Configuration and control device for float improving turning performance at high speed of glider vessel

Abstract

To provide a glider vessel capable of smoothly turning even at high speed without the occurrence of skidding.SOLUTION: A configuration of a float of a glider vessel is formed into a trapezoid viewed from a front face, approximately half the area of a bottom against the deck area is present on a water surface when gliding, thus enabling inclination of a hull, and at the same time, since force is inefficient by a rudder 9 in the rear in a large type glider vessel, a device attached with an auxiliary blade which is similar to a main blade of an airplane is separately attached to topmost unit of the hull which is approximately the same as in a large type airplane, the rudder faces a turning side, and at the same time, smooth turning is allowed without skidding by operating the right and left auxiliary blades 10 at the same time in the same way as in an airplane.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a float shape and control device that improves the turning performance of a gliding craft that glides on the sea surface at a speed of 200 to 300 km per hour. [Background technology]

[0002] When ships and aircraft turn, they can lean in the direction they are changing direction to turn smoothly. However, if an object cannot lean in the direction of the turn, it will skid and will not be able to turn as intended, which could result in a collision with an obstacle ahead that the ship is trying to avoid, or with another ship or aircraft. Gliders are high-speed vessels that glide on relatively flat floats, and while their shape makes them fine for going straight, they have problems turning. A similar vessel is a hovercraft, but its structure makes it difficult to lean when turning, so it skids when turning at high speeds and, in rare cases, may come into contact with or crash into a quay or other object. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Patent application 2021-201217 [Patent Document 2] Patent application 2023-101217 [Patent Document 3] Patent application 2023-185999 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] If the float of a glide craft is flat and the deck and bottom are roughly the same area, say 30-100m in length, 10-30m in width, and 1-3m in height, when it turns it can only tilt slightly in the direction of travel and will skid. The first solution to this is to increase the height between the float's deck and bottom, so that the hull can tilt in the direction of turning like a ship.

[0005] When a glider is gliding at high speed over the sea surface, it uses the vertical stabilizer to change direction. However, for large gliders with a load weight of over 100 tons, the total length is 50 to 100 meters, so it is not possible to make a sudden turn using only the vertical stabilizer. Large aircraft also turn using the ailerons, flaps, spoilers, etc. on the main wings in addition to the vertical stabilizer. Gliders also require a device that performs a similar function.

[0006] The design also requires that the boat can maintain high speed without much shaking even when the waves are a little high. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the glider according to the present invention has a float in which the area of ​​the bottom of the hull is 30 to 50% of the deck area where cabins and cargo rooms are installed, The volume of the float is a trapezoid that is approximately the same as the volume if the deck and bottom areas were approximately the same.

[0008] On the roof of the glider's cabin or cargo hold, in a position roughly equivalent to the mounting position of a normal main wing on a large aircraft, wings that look like the wings of a large aircraft with both sides cut off are attached so that they do not protrude from either side of the glider. A shaft is attached laterally inside the wings, and parts of the main wings are attached as ailerons so that they can rotate up and down in the direction of travel using actuators. When one aileron is rotated so that the front of it is facing up, an upward force is generated in that part of the hull, acting as a pushing force, and when the other aileron is rotated so that the front of it is facing down, a force is generated that pushes down on the hull in that part, causing the hull to tilt to either the left or right, allowing it to turn smoothly. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to this invention, when a glider with engine power of approximately the same maximum load weight as an aircraft glides on the sea surface, the bottom of the hull is about half the area of ​​the upper surface of the float, i.e., the deck, and glides over the waves in a shape that is almost trapezoidal. As a result, even when the waves are rough, the waves are absorbed by the bottom of the hull and the area below the deck, allowing for stable operation with relatively little pitching. In addition, when gliding across the sea surface at a speed of 200 to 300 km / h, in addition to the vertical stabilizer, a type of aileron that can be controlled independently on both sides of the upper hull can be operated to tilt the hull in the direction of change, allowing for smooth turns. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] Front view of the flat float of a glider [Figure 2] Front view of the trapezoidal cross section of the glider float [Figure 3] Side view of the float in Figure 2 [Figure 4] Horizontal cross section of Figure 2 [Figure 5] Figure 2: Position of the float on the sea surface during gliding [Figure 6] Plan view of the ailerons attached to the top of the center section of the hull [Figure 7] Side view of the aileron attached to the top of the center section of the hull [Figure 8] Front view of the aileron attached to the top of the center section of the hull [Figure 9] Overall aileron layout [Figure 10] A perspective view showing the tilt of the ailerons and rudder when a glider turns left in the foreground [Figure 11] A schematic diagram of the entire rotation device when the ailerons are composed of four pieces, front and rear, on each side like the main wings of a large aircraft. [Figure 12] Side view of Figure 11 with the front aileron facing up and the rear aileron facing down DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] Figure 1 shows the front view of the flat float 1 of a glider, the simplest design. A glider is more similar to a seaplane with two floats attached to the bottom than a flying boat. However, the overall energy efficiency of a glider when gliding over the sea surface is far better than that of either of these two. This is because a glider uses all of its power for propulsion. In contrast, flying boats and seaplanes are primarily designed for flight in the air, and use a portion of their power to generate upward force from the air resistance of their wings, while also generating propulsion. Gliders, on the other hand, are designed to glide over waves, akin to surfing. They are light overall, and in both cases, float 1 has a large surface area and a shallow draft even with maximum load weight. Therefore, when a glider increases its speed slightly, the wide bottom of the hull rises due to the resistance of the seawater, reducing wave-making resistance to almost zero. The force of the collision between the wave crests and the bottom of the hull causes it to rise and glide. Also, because of this configuration, most of the total power is used for propulsion, making it energy efficient and allowing the speed to be increased to 200-300 km / h.

[0013] However, if the gliding craft is large and the floats are flat, problems arise with changing course and turning. Especially during high-speed turns, centrifugal force acts on the hull in the direction of the change. If the hull cannot tilt accordingly, skidding occurs, making the craft uncontrollable and dangerous. Several innovations are required to ensure smooth turning. First, rather than using a flat float like the one shown in Figure 1, the float should be trapezoidal (as shown in Figure 2) when viewed from the front. When gliding, approximately half the area of ​​the hull's bottom is above sea level. This allows the hull to tilt and turn without skidding. Furthermore, if the floats are trapezoidal (2), even in rough, irregular waves, the wave crests will strike the bottom of the hull, as shown in Figure 5. Irregular, high waves will break between the deck (3) and the bottom (4), mitigating their impact. This has the effect of reducing the hull's pitch.

[0014] Figure 4 shows a cross section of the trapezoidal float 2. Its entire perimeter is constructed by fitting and gluing together CFRP plates like those of a wooden ship or aircraft, and the interior is also constructed of structural materials in a grid pattern made of the same material. A lightweight foam material 5 is attached to the top of the interior of the trapezoidal float 2, with ballast tanks 6 below. The foam material 5 is attached to prevent the ship from immediately sinking if a crack occurs in the float. The large ballast tanks 6 below are located because cabins and cargo holds are located above the trapezoidal float 2, and when the ship is operating at high speed, the ship's center of gravity and center of buoyancy are not a problem. However, when the ship slows down or stops, the overall center of gravity becomes high, making it unstable and increasing the risk of capsizing. Seawater is injected to lower the center of gravity and stabilize it.

[0015] Figure 5 shows the draft position of the trapezoidal float 2 when stopped and when gliding at high speed, that is, the position of the bottom 4. The area of ​​the bottom 4 of the float of a gliding vessel designed in this way is about half the area of ​​the deck 3, which has the advantage that there is less friction with excess wave crests when operating at high speed compared to the case of a float 1 which is entirely flat.

[0016] To enable a glider to turn smoothly, the rear rudder 9 alone is insufficient; a separate device equivalent to the ailerons attached to the main wings of an aircraft is required. Its mounting location is roughly the same centrally as the main wings of a large aircraft. This is shown in plan view in Figure 6, side view in Figure 7, and front view in Figure 8. Figure 9 also shows the complete aileron device, detached from the hull. When turning, the rudder 9 is pointed toward the side of the turn, with the front of the inner aileron 10 pointing downward and the front of the outer aileron 10 pointing upward. This allows the glider to turn smoothly, just like a large aircraft, without skidding. The ailerons 10 are attached to a rotating shaft 11 mounted laterally at the center of a central fixed flat plate 12 attached to the hull. Each aileron 10 can rotate up and down independently. Figure 10 shows the overall configuration when operated. The aileron 10 on the turning side has its front facing down and is subjected to a downward force due to air resistance, while the aileron 10 on the opposite side has its front facing up and is subjected to an upward force, resulting in the hull tilting to the turning side. If part of the left and right ailerons 10 of the aileron unit set shown in Figure 9 comes into contact with the hull when they rotate, the whole is raised by a frame 13 and attached to the top of the hull.

[0017] Regarding the set of aileron devices shown in Figure 9, if the glider is large and there are problems with operating each of the left and right ailerons 10 on a single rotating shaft, as shown in Figure 11, protruding portions 14 are provided from the center of the left and right sides of the central fixed flat plate 12, which corresponds to the main wing, and ailerons 10 are attached in front and behind them, respectively, and the left and right sides are operated together.

[0018] Figure 12 shows an example of how to operate the aileron 10. When viewed from the side, the front aileron 15 is attached to the front of the part 14 that protrudes to the left and right from the central fixed plate 12, and to obtain an upward force on that side, for example, it is operated upward. In addition, the rear aileron 16 behind it is lowered in this case. The ailerons made up of these three parts are operated in the opposite way on the other side, which allows the hull to take the same shape as a large aircraft when turning, allowing for smooth turns. [Explanation of symbols]

[0019] 1 float 2 Trapezoidal float 3 deck 4. Ship's Bottom 5. Foam 6. Ballast Tanks 7 Structural materials 8 CFRP plate 9 rudder 10 ailerons 11 Aileron rotation axis 12 Central fixed plate 13 Frame supporting the central fixed plate 14. The parts protruding on the left and right of the central fixed plate 15 forward aileron 16 rear aileron 17 Swivel unit as a whole

Claims

1. Regarding the float of a glider, the area of ​​the bottom of the vessel should be 30 to 50% of the deck area where the cabins and cargo compartments are installed. The float volume is a trapezoid that is approximately the same as the volume when the deck and bottom areas are approximately the same. A gliding vessel characterized by

2. On the roof of the glider's cabin or cargo hold, The mounting position is almost the same as that of a normal wing on a large aircraft. To prevent the glider from flying out from either side, a large aircraft wing with both sides cut off was attached to the roof of the glider. A part of the main wing is attached as an aileron so that it can rotate up and down relative to the direction of travel using an actuator, passing a shaft attached laterally inside the wing. When one of the ailerons is rotated so that the front part is on top, an upward force is generated on that part of the hull, and a pushing force acts on it. If the front of the aileron on the other side is rotated downwards, a force will act to push down on the hull. The hull tilts to either the left or right and turns smoothly.

2. The glider according to claim 1,

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