Sea-land cooperation type multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system, and optimized dispatch method for sea-land resource cooperation

Abstract

To provide a sea-land cooperation type multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system and an optimized dispatch method.SOLUTION: A system includes: a low-carbon power generation unit, a green fuel synthesis unit and an energy storage device installed on the ocean and the ocean island; a green fuel total utilization unit and a carbon recovery device installed on the ocean island and / or the land; and a sea-land cooperation type low-carbon smart control center having a multi-energy flow coupling.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of low-carbon integrated energy power generation, and particularly to a land-sea coordinated multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system and an optimized dispatch method. [Background technology]

[0002] Under the "dual carbon" backdrop, the energy system is undergoing a transformation from its traditional fossil fuel-centered approach to a new energy system aimed at low carbonization and diversification. In this transformation process, the full development of a clean, low-carbon, integrated energy system, including new energy sources, is a key direction in the construction of the new energy system. However, new energy generation output is subject to issues such as intermittency, randomness, and variability. Therefore, the full promotion of a comprehensive energy supply system that complements diverse energy sources is essential for building a low-carbon new energy system, which is of great significance for promoting China's energy transformation and economic and social development. In the process of building a low-carbon new energy system, China's coastal regions, lacking in land-based energy resources, rely heavily on industrial transformation and upgrading and an increased share of external renewable energy. Constrained by the economic development and energy and power structure in the western region, there are bottlenecks in supporting the "dual carbon" strategy by supplying renewable energy from the west to coastal regions. Therefore, it is necessary to deeply develop and utilize the abundant marine energy resources in coastal regions and build a new energy system that coordinates the land and sea.

[0003] However, there are several challenges in developing a new, coordinated energy system and its resource optimization, including a relatively coarse time granularity and insufficient consideration of renewable energy resource variability and the dynamic flexibility constraints of energy supply units. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the spatial heterogeneity of renewable energy resources at various levels, from the ocean and land to stations and regions, as well as multi-scale variability and intermittency in the time dimension. Existing multi-energy complementary coupling approaches are primarily based on the performance and efficiency parameters of existing technologies, and do not fully consider the complementary coordination between horizontal and vertical energy systems. At the same time, the interplay between technology evaluation indicators such as carbon dioxide emission reduction, economic efficiency, safety, and flexibility is not fully clear. Most approaches focus on grid-side coordination needs, ignoring the carbon dioxide conversion and utilization processes, and fail to fully explore the potential of flexibility in the coordinated control of energy production and product production.

[0004] Focusing on the above challenges and taking into account the trends of marine and land energy reserves and energy usage loads, we will study the establishment of integrated energy production units and optimized dispatch methods with the characteristics of multi-energy fusion, multi-energy storage configurations, and smart combination and coupling of various energy conversion methods in various scenarios of marine island multi-energy flow coupling systems. Furthermore, based on the concept of carbon controllable transition of the energy system, we will utilize the strengths of coal-fired power generation and renewable energy, and comprehensively consider the transition to green fuels. We will propose an integrated solution for integrated energy production units with flexible energy supply for marine island multi-energy flow coupling systems, and build a multi-energy coupling low-carbon energy system with coordinated planning, joint management, mutual response and mutual complementarity of the multi-energy flows of heat, cold, electricity and gas. This will effectively smooth out new energy fluctuations, reduce CO2 emissions, and improve the safety and flexibility of the system. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to fill the gap in the low-carbon comprehensive energy supply system based on land-sea cooperation, and to provide a land-sea cooperation multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system and optimized dispatch method that realizes the production of green fuel driven by offshore renewable energy, the large-scale storage and transportation of offshore green fuel, the diversified and comprehensive use of efficient, low-carbon and smart green fuel, and a more economical, low-carbon and reliable energy supply. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The present invention relates to a sea-land cooperative multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system, which includes a low-carbon power generation unit, a green fuel synthesis unit and an energy storage device installed on the sea and the sea island, a green fuel comprehensive utilization unit and a carbon recovery device installed on the sea island and / or on land, and a sea-land cooperative low-carbon smart control center with multi-energy flow coupling installed on the sea island or on land, The low-carbon power generation unit generates zero-carbon and / or low-carbon electricity using wind energy, solar energy, and nuclear energy on the ocean and / or ocean islands; The green fuel synthesis unit produces hydrogen and ammonia using zero-carbon and / or low-carbon electricity generated by the low-carbon power generation unit, and produces methane and methanol using hydrogen and carbon dioxide from the carbon capture device, and the ammonia, methane, and methanol are used as green fuels in the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit; The energy storage device is charged with the surplus power when there is surplus power after the low-carbon power generation unit meets the power load, and makes up for the power shortage when the low-carbon power generation unit cannot meet the power load; The green fuel comprehensive utilization unit preferentially uses green fuel for power generation when the power load cannot be met even after the energy storage device compensates for the power shortage, and burns natural gas and / or coal to generate power when the power load cannot be met even after the green fuel is used for power generation; The carbon capture device is used to capture carbon dioxide generated in the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit and transport the carbon dioxide to the green fuel synthesis unit; The sea-land coordinated low-carbon smart control center calculates the amount of zero-carbon and / or low-carbon power generation based on the collected ocean and / or ocean island wind energy, solar energy, and nuclear energy resource parameters, and combines the output capacity and power load of the energy storage device to adjust the operation strategy of the green fuel synthesis unit and the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit.

[0007] Wind power generation in this invention means converting the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical kinetic energy, and then converting the mechanical energy into electrical kinetic energy. In other words, the wind turbine rotates due to the action of wind, converting the kinetic energy of the wind into mechanical energy of the wind turbine shaft, and driving the wind turbine shaft rotates the generator to generate electricity.

[0008] The photovoltaic power generation of the present invention is a solar power generation technology that directly converts solar energy into electrical energy by utilizing the photovoltaic effect at a semiconductor interface, and is mainly composed of a solar cell panel assembly and a controller. Solar cells can be connected in series and packaged for protection to form a large-area solar cell panel assembly, which is then combined with components such as a controller to form a solar power generation device.

[0009] The nuclear power generation of this invention is a method of generating electricity using the thermal energy released by nuclear fission in a nuclear reactor. Instead of a thermal power boiler, a nuclear reactor and a steam generator are used, and the heat is transferred to water in the steam generator, which becomes steam and drives a steam turbine generator.

[0010] Preferably, the low-carbon power generation unit includes one or a combination of two or more of solar power generation, wind power generation and nuclear power generation.

[0011] Preferably, the green fuel synthesis unit comprises: A seawater electrolysis hydrogen production device that uses variable power sources such as wind and solar power to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing seawater; an electrocatalytic ammonia production apparatus for synthesizing ammonia from hydrogen and nitrogen; a methane synthesis unit for synthesizing methane from hydrogen and carbon dioxide; It is equipped with a methanol synthesis unit for synthesizing methanol from hydrogen and carbon dioxide.

[0012] The seawater electrolysis hydrogen production device is equipped with a multi-stage array structure of catalysts for producing hydrogen through seawater electrolysis and a variable renewable energy hydrogen production control system for solar / wind power.

[0013] Preferably, the surface of the electrode used in the seawater electrolysis hydrogen production apparatus is covered with a multi-element mixed modified alloy catalyst, and the doped precious metal element is one or more of nickel, ruthenium, cadmium, molybdenum, and platinum. The doping metal loading of the electrode catalyst is <0.5 mg / cm. 2 , cathode overvoltage is ≦300mV@1000mA / cm 2 , Anode overvoltage is ≦600mV@1000mA / cm 2 The electrocatalytic ammonia production apparatus uses a metal-organic complex as the electrocatalytic material, an Al-N2 or Zr-N2 cathode material as the cathode material, and uses one or more of an ionic liquid, an ionic liquid / organic solvent, or an ionic liquid / organic solvent / water as the electrolyte solution.

[0014] The solar / wind variable renewable energy hydrogen production control system analyzes and optimizes the reaction performance of the seawater electrolysis hydrogen production equipment through an electrolyzer's electrochemical-thermal-fluid coupling numerical model, and adjusts the operation control of the seawater electrolysis hydrogen production equipment in real time under variable renewable energy power supply conditions, thereby achieving hydrogen production through water electrolysis with high efficiency, minimal output suppression, and high adaptability to power supply fluctuations.

[0015] Preferably, the storage and transportation unit comprises a transport vessel that travels between the ocean island and land, a green fuel receiving terminal installed on land, a floating high-pressure cryogenic storage tank that can be detached and transported, a highly efficient active thermal insulation system that can be used under all-weather and complex oceanographic conditions, and a safe and highly efficient transfer system for green fuel on an unstable platform; the transport ship is used to transport the green fuel produced in the green fuel synthesis unit to a green fuel receiving terminal and to transport the carbon dioxide captured by the carbon capture device to the green fuel synthesis unit; the green fuel receiving terminal is used to receive green fuel from a transport vessel; The floating high-pressure cryogenic storage tank is used to store green fuel received at a green fuel receiving terminal, The transfer system is used to realize unmanned transfer / filling of green fuel at sea, and to transport the green fuel to a green fuel comprehensive utilization unit or to send out the green fuel; The insulation system is used to insulate shipping vessels, green fuel receiving terminals, floating high-pressure cryogenic storage tanks and transfer systems.

[0016] Preferably, the green fuel receiving terminal comprises an ammonia storage device, a methane storage device and a methanol storage device.

[0017] Preferably, the energy storage device comprises one or a combination of electrochemical energy storage and thermal energy storage, and the green fuel integrated utilization unit comprises one or a combination of coal-fired power generation device, natural gas methane power generation device, methanol power generation device, and ammonia energy release power generation device, wherein the natural gas methane power generation device is connected to the methane storage device of the green fuel receiving terminal, the methanol power generation device is connected to the methanol storage device of the green fuel receiving terminal, and the ammonia energy release power generation device is connected to the ammonia storage device of the green fuel receiving terminal.

[0018] The power generation principle of a coal-fired power plant is to burn coal in a boiler furnace, releasing thermal energy and generating high-temperature flue gas containing carbon dioxide. As the high-temperature flue gas passes through the boiler's heat transfer surface, heat exchange heats the working water, turning it into high-temperature, high-pressure steam. The steam is sent to a steam turbine, which rotates multi-stage turbine blades. The turbine rotor is mechanically connected to a generator via a shaft coupling, and converts mechanical energy into electrical energy for output.

[0019] The power generation principle of the natural gas methane power generation system is that a compressor pressurizes air and sends it into a combustion chamber, where it is mixed with methane and ignited to generate high-temperature combustion gas, which drives a gas turbine to generate electricity.Then, a waste heat boiler recovers exhaust gas above 500°C discharged from the gas turbine, generates steam, and drives a steam turbine to generate secondary electricity.

[0020] The methanol power plant generates electricity by igniting a methanol-mixed gas with a spark plug, moving a piston and converting chemical energy into mechanical energy. The crankshaft drives the rotor of a synchronous generator via a shaft coupling, cutting the magnetic flux lines and generating three-phase AC. The control system adjusts the air-fuel ratio, ignition advance, and power generation load in real time.

[0021] The power generation principle of the ammonia energy release power generation device is as follows: ammonia is mixed with air and then burned in a combustion chamber to release a large amount of thermal energy, which is transferred to a working medium (such as water) through a heat exchanger and converted into steam, which then drives a steam turbine to generate electricity.

[0022] Preferably, the carbon recovery device uses an absorption liquid to recover carbon dioxide in the flue gas generated in the green fuel integrated utilization unit by chemical absorption.

[0023] The present invention relates to an optimized dispatch method for sea and land resource coordination based on the above-mentioned sea and land coordinated multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system, Step 1: Collecting natural resource parameters of wind energy and solar energy on multiple time scales, and calculating the output of the low-carbon power generation unit by combining the natural resource parameters and the installed capacity of the low-carbon power generation unit; Step 2: inputting the local power load, calculating the power surplus based on the output and power load of the low-carbon power generation unit, and if the power surplus is > 0, using the green fuel synthesis unit to produce green fuel to consume the surplus power, and / or using the energy storage device to store the surplus power, and updating the storage capacity of the energy storage device; if the power surplus is ≦ 0, using the energy storage device to make up the power shortage, supplying it to the green fuel synthesis unit to produce green fuel, and updating the storage capacity of the energy storage device; the green fuel produced includes ammonia, methane, and methanol; setting the operation strategy of the green fuel synthesis unit, i.e., the production rates of ammonia, methane, and methanol, and calculating the total carbon consumption; Step 3: Determine again whether there is a power shortage. If there is still a power shortage, formulate an operation strategy for the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit. The operation strategy for the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit is set to maximize the output of green fuel and minimize the output of carbon fuel, thereby making up for the power shortage. Calculate the carbon emission of the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit based on the operation strategy formulated in step 3, and compare it with the total carbon consumption in step 2. If the carbon emission is smaller than or equal to the total carbon consumption, return to step 3 and adjust the operation strategy of the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit to increase the output of carbon fuel and decrease the output of green fuel. If the carbon emission is larger than the total carbon consumption, calculate the total carbon emission. If the total carbon emission does not meet the emission and design requirements, return to step 2 and adjust the operation strategy of the green fuel synthesis unit to increase the production rate of methane and methanol and decrease the production rate of ammonia until the carbon emission is smaller than or equal to the total carbon consumption and the total carbon emission meets the emission and design requirements. Step 4: The adjusted operation strategy of the green fuel synthesis unit and the operation strategy of the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit are one of the operation dispatch plans for the land-sea coordinated multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system; Step 1 to Step 4 are repeated to form various operational dispatch plans for the land-sea cooperative multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system, and an operational dispatch plan that satisfies the objective function and constraints is selected. An optimization algorithm is then used to obtain the single-objective optimal operational dispatch plan or the multi-objective optimal Pareto frontier, which is then used to operate the land-sea cooperative multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system. Step 5 Includes:

[0024] Preferably, each operational dispatch plan formed in step 4 satisfies the following equilibrium: Hydrogen on ocean islands must satisfy the following equilibrium:

[0025]

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[0026] Ammonia satisfies the following equilibrium:

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[0028] Methane satisfies the following equilibrium:

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[0030] Methanol satisfies the following equilibrium:

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[0032] Carbon dioxide satisfies the following equilibrium:

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[0034] The power must satisfy the following equilibrium:

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[0036] Preferably, the constraints of step 5 include: This is a constraint on the ammonia synthesis process of the electrocatalytic ammonia production unit, and the constraint formula is as follows:

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[0038] This is a constraint on the methane synthesis process of the methane synthesis unit, and the constraint formula is as follows:

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[0040] This is a constraint on the methanol synthesis process of the methanol synthesis unit. The constraint formula is as follows:

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[0042] Energy consumption constraints due to green fuel production, the constraint equation includes:

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[0044] Energy consumption constraints from the combustion of green fuels, the constraint equations include:

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[0046] This is the capacity constraint of the hydrogen storage tank on the ocean island, and the constraint equation is as follows:

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[0048] This is the capacity constraint for the methane storage tank of the transport ship. The constraint equation is as follows:

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[0050] This is the capacity constraint of the carbon dioxide storage tank of the transport ship, and the constraint equation is as follows.

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[0052] This is the operational state constraint of the transport ship, and the constraint formula is as follows:

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[0054] Preferably, the objective function of step 5 includes:

[0055] This is the objective function of the operating cost, and the function formula is as follows:

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[0057] This is the objective function for investment returns, and the function formula is as follows:

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[0059] Preferably, in step 4, the surplus amount of green fuel is also calculated through the green fuel synthesis unit operation strategy and the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit operation strategy, and the calculated surplus amount is used as the amount of green fuel to be transmitted outside the region.

[0060] The objective function or constraints in step 5 include a levelized cost of energy (LCE) that measures economic efficiency, a CO2 emission per kWh of electricity generated that measures environmental impact, and a load satisfaction level that measures reliability of power supply, and the optimization algorithm is a genetic algorithm, a particle swarm algorithm, or a linear programming solver. [Effects of the Invention]

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantageous effects:

[0062] 1. The land-sea cooperative multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system of the present invention builds low-carbon power generation units in the ocean and / or ocean islands, generates electricity using the abundant and stable solar and wind energy of the ocean and ocean islands, uses seawater to produce hydrogen and ammonia, and a green fuel synthesis unit re-produces green fuel using the hydrogen obtained and carbon dioxide generated by burning coal and natural gas in the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit. This system makes full use of the abundant and stable solar, wind, and seawater resources of the ocean and ocean islands to produce green fuel to be used in the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit, thereby reducing the amount of coal and natural gas used in the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit and using the generated carbon dioxide as a raw material to re-produce green fuel, thereby reducing the emission of harmful gases and carbon dioxide.

[0063] 2. The smart sea-land coordinated low-carbon coordination method of the present invention establishes an operation strategy model for a green fuel synthesis unit and an operation strategy model for a green fuel comprehensive utilization unit, formulates an operation strategy for the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit based on the output and power load of the output energy storage device of the low-carbon power generation unit, estimates carbon emissions based on the operation strategy for the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit, and then adjusts the operation strategy for the green fuel synthesis unit based on the carbon emissions, thereby providing an operation dispatch plan that meets carbon emission standards and uses less coal, selects operation dispatch plans that meet the constraints based on the objective functions or constraints of various operation dispatch plans, and uses an optimization algorithm to obtain a single-objective optimal operation dispatch plan or a multi-objective optimal Pareto frontier, thereby providing a safe and reliable operation mode for multi-form flexible resources for an ocean island multi-energy flow coupling system (sending-end continental island / isolated open-ocean island), and determines the sea-land coordinated dispatch capability of the multi-energy flow coupling system according to changes in supply and demand trends, and realizes coordinated dispatch under multi-time scales such as days, hours, and minutes, thereby improving the overall system energy utilization rate by more than 30%. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0064] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of a land-sea cooperative multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system according to the present invention. [Figure 2] This is a flowchart of a multi-energy coupling low-carbon energy system based on land-sea cooperation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0065] The technical means in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but it goes without saying that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention and do not cover all of the embodiments. Any other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative activity fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2. The land-sea cooperative multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system of the present invention includes a low-carbon power generation unit installed on the ocean and the ocean island, a green fuel synthesis unit, an energy storage device, a green fuel comprehensive utilization unit installed on the ocean island and / or on land, a carbon recovery device, and a land-sea cooperative low-carbon smart control center with multi-energy flow coupling installed on the ocean island or on land.

[0067] The low-carbon power generation unit may include a combination of one or more of solar power, wind power, and nuclear power, and may utilize wind, solar, and nuclear resources to generate zero-carbon and / or low-carbon electricity.

[0068] The green fuel synthesis unit produces hydrogen and ammonia using zero-carbon and / or low-carbon electricity generated by the low-carbon power generation unit, and produces methane and methanol using hydrogen and carbon dioxide from the carbon capture unit, and the ammonia, methane, and methanol are used as green fuels in the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit. The green fuel synthesis unit includes a seawater electrolysis hydrogen production device powered by variable power sources such as wind and solar power, an electrocatalytic ammonia production device, a methane synthesis device, and a methanol synthesis device.

[0069] A seawater electrolysis hydrogen production system powered by variable wind and solar power sources is used to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing seawater. The seawater electrolysis hydrogen production system is equipped with a multi-stage array structure of seawater electrolysis hydrogen production catalysts and a variable solar / wind renewable energy hydrogen production control system. The variable solar / wind renewable energy hydrogen production control system analyzes and optimizes the reaction performance of the seawater electrolysis hydrogen production system through an electrochemical-thermal-fluid coupled numerical model of the electrolyzer, and adjusts the operation control of the seawater electrolysis hydrogen production system in real time under variable renewable energy power supply conditions. The surface of the electrode used in the seawater electrolysis hydrogen production system is covered with a multi-element mixed modified alloy catalyst, and the doped metal element is one or more of nickel, ruthenium, cadmium, molybdenum, and platinum. The electrode catalyst doping metal loading is <0.5 mg / cm. 2 , cathode overvoltage is ≦300mV@1000mA / cm 2 , Anode overvoltage is ≦600mV@1000mA / cm 2 is.

[0070] The electrocatalytic ammonia production device is used to synthesize ammonia from hydrogen and nitrogen. The electrocatalytic material in the electrocatalytic ammonia production device is a metal-organic complex, the cathode material is an Al-N2 or Zr-N2 cathode material, and the electrolyte solution is one or more of ionic liquid, ionic liquid / organic solvent, or ionic liquid / organic solvent / water. The electrocatalytic ammonia production device uses a multi-stage series mode electrolysis cell to achieve large-scale production of green ammonia, and the shunt current density of the electrocatalytic N2 ammonia production system is 300 mA cm. -2 or more, the ammonia yield is 5 × 10 -5 mol·s -1 ·cm -2 The catalytic efficiency remains above 90% even after 500 hours of electrolysis.

[0071] The methanol synthesis unit uses a CO2 hydrogenation methanol synthesis catalyst with high activity and high product selectivity under low-temperature and low-pressure conditions, and a new type of reaction-separation coupled CO2 hydrogenation reactor, achieving a single-pass carbon dioxide conversion rate of ≥ 25%, a total hydrogen conversion rate of ≥ 92%, a total methanol selectivity of ≥ 96%, and a methanol content in the organic phase of ≥ 99%.

[0072] The energy storage device is charged with the surplus power when there is surplus power after the low-carbon power generation unit satisfies the power load, and makes up for the power shortage when the low-carbon power generation unit cannot satisfy the power load. The energy storage device includes one of electrochemical energy storage, thermal energy storage, or a combination thereof.

[0073] The green fuel integrated utilization unit includes one or a combination of a coal-fired power generation device, a natural gas methane power generation device, a methanol power generation device, and an ammonia energy release power generation device, wherein the natural gas methane power generation device is connected to a methane storage device of the green fuel receiving terminal, the methanol power generation device is connected to a methanol storage device of the green fuel receiving terminal, and the ammonia energy release power generation device is connected to an ammonia storage device of the green fuel receiving terminal.

[0074] The green fuel comprehensive utilization unit preferentially uses green fuel for power generation if the power load cannot be met even after the energy storage device has compensated for the power shortage. If the power load cannot be met even after using green fuel for power generation, it burns natural gas and / or coal to generate power. The green fuel comprehensive utilization unit burns green fuel or carbon-based fuel to generate steam, which drives a steam turbine. The steam turbine drives a generator to generate power. The generated steam is used to supply heat to the outside. If there is excess heat after supplying heat to the outside, it is stored in a molten salt tank. If there is a shortage of heat to the outside, the heat in the molten salt tank is applied to a steam generator to generate steam, thereby compensating for the shortage of heat to the outside. At this time, the steam generated by the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit does not heat the molten salt in the molten salt tank. Instead, the temperature in the molten salt tank drops. After the temperature reaches a set lower limit, the electrical energy generated by the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit can be used to heat the molten salt in the molten salt tank using an electrical heating method.

[0075] The carbon capture device is used to capture carbon dioxide generated in the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit and transport the carbon dioxide to the green fuel synthesis unit. Specifically, the carbon capture device uses an absorption liquid to capture carbon dioxide in the flue gas generated in the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit by chemical absorption, and then separates the carbon dioxide from the absorption liquid by carbon analysis and supplies it to the green fuel synthesis unit.

[0076] The land-sea cooperative low-carbon smart control center calculates the amount of zero-carbon and / or low-carbon power generation based on the collected wind, solar, and nuclear resource parameters of the ocean and / or ocean islands, and adjusts the operation strategies of the green fuel synthesis unit and the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit by combining the output capacity of the energy storage device and the power load.

[0077] The above-mentioned land-sea cooperative multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system also includes a large-scale green fuel storage and transportation unit suitable for complex oceanographic conditions. The storage and transportation unit includes a transport vessel that travels between offshore islands and land, a green fuel receiving terminal installed on land, a floating high-pressure cryogenic storage tank that can be detached and transported, a high-efficiency active insulation system that can be used in all-weather complex oceanographic conditions, and a safe and highly efficient green fuel transfer system for unstable platforms. The transport vessel is used to transport green fuel produced in a green fuel synthesis unit to the green fuel receiving terminal and to transport carbon dioxide captured in a carbon capture device to the green fuel synthesis unit, thereby achieving controllable carbon transfer. The green fuel receiving terminal is used to receive green fuel from the transport vessel. The floating high-pressure cryogenic storage tank is used to store the green fuel received at the green fuel receiving terminal. The transfer system is used to realize unmanned transfer / filling of green fuel at sea and to transport the green fuel to a green fuel comprehensive utilization unit or to send out the green fuel. The insulation system is used to insulate shipping vessels, green fuel receiving terminals, floating high-pressure cryogenic storage tanks and transfer systems.

[0078] The present invention also relates to an optimized dispatch method for sea and land resource coordination, which includes the following steps:

[0079] Step 1: Collect multi-time scale wind and solar resource parameters, and calculate the output of the low-carbon power generation unit by combining the natural resource parameters and the installed capacity of the low-carbon power generation unit.

[0080] Step 2: Enter the local power load and calculate the power surplus based on the output and power load of the low-carbon power generation unit.

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[0082] If the power surplus is greater than 0, the green fuel synthesis unit is used to produce green fuel to consume the surplus power, and / or the energy storage device is used to store the surplus power and update the storage capacity of the energy storage device; if the power surplus is less than or equal to 0, the energy storage device is used to make up for the power shortage and supply it to the green fuel synthesis unit to produce green fuel and update the storage capacity of the energy storage device; the green fuels produced include ammonia, methane and methanol; an operation strategy for the green fuel synthesis unit, i.e., the production rates of ammonia, methane and methanol, is set; and the total carbon consumption is calculated.

[0083] Step 3: Power Surplus

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[0085] If the power shortage continues, an operation strategy for the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit will be formulated, and the operation strategy for the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit will be set to maximize the output of green fuels and minimize the output of carbon fuels such as coal and natural gas, thereby making up for the power shortage.

[0086] Step 4: Calculate the carbon emissions of the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit based on the operation strategy formulated in Step 3 and compare it with the carbon consumption in Step 2. If the carbon emissions are less than or equal to the carbon consumption, return to Step 3 and adjust the operation strategy of the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit to increase the output of natural gas and / or coal and reduce the output of green fuel. If the carbon emissions are greater than the total carbon consumption, calculate the total carbon emissions. If the carbon emissions do not meet the emission and design requirements, return to Step 2 and adjust the operation strategy of the green fuel synthesis unit to increase the methane and methanol production rate and decrease the ammonia production rate until the carbon emissions are less than or equal to the total carbon consumption and the total carbon emissions meet the emission and design requirements. The adjusted operation strategy of the green fuel synthesis unit and the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit are included in the operation dispatch plan for the land-sea coordinated multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system. Based on this step, the green fuel surplus amount is also calculated through the green fuel synthesis unit operation strategy and the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit operation strategy, and the calculated surplus amount is used as the green fuel off-shore power transmission amount.

[0087] Based on the above steps, various operational dispatch plans for a sea-land coordinated multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system are formed, and each operational dispatch plan must satisfy the following equilibrium:

[0088] Hydrogen on ocean islands must satisfy the following equilibrium:

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[0090] Ammonia satisfies the following equilibrium:

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[0092] Methane satisfies the following equilibrium:

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[0094] Methanol satisfies the following equilibrium:

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[0096] Carbon must satisfy the following equilibrium:

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[0098] The power must satisfy the following power balance:

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[0100] Step 5: Based on the various operational dispatch plans of the land-sea coordinated multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system formed in Step 4, calculate the objective functions or constraints of the various operational dispatch plans of the land-sea coordinated multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system, select the operational dispatch plans that satisfy the constraints, and obtain the single-objective optimal operational dispatch plan or the multi-objective optimal Pareto frontier through an optimization algorithm, and use it to operate the land-sea coordinated multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system. The objective functions or constraints include:

[0101] This is a constraint on the ammonia synthesis process of the electrocatalytic ammonia production unit, and the constraint formula is as follows:

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[0103] This is a constraint on the methane synthesis process of the methane synthesis unit, and the constraint formula is as follows:

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[0105] This is a constraint on the methanol synthesis process of the methanol synthesis unit. The constraint formula is as follows:

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[0107] Energy consumption constraints due to green fuel production, the constraint equation includes:

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number

number

number

number

number

[0109] Energy consumption constraints from the combustion of green fuels, the constraint equations include:

[0110]

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

[0111] This is the capacity constraint of the hydrogen storage tank on the ocean island, and the constraint equation is as follows:

[0112]

number

number

number

number

number

number

[0113] This is the capacity constraint for the methane storage tank of the transport ship. The constraint equation is as follows:

[0114]

number

number

number

number

number

number

[0115] This is the capacity constraint of the carbon dioxide storage tank of the transport ship, and the constraint equation is as follows.

[0116]

number

number

number

number

number

number

[0117] This is the operational state constraint of the transport ship, and the constraint formula is as follows:

[0118]

number

number

number

number

number

[0119] The objective functions of the various operational dispatch plans of the land-sea coordinated multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system in step 5 include:

[0120] This is the objective function of the operating cost, and the function formula is as follows:

[0121]

number

number

number

number

number

number

[0122] This is the objective function for investment returns, and the function formula is as follows:

[0123]

number

number

number

number

number

[0124] The objective function or constraints include a levelized cost of electricity (LCE) that measures economic efficiency, CO2 emissions per kWh of electricity generated that measures environmental impact, and load satisfaction that measures the reliability of the power supply, and the optimization algorithm is a genetic algorithm, a particle swarm algorithm, or a linear programming solver.

[0125] The formula for the levelized cost of electricity is as follows:

[0126]

number

[0127] The formula for CO2 emissions per kWh of electricity generated is as follows:

[0128]

number

number

number

number

number

number

number

[0129] The formula for load satisfaction is:

[0130]

number

number

number

[0131] Multi-energy coupling will achieve power load satisfaction of 99% or more, wind / solar power curtailment rates of less than 10%, and reduce CO2 emissions per kWh of power generated by the energy supply system from 800g / kWh to less than 300g / kWh.

[0132] The present invention also relates to an optimized dispatch method for sea and land resource coordination, which can be classified into day-ahead dispatch, same-day dispatch and real-time dispatch according to dispatch time.

[0133] Day-ahead dispatching involves formulating energy production and consumption plans based on the day-ahead forecast data (weather, energy demand, market prices, etc.) at the site of the integrated onshore and offshore energy system, optimizing resource allocation to reduce costs and maximize profits. The sampling time at this stage is one hour, and dispatching not only takes energy costs into account, but also evaluates potential market profits, formulates production strategies that minimize risk, and ensures resources achieve the optimal balance between efficiency and cost. The day-ahead dispatching decision-making process includes all decision-making variables.

[0134] Based on day-ahead dispatch instructions, intraday dispatch updates and adjusts the day-ahead plan multiple times during the day of operation to reflect changes in shorter-term market and operating conditions and adapt to actual changes. The sampling time is typically 15 minutes. This includes responding to weather forecast revisions, changes in equipment performance, or sudden changes in market demand. Intraday dispatch adjusts power generation and fuel usage through a dynamic optimization model to maximize the cost-benefit ratio and ensure stable and reliable system operation. The intraday dispatch decision-making process no longer adjusts the operating status of equipment with slow response times (such as fuel production for ammonia, methane, and methanol).

[0135] Based on the same-day dispatch command, real-time dispatch adjusts the power balance between offshore islands and onshore based on real-time data and real-time system status, focusing on rapid response on a minute-by-minute basis. Real-time dispatch requires the system to respond quickly to emergencies (such as equipment failures or temporary load increases) and immediately adjust operational parameters (such as the charge / discharge status of energy storage devices and emergency power generation dispatch) to maintain system stability. The challenge of real-time dispatch is to make accurate decisions in an extremely short time, balancing economic benefits with operational safety.

[0136] This hierarchical dispatch approach allows the system to respond flexibly to various operational challenges, effectively managing energy flows and optimizing the system's economic and environmental impact.

[0137] Although the present invention has been specifically described above with reference to the embodiments, the described contents are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. Equivalent changes and improvements made based on the claims of the present invention should be included within the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-carbon new energy system that combines land and sea energy and is a multi-energy coupling system. Low-carbon power generation units, green fuel synthesis units and energy storage devices installed on oceans and ocean islands; a green fuel integrated utilization unit and carbon capture device installed on an ocean island and / or on land; and a sea-land cooperative low-carbon smart control center having multi-energy flow coupling installed on an ocean island or on land, The low-carbon power generation unit generates zero-carbon or / and low-carbon electricity using wind energy, solar energy, and nuclear energy on the ocean and / or ocean islands; The green fuel synthesis unit produces hydrogen and ammonia using zero-carbon or / and low-carbon electricity generated by the low-carbon power generation unit, and produces methane and methanol using hydrogen and carbon dioxide from the carbon capture device, and the ammonia, methane, and methanol are used as green fuels in the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit; The energy storage device is charged with the surplus power when there is surplus power after the low-carbon power generation unit meets the power load, and makes up for the power shortage when the low-carbon power generation unit cannot meet the power load; The green fuel comprehensive utilization unit preferentially uses green fuel for power generation when the power load cannot be met even after the energy storage device makes up for the power shortage, and burns carbon fuel to generate power when the power load cannot be met even after the green fuel is used for power generation; The carbon capture device is used to capture carbon dioxide generated in the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit and transport the carbon dioxide to the green fuel synthesis unit; The land-sea coordinated low-carbon smart control center calculates the amount of zero-carbon or / and low-carbon power generation based on the collected wind energy, solar energy, and nuclear energy resource parameters of the ocean and / or ocean islands, and adjusts the operation strategy of the green fuel synthesis unit and the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit in combination with the output capacity and power load of the energy storage device. This is a low-carbon new energy system that combines land and sea energy and is characterized by multi-energy coupling.

2. The green fuel synthesis unit comprises: A seawater electrolysis hydrogen production device that uses variable power sources such as wind and solar power to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing seawater; an electrocatalytic ammonia production apparatus for synthesizing ammonia from hydrogen and nitrogen; a methane synthesis unit for synthesizing methane from hydrogen and carbon dioxide; a methanol synthesis unit for synthesizing methanol from hydrogen and carbon dioxide, The surface of the electrode used in the seawater electrolysis hydrogen production device is covered with a multi-element mixed modified alloy catalyst, and the doped precious metal element is one or more of nickel, ruthenium, cadmium, molybdenum, and platinum, and the electrode catalyst doping metal loading is <0.5 mg / cm ２ , cathodic overvoltage ≦300 mV @ 1000 mA / cm ２ , Anode overvoltage is ≦600 mV @ 1000 mA / cm ２ The electrocatalytic material in the electrocatalytic ammonia production apparatus is a metal organic complex, and the cathode material is Al—N ２ or Zr—N ２ A cathode material is used, and the electrolyte solution is one or more of an ionic liquid, an ionic liquid / organic solvent, or an ionic liquid / organic solvent / water. The land-sea cooperative multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system according to claim 1.

3. The system further comprises a storage and transportation unit including a transport vessel that travels between the ocean island and land, a green fuel receiving terminal installed on land, a floating high-pressure cryogenic storage tank that can be attached and removed and transported, a highly efficient active thermal insulation system that can be used under all weather and complex oceanographic conditions, and a safe and highly efficient green fuel transfer system on an unstable platform; the transport ship is used to transport the green fuel produced in the green fuel synthesis unit to a green fuel receiving terminal and to transport the carbon dioxide captured by the carbon capture device to the green fuel synthesis unit; the green fuel receiving terminal is used to receive green fuel from a transport vessel; The floating high-pressure cryogenic storage tank is used to store green fuel received at a green fuel receiving terminal, The transfer system is used to realize unmanned transfer / filling of green fuel at sea, and to transport the green fuel to a green fuel comprehensive utilization unit or to send out the green fuel; The insulation system is used to insulate transport ships, green fuel receiving terminals, floating high-pressure cryogenic storage tanks and transfer systems. The land-sea cooperative multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system according to claim 1.

4. The land-sea cooperative multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system of claim 3, characterized in that the green fuel receiving terminal comprises an ammonia storage device, a methane storage device, and a methanol storage device.

5. The land-sea coordinated multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system of claim 4, characterized in that the energy storage device comprises one or a combination of electrochemical energy storage and thermal energy storage, the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit comprises one or a combination of coal-fired power generation device, natural gas methane power generation device, methanol power generation device, and ammonia energy release power generation device, wherein the natural gas methane power generation device is connected to the methane storage device of the green fuel receiving terminal, the methanol power generation device is connected to the methanol storage device of the green fuel receiving terminal, and the ammonia energy release power generation device is connected to the ammonia storage device of the green fuel receiving terminal.

6. The land-sea cooperative multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system described in claim 1, characterized in that the carbon recovery device uses an absorption liquid to recover carbon dioxide in the flue gas generated by the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit by chemical absorption.

7. The method for optimizing dispatch of land and sea resource coordination based on a land and sea coordinated multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system as claimed in claim 1, Step 1: Collecting resource parameters of wind energy and solar energy on multiple time scales, and calculating the output of the low-carbon power generation unit by combining the natural resource parameters and the installed capacity of the low-carbon power generation unit; Step 2: inputting the local power load, calculating the power surplus based on the output and power load of the low-carbon power generation unit, and if the power surplus is > 0, using the green fuel synthesis unit to produce green fuel to consume the surplus power, and / or using the energy storage device to store the surplus power, and updating the storage capacity of the energy storage device; if the power surplus is ≦ 0, using the energy storage device to make up the power shortage, supplying it to the green fuel synthesis unit to produce green fuel, and updating the storage capacity of the energy storage device, the green fuel produced includes ammonia, methane, and methanol, and setting the operation strategy of the green fuel synthesis unit, i.e., the production rates of ammonia, methane, and methanol, and calculating the carbon consumption; Step 3: Determine again whether there is a power shortage, and if there is still a power shortage, formulate an operation strategy for the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit, and set the operation strategy for the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit to maximize the output of green fuel and minimize the output of carbon fuel, thereby making up for the power shortage. Calculate the carbon emission of the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit according to the operation strategy formulated in step 3, and compare it with the carbon consumption in step 2. If the carbon emission is smaller than or equal to the total carbon emission, return to step 3 and adjust the operation strategy of the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit to increase the output of carbon fuel and decrease the output of green fuel. If the carbon emission is greater than the total carbon emission, calculate the total carbon emission. If the total carbon emission does not meet the emission and design requirements, return to step 2 and adjust the operation strategy of the green fuel synthesis unit to increase the production rate of methane and methanol and decrease the production rate of ammonia until the carbon emission is greater than the total carbon emission and meets the emission and design requirements. Step 4: The adjusted operation strategy of the green fuel synthesis unit and the operation strategy of the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit are one of the operation dispatch plans for the land-sea coordinated multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system. Step 5: Repeat steps 1 to 4 to generate various operational dispatch plans for the land-sea cooperative multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system, select an operational dispatch plan that satisfies the objective function and constraints, and use an optimization algorithm to obtain a single-objective optimal operational dispatch plan or a multi-objective optimal Pareto frontier, and use this to operate the land-sea cooperative multi-energy coupling low-carbon new energy system. A method for optimizing dispatch of sea and land resource coordination, comprising:

8. The method for optimizing dispatching of maritime and land resources coordination as claimed in claim 7, wherein each operational dispatching plan formed in step 4 satisfies the following equilibrium: The hydrogen on the oceanic islands satisfies the following equilibrium: [Equation 1] [In the formula, [Equation 2] is the amount of hydrogen produced, [Equation 3] is the amount of hydrogen consumed in ammonia production, [Equation 4] is the amount of hydrogen consumed in methane production, [Equation 5] is the amount of hydrogen consumed in methanol production, [Equation 6] is the amount of hydrogen stored in the ocean island hydrogen storage unit, [Equation 7] is the amount of hydrogen released from the ocean island hydrogen storage device.] 、 Ammonia satisfies the following equilibrium: [Equation 8] [In the formula, [Equation 9] is the amount of ammonia produced, [Equation 10] is the amount of ammonia loaded on the ship, [0011] is the amount of ammonia consumed by combustion on the ocean island, [0012] is the amount of ammonia stored in the ammonia storage unit on the ocean island, [0013] is the amount of ammonia released from the ocean island ammonia storage facility.] 、 Methane satisfies the following equilibrium: [0014] [In the formula, [Equation 15] is the methane production, [0016] is the amount of methane carried on the ship, [Equation 17] is the amount of methane consumed by combustion on the ocean island, [Equation 18] is the amount of methane stored in the ocean island methane storage facility, [Equation 19] is the amount of methane released from the ocean island methane storage facility.] 、 Methanol satisfies the following equilibrium: [Equation 20] [In the formula, [0000] is the amount of methanol produced, [Equation 22] is the amount of methanol loaded on the ship, [Equation 23] is the amount of methanol consumed by combustion on the ocean island, [0000] is the amount of methanol stored in the ocean island methanol storage unit, [Equation 25] is the amount of methanol released from the ocean island methanol storage unit.] 、 Carbon dioxide satisfies the following equilibrium: [Equation 26] [In the formula, [0000] is the amount of carbon dioxide produced by burning methane, [0000] is the amount of carbon dioxide produced by the combustion of methanol, [0000] is the amount of carbon dioxide produced by burning coal, [Equation 30] is the amount of carbon dioxide captured by the ocean island carbon capture facility, [Equation 31] is the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by the ship, [Equation 32] is the amount of carbon dioxide emitted directly from oceanic islands.] 、 The power must satisfy the following equilibrium: [Equation 33] [In the formula, [Equation 34] 、 [Equation 35] 、 [Equation 36] 、 [Equation 37] 、 [Equation 38] represent the power of wind, solar, ammonia, methane and methanol generators, respectively; [Number 39] 、 [Equation 40] 、 [Equation 41] 、 [Equation 42] represent the electricity consumption for hydrogen production, ammonia production, methane production, and methanol production, respectively; [Equation 43] represents the real-time power load of the oceanic island.]

9. The method for optimizing dispatch of sea and land resources coordination as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the constraints in step 5 include: The constraint of the ammonia synthesis process of the electrocatalytic ammonia production unit is expressed by the constraint formula: [Equation 44] [In the formula, [Equation 45] is the amount of hydrogen consumed in ammonia production, [Equation 46] is the amount of nitrogen consumed in ammonia production, [Equation 47] is the amount of ammonia produced.] 、 The constraint of the methane synthesis process of the methane synthesis unit is expressed by the constraint formula: [Number 48] [In the formula, [Number 49] is the amount of hydrogen consumed in methane production, [Number 50] is the amount of carbon dioxide produced by the combustion of methane, [0.51] is the amount of methane produced.] 、 The constraint of the methanol synthesis process of the methanol synthesis unit is expressed by the constraint formula: [Number 52] [In the formula, [Number 53] is the amount of hydrogen consumed in methanol production, [Number 54] is the amount of carbon dioxide consumed in methanol production, [Number 55] is the amount of methanol produced.] 、 The energy consumption constraint due to green fuel production is: [Number 56] 、 [Number 57] 、 [Number 58] 、 [Number 59] 、 [In the formula, [Number 60] 、 [Number 61] 、 [Number 62] 、 [Number 63] represents the energy consumption conversion relationship in the green fuel production process, [Number 64] 、 [Number 65] 、 [Number 66] 、 [Number 67] respectively represent the power consumption of hydrogen production, ammonia production, methane production, and methanol production at time t, [Number 68] 、 [Number 69] 、 [Number 70] 、 [Number 71] represent the production amounts of hydrogen, ammonia, methane, and methanol at time t, respectively.] 、 The energy consumption constraint from the combustion of green fuels is expressed as: [Number 72] 、 [Number 73] 、 [Number 74] 、 [In the formula, [Number 75] 、 [Number 76] 、 [Number 77] represents the energy consumption transformation relationship in the green fuel utilization process of the energy island, [Number 78] 、 [Number 79] 、 [Number 80] represent the power of the ammonia, methane, and methanol generators at time t, respectively; [Number 81] 、 [Number 82] 、 [Number 83] are the amounts of ammonia, methane, and methanol consumed by combustion on the ocean island, respectively. 、 The capacity constraint of the hydrogen storage tank on the ocean island is expressed as: [Number 84] [In the formula, [Number 85] and [Number 86] are the amounts of hydrogen stored and released in the hydrogen storage tank of the ocean island at time t, respectively; [Number 87] is the total capacity of the hydrogen storage tanks on the ocean island, [Number 88] and [Number 89] represent the hydrogen storage capacities of the hydrogen storage tanks of the ocean island at time t and time t-1, respectively.] 、 The capacity constraint for the methane storage tank of the carrier is: [Number 90] [In the formula, [Number 91] and [Number 92] are the amounts of methane stored and released in the methane storage tank of the carrier at time t, respectively; [Number 93] is the total capacity of the methane storage tanks, [Number 94] and [Number 95] represent the capacity of the methane storage tank of the transport ship at time t and time t-1, respectively.] 、 The capacity constraint for the carbon dioxide storage tank of the carrier is expressed as: [Number 96] [In the formula, [Number 97] and [Number 98] are the amounts of carbon dioxide stored and released from the carbon dioxide storage tank of the transport ship at time t, respectively. [Number 99] is the total volume of the carbon dioxide storage tank, [Number 100] and [Number 101] represents the capacity of the carbon dioxide storage tank of the transport ship at time t and time t-1.] 、 The operational state constraint of the transport ship is: [Number 102] [In the formula, [Number 103] is the vessel is in a state of filling with working fluid at time t; [Number 104] that the vessel is in the process of unloading hydraulic fluid; [Number 105] that the vessel is in a state of navigation; [Number 106] indicates that the vessel is moored.]

10. The sea and land resource coordination optimization dispatch method of claim 7, wherein the objective function of step 5 includes: The objective function for operational costs is: [Number 107] [In the formula, [Number 108] The carbon sink price, [Number 109] is the coal price, [Number 110] is the amount of carbon dioxide emitted directly from oceanic islands, [Number 111] is the amount of carbon dioxide emitted from land, [Number 112] is the amount of coal consumed on land.] 、 This is the objective function for investment returns, and the formula is: [Number 113] [In the formula, [Number 114] is the investment return objective function, [Number 115] and [Number 116] are the power load and power demand of the ocean island at time t, respectively. [Number 117] is the electricity selling price.]

11. The sea-land resource coordination optimization dispatch method of claim 7, characterized in that in step 4, the surplus amount of green fuel is also calculated through the green fuel synthesis unit operation strategy and the green fuel comprehensive utilization unit operation strategy, and the calculated surplus amount is used as the amount of green fuel to be transmitted outside the area.

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