Method for treating fabric in dryer in presence of microorganisms

Abstract

To provide a method for controlling malodor on fabrics, including sustained malodor control during fabric use.SOLUTION: A method of treating a fabric in a dryer, the method comprising the steps of placing the fabric in the dryer and additionally delivering at least 1×102CFU of cleaning microorganisms into the dryer. A dryer sheet comprising a substrate, a fabric treatment composition, and from about 1×102 to about 1×109CFU / g of dryer sheet of cleaning microorganisms. A process for forming a dryer sheet, the process comprising the steps of providing a nonwoven fibrous web having a top surface, an opposing bottom surface, and a pair of web transverse edges; applying to the top surface cleaning microorganisms, preferably Bacillus spores; and folding the nonwoven fibrous web toward the top surface about a fold line dividing a first layer and a second layer so that the web transverse edges are brought into alignment with one another and the second layer is above the first layer.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fabric care. Specifically, the present invention relates to a method for providing fabric benefits in a dryer. More specifically, the method involves treating fabrics with cleaning microorganisms. The present invention also relates to a solid carrier containing cleaning microorganisms for controlling malodor on fabrics. [Background technology]

[0002] It appears to be a recurring problem that fabrics develop a foul odor even after they have been washed. The foul odor can be the result of having wet clothing for an extended period of time, the result of sweat produced by the user, the result of the fabric picking up foul odors from the surrounding environment, or a combination thereof. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0003] An object of the present invention is to control malodor on fabrics, including sustained malodor control while the fabric is in use. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of treating fabrics in a dryer, the method comprising: a) placing the fabric in a dryer; b) providing an effective amount of cleaning microorganisms to the fabric.

[0005] Preferably, the cleaning microorganism comprises a bacterium, more preferably a bacterial spore, more preferably a Bacillus spore, especially a Bacillus spore.

[0006] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dryer sheet comprising cleaning microorganisms, preferably bacterial spores, more preferably Bacillus spores, and most preferably Bacillus spores. There is also provided a process for producing a dryer sheet comprising cleaning microorganisms, preferably bacterial spores, more preferably Bacillus spores, and most preferably Bacillus spores.

[0007] According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided the use of a solid carrier comprising cleaning microorganisms, preferably bacterial spores, more preferably Bacillus spores, most preferably Bacillus spores, in a dryer to provide fabric malodour control in fabrics.

[0008] Elements of the method of the invention described in relation to the first aspect of the invention apply mutatis mutandis to the other aspects of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] The present invention encompasses a method for treating fabrics in a dryer. The method requires the separate addition of an effective amount of cleaning microorganisms to the dryer. While microorganisms can be present in the dryer and on the fabrics, the method of the present invention involves the intentional addition of cleaning microorganisms to the dryer in an amount that can provide a noticeable fabric benefit to the consumer. The method of the present invention involves the intentional addition of cleaning microorganisms to the dryer in an amount that can provide a noticeable fabric benefit to the consumer. 2 CFU, preferably at least 1 × 10 3 CFU, preferably at least 1 × 10 4 CFU, preferably at least 1 × 10 5 CFU, preferably 1 x 10 12 It requires the intentional addition of less than CFU to the dryer. By "intentional addition of cleaning microorganisms" herein is meant that the microorganisms are added in addition to the microorganisms that may be present in the dryer or carried on the fabrics.

[0010] "Cleaning microorganisms" are herein understood to be living microorganisms capable of decomposing materials associated with dirt, food residue, grease, and other objectionable materials (known in cleaning terminology as "soil"). The "cleaning microorganisms" of the method of the present invention may be referred to as "microorganisms of the present invention." The microorganisms of the present invention are not inactivated by heat at temperatures found in dryers. The microorganisms are fabric-persistent and provide malodor control during and after the drying process, particularly during and after use (e.g., wearing) of the fabric. Another example is found in towels. Towels can become malodorous after being used and left in the moist environment of a bathroom. The microorganisms of the present invention provide continuous malodor control.

[0011] Without wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the microorganisms of the present invention control laundry malodors by one or both of the following mechanisms. 1. Catalyzes the breakdown of stains and reduces the generation of malodors by releasing enzymes, metal chelators, and bio-based surfactants during and after fabric use. 2. Direct metabolism of malodorous species such as amines and thiols by decontaminating microorganisms involving enzymes such as oxidoreductases leads to a reduction in the concentration of these malodorous species released into the headspace.

[0012] The microorganisms of the method of the present invention can germinate on the fabric. The microorganisms can be activated by the heat provided by the dryer and germinate when the fabric is stored and / or used. The malodor precursors can be used by the microorganisms as nutrients to promote germination.

[0013] The fabrics treated in the dryer can be wet, damp, or dry. They can be treated wet after washing. The washing process reduces the amount of microorganisms and metabolic products on the fabric, but additional bacteria from the washing machine and wash water can be transferred to the fabric. Alternatively, the fabrics can be treated dry to refresh them.

[0014] All percentages, ratios, and proportions used herein are by weight of the composition unless otherwise specified. All average values ​​are calculated "by weight" of the composition unless otherwise expressly indicated. All ratios are calculated as weight / weight levels unless otherwise specified.

[0015] Unless otherwise stated, all measurements are performed at 25°C.

[0016] Unless otherwise noted, all component or composition levels refer to the active portion of that component or composition and exclude impurities, e.g., residual solvents or by-products, that may be present in commercial sources of such component or composition.

[0017] As used herein, the term "fabric" is intended to include any object, article, or item made from or at least partially containing any woven or nonwoven fabric portion that can be treated in an automatic dryer cycle.

[0018] Methods of the Invention The method of the present invention involves treating fabrics in a dryer to provide malodor reduction benefits. Dryers for use in the method of the present invention include any type of dryer that uses heat and agitation or heat and airflow to remove water from fabrics. Exemplary dryers that can be used include tumble dryers, in which fabrics are provided in a rotating drum that rotates the fabric during operation of the dryer. Tumble dryers are commonly found in residential, commercial, and industrial laundry operations. The method of the present invention is preferably carried out in a tumble dryer. The fabrics are placed in the dryer drum. As previously described herein, the fabrics may be wet, damp, or dry. The drying cycle is initiated in the dryer. Typically, the fabrics are subjected to a temperature ranging from about 40°C to about 100°C. The duration of the drying process is determined as a function of the wetness of the fabric. During drying, the fabrics are subjected to a temperature of at least 1 x 10 2 CFU, preferably at least 1 × 10 3 CFU, preferably at least 1 × 10 4CFU of purified microorganisms, preferably 1 x 10 12 Exposure to less than CFU of decontamination microorganisms.

[0019] Purifying microorganisms Cleaning microorganisms, as used herein, are i) viable microorganisms that can survive temperatures found in a dryer, ii) are fabric-persistent, iii) have the ability to control odor, and iv) preferably have the ability to support the cleaning action of laundry detergents. Cleaning microorganisms can be in a vegetative state, but are preferably in the form of spores that germinate in the dryer, begin to form cells, and have the ability to germinate on the fabric and continue forming cells using malodor precursors as nutrients. The microorganisms can be supplied to the dryer in liquid or solid form. Preferably, the microorganisms are in solid form. The microorganisms can be supplied to the drying process from a reservoir, dryer ball, solid carrier, such as a pouch, pellet, tablet, dryer sheet, etc. Preferably, the pellets are substantially spherical and / or cylindrical and have a diameter of about 1 mm to about 30 mm. Preferably, the microorganisms are supplied from a dryer sheet.

[0020] bacterial spores Some Gram-positive bacteria have a two-stage life cycle. During this life cycle, bacteria growing under certain conditions, such as in response to nutrient deficiency, can execute an elaborate developmental program that leads to spore or endospore formation. Bacterial spores are protected by a coat composed of approximately 60 different proteins assembled into a biochemically complex structure with intriguing morphological and mechanical properties. The protein coat is considered a static structure that provides rigidity and primarily acts as a sieve to filter out large, exogenous, toxic molecules, such as lytic enzymes. Spores are highly resistant to extreme environmental conditions and therefore play an important role in the long-term survival of species. Spores can also remain metabolically dormant for many years. Methods for obtaining bacterial spores from vegetative cells are well known in the art. In some instances, vegetative bacterial cells are grown in liquid culture. From late logarithmic or early stationary phase, bacteria can begin sporulation. Once the bacteria have completed sporulation, the spores can be harvested from the culture medium, for example, by centrifugation. Various methods can be used to kill or remove any remaining vegetative cells. Various methods can be used to purify spores from cellular debris and / or other materials or substances. Bacterial spores can be differentiated from vegetative cells using various techniques, for example, phase contrast microscopy, automated scanning microscopy, high resolution atomic force microscopy, or heat resistance methods.

[0021] Bacterial spores are generally metabolically inactive or dormant, environmentally resistant structures, making them easily selected for use in commercial microbial products. Despite their hardiness and extremely long lifespan, spores can rapidly respond to the presence of certain small molecules known as germination, which signals favorable conditions for spores to break dormancy by germinating, the initial step in the process of completing their life cycle by reverting to vegetative bacteria. For example, commercial microbial products can be designed so that spores are dispersed into an environment where they encounter germs present in the environment, germinate within vegetative cells, and perform their intended function. A variety of different bacteria can form spores. Bacteria from any of these groups can be used in the compositions, methods, and kits disclosed herein.For example, the following genera: Acetonema, Alcalibacillus, Ammoniphilus, Ampibacillus, Anaerobacter, Anaerospora, Aneuribacillus, Anoxybacillus, Bacillus, Brevibacillus, Cardanaerobacter, Caloramater, Caminicella, Serrasibacillus, Clostridium, Clostridium disalibacter, Cornella, Dendrosporobacter, Desulfotomaculum, Desulfosporomusa, Desulfosporosinus S., Desulfovirgra, Desulfnispora, Desulfrispora, Filifactor, Filobacillus, Gerria, Geobacillus, Geosporobacter, Gracilibacillus, Halonatronum, Heliobacterium, Heliophyllum, Raceella, Lentinibacillus, Raisinibacillus, Mahela, Metabacterium, Moorella, Natroniella, Oceanobacillus, Olenia, Ornithinebacillus, Oxalophagus, Oxobacillus Tar, Paenibacillus, Paraliobacillus, Perospora, Perotomaculum, Piscibacillus, Planiphyllum, Pontibacillus, Propionispora, Salinibacillus, Sarsuginibacillus, Seinonella, Simazuela, Sporacetigenium, Sporoanaerobacter, Sporobacter, Sporobacterium, Sporohalobacter, Sporolactobacillus, Sporomusa, Sporosalcia, Sporotalea, Sporotomaculum, Si Some bacteria, including Enterobacter, Syntrophospora, Tenuibacillus, Tepidibacter, Teribacillus, Thalassobacillus, Thermoacetogenium, Thermoactinomyces, Thermoalkalibacillus, Thermoanaerobacter, Thermoanaeromonas, Thermobacillus, Thermoflavimicrobium, Thermovenablum, Tuberibacillus, Bulgibacillus, and / or Vulcanobacillus, can form spores.

[0022] Preferably, the bacterium capable of forming spores is a bacterium of the Bacillaceae family, for example, Aeribacillus, Allibacillus, Alkalibacillus, Alkalicoccus, Alkalihalobacillus, Alkalicactibacillus, Allobacillus, Arteribacillus, Arteribacter, Ampibacillus, Anaerobacillus, Anoxybacillus, Aquibacillus, Aquisaribacillus, Aureibacillus, Bacillus, Caldarcalibacillus, Caldibacillus, Calditericola, Caldifontisbacillus, Cameliibacillus, Serrasibacillus, Compostibacillus, Rus, Cytobacillus, Desertibacillus, Domibacillus, Ectobacillus, Evansella, Farcibacillus, Ferdinandcohina, Fermentibacillus, Fictibacillus, Filbacillus, Geobacillus, Geomicrobium, Gottfriedia, Gracilibacillus, Hallalkalibacillus, Halobacillus, Haloractibacillus, Heindrixia, Hydrogenibacillus, Lederbergia, Lentibacillus, Richfieldia, Rottidebacillus, Margaritia, Marinococcus, Mergilibacillus, Mesobacillus, Metabacillus, Microaerobacter, Natoribacillus, Natronobacillus, Neobacillus, Niaria, Oceanobacillus, Ornithinibacillus, Parageobacillus, Paraliobacillus, Paralcalibacillus, Paucisalibacillus, Pelagirhabdos, Peribacillus, Piscibacillus, Polygonibacillus, Pontibacillus, Pradosia, Prieszia, Pseudogracilibacillus, Pueribacillus, Radiobacillus, Robertomuraya, Rosellomorea, Saccharococcus, Salibacterium, Salimicrobium, In various examples, the bacteria are from species of the genera Salinibacillus, Salipaldibacillus, Salirhabdus, Salisediminibacterium, Saliteribacillus, Salsiuginibacillus, Sediminibacillus, Siminovichia, Sinibacillus, Sinobacillus, Streptohalobacillus, Sacrifiella, Swionibacillus, Tenuibacillus, Tepidibacillus, Terribacillus, Terrilacticbacillus, Texcoconibacillus, Thalassobacillus, Thalassorhabdus, Thermolongibacillus, Bardibacillus, Bardibacillus, Vulcanibacillus, and Weizmania.Bacillus aerophilus, Bacillus albus, Bacillus alticuzinis, Bacillus albeauensis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciensex, Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus aquiflavi, Bacillus atrophaeus, Bacillus australimalis, Bacillus badius, Bacillus benzoevorans, Bacillus cabriaresii, Bacillus canaverarius, Bacillus cappallidis, Bacillus carboniphilus, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus chagangensis, Bacillus corefirense, Bacillus cytotoxicus, Bacillus decisifrondis, Bacillus ectoiniformans, Bacillus enculensis, Bacillus fengquensis, Bacillus fungorum, Bacillus glitinifermentans, Bacillus gobiensis, Bacillus halotolerans, Bacillus heineshii, Bacillus forti, Bacillus inaquosorum, Bacillus infantis, Bacillus infernus, Bacillus isaberiae, Bacillus quequeae, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus luti, Bacillus manusensis, Bacillus ma Bacillus linisedimentorum, Bacillus mesophilus, Bacillus methanolicus, Bacillus mobilis, Bacillus mojavensis, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus nakamurai, Bacillus nudgiopicus, Bacillus nitrachiredusens, Bacillus oleivorans, Bacillus pacificus, Bacillus pachystanensis, Bacillus paralicheniformis, Bacillus paramycoides, Bacillus paranthrasis, Bacillus pervagus, Bacillus pisticola, Bacillus proteolyticus, Bacillus pseudomycoides, Bacillus proteolyticus Millis, Bacillus safensis, Bacillus tharracetis, Bacillus salinus, Bacillus salitorrans, Bacillus theohaeanensis, Bacillus sibazii, Bacillus siamensis, Bacillus smithii, Bacillus solimanglobi, Bacillus songkurensis, Bacillus sonorensis, Bacillus spizizenii, Bacillus spongiae, Bacillus stearicolis, Bacillus stratosphericus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus swedzei, Bacillus thaeanensis, Bacillus tamaricis, Bacillus tequilensis,The strain may be a strain of Bacillus thermocloacae, Bacillus thermotolerans, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus tianchenii, Bacillus toyonensis, Bacillus tropicalis, Bacillus valismortis, Bacillus verrezuensis, Bacillus viedmannii, Bacillus vdaliankiensis, Bacillus kiamenensis, Bacillus kiapuensis, Bacillus zangzouensis, or a combination thereof.

[0023] In some examples, the spore-forming bacterial strain may be a strain of Bacillus, including Bacillus sp. strain SD-6991, Bacillus sp. strain SD-6992, Bacillus sp. strain NRRL B-50606, Bacillus sp. strain NRRL B-50887, Bacillus pumilus strain NRRL B-50016, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50017, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain PTA-7792 (formerly classified as Bacillus atrophaeus), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain PTA-7543 (formerly classified as Bacillus atrophaeus), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50018, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50019, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50020, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50021, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50022, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50023, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50024, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50025, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50026, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50027, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50028, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50029, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50029, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-5 B-50018, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain PTA-7541, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain PTA-7544, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain PTA-7545, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain PTA-7546, Bacillus subtilis strain PTA-7547, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain PTA-7549, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain PTA-7793, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain PTA-7790, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain PTA-7791, Bacillus subtilis strain NRRL B-50136 (also known as DA-33R, ATCC accession number 55406), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50141, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50399, Bacillus licheniformis strain NRRL B-50014, Bacillus licheniformis strain NRRL B-50015, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50607, Bacillus subtilis strain NRRL B-50147 (also known as 300R), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50150, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50154, Bacillus megaterium PTA-3142, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain ATCC accession number 55405 (also known as 300), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain ATCC accession number 55407 (also known as PMX), Bacillus pumilus NRRL B-50398 (ATCCBacillus cereus ATCC accession number 700386, Bacillus thuringiensis ATCC accession number 700387 (all of the above strains are available from Novozymes, Inc., USA), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB24 (e.g., isolates NRRL B-50304 and NRRL B-50349 TAEGRO® available from Novozymes), Bacillus subtilis (e.g., isolate NRRL B-21661 in RHAPSODY®, SERENADE® MAX, and SERENADE® ASO available from Bayer CropScience), Bacillus pumilus (e.g., isolate NRRL B-21661 available from Bayer CropScience), ... B-50349 isolate), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TrigoCor (also known as "TrigoCor1448", e.g., isolate Embrapa Trigo accession number 144 / 88.4Lev, Cornell accession number Pma007BR-97, and ATCC accession number 202152 available from Cornell University, USA), and combinations thereof.

[0024] In some examples, the spore-forming bacterial strain can be a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain. For example, the strain can be Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain PTA-7543 (formerly classified as Bacillus atrophaeus) and / or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50154, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain PTA-7543 (formerly classified as Bacillus atrophaeus), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain NRRL B-50154, or from other Bacillus amyloliquefaciens microorganisms.

[0025] In some examples, the spore-forming bacterial strain may be a Brevibacillus species, such as Brevibacillus brevis, Brevibacillus formosus, Brevibacillus laterosporus, or Brevibacillus parabrevis, or a combination thereof.

[0026] In some examples, the spore-forming bacterial strain may be a Paenibacillus species, such as Paenibacillus alvei, Paenibacillus amylolyticus, Paenibacillus azotofixans, Paenibacillus cookii, Paenibacillus macerans, Paenibacillus polymyxa, or Paenibacillus validus, or a combination thereof.

[0027] The bacterial spores may have an average particle size of about 2 to 50 microns, preferably about 10 to 45 microns. Bacillus spores are commercially available in blends in aqueous carriers, in which they are insoluble. Other commercially available bacillus spore blends include, but are not limited to, Fenshen Free™ CAN (10X), available from Novozymes Biologicals, Inc.; Evogen® Renew Plus (10X), available from Genesis Biosciences, Inc.; and Evogen® GT (10X, 20X, and 110X), all available from Genesis Biosciences, Inc. In the foregoing list, the designations in parentheses (10X, 20X, and 110X) indicate the relative concentrations of bacillus spores.

[0028] The bacterial spores used in the compositions, methods, and products disclosed herein may or may not be heat-activated. In some instances, the bacterial spores are heat-activated. In some instances, the bacterial spores are not heat-inactivated. Preferably, the spores used herein are heat-activated. Heat activation may involve heating the bacterial spores from room temperature (15-25°C) to an optimum temperature of 25-120°C, preferably 40-100°C, and holding the optimum temperature for up to 2 hours, preferably 70-80°C for 30 minutes.

[0029] For the methods, compositions, and products disclosed herein, a population of bacterial spores is generally used. In some examples, the population of bacterial spores may include bacterial spores from a single strain of bacteria. Preferably, the population of bacterial spores may include bacterial spores from two, three, four, five, or more strains of bacteria. Generally, the population of bacterial spores contains a majority of spores and a small number of vegetative cells. In some examples, the population of bacterial spores does not contain vegetative cells. In some examples, the population of bacterial spores may contain less than about 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, or 50% vegetative cells, where the percentage of bacterial spores is calculated as ((number of vegetative cells / (number of spores in the population + number of vegetative cells in the population)) × 100). Generally, the populations of bacterial spores used in the disclosed methods, compositions, and products are stable (i.e., not germinating) and at least some individual spores in the population are capable of germination.

[0030] The population of bacterial spores used in the present disclosure may include bacterial spores at different concentrations. In various examples, the population of bacterial spores may be, but is not limited to, at least 1 x 10 2 , 5×10 2 , 1×10 3 , 5×10 3 , 1×10 4 , 5×10 4 , 1×10 5 , 5×10 5 , 1×106 , 5×10 6 , 1×10 7 , 5×10 7 , 1×10 8 , 5×10 8 , 1×10 9 , 5×10 9 , 1×10 10 , 5×10 10 , 1×10 11 , 5×10 11 , 1×10 12 , 5×10 12 , 1×10 13 , 5×10 13 , 1×10 14 , or 5 x 10 14 Spores / ml, spores / gram, or spores / cm 3 may contain

[0031] The dryer sheets disclosed herein can be conveniently used to treat fabrics during the drying process in a dryer. The dryer sheets can be used to treat unwashed fabrics or fabrics after they have been washed with laundry detergent.

[0032] Dryer sheets The dryer sheets of the present invention comprise a substrate, a fabric treatment composition, and about 1 x 10 per gram of dryer sheet. 2 ~Approx. 1×10 9 CFU of cleaning microorganisms, preferably about 1 x 10 per gram of dryer sheet 3 ~Approx. 1×10 6 and CFU of a purifying microorganism. Preferably, the purifying microorganism comprises a bacterial spore, preferably a Bacillus spore, more preferably a Bacillus spore, more preferably a Bacillus spore selected from the group consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus, and combinations thereof.

[0033] Dryer sheets can be prepared by immersing an absorbent, flexible substrate in a liquid mixture of fabric treatment compositions, pressing the resulting soaked sheet to remove any excess liquid, and then drying the sheet. Dryer sheets known in the art are preferably prepared by coating an absorbent, flexible substrate with a molten mixture of fabric treatment compositions and then allowing the mixture to solidify. The fabric treatment composition migrates to the fabric during the drying operation, imparting cleaning microorganisms and fabric conditioning properties to the fabric. At an activation temperature, which is achieved during the drying cycle in the dryer, at least a portion of the fabric treatment composition migrates from the substrate to the fabric, imparting fabric conditioning properties and cleaning microorganisms to the fabric. The activation temperature refers to the temperature at which the fabric treatment composition migrates to the laundry.

[0034] Dryer sheets can be provided from components that are considered biodegradable or compostable. The terms biodegradable or compostable are meant to refer to the ability of the dryer sheet to undergo degradation via biodegradation or hydrolysis under conditions favorable for biodegradation or hydrolysis (e.g., a composting environment of 95% relative humidity and 180°F), such that at least 95% of the components are considered to be degraded within a period of about 90 days. Dryer sheets can be made exclusively from materials considered biodegradable or compostable, or dryer sheets can be made from a combination of materials considered biodegradable or compostable and materials that do not meet the biodegradability or compostability test. Additionally, dryer sheets can be provided that are characterized as biodegradable under ASTM D 6868-03. While ASTM D 6868-03 refers to a definition of biodegradability for plastics used as coatings on paper, this definition can be used to determine the biodegradability of paper products.

[0035] The dryer sheet preferably comprises a fibrous substrate, which may be a woven or nonwoven substrate. The substrate may be a single-layer substrate or a dual-layer substrate. The dual-layer substrate comprises a fibrous first layer, the first layer having a first inner surface and a first outer surface opposite the first inner surface, the first outer surface having a first outer surface area, and a second layer of nonwoven fibers bonded to the first layer, the second layer having a second inner surface and a second outer surface opposite the second inner surface, the second outer surface having a second outer surface area, and the second inner surface being oriented toward the first inner surface. The dryer sheet comprises cleaning microorganisms, preferably bacterial spores. The cleaning microorganisms may be part of a fabric treatment composition. In a dual layer substrate, a portion of the fabric treatment composition is preferably on the inner surface of the first layer and partially penetrates the first layer, the outer surface of the first layer being free of the fabric treatment composition over more than about 60% of its outer surface, and the outer surface of the second layer being free of the fabric treatment composition over more than about 60% of its outer surface. Preferably, the fabric treatment composition is present in a weight ratio of about 10:1 to about 1000:1 relative to the combined first and second layers.

[0036] Nonwoven fiber materials The nonwoven fibrous material provides a suitable function as a carrier for the cleaning microorganisms and the fabric treatment composition. The nonwoven fibrous material can be a polyester nonwoven fibrous material. For example, the nonwoven fibrous material can be polyester terephthalate. The nonwoven fibrous material can be spunbond polyester terephthalate. Optionally, the nonwoven fibrous material can be continuous filament spunbond polyester terephthalate. Other nonwoven fibrous materials, such as rayon, can also be useful.

[0037] Nonwoven fibrous material is approximately 10 g / m 2 ~about 50g / m 2 Such fibrous materials may have a basis weight of about 1000 sq. m. Such fibrous materials have sufficient structure to carry a desired amount of the bacterial composition.

[0038] To provide the desired release of the bacterial composition, the nonwoven fibrous material may have a permeability of about 50 darcy to about 150 darcy, optionally about 90 darcy to about 140 darcy. The fibers comprising the nonwoven fibrous material may have a denier of about 2 to about 6. The nonwoven fibrous material may have a caliper of about 0.1 mm to about 0.5 mm, or optionally about 0.1 mm to about 0.4 mm. The higher the caliper, the more space there is within the nonwoven fibrous material to retain the fabric treatment composition.

[0039] The nonwoven substrate may include natural fibers and regenerated cellulose fibers. The substrate may include a sufficient amount of regenerated cellulose fibers to provide the nonwoven substrate with desired texture or hand characteristics and to provide the nonwoven substrate with desired porosity.

[0040] Natural fibers refer to fibers formed from plants or animals. Natural fibers are not fibers formed as a result of extrusion or spinning. Natural fibers can be obtained from fiber sources using techniques such as chemical pulping, chemi-mechanical pulping, semi-chemical pulping, or mechanical pulping. Natural fibers derived from plants are often referred to as cellulosic fibers.

[0041] Exemplary natural fibers that can be used to form the nonwoven substrate include wood fibers and non-wood natural fibers, such as vegetable fibers, cotton, various straws (e.g., wheat, rye, and others), various rattans (e.g., bagasse and kenaf), silk, animal fibers (e.g., wool), grasses (e.g., bamboo, etc.), hemp, cornstalk, abaca, and the like.

[0042] Wood fibers can be obtained from wood pulp. Wood pulp can include hardwood fibers, softwood fibers, or a blend of hardwood and softwood fibers. Pulp can be provided as cellulose fibers from chemically pulped wood and can include a blend from coniferous and deciduous trees. By way of example, wood fibers can be from northern hardwood, northern softwood, southern hardwood, or southern softwood. Hardwood fibers tend to be more brittle, but are generally more cost-effective to use because pulp yields from hardwoods are higher than those from softwoods. Pulp can contain about 0 to about 100% or about 0 to about 70% hardwood fibers by weight of fiber. Softwood fibers have desirable papermaking characteristics but are generally more expensive than hardwood fibers. Pulp can contain about 0 to about 100% softwood fibers by weight of fiber. Pulp can contain a blend of hardwood and softwood fibers.

[0043] Natural fibers can be extracted by a variety of pulping techniques. For example, mechanical or high-yield pulping can be used for stone-ground, pressure-ground, refined mechanical, and thermomechanical pulps. Chemical pulping, incorporating kraft, sulfite, and soda processes, can be used. Semi-chemical and chemical-mechanical pulping, which involves a combination of mechanical and chemical processes to produce a chemical-thermomechanical pulp, can also be used.

[0044] Natural fibers may also be bleached or unbleached. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that bleaching can be achieved by a number of methods, including the use of chlorine, hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, oxygen, peroxide, ozone, or caustic extraction.

[0045] Pulp can include recycled sources of regenerated fibers. Exemplary recycled sources include post-consumer waste (PCW) fibers, office waste, and cardboard box waste. Post-consumer waste fibers refer to fibers recovered from paper that is recycled after consumer use. Office waste refers to fibers obtained from office waste, and cardboard box waste refers to fibers obtained from cardboard boxes. Additional sources of regenerated fibers include newspapers and magazines. Regenerated fibers can include both natural and synthetic fibers. Incorporation of regenerated fibers into nonwoven substrates can aid in efficient use of resources and increase end-user satisfaction with the dryer sheet.

[0046] Refining is the treatment of pulp fibers to develop their papermaking properties. Refining increases the strength of interfiber bonds by increasing the surface area of ​​the fibers and making them more flexible and adaptable around each other, resulting in a denser sheet with fewer voids. Most strength properties of paper depend on interfiber bonds and therefore increase with pulp refining. Tear strength, which is largely dependent on the strength of individual fibers, tends to decrease with refining. Pulp refining increases fiber flexibility, resulting in a denser substrate. This means that bulk, opacity, and porosity decrease (densometer value increases) with refining. Fibrillation is the result of paper fiber refining. Fibrillation is the creation of a rough surface on fibers through mechanical and / or chemical action. Refiners break down the outer layer of the fiber, e.g., the primary cell wall, and allow fibrils from the secondary cell wall to protrude from the fiber surface.

[0047] The fibers can be refined so that the resulting nonwoven substrate provides a desired Canadian Standard Freeness value. Generally, less refined fibers can provide a nonwoven substrate with more pores and voids, thereby allowing for greater penetration into the nonwoven substrate. It may be desirable to provide a desired level of refinement to control the presence of pores or voids so that the nonwoven substrate can contain a desired amount or loading of fabric conditioning agent.

[0048] The nonwoven substrate may include natural fibers and regenerated cellulose fibers. The substrate may include a sufficient amount of regenerated cellulose fibers to provide the nonwoven substrate with desired texture or hand characteristics and to provide the nonwoven substrate with desired porosity.

[0049] Regenerated cellulose fibers can be considered a type of fiber prepared from cellulose, where the fibers are formed as a result of extrusion or spinning. Exemplary regenerated cellulose fibers can be referred to as rayon or viscose. Viscose is generally understood to be another term for rayon.

[0050] The nonwoven substrate may contain a sufficient amount of regenerated cellulose fibers so that the dryer sheet exhibits desirable fabric and hand characteristics. Generally, the fabric or hand characteristics of the dryer sheet may be provided to be similar to those of commercially available dryer sheet products, such as those available under the names Bounce® and Downy® from The Procter & Gamble Company. Natural fibers may provide a nonwoven substrate for use as a dryer sheet that is relatively inexpensive but tends to provide stiffness to the dryer sheet. Regenerated cellulose fibers may be included in the nonwoven substrate in an amount sufficient to improve the fabric and hand characteristics of the nonwoven substrate.

[0051] The nonwoven substrate may contain a sufficient amount of regenerated cellulose fibers so that the resulting nonwoven substrate has a desired level of porosity or air permeability. Generally, providing a nonwoven substrate with a desired level of air permeability allows the nonwoven substrate to handle or contain a desired amount or loading of fabric conditioning agent. The air permeability of the nonwoven substrate can be controlled to allow for a sufficient loading of fabric conditioning agent onto the nonwoven substrate. It may be desirable for the nonwoven substrate to have an air permeability of at least 6 CFM (cubic feet per minute per square foot) according to Tappi T 251CM-85.

[0052] The nonwoven fabric substrate can be prepared from fibers containing natural fibers, regenerated cellulose fibers, or a mixture of natural fibers and regenerated cellulose fibers. The nonwoven fabric substrate can contain 0% to 100% natural fibers, or 0% to 100% regenerated cellulose fibers, based on the weight of the fibers in the nonwoven fabric substrate. To provide the nonwoven fabric substrate with desired fabric and hand characteristics or to provide the nonwoven fabric substrate with desired air permeability, the nonwoven fabric substrate can be prepared from a mixture of natural fibers and regenerated cellulose fibers. The nonwoven fabric substrate can be prepared from a mixture containing about 10% to about 95% natural fibers, about 20% to about 92% natural fibers, about 40% to about 90% natural fibers, or about 50% to about 85% natural fibers. The nonwoven substrate can be prepared from a mixture containing about 0.5% to about 75% by weight of regenerated cellulose fibers, about 2% to about 60% by weight of regenerated cellulose fibers, about 10% to about 55% by weight of regenerated cellulose fibers, or about 20% to about 50% by weight of regenerated cellulose fibers, where the weight percentage of the fibers is based on the fiber content of the nonwoven substrate.

[0053] To obtain the maximum benefit from the presence of regenerated cellulose fibers, it may be desirable to provide regenerated cellulose fibers having the longest possible length for forming a nonwoven substrate on a papermaking machine. It is generally expected that using longer regenerated cellulose fibers may allow for the use of fewer regenerated cellulose fibers prepared with a nonwoven substrate using shorter fibers. In general, exemplary lengths of regenerated cellulose fibers that may be used on a papermaking machine are about 3 mm to about 6 mm (about 1 / 8 inch to about 1 / 4 inch). It may be desirable to provide regenerated cellulose fibers having a length of up to about 2 inches.

[0054] The regenerated cellulose fibers may have a denier selected to provide desired fabric or hand characteristics. Generally, smaller deniers may be used to enhance fabric or hand characteristics. Fibers with larger deniers tend to be coarser. Thus, the regenerated cellulose fibers may have a denier of about 0.5 to about 20, a denier of about 0.5 to about 10, a denier of about 0.5 to about 5, or a denier of about 1.0 to about 2.

[0055] The nonwoven fibrous material may be continuous filaments of polyester homopolymer and binder filaments formed from a polyester copolymer. The nonwoven fibrous material may be a polyolefin nonwoven. The nonwoven fibrous material may be a spunbond nonwoven. The nonwoven fibrous material may be an area-bonded or point-bonded nonwoven. The nonwoven fibrous material may be a spunbond polyethylene terephthalate with trilobal fibers having a denier of about 5 to about 6. The nonwoven fibrous material may be a spunbond bicomponent fiber with a polyethylene terephthalate core and a copolyethylene terephthalate with isophthalate, and / or combinations thereof.

[0056] The nonwoven fibrous material may comprise bicomponent fibers. The bicomponent fibers may be in a core-sheath or lobe configuration. The nonwoven fibrous material may comprise bicomponent fibers in a polyethylene / polyethylene terephthalate core-sheath configuration, where either component forms the core or the sheath. The bicomponent fibers may be polyethylene / polypropylene, where either component forms the core or the sheath.

[0057] The nonwoven fibrous material may be similar to or currently or previously used in BOUNCE dryer sheets available from The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America, SNUGGLE dryer sheets available from Henkel Corporation, Stamford, Connecticut, United States of America, and / or SUAVITEL dryer sheets available from Colgate-Palmolive Company, New York, New York, United States of America.

[0058] The nonwoven fibrous material may be cellulosic.

[0059] Manufacturing Process The dryer sheet may actually be formed using a continuous web converting process. A nonwoven fibrous web may be provided. The nonwoven fibrous web may have a top surface, an opposing bottom surface, and a pair of web cross-edges. A fabric treatment composition, preferably including cleaning microorganisms, may be applied to the top surface. The nonwoven fibrous web may be folded toward the top surface around a fold dividing the first and second layers to align the web cross-edges with each other, with the second layer on top of the first layer. The nonwoven fibrous web may be cut to form the dryer sheet. The nonwoven fibrous web may actually be cut before or after being folded, but it may be easier to convert if the nonwoven fibrous web is cut after being folded.

[0060] The cleaning microorganisms, preferably as part of a fabric treatment composition, can be applied to the upper surface by slot coating, spray coating, kiss roll, printing, rotogravure, and other processes for applying the cleaning microorganisms as a liquid. When a nonwoven fibrous layer is used herein, one practical approach to applying the fabric treatment composition to the nonwoven fibrous material is to slot coat the nonwoven fibrous material and use a scraper set at or just above the surface to which the composition is applied to scrape the composition at a level at or on the surface of the nonwoven fibrous material to remove excess composition.

[0061] The cleaning microorganisms can be partially infiltrated into the nonwoven fibrous web, preferably as part of a fabric treatment composition. The cleaning microorganisms can be applied to one of the first and / or second inner layer surfaces, preferably as part of a fabric treatment composition. The folding step can be conveniently accomplished using a folding rail. Other folding processes can be used where the nonwoven fibrous web is cut in the cross direction (CD) before folding, or where individual pieces of the nonwoven fibrous web are provided and then each dryer sheet is individually folded.

[0062] When the nonwoven fibrous web or individual pieces of the nonwoven fibrous web are folded over on themselves, the cross-web edges may be bonded to one another. The bonding step may be performed before or after the cutting step in the cross direction CD. The bonding may provide cohesion to the dryer sheet, as previously described.

[0063] Once the first and second layers, or pieces or portions of the nonwoven fibrous web that will ultimately become the first and second layers, are arranged as desired, the layers can be embossed to provide embossments in the layers and to squeeze the fabric treatment composition into the layers so that the fabric treatment composition fully penetrates the layers. Embossing can be accomplished by an embossing roll, such as a cylindrical roll having a desired pattern of raised embossing features in operative relationship with an anvil roll.

[0064] Another approach to forming a dryer sheet is to provide a first layer and a second layer. The first and second layers can be provided integrally with one another as a single nonwoven fibrous web moving in the machine direction (MD). The cleaning microorganisms, preferably as part of the fabric treatment composition, can be applied to the inner surfaces of the first layer and / or the inner surfaces of the second layer if the first and second layers are provided as individual lanes, or the fabric treatment composition can be applied and then the nonwoven fibrous web can be cut in the machine direction MD to form lanes of material that ultimately become the first and second layers.

[0065] One of the first layer and the second layer can be inverted. Inverting can be performed so that the surfaces of the layers to which the bacterial composition is applied are oriented toward each other when the first layer is stacked on the second layer. Inverting can be performed before or after the nonwoven fibrous web is cut in the cross direction CD.

[0066] When one of the layers is turned inside out, the first and second layers can be stacked such that the inner surface of the first layer is oriented toward the inner surface of the second layer. The first layer can bond to the second layer, which provides the benefit of helping the dryer sheet maintain its shape before, during, and after use.

[0067] Fabric Treatment Composition The dryer sheet comprises a fabric treatment composition, which may provide care, fragrance, anti-wrinkle, color protection, anti-static, softening benefits, and any other benefits that add to the longevity and feel of the fabric. Cleansing microorganisms may be part of the fabric treatment composition. The fabric treatment composition may be any of the fabric softening compositions currently or formerly used, or similar to those currently or formerly used, in BOUNCE dryer sheets available from The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States of America, SNUGGLE dryer sheets available from Henkel Corporation, Stamford, Connecticut, United States of America, and / or SUAVITEL dryer sheets available from Colgate-Palmolive Company, New York, New York, United States of America.

[0068] The fabric treatment composition is preferably a fabric softening composition. The fabric softening composition preferably comprises from about 10% to about 90% by weight of the composition of a softening agent, preferably a quaternary ammonium compound. The quaternary ammonium compound may be ester and / or amide linked.

[0069] The fabric softening composition may comprise a cationic nitrogen-containing compound such as a quaternary ammonium compound having one or two linear organic groups of at least 8 carbon atoms, optionally one or two such groups of 12 to 22 carbon atoms, and optionally ester and / or amide linked.Specific non-limiting examples of fabric softening actives include the following: ditallow, dimethylammonium methyl sulfate, N,N-di(oleyl-oxy-ethyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride, N,N-di(canolyl-oxy-ethyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride, N,N-di(oleyl-oxy-ethyl)-N-methyl, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium methyl sulfate, N,N-di(canol ... N,N-di(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium methyl sulfate, N,N-di(oleylamidoethyl)-N-methyl, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium methyl sulfate, N,N-di(2-oleyloxyoxo-ethyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride, N,N-di(2-canolyloxyoxo-ethyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride, N,N-di(2-oleyloxyethylcarbonyloxyethyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride, N,N-di( 2-Canolyloxyethylcarbonyloxyethyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride, N-(2-oleyloxyethyl)-N-(2-oleyloxyoxo-ethyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride, N-(2-canolyloxyethyl)-N-(2-canolyloxyoxo-ethyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride, N,N,N-tri(oleyloxy-ethyl)-N-methylammonium chloride, N,N,N-tri(canolyl) N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylammonium chloride, N-(2-oleyloxyoxoethyl)-N-(oleyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride, N-(2-canolyloxyoxoethyl)-N-(canolyl)-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride, 1,2-dioleyloxy-N,N,N-trimethylammoniopropane chloride, and 5,2-dicanolyloxy-N,N,N-trimethylammoniopropane chloride, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the fabric conditioning active is N,N-di(tallowyl-oxy-ethyl)-N-methyl,N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium methyl sulfate.

[0070] The fabric softening composition may include ingredients such as nonionic materials. Suitable nonionic materials may include polyoxyalkylene glycols, higher fatty alcohol esters of polyoxyalkylene glycols, higher fatty alcohol esters of polyoxyalkylene glycols, ethoxylates of long-chain alcohols of 8 to 30 carbon atoms, such as ethoxylates of coconut, palm, tallow alcohol, or hydrogenated alcohols with 4 to 40 moles of ethylene oxide, and alkanolamides. The fabric softening composition may further include fatty acids, ethoxylated fatty acids, and combinations thereof, with or without nonionic materials. Suitable fatty acids include those with long chains of about 8 to 30 carbon atoms, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl or alkenyl groups. Specific examples of fatty acids are lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, and / or combinations thereof.

[0071] Fabric softening compositions can include one or more organic compounds having at least one relatively long hydrocarbon group that functions to provide lubrication and / or antistatic benefits. Among such groups are alkyl groups containing 8 or more carbon atoms, or even 12 to 22 carbon atoms. Suitable fabric softening compositions can include cationic, anionic, nonionic, or zwitterionic compounds. Cationic nitrogen-containing compounds, such as quaternary ammonium compounds, having one or two linear organic groups of at least 8 carbon atoms are useful.

[0072] The fabric softening composition may contain less than about 5% by weight of fatty acids. The fabric softening composition may be selected from the group consisting of polyglyceryl distearate, paraffin wax, branched paraffin wax, polyglyceryl ether, and combinations thereof.

[0073] Suitable fabric softening compositions include cationic, anionic, nonionic, or zwitterionic compounds. The fabric softening composition may be a quaternary imidazolinium salt. Optionally, the fabric softening composition may be a polyoxyalkylene glycol, including higher fatty alcohol esters of polyoxyalkylene glycols and higher fatty alcohol ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols. The fabric softening composition may be a fatty acid ester of sorbitan and an ethoxylate of such an ester.

[0074] Other Fabric Treatment Ingredients The fabric treatment composition may include various other ingredients. The fabric treatment composition may include a non-encapsulated perfume, an encapsulated perfume, and combinations thereof. The encapsulated perfume, if provided, may be selected from the group consisting of a frangible capsule, a moisture-activated capsule, a heat-activated capsule, and combinations thereof.

[0075] The fabric softening composition may comprise ingredients selected from the group consisting of softening agents, soil release agents, antistatic agents, fabric frizz treatments, waterproofing / stain agents, stain release agents, fresheners, disinfectants, anti-wrinkle agents, wrinkle removers, deodorizers, odor control agents, anti-chafe and protectants, solvents, insect / pet repellents, humidifiers, chlorine removers, optical brighteners, UV protectants, skin / fabric conditioning agents, skin / fabric enhancers, skin / fabric moisturizers, color protection agents, dye fixatives, dye transfer inhibitors, silicones, preservatives and antimicrobial agents, disinfectants, fabric shrinkage reducers, brighteners, hueing dyes, bleaches, chelating agents, defoamers, anti-scum agents, brighteners, catalysts, cyclodextrins, zeolites, petrolatum, glycerin, triglycerides, vitamins, other skin care actives such as aloe vera, chamomile, shea butter, and the like, mineral oil, and combinations thereof.

[0076] fragrance In addition to the fabric treatment composition, the dryer sheet may further comprise 0.1% to about 20% by weight of perfume. The perfume may be a non-encapsulated perfume, an encapsulated perfume, a perfume delivered by perfume delivery technology, or a perfume delivered by some other method. Perfumes are generally described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,186,680, column 10, line 56 to column 25, line 22. The dryer sheet may also comprise a non-encapsulated perfume, e.g., essentially free of perfume carriers such as perfume microcapsules. The dryer sheet may comprise a perfume carrier material (and the perfume contained therein). Examples of perfume carrier materials are described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,186,680, column 25, line 23 to column 31, line 7. Specific examples of perfume carrier materials may include cyclodextrins and zeolites.

[0077] The dryer sheet may comprise from about 0.1% to about 20% by weight of the dryer sheet, alternatively from about 1% to about 15%, alternatively from 2% to about 10%, or any combination thereof, and any integer percentage within any of the foregoing ranges. The dryer sheet may comprise from about 0.1% to about 6% by weight of the dryer sheet of perfume. The perfume may be a non-encapsulated perfume and / or an encapsulated perfume.

[0078] Dryer sheets may be free or substantially free of perfume carrier. Dryer sheets may contain from about 0.1% to about 20% by weight, alternatively from about 1% to about 15% by weight, alternatively from 2% to about 10% by weight, or combinations thereof, and any integer percentage within any dryer sheet.

[0079] The dryer sheet may include non-encapsulated perfume and perfume microcapsules. The dryer sheet may include from about 0.1% to about 20% by weight of the dryer sheet, alternatively from about 1% to about 15%, alternatively from about 2% to about 10% by weight, or combinations thereof, of non-encapsulated perfume, and any integer percentage or integer percentage range within any of the foregoing ranges. Such levels of non-encapsulated perfume may be appropriate for any of the dryer sheets disclosed herein having non-encapsulated perfume.

[0080] Dryer sheets may contain non-encapsulated perfume and perfume microcapsules, but may be free or essentially free of other perfume carriers. Dryer sheets may contain non-encapsulated perfume and perfume microcapsules, but may be free of other perfume carriers.

[0081] The dryer sheet may include an encapsulated perfume. The encapsulated perfume may be provided as a plurality of perfume microcapsules. The perfume microcapsules have a perfume oil encapsulated within a shell. The shell may have an average shell thickness less than the maximum dimension of the perfume core. The perfume microcapsules may be frangible perfume microcapsules. The perfume microcapsules may be moisture-activated perfume microcapsules.

[0082] The perfume microcapsules may include a melamine / formaldehyde shell. The perfume microcapsules may be obtained from Appleton, Quest International, or International Flavor & Fragrances, or other suitable sources. The shell of the perfume microcapsules may be coated with a polymer to enhance the adhesion of the perfume microcapsules to clothing. This may be desirable when the particles are designed to be fabric treatment compositions. The perfume microcapsules may be those described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008 / 0305982.

[0083] The dryer sheet may comprise from about 0.1% to about 20%, alternatively from about 0.1% to about 10%, alternatively from about 1% to about 15%, alternatively from 2% to about 10%, or combinations thereof, and any integer percentage within any of the foregoing ranges, by weight of the dryer sheet, of encapsulated perfume.

[0084] The dryer sheet may contain perfume microcapsules but may be free or essentially free of non-encapsulated perfume. The particles may comprise from about 0.1% to about 20%, alternatively from about 1% to about 15%, alternatively from about 2% to about 10%, by weight of the dryer sheet, of encapsulated perfume, or any combination thereof, and any integer percentage within any of the foregoing ranges.

[0085] method Analysis of Microorganisms from Dryer Sheets Microbial Extraction: Extraction of purified microorganisms from spore-containing dryer fabric sheets (SDFS) can be performed in methanol (HPLC grade ≥ 99.9%) as follows: A sheet of SDFS measuring 6.4 inches x 9 inches (1' x w") containing 0.01% w / w spores is cut into four equal pieces using sterile scissors and placed in aluminum foil until needed for use. One of the quarters of the SDFS is then cut into smaller pieces (each less than 1 cm x 1 cm) using sterile scissors and placed in a 4 oz glass jar to which 10 ml of methanol has been added, completely submerging the SDFS piece. After all 10 ml of methanol has been added, the glass jar is swirled by hand for approximately 5 seconds to create a stock solution, which is assigned a dilution of 100. The same extraction process is repeated with the other three-quarters of the sheet to create four stock solutions, each assigned a dilution of 100.

[0086] Serial Dilutions: After swirling each stock solution by hand for 5 seconds, 1 ml is aseptically removed from the 4 oz glass jar and transferred to a test tube containing 9 ml of 0.85% saline solution to achieve a 10-fold dilution, then vortexed for 30 seconds to mix. The first dilution tube contains the 10-fold dilution. -1or 1 / 10. Serial dilutions are repeated in the next tube by aseptically transferring 1 ml from the previous dilution into 9 ml of 0.85% saline solution, and a 10 -1 ~10 -10 Vortex between dilutions until the dilution factor is reached. Repeat this process with the other three starting stock solutions.

[0087] Plating: The spread plate method can be used to quantify the amount of purified microorganisms. Aseptically, 10 ml of each dilution is plated. -1 ~10 -10 One milliliter of the spread is taken and plated onto an appropriately labeled agar plate. The agar plate contains the required medium to promote the growth of the purifying microorganism, such as tryptic soy agar (TSA, G60BX Hardy Diagnostics) for general-purpose non-selective agar, or nutrient yeast salts medium (NYSM, 470180-702 (VWR)) for selective growth of organisms such as Bacillus purifying microorganisms. The spread plate is then covered, inverted, and placed in an incubator (model: Heratherm IMH60-S, SN: 41927867) at 37°C for 16-24 hours, or an appropriate incubation period to support microbial growth and colony proliferation. After the appropriate time, each agar plate is examined without opening to locate individual colonies. Plates with countable colonies (30-300 individual colonies) are counted and the colony-forming units (CFU) corresponding to their dilution factor are recorded. The number of microorganisms (CFU) per milliliter or gram of sample from each aliquot is calculated by dividing the colony count by the corresponding dilution factor using the following formula:

[0088] Formula 1: CFU / ml = (number of countable colonies x dilution factor) / volume of culture plate (ml)

[0089] To reflect the precision of the plating method, CFU / ml is reported to no more than two significant figures.

[0090] The CFU / ml in Equation 1 corresponds to the CFU per quarter of the dryer sheet. The total CFU for the entire dryer sheet is calculated by summing all the CFU from each quarter using the following formula:

[0091] Formulation 2: Total CFU per dryer sheet = CFU (1st 1 / 4 + 2nd 1 / 4 + 3rd 1 / 4 + 4th 1 / 4)

[0092] To calculate the CFU per weight of dryer sheet, the following formula is used:

[0093] Formulation 3: CFU per gram of dryer sheet = (total CFU per sheet) / (weight of dryer sheet in grams). [Example]

[0094] Example 1: Preparation of a spore-infused fabric treatment composition (Sp-i-FTC) A fabric treatment composition (FTC) containing a mixture of di(tallowoxyethyl)hydroxyethylmethylammonium methyl sulfate and perfume oil was used to prepare a spore-containing fabric treatment composition (Table 1) by weighing 99.99 g of the fabric treatment composition into a glass jar and melting it overnight in an oven at 70°C. The glass jar of melted fabric treatment composition was placed in a water bath (VWR 10 L, model number: 97025-134) set at 70°C. An approximately 2 L VWR glass beaker with 500 ml of DI water was heated to 70°C on a hot plate (Cole-Parmer hot plate model number: 03407-10) to maintain the temperature of the molten fabric treatment composition throughout the process.

[0095] To inject the spore powder, a pre-weighed amount of the base fabric treatment composition in a glass jar was placed on a hot plate set at 70°C. Using an overhead stirrer (IKA RW20, model number: RW 20DS1) equipped with an impeller blade, the fabric treatment composition was thoroughly mixed at 360 rpm to create a small vortex during mixing and melt a homogenous fabric treatment composition. While mixing, 0.01 g of accurately weighed Bacillus spore powder (7.02 x 10 2 CFU / g) was added to the FTC. After the final amount of 0.01 g of bacillus spore powder mixture was added, mixing was continued for at least 5 minutes to ensure complete incorporation and achieve a completely homogenous spore-infused fabric treatment composition (Sp-i-FTC). If the molten Sp-i-FTC was not to be used immediately, it was poured onto a sheet of aluminum foil and allowed to cool completely. The Sp-i-FTC was further inspected for any potential inhomogeneity or other signs that the bacillus spore powder mixture was not completely dispersed. Once the Sp-i-FTC had cooled, it was broken into small chunks by hand and stored in a glass jar until needed for use. The procedure was repeated for control Fabric Treatment Composition 2 using no bacillus spore powder, as shown in Table 1.

[0096] [Table 1]

[0097] Example 2: Preparation of dryer fabric sheets using spore-infused fabric treatment compositions (FTCs) A 6.4" x 9" dryer sheet (nonwoven substrate) was placed on a balance (Mettler Toledo, Model Number: PG503-5) and its weight on the balance, 0.65±0.01 g, was tared to zero and one of the application procedures was followed (Composition 1, Table 2): (A) For liquid FTC: Molten Sp-i-FTC was used within 30 min to 1 h of preparation. The Sp-i-FTC molten state was maintained by keeping it in a 70 °C water bath (VWR 10 L, model number: 97025-134) during the process. Using a pipette, 1.5 g was dispensed onto a desiccator sheet placed on a custom-made aluminum cover plate for the water bath and spread evenly with a metal spatula to cover the entire desiccator sheet area. The coated desiccator sheet should weigh 1.50 ± 0.05 g on a balance tared to 0 with the desiccator sheet before coating with Sp-i-FTC. (B) For solid FTC: Approximately 1.50 g of Sp-i-FTC was accurately weighed and transferred onto a custom-made aluminum cover plate equilibrated to 80 °C by covering a water bath (VWR 10 L, model number: 97025-134) with the aluminum cover plate. The Sp-i-FTC was spread around the flat metal cover until it was uniformly melted over a marked area equal to the size of the dryer sheet. The dryer sheet was placed on top of the molten Sp-i-FTC, and the molten Sp-i-FTC was absorbed into the dryer sheet. The dryer sheet was turned over and the SP-i-FTC was absorbed onto the other side to achieve a complete coating. The weight of the coated dryer sheet was monitored periodically until the desired amount of SP-i-FTC was absorbed into the dryer sheet. If necessary, the procedure was repeated by adding additional SP-i-FTC until the dryer sheet was coated with 1.50±0.05 g of SP-i-FTC, as determined by weighing on a balance tared to 0 with the dryer sheet prior to the coating process. To achieve the desired coated dryer sheet weight, any excess SP-i-FTC relative to the target amount was removed by placing the coated dryer sheet on an aluminum cover plate at 80°C and melting off the excess. The coated dryer sheet was wrapped in aluminum foil, sealed, and stored at ambient room temperature until needed for testing. Procedures A or B were repeated using a spore-free fabric treatment composition for the control sample (Composition 2), while Composition 3 was substrate only, lacking both the fabric treatment composition and spores.

[0098] [Table 2]

[0099] Test 1: Spore viability test on finished spore dryer fabric sheets (SDFS) The viability of spores from spore dryer fabric sheets (SDFS) was confirmed by agar impression. Approximately 2" x 3" SDFS cuttings from Composition 1 were cut and pressed onto nutrient yeast salt medium (NYSM) agar. NYSM agar is a selective medium that promotes the growth of Bacillus strains. The impression was made by placing the 2" x 3" cutting on the center of the agar surface for a contact time of 10 seconds and applying very gentle pressure that did not dent or break the agar surface. The 2" x 3" cutting was removed and the NYSM agar was incubated at 37°C under ambient air conditions in an Innova42 Aerobic incubator to allow the transferred spores to grow overnight. This procedure was repeated with the 2" x 3" cuttings from Compositions 2 & 3. Bacillus Sp colonies were observed only for Composition 1.

[0100] Test 2: Spore viability and migration in a tumble dryer Spore transfer from a spore dryer fabric sheet (SDFS, Composition 1) was demonstrated by wetting a sterile cotton terry (6.4 x 9 inches) with water. The SDFS (Composition 1) with wet cotton terry was tumble dried in a MAYTAG commercial dryer for 60 minutes on high heat, including cooling, settings for whites and colors. A control experiment was run separately in a second dryer using Composition 1 alone in the absence of terry. After 60 minutes, impressions of Composition 1 and terry, as well as Composition 1 without terry, were made on HiChrome Bacillus agar. It was observed that the amount of spores remaining on the SDFS dried in the absence of terry was significantly greater than the amount of spores remaining on the SDFS dried with terry.

[0101] Test 3: Odor Reduction Test. Consumer products with strong malodors Towels with strong malodors were provided by consumers and cut into quarters. The towel sections were aseptically moistened with 7 gpg sterile water. For each test, one-quarter of the moistened towel and two SDFS were placed in a mesh laundry bag to increase contact during rotation. After 60 minutes of tumble drying, the dried towel sections were placed in a clean bag for olfactory evaluation and ranked by malodor intensity at different times: within 1 hour, and after 24, 48, 72, and >96 hours by five volunteer judges. The rankings were averaged to generate a 5-point scale compared to the initial strong malodor of the untreated towels over time.

[0102] [Table 3]

[0103] Dimensions and values ​​disclosed herein should not be understood as being strictly limited to the exact numerical values ​​recited. Instead, unless otherwise indicated, each such dimension is intended to mean both the recited value and a functionally equivalent range surrounding that value. For example, a dimension disclosed as "40 mm" is intended to mean "approximately 40 mm."

Claims

1. 1. A method for treating fabrics in a dryer, comprising: a) placing the fabric in the dryer; b) placing at least 1 x 10 ２ and providing CFUs of decontamination microorganisms.

2. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the purification microorganism comprises a bacterium, preferably a Bacillus, more preferably a Bacillus selected from the group consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus, and combinations thereof.

3. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the cleaning microorganisms are in a vegetative state or in the form of spores.

4. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cleaning microorganisms comprise bacterial spores, preferably Bacillus spores.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the purifying microorganisms are supplied into the dryer from a solid carrier.

6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the solid support is a dryer sheet or a solid pellet.

7. The substrate, the fabric treatment composition, and about 1 x 10 per gram of dryer sheet ２ ~Approx. 1×10 ９ CFU of cleaning microorganisms, preferably about 1 x 10 per gram of dryer sheet ３ ~Approx. 1×10 ６ and CFU purifying microorganisms.

8. 8. The dryer sheet of claim 7, wherein the cleaning microorganism comprises a bacterial spore, preferably a Bacillus, more preferably a Bacillus selected from the group consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus pumilus, and combinations thereof.

9. The dryer sheet according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the substrate is a nonwoven fabric.

10. The dryer sheet according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the substrate comprises at least a first layer and a second layer, and preferably a plurality of embossments on the first layer and the second layer, and the purifying microorganisms penetrate through the embossments into the first layer and the second layer.

11. The dryer sheet of any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the fabric treatment composition comprises a fabric softening composition and the cleaning microorganisms comprise Bacillus spores.

12. The dryer sheet of any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the fabric treatment composition comprises a quaternary ammonium compound.

13. A process for forming the dryer sheet of any one of claims 7 to 12, comprising: providing a nonwoven fibrous web having a top surface, an opposed bottom surface, and a pair of web cross-edges; applying a cleaning microorganism, preferably Bacillus spores, to said upper surface; folding the nonwoven fibrous web toward the upper surface about a fold line dividing the first and second layers to align the web cross-edges with one another so that the second layer is above the first layer; Preferably, joining the web crossing edges together; and cutting the nonwoven fibrous web to form the dryer sheet.

14. 14. The process of claim 13, further comprising embossing the first layer and the second layer such that the purifying microorganisms completely penetrate the first layer and the second layer.

15. Approximately 1×10 per gram of the solid carrier ２ ~Approx. 1×10 ９ CFU, preferably about 1 x 10 ３ ~Approx. 1×10 ６ 1. Use of a solid carrier containing CFUs of decontaminating microorganisms, preferably Bacillus spores, to treat fabrics in a dryer to provide fabric malodor control while the fabric is in use.

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