Floating carrier of aqueous phase heavy metal removal agent and method of removing aqueous phase heavy metal

Abstract

To provide a floating carrier of an aqueous-phase heavy metal removing agent and a method of removing aqueous-phase heavy metal, having characteristics such as a simple form, a large contact area with chemicals, and resistance to clogging by contamination, and satisfying the need of aqueous-phase heavy metal restoration.SOLUTION: The floating carrier of water-phase heavy metal removal agent includes a carrier floating cap 1, an outer bracket 8, an inner bracket, a plurality of chemical filter cartridges 2, a water flow channel 3, a microfluidic channel 4, and a micro-orifice, with the carrier floating cap 1 having a hollow shell structure to provide buoyancy, the plurality of chemical filter cartridges 2 used for storing / holding chemicals, the water flow channel 3 disposed in the middle of the outer bracket 8 to comprise a Venturi tube structure to guide water flow through the carrier, the microfluidic channel 4 disposed on the outer bracket 8 to be connected to the water flow channel 3, and the micro-orifice communicating with the microfluidic channel 4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the environmental protection technical field of aqueous heavy metal remediation, and more particularly to an aqueous heavy metal removal agent floating carrier and an aqueous heavy metal removal method. [Background technology]

[0002] How to efficiently and inexpensively remove heavy metal pollutants from rice paddies has become a hotspot and a challenge. Currently, most heavy metal treatments in rice paddies, rivers, and stream channels use industrial pollution treatment techniques, which require large investments and are prone to secondary pollution. However, biological treatment technologies for heavy metals are not yet fully developed, and problems exist, such as relatively long treatment cycles. Because rice requires large amounts of irrigation during its growth process, leaching remediation of contaminated soil combined with irrigation has the potential to be a rapid, efficient, and low-cost remediation technique for heavy metal-contaminated rice soil.

[0003] Currently, there are relatively few records of traditional repair agent carriers, and the carriers used in construction are mainly chemical industry filler carriers, which generally have problems such as poor contamination resistance and poor reusability.In addition, most of the descriptions in the literature are mainly filter screen-wrapped repair agents, which also have problems such as poor contamination resistance.

[0004] The patent "Nanosponge-loaded Phosphate-modified Chitosan Composite, Manufacturing Method, and Application" (202210741043.X) discloses a nanosponge-loaded phosphoric acid-modified chitosan composite, its manufacturing method, and application. The method includes the following steps: (1) weighing chitosan / polyvinyl alcohol and adding it to deionized water, stirring at a set temperature to obtain a sol with a set ratio; (2) preparing a 0.5*0.5*0.5 cm square nanosponge at room temperature for a set time during the chitosan / polyvinyl alcohol sol preparation in step (1); (3) allowing it to stand for a set time during the preparation; (4) curing it in a sodium hydroxide solution of a set concentration for a set time; (5) separating and washing it to obtain a nanosponge-loaded chitosan composite; and (6) adding it to tetramethylsulfone for a set time to soak it. This invention has advantages such as low cost, simple operation, and easy chemical recycling. However, the non-selective nature of the sponge makes it susceptible to problems such as contamination with other contaminants when used in water.

[0005] A patent entitled "High-Efficiency Adsorption Sewage Treatment Carrier" (202120117141.7) is provided, which discloses a high-efficiency adsorption sewage treatment carrier including a first outer fixed frame with eight first fixed brackets fixedly attached to the inside. This high-efficiency adsorption sewage treatment carrier utilizes uniformly distributed first, second, and third sewage treatment elements to increase the contact area between the device and sewage. The polyurethane porous hydrophilic gel loaded with activated carbon and nanoparticles exhibits the characteristics of filtration, adsorption, and nanoparticle physicochemical effects, increasing the device's sewage treatment capacity. Simply remove the outer bolts of the first and second mounting blocks and pull the first sewage treatment carrier out from between the first outer fixing frame and the second fixing bracket. Then, remove the outer bolts of the third and fourth mounting blocks and pull the third sewage treatment carrier out from between the second outer fixing frame and the third fixing bracket. This device is simple to operate, has a compact overall structure, a reasonable design, and is easy to use. However, the device cannot remove external contaminant particles during use, and its adsorption capacity is significantly affected by particles such as sludge during use. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a simple and efficient floating carrier for removing heavy metals from an aqueous phase and a method for removing heavy metals from an aqueous phase, in order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.

[0008] A first aspect of the present invention provides an aqueous phase heavy metal removal agent floating carrier, comprising a carrier floating cap, an outer bracket, an inner bracket, a plurality of chemical filter cartridges, a water flow channel, a microfluidic channel, and a micro-orifice, wherein specifically: The carrier floating cap is a hollow shell structure that provides buoyancy in the aqueous phase, an outer bracket is provided below the carrier floating cap; an inner bracket mounted to the outer bracket and defining a plurality of support locations; a plurality of drug filter cartridges are respectively provided at each support position, the drug filter cartridges being used to contain and support a drug; a water flow channel provided in the center of the outer bracket, having a Venturi tube structure, for directing water flow through the carrier; a microfluidic channel provided in the outer bracket and connected to the water flow channel, for forming a negative pressure suction state, so that the water in the microfluidic channel is sucked into the water flow channel; A micro-orifice is provided in the inner bracket, and the micro-orifice communicates with the micro-fluidic channel, so that a portion of the water in the drug filter cartridge is drawn into the micro-orifice and enters the micro-fluidic channel from the micro-orifice.

[0009] Furthermore, the carrier floating cap includes a regular hexagonal prism body structure and a hemispherical top structure provided on the regular hexagonal prism body structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the carrier floating cap has a hexagonal pillar body structure with a plurality of concave-convex fastening holes on each side for connecting multiple carriers, which can stably cover the target aqueous medium after the connection.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner bracket is a multi-layer partition shelf structure provided on the outer bracket, and the multi-layer partition shelf structure is provided with a plurality of support positions.

[0012] Furthermore, the chemical filter cartridge has a cylindrical structure formed by processing a filter screen, and a chemical is filled in the chemical filter cartridge, A plurality of support ribs are provided at each support position of the inner bracket, and the chemical filter cartridge is mounted on the support ribs, which are used to support the chemical filter cartridge, thereby forming a micro-orifice between the chemical filter cartridge and the partition plate of the inner bracket.

[0013] Furthermore, the chemical filter cartridge has a cylindrical structure, the mesh cross section of the filter screen of the chemical filter cartridge is trapezoidal, the pore size ranges from 50 μm to 5 mm, and the number of chemical filter cartridges increases or decreases according to the depth of the aqueous medium to be remediated.

[0014] Furthermore, the inlet diameter of the water flow channel outside the outer bracket is between 1 / 5 of the carrier floating cap and the outer diameter of the drug filter cartridge, and the diameter of the smallest point of the central diameter of the water flow channel is less than 1 / 2 of the diameter of the outer hole; The microfluidic channel is connected to a plurality of micro-orifices at the same time, and the outlet of the microfluidic channel is connected to the center of the water flow channel, thereby realizing the water suction by the Venturi effect; The diameter of the micro-orifice ranges from 0.5 mm to 50 mm.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for removing heavy metals from an aqueous phase using the above carrier, Pretreatment involves detecting the type and concentration of heavy metals in the water phase and selecting and installing the corresponding heavy metal removal agent; Carrier injection: Injecting the assembled carrier into the aqueous medium to be repaired; Water-phase heavy metal removal is achieved by pumping up the water using the negative pressure created by the carrier, bringing the contaminated water into contact with chemicals, and discharging the water after the reaction. This includes recovering the carrier, replacing the chemical in the chemical filter cartridge, and then re-injecting and using the chemical recovery / replacement.

[0016] Furthermore, the particle size of the drug particles is greater than 60 μm to ensure effective filtration by the drug filter cartridge.

[0017] Furthermore, when the carrier is poured in, only a portion of the carrier floating cap is exposed to the water surface, thereby preventing carrier deposition and stratification. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages: 1) In the present invention, the narrow channel in the water flow channel of the carrier can form a Venturi effect, thereby creating negative pressure in the microfluidic channel, which allows the micro-orifice of the carrier to absorb water from the surrounding water, improving the repair speed. The configuration of the micro-orifice of the carrier also increases the contact area between the drug and the aqueous phase contaminants, thereby enhancing the drug repair speed. 2) In the present invention, the carrier has a certain anti-pollution self-cleaning ability, and the set micro-orifice has a certain water flow rate, so that the small pore size filtration medium is less likely to form phenomena such as bridging and adhesion on the medium surface during operation, reducing the formation of filter cakes and clogging, and further enhancing the repair efficiency of the agent. 3) The present invention has the characteristics of simple format, large contact area of ​​chemicals, and resistance to contamination blockage, and meets the needs of aqueous phase heavy metal remediation. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a floating carrier of an aqueous heavy metal removal agent in the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a drug filter cartridge according to the present invention. [Figure 3] 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a microfluidic channel according to the present invention. [Figure 4] 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a support rib according to the present invention. FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a mesh of a filter screen according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020]

[0005] Overall, the floating carrier of the present invention is mainly composed of a carrier floating cap, a chemical filter cartridge, a water flow channel, a microfluidic channel, a filter screen, a micro-orifice, a support rib, an outer bracket, and an inner bracket. The carrier floating cap is located at the top and its lower part is connected to the outer bracket. The outer bracket is provided with a water flow channel, a microfluidic channel, and a support rib. The chemical filter cartridge is made by processing a filter screen and is horizontally placed on the support rib inside the inner bracket. The chemical is placed inside the filter cartridge, and the gap between the filter cartridge and the support rib forms an annular micro-orifice with the inner bracket.

[0006] The present invention is primarily applicable to the remediation of aqueous heavy metals, and is particularly suitable for leaching remediation of heavy metal-contaminated rice soil. The Venturi effect can occur within the narrow channels of the water flow channel, creating negative pressure within the microfluidic channel, allowing the carrier's micro-orifices to absorb water from the surrounding water, increasing the contact area between the loaded heavy metal removal agent and the aqueous contaminants. At the same time, the micro-orifices maintain a constant water flow rate, reducing clogging of the filter screen and ensuring the efficiency of the agent use. Compared with conventional technologies, this method has the advantages of a simpler design, a larger agent contact area, and resistance to contamination blockage, thereby meeting the needs of aqueous heavy metal remediation.

[0021] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. Any features not explicitly stated in the technical solution, such as part model numbers, material names, connection structures, control methods, algorithms, etc., are considered to be general technical features disclosed in the prior art. Example 1

[0022] In this embodiment, an aqueous heavy metal removal agent floating carrier and its application are provided. The floating carrier mainly comprises a carrier floating cap 1, a chemical filter cartridge 2, a water flow channel 3, a microfluidic channel 4, a filter screen 5, a micro-orifice 6, a support rib 7, an outer bracket 8, and an inner bracket 9, as shown in Figure 1. The carrier floating cap 1 is located at the top and its lower part is connected to the outer bracket 8, within which the water flow channel 3, the microfluidic channel 4, the support rib 7, and the inner bracket 9 are provided. The chemical filter cartridge 2 is formed by processing the filter screen 5 and is horizontally placed on the support rib 7 inside the inner bracket 9, and the chemical agent is placed inside the filter cartridge 2. The gap between the filter cartridge 2 and the support rib 7 forms an annular micro-orifice 6 with the inner bracket 9, as shown in Figures 2 and 4.

[0023] The carrier floating cap 1 has a circular top and a regular hexagonal bottom. It is made entirely from processed organic materials and is capable of floating in water. The top has a smooth hemispherical structure. The center of gravity of the entire carrier is located at the bottom of the carrier floating cap 1, so that carriers stacked on it can slide freely into the water, preventing multiple carriers from forming a stacked structure after being dropped into the water due to fluctuations in the water flow. At the same time, each side of the hexagonal bottom has a concave-convex fastening hole. See Figure 3, which allows multiple carriers to be joined together. After joining, the multiple carriers can stably cover the aqueous medium to be repaired.

[0024] The chemical filter cartridge 2 has a cylindrical structure and is made by processing a filter screen 5. It is placed horizontally inside the carrier. The filter screen 5 has a trapezoidal mesh cross section (see Figure 5). The pores in the area that comes into contact with the water flow are small, allowing chemical particles to accumulate inside the chemical filter cartridge 2. The pore size distribution depends on the particle size of the chemical particles, typically ranging from 50 μm to 5 mm. The number of chemical filter cartridges can be increased or decreased depending on the depth of the water medium being remediated. The water flow channel 3 is located in the center of the outer bracket 8 and has an overall Venturi tube structure with larger ends and smaller middles. The outer opening pore diameter is less than 1 / 5 of the carrier floating cap 1 and is equal to or greater than the outer diameter of the chemical filter cartridge 2. The inner pore diameter is less than the outer pore diameter and less than half the outer pore diameter. This structure is connected to the microfluidic channel 4. Each side of the carrier has a water flow channel 3. The water flow channel 3 can be increased or decreased depending on the number of filter cartridges actually installed.

[0025] The width of the support rib 7 that contacts the micro-orifice 6 ranges from 0.5 mm to 50 mm, and the hole communicates with the micro-fluidic channel 4 .

[0026] In the present invention, the aqueous phase heavy metal removal agent floating carrier and application includes the following steps: (1) Pretreatment The pretreatment process includes detecting the type and concentration of heavy metals in the water phase, selecting the heavy metal removal agent that needs to be loaded according to the monitoring data, and installing the assembled agent filter cartridge inside the shelf body of the floating carrier, according to the area and volume of the water medium to be remediated, assembling several floating carriers according to the above method and preparing them for loading into the designated water. (2) Career Entry The attached carrier is transported to the vicinity of the water medium to be repaired and then lowered into the water. The chemical part of the carrier penetrates into the water, and only a part of the floating cap 1 leaks out. Moreover, due to the distribution of the center of gravity of the carrier and the smooth structure of the floating cap, accumulation or stratification of the carrier generally does not occur. (3) Water phase heavy metal removal During operation, the water flows through the water flow channel 3, creating a constant negative pressure in the connected microfluidic channel 4, which then continuously sucks out the aqueous phase through the micro-orifice 6, causing the contaminated water to constantly come into contact with the heavy metal removal agent in the chemical filter cartridge body and flow out after reaction. The flowing water also carries away solid matter in the raw water, prolonging the time it takes for the filter screen 5 to become clogged. (4) Drug collection / exchange The floating carriers scattered in the water can be collected using tools such as boats or fishing nets, and after the carriers are collected, they can be reused by simply replacing the chemicals in the chemical filter cartridge 2 and repeating the pre-treatment operation. (Application example 1)

[0027] The same device as in Example 1 was used to remove cadmium from paddy soil (paddy rice soil), and the specific steps were as follows. (1) Pretreatment The cadmium content in the paddy field soil was 3.69 mg / kg, and the pH was 4.91, exceeding the corresponding risk screening value in the "Soil Environmental Quality: Agricultural Land Soil Contamination Risk Management Standards (Trial)" (GB 15618-2018). The paddy field was irrigated, and the cultivated layer soil was turned over using cultivation equipment. Enhanced remediation equipment was used to enhance the desorption and leaching of soil cadmium. The soil was then allowed to settle for 3 hours, and the cadmium concentration in the supernatant was measured. The cadmium concentration in the supernatant was approximately 37 μg / L. A molecular sieve with an adsorption effect on the heavy metal cadmium was selected as the removal agent, and the particle size of the added agent was approximately 100 microns. The assembled agent filter cartridge 2 was installed inside the floating carrier shelf. The specific number of filter cartridges was determined based on the depth of the supernatant of the paddy field irrigation water. It was calculated that approximately 300 carriers would be required depending on the area of ​​the paddy field to be restored. (2) Carrier injection and paddy field soil restoration The attached carrier is then dropped into the paddy field to be restored, and the heavy metals in the supernatant are removed, thereby achieving the goal of restoring the paddy soil. (3) Drug collection / exchange After about four days of repair, the cadmium concentration in the supernatant was detected and found to have dropped from 37 μg / L to 5 μg / L. The floating carriers scattered in the supernatant of the irrigation water were collected, and after replacing the molecular sieve in the chemical filter cartridge 2, the collected carriers could be used again after the pretreatment process, and then the next use could be waited for.

[0028] The above-described embodiments are described to facilitate understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It is apparent that those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and can apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without any creative effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0029] Body floating cap-1, drug filter cartridge-2, water flow channel-3, microfluidic channel-4, filter screen-5, micro orifice-6, support rib-7, outer bracket-8, inner bracket-9.

Claims

1. An aqueous phase heavy metal removal agent floating carrier, a carrier floating cap (1), which is a hollow shell structure for providing buoyancy in the aqueous phase; an outer bracket (8) provided below the carrier floating cap (1); an inner bracket (9) provided on the outer bracket (8) and constituting a plurality of support positions; a plurality of drug filter cartridges (2) each provided at each support location for containing and supporting a drug; a water flow channel (3) in a central portion of the outer bracket (8), having a Venturi structure, for directing water flow through the carrier; a microfluidic channel (4) provided in the outer bracket (8), connected to the water flow channel (3), and used to create a negative pressure water suction state, so that water in the microfluidic channel (4) is sucked into the water flow channel (3); a micro-orifice (6) provided in the inner bracket (9), the micro-orifice (6) communicating with the micro-fluidic channel (4), whereby a portion of the water in the chemical filter cartridge (2) is drawn into the micro-orifice (6) and enters the micro-fluidic channel (4) from the micro-orifice (6).

2. The aqueous heavy metal removal agent floating carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier floating cap (1) comprises a regular hexagonal prism body structure and a hemispherical top structure provided on the regular hexagonal prism body structure.

3. The aqueous heavy metal removal agent floating carrier described in claim 1, characterized in that each surface of the regular hexagonal pillar body structure of the carrier floating cap (1) is provided with multiple concave-convex attachment holes to realize the connection of multiple carriers.

4. The aqueous phase heavy metal removal agent floating carrier described in claim 1, characterized in that the inner bracket (9) is a multi-layer partition plate shelf structure provided on the outer bracket (8), and the multi-layer partition plate shelf structure has multiple support positions.

5. The chemical filter cartridge (2) has a cylindrical structure formed by processing a filter screen, and a chemical is filled in the chemical filter cartridge (2), The aqueous phase heavy metal removal agent floating carrier described in claim 4, characterized in that a plurality of support ribs (7) are provided at each support position of the inner bracket (9), the chemical filter cartridge (2) is mounted on the support ribs (7), and the support ribs (7) are used to support the chemical filter cartridge (2), thereby forming a micro-orifice (6) between the chemical filter cartridge (2) and the partition plate of the inner bracket (9).

6. The aqueous phase heavy metal removal agent floating carrier described in claim 1, characterized in that the chemical filter cartridge (2) has a cylindrical structure, the mesh cross section of the filter screen of the chemical filter cartridge (2) is trapezoidal, the pore size ranges from 50 μm to 5 mm, and the number of chemical filter cartridges (2) increases or decreases depending on the depth of the aqueous medium to be remediated.

7. The inlet diameter of the water flow channel (3) outside the outer bracket (8) is between 1 / 5 of the carrier floating cap (1) and the outer diameter of the chemical filter cartridge (2), and the diameter of the smallest point of the central diameter of the water flow channel (3) is less than 1 / 2 of the diameter of the outer hole; The microfluidic channel (4) is simultaneously connected to a plurality of micro-orifices (6), and the outlet of the microfluidic channel (4) is simultaneously connected to the center of the water flow channel (3), thereby realizing the suction of water by the Venturi effect; The floating carrier of the aqueous phase heavy metal removal agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the micro-orifice (6) ranges from 0.5 mm to 50 mm.

8. Pretreatment involves detecting the type and concentration of heavy metals in the water phase and selecting and installing the corresponding heavy metal removal agent; Carrier injection: Injecting the assembled carrier into the aqueous medium to be repaired; Water-phase heavy metal removal is achieved by pumping up the water using the negative pressure created by the carrier, bringing the contaminated water into contact with chemicals, and discharging the water after the reaction. A method for removing heavy metals from an aqueous phase using a carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it also includes recovering the carrier, replacing the chemical in the chemical filter cartridge, and then re-introducing and using the chemical recovery / replacement.

9. 9. The method for removing heavy metals from an aqueous phase according to claim 8, wherein the particle size of the drug particles is greater than 60 μm to ensure effective filtration by a drug filter cartridge.

10. 9. The method for removing heavy metals from an aqueous phase according to claim 8, wherein when the carrier is introduced, only a part of the carrier floating cap (1) is exposed to the water surface to prevent carrier deposition or stratification.

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