Terminal and positioning method

Abstract

To report measurement results of positioning reference signals in direct communication between terminals.SOLUTION: A terminal includes a receiving unit that receives a signal related to positioning in direct communication between terminals from another terminal in a first resource pool, a control unit that performs measurement based on the signal related to positioning in the direct communication between terminals, and a transmitting unit that transmits information based on the measurement to the other terminal in a second resource pool. The control unit determines the first resource pool and the second resource pool.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 21

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a terminal and a positioning method in a wireless communication system. [Background technology]

[0002] In LTE (Long Term Evolution) and successor systems to LTE (e.g., LTE-A (LTE Advanced) and NR (New Radio) (also known as 5G)), D2D (Device to Device) technology is being considered, which allows terminals to communicate directly with each other without going through a base station (e.g., Non-Patent Document 1).

[0003] D2D reduces traffic between terminals and base stations and enables communication between terminals even when the base station becomes unavailable due to a disaster or other reason. While 3GPP (registered trademark) refers to D2D as "sidelink," the more general term "D2D" is used in this specification. However, sidelink is also used as needed in the description of the embodiments described below.

[0004] D2D communication is broadly divided into D2D discovery (also referred to as D2D discovery) for discovering other terminals with which communication is possible, and D2D communication (also referred to as D2D direct communication, D2D communication, terminal-to-terminal direct communication, etc.) for direct communication between terminals. Hereinafter, when there is no particular distinction between D2D communication, D2D discovery, etc., they will be simply referred to as D2D. Furthermore, signals transmitted and received in D2D will be referred to as D2D signals. Various use cases for services related to Vehicle to Everything (V2X) in NR are being studied (for example, Non-Patent Document 2). [Prior art documents] [Non-patent literature]

[0005] [Non-Patent Document 1] 3GPP TS 38.211 V17.3.0(2022-09) [Non-patent document 2] 3GPP TR 22.886 V16.2.0(2018-12) [Non-patent document 3] 3GPP TS 38.305 V17.2.0(2022-09) [Non-patent document 4] 3GPP TS 38.455 V17.2.0(2022-09) [Non-patent document 5] 3GPP TS 37.355 V17.2.0(2022-09) [Non-patent document 6] 3GPP TS 23.032 V17.2.0(2021-12) [Non-Patent Document 7] 3GPP TS 38.215 V17.2.0(2022-09) Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Positioning is being considered in scenarios of direct communication between end devices, such as in-coverage, partial coverage, and out-of-coverage, or in Vehicle to Everything (V2X), public safety, commercial use, and Industrial Internet of Things (IIOT), etc. Here, when receiving a positioning reference signal in direct communication between end devices and reporting the measurement results, there are cases where the measurement results cannot be reported in the resource pool that received the reference signal.

[0007] The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and has an object to report measurement results of positioning reference signals in direct communication between terminals. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] According to the disclosed technology, a terminal is provided that includes a receiving unit that receives a signal related to positioning in direct communication between terminals from a terminal in a first resource pool, a control unit that performs measurement based on the signal related to positioning in the direct communication between terminals, and a transmitting unit that transmits information based on the measurement to the terminal in a second resource pool, wherein the control unit determines the first resource pool and the second resource pool. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the disclosed technology, it is possible to report the measurement results of positioning reference signals in direct communication between terminals. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a wireless communication system. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining V2X. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of communication in D2D. [Figure 4] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example (1) of positioning. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of measuring DL-RSTD. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of measuring UL-RTOA. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example (2) of positioning. [Figure 8] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of measuring RTT. [Figure 9] 1 is a flowchart illustrating an example (1) of position estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 10] FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example (1) of position estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement of reference signals according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 12] 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example (2) of position estimation according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example (2) of position estimation according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example (3) of position estimation according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example (3) of position estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 16] 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example (4) of position estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example (4) of position estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 18] 10 is a flowchart illustrating an example (5) of location estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example (5) of position estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 20] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example (1) of a resource pool according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 21] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example (2) of a resource pool according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 22] FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram for explaining an example (1) of reporting a measurement result according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 23] FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram for explaining an example (2) of reporting a measurement result according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 24] 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a base station 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 25] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a terminal 20 according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 26] 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of a base station 10 or a terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 27] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a vehicle 2001 according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiment described below is an example, and the embodiment to which the present invention is applied is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0012] In the operation of the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention, existing technologies are used as appropriate. However, the existing technologies are, for example, but not limited to, the existing LTE. Furthermore, the term "LTE" used in this specification has a broad meaning including LTE-Advanced, a system subsequent to LTE-Advanced (e.g., NR), or a wireless LAN (Local Area Network), unless otherwise specified.

[0013] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, the duplex method may be a TDD (Time Division Duplex) method, an FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) method, or other methods (for example, Flexible Duplex, etc.).

[0014] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present invention, when radio parameters and the like are "configured," it may mean that predetermined values ​​are pre-configured, or that radio parameters notified from the base station 10 or the terminal 20 are set.

[0015] Fig. 1 is a diagram for explaining a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 1, the wireless communication system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a base station 10 and a terminal 20. Although Fig. 1 shows one base station 10 and one terminal 20, this is an example, and there may be a plurality of each.

[0016] The base station 10 is a communication device that provides one or more cells and performs wireless communication with the terminal 20. The physical resources of a wireless signal are defined in the time domain and the frequency domain, and the time domain may be defined by the number of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, and the frequency domain may be defined by the number of subcarriers or the number of resource blocks. Furthermore, a TTI (Transmission Time Interval) in the time domain may be a slot, or a TTI may be a subframe.

[0017] The base station 10 transmits a synchronization signal and system information to the terminal 20. The synchronization signal is, for example, NR-PSS and NR-SSS. The system information is transmitted, for example, via the NR-PBCH and is also referred to as broadcast information. The synchronization signal and system information may be referred to as an SSB (SS / PBCH block). As shown in FIG. 1 , the base station 10 transmits control signals or data to the terminal 20 via DL (Downlink) and receives control signals or data from the terminal 20 via UL (Uplink). Both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 are capable of transmitting and receiving signals by performing beamforming. Furthermore, both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 are capable of applying MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) communication to DL or UL. Furthermore, both the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may communicate via a secondary cell (SCell) and a primary cell (PCell) using Carrier Aggregation (CA). Furthermore, the terminal 20 may perform communication via a primary cell of the base station 10 and a primary secondary cell group cell (PSCell: Primary SCG Cell) of another base station 10 using DC (Dual Connectivity).

[0018] The terminal 20 is a communication device equipped with a wireless communication function, such as a smartphone, a mobile phone, a tablet, a wearable terminal, or an M2M (Machine-to-Machine) communication module. As shown in FIG. 1, the terminal 20 receives control signals or data from the base station 10 via DL and transmits control signals or data to the base station 10 via UL, thereby utilizing various communication services provided by the wireless communication system. The terminal 20 also receives various reference signals transmitted from the base station 10 and measures the propagation path quality based on the reception results of the reference signals. The terminal 20 may also be referred to as a UE, and the base station 10 may also be referred to as a gNB.

[0019] In addition, LTE and NR support a carrier aggregation function that uses wideband to secure data resources. The carrier aggregation function can secure wideband data resources by aggregating multiple component carriers. For example, a 100MHz bandwidth can be used by aggregating multiple 20MHz bandwidths.

[0020] Figure 2 is a diagram for explaining V2X. 3GPP is studying the realization of V2X (Vehicle to Everything) or eV2X (enhanced V2X) by extending the D2D function, and is currently working on specifications. As shown in Figure 1, V2X is part of ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems) and is a collective term for V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle), which refers to a form of communication between vehicles; V2I (Vehicle to Infrastructure), which refers to a form of communication between vehicles and roadside units (RSUs) installed on the side of the road; V2N (Vehicle to Network), which refers to a form of communication between vehicles and ITS servers; and V2P (Vehicle to Pedestrian), which refers to a form of communication between vehicles and mobile terminals carried by pedestrians.

[0021] Additionally, 3GPP is studying V2X using LTE or NR cellular communications and device-to-device communications. V2X using cellular communications is also called cellular V2X. NR V2X is being studied to achieve high capacity, low latency, high reliability, and quality of service (QoS) control.

[0022] It is expected that future studies of LTE or NR V2X will be conducted beyond the 3GPP specifications, including ensuring interoperability, reducing costs through implementation of higher layers, using or switching between multiple RATs (Radio Access Technologies), complying with regulations in each country, and methods for acquiring, distributing, managing databases, and using data from LTE or NR V2X platforms.

[0023] In the embodiments of the present invention, a communication device is mainly assumed to be mounted on a vehicle, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. For example, the communication device may be a terminal held by a person, a device mounted on a drone or an aircraft, a base station, an RSU, a relay station (relay node), a terminal with scheduling capability, etc.

[0024] Note that SL (Sidelink) may be distinguished from UL (Uplink) or DL ​​(Downlink) based on any one or a combination of the following 1) to 4). SL may also be called by other names. 1) Time domain resource allocation 2) Frequency domain resource allocation 3) Reference synchronization signal (including SLSS (Sidelink Synchronization Signal)) 4) Reference signal used for path loss measurement for transmission power control

[0025] Furthermore, with regard to SL or UL Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), any of CP-OFDM (Cyclic-Prefix OFDM), DFT-S-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform - Spread - OFDM), non-transform precoded OFDM, and transform precoded OFDM may be applied.

[0026] In the LTE SL, Mode 3 and Mode 4 are defined for SL resource allocation to terminal 20. In Mode 3, transmission resources are dynamically allocated by DCI (Downlink Control Information) transmitted from base station 10 to terminal 20. Also, in Mode 3, SPS (Semi Persistent Scheduling) is possible. In Mode 4, terminal 20 autonomously selects transmission resources from a resource pool.

[0027] Note that the term "slot" in the embodiments of the present invention may be interpreted as a symbol, a minislot, a subframe, a radio frame, a TTI (Transmission Time Interval), a time resource of a predetermined width, etc. Furthermore, the term "cell" in the embodiments of the present invention may be interpreted as a cell group, a carrier component, a BWP, a resource pool, a resource, a RAT (Radio Access Technology), a system (including a wireless LAN), etc.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal 20 is not limited to a V2X terminal, and may be any type of terminal that performs D2D communication. For example, the terminal 20 may be a terminal carried by a user, such as a smartphone, or may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device, such as a smart meter.

[0029] FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of communication in D2D. As shown in FIG. 3, an environment is assumed in which multiple UEs, such as UE#A, UE#B, UE#C, and UE#D, communicate with each other. A resource pool used by each UE for transmission and reception is a set of resources in the time domain and the frequency domain. The resource pool may be configured or pre-configured by a system or a service provider. For example, in the resource pool, several time resources based on a periodicity may be available for periodic traffic. Also, for example, in the resource pool, some frequency resources may be unavailable to reduce interference with the Uu interface (a radio interface between a Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) and a User Equipment (UE)).

[0030] The subchannel in the resource pool shown in Figure 3 is a unit of scheduling in the frequency domain. For example, {10, 12, 15, 20, 25, 50, 75, 100} PRBs may be configured or pre-configured as one subchannel.

[0031] The slot in the resource pool shown in Figure 3 is the unit of time domain scheduling. Symbol-based scheduling may be too complicated for UEs to autonomously select resources. However, slot-based scheduling is not required.

[0032] As shown in Figure 3, the beginning of a slot transmitted from UE#A to UE#B is a transient period from the perspective of the transmitting UE. The transient period is the period required for adjusting the transmission power. On the other hand, the beginning of a slot transmitted from UE#A to UE#B is used for AGC (Auto Gain Control) from the perspective of the receiving UE. The received power differs greatly between links, and a certain period is required to adjust the power range. Scheduling on a slot-by-slot basis can prevent an increase in AGC opportunities.

[0033] As shown in Figure 3, the end of the slot for transmission from UE#A to UE#B is used as a transmission / reception switching period. A UE may transmit in slot n and then receive in slot n+1. The transmission / reception switching period is defined for each slot.

[0034] As shown in Figure 3, if a transmission from UE#C to UE#A and a transmission from UE#D to UE#C overlap in the same slot, UE#C cannot transmit and receive simultaneously and must therefore drop one of the transmissions. In other words, D2D communication becomes half-duplex communication.

[0035] Note that the default setting when out of the coverage of the base station may be pre-configured. Note that RRC connection / setting between UEs that perform unicast is called PC5-RRC connection / setting.

[0036] Here, positioning is considered in scenarios of direct communication between devices, such as in-coverage, partial coverage, and out-of-coverage, or in scenarios such as V2X (Vehicle to Everything), public safety, commercial, and IIOT (Industrial Internet of Things), etc. In-coverage may mean that multiple UEs involved in the positioning are within the coverage of the BS, partial coverage may mean that some of the multiple UEs involved in the positioning are within the coverage of the BS, and out-of-coverage may mean that multiple UEs involved in the positioning are not within the coverage of the BS.

[0037] The location of the terminal 20 by the LMF (Location Management Function) in the Uu interface of 3GPP Release 16 or 17 is performed by the following methods 1) to 3) (see Non-Patent Document 3, Non-Patent Document 4, and Non-Patent Document 5).

[0038] 1) DL-TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) based method 2) UL-TDOA based method 3) Multi-RTT (Round Trip Time) based method

[0039] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example (1) of positioning. As shown in FIG. 4, UE location information may be calculated based on DL-TDOA. The UE location may be estimated based on DL-RSTD (Received Signal Time Difference) measured by the UE from DL radio signals transmitted from multiple NR TRPs. The estimation may use the geographical locations of the TRPs and the DL transmission timings of the TRPs. In addition to DL-RSTD, the UE location may also be estimated based on RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power) of DL-PRS (Positioning Reference Signal).

[0040] In a method based on DL-TDOA, the location of the UE may be calculated in the following manner. 1) The gNB transmits DL-PRS from each TRP to the UE. 2) The UE reports the measurement result DL-RSTD to the GW and / or gNB and / or LMF via LPP (LTE Positioning Protocol). 3) The gNB reports timing information related to the TRP to the LMF via NRPPa (NR Positioning Protocol A). 4) Based on the above information reported by the UE and gNB, the LMF calculates the UE location.

[0041] For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the delay between the UE and TRP0, the delay between the UE and TRP1, and the delay between the UE and TRP2 may be measured, and the location of the UE may be calculated based on the geographical location and DL transmission timing of each TRP.

[0042] FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of measuring DL-RSTD. Hereinafter, "and / or" may also be written as " / ". As shown in FIG. 5, DL-RSTD may refer to the time difference measured by the UE between the start of reception of a DL subframe of a reference TRP (TRP0 in FIG. 5) and the start of reception of a DL subframe of another TRP. The start of the subframe may be determined by detecting the DL-PRS.

[0043] The transmission timing of each TRP does not have to be uniform.

[0044] Regarding the calculation of the UE location using DL-TDOA, the information shown in 1)-5) below may be reported from the UE to the GW / gNB / LMF.

[0045] 1) PCI (Physical Cell ID), GCI (Global Cell ID), and TRP-ID for each measurement 2) DL-RSTD measurement results 3)DL-PRS-RSRP measurement results 4) Time stamp of measurement 5) The quality of each measurement Regarding the calculation of UE location using DL-TDOA, the information shown in 1)-6) below may be reported from the gNB to the LMF.

[0046] 1) PCI, GCI and TRP-ID of TRPs controlled by gNB 2) Timing information of TRP controlled by gNB 3) DL-PRS configuration of TRP controlled by gNB 4) Information related to the SSB of the TRP controlled by the gNB, such as the time and frequency resources of the SSB 5) Information on the spatial direction of DL-PRS of TRP controlled by gNB 6) Information on the geographic coordinates of the TRPs controlled by the gNB

[0047] DL-RSTD may be defined as the time difference measured by the UE between the start of reception of a DL subframe of a reference TRP and the start of reception of a DL subframe of another TRP. Multiple DL-PRS resources may be used to determine the start of reception of the subframe.

[0048] As a report of timing information related to the TRP controlled by the gNB, the SFN initialization time of the TRP may be reported. The SFN initialization time is the time when SFN0 starts.

[0049] As a report of information related to the geographic coordinates of the TRP controlled by the gNB, a point on an ellipsoid having altitude and an ellipse indicating an error range may be reported (see Non-Patent Document 6). For example, latitude, longitude, altitude, direction of altitude, error range of altitude, etc. may be reported.

[0050] As shown in Fig. 4, the location information of the UE may be calculated based on UL-TDOA. The location of the UE may be estimated based on UL-RTOA (Relative Time of Arrival) in which multiple NR TRPs measure UL radio signals transmitted from the UE. Other configuration information may be used for the estimation. Furthermore, in addition to UL-RTOA, the location of the UE may be estimated based on the RSRP of the UL-SRS (Sounding Reference Signal).

[0051] In the UL-TDOA based method, the UE location may be calculated in the following manner. 1) UE transmits SRS to multiple TRPs 2) The gNB reports the measurement results, UL-RTOA and the geographic coordinates of the TRP, to the LMF via NRPPa. 3) Based on the above information reported by the gNB, the LMF calculates the UE's location.

[0052] For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the RTOAs from the UE to TRP0, the RTOAs from the UE to TRP1, and the RTOAs from the UE to TRP2 may be measured, and the location of the UE may be calculated based on the geographical location and UL transmission timing of each TRP.

[0053] Figure 6 shows an example of measuring UL-RTOA. As shown in Figure 6, UL-RTOA may refer to the time difference between the start of reception of the UL subframe containing the SRS of the TRP and the RTOA reference time at which the UL is transmitted.

[0054] Regarding the calculation of UE location using UL-TDOA, the information shown in 1)-9) below may be reported from the gNB to the LMF.

[0055] 1) PCI, GCI and TRP-ID of TRPs controlled by gNB 2) Information related to the SSB of the TRP controlled by the gNB, such as the time and frequency resources of the SSB 3) Information on the geographic coordinates of the TRPs controlled by the gNB 4) NCGI (NR Cell Global Identifier) ​​and TRP-ID of the measurement 5) UL-RTOA 6) RSRP of UL-SRS 7) Time of measurement 8) Quality of each measurement 9) Information about the beam of each measurement

[0056] The UL-RTOA may be defined as the time difference between the start of reception of the UL subframe containing the SRS in the TRP and the RTOA reference time at which the UL was transmitted. The gNB may report the geographical coordinates of the TRP to the LMF via the NRPPa.

[0057] FIG. 7 illustrates a positioning example (2). As shown in FIG. 7, UE location information may be calculated based on multiple RTTs. UE location may be estimated based on UE / gNB receive-to-transmit time difference measurements using DL-PRS and UL-SRS. DL-PRS-RSRP and UL-SRS-RSRP may be used for the estimation. The LMF may determine the RTT using the UE / gNB receive-to-transmit time difference measurements.

[0058] In a multi-RTT based method, the UE's location may be calculated in the following manner. 1) The gNB transmits DL-PRS from each TRP to the UE. 2) The UE transmits SRS to multiple TRPs. 3) The UE reports the UE receive-transmit time difference to the GW and / or gNB and / or LMF via LPP. 4) The gNB reports the gNB receive-transmit time difference to the LMF via NRPPa. 5) Based on the above information reported by the UE and gNB, the LMF calculates the UE's location.

[0059] For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the RTT between the UE and TRP0, the RTT between the UE and TRP1, and the RTT between the UE and TRP2 may be measured, and the location of the UE may be calculated based on the geographical location of each TRP.

[0060] Figure 8 illustrates an example of measuring RTT. As shown in Figure 8, the UE receive-transmit time difference may refer to the time difference between receiving a DL subframe from the TRP and transmitting a UL subframe. Also, as shown in Figure 8, the gNB receive-transmit time difference may refer to the time difference between receiving a UL subframe from the TRP and transmitting a DL subframe.

[0061] Regarding the calculation of the UE location using multiple RTTs, the information shown in 1)-5) below may be reported from the UE to the GW / gNB / LMF.

[0062] 1) PCI, GCI and TRP-ID in each measurement 2)DL-PRS-RSRP measurement results 3) UE reception-transmission time difference measurement results 4) Time of measurement 5) The quality of each measurement

[0063] Regarding the calculation of UE location using RTT, the information shown in 1)-9) below may be reported from the gNB to the LMF.

[0064] 1) PCI, GCI and TRP-ID of TRPs controlled by gNB 2) Timing information of TRP controlled by gNB 3) DL-PRS configuration of TRP controlled by gNB 4) Information related to the SSB of the TRP controlled by the gNB, such as the time and frequency resources of the SSB 5) Information on the spatial direction of DL-PRS of TRP controlled by gNB 6) Information on the geographic coordinates of the TRPs controlled by the gNB 7) NCGI and TRP-ID of the measurement 8) gNB reception-transmission time difference 9) RSRP of UL-SRS 10) UL-AoA (Angle of Arrival), e.g., azimuth angle and elevation angle 11) Time of measurement 12) Measurement quality 13) Information about the measurement beam

[0065] For the definitions of UE reception-transmission time difference and gNB reception-transmission time difference, refer to Non-Patent Document 7. As with DL-RSTD, the geographical coordinates of the TRP may be reported.

[0066] As mentioned above, positioning over the Uu interface has applied DL-TDOA, UL-TDOA and multi-RTT positioning methods, which use RSTD, RTOA and receive-transmit time difference, respectively, which indicate the propagation delay between the UE and the TRP.

[0067] Here, to perform position estimation using sidelink signals, it is necessary to consider a position estimation algorithm for absolute or relative position estimation, a definition and transmission / reception procedure for measurement sidelink signals used for position estimation, a procedure for reporting measurement results, etc. However, a position estimation algorithm for absolute or relative position estimation using signals of direct communication between terminals has not been clearly defined.

[0068] Therefore, you may choose to implement options 1) to 7) described below.

[0069] Option 1) Regarding location estimation using a side link, a terminal 20 (hereinafter referred to as "UE-X") that wishes to obtain location information of its own device may transmit a predetermined signal to another terminal 20 (hereinafter referred to as "UE-Y") and receive a signal based on that signal (e.g., a measurement result) from the UE-Y.

[0070] Fig. 9 is a flowchart for explaining an example (1) of location estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 10 is a diagram for explaining an example (1) of location estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] As shown in Figures 9 and 10, in step S11, UE-X transmits a predetermined signal to UE-Y. In the following step S12, UE-Y measures a predetermined value based on the predetermined signal. Note that step S12 may not be applied. In the following step S13, UE-Y transmits a signal based on the predetermined signal to UE-X (which may include, for example, information including a measurement value and / or information based on the measurement value). In the following step S14, UE-X calculates its own location based on the information received from UE-Y.

[0072] For example, UE-Y may be one or more UEs, such as UE-Y1, UE-Y2, and UE-Y3 shown in Figure 10. That is, UE-X may perform steps S11 to S14 for one or more UEs.

[0073] For example, the predetermined signal may be an SL-PRS (SL Positioning RS) or any other SL signal. Also, the signal transmitted by UE-Y may be an SL-PRS or any other SL signal.

[0074] Hereinafter, the signal used for position estimation will be referred to as SL-PRS, but the signal is not limited to this and may be referred to by another name. Note that position estimation and position positioning may be interchangeable.

[0075] For example, the SL-PRS may be multiplexed with the PSCCH and / or PSSCH transmission and transmitted. Alternatively, the SL-PRS may be transmitted using resources dedicated to the SL-PRS. Hereinafter, "PSCCH and / or PSSCH" may also be referred to as "PSCCH / PSSCH."

[0076] 11 is a diagram showing an example of reference signal arrangement in an embodiment of the present invention. SL-PRS may be arranged as shown in 1)-3) below.

[0077] 1) The SL-PRS may not be multiplexed in an RE where the second stage SCI and / or DM-RS and / or PT-RS and / or CSI-RS are arranged. For example, overlap between the second stage SCI, DM-RS, PT-RS, and CSI-RS and the SL-PRS may not be assumed. For example, if the SL-PRS is mapped to an RE where the second stage SCI, DM-RS, PT-RS, or CSI-RS is arranged, mapping of the SL-PRS to that RE may not be performed.

[0078] 2) The SL-PRS may not be multiplexed in the RE of the PSCCH. For example, overlap between the PSCCH and the SL-PRS may not be assumed. For example, if the SL-PRS is mapped to an RE where the PSCCH is located, the PSCCH may be prioritized and the SL-PRS may not be mapped to that RE.

[0079] 3) The SL-PRS may or may not be frequency division multiplexed in the same symbol with the 2nd stage SCI and / or DM-RS and / or PT-RS and / or CSI-RS.

[0080] By using 1) or 2), important signals can be prevented from being replaced with SL-PRS. Furthermore, by using 3), the flexibility of mapping can be improved when SL-PRS is frequency division multiplexed, and the UE operation can be simplified when SL-PRS is not frequency division multiplexed. However, FIG. 11 is an example of SL-PRS mapping, and is not limited to this.

[0081] For example, in step S14, the position of the own device calculated by UE-X may be an absolute position or a relative position.

[0082] For example, option 1) may be applied when UE-X and UE-Y are in an out-of-coverage (OoC) environment, or when UE-X and UE-Y are in a partial-coverage (PC) environment, or when UE-X and UE-Y are in an in-coverage (IC) environment.

[0083] Option 1) above allows the terminal 20 to perform operations to obtain location information.

[0084] Option 2) Regarding location estimation using a sidelink, UE-X, which wishes to obtain location information of its own device, may transmit a predetermined signal to UE-Y and / or base station 10 (hereinafter referred to as "BS-Y"), and receive a signal based on that signal (e.g., a measurement result) from UE-Y and / or BS-Y.

[0085] Fig. 12 is a flowchart for explaining example (2) of location estimation according to the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 13 is a diagram for explaining example (2) of location estimation according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] As shown in Figures 12 and 13, in step S21, UE-X transmits a predetermined signal to UE-Y and / or BS-Y. In the following step S22, UE-Y and / or BS-Y measure a predetermined value based on the predetermined signal. Note that step S22 may not be applied. In the following step S23, UE-Y and / or BS-Y transmits a signal based on the predetermined signal to UE-X (which may include, for example, information including a measurement value and / or information based on the measurement value). In the following step S24, UE-X calculates its own location based on the information received from UE-Y and / or BS-Y.

[0087] For example, UE-Y may be one or more UEs, such as UE-Y1 and UE-Y2 shown in Figure 13. That is, UE-X may perform steps S11 to S14 for one or more UEs. Also, BS-Y may be one or more BSs.

[0088] For example, the predetermined signal for UE-Y may be SL-PRS or any other SL signal. For example, the predetermined signal for BS-Y may be SRS or any other UL signal. Furthermore, the signal transmitted by UE-Y may be SL-PRS or any other SL signal. Furthermore, the signal transmitted by BS-Y may be DL-PRS or any other DL signal.

[0089] For example, in step S24, the position of the own device calculated by UE-X may be an absolute position or a relative position.

[0090] For example, option 2) may be applied to a partial coverage environment or an in-coverage environment, where the partial coverage environment may be when UE-X is in an in-coverage environment and UE-Y is in an out-of-coverage environment.

[0091] By using the above-mentioned option 2), the terminal 20 can be expected to obtain more accurate location information by using the base station 10.

[0092] Option 3) After acquiring its own location, UE-X may transmit a request for transmitting location information to the BS. For example, option 3) may be executed only by terminal 20 that supports a location positioning function via the Uu interface.

[0093] Fig. 14 is a flowchart illustrating an example (3) of location estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example (3) of location estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figs. 14 and 15, in step S31, UE-X transmits a location information request to BS. In the following step S32, BS executes a location information acquisition operation. In the following step S33, BS transmits location information to UE-X.

[0094] For example, in step S32, the positioning function via the Uu interface described above may be applied.

[0095] For example, step S32 may be skipped and not executed. For example, if the BS already holds location information of UE-X, step S32 may not be executed. Also, for example, if the BS already holds location information of UE-X and the location information satisfies a desired accuracy requirement, step S32 may not be executed. For example, step S33 may be skipped and not executed. For example, if DL-PRSs are transmitted to UE-X from multiple BSs / TRPs in step S32 and location measurement is performed in UE-X, step S33 may not be executed.

[0096] For example, the location information requested by UE-X may be an absolute location or a relative location.

[0097] For example, the UE-X may receive a notification from the BS that the location information cannot be acquired instead of the location information. After receiving the notification, the UE-X may acquire the location information by other methods, such as the above option 1) or the above option 2).

[0098] The above-mentioned option 3) allows the terminal 20 to perform an operation for acquiring location information. By using Uu positioning, it is expected that the location measurement will be more accurate.

[0099] Option 4) Which of the above Option 1), Option 2), and Option 3) is to be performed may be determined based on a predetermined condition.

[0100] For example, the predetermined condition may be an out-of-coverage environment, a partial coverage environment, or an in-coverage environment.

[0101] For example, the predetermined condition may be an accuracy requirement, i.e., which option is applied may be determined based on whether the accuracy requirement is above or below a predetermined threshold.

[0102] For example, the predetermined condition may be whether to acquire an absolute position or a relative position.

[0103] For example, the predetermined condition may be a predetermined priority set for each option. For example, option 3) may have the highest priority, option 2) the next highest priority, and option 3) the lowest priority. If the option with the highest priority cannot be executed, the operation of executing the option with the next highest priority may be repeated.

[0104] For example, the predetermined condition may be a UE capability, i.e., which options are supported may be defined as the UE capability, and the terminal 20 may execute the supported options.

[0105] For example, the predetermined condition may be a UE implementation, i.e., the terminal 20 may decide which option to perform based on the UE implementation.

[0106] Option 4) above allows the terminal 20 to decide which location acquisition method to implement if multiple methods are available.

[0107] Option 5) A terminal 20 (hereinafter referred to as "UE-A") that wishes to acquire location information of another terminal 20 (hereinafter referred to as "UE-B") may transmit a request to UE-B to transmit location information.

[0108] FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating an example (4) of location estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example (4) of location estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, in step S41, UE-A transmits a location information request to UE-B. In the following step S42, UE-B executes a location information acquisition operation. In the following step S43, UE-B transmits UE-B's location information to UE-A.

[0109] For example, in step S42, option 1), option 2), or option 3) may be executed. UE-B may be UE-X in option 1), option 2), or option 3). UE-A may or may not be included in UE-Y in option 1), option 2), or option 3). If UE-A is included in UE-Y in option 1), option 2), or option 3), any step in option 1), option 2), or option 3) for UE-A may not be executed and may be skipped.

[0110] For example, step S42 may be skipped. For example, if UE-B already holds its own location information, step S42 may not be executed. Also, for example, if UE-B already holds its own location information and the desired accuracy requirement is satisfied, step S42 may not be executed.

[0111] For example, the location information requested by UE-A may be an absolute location or a relative location.

[0112] Option 5) above makes it possible to support use cases and services that require location information of other UEs. It also makes it possible to standardize the operation of acquiring location information of other UEs and that of the own device.

[0113] Option 6) A terminal 20 (hereinafter referred to as "UE-A") that wishes to obtain location information of another terminal 20 (hereinafter referred to as "UE-B") may send a request to the BS to send location information related to UE-B.

[0114] Fig. 18 is a flowchart illustrating example (5) of location estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 19 is a diagram illustrating example (5) of location estimation according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figs. 18 and 19, in step S51, UE-A transmits a location information request for UE-B to the BS. In the following step S52, the BS executes a location information acquisition operation for UE-B. In the following step S53, the BS transmits location information for UE-B to UE-A.

[0115] For example, in step S52, a positioning function of the Uu interface, such as the positioning function of the Uu interface described above, may be executed.

[0116] For example, in step S52, the BS may instruct UE-B to execute the SL positioning function, such as option 1) or option 2), and UE-B may execute the SL positioning function, such as option 1) or option 2), and report the acquired location information of its own device to the BS.

[0117] For example, step S52 may be skipped. For example, if the BS already holds the location information of UE-B, step S52 may not be executed. Also, for example, if the BS already holds the location information of UE-B and the location information satisfies a desired accuracy requirement, step S52 may not be executed.

[0118] For example, the location information requested by UE-A may be an absolute location or a relative location.

[0119] For example, UE-A may receive a notification from the BS that the location information of UE-B cannot be acquired, instead of the location information. After receiving the notification, UE-A may acquire the location information by other methods, such as option 5) above.

[0120] Option 6) above allows the terminal 20 to perform an operation for acquiring location information. By using Uu positioning, more accurate location measurement can be expected.

[0121] Option 7) Whether to perform option 5) above or option 6) above may be determined based on predetermined conditions.

[0122] For example, the predetermined condition may be an out-of-coverage environment, a partial coverage environment, or an in-coverage environment.

[0123] For example, the predetermined condition may be an accuracy requirement.

[0124] For example, the predetermined condition may be whether to acquire an absolute position or a relative position.

[0125] For example, the predetermined condition may be a predetermined priority set for each option, for example, option 6) may have a higher priority than option 5).

[0126] For example, the predetermined condition may be a UE capability, i.e., which options are supported may be defined as the UE capability, and the terminal 20 may execute the supported options.

[0127] For example, the predetermined condition may be a UE implementation, i.e., the terminal 20 may decide which option to perform based on the UE implementation.

[0128] Option 7) above allows the terminal 20 to decide which location acquisition method to implement if multiple methods are available.

[0129] In sidelink communication, the time difference, RSRP, etc. are measured by transmitting and receiving the SL-Positioning RS (SL-PRS) and reported to other UEs. The SL-PRS may be transmitted in a resource pool dedicated to the SL-PRS. However, channels or signals other than the SL-PRS may also be transmitted in the resource pool dedicated to the SL-PRS.

[0130] 20 is a diagram showing an example (1) of a resource pool according to an embodiment of the present invention. UE-B receives the SL-PRS transmitted from UE-A and reports the measured information to UE-A (measurement report). If the resource pool used for transmitting and receiving the SL-PRS cannot be used for the measurement report, the measurement report must be performed using another resource pool.

[0131] However, as shown in Figure 20, the resource pool used may differ for each UE, so UE-A and UE-B may not necessarily use a common resource pool for SL-PRS and a common resource pool for measurement reporting.

[0132] Therefore, in an operation in which UE-A transmits SL-PRS in resource pool #0 and UE-B receives the SL-PRS and performs measurement reporting in another resource pool #1, UE-A and / or UE-B may determine resource pool #0 and / or resource pool #1 in a predetermined manner.

[0133] Hereinafter, UE-A transmitting SL-PRS in resource pool #0 will receive a measurement report (e.g., PSSCH) in resource pool #1. Also, UE-B receiving SL-PRS from UE-A will transmit in resource pool #1 when executing a measurement report.

[0134] 21 is a diagram illustrating an example (2) of a resource pool according to an embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated in FIG. 21, a resource pool #0 for SL-PRS transmission may be associated with a resource pool #1 for corresponding measurement reports in a configuration or pre-configuration.

[0135] The example in Figure 21 shows a situation in which UE-A uses resource pool #A, resource pool #B, and resource pool #C, and UE-B uses resource pool #B, resource pool #C, and resource pool #D, with resource pool #B set as resource pool #0 and resource pool #C set as resource pool #1.

[0136] The association between resource pool #0 and resource pool #1 enables UE-A to transmit SL-PRS on resource pool #B, UE-B to receive the SL-PRS on resource pool #B, UE-B to transmit measurement reports on resource pool #C, and UE-A to receive the measurement reports on resource pool #C.

[0137] To determine resource pool #1, one or more resource pool candidates may be associated with resource pool #0, and UE-B may select resource pool #1 from the candidates.

[0138] To determine resource pool #0, one or more resource pool candidates may be associated with resource pool #1, and UE-A may select resource pool #0 from the candidates.

[0139] The above-described operation makes it possible to know which resource pool will be used for transmission and reception without requiring signaling related to the resource pool for each SL positioning operation, thereby reducing signaling overhead.

[0140] Fig. 22 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example (1) of reporting measurement results according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 22, UE-A may notify UE-B of information related to resource pool #1 from which measurement reporting is performed when transmitting SL-PRS. The information related to resource pool #1 may be information indicating one resource pool to be resource pool #1, or may be information indicating multiple resource pools to be candidates for resource pool #1.

[0141] In step S61, UE-A transmits information related to resource pool #1 to UE-B when transmitting SL-PRS. In the following step S62, UE-B transmits a measurement report to UE-A using the resource pool determined based on the received information related to resource pool #1.

[0142] One or more resource pool candidates may be associated with resource pool #0 by configuration or pre-configuration, and UE-A may select resource pool #1 from the candidates and notify UE-B of this in step S61.

[0143] UE-B, which does not use or cannot use resource pool #1, does not need to perform measurement reporting to UE-A.

[0144] The above-described operation makes it possible to know which resource pool should be used to perform measurement reporting, and to select the most suitable resource pool based on the usage status of each resource pool.

[0145] Fig. 23 is a sequence diagram illustrating an example (2) of reporting measurement results according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 23, UE-B may notify information related to resource pool #0 and / or resource pool #1 when making a request to transmit SL-PRS. The information related to resource pool #0 may be information indicating one resource pool to be resource pool #0, or may be information indicating multiple resource pools to be candidates for resource pool #0. The information related to resource pool #1 may be information indicating one resource pool to be resource pool #1, or may be information indicating multiple resource pools to be candidates for resource pool #1.

[0146] In step S71, when UE-B transmits a transmission request for SL-PRS, it transmits information related to resource pool #0 and / or resource pool #1 to UE-A. In the following step S72, if UE-A has received information related to resource pool #0, it transmits SL-PRS to UE-B using the resource pool determined based on the information related to resource pool #0. In the following step S62, if UE-B has transmitted information related to resource pool #1, it transmits a measurement report to UE-A using the resource pool determined based on the information related to resource pool #1.

[0147] One or more resource pool candidates may be associated with resource pool #0 by configuration or pre-configuration, and UE-B may select resource pool #1 from the candidates and notify UE-A in step S71. Alternatively, one or more resource pool candidates may be associated with resource pool #1 by configuration or pre-configuration, and UE-B may select resource pool #0 from the candidates and notify UE-A in step S71.

[0148] UE-A, which does not use or cannot use resource pool #0 and / or resource pool #1, may not perform SL-PRS transmission to UE-B.

[0149] The SL-PRS transmission request may include a notification of an SL-PRS resource.

[0150] Resource pool #1 may be the resource pool from which the transmission request of the SL-PRS is executed.

[0151] The above-described operations make it possible to know which resource pool to use for SL-PRS transmission and / or measurement reporting, and to select the optimal resource pool based on the usage status of each resource pool.

[0152] PC5-RRC signaling may be used to configure between UE-A and UE-B which resource pool will be resource pool #0 and / or resource pool #1.

[0153] By PC5-RRC configuration, one or more resource pool candidates are associated with resource pool #0, and UE-A may select resource pool #1 from the candidates and notify UE-B or use it, and UE-B may select resource pool #1 from the candidates and notify UE-A or use it.

[0154] By PC5-RRC configuration, one or more resource pool candidates are associated with resource pool #1, and UE-A may select resource pool #0 from the candidates and notify UE-B or use it, and UE-B may select resource pool #0 from the candidates and notify UE-A or use it.

[0155] Either UE-A or UE-B may transmit information related to resource pool #0 and / or resource pool #1 (e.g., information indicating which resource pool to use) and an operation request related to SL positioning to the other, and the other may respond as to whether or not to perform the operation in response to the request. For example, if resource pool #0 and / or resource pool #1 is not used or cannot be used, the UE that received the operation request may respond by rejecting the operation request.

[0156] Either UE-A or UE-B may transmit information regarding resource pool #0 and / or resource pool #1 (e.g., information indicating which resource pool to use) to the other, and the other may transmit an operation request related to SL positioning and / or a notification related to the resource pool based on that information.

[0157] Through the above-described operations, negotiation regarding the resource pool to be used can be performed between UEs performing SL positioning.

[0158] When UE-A or UE-B determines the opposing UE to perform operations related to SL positioning (e.g., SL-PRS transmission / reception, measurement reporting, etc.), it may determine the opposing UE based on which resource pool is used or can be used as resource pool #0 and / or resource pool #1.

[0159] Which resource pool is or can be used as resource pool #0 and / or resource pool #1 may be transmitted to the opposing UE via SCI, MAC-CE or PC5-RRC signaling.

[0160] By the above-described operation, it is possible to select other UEs that can appropriately perform the SL positioning operation and perform the operation.

[0161] In the above embodiments, the UE may be replaced by a BS, and the SL signal may be replaced by a UL signal (DL / UL).

[0162] The above-described embodiment may be applied to D2D of NR or D2D of other RATs. Also, the above-described embodiment may be applied to FR2 or other frequency bands.

[0163] The above-described embodiment is not limited to V2X terminals, and may be applied to terminals that perform D2D communication.

[0164] The operations according to the above-described embodiments may be performed only in a specific resource pool, for example, only in a resource pool that can be used by terminals 20 of 3GPP Release 17 or 3GPP Release 18 or later.

[0165] According to the above-described embodiment, it is possible to determine the resource pool for transmitting and receiving the positioning reference signal in the direct communication between terminals and the resource pool for use in reporting the measurement results, and to perform the positioning operation.

[0166] That is, it is possible to report the measurement results of the positioning reference signal in direct communication between terminals.

[0167] (Device configuration) Next, a description will be given of an example of the functional configuration of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 that execute the processes and operations described above. The base station 10 and the terminal 20 include functions for implementing the above-described embodiments. However, the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may each include only a part of the functions of the embodiments.

[0168] <Base station 10> Fig. 24 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of base station 10. As shown in Fig. 24, base station 10 has a transmitting unit 110, a receiving unit 120, a setting unit 130, and a control unit 140. The functional configuration shown in Fig. 24 is merely an example. The names of the functional divisions and functional units may be any as long as they can perform the operations related to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0169] The transmitter 110 has a function of generating a signal to be transmitted to the terminal 20 and transmitting the signal wirelessly. The receiver 120 has a function of receiving various signals transmitted from the terminal 20 and acquiring, for example, information of a higher layer from the received signals. The transmitter 110 also has a function of transmitting an NR-PSS, an NR-SSS, an NR-PBCH, a DL / UL control signal, a DL reference signal, etc. to the terminal 20.

[0170] The setting unit 130 stores in a storage device setting information that is set in advance and various setting information to be transmitted to the terminal 20, and reads out from the storage device as needed. The content of the setting information is, for example, information related to the setting of D2D communication.

[0171] As described in the embodiments, the control unit 140 performs processing related to settings for the terminal 20 to perform D2D communication. Furthermore, the control unit 140 transmits scheduling for D2D communication and DL communication to the terminal 20 via the transmission unit 110. Furthermore, the control unit 140 receives information related to HARQ responses for D2D communication and DL communication from the terminal 20 via the reception unit 120. A functional unit related to signal transmission in the control unit 140 may be included in the transmission unit 110, and a functional unit related to signal reception in the control unit 140 may be included in the reception unit 120.

[0172] <Terminal 20> Fig. 25 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of terminal 20. As shown in Fig. 25, terminal 20 has transmitting unit 210, receiving unit 220, setting unit 230, and control unit 240. The functional configuration shown in Fig. 25 is merely an example. The names of the functional divisions and functional units may be any as long as they can execute the operations related to the embodiment of the present invention.

[0173] The above-mentioned LTE-SL transmission / reception mechanism (module) and the above-mentioned NR-SL transmission / reception mechanism (module) may each have a transmitter 210, a receiver 220, a setting unit 230, and a control unit 240 separately.

[0174] The transmitter 210 creates a transmission signal from transmission data and transmits the transmission signal wirelessly. The receiver 220 receives various signals wirelessly and acquires a higher layer signal from the received physical layer signal. The receiver 220 also has a function of receiving an NR-PSS, NR-SSS, NR-PBCH, DL / UL / SL control signal, reference signal, or the like transmitted from the base station 10. For example, the transmitter 210 transmits a PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel), a PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel), a PSDCH (Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel), a PSBCH (Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel), or the like to another terminal 20 as D2D communication, and the receiver 220 receives the PSCCH, PSSCH, PSDCH, or PSBCH, or the like, from the other terminal 20.

[0175] The setting unit 230 stores various setting information received from the base station 10 or the terminal 20 by the receiving unit 220 in a storage device and reads it from the storage device as needed. The setting unit 230 also stores setting information that is set in advance. The content of the setting information is, for example, information related to the setting of D2D communication.

[0176] As described in the embodiments, the control unit 240 controls D2D communication for establishing an RRC connection with another terminal 20. The control unit 240 also performs processing related to power saving operation. The control unit 240 also performs processing related to HARQ for D2D communication and DL communication. The control unit 240 also transmits information related to HARQ responses for D2D communication and DL communication to another terminal 20 scheduled by the base station 10 to the base station 10. The control unit 240 may also schedule D2D communication for another terminal 20. The control unit 240 may also autonomously select resources to be used for D2D communication from a resource selection window based on a sensing result, or may perform re-evaluation or preemption. The control unit 240 also performs processing related to power saving in transmission and reception of D2D communication. The control unit 240 also performs processing related to inter-terminal coordination in D2D communication. A functional unit related to signal transmission in the control unit 240 may be included in the transmission unit 210, and a functional unit related to signal reception in the control unit 240 may be included in the reception unit 220.

[0177] (Hardware configuration) The block diagrams (FIGS. 24 and 25) used to explain the above embodiments show functional blocks. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method for realizing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using a single device that is physically or logically coupled, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices that are connected directly or indirectly (for example, by wire, wirelessly, etc.) and these multiple devices. The functional block may be realized by combining the single device or the multiple devices with software.

[0178] Functions include, but are not limited to, judgment, determination, judgment, calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, resolution, selection, election, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocation, mapping, and assignment. For example, a functional block (component) that performs transmission is called a transmitting unit or transmitter. As mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on how these functions are implemented.

[0179] For example, the base station 10, the terminal 20, etc. according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Fig. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The base station 10 and the terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a storage device 1002, an auxiliary storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0180] In the following description, the term "apparatus" can be read as a circuit, a device, a unit, etc. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the drawings, or may be configured to exclude some of the apparatuses.

[0181] Each function in the base station 10 and the terminal 20 is realized by loading predetermined software (programs) onto hardware such as the processor 1001, the memory device 1002, etc., so that the processor 1001 performs calculations, controls communication by the communication device 1004, and controls at least one of reading and writing data in the memory device 1002 and the auxiliary memory device 1003.

[0182] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by running, for example, an operating system. The processor 1001 may be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, a register, etc. For example, the above-mentioned control unit 140, control unit 240, etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

[0183] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the auxiliary storage device 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the storage device 1002, and executes various processes in accordance with the programs. The programs used are those that cause a computer to execute at least some of the operations described in the above-described embodiments. For example, the control unit 140 of the base station 10 shown in FIG. 24 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and executed by the processor 1001. Furthermore, for example, the control unit 240 of the terminal 20 shown in FIG. 25 may be implemented by a control program stored in the storage device 1002 and executed by the processor 1001. While the above-described various processes have been described as being executed by one processor 1001, they may also be executed simultaneously or sequentially by two or more processors 1001. The processor 1001 may be implemented by one or more chips. The programs may be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0184] The storage device 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium and may be configured, for example, by at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), etc. The storage device 1002 may also be called a register, a cache, a main memory, etc. The storage device 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0185] The secondary storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be, for example, at least one of an optical disk such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), a hard disk drive, a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk (e.g., a compact disk, a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray disc), a smart card, a flash memory (e.g., a card, a stick, a key drive), a floppy disk, a magnetic strip, etc. The above-mentioned storage medium may be, for example, a database, a server, or other suitable medium including at least one of the storage device 1002 and the secondary storage device 1003.

[0186] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission / reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as, for example, a network device, a network controller, a network card, or a communication module. The communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). For example, a transmission / reception antenna, an amplifier unit, a transmission / reception unit, a transmission path interface, etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmission / reception unit may be implemented as a transmission unit and a reception unit that are physically or logically separated.

[0187] The input device 1005 is an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that receives input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, etc.) that performs output to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may be integrated into one device (for example, a touch panel).

[0188] Furthermore, each device such as the processor 1001 and the storage device 1002 is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses between each device.

[0189] Furthermore, base station 10 and terminal 20 may be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and some or all of the functional blocks may be realized by the hardware. For example, processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these pieces of hardware.

[0190] Fig. 27 shows an example configuration of a vehicle 2001. As shown in Fig. 27, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013. Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be applied to a communication device mounted on the vehicle 2001, and may be applied to the communication module 2013, for example.

[0191] The drive unit 2002 is configured, for example, by an engine, a motor, or a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a handle), and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels and the rear wheels based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0192] The electronic control unit 2010 is composed of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (IO port) 2033. Signals are input to the electronic control unit 2010 from various sensors 2021 to 2029 provided in the vehicle 2001. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0193] The signals from the various sensors 2021 to 2029 include a current signal from a current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by a rotation speed sensor 2022, an air pressure signal of the front and rear wheels obtained by an air pressure sensor 2023, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 2024, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 2025, an accelerator pedal depression amount signal obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 2029, a brake pedal depression amount signal obtained by a brake pedal sensor 2026, a shift lever operation signal obtained by a shift lever sensor 2027, and a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 2028.

[0194] The information service unit 2012 is composed of various devices, such as a car navigation system, an audio system, speakers, a television, and a radio, for providing (outputting) various types of information, such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 2012 uses information acquired from external devices via the communication module 2013 or the like to provide various types of multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 may include input devices (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, a touch panel, etc.) that accept input from the outside, and may also include output devices (e.g., a display, a speaker, an LED lamp, a touch panel, etc.) that output information to the outside.

[0195] The driving assistance system unit 2030 is composed of various devices that provide functions for preventing accidents and reducing the driver's driving burden, such as a millimeter-wave radar, a LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), a camera, a positioning locator (e.g., GNSS, etc.), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) map, autonomous vehicle (AV) map, etc.), a gyro system (e.g., an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), an INS (Inertial Navigation System), etc.), an AI (Artificial Intelligence) chip, and an AI processor, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. The driving assistance system unit 2030 also transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to realize the driving assistance function or the autonomous driving function.

[0196] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and components of the vehicle 2001 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 transmits and receives data via the communication port 2033 to and from the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 and memory (ROM, RAM) 2032 in the electronic control unit 2010, and sensors 2021 to 29, which are provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0197] The communication module 2013 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010 and can communicate with an external device. For example, it transmits and receives various information to and from the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. The external device may be, for example, a base station, a mobile station, or the like.

[0198] The communication module 2013 may transmit at least one of signals from the above-mentioned various sensors 2021-2028 input to the electronic control unit 2010, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 2012 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021-2028, the information service unit 2012, etc. may be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include information based on the above-mentioned input.

[0199] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, traffic signal information, vehicle distance information, etc.) transmitted from external devices and displays it on an information service unit 2012 provided in the vehicle 2001. The information service unit 2012 may be called an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to a device such as a display or speaker based on the PDSCH (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 2013). The communication module 2013 also stores the various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 that can be used by the microprocessor 2031. Based on the information stored in the memory 2032, the microprocessor 2031 may control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, shift lever 2006, front wheels 2007, rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021 to 2029, etc. provided in the vehicle 2001.

[0200] (Summary of the embodiment) As described above, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a terminal is provided which includes a receiving unit that receives a signal related to positioning in terminal-to-terminal direct communication from a terminal in a first resource pool, a control unit that performs measurement based on the signal related to positioning in the terminal-to-terminal direct communication, and a transmitting unit that transmits information based on the measurement to the terminal in a second resource pool, wherein the control unit determines the first resource pool and the second resource pool.

[0201] With the above configuration, it is possible to determine a resource pool for transmitting and receiving a positioning reference signal in terminal-to-terminal direct communication and a resource pool for reporting measurement results, and to perform a positioning operation. That is, it is possible to report measurement results of a positioning reference signal in terminal-to-terminal direct communication.

[0202] The control unit may determine the second resource pool from one or more candidate resource pools associated with the first resource pool. With this configuration, it is possible to determine a resource pool for transmitting and receiving a positioning reference signal in terminal-to-terminal direct communication and a resource pool for reporting measurement results, and to perform a positioning operation.

[0203] The receiver may receive information related to the second resource pool from the terminal, and the controller may determine the second resource pool based on the information. With this configuration, it is possible to determine a resource pool for transmitting and receiving a positioning reference signal in terminal-to-terminal direct communication and a resource pool for reporting measurement results, and perform a positioning operation.

[0204] The control unit may determine the first resource pool from one or more candidate resource pools associated with the second resource pool, and the transmission unit may transmit, to the terminal, a transmission request for a signal related to positioning in the terminal-to-terminal direct communication, the signal including information related to the first resource pool. With this configuration, it is possible to determine a resource pool for transmitting and receiving a positioning reference signal in the terminal-to-terminal direct communication and a resource pool to be used for reporting measurement results, and to perform a positioning operation.

[0205] When the receiving unit receives information related to the second resource pool and an operation request related to positioning from the terminal, and when the second resource pool based on the information is unavailable, the transmitting unit may transmit a rejection of the operation request to the terminal. With this configuration, it is possible to determine a resource pool for transmitting and receiving a positioning reference signal in terminal-to-terminal direct communication and a resource pool for reporting measurement results, and to perform a positioning operation.

[0206] Furthermore, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a positioning method in which a terminal executes the steps of receiving a signal related to positioning in terminal-to-terminal direct communication from a terminal in a first resource pool, performing a measurement based on the signal related to positioning in the terminal-to-terminal direct communication, transmitting information based on the measurement to the terminal in a second resource pool, and determining the first resource pool and the second resource pool.

[0207] With the above configuration, it is possible to determine a resource pool for transmitting and receiving a positioning reference signal in terminal-to-terminal direct communication and a resource pool for reporting measurement results, and to perform a positioning operation. That is, it is possible to report measurement results of a positioning reference signal in terminal-to-terminal direct communication.

[0208] (Supplementary explanation of the embodiment) Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the disclosed invention is not limited to such embodiments, and those skilled in the art will understand various modifications, alterations, alternatives, and substitutions. While specific numerical examples have been used to facilitate understanding of the invention, unless otherwise specified, these numerical values ​​are merely examples, and any appropriate values ​​may be used. The division of items in the above description is not essential to the present invention; two or more items may be combined as needed, and items described in one item may apply to items described in another item (unless inconsistent). The boundaries between functional units or processing units in the functional block diagram do not necessarily correspond to the boundaries between physical components. The operations of multiple functional units may be performed by a single physical component, or the operations of a single functional unit may be performed by multiple physical components. The order of the processing steps described in the embodiments may be reversed as long as there is no contradiction. For convenience of processing description, the base station 10 and terminal 20 have been described using functional block diagrams. However, such devices may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The software operated by the processor of the base station 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention and the software operated by the processor of the terminal 20 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention may each be stored in random access memory (RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (ROM), EPROM, EEPROM, registers, hard disk (HDD), removable disk, CD-ROM, database, server or any other suitable storage medium.

[0209] Furthermore, the notification of information is not limited to the aspects / embodiments described in the present disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information may be performed by physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), higher layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB)), other signals, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, the RRC signaling may be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.

[0210] Each aspect / embodiment described in the present disclosure may be any of the following: LTE (Long Term Evolution), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4G (4th generation mobile communication system), 5G (5th generation mobile communication system), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (xG (x is, for example, an integer or decimal number)), FRA (Future Radio Access), NR (new Radio), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, UMB (Ultra Mobile Broadband), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE The present invention may be applied to at least one of systems using 802.20, UWB (Ultra-Wideband), Bluetooth (registered trademark), or other appropriate systems, and next-generation systems that are extended, modified, created, or defined based on these systems. The present invention may also be applied to a combination of multiple systems (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G).

[0211] The order of the procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect / embodiment described herein may be changed unless it is consistent. For example, the methods described in this disclosure present elements of various steps using an example order and are not limited to the particular order presented.

[0212] In this specification, a specific operation that is described as being performed by the base station 10 may also be performed by its upper node in some cases. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having the base station 10, it is clear that various operations performed for communication with the terminal 20 may be performed by at least one of the base station 10 and another network node other than the base station 10 (such as, but not limited to, an MME or an S-GW). Although the above example illustrates a case where there is one other network node other than the base station 10, the other network node may be a combination of multiple other network nodes (such as an MME and an S-GW).

[0213] The information or signals described in the present disclosure may be output from a higher layer (or a lower layer) to a lower layer (or a higher layer), or may be input / output via multiple network nodes.

[0214] Input and output information may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Input and output information may be overwritten, updated, or added to. Output information may be deleted. Input information may be sent to another device.

[0215] In the present disclosure, the determination may be made based on a value represented by one bit (0 or 1), a Boolean value (true or false), or a numerical comparison (e.g., comparison with a predetermined value).

[0216] Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, functions, etc., whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise.

[0217] Software, instructions, information, etc. may also be transmitted or received over a transmission medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using wired technologies (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)), and / or wireless technologies (such as infrared, microwave), then these wired and / or wireless technologies are included within the definition of transmission media.

[0218] The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be referred to throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0219] Note that terms explained in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of a channel and a symbol may be a signal (signaling). Furthermore, a signal may be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may be called a carrier frequency, a cell, a frequency carrier, etc.

[0220] As used in this disclosure, the terms "system" and "network" are used interchangeably.

[0221] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, may be expressed using relative values ​​from a predetermined value, or may be expressed using other corresponding information. For example, a radio resource may be indicated by an index.

[0222] The names used for the above-described parameters are not intended to be limiting in any way. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. The various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements may be identified by any suitable names, and therefore the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0223] In this disclosure, terms such as "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" may be used interchangeably. Base stations may also be referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

[0224] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can be provided with communication service by a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (RRH: Remote Radio Head)). The term "cell" or "sector" refers to a part or the entire coverage area of ​​a base station and / or base station subsystem that provides communication service within this coverage.

[0225] In the present disclosure, the base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interpreted as the base station instructing the terminal to control or operate based on the information.

[0226] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," "terminal," etc. may be used interchangeably.

[0227] A mobile station may also be referred to by those skilled in the art as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

[0228] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a communication device, etc. At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a mobile object, the mobile object itself, etc. The mobile object refers to a movable object, and may move at any speed. Naturally, this also includes cases where the mobile object is stationary. Examples of the mobile object include, but are not limited to, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, handcars, rickshaws, ships and other watercraft, airplanes, rockets, satellites, drones (registered trademark), multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and objects mounted thereon. The mobile object may also be a mobile object that moves autonomously based on an operational command. It may be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned mobile object (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). At least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0229] Furthermore, a base station in the present disclosure may be read as a user terminal. For example, the aspects / embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to a configuration in which communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between a plurality of terminals 20 (which may be called, for example, D2D (Device-to-Device) or V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything)). In this case, the terminal 20 may be configured to have the functions of the base station 10 described above. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be read as terms corresponding to terminal-to-terminal communication (for example, "side"). For example, terms such as an uplink channel and a downlink channel may be read as a side channel.

[0230] Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be read as a base station, in which case the base station may be configured to have the functions of the user terminal described above.

[0231] As used in this disclosure, the terms "determining" and "determining" may encompass a wide variety of actions. "Determining" and "determining" may include, for example, judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, searching, inquiring (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, and the like. "Determining" and "determining" may also include receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input, output, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), and the like. Furthermore, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. as having been "judged" or "decided." In other words, "judgment" and "decision" can include regarding some action as having been "judged" or "decided." Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can be interpreted as "assuming," "expecting," "considering," etc.

[0232] The terms "connected," "coupled," or any variation thereof, refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements, and may include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connected" may be read as "access." As used in this disclosure, two elements may be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using one or more wires, cables, and / or printed electrical connections, as well as electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the radio frequency range, microwave range, and optical (both visible and invisible) range, as some non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples.

[0233] The reference signal may also be abbreviated as RS (Reference Signal), and may also be called a pilot depending on the applicable standard.

[0234] As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based only on," unless expressly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

[0235] As used in this disclosure, any reference to an element using a designation such as "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the quantity or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Thus, a reference to a first and a second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must in some way precede the second element.

[0236] The "means" in the configuration of each of the above devices may be replaced with "part," "circuit," "device," etc.

[0237] When used in this disclosure, the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are intended to be inclusive, similar to the term "comprising." Furthermore, when used in this disclosure, the term "or" is not intended to be an exclusive or.

[0238] A radio frame may be composed of one or more frames in the time domain. Each of the one or more frames in the time domain may be called a subframe. A subframe may further be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is independent of numerology.

[0239] Numerology may be communication parameters applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a signal or channel, such as subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering operations performed by a transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing operations performed by a transceiver in the time domain.

[0240] A slot may be configured of one or more symbols (such as an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol or a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbol) in the time domain. A slot may be a time unit based on numerology.

[0241] A slot may include multiple minislots. Each minislot may consist of one or multiple symbols in the time domain. A minislot may also be called a subslot. A minislot may consist of fewer symbols than a slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a minislot may be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0242] The radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol all represent time units for transmitting signals, and may be referred to by other names corresponding to the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol.

[0243] For example, one subframe may be called a transmission time interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, or one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. That is, at least one of the subframe and the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0244] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the smallest time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in an LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate wireless resources (such as frequency bandwidth and transmission power that can be used by each terminal 20) to each terminal 20 in TTI units. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0245] The TTI may be a transmission time unit for a channel-encoded data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc., or may be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. When a TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0246] When one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Also, the number of slots (minislots) constituting the minimum time unit for scheduling may be controlled.

[0247] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, regular subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a regular TTI may be called a shortened TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

[0248] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a normal TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a time length of more than 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) may be interpreted as a TTI having a TTI length shorter than the TTI length of a long TTI and equal to or greater than 1 ms.

[0249] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of the numerology, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may also be determined based on the numerology.

[0250] The time domain of an RB may include one or more symbols and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0251] Note that one or more RBs may also be called a physical resource block (PRB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, an RB pair, or the like.

[0252] Furthermore, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0253] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (which may also be referred to as a fractional bandwidth) may represent a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) for a given numerology on a given carrier, where the common RBs may be identified by their index relative to a common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a given BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0254] The BWP may include a BWP for UL (UL BWP) and a BWP for DL ​​(DL BWP). One or more BWPs may be set for the terminal 20 within one carrier.

[0255] At least one of the configured BWPs may be active, and the terminal 20 may not expect to transmit or receive a predetermined signal / channel outside the active BWP. Note that the terms "cell," "carrier," and the like in this disclosure may be read as "BWP."

[0256] The above-described structures of radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, symbols, etc. are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc. may be changed in various ways.

[0257] In this disclosure, where articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are in the plural form.

[0258] In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." The term may also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0259] Each aspect / embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or switched depending on the implementation. Furthermore, notification of predetermined information (e.g., notification that "X is true") is not limited to being done explicitly, but may be done implicitly (e.g., by not notifying the predetermined information).

[0260] Although the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is intended to be illustrative and does not have any limiting meaning on the present disclosure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0261] 10 base station 110 Transmitter 120 Receiver 130 Setting section 140 Control Unit 20 terminals 210 Transmitter 220 Receiving unit 230 Setting Section 240 Control Unit 1001 processor 1002 Storage device 1003 Auxiliary storage device 1004 Communication equipment 1005 Input Device 1006 Output Device 2001 Vehicle 2002 Drive unit 2003 Steering section 2004 accelerator pedal 2005 brake pedal 2006 Shift Lever 2007 front wheel 2008 rear wheel 2009 Axle 2010 Electronic Control Unit 2012 Information Services Department 2013 Communication Module 2021 Current Sensor 2022 RPM Sensor 2023 Air Pressure Sensor 2024 Vehicle speed sensor 2025 Acceleration Sensor 2026 Brake pedal sensor 2027 Shift lever sensor 2028 Object Detection Sensor 2029 Accelerator pedal sensor 2030 Driving Assistance Systems Department 2031 microprocessor 2032 memory (ROM, RAM) 2033 Communication port (IO port)

Claims

1. a receiving unit that receives a signal related to positioning in terminal-to-terminal direct communication from a terminal in a first resource pool; a control unit that performs measurement based on a signal related to positioning in the terminal-to-terminal direct communication; a transmitter configured to transmit the measurement-based information to the terminal in a second resource pool; The control unit is a terminal that determines the first resource pool and the second resource pool.

2. The terminal according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit determines the second resource pool from one or more candidate resource pools associated with the first resource pool.

3. the receiving unit receives information related to the second resource pool from the terminal; The terminal according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit determines the second resource pool based on the information.

4. the control unit determines the first resource pool from one or more resource pool candidates associated with the second resource pool; The terminal according to claim 1 , wherein the transmitting unit transmits to the terminal a request to transmit a signal related to positioning in the terminal-to-terminal direct communication, the signal including information related to the first resource pool.

5. When the receiving unit receives information related to the second resource pool and an operation request related to positioning from the terminal, and the second resource pool based on the information is unavailable, The terminal according to claim 1 , wherein the transmitting unit transmits a denial of the operation request to the terminal.

6. receiving a signal related to positioning in terminal-to-terminal direct communication from a terminal in a first resource pool; performing measurements based on signals related to positioning in the direct communication between the terminals; transmitting information based on the measurements to the terminal in a second resource pool; a procedure for determining the first resource pool and the second resource pool,

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