Cooperative operation control device and cooperative operation control method

Abstract

To provide a cooperative operation control device and a cooperative operation control method for optimal operation control in a hybrid power generation system.SOLUTION: According to one embodiment, a cooperative operation control device includes a control margin calculation unit that calculates a control margin amount of an output adjustment power source, which is a margin for upward deflection and downward deflection of output prediction data concerning an output fluctuation power source during a period of an operation plan on the basis of result data of an output prediction error in the output fluctuation power source. Further, the cooperative operation control device includes an operation plan creating unit that creates an operation plan of the output fluctuation power source and the output adjustment power source on the basis of data indicative of electricity prices, the output prediction data, and the control margin amount.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] FIELD An embodiment of the present invention relates to a cooperative operation control device and a cooperative operation control method. [Background technology]

[0002] In recent years, the expansion of renewable energy sources has led to a need for more efficient use of grid-connected capacity. For example, a method is being developed in which solar power generation facilities are installed at wind power plants to generate electricity using a hybrid of these power sources.

[0003] There is also technology to increase power generation by installing floating photovoltaic (PV) power generation panels in the upper reservoir of a pumped storage power plant and effectively utilizing the grid-connected capacity of the pumped storage power plant. Pumped storage power generation is a power generation method that can store energy and adjust output, and can be operated according to plan, so it is desirable for hybrid power generation including pumped storage power generation to operate at planned value simultaneous balancing. Planned value simultaneous balancing uses 30-minute simultaneous balancing, which matches the total amount (kWh) over 30 minutes to the planned value by matching the instantaneous output with the planned value. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0004] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2018-7423 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] However, solar power generation and wind power generation are variable power sources whose output fluctuates irregularly due to the influence of weather changes such as sunlight or wind speed and direction. Therefore, it is not easy to control operation according to plan, and there is a risk of a large imbalance, which is the difference between the power plant's operation plan and its actual operation.

[0006] Therefore, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cooperative operation control device and a cooperative operation control method that enable optimal operation control in a hybrid power generation system. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] According to one embodiment, the coordinated operation control device includes a control margin calculation unit that calculates a control margin of an output adjustable power source, which serves as a margin for overshooting and undershooting of output forecast data of the output variable power sources during an operation planning period, based on actual data of output forecast errors of the output variable power sources. The coordinated operation control device further includes an operation plan creation unit that creates an operation plan for the output variable power sources and the output adjustable power sources based on data indicating electricity prices, the output forecast data, and the control margin. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a hybrid power generation system 100 according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is another overall configuration diagram of the hybrid power generation system 100 in the first embodiment. [Figure 3] 1 is a block diagram of a hybrid power generation system 100 according to a first embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method for creating a hybrid power generation operation plan in the first embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating constraint equations for power plant characteristics in the first embodiment. [Figure 6] 5 is an example of a flowchart for creating a hybrid power generation operation plan in the first embodiment. [Figure 7] 3 is an example of a block diagram of a cooperative operation control unit 30 in the first embodiment. [Figure 8] 4 is an example of data calculated by the cooperative operation control device 1 in the first embodiment. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a hybrid power generation system 100 according to a second embodiment. [Figure 10]1 is a hardware configuration diagram of a cooperative operation control device 1 in the first and second embodiments. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to these embodiments. The drawings are schematic or conceptual, and the proportions of the various parts are not necessarily the same as those in reality. In the specification and drawings, elements similar to those described above with reference to the previous drawings are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted as appropriate.

[0010] (First embodiment) FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a hybrid power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment.

[0011] In this embodiment, a solar power generation facility 50 is used as an example of a variable output power supply, which is a power supply whose output fluctuates due to weather changes. A pumped-storage power generation facility 60 is also used as an example of an adjustable output power supply, which is a power supply whose output can be adjusted. In this embodiment, the solar power generation facility 50 and the pumped-storage power generation facility 60 are used as hybrid power supplies.

[0012] The hybrid power generation system 100 in this embodiment includes a coordination control device 1, a photovoltaic power generation facility 50, and a pumped-storage power generation facility 60.

[0013] The coordinated operation control device 1 performs optimization calculations for an operation plan that achieves planned simultaneous balancing in the hybrid power supply facility, and controls the output of the hybrid power supply facility. Hereinafter, the operation plan for the hybrid power supply facility will be referred to as a hybrid power generation operation plan. The coordinated operation control device 1 plans the operation of the photovoltaic power generation facility 50 and the pumped storage power generation facility 60 so as to improve operational profits, and controls the hybrid power supply output power (also referred to as aggregate output power) which is the sum of the output power of these power generation facilities. Furthermore, with regard to the aggregate output power, the aggregate output power planned by the hybrid power generation operation plan will also be referred to as planned aggregate output power, and the aggregate output power output from the generator due to operation based on the plan will also be referred to as actual aggregate output power.

[0014] The coordinated operation control device 1 is installed in a control room 2 of, for example, a solar power generation facility 50 or a pumped storage power generation facility 60, and is connected to each power generation facility via a control line 11. The coordinated operation control device 1 acquires various data from each power generation facility via this control line 11, and issues control commands to each power generation facility.

[0015] The output power of the photovoltaic power generation facility 50 and the pumped storage power generation facility 60 is controlled by a cooperative operation control device 1. The generated power is transmitted via a power grid 6.

[0016] In this example, the pumped storage power generation system 60 uses a pump turbine to pump water from the lower reservoir 5 via a penstock 3 during times of low electricity demand, such as at night, and stores it in the upper reservoir 4. On the other hand, during the daytime when electricity demand is high, the pumped storage power generation system 60 releases water from the upper reservoir 4, uses the potential energy of the water to rotate the pump turbine, and further operates a generator-motor connected to the pump turbine to generate electricity.

[0017] Furthermore, the photovoltaic power generation facility 50 generates power by converting light energy from the sun into electrical energy. When suppressing the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation facility 50, the cooperative operation control device 1 controls a power conditioner system (PCS) to temporarily suppress the output power.

[0018] In this example, the coordination control device 1 is connected to a network 7 via a network device 8. The coordination control device 1 acquires output forecast data for photovoltaic power generation from an external server 9 installed on the network 7. The output forecast data for photovoltaic power generation is, for example, data in which predicted values ​​for the output power (W) and power generation amount (Wh) of photovoltaic power generation are arranged in chronological order. This data may be calculated by the coordination control device 1 based on, for example, weather forecast data.

[0019] Furthermore, the coordination control device 1 uses the acquired output prediction data as well as the output actual data to create actual data on output prediction errors in photovoltaic power generation. The actual data on output prediction errors is data indicating the error between the predicted value and the actual value of output power and the error between the predicted value and the actual value of generated power energy. For example, the actual data on output prediction errors in photovoltaic power generation may be expressed as data in which the difference between the actual value and the predicted value of output power in photovoltaic power generation and the difference between the actual value and the predicted value of generated power energy are respectively arranged in chronological order. Furthermore, the actual data on output prediction errors may be created in advance, for example, by providing a trial operation period before the coordination control device 1 creates a hybrid power generation operation plan. Furthermore, the actual data on output prediction errors may be created in advance and stored in a storage device of the coordination control device 1.

[0020] The cooperative operation control device 1 also acquires electricity trading price forecast data for the operation planning period from the external server 9. The electricity trading price forecast data is, for example, data in which predicted values ​​of electricity trading prices are arranged in chronological order. Instead of acquiring this data from the external server 9, the cooperative operation control device 1 may calculate this data based on, for example, the amount of electricity demand. The electricity trading price forecast data is an example of electricity price data.

[0021] FIG. 2 is another overall configuration diagram of the hybrid power generation system 100 in the first embodiment.

[0022] A part or all of the processing of the coordination operation control device 1 may be performed by cloud computing. For example, a part or all of the processing of the coordination operation control device 1 may be executed by a computer device installed on a network 7. In this case, the coordination operation control device 1 is connected to the network 7 via the photovoltaic power generation facility 50 and the pumped storage power generation facility 60 and network equipment 8 such as a router, acquires various data from each power generation facility, and issues control commands to each power generation facility based on this data. These networks may use a power safety communication network or a public line such as the Internet.

[0023] In the following, for the sake of simplicity, the cooperative operation control device 1 will be described using the configuration of FIG.

[0024] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a hybrid power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment.

[0025] The coordination control device 1 includes a control margin calculation unit 10, an operation plan creation unit 20, a coordination control unit 30, an acquisition unit 40, and a storage unit 80. The coordination control device 1 can be realized, for example, by installing a program for the coordination control device 1 on a PC (Personal Computer). A CPU (Central Processing Unit) in the coordination control device 1 executes the program for the coordination control device 1, thereby realizing the functions of the control margin calculation unit 10, the operation plan creation unit 20, the coordination control unit 30, the acquisition unit 40, and the storage unit 80. The storage unit 80 includes an area for storing various data such as actual data on output prediction errors in photovoltaic power generation, and is constructed, for example, on an auxiliary storage device on an HDD (Hard Disc Drive).

[0026] The acquisition unit 40 acquires electricity trading price forecast data and solar power generation output forecast data from the external server 9. When these data are calculated by the cooperative operation control device 1, the acquisition unit 40 may include, for example, a forecast data calculation unit. In addition, the acquisition unit 40 acquires actual data of output forecast errors in solar power generation from the storage unit 80.

[0027] The control margin calculation unit 10 calculates the control margin of the pumped storage power generation based on the actual data of the output prediction error in the photovoltaic power generation and the output prediction data of the photovoltaic power generation during the operation plan period with respect to the output power and the amount of generated power.

[0028] The control margin in pumped storage power generation is a margin that, for example, when creating an operation plan, enables control of the output power to the power grid 6 by adjusting the amount of power generated or output power on the pumped storage power generation side even if the predicted value of the amount of power generated or output power in photovoltaic power generation exceeds or falls short of the actual value. The control margin is expressed as an over-run prediction error of the amount of power (Wh), a under-run prediction error of the amount of power (Wh), an over-run prediction error of the power (W), and a under-run prediction error of the power (W). A method for calculating the control margin will be described later.

[0029] The operation plan creation unit 20 creates a hybrid power generation operation plan based on the electricity price data, output forecast data for the operation plan period, and control margin. The hybrid power generation operation plan is expressed, for example, as data in which the planned aggregate output power is arranged every 30 minutes so that 30-minute simultaneous output can be achieved. The operation plan creation unit 20 may create a pumped storage power generation operation plan, which is an operation plan for the pumped storage power generation facility 60, instead of the hybrid power generation operation plan. For example, the pumped storage power generation operation plan is expressed as data in which the planned output power of pumped storage power generation is arranged every 30 minutes. Methods for creating these power generation operation plans will be described later.

[0030] The coordinated operation control unit 30 controls the operation of the photovoltaic power generation facility 50 and the pumped-storage power generation facility 60. For example, the coordinated operation control unit 30 issues input / output control commands to the pumped-storage power generation facility 60 based on the simultaneous and equal deviation every 30 minutes between the planned aggregated output power and the actual aggregated output power.

[0031] Furthermore, the coordinated operation control unit 30 issues an output suppression command to control the power conditioner 59 when necessary so that the aggregated output power does not exceed the interconnection capacity.

[0032] The solar power generation facility 50 includes a floating solar cell panel 51 and a power conditioner 59. The power generated by the solar cell panel 51 has its output controlled by the power conditioner 59 and is transmitted to the power grid 6.

[0033] In addition, although this block diagram describes the actual data of the output prediction error as being stored in advance in the memory unit 80, the coordinated operation control device 1 may also be provided with an output prediction error actual data creation unit that creates the prediction error actual data.

[0034] The pumped-storage power generation facility 60 includes a speed governor 61 and a pump turbine 62. In this example, the generator-motor connected to the pump turbine 62 is also shown in the same block as the pump turbine 62. The pump turbine 62 operates as a turbine during power generation operation, generating electricity using water discharged from the upper reservoir 4. The generated electricity is transmitted to the power grid 6. At this time, the speed governor 61 keeps the rotation speed of the pump turbine constant, thereby suppressing fluctuations in the system frequency. Furthermore, the pump turbine 62 operates as a pumping pump during pumping operation, pumping water from the lower reservoir 5 to the upper reservoir 4.

[0035] After the solar power generation facility 50 and the pumped storage power generation facility 60 generate electricity, the electricity is output as an aggregated output to the power grid 6 and sold. On the other hand, during pumped storage operation, electricity is purchased from the power grid 6 to operate the pumping pump.

[0036] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a method for creating a hybrid power generation operation plan in the first embodiment.

[0037] FIG. 4(A) is a diagram illustrating an example of variables used in the optimization calculation of the hybrid power generation operation plan in this embodiment, and FIG. 4(B) is a diagram illustrating an example of output data of the hybrid power generation operation plan in this embodiment.

[0038] As shown in Fig. 4(A), at a certain point k (k is an integer satisfying 1 <= k <= n, hereinafter also referred to as a frame) during the operation planning period, the water level of the upper pond 4 is denoted as h1(k) (m), and the water storage volume is denoted as v1(k) (m^3) for explanation. Also, the output power of the solar power generation facility 50 is denoted as p

[0041] , , , , (k) (W), the output power of the pumped-storage power generation facility 60 is denoted as p1(k) (W), and the output power of the hybrid power generation is denoted as p1(k) + p pv (k) (W) for explanation. Also, the minimum output power pt min (k) (W) corresponding to the tie-line capacity and the maximum output power pt max (k) (W) are explained. Also, the flow rate to the pump turbine is denoted as q1(k) (m^3 / min) for explanation.

[0039] Hereinafter, a method will be described in which the control margin calculation unit 10 calculates the control margin amount, and the operation plan creation unit 20 generates a hybrid power generation operation plan based on the control margin amount.

[0040] First, the control margin calculation unit 10 creates correlation data based on the actual data of the output prediction of solar power generation and the actual data of the previously calculated prediction error. The control margin calculation unit 10 calculates the control margin amount from the correlation data. Also, the control margin calculation unit 10 may use data on the output power range of the solar power generation facility 50 in calculating the control margin amount. In this example, the control margin calculation unit 10 calculates four types of control margin amounts according to the following formulas (1) to (4). Prediction error of upward power variation (Wh) = a1 × (predicted value of power generation amount of solar power generation) + b1 (1) Prediction error of downward power variation (Wh) = a2 × (predicted value of power generation amount of solar power generation) + b2 (2) Prediction error of upward power variation (W) = a3 × (predicted value of output power of solar power generation) + b3 (3) Prediction error of downward power variation (W) = a4 × (predicted value of output power of solar power generation) + b4 (4)

[0041] The power (Wh) overrun prediction error indicates the control margin required when the actual value of the amount of power generated by photovoltaic power generation exceeds the predicted value, and the power (Wh) underrun prediction error indicates the control margin required when the actual value of the amount of power generated by photovoltaic power generation falls short of the predicted value. The power (W) overrun prediction error indicates the control margin required when the actual value of the output power of photovoltaic power generation exceeds the predicted value, and the power (W) underrun prediction error indicates the control margin required when the actual value of the output power of photovoltaic power generation falls short of the predicted value. The control margin calculation unit 10 determines the coefficients a1 to a4 and b1 to b4 by applying an existing analysis method such as regression analysis to the actual data of the photovoltaic power generation output prediction and the actual data of the prediction error.

[0042] The control margin calculation unit 10 calculates the control margin for each frame using the determined coefficients a1 to a4 and b1 to b4 and the predicted value of the amount of power generated by solar power generation or the predicted value of the output power of solar power generation in each frame (0, ...k, ..., n) of the operation planning period.

[0043] The operation plan creation unit 20 performs optimization calculations using the optimization calculation model of equations (5) to (10) to generate a hybrid power generation operation plan that maximizes the operating profit. For example, the operation plan creation unit 20 corrects the maximum and minimum values ​​of the water storage amount and the maximum and minimum outputs of the hybrid power generation so as to ensure the above-mentioned control margin, and then creates a hybrid power generation operation plan in accordance with the electricity trading price prediction data so as to maximize the operating profit.

[0044] In this example, the operation plan creation unit 20 creates a hybrid power generation operation plan that maximizes operating profits based on the electricity trading price prediction data, but for example, an operation plan that maximizes operating profits may be created based on the electricity price in a bilateral contract, which is a contract concluded between a power generation company and a retailer, rather than the electricity trading price prediction data. The electricity price in a bilateral contract is an example of electricity price data.

[0045] In a certain frame k, when the predicted value of the power trading price is c(k), the operation plan creation unit 20 calculates the maximization of the objective function of the formula (5) by calculating the predicted value of the power trading price c(k) and the output power of the hybrid power generation (p1(k)+p pv The product of (k) and (k) is calculated to optimize the output power from the frame (k=1) where the operation plan is first created to the frame (k=n) where the operation plan is finished, and a hybrid power generation operation plan is created. The created hybrid power generation operation plan is expressed as the aggregate output power for each frame, with each frame being 30 minutes, so that the same amount can be achieved over 30 minutes. In other words, the period from frame k at a certain point in time to the next frame k+1 at a certain point in time represents the period of one frame, which in this case is 30 minutes.

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[0046] Furthermore, the operation plan based on the optimization problem of equation (5) is determined so as to satisfy the constraint equations (6) to (9). Note that equation (10) may be used instead of equation (8). Here, equation (6) is an upper reservoir model, and indicates the water volume v1(k) that decreases during Δt as the flow rate q1(k) that flows into the pump turbine during Δt. Here, Δt represents the period from frame k at time point to frame k+1 at time point. Furthermore, equation (7) is a dam characteristic, and indicates the relationship between the water level h1(k) and the water volume v1(k). Da1 and Db1 represent dam characteristic coefficients that are determined when the upper reservoir 4 is designed. Furthermore, equation (8) is a water level constraint, and indicates the relationship between h1(k) and the minimum water level h 1min (k) and maximum water level h 1max (k). Equation (9) shows that the interconnection capacity constraint is required to be within the range of the hybrid power generation output power (p1(k)+p pv (k)) and the interconnection capacity. In other words, the output power of the hybrid power generation (p1(k)+p pv (k)) is the maximum output power p tmax (k) and the minimum output power p tmin (k). Equation (10) is a water level constraint, similar to equation (8), and v1(k) is set to the minimum storage volume v1min and maximum storage capacity v 1max Furthermore, the operation plan creation unit 20 may use the initial water level and the final water level of the upper reservoir 4 in the constraint equation as the water level constraint.

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[0047] As shown in FIG. 4B, when the operation plan creation unit 20 creates a 24-hour hybrid power generation operation plan with 30-minute periods, n=48, and p1(1)+p pv (1),···p1(k)+p pv (k),···,p1(48)+p pv (48) 48 pieces of data are generated.

[0048] Before performing the optimization calculation, the operation plan creation unit 20 calculates the maximum water level h1max(k) and the minimum water level h2max(k) of the upper reservoir 4, taking into account the upward fluctuation prediction error and the downward fluctuation prediction error of the amount of power generated in each frame (Wh) in the photovoltaic power generation. 1min Furthermore, the operation plan creation unit 20 corrects the maximum output power p of the hybrid power generation by taking into account the power (W) overshoot prediction error or the power (W) undershoot prediction error for the output power for each frame. tmax (k) and minimum output power p tmin (k) is corrected. The operation plan creation unit 20 makes the following four corrections.

[0049] The operation plan creation unit 20 calculates the maximum water level h of the upper reservoir 4 in the formula (8) so as to create an operation plan with a margin from the actual maximum water level in accordance with the upward fluctuation prediction error of the amount of power (Wh) of photovoltaic power generation. 1max In addition, the operation plan creation unit 20 lowers the maximum water level h of the upper reservoir 4. 1max Instead of lowering (k), the maximum water storage capacity of Upper Pond 4, v 1max Alternatively, the operation plan creation unit 20 may change the predicted value of the amount of power generated by photovoltaic power generation to a larger value based on the (Wh) upward deviation prediction error of photovoltaic power generation, and set the control margin to 0.

[0050] The operation plan creation unit 20 calculates the minimum water level h of the upper reservoir 4 in the formula (8) so as to create an operation plan with a margin from the actual minimum water level in accordance with the forecast error of the downward fluctuation of the electric energy (Wh). 1min (k). In addition, the operation plan creation unit 20 increases the minimum water level h of the upper reservoir 4. 1min Instead of increasing (k), the minimum water storage volume of upper reservoir 4, v 1min Alternatively, the operation plan creating unit 20 may change the predicted value of the amount of power generated by photovoltaic power generation to a smaller value based on the power amount (Wh) downward fluctuation prediction error, and set the control margin to 0.

[0051] The operation plan creation unit 20 calculates the maximum output power p of the hybrid power generation in equation (9) so as to create an operation plan with a margin from the actual maximum output power in accordance with the power (W) overshoot prediction error. tmax Lower (k).

[0052] The operation plan creation unit 20 calculates the minimum output power p of the hybrid power generation in the formula (9) so as to create an operation plan with a margin from the actual minimum output power in accordance with the power (W) downward fluctuation prediction error. tmin Raise (k).

[0053] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating constraint equations for power plant characteristics in the first embodiment.

[0054] Figure 5(A) is a diagram showing the relationship between the flow rate or pumping amount to the pump turbine and the amount of electricity, and Figure 5(B) is a diagram showing the values ​​of each variable corresponding to the operating state of each pump turbine of the pumped storage power generation facility 60.

[0055] Furthermore, when the pumped storage power generation facility 60 is equipped with a plurality of pump turbines, the operation plan creation unit 20 may create a pumped storage power generation operation plan using, as an optimization calculation model, constraint equations for the power plant characteristics of equations (5) and (11) to (15) in addition to the hybrid power generation operation plan. For example, when a pumped storage power generation operation plan for 24 hours, with each unit being 30 minutes, is created, n=48, and 48 pieces of data p1(1),...p1(k),...,p1(48) are generated.

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[0056] Here, N is the number of pump-turbines, which is also the number of generator-motors connected to the pump-turbines. g (k) indicates whether the pump turbine is in power generation operation, and z g (k) is a variable where z = 0 or 1. g (k) is 1 when the pump turbine is in power generation operation, and 0 otherwise. Also, z0(k) is a variable that indicates the operating state of the pump turbine, and z0(k) = 0 or 1. z0(k) is 1 when the pump turbine is not generating or pumping water and all units are stopped, and 0 when one or more units are operating. Also, z pi (k) indicates the operating state of the pump, and z pi(k) is a variable that can be 0 or 1. Let the number of installed pumping pumps be N, and when the number of operating pumping pumps is i (where i is an integer satisfying 1 <= i <= N), z p1 (k), ··· z pi (k), ··· z pN Among (k), ··· z pi (k) = 1, and z p1 (k) ~ z pi-1 (k) = 0, z pi+1 (k) ~ z pN (k) becomes 0. In addition, the operation plan creation unit 20 may include the maximum output and minimum output of the pumping pump in the constraint formula. Further, the operation plan creation unit 20 may include the water storage capacity constraint of the upper pond 4 and the connection capacity constraint of the power system 6 in the constraint formula.

[0057] Here, x pi and y pi respectively represent the pumping volume (m^3 / min) and input power (W) of the i-th pumping pump. Note that since power is purchased during pumping, in creating the pumped-storage power generation operation plan, the value of Equation (5) is negative. x gi and y gi respectively represent the flow rate (m^3 / min) and output power (W) to the waterwheel when the i-th pump turbine operates as a waterwheel.

[0058] Figure 6 is an example of a flowchart for creating a hybrid power generation operation plan in the first embodiment.

[0059] In this flowchart, the explanation starts from the state where the acquisition unit 40 acquires the output prediction data of solar power generation and the power trading price prediction data from the external server 9 via the network 7, and also acquires the actual performance data of the prediction error from the storage unit 80. Also, in this flowchart, mainly, the calculation of the control margin amount by the control margin calculation unit 10 and the creation flow of the hybrid power generation operation plan by the operation plan creation unit 20 will be described.

[0060] In step S1, the control margin calculation unit 10 calculates the control margin using the output prediction data of photovoltaic power generation and the actual data of the output prediction error acquired by the acquisition unit 40. The control margin calculation unit 10 applies an existing analysis method to determine coefficients a1 to a4 and coefficients b1 to b4 from the predicted values ​​of the output power and the amount of power generated in the actual data of the output prediction error and these actual values. In step S2, the control margin calculation unit 10 calculates the control margin for these periods using the output prediction data of photovoltaic power generation for each frame in the operation planning period. For example, when creating an operation planning period for 24 hours, with each frame being 30 minutes, 48 ​​pieces of data will be calculated for each of the control margins shown in equations (1) to (4).

[0061] In step S3, the operation plan creation unit 20 calculates the maximum water level h of the upper reservoir 4 for each block during the operation plan period from the power energy (Wh) upward fluctuation prediction error and the power energy (Wh) downward fluctuation prediction error calculated as the control margin. 1max (k) and minimum water level h 1min For example, the operation plan creation unit 20 corrects the maximum water level h for 48 data points over 24 hours. 1max (k) and minimum water level h 1min In step S4, the operation plan creation unit 20 calculates the maximum output power p of the hybrid power generation of each frame during the operation plan period from the power (W) overshoot prediction error and the power (W) undershoot prediction error calculated as the control margin. tmax (k) and minimum output power p tmin For example, the operation plan creation unit 20 calculates the maximum output power p tmax (k) and minimum output power p tmin (k) is corrected respectively.

[0062] In step S5, the operation plan creation unit 20 performs optimization calculations using the equation (5) that is the objective function, with the equations (6) to (9) as constraints. In the optimization calculations, the operation plan creation unit 20 calculates the corrected maximum water level h 1max (k) and minimum water level h 1min (k) and the corrected maximum output power p tmax(k) and minimum output power p tmin (k) are included in the constraint conditions. In step S6, the operation plan creation unit 20 outputs the output power of each power generation facility in each frame obtained by the optimization calculation as a hybrid power generation operation plan. For example, the operation plan creation unit 20 outputs output power data of 48 frames over 24 hours as output data of photovoltaic power generation and output data of pumped storage power generation. The output results are used for control of the coordinated operation control unit 30. The output results may be output as time-series output data to an output device such as a display.

[0063] FIG. 7 is an example of a block diagram of the cooperative operation control unit 30 in the first embodiment.

[0064] The coordinated operation control unit 30 calculates an output deviation, which is the difference between the planned aggregate output power in the hybrid power generation operation plan created by the operation plan creation unit 20 and the actual aggregate output power. The coordinated operation control unit 30 also calculates a planned value balancing deviation by integrating the output deviation every 30 minutes. The coordinated operation control unit 30 adds the output deviation and the planned value balancing deviation at a ratio of a constant Kc, and outputs an input / output control command to the governor 61 using PID control to reduce the deviation obtained by adding the output deviation and the planned value balancing deviation.

[0065] Furthermore, the coordinated operation control unit 30 resets the value of the simultaneous balancing deviation every 30 minutes to 0. In this way, the coordinated operation control unit 30 calculates the simultaneous balancing deviation every Δt period.

[0066] The coordinated operation control unit 30 also determines whether the actual aggregated output power exceeds the grid-connection capacity based on the difference between the grid-connection capacity and the hybrid power supply output. The coordinated operation control unit 30 outputs an output suppression command to the power conditioner 59 when necessary to suppress the photovoltaic power generation output so that the actual aggregated output power does not exceed the grid-connection capacity. The coordinated operation control unit 30 may also use the maximum output and minimum output of the pumping pump for control. The coordinated operation control unit 30 may also include the water storage capacity constraint of the upper reservoir 4 and the grid-connection capacity constraint of the power grid 6 in its control.

[0067] FIG. 8 shows an example of data calculated by the coordination control device 1 in the first embodiment.

[0068] Figure 8(A) shows time series data of the output power from the solar power generation facility 50, Figure 8(B) shows time series data of the output power from the pumped storage power generation facility 60, Figure 8(C) shows time series data of the water level of the upper reservoir 4, Figure 8(D) shows time series data of the planned aggregate output power and the actual aggregate output power, and Figure 8(E) shows time series data of the simultaneous deviation of the planned value.

[0069] The sum of the output power shown in Figure 8(A) and the output power shown in Figure 8(B) corresponds to the actual aggregated output shown in Figure 8(D). In this example, for data around 12 o'clock, the coordinated operation control unit 30 reduces the output power of the pumped storage power generation facility 60 in Figure 8(B) to match the planned aggregated output in Figure 8(D). Furthermore, as shown in Figure 8(E), the coordinated operation control unit 30 controls the output power of the pumped storage power generation facility 60 to reduce the planned value balancing deviation. Furthermore, in this example, Figure 8(C) shows an example in which the water level of the upper reservoir 4 is adjusted to match the control margin.

[0070] These data may be output to an output device. By displaying the data on the output device, the user of the cooperative operation control device 1 can utilize the data in planning the maintenance and operation of the hybrid power source.

[0071] In this embodiment, the solar power generation facility 50 is a floating solar power generation facility 50 in which solar panels 51 are installed on the surface of a floating upper reservoir 4, but for example, the coordinated operation control device 1 may also target a solar power generation facility 50 installed near a pumped storage power plant as the target of coordinated control.

[0072] In this embodiment, the cooperative operation control device 1 has taken a photovoltaic power generation facility 50 and a pumped-storage power generation facility 60 as hybrid power sources, but variable output power sources other than photovoltaic power generation may also be used. For example, the cooperative operation control device 1 may also target a wind power generation facility as a power source other than photovoltaic power generation for cooperative control. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the pumped-storage power generation facility 60 has been taken as an output-adjustable power source, but an output-adjustable power source other than pumped-storage power generation may also be used. For example, the cooperative operation control device 1 may also target a hydroelectric power generation facility as a power source other than pumped-storage power generation for cooperative control.

[0073] According to this embodiment, the cooperative operation control device 1 uses the output forecast data of the photovoltaic power generation and the control margin to create an operation plan to maximize the operation profit from selling electricity (purchasing electricity when pumping). In addition, the cooperative operation control device 1 controls the operation of the pump-turbines to suppress imbalances, so that it can control the hybrid power source at the same time and in the same amount as planned values ​​in accordance with the power trading.

[0074] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the cooperative operation control device 1 can improve the utilization rate of the interconnection capacity and realize efficient operation of the power plant by controlling the output of the hybrid power source based on the hybrid power generation operation plan.

[0075] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the cooperative operation control device 1 can create a pumped storage power generation operation plan that takes into consideration the maximum output, minimum output, and number of pumping pumps during power generation in the pumped storage power generation facility 60 as constraints.

[0076] Furthermore, according to this embodiment, the coordinated operation control device 1 controls the pump-turbine guide vanes to reduce the deviation obtained by adding the output deviation and the planned value balancing deviation, which makes it possible to reduce the planned value balancing deviation more effectively than when the pump-turbine is controlled using only the output deviation.In addition, by reducing the amount of change in the pump-turbine guide vane opening to reduce the planned value balancing deviation, it is also expected to have the effect of reducing wear on the guide vane mechanism.

[0077] (Second embodiment) In this embodiment, the cooperative operation control device 1 creates a power plant operation plan for a hybrid power source including a photovoltaic power generation facility 50 and a hydroelectric power generation facility 60 so that power is sent in accordance with demand at a specific point where power is demanded (also called a power demand site), and controls the output of the hybrid power source facility so that the aggregate output power conforms to the plan. The power demand site may be, for example, a single business establishment such as a factory, or may be a relatively cohesive area such as an administrative division, and may be arbitrarily set by the user of the cooperative operation control device 1.

[0078] The overall configuration of the hybrid power generation system 100 is the same as that shown in FIG. 1 or 2, and therefore a description thereof will be omitted.

[0079] FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a hybrid power generation system 100 according to the second embodiment.

[0080] The configurations of the solar power generation facility 50 and the hydroelectric power generation facility 60 are the same as those in FIG. 3, and therefore description thereof will be omitted.

[0081] In this example, the coordinated operation control device 1 includes a control margin calculation unit 10, an operation plan creation unit 20, a coordinated operation control unit 30, an acquisition unit 40, and a memory unit 80, but the data acquired by the acquisition unit 40 and the data input to the operation plan creation unit 20 are different from those in the first embodiment.

[0082] The acquisition unit 40 acquires dam inflow forecast data, power demand forecast data of the consignment destination, and solar power generation output forecast data for the operation plan period from the external server 9. In addition, the acquisition unit 40 acquires actual data of output forecast error from the storage unit 80.

[0083] The control margin calculation unit 10 calculates the control margin amount using equations (1) to (4). The calculated control margin amount is used by the operation plan creation unit 20 to create a hybrid power generation operation plan, similar to the first embodiment.

[0084] The operation plan creation unit 20 calculates the output power (p1(k)+p pv A hybrid power generation operation plan is created so that the amount of power transmitted is maximized from the frame (k=1) where the operation plan is first created to the frame (k=n) where the operation plan is finished. The created hybrid power generation operation plan is expressed as output power every 30 minutes, for example, to achieve 30-minute simultaneous equalization. In addition, the output power of the hybrid power generation is planned so as not to exceed the predicted power demand of the transmission destination.

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[0085] As in FIG. 4B, when the operation plan creation unit 20 creates a 24-hour hybrid power generation operation plan with 30-minute periods, n=48, and p1(1)+p pv (1),···p1(k)+p pv (k),···,p1(48)+p pv (48) 48 pieces of data are generated.

[0086] In the optimization calculation, the operation plan creation unit 20, as in the first embodiment, considers the overshoot prediction error and the undershoot prediction error of the amount of power (Wh) in the photovoltaic power generation for each frame, and calculates the maximum water level h of the upper reservoir 4. 1max (k) and minimum water level h 1minFurthermore, the operation plan creation unit 20 corrects the maximum output power p of the hybrid power generation by taking into account the power (W) overshoot prediction error or the power (W) undershoot prediction error for the output power for each frame. tmax (k) and minimum output power p tmin For example, the operation plan creation unit 20 corrects the maximum water level h of the upper reservoir 4. 1max (k), the lowest water level of Upper Pond 4 h 1min (k), Maximum output power of hybrid power generation p tmax (k) and the minimum output power p of hybrid power generation tmin Correct (k).

[0087] Furthermore, when the hydroelectric power generation facility 60 is equipped with a plurality of hydroelectric turbine generators, the operation plan creation unit 20 may create a hydroelectric power generation operation plan using, as an optimization calculation model, constraint equations for the power plant characteristics of equations (15) and (21) to (24) in addition to the hybrid power generation operation plan. For example, when a pumped storage power generation operation plan for 24 hours, with each unit being 30 minutes, is created, n=48, and 48 pieces of data p1(1),...p1(k),...,p1(48) are generated.

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[0088] The flowchart for creating a hybrid power generation operation plan is the same as that shown in Fig. 6, and therefore will not be described. The objective function and constraint equations used in the optimization calculation by the operation plan creation unit 20 in step S5 are different from those in the first embodiment. For example, in this embodiment, when creating a hybrid power generation operation plan, the operation plan creation unit 20 uses the objective function of equation (15) under the constraint equations of equations (16) to (20).

[0089] According to this embodiment, the cooperative operation control device 1 creates an operation plan based on the dam inflow forecast data and the power demand forecast data of the consignment destination in addition to the output forecast data and control margin of the photovoltaic power generation, so as to maximize the amount of consignment power without exceeding the forecast power demand of the consignment destination. Furthermore, since the cooperative operation control device 1 controls the hydroelectric power generation facility 60 so as to achieve the planned value of simultaneous balancing, a variable output power source that supplies power through self-consignment or off-site PPA can be used as a hybrid power source.

[0090] FIG. 10 is a hardware configuration diagram of the coordination control device 1 in the first and second embodiments.

[0091] 10 includes a processor 52 such as a CPU, a main memory device 53 such as a RAM, an auxiliary memory device 54 such as an HDD, a network interface 55 such as a LAN (Local Area Network) board, a device interface 56 such as a memory slot or memory port, and a bus 57 that interconnects these devices. The cooperative operation control device 1 is, for example, a computer such as a PC, and includes external input devices such as a keyboard and a mouse, and an output device such as an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) monitor.

[0092] In this embodiment, a program for causing a computer to execute information processing by the coordination control device 1 is installed in the auxiliary storage device 54. The coordination control device 1 loads this program into the main storage device 53 and executes it using the processor 52. As a result, the control margin calculation unit 10 and the operation plan creation unit 20 shown in FIGS. 3 and 9 realize the functions of the coordination control unit 30, the acquisition unit 40, and the storage unit 80 within the coordination control device 1, making it possible to control the hybrid power supplies described in the first and second embodiments. Note that data generated by this information processing is temporarily held in the main storage device 53, or stored and saved in the auxiliary storage device 54.

[0093] Furthermore, the storage unit 80 is constructed on the auxiliary storage device 54. The above-mentioned thresholds are stored in the auxiliary storage device 54. The thresholds are loaded into the main storage device 53 when this program is executed.

[0094] The coordination control device 1 is also connected to the network 7 via a network interface 55. The coordination control device 1 controls the network interface 55 using the acquisition unit 40 to acquire external data. Data calculated by the coordination control device 1 shown in Fig. 8 may be output to an output device such as an LCD monitor.

[0095] The program for the cooperative operation control device 1 can be installed, for example, by attaching an external device 58 on which the program is recorded to the device interface 56 and storing the program from the external device 58 in the auxiliary storage device 54. Examples of the external device 58 include a computer-readable recording medium and a recording device incorporating such a recording medium. Examples of recording media include a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory), a CD-R (Compact Disk Recordable), a flexible disk, a DVD-ROM (Digital Versatile Disk Read Only Memory), and a DVD-R (Digital Versatile Disk Recordable), and an example of a recording device is a HDD. Also, the program can be installed, for example, by downloading the program via the network interface 55.

[0096] According to this embodiment, the functions of the cooperative operation control device 1 in the first and second embodiments can be realized by software.

[0097] Although several embodiments have been described above, these embodiments are presented as examples only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The novel cooperative operation control device 1 described in this specification can be embodied in various other forms. Furthermore, various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made to the form of the cooperative operation control device 1 described in this specification without departing from the spirit of the invention. The appended claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms and modifications that fall within the scope and spirit of the invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0098] 1: Coordinated operation control device, 2: Control room, 3: Water pressure pipeline, 4: Upper reservoir, 5: Lower reservoir, 6: Power system, 7: Network, 8: Network equipment, 9: External server, 10: control margin calculation unit, 11: control line, 20: operation plan creation unit, 30: Cooperative operation control unit, 40: Acquisition unit, 50: Solar power generation equipment, 51: Solar panel, 52: Processor, 53: Main memory device, 54: Auxiliary memory device, 55: Network interface, 56: Device interface, 57: Bus, 58: External device, 59: Power conditioner, 60 Pumped storage or hydroelectric power generation facilities, 61: governor, 62: pump turbine, 80: memory unit, 100: hybrid power generation system

Claims

1. a control margin calculation unit that calculates a control margin of the output adjustable power source, which is a margin for overshooting and undershooting of the output forecast data of the output variable power source during an operation planning period, based on actual data of output forecast errors of the output variable power source; an operation plan creation unit that creates an operation plan for the variable output power source and the adjustable output power source based on data indicating an electricity price, the output forecast data, and the control margin; Cooperative operational control device.

2. The cooperative operation control device according to claim 1 , further comprising a cooperative operation control unit that controls the operation of the variable output power source and the adjustable output power source in accordance with the operation plan.

3. 2. The cooperative operation control device according to claim 1, wherein the control margin calculation unit calculates the control margin of the output adjustable power source for an overswing of the predicted value of the output power, a underswing of the predicted value of the output power, an overswing of the predicted value of the amount of power generated, and a underswing of the predicted value of the amount of power generated, using actual data of the output prediction error.

4. The cooperative operation control device according to claim 1 , wherein the operation plan creation unit creates the operation plan for the aggregate output power of the variable output power sources and the adjustable output power sources so as to maximize operation profits.

5. The cooperative operation control device according to claim 4 , wherein the operation plan creation unit creates the operation plan so that the aggregate output power does not exceed a grid-connection capacity.

6. The operation plan creation unit correcting a range of a water level or a water volume in an upper reservoir used by the output-adjustable power source in accordance with the control margin for overshooting and undershooting of a predicted value of the amount of power generated by the output-adjustable power source; correcting a range of aggregate output power of the variable output power sources and the adjustable output power sources in accordance with the control margin for overshooting and undershooting of the predicted value of output power of the variable output power sources; The cooperative operation control device according to claim 3 .

7. The cooperative operation control unit calculating an output deviation between a planned aggregate output power of the variable output power source and the adjustable output power source and an actual aggregate output power; calculating a planned value simultaneous equalization deviation by integrating the output deviation at regular intervals; controlling the output power of the output adjustable power supply so as to reduce the output deviation and the planned value balancing deviation; The cooperative operation control device according to claim 2 .

8. The cooperative operation control device according to claim 7 , wherein the cooperative operation control unit further controls the output power of the variable output power sources so that the aggregate output power does not exceed an interconnection capacity.

9. a control margin calculation unit that calculates a control margin of the output adjustable power source, which is a margin for overshooting and undershooting of the output forecast data of the output variable power source during an operation planning period, based on actual data of output forecast errors of the output variable power source; an operation plan creation unit that creates an operation plan for the variable output power source and the adjustable output power source in accordance with the power demand of the consignment destination based on power demand forecast data of the consignment destination, dam inflow forecast data, the output forecast data, and the control margin amount, Cooperative operational control device.

10. The cooperative operation control device according to claim 9 , further comprising a cooperative operation control unit that controls the operation of the variable output power source and the adjustable output power source in accordance with the operation plan.

11. 10. The cooperative operation control device according to claim 9, wherein the operation plan creation unit creates the operation plan so that the output power of the variable output power source and the amount of power generated by the adjustable output power source are maximized within a range that does not exceed a predicted power demand of a consignment destination.

12. 2. The cooperative operation control device according to claim 1, wherein the variable output power source is a photovoltaic power generation facility or a wind power generation facility, and the adjustable output power source is a hydroelectric power generation facility or a pumped-storage power generation facility.

13. calculating a control margin of the output adjustable power supply, which is a margin for overshoot and undershoot of the output forecast data of the output variable power supply during the operation planning period, based on actual data of the output forecast error of the output variable power supply; creating an operation plan that is an operation plan for the variable output power source and the adjustable output power source based on data indicating electricity prices, the output forecast data, and the control margin; Cooperative operation control method.

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