Fabric treating agent for degreasing and oil removal as well as preparation method and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a degreasing and deoiling fabric treating agent as well as a preparation method and a use method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fabric treatment. According to the invention, by adjusting the variety and dosage of each component, alkyl glycoside and fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate are utilized to efficiently emulsify residual grease in a citric acid optimized pH environment, meanwhile, white carbon black continuously adsorbs released grease molecules, and bio-enzyme released by the bio-enzyme microcapsule in a delayed manner decomposes the grease molecules and protein, so that the residual grease can be effectively emulsified; the fabric treating agent has the advantages of simple preparation process, realization of the dual effects of physical adsorption and biological decomposition, reduction of the damage to fibers, guarantee of the water absorption and softness of fabrics, substantial improvement of the degreasing and deoiling effects of the fabric treating agent, wide raw material source, harmlessness to the environment and human body, and green and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fabric treatment, in particular to a degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent and a preparation method and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Degreasing is a critical process in the textile industry. Textile raw materials, such as cotton and wool, may become contaminated with grease during production and processing. This grease not only affects the quality of the raw materials but also forms a hydrophobic barrier on the fiber surface, hindering dye penetration, leading to color spots, color shifts, and decreased color fastness during dyeing. For example, residual oil on polyester fabrics can easily produce a "white haze" after dyeing. During printing, grease can affect the spreading of the paste and the adhesion of the color paste, resulting in reduced pattern clarity and color bleeding. During post-finishing, functional finishing agents such as softeners and water repellents require full contact with the fiber surface to be effective, and grease residue can weaken the finishing effect. For example, if a water repellent is blocked by grease, it can result in uneven waterproofing of the fabric. Therefore, the presence of grease can interfere with subsequent dyeing and finishing processes. Furthermore, the presence of grease can cause textile machinery to operate poorly, impacting production efficiency. Furthermore, the long-term adhesion of grease and impurities to machinery can cause corrosion and wear, shortening its service life.

[0003] In the textile industry, existing methods for degreasing and oiling fabrics are primarily categorized into four main categories: chemical, biological, physical, and emerging technologies. Chemical methods present technical challenges such as fiber damage, pollution, cost, and re-staining (when treating polyester knitted fabrics with traditional overflow dyeing machines, oil easily reattaches and forms white spots). Enzymatic methods offer minimal pollution and require mild conditions, but they suffer from low efficiency, instability, and high costs, and require strict control of process parameters to ensure effectiveness. Mechanical cleaning, a physical method, is ineffective at removing deep oil stains from complex fabrics (such as embroidered fabrics). Emerging technologies face application barriers. Supercritical fluid treatments are expensive, require precise temperature and pressure control, and are difficult to scale up. Plasma treatments pose a high risk of surface damage to fabrics, and treatment uniformity needs to be improved. Furthermore, the modern textile industry is increasingly prioritizing environmental protection and sustainable development. Therefore, providing an effective fabric treatment agent for degreasing and oiling fabrics that reduces harm to the environment and human health is a pressing need. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent and a preparation method and a use method thereof. The fabric treatment agent provided by the present invention has excellent degreasing and oil-removing effects, is green and environmentally friendly, and is harmless to the environment and human body.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The invention provides a degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent, which is prepared by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 2-10 parts of white carbon black, 0.5-4 parts of alkyl glycoside, 1-4 parts of sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 0.2-1.2 parts of citric acid, 0.05-0.4 parts of biological enzyme microcapsules, and 80-110 parts of deionized water.

[0007] Preferably, the preparation method comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3-8 parts of white carbon black, 0.8-3 parts of alkyl glycoside, 1.5-3.5 parts of sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 0.3-1 parts of citric acid, 0.06-0.36 parts of biological enzyme microcapsules, and 85-105 parts of deionized water.

[0008] Preferably, the biological enzymes in the biological enzyme microcapsules include neutral protease and room-temperature lipase; the mass ratio of the neutral protease to the room-temperature lipase is 1:(1-4).

[0009] Preferably, the method for preparing the bio-enzyme microcapsules comprises the following steps:

[0010] Neutral protease, room temperature lipase, deionized water and beta-cyclodextrin are mixed, homogenized under heating conditions, and spray-dried to obtain bioenzyme microcapsules.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the neutral protease, water and β-cyclodextrin is 1: (10-40): (5-15).

[0012] Preferably, the mass ratio of the neutral protease, water and β-cyclodextrin is 1: (13-35): (6-12).

[0013] Preferably, the heating temperature is 40-48° C.; and the homogenization time is 20-40 min.

[0014] Preferably, the equipment used for the spray drying is a low-temperature spray dryer; the temperature of the spray drying is 35-50°C.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the fabric treating agent described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0016] Firstly, biological enzyme microcapsules are prepared, and then the biological enzyme microcapsules are mixed with alkyl glycoside and sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, deionized water is added, and white carbon black and citric acid are added under stirring conditions to obtain a degreasing and oil-removing fabric treating agent.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for using the fabric treatment agent described in the above technical solution. Before using, the degreased and oil-removed fabric treatment agent is stirred evenly, and during use, ultrasonic oscillation is performed simultaneously.

[0018] The invention provides a degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent, which is prepared by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 2-10 parts of white carbon black, 0.5-4 parts of alkyl glycoside, 1-4 parts of sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 0.2-1.2 parts of citric acid, 0.05-0.4 parts of biological enzyme microcapsules, and 80-110 parts of deionized water. The present invention utilizes the porous structure and high specific surface area of ​​white carbon black to strongly adsorb oil molecules. Its micron-sized particles generate moderate friction during degreasing and oil removal, assisting in stripping the oil film on the fiber surface. The non-ionic properties of alkyl glycoside enable it to reduce the oil-water interfacial tension and emulsify large oil droplets into micron-sized particles. Alkyl glycoside can also enhance penetration. The hydroxyl groups in its molecules form hydrogen bonds with the fibers, helping active ingredients penetrate into the fiber interior. Its biodegradability is greater than 98%, and it is non-irritating to the skin and the environment. The foam stability of sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate forms a balance with the foam suppression property of alkyl glycoside. The simultaneous addition of the two significantly enhances the surface activity effect, thereby improving the degreasing and oil removal effect. Citric acid can stabilize the system at a weak acidity, inhibit the oxidation and cross-linking of oils, and prevent the solidification of oil stains. Citric acid can also assist in the complexation of Ca 2+ / Mg 2+ The mild acidic environment of lemon acid reduces damage to protein fibers (silk / wool) caused by alkaline conditions, significantly enhancing the surface activity of the alkyl glycoside and preventing yellowing of fabrics after degreasing. The bioenzyme microcapsules protect the encapsulated bioenzymes. During use, the bioenzyme microcapsules rub against silica and fabric, releasing the encapsulated bioenzymes that decompose grease and protein. By adjusting the types and amounts of the components, the present invention utilizes alkyl glycoside and sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate to efficiently emulsify residual grease under a citric acid-optimized pH environment. Simultaneously, silica continuously adsorbs the released grease molecules, and the bioenzyme released during friction with silica and fabric decomposes the grease molecules and protein, achieving the dual effects of physical adsorption and biodegradation. This minimizes fiber damage while ensuring the water absorption and softness of the fabric, significantly enhancing the degreasing and oil removal effectiveness of the fabric treatment agent. Furthermore, the present invention utilizes a wide range of raw materials, is harmless to the environment and human body, and is environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The figure is a statistical chart of the grease removal rate of the fabric treatment agents in Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The invention provides a degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent, which is prepared by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 2-10 parts of white carbon black, 0.5-4 parts of alkyl glycoside, 1-4 parts of sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 0.2-1.2 parts of citric acid, 0.05-0.4 parts of biological enzyme microcapsules, and 80-110 parts of deionized water.

[0021] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used are conventional commercial products in the field.

[0022] In the present invention, the degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent is prepared by including the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3-8 parts of white carbon black, 0.8-3 parts of alkyl glycoside, 1.5-3.5 parts of sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 0.3-1 parts of citric acid, 0.06-0.36 parts of biological enzyme microcapsules, and 85-105 parts of deionized water.

[0023] In the present invention, the average particle size of the white carbon black is preferably 20-50 nm; the specific surface area of ​​the white carbon black is preferably 150-300 m 2 / g. In the present invention, the bioenzyme microcapsules contain a neutral protease and a room-temperature lipase. The mass ratio of the neutral protease to the room-temperature lipase is preferably 1:(1-4), more preferably 1:(2-3). The present invention controls the mass ratio of the neutral protease to the room-temperature lipase within the above range to achieve a synergistic effect in decomposing oils and fats.

[0024] In the present invention, the method for preparing the bio-enzyme microcapsules comprises the following steps:

[0025] Neutral protease, room temperature lipase, deionized water and beta-cyclodextrin are mixed, homogenized under heating conditions, and spray-dried to obtain bioenzyme microcapsules.

[0026] In the present invention, the neutral protease, room temperature lipase, deionized water and β-cyclodextrin are preferably mixed in the following manner: β-cyclodextrin is dissolved in deionized water partially heated to 60°C, ultrasonically treated to remove bubbles, and cooled to 40~48°C to obtain a β-cyclodextrin solution; the neutral protease and room temperature lipase are mixed, and then dissolved in a phosphate buffer containing 1wt% trehalose at a pH of 7.0 to obtain an enzyme solution; the enzyme solution is added dropwise to the cyclodextrin solution and magnetically stirred at 4°C~10°C for 2~4h.

[0027] The present invention utilizes a phosphate buffer solution containing 1 wt% trehalose at a pH of 7.0 to dissolve neutral protease and room-temperature lipase, thereby improving the performance stability of the neutral protease and room-temperature lipase during the preparation of bio-enzyme microcapsules.

[0028] In the present invention, the mass ratio of the neutral protease, water, and β-cyclodextrin is preferably 1:(10-40):(5-15), and more preferably 1:(13-35):(6-12). The amounts of the three components are controlled within the above range to achieve a better β-cyclodextrin coating effect on the neutral protease and room-temperature lipase.

[0029] In the present invention, the heating temperature is 40-48° C. and the homogenization time is 20-40 min. The present invention uniformly coats the neutral protease and the room-temperature lipase with β-cyclodextrin through homogenization to form bio-enzyme capsules with uniform particle size.

[0030] In the present invention, the equipment used for spray drying is preferably a low-temperature spray dryer; the temperature of the spray drying is preferably 35-50° C. In the present invention, the average particle size of the bio-enzyme microcapsules is preferably 10-50 μm.

[0031] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the fabric treating agent described in the above technical solution, comprising the following steps:

[0032] Firstly, biological enzyme microcapsules are prepared, and then the biological enzyme microcapsules are mixed with alkyl glycoside and sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, deionized water is added, and white carbon black and citric acid are added under stirring conditions to obtain a degreasing and oil-removing fabric treating agent.

[0033] The present invention also provides a method for using the fabric treatment agent described in the above technical solution. Before using, the degreased and oil-removed fabric treatment agent is stirred evenly, and during use, ultrasonic oscillation is performed simultaneously.

[0034] The present invention performs ultrasonic oscillation while using the degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent, thereby further improving the degreasing and oil-removing effect.

[0035] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] A degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 4 parts of white carbon black, 1 part of alkyl glycoside, 2 parts of sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 0.5 parts of citric acid, 0.16 parts of biological enzyme microcapsules, and 95 parts of deionized water.

[0038] The average particle size of the white carbon black is 25 nm; the specific surface area of ​​the white carbon black is preferably 180 m2 / g;

[0039] The preparation method of the bio-enzyme microcapsules comprises the following steps: dissolving β-cyclodextrin in deionized water heated to 60°C, removing bubbles by ultrasonic treatment, and cooling to 45°C to obtain a β-cyclodextrin solution; mixing a neutral protease and a room-temperature lipase, and dissolving the mixture in a phosphate buffer solution containing 1wt% trehalose at a pH of 7.0 to obtain an enzyme solution; dropwise adding the enzyme solution to the cyclodextrin solution, magnetically stirring at 6°C for 2h, and then homogenizing at 45°C for 30min, and spray-drying the mixture at 45°C using a low-temperature spray dryer to obtain bio-enzyme microcapsules with an average particle size of 15μm.

[0040] The preparation method of the above-mentioned degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent comprises the following steps: first preparing bio-enzyme microcapsules, then mixing the bio-enzyme microcapsules with alkyl glycoside and sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, then adding deionized water, and adding white carbon black and citric acid under stirring conditions to obtain the degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] A degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent, which differs from Example 1 in that 0.26 parts of biological enzyme microcapsules are contained.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent, which differs from Example 1 in that 0.36 parts of biological enzyme microcapsules are contained.

[0045] Example 4

[0046] A degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent, which differs from Example 1 in that it contains 6 parts of white carbon black.

[0047] Example 5

[0048] A degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent, which differs from Example 1 in that it contains 8 parts of white carbon black.

[0049] Comparative Example 1

[0050] A fabric treating agent, which differs from Example 1 in that white carbon black is not added.

[0051] Comparative Example 2

[0052] A fabric treating agent, which differs from Example 1 in that no biological enzyme microcapsules are added.

[0053] Comparative Example 3

[0054] A fabric treating agent, which differs from Example 1 in that no fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate is added.

[0055] The same pure cotton fabrics were degreased and deoiled using the fabric treatment agents in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, respectively: the fabrics were immersed in water, and then the stirred fabric treatment agent was poured into the water, stirred evenly, and ultrasonically vibrated at 40° C. for 30 minutes. After rinsing twice, the fabrics were naturally dried.

[0056] The Soxhlet extraction method (standard method) was used to quantitatively analyze the grease removal rate: the fabrics before and after treatment were Soxhlet extracted with petroleum ether (boiling range 60-90°C) for 6 hours, and the residual grease was weighed after evaporation of the solvent;

[0057] Calculation formula: Removal rate = (1 − residual oil amount after treatment / residual oil amount before treatment) × 100%;

[0058] The contact angles of the fabric before and after treatment were measured using a water droplet (polar) and diiodomethane (non-polar), and the surface energy was calculated using the Owens-Wendt model.

[0059] The water absorption test (AATCC 79) was used to test the water absorption of the fabric before and after treatment: 0.1 mL of water was dropped onto the fabric and the time for complete penetration was recorded. Each test was repeated three times and the average value was taken. The test results are shown in Table 1 and Figure 1 .

[0060] Table 1 Treatment performance of fabric treatment agents in Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3

[0061] In summary, the fabric treatment agent provided by the present invention has excellent degreasing and oil removal effects, is green and environmentally friendly, harmless to the environment and human body, and improves the water absorption of the treated fabric.

[0062] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 2-10 parts of white carbon black, 0.5-4 parts of alkyl glycoside, 1-4 parts of sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 0.2-1.2 parts of citric acid, 0.05-0.4 parts of biological enzyme microcapsules, and 80-110 parts of deionized water.

2. The fabric treating agent according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 3-8 parts of white carbon black, 0.8-3 parts of alkyl glycoside, 1.5-3.5 parts of sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, 0.3-1 parts of citric acid, 0.06-0.36 parts of biological enzyme microcapsules, and 85-105 parts of deionized water.

3. The fabric treating agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The biological enzymes in the biological enzyme microcapsules include neutral protease and room-temperature lipase; the mass ratio of the neutral protease to the room-temperature lipase is 1:(1-4).

4. The fabric treating agent according to claim 3, characterized in that The preparation method of the bio-enzyme microcapsules comprises the following steps: Neutral protease, room temperature lipase, deionized water and beta-cyclodextrin are mixed, homogenized under heating conditions, and spray-dried to obtain bioenzyme microcapsules.

5. The fabric treating agent according to claim 4, characterized in that The mass ratio of the neutral protease, water and β-cyclodextrin is 1: (10-40): (5-15).

6. The fabric treating agent according to claim 5, characterized in that The mass ratio of the neutral protease, water and β-cyclodextrin is 1: (13-35): (6-12).

7. The fabric treating agent according to claim 4, characterized in that The heating temperature is 40-48° C.; the homogenization time is 20-40 min.

8. The fabric treating agent according to claim 4, wherein: The equipment used for the spray drying is a low-temperature spray dryer; the temperature of the spray drying is 35-50°C.

9. A method for preparing the fabric treating agent according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Firstly, biological enzyme microcapsules are prepared, and then the biological enzyme microcapsules are mixed with alkyl glycoside and sodium fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, deionized water is added, and white carbon black and citric acid are added under stirring conditions to obtain a degreasing and oil-removing fabric treating agent.

10. A method for using the fabric treating agent according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Before using, the degreasing and oil-removing fabric treatment agent is stirred evenly, and during use, ultrasonic oscillation is performed simultaneously.

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