Shaft construction device and shaft construction method

Abstract

To provide a shaft construction device 1 and a shaft construction method capable of efficiently digging a hole bottom part Hb.SOLUTION: A shaft construction device 1, including an excavation mechanism section 40 for drilling a hole bottom part Hb and a support mechanism section 30 for hanging and supporting the excavation mechanism section 40, is arranged below an annular liner plate P built underground and constructs a shaft underground by extending the liner plate P in a height direction. The support mechanism section 30 comprises: a central support part 33 for supporting the excavation mechanism section 40; a support frame 31 having a plurality of support beams 34 extending from the central support part 33 toward a porous wall Hw; and a plurality of support leg parts 32 extending from the support beams 34 toward the hole bottom part Hb, the plurality of support leg parts 32 being configured to be expanded / contracted in a height direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a shaft construction device and a shaft construction method for constructing a shaft by extending an annular lining material in the vertical direction underground. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, there is a deep foundation method in which a ring-shaped lining material such as a liner plate is extended vertically to construct a vertical shaft underground. Specifically, this is a construction method in which a shaft is constructed by excavating the bottom of a hole and protecting the excavated hole wall with a ring-shaped lining material, and this process is repeated up to a predetermined depth.The construction method described in Patent Document 1 is one such method.

[0003] In more detail, in Patent Document 1, a drilling mechanism unit placed inside an existing liner plate assembled into a cylindrical shape drills the bottom of the hole, and once drilling to a depth corresponding to one ring is completed, a new liner plate is assembled below the existing liner plate. This process is repeated up to the specified depth to construct a shaft of the specified depth.

[0004] In Patent Document 1, a cylindrical guide shaft is fixed inside an existing liner plate, and an excavation mechanism unit that moves up and down inside the guide shaft is pressed against the inner surface of the guide shaft and fixed therein, thereby positioning the excavation mechanism unit at a desired vertical position.

[0005] In Patent Document 1, a guide shaft whose lower end is spaced upward from the hole bottom extends downward as the hole bottom is excavated, thereby making it possible to move the excavation mechanism downward. In this case, in Patent Document 1, the excavation mechanism is moved from inside the guide shaft to the outside of the mine, and then the guide shaft is extended downward.

[0006] In this case, in Patent Document 1, the drilling mechanism needs to be moved back and forth between the drilling position and the outside of the hole every time the guide shaft is extended, which poses a problem of poor drilling efficiency at the bottom of the hole. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 5-52087 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a shaft construction device and a shaft construction method that can efficiently excavate the bottom of a hole. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] This invention is a shaft construction device that is arranged below an annular lining material constructed underground and is equipped with an excavation mechanism unit that excavates the bottom of a hole and a support mechanism unit that suspends and supports the excavation mechanism unit, and that extends the lining material in a height direction to construct a shaft in the ground, and the support mechanism unit is equipped with a support frame having a central support unit that supports the excavation mechanism unit and a plurality of support beams that extend from the central support unit toward the hole wall, and a plurality of support legs that extend from the support beams toward the hole bottom, and the plurality of support legs are configured to be extendable and contractible in the height direction, The support beam is provided with an inner beam that is extendable toward the hole wall, and the inner beam is configured to be able to be pressed against the hole wall, and the support leg is configured to be extendable and contractable by an outer leg fixed to the support beam and an inner leg that can be inserted and removed from below the outer leg, and an enclosing member is provided above the lower end of the outer leg that can extend the inner beam radially outward and press it against the hole wall, and that integrally encloses the plurality of support legs along the hole wall. It is characterized by:

[0010] The above-mentioned annular shape refers to an annular shape that is generally circular in plan view, an annular shape that is generally oval in plan view, an annular shape that is generally elliptical in plan view, an annular shape that is generally rectangular in plan view, or an annular shape that is generally polygonal in plan view. The lining material refers to liner plates, segments, sprayed concrete, or the like.

[0011] According to this invention, for example, by extending each of the support legs in accordance with the unevenness of the hole bottom, the drilling mechanism unit suspended and supported by the support frame can be stably supported at the desired vertical position.

[0012] Furthermore, since the support frame is lowered by retracting the support legs as the bottom of the hole is excavated, the shaft construction device can lower the excavation mechanism unit suspended and supported by the support frame as the bottom of the hole is excavated.

[0013] Therefore, for example, in a configuration in which the drilling mechanism is supported at the tip of a support member that extends downward as drilling progresses, the drilling mechanism needs to be moved outside the mine each time the support member is extended, whereas the shaft construction device of the present invention can dig the bottom of the hole without moving the drilling mechanism outside the mine. This allows the shaft construction device to continuously excavate the bottom of the hole using the excavation mechanism, thereby enabling the hole bottom to be excavated efficiently.

[0014] Also, The support beam is configured to be extendable and retractable toward the hole wall and to be retractable and retractable relative to the hole wall. The beam inner Configured to be pushable Because Cooperation between the support legs and the support beams allows the support frame to be reliably supported at the desired height position, and the support mechanism can absorb the reaction force when drilling the bottom of the hole.

[0015] Furthermore, since the support beam can support the central support part by being tensioned, the shaft construction device can excavate the bottom of the hole without tilting, even if there is a gap between one of the multiple support legs and the bottom of the hole. This allows the shaft construction device to continuously excavate the bottom of the hole in a stable state.

[0016] Furthermore, the support legs are configured to be extendable and contractible, consisting of outer legs fixed to the support beam and inner legs that can be inserted and removed from below the outer legs. This means that the support frame can be supported by support legs with a simple configuration, thereby ensuring a larger working space between the support frame and the bottom of the hole than support legs that deform like a pantograph jack. This allows the shaft construction device to secure a large space for movement of the excavation mechanism, thereby reducing the frequency of extension and contraction of the support legs and enabling efficient excavation of the hole bottom.

[0017] In addition, an enclosure member is provided above the lower end of the outer leg portion, which integrally surrounds the multiple support legs along the hole wall, thereby preventing soil and rocks from the hole wall from flowing into the bottom of the hole.

[0018] Furthermore, when the support legs are fully retracted, the enclosure member does not land on the bottom of the hole, so the shaft construction device can prevent the enclosure member from interfering with the support of the excavation mechanism by the support legs.

[0019] As another aspect of the present invention, the plurality of support legs may be configured to be independently extendable and contractible in the height direction. According to this configuration, by retracting one of the support legs, a gap can be secured between the retracted support leg and the bottom of the hole. This makes it easier for the shaft construction device to excavate the portion of the hole bottom where the support leg comes into contact.

[0020] As another aspect of the present invention, the surrounding member may be divided in the circumferential direction. This configuration makes it easy to assemble the enclosure member, and also makes it possible to dismantle the enclosure member inside the borehole and easily remove it outside the mine.

[0021] As another aspect of the present invention, the excavation mechanism unit may be provided with a plurality of excavation means having different configurations as means for excavating the bottom of the hole. The above-mentioned excavation means refers to a means for digging the ground such as a bucket, a means for excavating rock such as a breaker, etc. Note that excavation means with different configurations refer to excavation means of different types, or excavation means of the same type but different sizes, etc.

[0022] With this configuration, it is possible to excavate the bottom of the hole without replacing the excavation means outside the hole. For example, if the excavation mechanism unit is equipped with a bucket and a breaker as excavation means and rock appears while excavating the bottom of the hole with the bucket, the shaft construction device can use the breaker to excavate the rock and then use the bucket to excavate the bottom of the hole again. This allows the shaft construction device to excavate the hole bottom more efficiently than when the hole bottom is excavated using a single excavation means provided in the excavation mechanism unit.

[0023] In another aspect of the present invention, the excavation mechanism unit may be provided with an arm that pivots about a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the height direction, and a plurality of the excavation means that are connected to the arm so as to be selectively usable.

[0024] According to this configuration, since one arm is provided with a plurality of excavation means, it is possible to configure a more compact excavation mechanism section compared to when a plurality of arms are each provided with an excavation means.

[0025] In another aspect of the present invention, the excavation mechanism unit is provided with a plurality of excavation units each having an arm that pivots around a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the height direction, and the excavation means provided at the tip of the arm, and the excavation means may have a different configuration for each excavation unit.

[0026] According to this configuration, excavation can be performed using an excavation section that is suited to the conditions at the bottom of the hole, making it unnecessary to replace the excavation means. Furthermore, the shaft construction device can excavate the bottom of the hole more efficiently by, for example, operating multiple excavation units simultaneously to excavate the bottom of the hole.

[0027] In another aspect of the present invention, the excavation mechanism unit includes an arm that pivots around a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the height direction, and two excavation units having the excavation means provided at the tip of the arm, and a rotating unit that is suspended and supported by the central support unit and rotates the two excavation units together in a rotational direction around the height direction as a rotational axis, and the two excavation units may be arranged side by side in the perpendicular direction, sandwiching the rotational axis of the rotating unit.

[0028] With this configuration, the drilling means can be moved in a rotational direction with the vertical direction as the rotation axis and in a pivotal direction with the perpendicular direction as the pivot axis, thereby allowing the drilling means to reach the entire bottom of the hole.

[0029] In this case, the rotating unit rotates the two excavation units, which are arranged side by side in perpendicular directions on either side of the rotating unit's rotation axis, as a single unit, so the shaft construction device can maintain the relative positions of the two excavation units constant regardless of the rotation position of the rotating unit.

[0030] This means that the shaft construction device can prevent the operation of one drilling unit from being hindered by the other drilling unit, even when two drilling units are operating simultaneously, allowing it to drill the entire bottom of the hole more efficiently.

[0031] As another aspect of the present invention, the two excavation units may be configured so that the arms are folded in opposite directions about the pivot shaft. According to this configuration, when bending and straightening the two excavation units, for example, it is possible to prevent the excavation means from interfering with each other and hindering the operation of the excavation units.

[0032] As another aspect of the present invention, a remote control unit may be provided for remotely controlling the excavation mechanism unit. This configuration reduces the amount of work that workers have to do inside the hole, improving the working environment.

[0033] Another aspect of the present invention may be provided with a control unit that controls at least the excavation mechanism unit, and a detection unit that detects the condition of the excavation location being excavated by the excavation mechanism unit, and the control unit may be configured to control the excavation of at least the excavation mechanism unit based on the detection results of the detection unit.

[0034] With this configuration, for example, the excavation site can be excavated by an excavation mechanism unit that is automatically controlled. Therefore, the shaft construction device can reduce the amount of work done inside the hole by workers, improving the working environment and achieving high efficiency.

[0035] The present invention also provides a method for constructing a vertical shaft in the ground, which includes a drilling step of drilling a hole bottom using an excavation mechanism unit that is disposed below an annular lining material constructed underground and suspended and supported by a support mechanism unit, and extending the lining material in the height direction to construct a vertical shaft in the ground, The support mechanism comprises a support frame having a central support section that supports the drilling mechanism section, and a plurality of support beams that extend from the central support section toward the hole wall, and a plurality of support legs that extend from the support beams toward the hole bottom, and the plurality of support legs are configured to be extendable and contractible in the height direction, the support beam is provided with an inner beam that is extendable and contractible toward the hole wall, and the inner beam is configured to be able to press against the hole wall, the support legs are configured to be extendable and contractible with outer legs fixed to the support beam and inner legs that can be inserted and removed from below the outer legs, and an enclosure member is provided above the lower end of the outer legs that integrally surrounds the plurality of support legs along the hole wall, and is capable of extending the inner beam radially outward and being able to press against the hole wall, In the excavation step, The aforementioned The support legs extend and contract in the height direction to support the excavation mechanism. The inner beam, which is configured to be extendable and retractable toward the hole wall, is pressed against the hole wall to excavate the hole bottom. It is characterized by:

[0036] According to this invention, for example, by extending each of the support legs in accordance with the unevenness of the hole bottom, the drilling mechanism unit suspended and supported by the support frame can be stably supported at the desired vertical position.

[0037] Furthermore, since the support frame is lowered by retracting the support legs as the bottom of the hole is excavated, the shaft construction method allows the excavation mechanism unit suspended and supported by the support frame to be lowered as the bottom of the hole is excavated.

[0038] Therefore, for example, in a configuration in which the drilling mechanism is supported at the tip of a support member that extends downward as drilling progresses, the drilling mechanism needs to be moved outside the mine every time the support member is extended, whereas the shaft construction method of the present invention makes it possible to excavate the bottom of the hole without moving the drilling mechanism outside the mine. As a result, the shaft construction method allows the drilling mechanism to continuously excavate the bottom of the hole, thereby enabling the bottom of the hole to be excavated efficiently.

[0039] Also ,before In the excavation step, the support beam is configured to be extendable and retractable toward the hole wall. The inner beam is pressed against the hole wall to excavate the hole bottom. In order to Cooperation between the support legs and the support beams allows the support frame to be reliably supported at the desired height position, and the support mechanism can absorb the reaction force when drilling the bottom of the hole.

[0040] Furthermore, since the support beam can support the central support part by being tensioned, the shaft construction method can excavate the bottom of the hole without tilting, even if there is a gap between one of the multiple support legs and the bottom of the hole. This allows the shaft construction method to continuously excavate the bottom of the hole in a stable state.

[0041] In another aspect of the present invention, while the support beam is pressed against the hole wall, one of the multiple support legs may be retracted to excavate the bottom of the hole below that support leg. With this configuration, a gap can be secured between the contracted support leg and the bottom of the hole, making it easier to excavate the portion of the hole bottom where the support leg comes into contact.

[0042] In another aspect of the present invention, in the excavation process, the excavation mechanism unit may excavate the bottom of the hole using one of a plurality of excavation means provided as means for excavating the bottom of the hole, which is appropriate for the condition of the bottom of the hole.

[0043] This configuration allows the bottom of the hole to be excavated without having to replace the excavation means outside the shaft. Therefore, the shaft construction method can excavate the bottom of the hole more efficiently than when the bottom of the hole is excavated using a single excavation means provided in the excavation mechanism unit. [Effects of the Invention]

[0044] The present invention can provide a shaft construction device and a shaft construction method that can efficiently excavate the bottom of a hole. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0045] [Figure 1] Schematic cross-sectional perspective view of the mechanical deep foundation construction method. [Figure 2] Schematic cross-sectional view of the mechanical caisson foundation method at the AA cross section in Figure 1. [Figure 3] FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the operation of the excavation mechanism unit. [Figure 5] FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the operation of the excavation mechanism unit. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a control unit. [Figure 7] Flowchart showing the steps in the mechanical caisson foundation method. [Figure 8]Flowchart showing the steps in the mechanical caisson foundation method. [Figure 9] An explanatory diagram showing the process of the mechanical deep foundation construction method in cross section. [Figure 10] An explanatory diagram showing the process of the mechanical deep foundation construction method in cross section. [Figure 11] An explanatory diagram showing the process of the mechanical deep foundation construction method in cross section. [Figure 12] An explanatory diagram showing a schematic cross section of the backfill work. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an outline of an excavation mechanism section in a second embodiment. [Figure 14] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an outline of an excavation mechanism section in a second embodiment. [Figure 15] FIG. 11 is an external perspective view showing the external appearance of an enclosing member according to a third embodiment. [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the steps of the mechanical caisson foundation method in Example 3 in a schematic cross section. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the steps of the mechanical caisson foundation method in Example 3 in a schematic cross section. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is an external perspective view showing the external appearance of an enclosing member according to another embodiment. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a schematic cross section of a process of a mechanical caisson foundation method in another embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0046] An embodiment of a mechanical caisson foundation method using a shaft construction device 1 will be described below with reference to the drawings. [Example]

[0047] Note that Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional oblique view of the mechanical deep foundation construction method, Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the mechanical deep foundation construction method at the AA arrow cross section in Figure 1, Figure 3 shows a bottom view of the excavation unit 2, Figures 4 and 5 show explanatory diagrams explaining the operation of the excavation mechanism part 40, and Figure 6 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the control unit 3.

[0048] In FIG. 1, the drilling unit 2 and the front side of the liner plate P are shown in a see-through state, and the entire stage 10, part of the head guard 20, and one of the support legs 32 are shown by dashed lines. Furthermore, in FIG. 1, the soil removal bucket 62 is omitted for clarity of illustration.

[0049] In addition, in order to clarify the illustration, the head guard 20 and the earth removal unit 60 are omitted in FIG. 3, and the support leg 32 on the near side is omitted in FIGS.

[0050] First, in the mechanical deep foundation method, the liner plate P that protects the inside of the borehole H formed by excavating the ground G is formed in the shape of a ring that is approximately circular in plan view and has a diameter slightly smaller than that of the borehole H, which is approximately circular in plan view, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

[0051] The liner plate P is formed into a ring shape by assembling a plurality of approximately arc-shaped liner plate sections, each of which has assembly flanges on the four sides of a corrugated thin steel plate.

[0052] In this mechanical deep foundation method, a liner plate section is assembled in a ring shape to the underside of the lowest liner plate P of the existing liner plates P to form a new liner plate P, and the assembled new liner plate P becomes the lowest liner plate P, thereby extending the liner plate P in the vertical direction of the excavation hole H.

[0053] The lowermost liner plate P and the newly assembled liner plate P are assembled with a circumferential offset so that the circumferential connection positions of the liner plate sections do not coincide in the vertical direction.

[0054] Here, to facilitate the following explanation, of the assembled liner plates P, the first ring of liner plates P counting from the ground surface Gs of the ground G, as shown in Figure 2, i.e., the topmost liner plate P inside the ground G, will be referred to as the first ring P1.

[0055] Furthermore, the liner plate P assembled below the first ring P1 is referred to as the second ring P2, the liner plate P assembled below the second ring P2 is referred to as the third ring P3, the liner plate P in the nth ring counting from the ground surface Gs is referred to as the nth ring Pn, and the liner plate P in the lowest row is referred to as the lowest row ring PB.

[0056] Next, we will explain the shaft construction device 1 for forming a predetermined pile hole inside the ground G. The shaft construction device 1 includes a drilling unit 2 (see Figures 1 and 2) that excavates the ground G and forms a borehole H in which the above-mentioned liner plate P is to be installed, and a control unit 3 (see Figure 6) that controls the operation of the drilling unit 2.

[0057] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the drilling unit 2 comprises a stage 10 for a worker M to work inside the borehole H, a head guard 20 to protect the worker M working on the stage 10 from objects falling from above, and a support mechanism part 30 to which the stage 10 and the head guard 20 are fixed on the upper surface.

[0058] Furthermore, the drilling unit 2 is rotatably suspended and supported by the support mechanism part 30, and is equipped with a drilling mechanism part 40 that drills the hole bottom Hb of the drilling hole H, an enclosure member 50 that surrounds the support mechanism part 30, and an earth removal unit 60 that discharges the excavated soil outside the mine.

[0059] The drilling unit 2 is connected to a control unit 3 that controls the operation of the drilling mechanism section 40 and the support mechanism section 30, and is configured to operate the drilling mechanism section 40 and the support mechanism section 30 based on control signals from the control unit 3.

[0060] More specifically, the stage 10 of the drilling unit 2 is a work platform placed on the upper surface of the support mechanism 30. As shown in Fig. 3, this stage 10 is composed of a frame member 11 fixed to the support mechanism 30, and an expanded metal 12 placed on the frame member 11 and having a mesh large enough to allow the space below the frame member 11 to be seen.

[0061] Specifically, the stage 10 is formed in a generally circular shape when viewed from the bottom, with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the liner plate P, and has a passage hole 10a that is generally fan-shaped when viewed from the bottom, through which the soil discharge bucket 62 of the soil discharge unit 60, described later, passes. The passage hole 10a of the stage 10 is formed between two of the three support beams 34 of the support mechanism part 30, which will be described later.

[0062] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the head guard 20 is composed of a support portion 21 extending in the vertical direction at approximately the center of the stage 10 when viewed from above, and a roof portion 22 supported by the support portion 21 at a position spaced a predetermined distance above the stage 10.

[0063] Specifically, the support pillar 21 is a substantially cylindrical body extending in the vertical direction to a height equivalent to about four rings of the liner plate P, and is fixed to the upper surface of the central support part 33 of the support mechanism part 30 described later.

[0064] The inside of the support pillar 21 is connected to the inside of the central support 33, and a hydraulic hose (not shown) is inserted through it to transmit hydraulic energy from a hydraulic pump (not shown) installed outside the hole to the drilling mechanism 40 located below the stage 10.

[0065] On the other hand, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the roof portion 22 has an approximately circular shape in plan view that is approximately similar to the stage 10, which is approximately circular in plan view, and is composed of a frame member (symbol omitted) assembled to the top of the support portion 21 and an expanded metal (symbol omitted) with a mesh large enough to allow the worker M to be seen from outside the hole.

[0066] This roof portion 22 is formed with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the liner plate P and the outer diameter of the stage 10, and in the part facing the through hole 10a of the stage 10, a through hole 20a that is approximately fan-shaped in plan view is formed through which the soil discharge bucket 62 of the soil discharge unit 60 passes. The passage hole 20a of the roof portion 22 is formed to have approximately the same width as the passage hole 10a of the stage 10 in plan view.

[0067] In addition, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the support mechanism part 30 of the drilling unit 2 includes a support frame 31 that supports the stage 10, head guard 20, and drilling mechanism part 40, and three support legs 32 extending downward from the support frame 31.

[0068] More specifically, the support frame 31 is composed of a central support portion 33 disposed substantially in the center in a plan view, and three support beams 34 extending from the central support portion 33 in three directions. As shown in FIG. 3, the central support portion 33 is a disk-shaped member having a diameter approximately half that of the enclosing member 50 described later, and has an internal space through which a hydraulic hose (not shown) extending from the support portion 21 of the head guard 20 is inserted.

[0069] As shown in Figure 3, the three support beams 34 are columnar bodies extending radially from approximately the center of the central support portion 33 when viewed from the bottom, and are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction from approximately the center of the central support portion 33 when viewed from the bottom.

[0070] Specifically, the support beam 34 is, for example, a hydraulic actuator, and is configured to be extendable and contractible in the radial direction by a beam outer 34a fixed to the central support portion 33 and a beam inner 34b that is extended and retracted from the tip of the beam outer 34a.

[0071] Furthermore, the support beam 34 has a thickness in the radial direction and is provided with a curved plate-shaped pressing plate 34c at the tip of the beam inner 34b so as to be able to abut against the inner surface of the liner plate P and the hole wall Hw of the borehole H.

[0072] In addition, when the support beam 34 is in its most compressed state, the length from approximately the center of the central support portion 33 when viewed from the bottom to the radial outside of the pressure plate 34c is formed to be approximately the same as the radius of the enclosure member 50 described below.

[0073] On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the three support legs 32 are columnar bodies extending in the vertical direction, and are disposed on the lower surface of the outer beam member 34a near the tip thereof. Specifically, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the support leg 32 is, for example, a hydraulic actuator, and is configured to be freely expandable and contractible in the vertical direction, with an outer leg 32a fixed to the underside of the outer beam 34a and an inner leg 32b that can be extended and retracted downward from the lower end of the outer leg 32a.

[0074] Furthermore, two brackets 35 to which the enclosing member 50 is fixed are provided at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction on the side surface of the outer leg part 32a. The support mechanism 30 configured as described above is configured so that the three support beams 34 extend and retract independently, and the three support legs 32 extend and retract independently, based on control signals from the control unit 3.

[0075] In addition, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the drilling mechanism part 40 of the drilling unit 2 includes a rotating part 41 that rotates relative to the support mechanism part 30, and a first drilling part 42 and a second drilling part 43 that have different drilling means for drilling the hole bottom Hb.

[0076] More specifically, the rotating part 41 is a generally circular disk-like shape in bottom view that is smaller than the central support part 33, and is arranged coaxially on the underside of the central support part 33. The rotating part 41 is configured to be able to rotate the first digging part 42 and the second digging part 43 integrally in a clockwise direction as viewed from the bottom and a counterclockwise direction as viewed from above, with the rotation axis being in the vertical direction passing through the generally center as viewed from the bottom.

[0077] As shown in FIG. 4, the first excavation unit 42 is made up of a base 421 extending in a predetermined direction, a first arm 422, a second arm 423, and a bucket 424 connected to the tip of the second arm 423. The first arm 422, the second arm 423 and the bucket 424 are configured to be pivotable about a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating part 41, that is, in the horizontal direction.

[0078] Specifically, the first excavation section 42 has a base 421 fixed to the underside of the rotating section 41 so that one end of the base 421 is positioned approximately at the center of the rotating section 41 when viewed from the bottom, one end of the first arm 422 is pivotally connected to the other end of the base 421, one end of the second arm 423 is pivotally connected to the other end of the first arm 422, and the bucket 424 is pivotally connected to the other end of the second arm 423.

[0079] As shown in Figure 4(b), when the first arm 422 and the second arm 423 are folded compactly, the base 421, the first arm 422 and the second arm 423 are connected so that the pivot direction of the first arm 422 relative to the base 421 and the pivot direction of the second arm 423 relative to the first arm 422 are opposite to each other.

[0080] More specifically, as shown by the arrow in Figure 4(a), the first excavation section 42 is connected to the base 421, the first arm 422 and the second arm 423 so that, when viewed from the direction along the pivot axis, the folding direction that brings the first arm 422 closer to the base 421 and the folding direction that brings the second arm 423 closer to the first arm 422 are opposite to each other.

[0081] As shown in FIG. 5, the second excavation section 43 is made up of a base 431 extending in a predetermined direction, a first arm 432, a second arm 433, and a breaker 434 connected to the tip of the second arm 433. The first arm 432, the second arm 433 and the breaker 434 are configured to be pivotable about a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating part 41, that is, in the horizontal direction.

[0082] Specifically, the second excavation section 43 has a base 431 fixed to the underside of the rotating section 41 so that one end of the base 431 is positioned approximately at the center of the rotating section 41 when viewed from the bottom, one end of the first arm 432 is pivotally connected to the other end of the base 431, one end of the second arm 433 is pivotally connected to the other end of the first arm 432, and a breaker 434 is pivotally connected to the other end of the second arm 433.

[0083] As shown in Figure 5(b), when the first arm 432 and the second arm 433 are folded compactly, the second excavation section 43 is connected to the base 431, the first arm 432, and the second arm 433 so that the pivot direction of the first arm 432 relative to the base 431 and the pivot direction of the second arm 433 relative to the first arm 432 are opposite to each other.

[0084] More specifically, as shown by the arrow in Figure 5(a), the second excavation section 43 is connected to the base 431, the first arm 432 and the second arm 433 so that, when viewed from the direction along the pivot axis, the folding direction that brings the first arm 432 closer to the base 431 and the folding direction that brings the second arm 433 closer to the first arm 432 are opposite to each other.

[0085] The second excavation section 43 is arranged so that the folding direction of the first arm 432 and the folding direction of the second arm 433 are opposite to the folding direction of the first arm 422 and the folding direction of the second arm 423 in the first excavation section 42, respectively.

[0086] More specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43 of the above-mentioned configuration are arranged parallel to each other at a predetermined radial distance from each other across approximately the center (rotation axis) of the rotating section 41 when viewed from the bottom, and are arranged side by side so as to be point-symmetrical with the approximately center of the rotating section 41 when viewed from the bottom.

[0087] Therefore, the first digging section 42 and the second digging section 43 are arranged so that when viewed from the direction along the pivot axis, as shown by the arrows in Figures 4(a) and 5(a), if the folding direction of the first arm 422 in the first digging section 42 is counterclockwise, the folding direction of the first arm 432 in the second digging section 43 is clockwise.

[0088] Furthermore, the first digging section 42 and the second digging section 43 are arranged so that when the folding direction of the second arm 423 in the first digging section 42 is clockwise, the folding direction of the second arm 433 in the second digging section 43 is counterclockwise when viewed from the direction along the pivot axis.

[0089] In addition, the enclosure member 50 of the drilling unit 2 is designed to prevent soil and sand from flowing into the hole bottom Hb in the event that the hole wall Hw collapses, and is configured so as not to affect the expansion and contraction of the support leg 32.

[0090] Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the enclosing member 50 is formed in a generally cylindrical shape that integrally surrounds the three support legs 32 above the lower ends of the leg outers 32a of the support legs 32.

[0091] The enclosing member 50 is formed by assembling arc-shaped divided parts, each of which has a frame 52 that serves as a frame material on the outer periphery of an expanded metal 51, into a substantially ring shape. Furthermore, the circumferential connection positions of the divided parts of the enclosing member 50 are set at approximately the same circumferential positions as the support legs 32 , and the frames 52 of the divided parts are fixed to the brackets 35 of the support legs 32 .

[0092] More specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the enclosure member 50 is approximately cylindrical with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the drilling hole H and larger than the diameter of the liner plate P, and is formed with a vertical length that extends from a position slightly above the lower end of the leg outer 32a to the upper surface of the stage 10.

[0093] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, the enclosing member 50 has three openings 50a formed in the support beam 34 at approximately equal intervals in the circumferential direction, which allow the support beam 34 to extend radially outward beyond the enclosing member 50.

[0094] The opening 50a has approximately the same size as the pressure plate 34c provided at the tip of the support beam 34 of the support leg 32, and is formed by cutting out the upper edge so as to recess it downward.

[0095] In addition, the earth removal unit 60 of the excavation unit 2 is a unit for discharging the excavated earth that has been excavated from the hole bottom Hb by the excavation mechanism part 40 from the excavation hole H, and as shown in Figure 2, is composed of a rail 61 that extends upward from the bottom of the enclosure member 50 to above the ground surface Gs, and an earth removal bucket 62 that runs along the rail 61. The soil discharge bucket 62 is configured to be movable in the height direction of the borehole H along the rails 61 by a lifting winch provided on the ground.

[0096] Specifically, the rail 61 is disposed between two of the support beams 34 extending in three directions from the central support part 33 so that the soil dumping bucket 62 passes through the passage hole 10a of the stage 10 and the passage hole 20a of the head guard 20, and is fixed to the liner plate P. The rail 61 is configured to be able to extend downward as the hole bottom Hb is excavated.

[0097] In addition, the control unit 3 that controls the operation of the drilling unit 2 is composed of an operation unit 71 that accepts various operations from the worker M, a display unit 72 that displays various information, a memory unit 73 that stores various information, at least one camera 74 that captures images of the hole bottom Hb, at least one sensor 75 that detects the state of the hole bottom Hb, and a control unit 76 that controls the operation of each part, as shown in Figure 6.

[0098] Although detailed illustration is omitted, the operation unit 71 and the display unit 72 are arranged on the stage 10 so that the worker M on the stage 10 can operate the support mechanism unit 30 and the excavation mechanism unit 40.

[0099] Alternatively, the operation unit 71 and display unit 72 are located on the ground adjacent to the borehole H or in an administrative office away from the construction site so that workers can remotely operate the support mechanism unit 30 and the drilling mechanism unit 40.

[0100] Specifically, the operation unit 71 is composed of various operating levers and buttons, and has the function of accepting operations by workers who operate the support mechanism unit 30 and the excavation mechanism unit 40, and the function of outputting a signal indicating the accepted operation to the control unit 76.

[0101] The display unit 72 is composed of a liquid crystal display or the like, and has the function of displaying various information based on signals from the control unit 76. For example, the display unit 72 has the function of displaying the operating status of the support mechanism unit 30 and the operating status of the excavation mechanism unit 40, the function of displaying video data captured by the camera 74, the function of displaying various information detected by the sensor 75, and the like.

[0102] The storage unit 73 is configured with a hard disk or nonvolatile memory, and has the function of writing and storing various information and the function of reading out various information. The storage unit 73 stores programs for performing various processes.

[0103] The camera 74 is configured by a CCD camera or the like, and has the function of capturing an image of a subject as a moving image based on a control signal from the control unit 76, and the function of outputting an image signal of the captured image of the subject to the control unit 76.

[0104] The camera 74 is positioned so as to capture an image of the hole bottom Hb inside the enclosing member 50 as a subject. The camera 74 may be configured so that the image capturing direction can be changed by an operator operating the operation unit 71.

[0105] The sensor 75 has a function of detecting the excavation status of the hole bottom Hb inside the enclosing member 50 in a non-contact manner. The control unit 76 is composed of hardware such as a CPU and memory, and software such as a control program.

[0106] This control unit 76 has a processing function for sending and receiving various signals to and from the operation unit 71, display unit 72, memory unit 73, camera 74, and sensor 75, and a function for controlling the operation of each unit connected via a specified bus.

[0107] The control unit 3 configured as described above captures an image of the hole bottom Hb inside the enclosing member 50 with the camera 74 based on a control signal from the control unit 76, and displays the video data acquired from the camera 74 on the display unit 72.

[0108] When the worker operates the operating section 71 while looking at the display on the display section 72, the control section 76 of the control unit 3 controls the operation of the support mechanism section 30 based on the signal from the operating section 71, and also controls the operation of the drilling mechanism section 40 to drill the hole bottom Hb.

[0109] Next, a construction method for forming a predetermined pile hole in the ground G using the shaft construction device 1 described above will be described with reference to Figs. Figures 7 and 8 show a flowchart of the steps in the mechanical deep foundation method, Figures 9, 10 and 11 show explanatory diagrams illustrating the steps in the mechanical deep foundation method using schematic cross sections, and Figure 12 shows an explanatory diagram illustrating the backfill work using schematic cross sections. For clarity of illustration, the earth removal unit 60 is omitted from FIGS.

[0110] First, in the mechanical caisson foundation method, as shown in FIG. 7, a head pipe installation work is performed to install a head pipe 100 at a predetermined location in the ground G in order to form a pile hole inside the ground G (step S1). As shown in Figure 9(a), this mouth pipe 100 is constructed by installing a liner plate 100a, which is slightly larger in diameter than the liner plate P, in a borehole H dug into the ground surface Gs, and pouring fixed concrete 100b on the outside diameter of the liner plate 100a.

[0111] When the head pipe installation work is completed, reaction frame installation work is carried out to install the reaction frame 101 on the top of the excavation unit 2 arranged inside the head pipe 100 (step S2). Specifically, the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43 are folded, and the excavation unit 2 with the beam inner 34b and leg inner 32b of the support mechanism section 30 contracted is placed on the radially inner side of the liner plate 100a of the mouth pipe 100, as shown in Figure 9(b).

[0112] Furthermore, a tower-shaped reaction frame 101, the lower ends of which are fixed to the fixed concrete 100b of the nozzle pipe 100, is assembled above the stage 10. At this time, the reaction frame 101 is assembled so that its column members face the support beams 34 of the support mechanism unit 30.

[0113] Once the reaction frame 101 is assembled, the hole bottom excavation work is performed to excavate the hole bottom Hb using the drilling unit 2 supported by the reaction frame 101 (step S3). Specifically, as shown in Figure 9(c), the drilling unit 2 extends the support beam 34 based on a control signal from the control unit 76 and presses it against the pillar member of the reaction frame 101, and then the drilling mechanism unit 40 begins drilling the hole bottom Hb.

[0114] At this time, for example, the bucket 424 of the first excavation unit 42 excavates the hole bottom Hb while the rotational positions of the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43 are changed by the rotation unit 41. Then, if rocks appear at the hole bottom Hb, the breaker 434 of the second excavation unit 43 is used to excavate the hole bottom Hb while breaking the rock.

[0115] Furthermore, when excavating below the support legs 32, one of the three support legs 32 is retracted, the area below that support leg 32 is dug, and then that support leg 32 is extended to contact the dug area (see Figure 9(c)).

[0116] In this way, the first drilling section 42 and the second drilling section 43 are selectively used depending on the condition of the hole bottom Hb, and the support legs 32 are repeatedly extended and retracted to excavate the hole bottom Hb. During this process, the drilling mechanism section 40 of the drilling unit 2 is supported on the reaction frame 101 by the support mechanism section 30, so that the position of the drilled hole H in the height direction does not change even when the hole bottom Hb is excavated.

[0117] Therefore, if the hole bottom Hb continues to be excavated, it becomes difficult for the bucket 424 and breaker 434 to reach the hole bottom Hb, and the hole bottom Hb cannot be excavated. Therefore, as shown in Figure 9(d), based on a control signal from the control unit 76, the excavation unit 2 folds the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43 and retracts the support beam 34, and then retracts all of the support legs 32 to move the excavation mechanism section 40 downward.

[0118] When the support legs 32 are retracted and the drilling mechanism 40 is moved downward, the drilling unit 2 again extends the support beams 34 to press them against the reaction frame 101, and then resumes drilling the hole bottom Hb. This is repeated until the hole bottom Hb is dug down until the stage 10 is positioned below the ground surface Gs, and then a surface ring assembly process is performed to construct a surface ring PA that protrudes above the ground surface Gs (step S4).

[0119] This surface ring PA is composed of a liner plate P attached to a reaction frame 101 as a support jig for constructing a first ring P1 inside the borehole H. Specifically, as shown in Figure 10(a), after lowering the height of the reaction frame 101, the liner plate P is assembled to the reaction frame 101 so that its lower end is positioned at the height of the ground surface Gs to form the ground surface ring PA.

[0120] Once the surface ring PA is constructed, as shown in Figure 10(b), the support beam 34 of the support mechanism unit 30 is pressed against the inner surface of the mouth pipe 100, and then the support leg unit 32 is extended and retracted while selectively using the first drilling unit 42 and the second drilling unit 43 to perform hole bottom drilling work, digging down the hole bottom Hb by at least one ring of the liner plate P (step S5).

[0121] When the hole bottom Hb is dug down by at least the amount of one ring of the liner plate P, a first ring assembling step is carried out to assemble the first ring P1 below the surface ring PA (step S6). At this time, a worker M on stage 10 assembles a liner plate section to the lower end of the surface ring PA, as shown in Figure 10(c), to form a ring-shaped liner plate P that will become the first ring P1 (lowest ring PB).

[0122] Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 10(d), the worker M fills the space between the liner plate P of the mouth pipe 100 and the first ring P1 with backfilling material 102 or mortar. When the first ring assembly work is completed, the worker M disassembles and removes the reaction frame 101 and the ground ring PA, as shown in FIG. 11(a).

[0123] Once the reaction frame 101 and the surface ring PA have been removed, the support beam 34 of the support mechanism unit 30 is pressed against the hole wall Hw of the borehole H, and then the support leg unit 32 is extended and retracted while selectively using the first drilling unit 42 and the second drilling unit 43 to perform hole bottom drilling work to dig down the hole bottom Hb (step S7).

[0124] Then, when a space corresponding to the height of one ring of liner plate P is formed above the stage 10, the liner plate P is assembled to the lowest ring PB. Thereafter, the excavation of the hole bottom Hb and the assembly of the liner plate P are repeated to construct the excavation hole H of a predetermined depth, but the excavated soil that accumulates inside the excavation hole H due to the excavation of the hole bottom Hb by the excavation mechanism unit 40 must be discharged outside the hole.

[0125] Therefore, in the hole bottom excavation work in step S7, the hole bottom Hb is excavated while the excavated soil from the hole bottom Hb is loaded into the soil discharge bucket 62 of the soil discharge unit 60. At this time, if the soil discharge bucket 62 is not full (step S8: No), the excavated soil is loaded until the soil discharge bucket 62 is full of excavated soil.

[0126] On the other hand, when the soil discharge bucket 62 is full of excavated soil (step S8: Yes), the excavation mechanism unit 40 can no longer excavate the hole bottom Hb, so the excavated soil loaded in the soil discharge bucket 62 is discharged outside the hole (step S9 in Figure 8).

[0127] At this time, the first excavation part 42 and the second excavation part 43 are folded to be compact, and the rotating part 41 is rotated to retreat from the position below the passage hole 10a. In this way, the rotation position of the rotating part 41 retreating from the position below the passage hole 10a is set as the retreat position.

[0128] Then, when the rotating part 41 is rotated to the retracted position, a lifting winch (not shown) set above is wound up, and the soil dumping bucket 62 is moved upward along the rails 61. The soil dumping bucket 62 that has started to move upward passes between the support beams 34 of the support frame 31, passes through the passage hole 10a of the stage 10, and moves to above the first ring P1.

[0129] The empty soil dumping bucket 62 is lowered along the rail 61 by a lifting winch, passes through the passage hole 10a, passes between the support beams 34, and is lowered to the hole bottom Hb. Then, when the earth removal unit 60 has completed removing the earth, the excavation mechanism section 40 is returned to the normal excavation position and excavation posture, and excavation of the hole bottom Hb is resumed.

[0130] After resuming drilling of the hole bottom Hb, if a space equivalent to the height of one ring of liner plate P has not been formed above the stage 10 (step S10: No), return to the hole bottom drilling work (step S7) and continue drilling of the hole bottom Hb.

[0131] Meanwhile, when the drilling mechanism 40 continues to drill the hole bottom Hb and a space equivalent to the height of one ring of liner plate P is formed above the stage 10 (step S10: Yes), the nth ring assembly process is performed to assemble the nth ring Pn below the lowest ring PB (step S11), and the assembled liner plate P becomes the lowest ring PB.

[0132] As shown in FIG. 11(a), once the n-th ring Pn, which becomes the lowest ring PB, is assembled, a backfilling step (step S12) is performed to fill the gap between the outer surface of the lowest ring PB and the hole wall Hw with backfilling material 102. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12(a), a worker M on the stage 10 performs a filler member attachment work of attaching a filler member 103 to the lower flange of the lowest ring PB with a clamp 104 (step S121).

[0133] This filler member 103 is composed of a filler ring 103a, which is a circular flat plate having an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the liner plate P and an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the enclosing member 50, and a circular filler tip portion 103b attached to the outer peripheral edge of the filler ring 103a and abutting the hole wall Hw.

[0134] The filler member 103 is divided into roughly fan-shaped sections when viewed from above, and the divided sections are arranged side by side along the circumferential direction of the liner plate P and fixed to the lower flange of the lowest ring PB, thereby forming a circular ring.

[0135] Once the filler member 103 is fixed to the lower flange of the lowest ring PB, worker M performs backfilling work (step S122) to fill the space between the lowest ring PB and the hole wall Hw with backfilling material 102 through a filling port Px provided in the liner plate P.

[0136] At this time, since the upper part is blocked with backfilling material 102 and mortar and the lower part is blocked with filling material 103, the backfilling material 102 is filled without any gaps in the space between the lowest ring PB and the hole wall Hw, as shown in Figures 11(b) and 12(b).

[0137] After the backfilling material 102 filled in the space between the lowest ring PB and the hole wall Hw has hardened, a filling ring removal process (step S123) is carried out to remove the filling member 103 attached to the lower flange of the liner plate P with a clamp 104, thereby completing the backfilling process.

[0138] If excavation has not yet reached the predetermined depth (step S13: No), the above steps are repeated until the predetermined depth is reached. For example, as shown in Fig. 11(b) to Fig. 11(c), excavation of the hole bottom Hb, assembly of the nth ring Pn to the lowest ring PB, and backfilling are repeated until excavation has reached the predetermined depth.

[0139] Then, when excavation to the specified depth is completed (step S13: Yes), the enclosure members 50 and other components are disassembled inside the borehole H to remove the drilling unit 2, and post-processing work (step S14) is carried out according to the specifications required for the pile hole, such as spraying the hole bottom Hb and the inner surface of the liner plate P, to complete the construction of the pile hole.

[0140] As described above, the shaft construction device 1, which constructs a shaft underground by extending a ring-shaped liner plate P in the vertical direction, is positioned below the existing liner plate P constructed underground and is equipped with an excavation mechanism unit 40 that excavates the hole bottom Hb, and a support mechanism unit 30 that suspends and supports the excavation mechanism unit 40.

[0141] Furthermore, the support mechanism unit 30 includes a support frame 31 having a central support unit 33 that supports the drilling mechanism unit 40, and three support beams 34 extending from the central support unit 33 toward the hole wall Hw, and three support legs 32 extending from the support beams 34 toward the hole bottom Hb. The three support legs 32 are configured to be extendable and contractible in the height direction.

[0142] According to this configuration, for example, by extending each of the support legs 32 in accordance with the unevenness of the hole bottom Hb, the drilling mechanism unit 40 suspended and supported by the support frame 31 can be stably supported at the desired vertical position.

[0143] Furthermore, since the support frame 31 descends by retracting the support legs 32 as the hole bottom Hb is excavated, the shaft construction device 1 can lower the excavation mechanism unit 40 suspended and supported by the support frame 31 as the hole bottom Hb is excavated.

[0144] Therefore, for example, in a configuration in which the drilling mechanism is supported at the tip of a support member that extends downward as drilling progresses, the drilling mechanism needs to be moved outside the mine every time the support member is extended, whereas the shaft construction device 1 can excavate the hole bottom Hb without moving the drilling mechanism 40 outside the mine. As a result, the shaft construction device 1 can continuously excavate the hole bottom Hb using the excavation mechanism unit 40, and therefore can efficiently excavate the hole bottom Hb.

[0145] Furthermore, since the support beam 34 is configured to be able to freely extend and retract toward the hole wall Hw and to be able to be pressed against the hole wall Hw, the shaft construction device 1 can reliably support the support frame 31 at the desired vertical position through cooperation between the support leg portion 32 and the support beam 34, and the support mechanism portion 30 can absorb the reaction force when excavating the hole bottom Hb.

[0146] Furthermore, since the support beam 34 is tensioned to support the central support part 33, the shaft construction device 1 can excavate the hole bottom Hb without tilting, even if there is a gap between one of the three support legs 32 and the hole bottom Hb. This allows the shaft construction device 1 to continuously excavate the hole bottom Hb in a stable state.

[0147] Furthermore, because the three support legs 32 are configured to be independently extendable and retractable in the height direction, the shaft construction device 1 can secure a gap between the retracted support leg 32 and the hole bottom Hb by retracting one of the three support legs 32. Therefore, the shaft construction device 1 can easily excavate the portion of the hole bottom Hb where the support legs 32 contact.

[0148] The support leg 32 is extendable and contractible, and is made up of an outer leg 32a fixed to the support beam 34 and an inner leg 32b that can be inserted and removed from below the outer leg 32a. According to this configuration, the support frame 31 can be supported by the support leg 32 having a simple configuration, so that a larger working space can be secured between the support frame 31 and the hole bottom Hb compared to the support leg that deforms like a pantograph jack. As a result, the shaft construction device 1 can ensure a wide movable space for the excavation mechanism part 40, thereby reducing the frequency of extension and contraction of the support leg part 32 and enabling efficient excavation of the hole bottom part Hb.

[0149] In addition, since the shaft construction device 1 is provided with an enclosure member 50 that integrally surrounds the three support legs 32 along the hole wall Hw above the lower end of the leg outer 32a, the enclosure member 50 prevents soil and rocks from the hole wall Hw from flowing into the hole bottom Hb.

[0150] Furthermore, since the enclosure member 50 does not land on the hole bottom Hb even when the support leg 32 is fully retracted, the shaft construction device 1 can prevent the enclosure member 50 from obstructing the support of the excavation mechanism 40 by the support leg 32.

[0151] Furthermore, since the enclosure member 50 is configured to be divided circumferentially, the shaft construction device 1 makes it easy to assemble the enclosure member 50, and the enclosure member 50 can be dismantled inside the borehole H and easily removed outside the mine.

[0152] In addition, since the excavation mechanism unit 40 is equipped with two excavation means (bucket 424 and breaker 434) with different configurations as means for excavating the hole bottom Hb, the shaft construction device 1 can excavate the hole bottom Hb without having to replace the excavation means outside the shaft.

[0153] For example, if rocks appear while the bucket 424 is excavating the hole bottom Hb, the shaft construction device 1 can excavate the rocks with the breaker 434 and then use the bucket 424 to excavate the hole bottom Hb again. As a result, the shaft construction device 1 can excavate the hole bottom Hb more efficiently than when the hole bottom Hb is excavated by one excavation means provided in the excavation mechanism section 40.

[0154] The excavation mechanism unit 40 also includes a first excavation unit 42 having an excavation means (bucket 424) provided at the tip of an arm that pivots around a pivot axis in a direction approximately perpendicular to the height direction, and a second excavation unit 43 having an excavation means (breaker 434) provided at the tip of an arm that pivots around a pivot axis in a direction approximately perpendicular to the height direction.

[0155] The excavation means has different configurations for the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43. According to this configuration, excavation can be performed by the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43 according to the condition of the hole bottom Hb, so that replacement of the excavation means can be eliminated.

[0156] Furthermore, the shaft construction device 1 can excavate the hole bottom Hb more efficiently by, for example, operating the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43 simultaneously to excavate the hole bottom Hb.

[0157] The excavation mechanism 40 also includes a first excavation unit 42 having arms (first arm 422, second arm 423) that pivot about a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the height direction, and a bucket 424 provided at the tip of the arm (the tip of the second arm 423).

[0158] Furthermore, the excavation mechanism unit 40 is equipped with a second excavation unit 43 having arms (first arm 432, second arm 433) that pivot about a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the height direction, and a breaker 434 provided at the tip of the arm (tip of the second arm 433).

[0159] In addition, the excavation mechanism unit 40 is supported by being suspended from the central support unit 33 and is equipped with a rotating unit 41 that rotates the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43 together in a rotational direction with the height direction as the rotation axis. The first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43 are arranged side by side in the perpendicular direction with the rotation axis of the rotation section 41 between them.

[0160] With this configuration, the bucket 424 and the breaker 434 can be moved in a rotational direction with the height direction as the rotation axis and in a pivotal direction with the perpendicular direction as the pivot axis, so that the bucket 424 and the breaker 434 can reach the entire area of ​​the hole bottom Hb.

[0161] In this case, the rotating unit 41 rotates the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43, which are arranged side by side in perpendicular directions on either side of the rotation axis of the rotating unit 41, as a single unit, so that the shaft construction device 1 can maintain the relative positions of the first excavation unit 42 and the second excavation unit 43 constant regardless of the rotation position of the rotating unit 41.

[0162] As a result, the shaft construction device 1 can prevent the operation of one drilling unit from being hindered by the other drilling unit, even when the first drilling unit 42 and the second drilling unit 43 are operated simultaneously, thereby enabling more efficient drilling of the entire area of ​​the hole bottom Hb.

[0163] In addition, the first digging section 42 and the second digging section 43 are configured so that the folding direction of the first arm 422 in the first digging section 42 around the pivot axis and the folding direction of the first arm 432 in the second digging section 43 around the pivot axis are opposite to each other.

[0164] Furthermore, the first digging section 42 and the second digging section 43 are configured so that the folding direction of the second arm 423 in the first digging section 42 around the pivot axis and the folding direction of the second arm 433 in the second digging section 43 around the pivot axis are opposite to each other.

[0165] According to this configuration, when bending and straightening the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43, it is possible to prevent, for example, the bucket 424 and the breaker 434 from interfering with each other, thereby preventing the operation of the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43 from being hindered. Furthermore, since the shaft construction device 1 is provided with the operation unit 71 that remotely controls the excavation mechanism unit 40, it is possible to reduce the amount of work that the worker M has to do inside the hole, thereby improving the working environment.

[0166] In addition, the method of constructing a vertical shaft in the ground by extending a ring-shaped liner plate P in the vertical direction involves placing the plate below an existing liner plate P constructed in the ground, and having an excavation mechanism unit 40 suspended and supported by a support mechanism unit 30 perform an excavation process (hole bottom excavation work) to excavate the hole bottom Hb.

[0167] In this drilling process (hole bottom drilling work), the support mechanism 30 is made up of a central support part 33 that supports the drilling mechanism part 40, and a support frame 31 having three support beams 34 extending from the central support part 33 toward the hole wall Hw, and three support legs 32 extending from the support beam 34 toward the hole bottom Hb expand and contract in the vertical direction to support the drilling mechanism part 40.

[0168] According to this configuration, for example, by extending each of the support legs 32 in accordance with the unevenness of the hole bottom Hb, the drilling mechanism unit 40 suspended and supported by the support frame 31 can be stably supported at the desired vertical position.

[0169] Furthermore, since the support frame 31 is lowered by retracting the support legs 32 as the hole bottom Hb is excavated, the method of constructing the shaft allows the excavation mechanism unit 40, which is suspended and supported by the support frame 31, to be lowered as the hole bottom Hb is excavated.

[0170] Therefore, for example, in a configuration in which the drilling mechanism is supported at the tip of a support member that extends downward as drilling progresses, the drilling mechanism must be moved outside the mine every time the support member is extended, whereas the shaft construction method allows the hole bottom Hb to be excavated without moving the drilling mechanism 40 outside the mine. As a result, in the method for constructing the shaft, the hole bottom Hb can be excavated continuously by the excavation mechanism unit 40, and therefore the hole bottom Hb can be excavated efficiently.

[0171] In the method for constructing the shaft, in the excavation step (hole bottom excavation work), a support beam 34 configured to be extendable and retractable toward the hole wall Hw is pressed against the hole wall Hw to excavate the hole bottom Hb. According to this configuration, the support legs 32 and the support beams 34 work together to reliably support the support frame 31 at the desired height position, and the support mechanism 30 can absorb the reaction force when drilling the hole bottom Hb.

[0172] Furthermore, since the support beam 34 can support the central support part 33 by being stretched, the method of constructing the shaft can excavate the hole bottom Hb without tilting, even if there is a gap between one of the three support legs 32 and the hole bottom Hb. This allows the shaft construction method to continuously excavate the hole bottom Hb in a stable state.

[0173] In addition, the method of constructing the shaft involves pressing the support beam 34 against the hole wall Hw, retracting one of the three support legs 32, and excavating the hole bottom Hb below that support leg 32. According to this configuration, a gap can be secured between the contracted support leg 32 and the hole bottom Hb, which makes it easier to excavate the portion of the hole bottom Hb where the support leg 32 comes into contact.

[0174] In addition, during the excavation process (hole bottom excavation work), the excavation mechanism unit 40 excavates the hole bottom Hb using one of the two excavation means (bucket 424 and breaker 434) provided as means for excavating the hole bottom Hb, whichever is appropriate for the condition of the hole bottom Hb.

[0175] According to this configuration, the hole bottom Hb can be excavated without changing the excavation means outside the shaft. Therefore, the shaft construction method can excavate the hole bottom Hb more efficiently than when the hole bottom Hb is excavated using a single excavation means provided in the excavation mechanism unit 40. [Example]

[0176] The excavation unit 2 of Example 2 includes an excavation mechanism section 80 different from that of Example 1. The excavation unit 2 of Example 2 will be described with reference to Figures 13 and 14 which show explanatory views illustrating an outline of the excavation mechanism section 80 in Example 2. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0177] The excavation unit 2 of Example 2 comprises a stage 10, a head guard 20, a support mechanism 30, an excavation mechanism 80, an enclosure member 50 and an earth removal unit 60, and the operation of the support mechanism 30 and the operation of the excavation mechanism 80 are controlled by a control unit 3. The excavation mechanism unit 80 differs from the first embodiment in that two excavation means are provided in one excavation unit.

[0178] The excavation mechanism 80 includes a rotating part (not shown) that is rotatable relative to the support mechanism 30, and one excavation part 81 that has two excavation means with different configurations. The rotating portion of the second embodiment has the same configuration as the rotating portion 41 of the first embodiment, and therefore a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0179] The excavation unit 81 of Example 2, like the first excavation unit 42 of Example 1, comprises a base (not shown) fixed to the rotating unit, a first arm (not shown) pivotally connected to the base, a second arm 811 pivotally connected to the first arm, and a bucket 812 pivotally connected to the tip of the second arm 811 (see Figure 13).

[0180] Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the excavation unit 81 is provided with a breaker 813 attached to the side of the second arm 811 in a state in which the breaker 813 is movable along the longitudinal direction of the second arm 811. The first arm, second arm 811 and bucket 812 are configured to be pivotable about a pivot axis that is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotating part, similar to the first excavation part 42 of the first embodiment.

[0181] More specifically, as shown in Fig. 13, the bucket 812 of the excavation unit 81 is pivotally connected to the tip of the second arm 811, similar to the first excavation unit 42 of the first embodiment. As shown in Fig. 14, this bucket 812 is configured to be foldable so as to be closer to the second arm 811 when the breaker 813, which will be described later, is made usable.

[0182] On the other hand, the breaker 813 of the excavation section 81 is connected to the side of the second arm 811 so that it can move between a retracted position away from the tip of the second arm 811 as shown by the dotted line in Figures 13 and 14, and a working position protruding beyond the tip of the second arm 811 as shown by the solid line in Figures 13 and 14.

[0183] The breaker 813 is configured to be movable between a retracted position and a working position by an actuator (not shown), and to be able to excavate the hole bottom Hb at the working position.

[0184] Specifically, the breaker 813 is connected to the side of the second arm 811 via a pair of brackets 814 fixed to the side of the second arm 811 at a predetermined distance, and a pair of link members 815 whose one ends are pivotally supported on the brackets 814. The link member 815 is pivotally connected to the breaker 813 .

[0185] When excavating the hole bottom Hb, the excavation unit 81 configured as described above is remotely operated by an operator using the operating unit 71, and the bucket 812 or breaker 813 is selected as the excavation means, and the hole bottom Hb is excavated using the selected excavation means.

[0186] As described above, the shaft construction device 1 and shaft construction method in Example 2, like those in Example 1 described above, can continuously excavate the hole bottom Hb using the excavation mechanism unit 80, thereby enabling the hole bottom Hb to be excavated efficiently.

[0187] Furthermore, since the excavation mechanism unit 80 is equipped with two excavation means (a bucket 812 and a breaker 813) having different configurations as means for excavating the hole bottom Hb, the shaft construction device 1 can excavate the hole bottom Hb without removing the excavation means from the mine and replacing it. As a result, the shaft construction device 1 can excavate the hole bottom Hb more efficiently than when the hole bottom Hb is excavated by a single excavation means provided in the excavation mechanism section 80.

[0188] In addition, the excavation mechanism unit 80 is equipped with arms (first arm, second arm 811) that pivot about a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the height direction, and a bucket 812 and a breaker 813 that are connected to the arms so that they can be used alternatively.

[0189] According to this configuration, since one arm is provided with the bucket 812 and the breaker 813, it is possible to configure a more compact excavation mechanism section 80 compared to when a plurality of arms are each provided with an excavation means.

[0190] In addition, in the method of constructing the shaft, during the excavation process (hole bottom excavation work), the excavation mechanism unit 80 excavates the hole bottom Hb using one of the two excavation means (bucket 812 and breaker 813) provided as means for excavating the hole bottom Hb, whichever is appropriate for the condition of the hole bottom Hb.

[0191] According to this configuration, the hole bottom Hb can be excavated without removing and replacing the excavation means (bucket 812 and breaker 813) from inside the hole. Therefore, the shaft construction method can excavate the hole bottom Hb more efficiently than when the hole bottom Hb is excavated using a single excavation means provided in the excavation mechanism unit 80. [Example]

[0192] The excavation unit 4 of Example 3 includes an enclosing member 90 having a different configuration from that of Example 1. The excavation unit 4 of Example 3 will be described with reference to Fig. 15 showing an external perspective view of the enclosing member 90. The same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0193] The excavation unit 4 of Example 3 comprises a stage 10, a head guard 20, a support mechanism 30, an excavation mechanism 40, an enclosure member 90 and an earth removal unit 60, and the operation of the support mechanism 30 and the operation of the excavation mechanism 40 are controlled by a control unit 3.

[0194] As shown in FIG. 15, the enclosing member 90 in the third embodiment is configured by extending a liner plate in the vertical direction, the liner plate being made up of liner plate sections of a substantially arcuate shape assembled into a ring shape. Unlike the first embodiment, the enclosing member 90 is formed to have a vertical length extending from a position above the lower end of the outer leg part 32a to the lower end of the support beam .

[0195] Specifically, the enclosure member 90 is constructed by assembling liner plates in the vertical direction, the inner and outer diameters of which are approximately the same as the inner and outer diameters of the liner plate P constructed above the stage 10, or the inner and outer diameters of which are larger than the inner and outer diameters of the liner plate P.

[0196] In this embodiment 3, as an example, the enclosure member 90 is composed of an upper liner plate 91 located above and a lower liner plate 92 assembled to the lower end of the upper liner plate 91, as shown in Figure 15.

[0197] Furthermore, unlike the liner plate P constructed above the stage 10, the upper liner plate 91 and the lower liner plate 92 are assembled so that the circumferential connection positions of the liner plate sections coincide in the vertical direction.

[0198] As shown in Figure 15, the enclosure member 90 having this configuration has the upper flange of the upper liner plate 91 removably fixed to the upper bracket 36 provided near the upper end of the leg outer 32a, and the lower flange of the lower liner plate 92 removably fixed to the lower bracket 37 provided at the bottom of the leg outer 32a. The upper bracket 36 and the lower bracket 37 that support the enclosing member 90 are detachably attached to the outer leg 32a.

[0199] Next, the mechanical caisson foundation method of Example 3 using the above-mentioned excavation unit 4 will be described with reference to Figures 16 and 17, which show explanatory diagrams illustrating the steps of the mechanical caisson foundation method of Example 3 in cross section.

[0200] In the mechanical deep foundation construction method of Example 3, excavation to install the mouth pipe 110 and excavation to construct the first ring P1 to the nth ring Pn are performed by heavy machinery, and excavation to assemble and extend a new liner plate P below the nth ring Pn is performed by the excavation unit 4.

[0201] More specifically, in the mechanical caisson foundation method of Example 3, the head pipe installation work of installing the head pipe 110 at a predetermined location in the ground G is carried out using, for example, heavy machinery equipped with a clamshell bucket at the end of its arm.

[0202] In this case, in the mechanical deep foundation construction method of Example 3, as shown in Figure 16(a), a liner plate 110a with a larger diameter than the liner plate P is installed in an excavation hole H dug down into the ground surface Gs by the amount of one ring of the liner plate P, and fixed concrete 110b is poured outside the diameter of the liner plate 110a.

[0203] Furthermore, in the mechanical deep foundation construction method of Example 3, a heavy machine having a clamshell bucket is used to dig down the hole bottom Hb inside the liner plate 110a by the amount of one ring of liner plate P, and a new liner plate 110a is assembled below the lowest liner plate 110a.

[0204] In the mechanical caisson foundation method of the third embodiment, the hole mouth pipe 110 is constructed by repeating the excavation of the hole bottom Hb by heavy machinery and the assembly of a new liner plate 110a to a predetermined depth. Once installation of the mouth pipe 110 is complete, heavy machinery with a clamshell bucket is used to excavate the inside of the mouth pipe 110 to a diameter slightly larger than that of the liner plate P, and pre-excavation work is carried out to construct the liner plate P.

[0205] Specifically, as shown in FIG. 16(a), the hole bottom Hb inside the mouth pipe 110 is dug down by at least one ring of the liner plate P using heavy machinery having a clamshell bucket.

[0206] After digging down by one ring of liner plate P, as shown in Figure 16(a), worker M performs a first ring assembly process in which approximately arc-shaped liner plate sections are assembled into a ring shape to construct liner plate P, which becomes the first ring P1, and a backfilling process in which backfilling material 102 is filled between the first ring P1 and the hole wall Hw.

[0207] After that, the hole bottom Hb is excavated using heavy machinery, the nth ring Pn is assembled to the lowest ring PB, and backfilling work is repeated until the hole bottom Hb is dug to a depth where excavation using heavy machinery becomes difficult, thereby completing the over-excavation work.

[0208] In this case, as shown in Figure 16 (b), the lowest ring PB is composed of the nth ring Pn assembled so that when the drilling unit 4 is placed on the hole bottom Hb, there is at least enough space between the lower liner plate 92 of the enclosure member 90 and the hole bottom Hb. Therefore, below the lowest ring PB, the hole wall Hw is exposed to a height of at least one ring.

[0209] Once the overexcavation work is completed, the excavation unit 4 with the enclosure member 90 removed is placed on the radially inner side of the liner plate P, and then the lower liner plate 92 of the enclosure member 90 is assembled to the support leg 32 of the excavation unit 4, as shown in Figure 16(b). At this time, the lower liner plate 92 is disposed below and adjacent to the lowest ring PB.

[0210] Thereafter, the drilling unit 4 is operated by the worker M to extend the support beam 34 and press it against the existing liner plate P, and then the drilling mechanism section 40 performs hole bottom drilling work to excavate the hole bottom Hb. At this time, the drilling unit 4 excavates the hole bottom Hb with the drilling mechanism part 40 while extending and retracting the support legs 32, similar to the first embodiment described above.

[0211] Furthermore, when the support beam 34 of the drilling unit 4 moves below the lowest ring PB as the hole bottom Hb is drilled, the support beam 34 is pressed against the hole wall Hw to drill the hole bottom Hb, as shown in Figure 17.

[0212] When the hole bottom Hb is excavated to a depth where a space of one or more rings is formed between the lowest ring PB and the lower liner plate 92 of the enclosure member 90, worker M constructs the enclosure member 90 by assembling the upper liner plate 91 above the lower liner plate 92 fixed to the support leg 32, as shown in Figure 17.

[0213] Thereafter, the drilling unit 4 continues to excavate the hole bottom Hb until a space equivalent to the height of one ring of the liner plate P is formed above the stage 10 while discharging the excavated soil to the outside of the hole. When a space equivalent to the height of one ring of liner plate P is formed above the stage 10, worker M performs the nth ring assembly work of assembling the nth ring Pn below the lowest ring PB, and the backfilling work of filling the space between the new lowest ring PB and the hole wall Hw with backfilling material 102.

[0214] Then, after repeating the drilling of the hole bottom Hb, assembling the nth ring Pn to the lowest ring PB, and backfilling work to the specified depth, the enclosing member 90 and other parts are disassembled inside the drilling hole H to remove the drilling unit 4, and post-processing work according to the specifications required for the pile hole, such as spraying the hole bottom Hb and the inner surface of the liner plate P, is carried out, completing the construction of the pile hole.

[0215] As described above, the shaft construction device 1 and shaft construction method in Example 3, like those in Example 1 described above, can continuously excavate the hole bottom Hb using the excavation mechanism unit 40, thereby enabling the hole bottom Hb to be excavated efficiently.

[0216] In correspondence between the configuration of this invention and the above-mentioned embodiment, The lining material of this invention corresponds to the liner plate P of the embodiment, Similarly, The excavation means corresponds to a bucket 424 and a breaker 434, and a bucket 812 and a breaker 813. The arms correspond to the first arm 422 and the second arm 423, the first arm 432 and the second arm 433, and the second arm 811, The excavation section corresponds to the first excavation section 42 and the second excavation section 43, The remote control unit corresponds to the operation unit 71, The excavation process corresponds to steps S3, S5 and S7. The present invention is not limited to the configurations of the above-described embodiments, and many other embodiments can be obtained.

[0217] For example, in the above-described embodiment, the holes formed by the drilling units 2 and 4 are pile holes, but the present invention is not limited to this and may be vertical shafts. Furthermore, although a liner plate P having a circular shape when viewed from above was constructed inside the drilling hole H having a circular shape when viewed from above, this is not limited to this, and the liner plate P may also be in the shape of an approximately oval ring when viewed from above, an approximately elliptical ring when viewed from above, an approximately rectangular ring when viewed from above, or an approximately polygonal ring when viewed from above.

[0218] Furthermore, although the inside of the borehole H is protected by the liner plate P, this is not limitative, and the inside of the borehole H may be protected by segments or sprayed concrete instead of the liner plate P. Furthermore, although the stage 10 is configured from the frame member 11 and the expanded metal 12, the present invention is not limited to this, and instead of the expanded metal 12, an iron plate may be placed on the frame member 11.

[0219] Furthermore, although the roof portion 22 of the head guard 20 is constructed from a frame member and expanded metal, this is not limited to this, and the roof portion 22 may be constructed from an iron plate or a permeable resin plate instead of expanded metal. Furthermore, the support mechanism 30 has three support beams 34 and three support legs 32, but is not limited to this and any appropriate number of support beams and support legs may be used.

[0220] Furthermore, although the bucket 424 and the breaker 434 have been used as the excavation means for excavating the hole bottom Hb, this is not limited to this, and any appropriate excavation means may be used as long as it is a means for digging the hole bottom Hb or a means for drilling rock. Furthermore, the plurality of excavation means in the excavation mechanism section 40 is not limited to a combination of excavation means of different types as in the above-described embodiment, but may be a combination of excavation means of the same type but different sizes.

[0221] Furthermore, the hole bottom Hb was drilled while the support beams 34 were pressed against the pillars of the reaction frame 101, the inner surface of the mouth pipe 100, the inner surface of the liner plate P, or the hole wall Hw of the drilling hole H, but this is not limited to this, and the hole bottom Hb may also be drilled with all of the support beams 34 retracted, except when drilling below the support legs 32.

[0222] When excavating below the support leg 32, at least the support beam 34 to which the support leg 32 is fixed is extended and pressed against the column of the reaction frame 101, the inner surface of the mouth pipe 100, the inner surface of the liner plate P, or the hole wall Hw of the drilling hole H, and then the support leg 32 is retracted to excavate the hole bottom Hb.

[0223] Furthermore, although not mentioned in the above-described embodiment, the drilling units 2, 4 may operate the first drilling section 42 and the second drilling section 43 separately to drill the hole bottom Hb, or may operate the first drilling section 42 and the second drilling section 43 simultaneously to drill the hole bottom Hb.

[0224] Furthermore, although the enclosure member 50 is constructed from the expanded metal 51 and the frame 52, it is not limited to this and may be constructed from an iron plate or the like instead of the expanded metal 51 as long as it has the strength to prevent soil and sand from flowing into the hole bottom Hb.

[0225] Furthermore, after the assembly of the first ring P1 is completed, backfilling material 102 is filled between the liner plate 100a of the mouth pipe 100 and the first ring P1, but this is not limited to this, and the backfilling material 102 may also be filled between the liner plate 100a of the mouth pipe 100 and the first ring P1 during the backfilling work (step S12) after the assembly of the second ring P2 is completed.

[0226] Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the camera 74 captures an image of the hole bottom Hb inside the enclosing member 50 under the control of the control unit 76, and the image data of the camera 74 is displayed on the display unit 72. Then, while watching the display on the display unit 72, the worker M operates the operation unit 71 to excavate the hole bottom Hb with the excavation mechanism unit 40, that is, the operation unit 71 is used to remotely operate the excavation mechanism unit 40, but the excavation by the excavation mechanism unit 40 may be configured to be automatic under the control of the control unit 76.

[0227] Specifically, the excavation status of the hole bottom Hb inside the enclosure member 50 is detected by a sensor 75, and based on the excavation status detected by the sensor 75, the control unit 76 drives and controls the excavation mechanism unit 40, so that the excavation mechanism unit 40 excavates the hole bottom Hb.

[0228] In addition, a position detection sensor may be connected to the control unit 76 so that the position of the soil discharge bucket 62 in the soil discharge unit 60 can be detected, and the drive control of the excavation mechanism unit 40 may be performed taking into account not only the excavation status of the hole bottom Hb but also the position information of the soil discharge bucket 62. In addition to detecting the excavation status of the hole bottom Hb using the sensor 75, the hole bottom Hb may be imaged using multiple cameras 74, and the excavation status of the hole bottom Hb may be detected using the images to control the operation of the excavation mechanism unit 40.

[0229] In this way, there are provided a control unit 76 that controls the drilling mechanism unit 40 and a sensor 75 that detects the condition of the drilling location at the hole bottom Hb drilled by the drilling mechanism unit 40, and the control unit 76 controls the drilling of the drilling mechanism unit 40 based on the detection results of the sensor 75, so that the drilling location can be excavated by the drilling mechanism unit 40 under automatic driving control. Therefore, the work in the hole by the worker M can be reduced, improving the working environment and achieving high efficiency.

[0230] In addition, in Example 2, the breaker 813 is connected to the side of the second arm 811 via a link member 815, but this is not limited to this, and the connecting structure of the breaker 813 may be any appropriate configuration as long as the bucket 812 and the breaker 813 can be used alternatively.

[0231] In addition, in Example 3, the enclosure member 90 is configured with an upper liner plate 91 and a lower liner plate 92, but is not limited to this. For example, as shown in Figure 18, which shows an external perspective view of the enclosure member 90 in another embodiment, the enclosure member 90 may include an upper liner plate 91, a lower liner plate 92, and a thin plate material 93 fixed so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the upper liner plate 91 and the outer peripheral surface of the lower liner plate 92.

[0232] This allows the shaft construction device 1 to prevent the corrugated thin steel plates of the upper liner plate 91 and the lower liner plate 92 from getting caught on gravel on the hole wall Hw when the drilling unit 4 moves downward as the hole bottom Hb is drilled.

[0233] Furthermore, in the mechanical caisson foundation construction method of the above-mentioned Example 3, the excavation unit 2 of Example 1 equipped with the enclosure member 50 may be used. Even in this case, the same effects as those of the above-mentioned Example 3 can be achieved.

[0234] Furthermore, in the mechanical caisson foundation method of Example 3, the excavation for installing the mouth pipe 110 and the excavation for constructing the first ring P1 to the nth ring Pn were performed by heavy machinery, and the excavation for assembling and extending a new liner plate P below the nth ring Pn was performed by the excavation unit 4, but this is not limited to this. For example, as in Example 1, the mouth pipe 110 and the liner plate P may be constructed while the excavation unit 4 excavates the hole bottom Hb using the reaction frame 101.

[0235] Alternatively, the excavation for installing the mouth pipe 110 and the excavation for constructing the first ring P1 may be performed by heavy machinery, and the excavation for assembling and extending a new liner plate P below the first ring P1 may be performed by the excavation unit 4.

[0236] Specifically, as shown in Figure 19(a), which is an explanatory diagram illustrating the steps of the mechanical deep foundation construction method in another embodiment in a schematic cross section, the mouth pipe installation work to install the mouth pipe 110 and the first ring assembly work to construct the first ring P1 are carried out using heavy machinery in the same manner as in Example 3 above, and then the excavation unit 4 with the enclosure member 90 removed is positioned radially inside the first ring P1.

[0237] In this case, as shown in Figure 19(a), the hole bottom excavation work is performed using the drilling unit 4 with the support beam 34 extended and pressed against the liner plate 110a, and the hole bottom Hb is excavated to a depth that creates a space below the first ring P1 in which the lower liner plate 92 of the enclosure member 90 can be placed.

[0238] Once a space is formed below the first ring P1 in which the lower liner plate 92 can be placed, worker M assembles the lower liner plate 92 of the enclosure member 90 to the support leg 32 of the drilling unit 4, as shown in Figure 19(b).

[0239] Thereafter, the drilling unit 4 excavates the hole bottom Hb to a drilling depth at which a space of one ring or more is formed between the first ring P1 and the lower liner plate 92 of the enclosing member 90.

[0240] Then, when a space of one or more rings is formed between the first ring P1 and the lower liner plate 92 of the enclosure member 90, worker M constructs the enclosure member 90 by assembling the upper liner plate 91 above the lower liner plate 92 fixed to the support leg 32, as shown in Figure 19(c).

[0241] In this way, the enclosure member 90 is constructed inside the borehole H, and then, in the same manner as in Example 3 described above, the pile hole is constructed by repeatedly excavating the hole bottom Hb, assembling the nth ring Pn to the lowest ring PB, and backfilling work to the specified depth. [Explanation of symbols]

[0242] 1... Shaft construction equipment 30...Support mechanism section 31...Support frame 32...Support leg 32a...Outer leg 32b...Inner legs 33...Central support part 34...Support beam 40...Drilling mechanism section 41...Rotating part 42...First excavation section 43...Second excavation section 50...Enclosure member 71...Operation unit 75...Sensor 76...Control unit 90...Enclosure member 422...First arm 423...Second arm 424...Bucket 432...First arm 433...Second arm 434...breaker 811...Second arm 812...Bucket 813...breaker Hb…hole bottom Hw…hole wall P...Liner plate

Claims

1. A vertical shaft construction device that is arranged below an annular lining material constructed underground and is equipped with an excavation mechanism unit that excavates the bottom of a hole and a support mechanism unit that suspends and supports the excavation mechanism unit, and that extends the lining material in the height direction to construct a vertical shaft in the ground, The support mechanism includes: a support frame having a central support portion that supports the drilling mechanism portion and a plurality of support beams that extend from the central support portion toward the hole wall; a plurality of support legs extending from the support beam toward the bottom of the hole; The plurality of support legs are configured to be extendable and contractible in the height direction. Shaft construction equipment.

2. The support beam is The device is configured to be expandable and contractible toward the hole wall and to be able to be pressed against the hole wall. A shaft construction device according to claim 1.

3. The plurality of support legs include: Each of them is independently expandable and contractible in the height direction. A shaft construction device according to claim 2.

4. The support leg is a leg outer fixed to the support beam; The leg outer is configured to be extendable and contractible with the leg inner, which can be inserted and removed from below. A shaft construction device according to claim 1.

5. A surrounding member is provided above the lower end of the outer leg portion, surrounding the plurality of support legs integrally along the hole wall. A shaft construction device according to claim 4.

6. The surrounding member is divided in the circumferential direction. A shaft construction device according to claim 5.

7. The excavation mechanism unit includes: A plurality of drilling means having different configurations are provided as means for drilling the bottom of the hole. A shaft construction device according to claim 1.

8. The excavation mechanism unit includes: an arm that pivots about a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the height direction; a plurality of excavation means selectively connected to the arm; A shaft construction device according to claim 7.

9. The excavation mechanism unit includes: a plurality of excavation units each having an arm pivoting about a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the height direction and the excavation means provided at a tip of the arm; The excavation means has a different configuration for each excavation section. A shaft construction device according to claim 7.

10. The excavation mechanism unit includes: two excavation units each having an arm pivoting about a pivot axis in a direction perpendicular to the height direction, and the excavation means provided at a tip of the arm; A rotating unit is provided which is suspended and supported by the central support unit and rotates the two excavation units integrally in a rotation direction with the height direction as a rotation axis, The two excavation sections are: The rotary shaft of the rotating part is sandwiched between the two rotary shafts, and the two rotary shafts are arranged in the perpendicular direction. A shaft construction device according to claim 7.

11. The two excavation sections are: The arms are configured to fold in opposite directions around the pivot axis. A shaft construction device according to claim 10.

12. A remote control unit for remotely controlling the excavation mechanism unit is provided. A shaft construction device according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

13. A control unit that controls at least the excavation mechanism unit; a detection unit that detects the status of the excavation location excavated by the excavation mechanism unit, The control unit The excavation mechanism is configured to control excavation based on the detection result of the detection unit. A shaft construction device according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

14. A method for constructing a vertical shaft in the ground, comprising: performing an excavation step of excavating the bottom of a hole with an excavation mechanism unit disposed below an annular lining material constructed underground and suspended and supported by a support mechanism unit; and extending the lining material in the height direction to construct a vertical shaft in the ground; In the excavation step, The support mechanism is composed of a central support section that supports the drilling mechanism section, and a support frame having a plurality of support beams that extend from the central support section toward the hole wall, and a plurality of support legs that extend from the support beams toward the hole bottom expand and contract in the height direction to support the drilling mechanism section. How to build a shaft.

15. In the drilling step, the support beam, which is configured to be extendable and contractible toward the hole wall, is pressed against the hole wall to drill the hole bottom. A method for constructing a shaft according to claim 14.

16. With the support beam pressed against the hole wall, one of the support legs is contracted to excavate the hole bottom below the support leg. A method for constructing a shaft according to claim 14.

17. In the excavation step, the excavation mechanism excavates the bottom of the hole using one of a plurality of excavation means provided as means for excavating the bottom of the hole that corresponds to the condition of the bottom of the hole. A method for constructing a shaft according to claim 14.

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