Friction vibration control damper

Abstract

To provide a compact friction vibration control damper with high damping force.SOLUTION: A friction vibration control damper 10 reduces vibration of a building with one end 10a and the other end 10b joined to different portions of the building by damping relative displacement between the different portions. The friction vibration control damper includes: a first plate body 11 provided on one end side; a pair of second plate bodies 21 provided on the other end side to sandwich the first plate body 11 and provided to enable relative displacement with respect to the first plate body 11; and a pair of third plate bodies 31 provided so as not to enable relative displacement with respect to the first plate body 11 while sandwiching each of the pair of second plate bodies 21 with respect to the first plate body 11. The friction vibration control damper further includes a pressing mechanism 60 for applying pressing force to a portion between the pair of third plate bodies 31 so that a friction material 40 and a sliding material 50 are brought into pressure contact with each other between each of surfaces of the pair of second plate bodies 21 and each of surfaces of the opposing first plate body 11 and the pair of third plate bodies 31. Two friction surfaces are formed between the first plate body 11 and the third plate bodies 31.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a friction vibration damper. [Background technology]

[0002] Friction dampers are widely used in buildings to attenuate and reduce vibrations caused by earthquakes and strong winds.

[0003] In this regard, for example, Patent Document 1 describes a friction damper in which a first pressure-welded plate on the horizontal frame side and a second pressure-welded plate on the lower structure side are overlapped, allowing relative movement between the two pressure-welded plates to apply bolt axial force, and a pair of friction and sliding plates are sandwiched between them. The friction damper in Patent Document 1 is installed between an upper column hanging from a beam frame on the horizontal frame side that forms a specific floor, and a lower column erected from a beam frame on the foundation side that forms the same floor, positioned below the upper column. The web of the upper column forms the first pressure-welded plate. Two second pressure-welded plates are installed so as to sandwich the first pressure-welded plate between the web of the lower column and the first pressure-welded plate. Patent Document 2 describes a friction damper in which a central plate is attached in an upright position to a base plate fixed to a lower structure, and a friction material, a sliding plate, another friction material, a pressure plate, and a disc spring are stacked in that order on both sides of the central plate, and the sliding plate, which has a loose hole, is fastened by a bolt passing through the loose hole in the sliding plate in a state where it can move laterally relative to the central plate and pressure plate, and the relative horizontal displacement of the pressure plate and the central plate is restrained only by this bolt, and a gusset plate is attached in an upright position on a base plate fixed to an upper structure, and the upper end of the sliding plate is connected to the gusset plate. Patent Document 2 discloses a configuration in which a pair of sliding plates are provided for one central plate. Furthermore, Patent Document 3 describes a friction damper comprising first and second plates that obtain vibration damping action by frictional force when the plates move relative to each other, a fastening member that fastens the first and second plates in a direction that brings the first and second plates closer to each other, and first and second support plates that are interposed between the fastening member and the first or second plate and transmit the pressing force of the fastening member to the first or second plate, with a convex rib extending in the direction of the relative movement on one of the opposing surfaces of the first or second support plate. In Patent Document 3, the first and second plates are a sliding plate and a friction plate. Patent Document 3 also discloses a configuration in which a pair of splice plates sandwich one middle plate, and first and second plates are provided between the middle plate and the splice plates.

[0004] It is desirable for friction vibration dampers to have a compact structure while still providing a high damping force. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-173264 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2009-68668 [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 6437328 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a friction vibration damper that can provide a high damping force while having a compact configuration. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The present invention employs the following means to solve the above problems: That is, the present invention provides a friction vibration damper having one end and the other end joined to different parts of a building, and damping relative movement between the different parts to reduce sway of the building, the friction vibration damper comprising: a first plate provided on the one end side and extending toward the other end; a pair of second plates provided on the other end side and extending toward the one end, and movable relative to the first plate so as to sandwich the first plate; and a pair of second plates provided on the other end side and extending toward the one end, and immovable relative to the first plate so as to sandwich each of the pair of second plates between the first plate and the first plate. and three plates, wherein a friction material is bonded to one surface of the pair of second plates and a sliding material is bonded to the other surface between each of the surfaces of the pair of second plates and the surfaces of the first plate and the pair of third plates facing said surface, and a pressing mechanism is further provided which applies a pressing force between the pair of third plates so that the friction material and the sliding material are pressed against each other, and wherein two friction surfaces are formed between the first plate and the third plate, which are disposed on either side of the second plate, in each of the pair of second plates. According to the above-described configuration, a first plate is provided at one end of the friction vibration damper, extending toward the other end. A second plate is provided at the other end of the friction vibration damper, extending toward the one end. A pair of second plates is provided to sandwich the first plate. A pair of third plates is provided to sandwich each of the pair of second plates between the first plate and the third plate. A friction material is bonded to one surface of the pair of second plates and a sliding material is bonded to the other surface between the surfaces of the pair of second plates and the opposing surfaces of the first plate and the pair of third plates. A pressing force is applied between the pair of third plates by a pressing mechanism so that the friction material and the sliding material are pressed against each other. This forms a friction surface between the second plate and each of the first and third plates. Here, a pair of second plates attached to the other end of the friction vibration damper are movable relative to the first plate attached to the one end. Furthermore, the pair of third plates are immovable relative to the first plate, so the pair of second plates are also movable relative to the pair of third plates. When such a friction vibration damper is attached with one end and the other end attached to different parts of a building, if the building sways and the part of the building where the one end is attached moves relative to the other, the first plate and the pair of third plates move with the one end, and the pair of second plates move with the other end, causing the first plate and the pair of third plates to move relative to the pair of second plates. If the force of this relative movement is smaller than the frictional force generated on the friction surfaces formed between the plates as described above, the relative movement is not permitted. Furthermore, if the force attempting to cause relative movement is greater than the frictional force, the frictional material and sliding material provided between the surfaces of the pair of second plates and the surfaces of the first plate and pair of third plates facing those surfaces will slide, allowing relative movement, and at the same time, the frictional force will absorb vibration energy, damping the shaking of the building. In the friction vibration damper described above, two friction surfaces are formed between the first and third plates, which are arranged on either side of the pair of second plates, in each of the pair of second plates. As a result, the friction vibration damper as a whole has a configuration with four friction surfaces. This makes it possible to make the total amount of friction force generated between the plates stronger than, for example, a conventional configuration with two friction surfaces, and thus to increase the damping force. Furthermore, the above-described friction vibration damper can basically be realized by stacking multiple plates and pressing them against each other using a pressing mechanism. This allows for a compact configuration. In particular, as described above, this friction vibration damper can achieve a high damping force by having four friction surfaces. Therefore, it can achieve the same damping force as, for example, a conventional configuration with two friction surfaces, but in a smaller, more compact design. In this way, it is possible to provide a friction vibration damper that can have a compact structure and yet provide a high damping force.

[0008] In one aspect of the present invention, the friction vibration damper further comprises a pair of second plate connecting plates joined to each of the pair of second plates so as to connect the end edges extending in the axial direction between the pair of second plates in each width direction perpendicular to the axial direction connecting the one end and the other end, and a pair of third plate connecting plates joined to each of the pair of third plates so as to connect the end edges extending in the axial direction between the pair of third plates in each width direction. According to the above-described configuration, the friction vibration damper includes a pair of second plate connecting plates joined to each of the pair of second plates in each width direction perpendicular to the axial direction connecting one end to the other end of the pair of second plates so as to connect the axially extending end sides of the pair of second plates. The friction vibration damper also includes a pair of third plate connecting plates joined to each of the pair of third plates in each width direction so as to connect the axially extending end sides of the pair of third plates. As a result, when the friction vibration damper is viewed from the axial direction, the first plates are surrounded on their outer peripheries in a rectangular shape by the pair of second plates and the pair of second plate connecting plates, and the first plates and the pair of second plates are further surrounded on their outer peripheries in a rectangular shape by the pair of third plates and the pair of third plate connecting plates. This configuration suppresses relative movement between the first plate and the pair of third plates and the pair of second plates in a direction different from the axial direction, and ensures that the relative movement is along the axial direction. Therefore, when the building sways and the part of the building where one end is located moves relative to the part where the other end is located, causing the first plate and the pair of third plates and the pair of second plates to move relative to each other, the surfaces of the pair of second plates and the surfaces of the first plate and the pair of third plates remain facing each other, and the friction material and sliding material bonded to each of these surfaces remain pressed against each other by the pressing mechanism. This allows the friction vibration damper to stably attenuate the swaying of the building. Furthermore, the pair of second plates are connected at their axially extending edges by a pair of second-plate connecting plates, so that the pair of second plates and the pair of second-plate connecting plates form a hollow rectangular cross-section when viewed from the axial direction, and the second plates are restrained by the second-plate connecting plates. Therefore, even if the pair of second plates tend to buckle when an axial compressive force acts on the second plates due to the frictional force generated between the friction material and the sliding material, this is suppressed by the pair of second-plate connecting plates. Similarly, the pair of third plates are connected at their axially extending edges by a pair of third-plate connecting plates, so that the pair of third plates and the pair of third-plate connecting plates form a hollow rectangular cross-section when viewed from the axial direction, and the third plates are restrained by the third-plate connecting plates. Therefore, even if the pair of third plates tend to buckle, this is suppressed by the pair of third-plate connecting plates. As described above, since the buckling of the pair of second plates and the pair of third plates is effectively suppressed, the thickness of the pair of second plates and the pair of third plates can be reduced, thereby making the friction vibration damper even more compact.

[0009] In another aspect of the present invention, the one end and the other end are each joined to the inside of the column-beam structure that constitutes the building, thereby being arranged as a brace, or the building comprises an upper structure, a lower structure, and a seismic isolation layer located between the upper structure and the lower structure, and the one end is pin-joined to either the upper structure or the lower structure, and the other end is pin-joined to the other of the upper structure and the lower structure. According to the above configuration, when the friction vibration damper is arranged as a brace by joining one end and the other end to the inside of the column-beam frame that makes up the building, the friction vibration damper can be used as a vibration-damping brace. In addition, if a building has an upper structure, a lower structure, and a seismic isolation layer located between the upper and lower structures, and a friction vibration damper is pin-connected at one end to either the upper structure or the lower structure and at the other end to the other of the upper and lower structures, the friction vibration damper can be used in the seismic isolation layer as a damper to attenuate the shaking of the upper structure. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a friction vibration damper that can provide a high damping force while having a compact configuration. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0011] [Figure 1] 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a building provided with a friction vibration damper according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a floor plan of the seismic isolation layer of the building in Figure 1. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a friction vibration damper. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 3. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the friction vibration damper. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the friction vibration damper in a state where it is contracted in the axial direction. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the friction vibration damper in an axially extended state. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a side view of a state in which a friction vibration damper according to a modified example of the above embodiment is installed on a beam-column frame of a building. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a side view of another state in which the friction vibration damper according to the modified example is installed on a beam-column frame of a building. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a building provided with a friction vibration damper according to this embodiment, and Fig. 2 is a plan view of the base isolation layer of the building shown in Fig. 1. The building 1 comprises a lower skeleton 2 and an upper skeleton 3. The lower skeleton 2 is the foundation of the building 1, for example, provided on the ground. The upper structure 3 is disposed on the lower structure 2 via a seismic isolation layer 4, which will be described next. The upper structure 3 includes a plurality of columns 5 and a plurality of beams 6. The columns 5 are disposed to extend vertically at intervals in a first direction D1 extending within a horizontal plane and in a second direction D2 extending perpendicular to the first direction D1 within the horizontal plane. The beams 6 are disposed to extend in the first direction D1 and the second direction D2 so as to connect adjacent columns 5 to each other.

[0013] A seismic isolation layer 4 is provided between the lower skeleton 2 and the upper skeleton 3. The seismic isolation layer 4 includes a seismic isolation device 7 and a friction vibration damper 10, which will be described in detail later. In this embodiment, the seismic isolation device 7 is a laminated rubber bearing. The seismic isolation device 7 includes a lower flange plate 7a, an upper flange plate 7b, and a laminated rubber portion 7c. The lower flange plate 7a is fixed to the upper surface of the lower structure 2. The upper flange plate 7b is fixed to the lower surface of the upper structure 3. The laminated rubber portion 7c is formed by laminating steel plates and rubber. The lower flange plate 7a and the upper flange plate 7b are joined to the lower and upper ends of the laminated rubber portion 7c, respectively. The seismic isolation device 7 is provided at the lower ends of multiple columns 5 of the lower structure 2 and supports the axial force acting on the columns 5. For example, when an earthquake occurs, the upper structure 3 attempts to move relative to the lower structure 2 in horizontal directions D1 and D2. The seismic isolation device 7 allows such relative movement by shear deformation of the laminated rubber portion 7c. The seismic isolation device 7 may have other structures such as a sliding bearing or a rolling bearing instead of a laminated rubber bearing.

[0014] A plurality of friction vibration dampers 10 are provided in the seismic isolation layer 4. Each friction vibration damper 10 is formed as a long member. Each friction vibration damper 10 is provided so that an axial direction Da connecting one end 10a and the other end 10b extends along either a first direction D1 or a second direction D2. In this embodiment, each friction vibration damper 10 is provided so as to be located between adjacent seismic isolation devices 7. The friction vibration damper 10 has one end 10a and the other end 10b each attached to a different part of the building 1, and damps the relative movement between these different parts to reduce swaying of the building 1. More specifically, a lower mounting member 2a is fixed to the upper surface of the lower frame 2 so as to protrude upward from the upper surface. An upper mounting member 3a is fixed to the lower surface of the upper frame 3 so as to protrude downward from the lower surface. The lower mounting member 2a and the upper mounting member 3a are provided as a pair. In this embodiment, one end 10a of the friction vibration damper 10 is fixed to the surface of the lower mounting member 2a facing the upper mounting member 3a. The other end 10b of the friction vibration damper 10 is fixed to the surface of the upper mounting member 3a facing the lower mounting member 2a. Conversely, the friction vibration damper 10 may be fixed at one end 10a to the upper mounting member 3a and at the other end 10b to the lower mounting member 2a. As described above, when an earthquake occurs, the upper structure 3 moves relative to the lower structure 2 in the horizontal directions D1 and D2. This relative movement occurs repeatedly in opposite directions, causing the upper structure 3 to shake and vibrate. The friction vibration damper 10 has a structure described below, and thereby attenuates the shaking of the upper structure 3 of the building 1.

[0015] Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the friction vibration damper. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the arrow II in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the friction vibration damper. In Fig. 3 and Figs. 6 and 7, which will be used later in the explanation, the second plate-body connecting plate 22 and the third plate-body connecting plate 32, which will be described later, are drawn in a transparent state, and the structure inside these plates is shown in the illustration. The friction vibration damper 10 includes a first plate 11, a pair of second plates 21, and a pair of third plates 31. The first plate 11 is provided on one end 10a side of the friction vibration damper 10. The first plate 11 extends from the one end 10a side toward the other end 10b along the axial direction Da. The first plate 11 is a metal plate such as steel. An end portion 11a of the first plate 11 on the one end 10a side is provided with one hole 11j penetrating the first plate 11 in the thickness direction Dt of the first plate 11. An end portion 11b of the first plate 11 on the other end 10b side is provided with a plurality of holes 11h penetrating the first plate 11 in the thickness direction Dt. The plurality of holes 11h are provided at a center portion of the first plate 11 in the width direction Dw, spaced apart from one another in the axial direction Da, to correspond to each of the bolts 62 described later. The first plate 11 is formed to be thicker than the second plate 21 and the third plate 31, which will be described later.

[0016] The pair of second plates 21 are provided on the other end 10b side of the friction vibration damper 10. Each of the pair of second plates 21 extends from the other end 10b side toward the one end 10a along the axial direction Da. Each of the pair of second plates 21 is a metal plate material such as steel. The pair of second plates 21 are oriented parallel to the first plate body 11 so that the thickness direction Dt and width direction Dw of the pair of second plates 21 coincide with the thickness direction Dt and width direction Dw of the first plate body 11. The pair of second plates 21 are provided so as to sandwich the first plate body 11 therebetween. A hole 21j is formed in the end 21a of each of the pair of second plates 21 on the other end 10b side so as to penetrate the second plate 21 in the thickness direction Dt. A long hole 21h is formed in each of the pair of second plates 21 so as to extend in the axial direction Da between the end 21b on the one end 10a side and the end 21a on the other end 10b side and to penetrate the second plate 21 in the thickness direction Dt. The long hole 21h is provided in the center in the width direction Dw.

[0017] The pair of third plates 31 are provided on one end 10a of the friction vibration damper 10. Each of the pair of third plates 31 extends from the one end 10a toward the other end 10b along the axial direction Da. Each of the pair of third plates 31 is a metal plate such as steel. The pair of third plates 31 are oriented parallel to the first plates 11 so that the thickness direction Dt and width direction Dw of the pair of third plates 31 coincide with the thickness direction Dt and width direction Dw of the first plates 11. The pair of third plates 31 are provided so as to sandwich each of the pair of second plates 21 between themselves and the first plates 11. With this configuration, the first plate body 11, a pair of second plate bodies 21, and a pair of third plate bodies 31 are stacked in the thickness direction Dt in the order of third plate body 31, second plate body 21, first plate body 11, second plate body 21, and third plate body 31. A plurality of holes 31h are formed in the end portions 31b of the pair of third plates 31 on the other end 10b side so as to penetrate the third plate 31 in the thickness direction Dt. The plurality of holes 31h are provided at the center in the width direction Dw and spaced apart from one another in the axial direction Da so as to correspond to each of the bolts 62 described later.

[0018] Between each of the surfaces 21f of the pair of second plates 21 that are provided along a plane formed by the axial direction Da and the width direction Dw and facing the first plate 11, and the surface 11f of the first plate 11 that faces the surface 21f, a friction material 40 is bonded to one of the surfaces 11f, 21f, and a sliding material 50 is bonded to the other surface 11f, 21f. In this embodiment, the friction material 40 is bonded to both of the surfaces 11f of the first plate 11 that face each of the pair of second plates 21, and the sliding material 50 is bonded to the surface 21f of each of the pair of second plates 21 that faces the first plate 11. Alternatively, the friction vibration damper 10 may be configured so that the sliding material 50 is bonded to the surface 11f of the first plate 11 that faces the second plate 21, and the friction material 40 is bonded to the surface 21f of the second plate 21 that faces the first plate 11. The friction material 40 and the sliding material 50 may be provided in any manner, as long as the friction material 40 and the sliding material 50 are arranged in pairs between the surface 11f of the first plate 11 and the surface 21f of the second plate 21.

[0019] Between the first plate 11 and the second plate 21, the friction material 40 is provided on the end 11b side of the first plate 11, which is closer to the other end 10b. On both surfaces 11f of the first plate 11, a pair of friction materials 40 is provided on both sides of the hole 11h of the first plate 11 in the width direction Dw. Each of the friction materials 40 is a plate (friction plate) provided to extend in the axial direction Da from a position closer to the one end 10a than the hole 11h located closest to the one end 10a to a position closer to the other end 10b than the hole 11h located closest to the other end 10b. A pair of sliding members 50 is provided on the surface 21f of each of the pair of second plates 21, facing the surface 11f of the first plate 11, on both sides of the elongated hole 21h of the second plate 21 in the width direction Dw. Each sliding member 50 is a plate (sliding plate) provided to extend in the axial direction Da from a position closer to the one end 10a of the elongated hole 21h than the end 10a of the elongated hole 21h to a position closer to the other end 10b of the elongated hole 21h than the end 10b of the other end 10b. The sliding member 50 is formed so that its length in the axial direction Da is longer than the length in the axial direction Da of the friction member 40 provided on the first plate 11.

[0020] Between each of the surfaces 21f of the pair of second plates 21 that are provided along a plane formed by the axial direction Da and the width direction Dw and facing the third plate 31, and the surface 31f of the third plate 31 that faces the surface 21f, a friction material 40 is bonded to one of the surfaces 21f, 31f, and a sliding material 50 is bonded to the other surface 21f, 31f. In this embodiment, the friction material 40 is bonded to the surface 31f of each of the pair of third plates 31 that faces the second plate 21, and the sliding material 50 is bonded to the surface 21f of each of the pair of second plates 21 that faces the third plate 31. Alternatively, the friction vibration damper 10 may be configured so that the sliding material 50 is joined to the surface 31f of the third plate 31 facing the second plate 21, and the friction material 40 is joined to the surface 21f of the second plate 21 facing the third plate 31. The friction material 40 and the sliding material 50 may be provided in any manner as long as the friction material 40 and the sliding material 50 are arranged in pairs between the surface 31f of the third plate 31 and the surface 21f of the second plate 21.

[0021] Between the second plate 21 and the third plate 31, the friction material 40 is provided on the end 31b side of the pair of third plates 31, which is closer to the other end 10b. On the surface 31f of each of the pair of third plates 31, which faces the surface 21f of the second plate 21, a pair of friction materials 40 is provided on both sides of the hole 31h of the third plate 31 in the width direction Dw. Each of the friction materials 40 is a plate material (friction plate) provided so as to extend in the axial direction Da from a position closer to the one end 10a than the hole 31h located closest to the one end 10a to a position closer to the other end 10b than the hole 31h located closest to the other end 10b. A pair of sliding members 50 is provided on the surface 21f of each of the pair of second plates 21, facing the surface 31f of the third plate 31, on both sides of the elongated hole 21h of the second plate 21 in the width direction Dw. Each sliding member 50 is a plate (sliding plate) provided to extend in the axial direction Da from a position closer to the one end 10a of the elongated hole 21h than the end 10a of the elongated hole 21h to a position closer to the other end 10b of the elongated hole 21h than the end 10b of the other end 10b. The sliding member 50 is formed so that its length in the axial direction Da is longer than the length in the axial direction Da of the friction member 40 provided on the third plate 31.

[0022] As the friction material 40, it is preferable to use an alloy material or brake material that has excellent wear resistance. Furthermore, a stainless steel material is preferable as the sliding member 50. It is more preferable that the surface of this stainless steel material facing the friction member 40 is mirror-finished or polished in the axial direction Da to have thin, long lines extending in the axial direction Da, thereby giving it a hairline finish.

[0023] The friction vibration damper 10 includes a pressing mechanism 60. The pressing mechanism 60 includes a pressing plate 61, a bolt 62, and a nut 63. The pressure plate 61 is provided on the surface 31g of each of the pair of third plates 31, opposite the surface 31f facing the second plate 21. The pair of pressure plates 61 are provided so as to sandwich the pair of third plates 31 in the thickness direction Dt. The pressure plate 61 is a plate material having a length in the axial direction Da equal to that of the friction material 40 joined to the first plate 11 and the third plate 31. The pressure plate 61 is formed of a metal material such as steel. As shown in FIG. 4 , the pressure plate 61 has a length (width) in the width direction Dw that is approximately equal to the distance between the centers of the pair of friction materials 40 provided on the surface 31f of the third plate 31 with the hole 31h therebetween. As a result, the end edge 61e of the pressure plate 61 extending in the axial direction Da is located at the center of the friction material 40 in the width direction Dw. A plurality of holes 61h are formed in the pair of pressure plates 61 so as to penetrate the pressure plates 61 in the thickness direction Dt. The plurality of holes 61h are provided at intervals from one another in the axial direction Da in the central portion in the width direction Dw so as to correspond to each of the bolts 62 described next. 4, a protrusion 61t is formed on a surface 61f of each pressing plate 61 facing the third plate 31, protruding from the surface 61f toward the third plate 31. The protrusion 61t is formed over the entire pressing plate 61 in the axial direction Da, along an end edge 61e extending in the axial direction Da of the pressing plate 61.

[0024] The bolt 62 is provided from the side (the lower side in FIG. 4) of a surface 61g of one (the lower side in FIG. 4) pressing plate 61 opposite to the third plate 31 so that the shaft portion passes through the holes 11h, 31h, 61h and the elongated hole 21h of each of the stacked pressing plates 61, first plate 11, second plate 21 and third plate 31. A nut 63 is screwed onto the tip of the shaft portion from the side of the surface 61g of the other pressing plate 61 opposite to the third plate 31. By fastening the bolts 62 and nuts 63, the tips of the protrusions 61t of each pressing plate 61 and the surface 31g of the third plate 31, and the friction material 40 and the sliding material 50 joined to the first plate 11, the third plate 31 and the second plate 21, come into contact with each other and are pressed against each other. The bolts 62 and nuts 63 are tightened with torque control so that the friction force generated between the friction material 40 and the sliding material 50 becomes the value assumed at the time of design. In this way, the pressing mechanism 60 applies a pressing force between the pair of third plates 31 so that the friction material 40 and the sliding material 50 are pressed against each other.

[0025] The first plate 11 and the third plate 31 are joined to each other at end portions 11a, 31a on the one end 10a side via a spacer 35. The spacer 35 is a metal plate such as steel. At end portions 11b, 31b on the other end 10b side, one second plate 21, two friction materials 40, and two sliding materials 50 are provided between the opposing surfaces 11f, 31f of the first plate 11 and the third plate 31. The spacer 35 has a thickness in the thickness direction Dt that is approximately equal to the total thickness of the components provided between the surfaces 11f, 31f. The first plate 11, the pair of third plates 31, and the pair of spacers 35 are stacked in the thickness direction Dt and fixed to one another by bolts and nuts 36.

[0026] In this way, the pair of third plates 31 are provided so as to be immovable relative to the first plate 11. Furthermore, the pair of second plates 21 are not particularly fixed or joined to the first plate 11, but are provided so as to be movable relative to the first plate 11. The pair of third plates 31 are provided so as not to be movable relative to the first plate 11, and therefore the pair of second plates 21 are also provided so as to be movable relative to the pair of third plates 31. When a pair of second plates 21 move relative to the first plate 11 and the third plate 31, the sliding material 50 joined to the surface 21f of the second plate 21 and the friction material 40 joined to the surfaces 11f, 31f of the first plate 11 and the third plate 31 slide against each other. Therefore, two friction surfaces F1 are formed between the first plate 11 and the pair of second plates 21. Furthermore, one friction surface F3 is formed between each of the pair of second plates 21 and the opposing third plate 31. In other words, two friction surfaces F1, F3 are formed between each of the pair of second plates 21, the first plate 11 and the third plate 31 that are disposed on either side of the second plate 21. In this way, a total of four friction surfaces F1, F3 are formed in the entire friction vibration damper 10.

[0027] The friction vibration damper 10 includes a pair of second plate connecting plates 22. Each of the pair of second plate connecting plates 22 is joined to each of the pair of second plates 21 in each of the width directions Dw perpendicular to the axial direction Da between the pair of second plates 21 so as to connect the end edges 21e extending in the axial direction Da. Each of the pair of second plate connecting plates 22 is fixed to the end edges 21e of the second plates 21 by bolts 23. As a result, when the friction vibration damper 10 is viewed from the axial direction Da, a rectangular space is formed by a pair of second plate bodies 21 and a pair of second plate body connecting plates 22, and the first plate body 11 is contained within that space.

[0028] The friction vibration damper 10 includes a pair of third plate connecting plates 32. Each of the pair of third plate connecting plates 32 is joined to each of the pair of third plates 31 so as to connect the end edges 31e extending in the axial direction Da between the pair of third plates 31 in each of the width directions Dw. Each of the pair of third plate connecting plates 32 is fixed to the end edges 31e of the third plates 31 by bolts 33. As a result, when the friction vibration damper 10 is viewed from the axial direction Da, a rectangular space is formed by a pair of third plate bodies 31 and a pair of third plate body connecting plates 32, and the second plate body 21, the second plate body connecting plate 22, and the first plate body 11 located inside these second plate bodies 21 and second plate body connecting plate 22 are contained within that space.

[0029] The friction vibration damper 10 is provided at one end 10a with a mounting plate 70, a support plate 71, and a clevis pin 72. The mounting plate 70 is located closer to the end 10a than the end 11a of the first plate 11 on the one end 10a side, and is provided so as to extend in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction Da. The support plates 71 are provided parallel to the first plate 11. A pair of support plates 71 are provided so as to sandwich the end portion 11a of the first plate 11 in the thickness direction Dt. The pair of support plates 71 are joined to the mounting plate 70 so as to rise in the axial direction Da from the surface of the mounting plate 70 facing the first plate 11 toward the first plate 11. A hole 71j is opened in each of the pair of support plates 71 so as to penetrate the support plate 71 in the thickness direction Dt. The clevis pin 72 is provided so as to pass through the holes 11j, 71j of the first plate 11 and the pair of support plates 71. With this structure, the first plate 11 and the portion of the friction vibration damper 10 closer to the other end 10b than the first plate 11 are able to rotate in the width direction Dw around the clevis pin 72 relative to the mounting plate 70 and support plate 71.

[0030] The friction vibration damper 10 is equipped on the other end 10b side with a mounting plate 80, a support plate 81, and a clevis pin 82. The mounting plate 80 is located closer to the other end 10b than the end 21a of the second plate 21 on the other end 10b side, and is provided so as to extend in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction Da. The support plate 81 is provided parallel to the second plate bodies 21. The support plate 81 is provided so as to be sandwiched between the ends 21a of the pair of second plate bodies 21 in the thickness direction Dt. The support plate 81 is joined to the mounting plate 80 so as to rise in the axial direction Da from the surface of the mounting plate 80 facing the second plate body 21 toward the second plate body 21. A hole 81j is opened in the support plate 81 so as to penetrate the support plate 81 in the thickness direction Dt. The clevis pin 82 is provided so as to pass through the holes 21j, 81j of the pair of second plate members 21 and support plate 81. With this structure, the second plate 21 and the portion of the friction vibration damper 10 closer to the one end 10a than the second plate 21 are able to rotate in the width direction Dw around the clevis pin 82 relative to the mounting plate 80 and support plate 81.

[0031] In this embodiment, the friction vibration damper 10 is attached to the building 1 by joining the mounting plate 70 on one end 10a side to the lower mounting member 2a of the lower frame 2 and the mounting plate 80 on the other end 10b side to the upper mounting member 3a of the upper frame 3. The friction vibration damper 10 may also be attached to the building 1 by joining the mounting plate 70 on one end 10a side to the upper mounting member 3a of the upper frame 3 and the mounting plate 80 on the other end 10b side to the lower mounting member 2a of the lower frame 2. In this way, one end 10a of the friction vibration damper 10 is pin-joined to either the lower body 2 or the upper body 3, and the other end 10b is pin-joined to the other of the lower body 2 and the upper body 3. When an earthquake occurs and the building 1 shakes, the upper frame 3 moves horizontally relative to the lower frame 2 in the seismic isolation layer 4. In order to be able to follow this horizontal relative movement without impeding it, the friction vibration damper 10 is installed so that the rotation direction of the pin joint around the clevis pins 72, 82 is along the horizontal plane, the axial direction Da and width direction Dw are positioned within the horizontal plane, and the thickness direction Dt is along the height direction.

[0032] In a building 1 in which the above-described friction vibration damper 10 is provided in the seismic isolation layer 4, when strong winds or an earthquake occur, the upper frame 3 tends to move horizontally relative to the lower frame 2. The seismic isolation device 7 allows such relative movement. As a result, the part of the building 1 where one end 10a of the friction vibration damper 10 is provided (lower mounting member 2a) and the part where the other end 10b is provided (upper mounting member 3a) tend to move relative to each other. As a result, the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 tend to move together with the one end 10a, and the pair of second plates 21 tend to move together with the other end 10b, so that the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 and the pair of second plates 21 tend to move relative to each other.

[0033] Here, friction surfaces F1, F3 are formed between the second plate 21 and the first plate 11 and the third plate 31, respectively, by the friction material 40 and sliding material 50 provided therebetween being pressed by the pressing mechanism 60. When the friction force on the friction surfaces F1, F3 generated by the pressing mechanism 60 exceeds the force that attempts relative movement between the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 and the pair of second plates 21, relative movement between the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 and the pair of second plates 21 is not permitted, and therefore relative movement of the upper body 3 with respect to the lower body 2 is also not permitted. For example, it is conceivable to adjust and set the pressing force of the pressing mechanism 60 so that the friction force at the friction surfaces F1, F3 is greater than the force that attempts to move the first plate 11 and the pair of third plate bodies 31 relative to the pair of second plate bodies 21 when the upper structure 3 is hit by the wind and sways relative to the lower structure 2 during strong winds. In this case, the relative movement of the upper structure 3 with respect to the lower structure 2 during strong winds is suppressed, suppressing the lateral vibration of the upper structure 3, and preventing the upper structure 3 from continuing to sway for a long period of time, thereby preventing impairment of living comfort.

[0034] At the same time, the pressing force of the pressing mechanism 60 can be adjusted and set so that the friction force at the friction surfaces F1 and F3 is smaller than the force that causes the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 to move relative to the pair of second plates 21 when the upper frame 3 shakes relative to the lower frame 2 during a (large) earthquake. In this case, relative movement of the upper frame 3 with respect to the lower frame 2 is permitted. At this time, the first plate 11, the pair of third plates 31, and the pair of pressing plates 61 are integrated at the one end 10a by inserting bolts 62 into holes 11h, 31h, and 61h that are provided corresponding to the bolts 62, and by threading nuts 63 onto the bolts 62. Although the bolts 62 are inserted through elongated holes 21h in the pair of second plates 21, the elongated holes 21h are arranged to extend in the axial direction Da. Therefore, the bolt 62 is movable in the axial direction Da relative to the second plate 21. Therefore, the first plate 11, the pair of third plates 31, and the pair of pressing plates 61 move relative to the pair of second plates 21. The direction of this relative movement is along the axial direction Da, because the direction in which the long holes 21h of the second plate 21 are provided is the axial direction Da, and relative movement in the width direction Dw is suppressed. Furthermore, a pair of second plate connecting plates 22 are provided on both sides of the first plate 11 in the width direction Dw, and a pair of third plate connecting plates 32 are provided on both sides of the pair of second plates 21 in the width direction Dw. Therefore, even if the first plate 11, the pair of third plates 31, and the pair of pressing plates 61 move relative to the pair of second plates 21 in the width direction Dw, this relative movement can be suppressed by the second plate connecting plates 22 and the third plate connecting plates 32. Furthermore, since the first plate body 11, the pair of second plate bodies 21, and the pair of third plate bodies 31 are stacked in the thickness direction Dt, relative movement in the thickness direction Dt between the first plate body 11, the pair of third plate bodies 31, and the pair of pressure plates 61 and the pair of second plate bodies 21 is suppressed. In this way, the direction of relative movement between the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 and the pair of second plates 21 is limited to the axial direction Da and is along the axial direction Da.

[0035] Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the friction vibration damper contracted in the axial direction, and Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the friction vibration damper expanded in the axial direction. When the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 and the pair of second plates 21 move relative to each other so that one end 10a and the other end 10b approach each other, the friction vibration damper 10 changes from a normal state in which the building 1 is not shaking as shown in Fig. 3 to a contracted state as a whole as shown in Fig. 6. When the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 and the pair of second plates 21 move relative to each other so that one end 10a and the other end 10b move away from each other, the friction vibration damper 10 changes from a normal state in which the building 1 is not shaking as shown in Fig. 3 to an extended state as a whole as shown in Fig. 7. As the upper structure 3 vibrates, the friction vibration damper 10 repeatedly contracts and expands as described above. At this time, the friction material 40 and the sliding material 50 provided between the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 and the pair of second plates 21 slide against each other, and the friction force generated at the friction surfaces F1 and F3 consumes the kinetic energy of the upper structure 3 moving relative to the lower structure 2. In this way, the vibration of the upper structure 3 is damped.

[0036] Here, in the friction vibration damper 10 of this embodiment, a pressing force is generated on the third plate 31 by a set of pressing mechanisms 60, thereby providing four friction surfaces F1, F3. Therefore, compared to a configuration in which two friction surfaces are generated by a set of pressing mechanisms 60, for example, the friction force per bolt 62 of the pressing mechanisms 60 is simply doubled. In this way, it is possible to make the friction force generated between the second plate 21 and the first and third plate 31 stronger, and the damping force can be increased. The pressing force of the pressing mechanism 60 is transmitted from the bolts 62 and nuts 63 to the pair of pressing plates 61 and to each of the pair of third plates 31. Since each of the pair of pressing plates 61 is in contact with the third plate 31 at its protrusion 61t, each of the pair of third plates 31 receives the pressing force from the pressing plate 61 in a concentrated manner from the protrusion 61t of the pressing plate 61. The end edge 61e of the pressing plate 61 extending in the axial direction Da is located at the center of the friction material 40 in the width direction Dw, and therefore the protrusion 61t formed on the end edge 61e is also located at the center of the friction material 40. Therefore, the pressure received in a concentrated manner from the protrusion 61t is transmitted from the protrusion 61t toward the friction material 40 in the thickness direction Dt and spreads in the width direction Dw, and is transmitted evenly to the entire friction material 40 in the width direction Dw. As a result, a substantially uniform surface pressure is transmitted to the friction material 40 . In this way, the surface pressure acting on the friction material 40 is almost uniform, and therefore the friction force generated on the friction surfaces F1, F3 is not concentrated in a specific part of the friction material 40 but is generated uniformly over the entire area of ​​the friction material 40. This suppresses localized wear of the friction material 40 and allows the damping performance to be maintained at the time of manufacture. In this way, the friction vibration damper 10 can efficiently damp vibrations of the upper body 3.

[0037] The friction vibration damper 10 as described above is a friction vibration damper 10 in which one end 10a and the other end 10b are respectively joined to different parts of the building 1, and damps the relative movement between the different parts to reduce the shaking of the building 1. The friction vibration damper 10 comprises a first plate 11 provided on the side of the one end 10a and extending toward the other end 10b, a pair of second plates 21 provided on the side of the other end 10b and extending toward the one end 10a, and arranged to be movable relative to the first plate 11 so as to sandwich the first plate 11 therebetween, and a pair of second plates 21 arranged to be immovable relative to the first plate 11 so as to sandwich each of the pair of second plates 21 between themselves and the first plate 11. and a third plate 31, and between each of the surfaces 21f of the pair of second plates 21 and the surfaces 11f, 31f of the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 facing said surface 21f, a friction material 40 is bonded to one of the surfaces 11f, 21f, 31f, and a sliding material 50 is bonded to the other surface 11f, 21f, 31f, and further provided is a pressing mechanism 60 that applies a pressing force between the pair of third plates 31 so that the friction material 40 and the sliding material 50 are pressed against each other, and in each of the pair of second plates 21, two friction surfaces F1, F3 are formed between the first plate 11 and the third plate which are arranged on either side of the second plate 21. According to the above-described configuration, a first plate 11 is provided on one end 10a of the friction vibration damper 10 so as to extend toward the other end 10b. Furthermore, a second plate 21 is provided on the other end 10b of the friction vibration damper 10 so as to extend toward the one end 10a. A pair of second plates 21 are provided so as to sandwich the first plate 11 therebetween. Furthermore, a pair of third plates 31 are provided so as to sandwich each of the pair of second plates 21 between the pair of second plates 21 and the first plate 11. Between the surface 21f of the pair of second plates 21 and the surfaces 11f, 31f of the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 facing the surface 21f, a friction material 40 is bonded to one of the surfaces 11f, 21f, 31f, and a sliding material 50 is bonded to the other surface 11f, 21f, 31f, and a pressing force is applied between the pair of third plates 31 by a pressing mechanism 60 so that the friction material 40 and the sliding material 50 are pressed against each other. As a result, friction surfaces F1, F3 are formed between the second plate 21 and the first plate 11 and the third plate, respectively. Here, the pair of second plates 21 provided on the side of the other end 10b of the friction vibration damper 10 are provided so as to be movable relative to the first plate 11 provided on the side of one end 10a. Furthermore, the pair of third plates 31 are provided so as not to be movable relative to the first plate 11, and therefore the pair of second plates 21 are also movable relative to the pair of third plates 31. When such a friction vibration damper 10 is provided with one end 10a and the other end 10b joined to different parts of the building 1, if the building 1 sways and the part of the building 1 where the one end 10a is provided and the part of the building 1 where the other end 10b is provided move relative to each other, the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 move together with the one end 10a, and the pair of second plates 21 move together with the other end 10b, causing the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 and the pair of second plates 21 to move relative to each other. At this time, if the force attempting this relative movement is smaller than the frictional force generated on the friction surfaces F1, F3 formed between these plates as described above, relative movement is not permitted. On the other hand, if the force attempting relative movement is larger than the frictional force, the frictional material 40 and the sliding material 50 provided between the surface 21f of the pair of second plates 21 and the surfaces 11f, 31f of the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 facing the surface 21f slide against each other, thereby permitting relative movement. At the same time, the frictional force absorbs vibration energy, thereby damping the shaking of the building 1. In the friction vibration damper 10 described above, two friction surfaces F1, F3 are formed between each of the pair of second plates 21 and the first plate 11 and third plate that are disposed on either side of the second plate 21. Therefore, the friction vibration damper 10 as a whole has four friction surfaces F1, F3. Therefore, the total amount of friction force generated between the plates 11, 21, 31 in the entire friction vibration damper 10 can be made stronger than, for example, when a conventional configuration having two friction surfaces is used, and the damping force can be made higher. Furthermore, the above-described friction vibration damper 10 can basically be realized by stacking multiple plates 11, 21, 31 and pressing them against each other using a pressing mechanism 60. This allows for a compact configuration. In particular, as described above, the friction vibration damper 10 can achieve a high damping force by having four friction surfaces F1, F3. Therefore, it can achieve the same damping force as, for example, a conventional configuration having two friction surfaces, but in a smaller, more compact design. In this way, it is possible to provide a friction vibration damper 10 that can have a compact structure and yet have a high damping force.

[0038] The friction vibration damper 10 further includes a pair of second plate connecting plates 22 joined to each of the pair of second plate bodies 21 so as to connect the end edges 21e extending in the axial direction Da in each of the width directions Dw perpendicular to the axial direction Da connecting one end 10a and the other end 10b between the pair of second plate bodies 21, and a pair of third plate connecting plates 32 joined to each of the pair of third plate bodies 31 so as to connect the end edges 31e extending in the axial direction Da in each of the width directions Dw between the pair of third plate bodies 31. According to the above-described configuration, the frictional vibration damper 10 includes a pair of second plate connecting plates 22 joined to each of the pair of second plates 21 in each width direction Dw perpendicular to the axial direction Da connecting the one end 10a and the other end 10b between the pair of second plates 21 so as to connect the end edges 21e extending in the axial direction Da. The frictional vibration damper 10 also includes a pair of third plate connecting plates 32 joined to each of the pair of third plates 31 in each width direction Dw between the pair of third plates 31 so as to connect the end edges 31e extending in the axial direction Da. As a result, when the friction vibration damper 10 is viewed from the axial direction Da, the first plate 11 is surrounded on its periphery in a rectangular shape from the outside by the pair of second plates 21 and the pair of second plate connecting plates 22, and the first plate 11 and the pair of second plates 21 are further surrounded on their periphery in a rectangular shape from the outside by the pair of third plates 31 and the pair of third plate connecting plates 32. With this configuration, relative movement between the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 and the pair of second plates 21 in directions different from the axial direction Da is suppressed, and the direction of relative movement is along the axial direction Da. Therefore, when the building 1 shakes and the part of the building 1 where one end 10a is provided and the part where the other end 10b is provided move relatively, causing the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 and the pair of second plates 21 to move relatively, the surface 21f of the pair of second plates 21 and the surfaces 11f, 31f of the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 are maintained facing each other, and the friction material 40 and the sliding material 50 joined to each of these surfaces 11f, 31f are maintained in pressure contact by the pressing mechanism 60. Therefore, the friction vibration damper 10 can stably attenuate the shaking of the building 1. Furthermore, the pair of second plates 21 are connected at their end edges 21e extending in the axial direction Da by the pair of second plate connecting plates 22, so that the pair of second plates 21 and the pair of second plate connecting plates 22 form a hollow rectangular cross section when viewed from the axial direction Da, and the second plates 21 are restrained by the second plate connecting plates 22. Therefore, when a compressive force acts on the second plates 21 in the axial direction Da due to the frictional force generated between the friction material 40 and the sliding material 50, even if the pair of second plates 21 attempt to buckle, this is suppressed by the pair of second plate connecting plates 22. Similarly, the pair of third plates 31 have their end edges 31e extending in the axial direction Da connected to each other by the pair of third plate connecting plates 32. Therefore, the pair of third plates 31 and the pair of third plate connecting plates 32 form a hollow rectangular cross section when viewed from the axial direction Da, and the third plates 31 are restrained by the third plate connecting plates 32. Therefore, even if the pair of third plates 31 attempt to buckle, this is suppressed by the pair of third plate connecting plates 32. As described above, buckling of the pair of second plates 21 and the pair of third plates 31 is efficiently suppressed, so it is possible to reduce the thickness of the pair of second plates 21 and the pair of third plates 31. This allows the friction vibration damper 10 to be made even more compact.

[0039] The building 1 also comprises an upper structure 3, a lower structure 2, and a seismic isolation layer 4 located between the upper structure 3 and the lower structure 2, with one end 10a pin-joined to either the upper structure 3 or the lower structure 2, and the other end 10b pin-joined to the other of the upper structure 3 and the lower structure 2. According to the above-described configuration, the friction vibration damper 10 can be used as a damper in the seismic isolation layer 4 to attenuate the vibration of the upper frame 3 .

[0040] Shaking of the building 1 can be caused by strong winds or earthquakes. Generally, oil dampers are widely used in the seismic isolation layer 4 as dampers to attenuate this shaking. However, if oil dampers are used in the seismic isolation layer 4 and a configuration is attempted in which the upper structure 3 in the seismic isolation layer 4 is not allowed to move relative to the lower structure 2 during strong winds in order to maintain occupant comfort, a sophisticated control mechanism is required, such as opening and closing the oil flow path according to the wind speed using a wind speed sensor or an electro-hydraulic controller. Furthermore, operating such a structure constantly consumes electricity. Therefore, installation and maintenance costs are high. In response to this, by using the above-described friction vibration damper 10 and appropriately adjusting and setting the pressing force of the pressing mechanism 60, as already explained, it is possible to simply realize a structure that suppresses lateral vibration of the upper structure 3 during strong winds and quickly damps and reduces after-shocks following a major earthquake. Furthermore, no electricity is required to operate such a structure, which makes it possible to reduce installation and maintenance costs.

[0041] Generally, conventionally used friction dampers are basically installed inside the column-beam frame that constitutes a building so as to follow the inter-story displacement within the structural plane of the column-beam frame. When damping the inter-story displacement of such a column-beam frame, the sliding length of the parts that move relative to each other and slide to generate frictional force, i.e., the stroke length when the damper expands and contracts, is sufficient, for example, a few centimeters. In other words, the stroke length of conventionally used friction dampers is basically only about a few centimeters. However, when installing a damper in the seismic isolation layer 4, the stroke length required for the damper is several tens of centimeters to one meter. Therefore, it is difficult to adopt a conventional friction damper as a damper to be installed in the seismic isolation layer 4.

[0042] In contrast, in the friction vibration damper 10 described above, the length in the axial direction Da of each of the first plate body 11, the pair of second plate bodies 21, and the pair of third plate bodies 31 can, in principle, be increased without any restrictions. For example, in a normal state in which the building 1 is not shaking, as shown in Figure 3, by making each of the following lengths sufficient: the distance from the end 11b on the other end 10b side of the first plate 11 to the support plate 81; the distance from the end 21b on one end 10a side of the second plate 21 to the spacer 35; and the distance between the bolt 62 provided closest to the other end 10b and the end on the other end 10b side of the long hole 21h of the second plate 21; the stroke length when the friction vibration damper 10 contracts, as shown in Figure 6, can be made large. Furthermore, in a normal state in which the building 1 is not shaking, as shown in Figure 3, by making each of the distances between the bolt 62 provided closest to the one end 10a and the end of the long hole 21h of the second plate 21 on the one end 10a side sufficiently long, the stroke length when the friction vibration damper 10 contracts as shown in Figure 7 can be made large. In this way, the configuration of this embodiment can realize a friction vibration damper 10 with a stroke length long enough to be installed in the seismic isolation layer 4. By installing such a friction vibration damper 10 in the seismic isolation layer 4, it is possible to reduce installation and maintenance costs, suppress lateral vibration of the upper structure 3 during strong winds, and quickly attenuate and reduce after-seismic vibration during a major earthquake.

[0043] Increasing the length in the axial direction Da of each of the first plate 11, the pair of second plate members 21, and the pair of third plate members 31 to achieve the long stroke length described above increases the likelihood of buckling of the second plate members 21 and the third plate members 31 when the friction vibration damper 10 contracts. Increasing the thickness of the second plate members 21 and the third plate members 31 is one way to reduce the likelihood of buckling. However, in this case, the weight of the second plate members 21 and the third plate members 31 increases, causing the second plate members 21 and the third plate members 31 to bend under their own weight, which may result in inefficient friction between the friction material 40 and the sliding member 50. Furthermore, the increased weight increases transportation costs and material costs. In contrast, as already explained, the above-mentioned friction vibration damper 10 is configured to suppress buckling of the second plate 21 and the third plate 31 by the second plate connecting plate 22 and the third plate connecting plate 32. This reduces the need to increase the thickness of the second plate 21 and the third plate 31 in order to suppress buckling, and suppresses an increase in the weight of the second plate 21 and the third plate 31. This makes it possible to realize a configuration in which frictional force due to sliding between the friction material 40 and the sliding material 50 is efficiently exerted, while suppressing increases in transportation costs and material costs.

[0044] (Modification of the embodiment) Next, a modified example of the friction vibration damper 10 shown as the above embodiment will be described with reference to Figures 8 and 9. Figure 8 is a side view of the friction vibration damper according to this modified example installed on a column-beam frame of a building. Figure 9 is a side view of the friction vibration damper according to this modified example installed on a column-beam frame of a building in another state. The friction vibration damper 10A of this modified example is arranged as a brace by having one end 10a and the other end 10b joined to the inside of the column-beam frame 8 that constitutes the building 1.

[0045] For example, in Figs. 8 and 9, a friction vibration damper 10A is provided within the structural plane of a column-beam frame 8 formed by columns 5 adjacent to each other on the left and right and beams 6 adjacent to each other on the top and bottom. In Figure 8, one end 10a of the friction vibration damper 10A on the first plate 11 side and the other end 10b on the second plate 21 side are each joined to a column-beam joint J where a column 5 and a beam 6 are joined. More specifically, one end 10a of the friction vibration damper 10A on the first plate 11 side is joined to a column-beam joint J between the column 5 located on the left side in Figure 8 and the beam 6 located above, and the other end 10b on the second plate 21 side is joined to a column-beam joint J between the column 5 located on the right side and the beam 6 located below. In this way, the friction vibration damper 10A is provided so as to be positioned on a diagonal line of the rectangular column-beam frame 8. 9, two friction vibration dampers 10A are provided within the beam-column structure 8. One end 10a of each of the two friction vibration dampers 10A on the first plate 11 side is joined to the center of the beam 6 located above, and the other end 10b on the second plate 21 side is joined to each of the beam-column joints J formed by the beam 6 located below and the adjacent column 5. In this modified example, the friction vibration damper 10A does not have the mounting plates 70, 80, support plates 71, 81, and clevis pins 72, 82 as in the above embodiment, and each end of the first plate 11 and the second plate 21 forms one end 10a and the other end 10b of the friction vibration damper 10A, respectively. The friction vibration damper 10A has each end of the first plate 11 and the second plate 21 joined to the column-beam frame 8 directly or via an appropriate bracket.

[0046] In this way, in the friction vibration damper 10A of this modified example, one end 10a and the other end 10b are joined to the inside of the column-beam frame 8 that constitutes the building 1, and thus the friction vibration damper 10A is arranged as a brace. According to the above-described configuration, the friction vibration damper 10A can be used as a vibration-damping brace.

[0047] In this way, when the friction vibration damper 10A is provided within the structural surface of the beam-column frame 8 and used as a vibration-damping brace, as explained in the above embodiment, a particularly long stroke length is not required, and therefore the lengths of the plates 11, 21, and 31 can be reduced. In this case, since the possibility of buckling of the second plate 21 and the third plate 31 is reduced, the second plate connecting plate 22 and the third plate connecting plate 32 may not be provided.

[0048] The friction vibration damper of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and modified examples explained with reference to the drawings, and various other modified examples are conceivable within the technical scope thereof. For example, in the above modified example, a friction vibration damper 10A was used that does not have mounting plates 70, 80, support plates 71, 81, and clevis pins 72, 82, but even in this case, a friction vibration damper 10 as described in the above embodiment may be used and configured so that one end 10a and the other end 10b are pin-connected to the column-beam structure 8. In the above embodiment, the friction vibration damper 10 is provided in the seismic isolation layer 4 between the lower skeleton 2, which has been described as the foundation, and the upper skeleton 3, but this is not limiting. For example, the seismic isolation layer 4 may be an intermediate-floor seismic isolation layer provided between the lower skeleton 2, which has multiple floors above the foundation, and the upper skeleton 3, which is higher up.

[0049] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the relative movement of the first plate 11 and the pair of third plate members 31, and the pair of second plate members 21 in a direction different from the axial direction Da is suppressed mainly by the bolt 62 of the pressing mechanism 60 moving along the elongated hole 21h of the second plate member 21. In addition to this, it has been explained above that the movement direction of each of the plates 11, 21, 31 can also be limited to the axial direction Da by the pair of second plate member connecting plates 22 and third plate member connecting plate 32. As described above, the friction vibration damper 10 of the above embodiment has a plurality of mechanisms for limiting the relative movement between the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 and the pair of second plates 21 to the axial direction Da. For this reason, for example, the pressing mechanism may not include the bolts 62 that penetrate each of the plates 11, 21, 31 in the thickness direction Dt, but may be realized as a configuration that generates a pressing force between the pair of third plates 31 from the outside of the third plate connecting plate 32 in the width direction Dw using a structure such as a clamp, and the relative movement between the first plate 11 and the pair of third plates 31 and the pair of second plates 21 may be limited to the axial direction Da by only the second plate connecting plate 22 and the third plate connecting plate 32. In such a case, it is preferable to provide a sliding material or the like between the inner surface of the second plate-body connecting plate 22 and the surface (side) of the first plate body 11 facing it, and between the outer surface of the second plate-body connecting plate 22 and the inner surface of the third plate-body connecting plate 32, for example, in the width direction Dw, so that these surfaces are always in contact and can slide smoothly between each other.

[0050] In addition to this, it is possible to select and discard the configurations given in the above embodiments and modifications, or to change them to other configurations as appropriate. [Explanation of symbols]

[0051] 1 Building 21F Second Panel Surface 2 Lower frame 22 2nd plate connection plate 3 Upper frame 31 Third plate 4 Seismic isolation layer 31e End of third plate 7 Seismic isolation device 31f Surface of the third plate 8 Column beam frame 32 Third plate connection plate 10, 10A Friction vibration damper 40 Friction material 10a One end 50 Sliding member 10b other end 60 pressing mechanism 11 First plate F1, F3 Friction surface 11f Surface of the first plate Da Axial direction 21 Second plate Dw width direction 21e End edge of second plate Dt Thickness direction

Claims

1. A friction vibration damper having one end and the other end connected to different parts of a building, which damps relative movement between the different parts to reduce shaking of the building, a first plate provided on the one end side and extending toward the other end; a pair of second plates provided on the other end side, extending toward the one end, and movable relative to the first plate so as to sandwich the first plate; a pair of third plates that are provided so as to be immovable relative to the first plates and sandwich each of the pair of second plates between the pair of third plates and the first plates; Equipped with Between the surfaces of the pair of second plates and the surfaces of the first plate and the pair of third plates facing the surfaces, a friction material is bonded to one of the surfaces, and a sliding material is bonded to the other surface, a pressing mechanism that applies a pressing force between the pair of third plates so that the friction material and the sliding material are pressed against each other; In each of the pair of second plates, two friction surfaces are formed between the first plate and the third plate, which are disposed on either side of the second plate. A friction vibration damper characterized by:

2. a pair of second plate body connecting plates joined to each of the pair of second plate bodies so as to connect end sides extending in the axial direction between the pair of second plate bodies in each width direction perpendicular to the axial direction connecting the one end and the other end; a pair of third plate body connecting plates joined to each of the pair of third plate bodies so as to connect end sides extending in the axial direction between the pair of third plate bodies in each of the width directions; 2. The friction vibration damper of claim 1, further comprising:

3. The one end and the other end are respectively joined to the inside of a column-beam frame that constitutes the building, and are arranged as a brace, or The building comprises an upper frame, a lower frame, and a seismic isolation layer located between the upper frame and the lower frame, and the one end is pin-connected to either the upper frame or the lower frame, and the other end is pin-connected to the other of the upper frame and the lower frame.

3. The friction vibration damper according to claim 1 or 2.

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