Environmental attributes of plastic additives

Abstract

Disclosed are a system for producing a plastic additive associated with a digital asset, a method for producing a plastic additive associated with a digital asset, an apparatus for generating a digital asset, a computer implemented method for generating a chemical product passport, a computer program element for generating a digital asset, uses of a plastic additive associated with a digital asset, uses of the digital asset, a product produced from a plastic additive and associated with the digital asset, a digital asset including one or more decentralized identifiers and data relating to environmental impact data, an apparatus for producing a product associated with a digital asset, and a method for producing a product associated with a digital asset.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a system for manufacturing a plastic additive associated with a plastic additive passport or digital asset, a method for manufacturing a plastic additive associated with a plastic additive passport or digital asset, an apparatus for generating a plastic additive passport or digital asset, a computer implemented method for generating a chemical product passport, a computer program element for generating a plastic additive passport or digital asset, uses of a plastic additive associated with a plastic additive passport or digital asset, uses of a plastic additive passport or digital asset, a product manufactured from a plastic additive and associated with a plastic additive passport or digital asset, a plastic additive, a plastic additive passport or digital asset including data relating to one or more decentralized identifiers and environmental impact data, an apparatus for manufacturing a product associated with a plastic additive passport or digital asset, and a method for manufacturing a product associated with a plastic additive passport or digital asset. [Background technology]

[0002] In the supply chain, the environmental impact of each supply chain participant is a major concern. Especially in the field of plastics, plastic additives are used in a wide range of applications and are supplied to diverse value chains. In such a complex system, it is difficult to achieve transparency between value chain participants. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0003] In one aspect, disclosed is a system for producing a plastic additive passport or a plastic additive associated with a digital asset, the system comprising: - a chemical manufacturing network configured to produce a plastic additive, the plastic additive being produced from one or more input materials through one or more chemical processes of the chemical manufacturing network, the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes being associated with an environmental attribute; - a manufacturing and operation device, providing a distributed identifier associated with the manufactured plastic additive and one or more environmental attributes of the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes; Linking the decentralized identifier with environmental attributes; - Providing manufactured plastic additives associated with a plastic additives passport or digital asset; A manufacturing and operations device configured to generate a plastic additive passport or digital asset by Includes.

[0004] In another aspect, disclosed is a system for producing a plastic additive passport or a plastic additive associated with a digital asset, the system comprising: - a chemical manufacturing network configured to produce a plastic additive, the plastic additive being produced from one or more input materials through one or more chemical processes of the chemical manufacturing network, the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes being associated with an environmental attribute; - a manufacturing operations device configured to generate a plastic additive passport or digital asset by providing and / or linking a decentralized identifier associated with a manufactured plastic additive and environmental attributes associated with one or more input materials and / or one or more chemical processes. Includes.

[0005] In one aspect, disclosed is a system for producing a plastic additive passport or a plastic additive associated with a digital asset, the system comprising: - a chemical manufacturing network configured to produce a plastic additive, the plastic additive being produced from one or more input materials through one or more chemical processes of the chemical manufacturing network, the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes being associated with an environmental attribute; - a manufacturing and operation device, providing a distributed identifier associated with the manufactured plastic additive and one or more environmental attributes of the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes; Linking decentralized identifiers with environmental attributes a manufacturing operations device configured to generate a plastic additive passport or digital asset by - Optionally, a chemical manufacturing network or system configured to provide manufactured plastic additives in association with a plastic additive passport or digital asset. Includes.

[0006] In another aspect, disclosed is a system for producing a plastic additive passport or a plastic additive associated with a digital asset, the system comprising: - a chemical manufacturing network configured to produce a plastic additive from one or more input materials through a chemical process, wherein the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes are associated with an environmental attribute; - a manufacturing operations device configured to generate a plastic additive passport or digital asset by providing and / or linking a decentralized identifier associated with the plastic additive and one or more environmental attributes associated with one or more input materials and / or chemical processes. Includes.

[0007] In another aspect, disclosed is a method of producing a plastic additive passport or a plastic additive associated with a digital asset, the method comprising: - producing a plastic additive from one or more input materials through one or more chemical processes of a chemical production network, wherein the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes are associated with an environmental attribute; - Plastic Additives Passport or digital assets, providing a distributed identifier associated with the manufactured plastic additive and one or more environmental attributes associated with one or more input materials and / or one or more chemical processes; Linking a decentralized identifier with one or more environmental attributes generating said - Providing manufactured plastic additives associated with a plastic additives passport or digital asset; Includes.

[0008] In another aspect, disclosed is a method of producing a plastic additive passport or a plastic additive associated with a digital asset, the method comprising: - producing a plastic additive from one or more input materials through one or more chemical processes of a chemical production network, wherein the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes are associated with an environmental attribute; - generating a plastic additive passport or digital asset by providing and / or linking a decentralized identifier associated with a plastic additive and one or more environmental attributes of one or more input materials and / or chemical processes; Includes.

[0009] In another aspect, disclosed is an apparatus for generating a passport or digital asset associated with a plastic additive, the plastic additive being produced from one or more input materials through one or more chemical processes in a chemical manufacturing network, the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes being associated with environmental attributes, the apparatus comprising: - a distributed identity provider configured to provide a distributed identifier associated with a manufactured plastic additive and one or more environmental attributes of one or more input materials and / or one or more chemical processes used to manufacture the plastic additive; - an assigner configured to link a decentralized identifier with an environmental attribute; a passport provider configured to provide a plastic additive passport or digital asset in association with a manufactured plastic additive, for example to a distributed network, whereby environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive are made accessible to users of the plastic additive through the plastic additive passport or digital asset; Includes.

[0010] In another aspect, disclosed is a method, e.g., a computer-implemented method, for generating a plastic additive passport or digital asset associated with a plastic additive, the plastic additive being produced from one or more input materials through one or more chemical processes in a chemical manufacturing network, the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes being associated with environmental attributes, the method comprising: - providing a distributed identifier associated with a manufactured plastic additive and one or more environmental attributes of one or more input materials and / or one or more chemical processes used to manufacture the plastic additive; - linking a decentralized identifier with environmental attributes; - Providing a plastic additive passport or digital asset, for example in a decentralized network, in association with the manufactured plastic additive, whereby the environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive are made accessible to users of the plastic additive through the plastic additive passport or digital asset. Includes.

[0011] In another aspect, disclosed is a computing element, such as a computer readable storage medium, a computer program or a computer program product, comprising instructions that, when executed by a computing node or a computing system, instruct the computing node or the computing system to perform steps of a computer-implemented method disclosed herein.

[0012] In another aspect, disclosed is a computing element, such as a computer readable storage medium, a computer program, or a computer program product, that comprises instructions that, when executed by an apparatus disclosed herein, direct the apparatus to perform the steps that the apparatus disclosed herein is configured to perform.

[0013] In another aspect, disclosed is a plastic additive passport or a plastic additive associated with a digital asset produced by the methods disclosed herein. In another aspect, disclosed is a plastic additive passport or a plastic additive associated with a digital asset produced according to the systems disclosed herein.

[0014] In another aspect, disclosed is a plastic additive associated with a plastic additive passport or digital asset, the plastic additive being manufactured from one or more input materials through one or more chemical processes in a chemical manufacturing network, the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes being associated with environmental attributes, and the plastic additive passport or digital asset includes a decentralized identifier associated with the manufactured plastic additive and a link to the environmental attributes associated with the one or more environmental attributes of the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes used to manufacture the plastic additive.

[0015] In another aspect, disclosed is a plastic additive passport or digital asset generated according to the methods disclosed herein.In another aspect, disclosed is a plastic additive passport or digital asset generated according to the apparatus disclosed herein.

[0016] In another aspect, disclosed is a manufacturing system for producing a product from a plastic additive associated with a plastic additive passport or digital asset provided in accordance with the systems, devices, or methods disclosed herein.In another aspect, disclosed is a manufacturing method for producing a product from a plastic additive associated with a plastic additive passport or digital asset provided in accordance with the systems, devices, or methods disclosed herein.

[0017] In another aspect, disclosed is the use of a plastic additive associated with a plastic additive passport or digital asset disclosed herein to manufacture a product from the plastic additive associated with the plastic additive passport or digital asset.

[0018] In another aspect, disclosed is a use of a plastic additive passport or digital asset as disclosed herein to generate a product passport or digital asset associated with a product made from a plastic additive associated with the plastic additive passport or digital asset. In another aspect, disclosed is a method of using a digital asset generated according to the methods disclosed herein in the manufacture of a product made from a plastic additive associated with the plastic additive passport or digital asset.

[0019] In another aspect, disclosed is a plastic additive associated with a digital asset that includes a decentralized identifier associated with the plastic additive and linked to one or more environmental attributes of one or more input materials and / or one or more chemical processes used to produce the plastic additive.

[0020] In another aspect, disclosed is a use of a plastic additive associated with a plastic additive passport or digital asset to produce a product from the plastic additive and to associate the plastic additive passport or digital asset with a product produced from the plastic additive. In another aspect, disclosed is a use of a plastic additive associated with a plastic additive passport or digital asset to produce a product from the plastic additive and to derive a product passport or digital asset from the plastic additive passport or digital asset. In another aspect, disclosed is a method of using a plastic additive associated with a digital asset to produce a product from a plastic additive as disclosed herein and to derive a digital asset associated with the product from the plastic additive passport or digital asset.

[0021] Any disclosures and embodiments described herein relate to the methods, systems, chemical products, plastic additives, plastic additive passports, digital assets and computer elements outlined above and below. Advantageously, benefits provided by any of the embodiments and examples apply to all other embodiments and examples as well.

[0022] Embodiment In the following description, a summary of several embodiments of the present disclosure is provided through embodiments and / or examples. It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments and / or examples.

[0023] Determining and generating include initiating or causing the determination or generation. Providing includes "initiating or causing access, determination, generation, transmission or reception." "Initiating or causing an action" includes any process signal that triggers a computing node to perform the respective action.

[0024] The methods, systems, plastic additives, plastic additive passports, digital assets and computer elements disclosed herein provide an efficient, secure and robust way to share or exchange environmental impact data across different participant nodes in the value chain. In particular, by providing plastic additive specific data via a plastic additive passport or digital asset, the environmental impact can be shared and made transparent from the material to the product manufactured from such material. The plastic additive passport or digital asset allows for secure data exchange since the plastic additive provider can control the data access. The exchange of data assets is specific to the plastic additive manufactured and can be specific to the needs of the plastic additive user, e.g. the entity providing the plastic additive. The exchange of data assets is specific to the plastic additive as manufactured and can be tailored to the needs of the consumer of the plastic additive. In this way, improved tracking and tracing of the plastic additive can be achieved by securely providing environmental impact data in a diverse and highly complex value chain. The environmental impact of the plastic additive can thus be tracked, leading to easier, more efficient and sustainable handling of the plastic additive by the value chain participants.

[0025] Plastic additives associated with a passport or digital asset may be selected from antioxidants, UV absorbers, sterically hindered amines, light stabilizers, metal deactivators, phosphites, phosphonates, hydroxylamines and amine N-oxides, nitrones, thiosynergists, acid scavengers, nucleating agents, fillers and reinforcing agents, benzofuranones and indolinones, flame retardants, rheology modifiers, and combinations thereof.

[0026] Preferred plastic additives are selected from phenolic antioxidants, ultraviolet light absorbers, hindered amine light stabilizers, phosphites, flame retardants, and combinations thereof.

[0027] These further additives may, for example, be selected from the following list:

[0028] 1. Antioxidants 1.1. Alkylated monophenols, such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-n-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol, 2,6-dicyclopentyl-4-methylphenol, 2-(α-methylcyclohexyl)-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-dioctadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6-tri ... di-tert-butyl-4-methoxymethyl-phenol, nonylphenols in which the side chain is linear or branched, such as 2,6-dinonyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-(1'-methylundec-1'-yl)phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-(1'-methylheptadec-1'-yl)phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-(1'-methyltridec-1'-yl)phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-6-(1'-methyl-1'-tetradecyl-methyl)phenol and mixtures thereof.

[0029] 1.2. Alkylthiomethylphenols, such as 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-tert-butylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-methylphenol, 2,4-dioctylthiomethyl-6-ethylphenol, 2,6-didodecyl-thiomethyl-4-nonyl-phenol.

[0030] 1.3. Hydroquinone and alkylated hydroquinones, such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-amylhydroquinone, 2,6-diphenyl-4-octadecyl-oxyphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylhydroquinone, 2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl stearate, bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) adipate.

[0031] 1.4. Tocopherols, such as α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol and mixtures thereof (vitamin E), vitamin E acetate. Particularly preferred is the addition of 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]-chroman-6-ol, which is a commercially available vitamin E (eg Irganox E 201™).

[0032] 1.5. Hydroxylated thiodiphenyl ethers, such as 2,2'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis(4-octylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(3,6-di-sec-amylphenol), 4,4'-bis(2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) disulfide.

[0033] 1.6. Alkylidene bisphenols, such as 2,2'-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis[4-methyl-6-(α-methylcyclohexyl)phenol], 2,2'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(6-nonyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis(4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis( 4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2'-ethylidenebis(6-tert-butyl-4-isobutylphenol), 2,2'-methylenebis[6-(α-methylbenzyl)-4-nonylphenol], 2,2'-methylenebis[6-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)-4-nonylphenol], 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-methylenebis-(6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol), 1,1-bis(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl) )butane, 2,6-bis(3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methylphenol, 1,1,3-tris(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)butane, 1,1-bis(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-3-n-dodecylmercaptobutane, ethylene glycol bis[3,3-bis(3'-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxyphenyl)butyrate], bis(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)dicyclopentadiene terephthalate, bis[2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylbenzyl)-6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl]terephthalate, 1,1-bis-(3,5-dimethyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)butane, 2,2-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propane, 2,2-bis-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-4-n-dodecylmercaptobutane, 1,1,5,5-tetra(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)pentane.

[0034] 1.7. O-, N- and S-benzyl compounds, such as 3,5,3',5'-tetra-tert-butyl-4,4'-dihydroxydibenzyl ether, octadecyl-4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylbenzyl mercaptoacetic acid, tridecyl-4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl mercaptoacetic acid, tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-benzyl)amine, bis(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)dithioterephthalic acid, bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)sulfide, isooctyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl mercaptoacetic acid.

[0035] 1.8. Hydroxybenzylated malonic acids, such as dioctadecyl-2,2-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)malonic acid, dioctadecyl-2-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl)malonic acid, didodecylmercaptoethyl-2,2-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)malonic acid, bis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl]-2,2-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)malonic acid.

[0036] 1.9. Aromatic hydroxybenzyl compounds, such as 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-benzyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzene, 1,4-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,3,5,6-tetra-methylbenzene, 2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)phenol.

[0037] 1.10. Triazine compounds, such as 2,4-bis(octylmercapto)-6-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-anilino)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-anilino)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-octylmercapto-4,6-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-1,2,3-triazine, 1,3 ,5-Tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-benzyl)isocyanurate, 1,3,5-tris(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)isocyanurate, 2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, 1,3,5-tris(3,5-dicyclohexyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate.

[0038] 1.11. Benzylphosphonic acids, such as dimethyl-2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonic acid, diethyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonic acid, dioctadecyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonic acid, dioctadecyl-5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylbenzylphosphonic acid, calcium salts of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylphosphonic acid, (3,5-ditertbutyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylphosphonic acid.

[0039] 1.12. Acylaminophenols, such as 4-hydroxylauranilide, 4-hydroxystearanilide, N-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)octyl carbamate.

[0040] 1.13. Mixtures of β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid with, for example, methanol, ethanol, n-octanol, i-octanol, linear and branched C7-C9 alkanols, octadecanol, linear and branched C 13 ~C 15 Mixtures of alkanols, esters with mono- or polyhydric alcohols such as 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, pentaerythritol; tris-(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N'-bis-(hydroxy-ethyl)oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane. Preferred are esters of β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, in particular with octadecanol, such as the adduct of octadecyl-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, which is commercially available (e.g. Irganox 1076™).

[0041] 1.14. Esters of β-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)propionic acid with monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, such as, for example, methanol, ethanol, n-octanol, i-octanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, etc.; tris(hydroxyethyl) (III) isocyanurate, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane; 3,9-bis[2-{3-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propionyloxy}-1,1-dimethylethyl]-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane.

[0042] 1.15. Esters of β-(3,5-dicyclohexyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols, such as, for example, methanol, ethanol, octanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexane-diol, 1,9-nonane-diol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol; tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane.

[0043] 1.16. Esters of 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols, such as, for example, methanol, ethanol, octanol, octadecanol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,9-nonanediol, ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, thiodiethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, etc.; tris(hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, N,N'-bis(hydroxyethyl)oxamide, 3-thiaundecanol, 3-thiapentadecanol, trimethylhexanediol, trimethylolpropane, 4-hydroxymethyl-1-phospha-2,6,7-trioxabicyclo[2.2.2]octane.

[0044] 1.17. Amides of β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, such as N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)hexamethylenediamide, N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)trimethylenediamide, N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl-propionyl)hydrazide, N,N'-bis[2-(3-[3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl]-propionyloxy)ethyl]oxamide (Naugard XL-1®, supplied by SI Group).

[0045] 1.18. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C).

[0046] 1.19. Amine antioxidants, such as N,N'-diisopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1,4-dimethylpentyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1-ethyl-3-methylpentyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-bis(1-methylheptyl)-p-phenylene-diamine, N,N'-dicyclohexyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine, Diamine, N,N'-bis(2-naphthyl)-p-phenylenediamine, N-isopropyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-(1-methylheptyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N-cyclohexyl-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, 4-(p-toluenesulfamoyl)diphenylamine, N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-di-sec-butyl-p -phenylenediamine, diphenylamine, N-allyldiphenylamine, 4-isopropoxydiphenylamine, N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, N-(4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-naphthylamine, N-phenyl-2-naphthylamine, octylated diphenylamines such as p,p'-di-tert-octyldiphenylamine, 4-n-butylaminophenol, 4-butyrylaminophenol, 4-nonanoylaminophenol, 4-dodecanoylaminophenol, 4-Octadecanoylaminophenol, Bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amine, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-dimethylaminomethylphenol, 2,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 1,2-bis[(2-methylphenyl)amino]ethane, 1,2-bis(phenylamino)propane, (o-tolyl)biguanide, bis[4-(1',3'-Dimethylbutyl)phenyl]amine, tert-octylated N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine, diaminodiphenylmethane, mixtures of mono- and di-alkylated tert-butyl / tert-octyldiphenylamines, mixtures of mono- and di-alkylated nonyldiphenylamines, mixtures of mono- and di-alkylated dodecyldiphenylamines, mixtures of mono- and di-alkylated isopropyl / isohexyldiphenylamines, mono- and di-alkylated tert-butyl-diphenyl Mixtures of amines, 2,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-4H-1,4-benzothiazine, phenothiazine, mixtures of mono- and dialkylated tert-butyl / tert-octylphenothiazines or mixtures of mono- and dialkylated tert-octylphenothiazines, N-allylphenothiazine, N,N,N',N'-tetraphenyl-1,4-diamino-but-2-ene, N-[(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl]-1-napthalenamine] (commercially available as Irganox L06™), 4,4'-bis(phenylisopropyl)diphenylamine (commercially available as Naugard 445), bis(4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl)amine (commercially available as Irganox 5057).

[0047] Alternatively or additionally, mixtures of commercially available additives can be used, among which particularly preferred is Irganox 5057 (trademark), obtained by reaction of diphenylamine with diisobutylene, which comprises: (A) 5057 Diphenylamine; (B) 5057 4-tert-Butyldiphenylamine; (C) 5057 Compounds of the group i) 4-tert-octyldiphenylamine, ii) 4,4'-di-tert-butyldiphenylamine, iii) 2,4,4'-tris-tert-butyldiphenylamine, (D) 5057 Compounds of the group i) 4-tert-butyl-4'-tert-octyldiphenylamine, ii) o,o', m,m' or p,p'-di-tert-octyldiphenylamine, iii) 2,4-di-tert-butyl-4'-tert-octyldiphenylamine, (E) 5057 Compounds of the group i) 4,4'-di-tert-octyldiphenylamine, ii) 2,4-di-tert-octyl-4'-tert-butyldiphenylamine, Here, 5% by weight or less of component (A) 5057 , 8 to 15% by weight of component (B) 5057 , 24 to 32% by weight of component (C) 5057 , 23 to 34% by weight of component (D) 5057 and 21 to 34% by weight of component (E). 5057 This is commercially available.

[0048] 2.UV absorbers and light stabilizers 2.1. 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazoles, such as 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3',5'-di-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(5'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-5'-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3',5'-di-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-( 3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(3'-sec-butyl-5'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(2'-hydroxy-4'-octyloxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3',5'-di-tert-amyl-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3',5'-bis(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxphenyl)benzotriazole 2-(3'-tert-butyl-5'-[2-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-carbonylethyl]-2'-hydroxyphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)phenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)phenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3' -tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(2-octyloxycarbonylethyl)phenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-5'-[2-(2-ethylhexyloxy)carbonylethyl]-2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3'-dodecyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2-(3'-tert-butyl-2'-hydroxy-5'-(2-isooctyloxycarbonylethyl)phenylbenzotriazole, 2,2'-methylenebis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-6-benzotriazol-2-ylphenol]; transesterification product of 2-[3'-tert-butyl-5'-(2-methoxycarbonylethyl)-2'-hydroxyphenyl]-2H-benzotriazole with polyethylene glycol 300; [R'-CH2-CH2-CO-O-CH2-CH2-]2, where R'=3'-tert-butyl-4'-hydroxy-5'-2H-benzotriazol-2-ylphenyl, 2-[2'-hydroxy-3'-(α,α-dimethyl-benzyl)-5'-(1,1,3,3-tetra-methylbutyl)phenyl]benzotriazole; 2-[2'-hydroxy-3'-(1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-butyl)-5'-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)phenyl]benzotriazole.

[0049] 2.2.2-Hydroxybenzophenones, such as the 4-hydroxy, 4-methoxy, 4-octyloxy, 4-decyloxy, 4-dodecyloxy, 4-benzyloxy, 4,2',4'-trihydroxy and 2'-hydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxy derivatives.

[0050] 2.3. Esters of substituted and unsubstituted benzoic acids, such as, for example, 4-tert-butyl-phenyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, octylphenyl salicylate, dibenzoylresorcinol, bis(4-tert-butylbenzoyl)resorcinol, benzoylresorcinol, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, hexadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, octadecyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, 2-methyl-4,6-di-tert-butylphenyl 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoate.

[0051] 2.4. Acrylates, such as ethyl α-cyano-β,β-diphenylacrylate, isooctyl α-cyano-β,β-diphenylacrylate, methyl α-carbomethoxycinnamate, methyl α-cyano-β-methyl-p-methoxycinnamate, butyl α-cyano-β-methyl-p-methoxycinnamate, methyl α-carbomethoxy-p-methoxycinnamate, N-(β-carbomethoxy-β-cyanovinyl) (2E,2'E)-2-methylindoline and neopentyltetra(α-cyano-β,β-diphenylacrylate) or sterically hindered acrylates as disclosed in EP-A-3587425, for example (2E,2'E)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane-3,9-diylbis(2-methylpropane-2,1-diyl)bis(2-cyano-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate) [CAS Reg. 2233585-18-5] or similar derivatives, in which one of the two OCH3 groups (methoxy) of each of the (2-cyano-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylate) moieties is replaced by a respective OC6H13 group, resulting in the bis(2-cyano-3-(3-methoxy-4-hexyloxyphenyl)acrylate) derivative.

[0052] 2.5. Nickel compounds, for example nickel complexes of 2,2'-thiobis[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol], such as the 1:1 or 1:2 complexes, with or without additional ligands, such as n-butylamine, triethanolamine or N-cyclohexyldiethanolamine; nickel dibutyldithiocarbamate; nickel salts of monoalkyl esters, such as the methyl or ethyl ester of 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl-phosphonic acid; nickel complexes of ketoximes, such as 2-hydroxy-4-methylphenyl-undecyl-ketoxime; nickel complexes of 1-phenyl-4-lauroyl-5-hydroxypyrazole, with or without additional ligands.

[0053] 2.6. Sterically hindered amines, such as bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacic acid, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)succinic acid, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacic acid, n-butyl-3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylmalonate bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl), condensation products of 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-hydroxypiperidine with succinic acid, N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)sebacic acid, Linear or cyclic condensation products of methyl-4-piperidyl)hexamethylenediamine with 4-tert-octylamino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)nitrilotriacetic acid, tetrakis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid, 1,1'-(1,2-ethanediyl)-bis(3,3,5,5-tetra-methylpiperazinone), 4-benzoyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 4-stearyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, Methylpiperidine, bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl)-2-n-butyl-2-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylbenzyl)malonic acid, 3-n-octyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]-decane-2,4-dione, bis(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperid-4-yl)sebacic acid, bis(1-octyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperid-4-yl)succinic acid, bis[2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-(undecyloxy) piperidin-4-yl] carbonate, linear or cyclic condensation products of N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)hexamethylenediamine with 4-morpholino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, condensation products of 2-chloro-4,6-bis(4-n-butylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl)-1,3,5-triazine with 1,2-bis(3-amino-propyl-amino)ethane, condensation products of 2-chloro-4,6-di-(4-n-butylamino-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidyl)-1,3,5-triazine with 1,Condensation product with 2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane 8-acetyl-3-dodecyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]-decane-2,4-dione, 3-dodecyl-1-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione, 3-dodecyl-1-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione, mixture of 4-hexadecyloxy- and 4-stearyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine), Condensation products of methyl-4-piperidyl)hexamethylenediamine and 4-cyclohexylamino-2,6-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine, 1,2-bis(3-aminopropylamino)ethane and 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine and 4-butylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (CAS registration number [136504-96-6]); 1,6-hexanediamine and 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine, and N,N-dibutylamine and 4-butylamino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (CAS) condensation product (CAS registration number [19226864-7]); N6,N6'-hexane-1,6-diylbis[N2,N4-dibutyl-N2,N4,N6-tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine] reaction product with butanal and hydrogen peroxide; N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)-n-dodecylsuccinimide, N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl)-n-dodecylsuccinimide, 2-undecyl-7,7,9,9-tetramethyl tetramethyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxo-spiro[4,5]decane, 7,7,9,9-tetramethyl-2-cycloundecyl-1-oxa-3,8-diaza-4-oxospiro[4,5]decane and epichlorohydrin, 1,1-bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl-oxycarbonyl)-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethene, N,N'-bis-formyl-N,N'-bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)hexamethylenediamine, 4-methoxymethylenemalonic acid and 1,2,2,Diesters with 6,6-pentamethyl-4-hydroxy-piperidine, poly[methylpropyl-3-oxy-4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl)]-siloxane, reaction products of maleic anhydride-α-olefin copolymers with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-aminopiperidine or 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-aminopiperidine, N,N'-bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-propoxy-piperidin-4-yl)hexane-1,6-diamine and 2-chloro-4,6-bis-(di-n-butyl) a mixture of oligomeric compounds which are the formal condensation products of 2,4-dichloro-6-{n-butyl-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-propoxy-piperidin-4-yl)amino}-[1,3,5]triazine end-capped with N,N'-bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-yl)hexane-1,6-diamine and 2-chloro-4,6-bis-(di-n-butylamino)-[1,3,5]triazine end-capped with N,N'-bis-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-yl)hexane-1,6-diamine; A mixture of oligomeric compounds which are formal condensation products with 2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-yl)amino}-[1,3,5]triazine, (N2,N4-dibutyl-N2,N4-bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl)-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-[1,3,5]-triazine-2,4-diamine, 2,4-bis[N-(1-cyclohexyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)-N-butylamino]-6-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino-1,3,5-triazine, 1-( 2-Hydroxy-2-methylpropoxy)-4-octadecanoyloxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, 5-(2-ethylhexanoyl)oxymethyl-3,3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone, Sanduvor (Clariant; CAS Registry Number [106917-31-1]), 5-(2-ethylhexanoyl)oxymethyl-3,3,5-trimethyl-2-morpholinone, 2,4-bis-[(1-cyclohexyloxy-2,2,6,6-piperidin-4-ylbutylamino]-6-chloro-s-triazine and N,N'-bis-(3-amino-propyl)ethylenediamine), 1,3,5-tris(N-cyclohexyl-N-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperazin-3-one-4-yl)amino)-s-triazine, 1,3,5-tris(N-cyclohexyl-N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperazin-3-one-4-yl)amino)-s-triazine.

[0054] 2.7. Oxamides, such as 4,4'-dioctyloxyoxanilide, 2,2'-diethoxyoxanilide, 2,2'-dioctyloxy-5,5'-di-tert-butoxanilide, 2,2'-didodecyloxy-5,5'-di-tert-butoxanilide, 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyloxanilide, N,N'-bis(3-dimethylaminopropyl)oxamide, 2-ethoxy-5-tert-butyl-2'-ethoxanilide and its mixture with 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyl-5,4'-di-tert-butoxanilide, mixtures of o- and p-methoxy disubstituted oxanilides and mixtures of o- and p-ethoxy disubstituted oxanilides.

[0055] 2.8. 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazines, such as 2,4,6-tris(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4-bis(2-hydroxy-4-propyloxyphenyl)-6-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine , 2-(2-hydroxy-4-octyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(4-methylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-dodecyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-tridecyloxyphenyl)-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-3-butyloxypropoxy)phenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2 -[2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-3-octyloxypropyloxy)phenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-[4-(dodecyloxy / tridecyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)-2-hydroxyphenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-[2-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxy-3-dodecyloxypropoxy)phenyl]-4,6-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxy-4-hexyl 2-(2-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine, 2,4,6-tris[2-hydroxy-4-(3-butoxy-2-hydroxypropoxy)phenyl]-1,3,5-triazine, 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine, 2-{2-hydroxy-4-[3-(2-ethylhexyl-1-oxy)-2-hydroxypropyloxy]phenyl}-4,6-bis(2,4-Dimethylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine.

[0056] 3. Metal deactivators, such as N,N'-diphenyloxamide, N-salicylal-N'-salicyloylhydrazine, N,N'-bis(salicyloyl)hydrazine, N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl-propionyl)hydrazine, 3-salicyloylamino-1,2,4-triazole, bis(benzylidene)oxalyl dihydrazide, oxanilide, isophthaloyl dihydrazide, sebacoyl bisphenylhydrazide, N,N'-diacetyladipoyl dihydrazide, N,N'-bis-(salicyloyl)oxalyl dihydrazide, N,N'-bis(salicyloyl)thiopropionyl dihydrazide.

[0057] 4. Phosphites and phosphonates such as trisalkyl (C12-C15) phosphite, triisodecyl phosphite, triisotridecyl phosphite, dioleylhydrogen phosphite, triisooctyl phosphite, heptakis (dipropylene glycol) triphosphite, trilauryl trithio phosphite, tris (dipropylene glycol) phosphite, dimethyl hydrogen phosphite, dibutyl hydrogen phosphite, dilauryl hydrogen phosphite, tri-C12-C14-phosphite, or bis (2-ethylhexyl) hydrogen phosphite. Other phosphites and phosphonates are liquids such as di-n-octyl hydrogen phosphite or di-iso-octyl hydrogen phosphite or liquids such as triphenyl phosphite, tris(nonylphenyl) phosphite, phenyl diisodecyl phosphite, diphenyl isodecyl phosphite, [triphenyl phosphite, polymer of 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and polypropylene glycol, C10-16 alkyl ester (CAS Registry Number 1821217-71-3)].Further optional phosphite or phosphonate additives are alkyl (C12-C15) bisphenol A phosphite, alkyl (C10) bisphenol A phosphite, poly(dipropylene glycol) phenyl phosphite, tris(tridecyl) phosphite, diphenyl phosphite, dodecyl nonyl phenol phosphite blend, phenyl neopentylene glycol phosphite, poly 4,4' isopropylidenediphenol-C10 alcohol phosphite, poly 4,4'isopropylidenediphenol-C12-15 alcohol phosphite, diphenyl alkyl phosphite, phenyl dialkyl phosphite, C12-C18 alkyl bis[4-(1-methyl-1-phenyl-ethyl)phenyl]phosphite, C12-C18 alkenyl bis[4-(1-methyl-1-phenyl-ethyl)phenyl]phosphite, bis[4-(1-methyl-1-phenyl-ethyl)phenyl][(E)-octadecyl-9-enyl]phosphite, decyl bis[4-(1-methyl-1-phenyl-ethyl)phenyl]phosphite, didecyl[4-(1-methyl-1-phenyl-ethyl)phenyl]phosphite, [4-(1-methyl-1-phenyl-ethyl)phenyl]bis[(E)-octadecyl decyl-9-enyl] phosphite, trilauryl phosphite, trioctadecyl phosphite, distearyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite, diisodecyl pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-cumylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, diisodecyloxy pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite, bis(2,4,6-tris(tert-butylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, [2-tert-butyl-4-[1-[5-tert-butyl-4-di(tridecoxy)phosphanyloxy-2-methyl-phenyl]butyl]-5-methyl-phenyl]ditridecyl phosphite, tristearyl sorbitol triphosphite, mixtures of at least two different tris(mono-C1-C8-alkyl)phenyl phosphites, such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,468,410 B2 as the products of Examples 1 and 2, mixtures 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 and 26, as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 8,008,383 B2, mixtures of phosphites consisting of at least two different tris(amylphenyl)phosphites, tris[4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenyl]phosphite, [2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenyl]bis[4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenyl]phosphite, bis[2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenyl][4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenyl]phosphite and tris[2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenyl]phosphites, mixtures 39 and 40 of phosphites consisting of at least two different tris(butylphenyl)phosphites as described, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 8,008,383 B2 as mixtures 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, oxyalkylene-bridged bis-(di-C6-aryl)diphosphites or (i) oligomeric phosphites obtained by condensation of trichlorophosphane with removal of hydrogen chloride, (ii) dihydroxyalkanes interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, and (i ii) oligomeric phosphites obtained by condensation, under elimination of hydrogen chloride, of monohydroxy-C6-arenes, such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,304,477 B2, with the products of Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 and 17, of (i) triphenyl phosphite with (ii) dihydroxyalkanes, optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms and / or bis(hydroxyalkyl)(alkyl)amines, and (iii) dihydroxyalkanes, optionally interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms. Polymeric phosphites obtained by transesterification with monohydroxyalkanes, with the elimination of phenol, such as those described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,563,637 B2 as the product of Example 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, tetrakis(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)4,4'-biphenylene diphosphonite, 6-isooctyloxy-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-12H-dibenz[d,g]-1,3.2-dioxaphosphocin, bis(2,4-di -tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)methyl phosphite, bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methylphenyl)ethyl phosphite, 6-fluoro-2,4,8,10-tetra-tert-butyl-12-methyl-dibenz[d,g]-1,3,2-dioxaphosphocin, 1,3,7,9-tetra-tert-butyl-11-octoxy-5H-benzo[d][1,3,2]benzodioxaphosphocin, 2,2',2''-nitrilo[triethyltris(3,3',5,5'-tetra-tert-butyl-1,1'-biphenyl-2,2'-diyl)phosphite], phosphoric acid, triphenyl ester, polymer with α-hydro-ω-hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)], C10-16-alkyl ester (CAS Reg. No. [1227937-46-3]), 2-ethylhexyl (3,3',5,5'-tetra-tert-butyl-1,1'-biphenyl-2,2'-diyl)phosphite, 5-butyl-5-ethyl-2-(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenoxy)-1,3,2-dioxaphosphirane, phosphorous acid, mixed 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenyl and 4-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)phenyl triesters (CAS Reg. No. [939402-02-5]).

[0058] The following phosphites are particularly preferred: tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite (Irgafos® 168, Ciba Specialty Chemicals Inc.), tris(nonylphenyl)phosphite, [ka]

[0059] 5. Hydroxylamines and amine N-oxides, such as N,N-dibenzylhydroxylamine, N,N-di-ethylhydroxylamine, N,N-dioctylhydroxylamine, N,N-dilaurylhydroxylamine, N,N-ditetradecylhydroxylamine, N,N-dihexadecylhydroxylamine, N,N-dioctadecylhydroxylamine, N-hexadecyl-N-octadecylhydroxylamine, N-heptadecyl-N-octadecylhydroxylamine, N,N-dialkylhydroxylamines derived from hydrogenated tallow amine, N,N-bis-(hydrogenated rapeseed oil alkyl)-N-methylamine N-oxide or trialkylamine N-oxides.

[0060] 6. Nitrones, such as N-benzyl-α-phenyl nitrone, N-ethyl-α-methyl nitrone, N-octyl-α-heptyl nitrone, N-lauryl-α-undecyl nitrone, N-tetradecyl-α-tridecyl nitrone, N-hexadecyl-α-pentadecyl nitrone, N-octadecyl-α-heptadecyl nitrone, N-hexadecyl-α-heptadecyl nitrone, N-octadecyl-α-pentadecyl nitrone, N-heptadecyl-α-heptadecyl nitrone, N-octadecyl-α-hexadecyl nitrone, nitrones derived from N,N-dialkylhydroxylamines derived from hydrogenated tallow amine.

[0061] 7. Thiosynergists, such as dilauryl thiodipropionate, dimistryl thiodipropionate, distearyl thiodipropionate and pentaerythritol tetrakis-[3-(n-lauryl)propionate].

[0062] 8. Peroxide scavengers, such as esters of α-thiodipropionic acid; such as the lauryl, stearyl, myristyl or tridecyl ester, mercaptobenzimidazole; or zinc salts of 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate, dioctadecyl disulfide, pentaerythritol tetrakis(β-dodecylmercapto)propionate.

[0063] 9. Acid scavengers, such as melamine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dicyandiamide, triallyl cyanurate, urea derivatives, hydrazine derivatives, hydrotalcite, alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, such as calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate and zinc pyrocatecholate.

[0064] 10. Polyamide stabilizers, such as copper salts in combination with iodides and / or phosphorus compounds and salts of divalent manganese.

[0065] 11. Basic co-stabilizers, such as melamine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, dicyandiamide, triallyl cyanurate, urea derivatives, hydrazine derivatives, amines, polyamides, polyurethanes, alkali metal salts and alkaline earth metal salts of higher fatty acids, such as calcium stearate, zinc stearate, magnesium behenate, magnesium stearate, sodium ricinoleate and potassium palmitate, antimony pyrocatecholate or zinc pyrocatecholate.

[0066] 12. Nucleating agents, such as inorganic substances, for example talcum, metal oxides, for example titanium dioxide or magnesium oxide, preferably alkaline earth metal phosphates, carbonates or sulfates, organic compounds, for example mono- or polycarboxylic acids and their salts, for example 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid, adipic acid, diphenylacetic acid, sodium succinate or sodium benzoate, polymeric compounds, for example ionic copolymers (ionomers). Particularly preferred are 1,3:2,4-bis(3',4'-dimethylbenzylidene)sorbitol, 1,3:2,4-di(paramethyldibenzylidene)sorbitol and 1,3:2,4-di(benzylidene)sorbitol.

[0067] 13. Fillers and reinforcing agents, such as calcium carbonate, silicates, glass fibers, glass beads, asbestos, talc, kaolin, mica, barium sulfate, metal oxides and hydroxides, carbon black, graphite, wood flour and other natural product flours or fibers, synthetic fibers.

[0068] 14. Benzofuranones and indolinones, such as those disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,325,863A; U.S. Pat. No. 4,338,244A; U.S. Pat. No. 5,175,312A; U.S. Pat. No. 5,216,052A; U.S. Pat. No. 5,252,643A; German Patent No. 4316611A; German Patent No. 4316622A; German Patent No. 4316876A; European Patent Application Publication No. 0589839A or European Patent Application Publication No. 0591102A. or 5,7-di-tert-butyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3H-benzofuran-2-one, 5,7-di-tert-butyl-3-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl]-3H-benzofuran-2-one, 5,7-di-tert-butyl-3-[4-[2-[2-[2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]-ethoxy]-phenyl]-3H-benzofuran-2-one, 3-[4-(2-acetoxy-ethoxy)phenyl]-5,7-di-te rt-Butylbenzofuran-2-one, 5,7-di-tert-butyl-3-[4-(2-stearoyloxy-ethoxy)phenyl]benzofuran-2-one, 3,3'-bis[5,7-di-tert-butyl-3-(4-[2-hydroxyethoxy]phenyl)benzofuran-2-one], 5,7-di-tert-butyl-3-(4-ethoxyphenyl)benzofuran-2-one, 3-(4-acetoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-di-tert-butylbenzofuran-2-one, 3- (3,5-dimethyl-4-pivaloyloxyphenyl)-5,7-di-tert-butylbenzofuran-2-one, 3-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-di-tert-butylbenzofuran-2-one, 3-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)-5,7-di-tert-butylbenzofuran-2-one, 3-(2-acetoxy-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenyl)-5-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)benzofuran-2-one, [6-[6-[6-[2-[4-(5,7-di-tert-butyl-2-oxo-3H-benzofuran-3-yl)phenoxy]ethoxy]-6-oxohexoxy]-6-oxohexoxy]-6-oxohexyl]6-hydroxyhexanoate, [4-tert-butyl-2-(5-tert-butyl-2-oxo-3H-benzofuran-3-yl)phenyl]benzoic acid, [4-tert-butyl-2-(5-tert-butyl-2-oxo-3H-benzo-furan-3-yl)phenyl]3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid and [4-tert-butyl-2-(5-tert-butyl-2-oxo-3H-benzofuran-3-yl)phenyl]3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-phenyl)propanoic acid.

[0069] 15.Flame retardants 15.1. Phosphorus-containing flame retardants, such as the following reactive phosphorous-containing flame retardants: tetraphenylresorcinol diphosphite (Fyrolflex RDP, RTM, Akzo Nobel), tetrakis(hydroxy-methyl)phosphonium sulfide, triphenyl phosphate, diethyl-N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)aminomethyl phosphonate, hydroxyalkyl esters of phosphoric acid, alkyl phosphate oligomers, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), resorcinol diphosphate oligomers (RDP), phosphazene flame retardants or ethylenediamine diphosphate (EDAP).

[0070] 15.2. Nitrogen-containing flame retardants, for example melamine-based flame retardants, isocyanurates, polyisocyanurates; tris(2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanuric acid, tris(hydroxymethyl)isocyanuric acid, tris(3-hydroxy-n-propyl)isocyanuric acid; esters of isocyanuric acid, such as triglycidyl isocyanurate; melamine cyanurate, melamine borate, melamine phosphate, melamine pyrophosphate, melamine polyphosphate, melamine ammonium polyphosphate, ammonium melamine pyrophosphate, dimelamine phosphate, dimelamine pyrophosphate, benzoguanamine, allantoin, glycoluril, urea cyanurate; condensation products and / or higher condensation compounds of melamine from the melem, melam, melon series; or reaction products of melamine with phosphoric acid or mixtures thereof.

[0071] 15.3. Organic halogen flame retardants, such as polybrominated diphenyl oxides, decabromodiphenyl oxide (DBDPO), tris[3-bromo-2,2-bis(bromomethyl)propyl]phosphate (PB 370, (RTM, FMC Corp.)), tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate), chloroalkyl phosphate esters, such as tris(chloropropyl)phosphate, tris(2,3-dichloropropyl)phosphate, tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (Fyrol FR 2 (RTM ICL)), chloroalkyl phosphate oligomers, chlorendic acid, tetrachlorophthalic acid, tetrabromophthalic acid, poly-β-chloroethyl triphosphonic acid mixtures; tetrabromobisphenol A-bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether) (PE68), brominated epoxy resins, brominated aryl esters, ethylene-bis(tetrabromophthalimide) (Saytex BT-93 (RTM, Albemarle), bis(hexachlorocyclopentadieno)cyclooctane (Declorane Plus (RTM, Oxychem)), chlorinated paraffins, octabromodiphenyl ethers, hexachlorocyclopentadiene derivatives, 1,2-bis(tribromophenoxy)ethane (FF680), tetrabromobisphenol A (Saytex RB100 (RTM, Albemarle)), ethylene bis-(dibromonorbornanedicarboximide) (Saytex BN-451 (RTM, Albemarle)), bis(hexachlorocycloentadeno)cyclooctane, PTFE, tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate or ethylene-bis-tetrabromophthalimide. Some of the above halogenated flame retardants are routinely combined with inorganic oxide synergists. Some of the above halogenated flame retardants may be used in combination with triaryl phosphates (such as propylated, butylated triphenyl phosphates) and / or oligomeric aryl phosphates (such as resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate), bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate), neopentyl glycol bis(diphenyl phosphate)), and the like.

[0072] 15.4. Inorganic flame retardants, such as aluminum trihydroxide (ATH), boehmite (AlOOH), magnesium dihydroxide (MDH), zinc borate, CaCO3, organically modified layered silicates, organically modified layered double hydroxides and mixtures thereof. With regard to synergistic effects in combination with halogenated flame retardants, the most common inorganic oxide synergists are zinc oxide, antimony oxides such as Sb2O3 or Sb2O5 or boron compounds.

[0073] A chemical manufacturing network may include one or more chemical and / or mechanical processes. A chemical manufacturing network may produce one or more output materials by chemical and / or mechanical processing. A chemical manufacturing network may include multiple types of manufacturing processes that produce one or more output materials from one or more input materials. A chemical manufacturing network may produce one or more output materials from input materials provided to the chemical manufacturing network. A chemical manufacturing network may include a complex manufacturing network that produces multiple chemical products through multiple manufacturing processes. A chemical manufacturing network may include linked, interconnected and / or unlinked manufacturing processes. A chemical manufacturing network may include a complex network or a Verbund network.

[0074] A chemical manufacturing network may include identity-preserving or partitioning manufacturing processes. In this context, identity-preserving or partitioning may refer to the environmental attributes of the input materials being preserved or partitioned in the manufacturing process. An example is a non-fossil, e.g., renewable or recycled, input material used to produce one or more plastic additives that do not have fossil content. A further example is a fossil input material used to produce one or more plastic additives that have fossil content. A chemical manufacturing network may include non-identity-preserving or non-partitioning manufacturing processes. In this context, non-identity-preserving or non-partitioning may refer to a non-fossil input material being mixed with a fossil input material to produce a plastic additive. For example, fossil and renewable input materials may be mixed to produce a plastic additive with fossil and renewable content.

[0075] A chemical manufacturing network may include one or more manufacturing processes with multiple manufacturing steps. The manufacturing steps included in the chemical network may be defined by the physical system boundary of the chemical manufacturing network. The system boundary may be defined by the location and / or control of the manufacturing process or step. The system boundary may be defined by the location of the chemical manufacturing network. The system boundary may be defined by the manufacturing process or step controlled by one entity or multiple entities jointly. The system boundary may be defined by a value chain with staggered manufacturing processes or steps to a chemical end product controlled jointly or individually by multiple entities. The chemical manufacturing network may include waste recovery, sorting steps, recycling steps such as pyrolysis, cracking steps such as steam cracking, separation steps to separate intermediates of one process step and further process steps to convert such intermediates into output materials, in particular plastic additives, which exit the system boundary of the chemical manufacturing network. Input materials may be input into the physical system boundary of the chemical manufacturing network. An entry point of the chemical manufacturing network may be marked by the input of input materials into the chemical manufacturing network or into the system boundary of the chemical network. The output material, in particular the manufactured plastic additive, may be discharged from the physical system boundary of the chemical production network. The exit point of the chemical production network may be marked by the discharge of the output material, in particular the manufactured plastic additive, from the chemical production network or the system boundary of the chemical production network.

[0076] The chemical production network may include one or more production chains for the production of plastic additives. The production chains for the production of plastic additives may be interconnected. The production chains for the production of plastic additives may be interconnected with production chains for the production of other output materials. The production chains for the production of plastic additives may include production chains for the production of intermediates used to produce the plastic additives. The production chains for the production of plastic additives may use input materials provided by the chemical network for the production of intermediates usable to produce the plastic additives.

[0077] One or more input materials may be provided to the chemical manufacturing network to produce one or more output materials, in particular plastic additives. The output materials, in particular plastic additives, may be produced from one or more input materials through one or more chemical processes of the chemical manufacturing network. The input materials may include any input materials entering the chemical manufacturing network at any entry point. The input materials may include natural, organic or inorganic input materials and / or output materials, in particular plastic additives. The input materials may be precursor products, intermediate materials, feedstocks or raw materials used to produce one or more output materials, in particular plastic additives. The input materials may be provided to the chemical manufacturing network to produce one or more output materials, in particular plastic additives. The input materials may be provided to the chemical manufacturing network including one or more manufacturing processes with multiple process steps. The input materials may be provided to the chemical manufacturing network at the start of the manufacturing process or at any intermediate stage of the manufacturing process. The input materials entering the chemical manufacturing network may be used to produce one or more output materials, in particular plastic additives.

[0078] An input may be associated with an input identifier. The input identifier may include any identifier uniquely associated with an input. The input identifier may be associated with a physical instance of the input. The input identifier may be associated with a single batch of the input. The input identifier may be associated with a group of the input. The identifier may be associated with multiple physical instances of the input. The input identifier may be associated with a continuous or semi-continuous stream of the input. The input identifier may be associated with a stream of the input over a particular time period or from a particular supplier, for example. The input identifier may be linked or connected to one or more environmental attributes.

[0079] Environmental attributes may refer to characteristics related to environmental impact. Such characteristics may be characteristics of input materials, chemical processes, chemical production networks, and / or plastic additives. Environmental attributes may indicate the environmental performance of input materials, chemical processes, chemical production networks, and / or plastic additives. Environmental attributes may be derived from characteristics of input materials, chemical processes, chemical production networks, and / or plastic additives. Environmental attributes may be associated with the environmental impact of input materials, chemical processes, chemical production networks, and / or plastic additives at any stage of the life cycle of the plastic additive. Stages may include providing raw materials, providing feedstock, producing chemical products such as intermediate products or final products, producing individual products by using chemical products, using chemical products or individual products, processing end-of-life products, recycling end-of-life products, disposing of end-of-life products, reusing ingredients from any subset of end-of-life products or stages. Environmental attributes may be specified or derived from any activity of one or more entities participating in any stage of the life cycle of one or more materials or products.

[0080] The environmental attributes may include one or more properties attributable to the environmental impact of the input materials, chemical process, chemical production network, and / or plastic additives. The environmental attributes may include environmental, technical, recyclability, or circularity properties associated with the environmental impact of the input materials, chemical process, chemical production network, and / or plastic additives.

[0081] The environmental attributes may include one or more characteristics attributable to the environmental impact of the input material, the chemical process, the chemical production network, and / or the plastic additive. The environmental attributes may include environmental, technological recyclability or circularity characteristics associated with the environmental impact of the input material, the chemical process, the chemical production network, and / or the plastic additive. The one or more environmental attributes may be attributable to the environmental impact of the plastic additive. The one or more environmental attributes may relate to the environmental, technological recyclability, circularity, and / or complementary risk characteristics of the plastic additive.

[0082] The environmental characteristics may specify or quantify ecological criteria associated with the environmental impact. The environmental characteristics may be values ​​measured during the life cycle or may be derived from the measurements. The environmental characteristics may be determined at any stage of the life cycle and may characterize the environmental impacts over or up to such stage. The environmental characteristics may include, for example, carbon footprint, greenhouse gas emissions, resource usage, air emissions, ozone depletion potential, water pollution, noise pollution, energy consumption, waste reduction, eutrophication potential, etc. The environmental characteristics may include, for example, product characteristics related to the manufacture of the product, such as bio-based, plant-based, animal-based, halogen-free, fluorine-free, vegan, halal, kosher, palm oil-free, natural, hazardous substances-free, volatile organic compounds-free, or any combination thereof.

[0083] A technological characteristic may specify or quantify a performance that is at least indirectly associated with an environmental impact. A technological characteristic may be or be derived from measurements taken during the life cycle. A technological characteristic may be determined at any stage of the life cycle and characterize the performance across or up to such stage. A technological characteristic may include, for example, chemical composition data, raw material composition such as bio-based or recycled input material content specifying x% non-fossil and y% fossil content, bill of materials, product purity, product form (as an indication of their impact on dust formation / emissions), product specification data such as safety data, product extractability, migration data, toxicological data or ecotoxicological data, product ingredient data, safety data, application property data, application instructions, quality data or any combination thereof.

[0084] The circularity characteristics may specify or quantify life cycle characteristics associated with circular use. The circularity characteristics may be or be derived from measurements taken during the life cycle. The circularity characteristics may be or be derived from circular data recorded in one or more previous life cycles including reuse. The circularity characteristics may be determined at any stage of the life cycle and may characterize the reuse or recycling performance through or up to such stage. The circularity characteristics may include, for example, recycling data, reuse rate, recycling percentage, recycling loop, reuse performance, reuse quality, or any combination thereof.

[0085] The recycling characteristics may identify or quantify life cycle characteristics associated with recycling utilization. The recycling characteristics may include the composition of a material, including specially tailored ingredients that make the material suitable for recycling. The recycling characteristics may be or be derived from measurements taken during the life cycle. The recycling characteristics may be or be derived from recycling data recorded in one or more previous life cycles. The recycling characteristics may be determined at any stage of the life cycle and may characterize recycling performance through or up to such stage. The recycling characteristics may include, for example, recycling data, reuse numbers, recycle composition, recycle quality, waste stream composition, waste stream quality, or any combination thereof.

[0086] In one embodiment, the plastic additive passport or digital asset of the plastic additive may include mass balance environmental attributes related to the input materials. The mass balance environmental attributes may include environmental attributes of the input materials used to produce the plastic additive that are tracked and attributable to the plastic additive by mass. The environmental impact of the input materials may be determined based on the input materials used in the chemical process to produce the plastic additive. For example, the bio-based, renewable and / or recycled content of the input materials used to produce the plastic additive may be tracked. Further, for example, the castor oil or palm oil content of the input materials used to produce the plastic additive may be tracked. Further, characteristics related to the environmental impact of the input materials including, for example, RSPO palm oil, palm oil free or castor oil may be tracked. Further, for example, characteristics of the chemical process used to produce the plastic additive may be tracked. Examples of tracked process characteristics related to environmental impact include processing characteristics such as water consumption, CO2 emissions and / or greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, waste generation, mixed material generation, recycling design, energy consumption, less waste or less property loss. The characteristics may be tracked based on certificates from certification bodies. The properties may be tracked based on inherent physical characteristics derived from measurements.

[0087] In one embodiment, the manufactured plastic additive is connected to a distributed identifier that physically identifies the manufactured plastic additive. The manufacturing operations device may be configured to provide the distributed identifier associated with a physical entity of the manufactured plastic additive. The manufacturing operations device may be configured to link the distributed identifier to a physical identifier of the manufactured plastic additive. The manufacturing operations device may be configured to assign the distributed identifier to a physical identifier that is connected to the manufactured plastic additive. The manufacturing operations device may be configured to assign the distributed identifier to a physical identifier that is physically connected to the manufactured plastic additive.

[0088] In one embodiment, the distribution identifier relates to data associated with at least one product produced from the plastic additive, and the one or more environmental attributes associated with the at least one product are derived from the one or more environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive. The one or more environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive may be associated with one or more input materials and / or chemical processes used to produce the plastic additive. The distribution identifier may relate to any identifier uniquely associated with the plastic additive. The distribution identifier may be associated with a physical entity of the plastic additive. The distribution identifier may refer to a single batch of the plastic additive. The distribution identifier may be associated with a group of the plastic additive. The identifier may refer to multiple physical entities of the plastic additive. The distribution identifier may be associated with a continuous or semi-continuous stream of the plastic additive. The identifier may refer to a stream of the plastic additive over a particular time period or from a particular supplier, for example.

[0089] In one embodiment, the one or more environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive are provided from at least one balance account configured to store environmental attributes associated with the input material. The balance account may be for a storage structure associated with metadata such as an environmental attribute type. For example, the balance account may be associated with metadata indicating that the environmental attribute type is recycled content or bio-based. The inbound allocator may be configured to assign one or more environmental attributes associated with the input material to at least one balance account, for example, upon input of the input material into the chemical manufacturing network. The balance account may be associated with a respective environmental attribute type. The outbound allocator may be configured to assign at least one environmental attribute from the at least one balance account associated with the respective environmental attribute to a distributed identifier. The one or more environmental attributes may be assigned to the at least one distributed identifier. The assignment may include de-assignment of one or more environmental attributes from the balance account associated with the respective environmental attribute type. The balance account may be used to reliably track and assign environmental attributes of the input material to the plastic additive.

[0090] In one embodiment, the one or more environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive are provided from at least one balance account configured to store environmental attributes associated with the input material. The inbound locator may be configured to, for example, allocate the one or more environmental attributes to at least one balance account associated with the respective environmental attributes upon input of the input material into the chemical manufacturing network. The balance account may be associated with the respective environmental attribute type. The one or more environmental attributes associated with the input material may be allocated to the balance account associated with the respective environmental attribute type. The outbound assigner may be configured to assign or link at least one environmental attribute from the at least one balance account associated with the respective environmental attribute type to a distributed identifier. This may include de-allocating the one or more environmental attributes from the balance account associated with the respective environmental attribute type. By using the balance account, the environmental attributes can be tracked throughout the chemical manufacturing network. In this way, the environmental attributes can be decoupled from the raw material flow. The linking of the environmental attributes may be based on a mass balance of the chemical manufacturing network. In such an approach, the total mass of the input material and the plastic additive and the attributes of the respective environmental attributes associated with the input material and the plastic additive are balanced.

[0091] In one embodiment, the one or more environmental attributes are associated with at least one characteristic related to the environmental impact of one or more input materials and / or chemical processes. The one or more environmental attributes may specify environmental characteristics of the input materials used to produce the plastic additive, and / or the one or more environmental attributes may specify environmental characteristics of the chemical process used to produce the plastic additive. The one or more environmental attributes may be generated from environmental characteristics of the input materials used to produce the plastic additive, process data associated with the chemical processing of the input materials, and / or energy data associated with the energy consumption of the chemical processing. The one or more environmental attributes may include recycled content associated with the input materials and assigned or assignable to the plastic additive, renewable content associated with the input materials and assigned or assignable to the plastic additive, and / or product carbon footprint associated with the plastic additive.

[0092] In one embodiment, the manufacturing operations device is configured to collect environmental attributes associated with the manufactured plastic additive before, during and / or after the manufacturing of the plastic additive by the chemical manufacturing network. The environmental attributes associated with the manufactured plastic additive may be related to the input material. The environmental attributes associated with the input material may be provided before, during and / or after the manufacturing of the plastic additive by the chemical manufacturing network. The environmental attributes associated with the input material may be assigned to at least one balance account before, during and / or after the manufacturing of the plastic additive by the chemical manufacturing network. The environmental attributes associated with the manufactured plastic additive may be related to environmental characteristics generated from process data associated with the chemical processing of the input material and / or energy data associated with the energy consumption of the chemical processing. The environmental attributes associated with the manufactured plastic additive may be generated before, during and / or after the manufacturing of the plastic additive by the chemical manufacturing network. The process data associated with the chemical processing of the input material and / or energy data associated with the energy consumption of the chemical processing may be collected before, during and / or after the manufacturing of the plastic additive.

[0093] In one embodiment, the plastic additive passport or digital asset may include a decentralized identifier associated with the plastic additive and one or more environmental attributes linked to the decentralized identifier. The one or more environmental attributes may be linked to the decentralized identifier included in the plastic additive passport or digital asset. The one or more environmental attributes may be stored in a plastic additive manufacturer's database for access by any plastic additive user. The one or more environmental attributes may be stored in the plastic additive's database for forwarding to the plastic additive user when accessed or when providing the plastic additive, for example. The decentralized identifier may include any unique identifier uniquely associated with the plastic additive data, such as the plastic additive manufacturer and environmental attributes. The decentralized identifier may include a universally unique identifier (UUID) or a digital identifier (DID). The decentralized identifier may be issued by a central or decentralized identity issuer. The decentralized identifier may be linked to authentication and / or authorization information. Through the decentralized identifier and its unique association with the plastic additive data, such as the plastic additive manufacturer and environmental attributes, access to the plastic additive data may be controlled by the plastic additive manufacturer. This is in contrast to a central authority scheme where identifiers are provided by, and access to data is controlled by, such a central authority. In this context, decentralized refers to the use of identifiers in such implementations that are controlled by the data owner, such as a manufacturer of plastic additives.

[0094] The decentralized identifier may be uniquely associated with the plastic additive or the physical entity of the plastic additive, for example as packaged for transport to a user of the plastic additive. The decentralized identifier may be uniquely associated with one or more environmental attributes. The plastic additive passport or digital asset may include, be connected to, or be linked to one or more digital representations pointing to the plastic additive data including the environmental attributes or a portion thereof including the environmental attributes. The digital representation may include, be connected to, or be linked to at least one interface to a data providing service. It may further include, be connected to, or be linked to at least one interface to a data consuming service. It may include endpoints for data exchange or sharing (resource endpoints) or endpoints for service interaction (service endpoints), uniquely identified via a communication protocol. The digital representations pointing to the plastic additive data or a portion thereof may be uniquely associated with the decentralized identifier.

[0095] The plastic additive passport or digital asset may include or be connected to a digital representation of the plastic additive data, such as environmental attributes. The digital representation may include a representation for accessing the plastic additive data, such as environmental attributes or a portion thereof. The digital representation may include a representation of the plastic additive data, such as environmental attributes. The plastic additive passport or digital asset may include or be connected to data relating to the plastic additive data, such as environmental attributes, authentication information and distributed identifiers. Data relating to the plastic additive data, such as environmental attributes, may include a digital representation of the plastic additive data, such as environmental attributes.

[0096] The present disclosure will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: [Brief description of the drawings]

[0097] [Figure 1]An example of a chemical manufacturing network that produces one or more output materials from one or more input materials is illustrated generally in association with a manufacturing operations system that includes an attribute management system. [Diagram 2] 1 illustrates a schematic of an example of linking environmental attributes of input materials to output materials in a chemical manufacturing network. [Diagram 3] 1 illustrates a schematic example of linking environmental attributes of input materials and chemical processes to output materials in a chemical manufacturing network. [Figure 4] 1 illustrates generally another example of a method or apparatus for providing environmental attributes associated with produced materials to material users as data consumers over a distributed network. [Diagram 5] 1 illustrates generally another example of a method or apparatus for providing environmental attributes of output materials across a value chain via a distributed network. [Figure 6] 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an example chemical manufacturing network for producing a plastic additive associated with a digital asset. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0098] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a chemical manufacturing network 102 that produces one or more output materials, particularly plastic additives 104, from one or more input materials 100 in association with a manufacturing operations system 106 that includes an attribute management system.

[0099] Different input materials 100 may be provided as physical inputs to a chemical manufacturing network 102 to produce one or more output materials, particularly plastic additives 104. The physical input materials 100 and the output materials, particularly plastic additives 104, may be associated with one or more characteristics related to environmental impact. The characteristics related to environmental impact may be digitized in the form of environmental attributes, such as recycled or bio-based content of the input materials. The manufacturing operations system 106 may be configured to capture such environmental attributes and track the environmental attributes across the chemical manufacturing network 102 from the input materials 100 to the output materials, particularly plastic additives 104.

[0100] The chemical production network 102 may include multiple process steps that are linked together. The chemical production network 102 may be a chemical production network 102 where related production chains are integrated. The chemical production network 102 may include multiple different production chains that share at least one intermediate product. The chemical production network 102 may include multiple stages of a chemical value chain. The chemical production network 102 may include gas or crude oil production, refining, processing and / or refining. The chemical production network 102 may include a syngas plant connected to multiple production chains that produce chemical products 104 from a stream cracker or the effluent of such a plant. The chemical production network 102 may include multiple production chains that produce one or more output materials, in particular plastic additives, from one or more input materials 100. The chemical production network 102 may include multiple tiers of a chemical value chain. The chemical production network 102 may include an arrangement of physically interconnected production sites. The production sites may be in the same location or in different locations. In the latter case, the manufacturing locations may be interconnected by dedicated transportation systems such as pipelines, supply chain vehicles such as trucks, supply chain vessels, or other freight transport vehicles.

[0101] The chemical manufacturing network 102 may chemically convert the input material 100 into one or more output materials, particularly the plastic additives 104. The chemical manufacturing network 102 may convert the input material 100 into one or more output materials, particularly the plastic additives 104, by chemical conversion.

[0102] The input material 100 may be fed into the chemical production network 102 at any entry point. The input material 100 may be fed into the chemical production network 102 at the initiation of the chemical production network 102. The input material 100 may constitute, for example, a feedstock for a steam cracker. The input material 100 may include non-fossil input materials, such as bio-based or recycled materials, and / or fossil input materials for the production of chemical intermediates and chemical output materials, in particular plastic additives 104.

[0103] The chemical manufacturing network 102 may include multiple manufacturing steps. The manufacturing steps included in the chemical manufacturing network 102 may be defined by the system boundary of the chemical manufacturing network 102. The system boundary may be defined by the location or control of the manufacturing process. The system boundary may be defined by the location of the chemical manufacturing network 102. The system boundary may be defined by the manufacturing process controlled by one entity or multiple entities jointly. The system boundary may be defined by a value chain with a staggered manufacturing process to the final product, which may be controlled individually by multiple entities. The chemical manufacturing network 102 may include waste collection and sorting steps, recycling steps such as pyrolysis, cracking steps such as steam cracking, separation steps to separate intermediates of one process step, and further processing steps to convert such intermediates to output materials, in particular plastic additives 104, that exit the system boundary of the chemical manufacturing network 102.

[0104] The manufacturing operations system 106 of the chemical manufacturing network 102 may be configured to monitor and / or control the chemical manufacturing network 102 based on different process operating parameters. One process step that may be monitored and / or controlled may be the supply of input materials 100 or the release of output materials, particularly plastic additives 104. Another process step that may be monitored and / or controlled may be the registration of environmental attributes associated with input materials 100 entering the system boundary of the chemical manufacturing network 102. Yet another process step that may be monitored and / or controlled may be the binding of environmental attributes to output materials, particularly plastic additives 104, produced through the chemical manufacturing network. Yet another process step that may be monitored and / or controlled may be the management of environmental attributes associated with input materials 100 and output materials, particularly plastic additives 104, of the chemical manufacturing network 102.

[0105] The manufacturing operations system 106 may be configured to register inbound environmental attributes and assign outbound environmental attributes. The manufacturing operations system 106 may be configured to access data related to the input materials 100, processes and / or output materials, particularly the plastic additive 104, of the chemical manufacturing network 102. For example, the manufacturing operations system 106 may be configured to register the recycled or bio-based content of one or more input materials 100 used in the chemical manufacturing network 102 as an environmental attribute. The manufacturing operations system 106 may be configured to assign the environmental attribute to at least one balance account associated with the recycled or bio-based content of the input materials 100. The manufacturing operations system 106 may be configured to assign at least a portion of the environmental attributes from the at least one balance account to at least one output material, particularly the plastic additive 104.

[0106] The manufacturing operations system 102 may be configured to process environmental attributes related to the input and output materials, particularly the plastic additives 100 / 104, of the chemical manufacturing network 102. For example, the manufacturing operations system 106 may be configured to determine environmental attributes associated with the use of the input materials 100 and output materials, particularly the plastic additives 104, produced by the chemical manufacturing network 102 that affect the environmental characteristics of the chemical manufacturing network 102. More specifically, the manufacturing operations system 102 may be configured to determine environmental attributes associated with the output materials, particularly the plastic additives 104.

[0107] In this manner, the manufacturing operations system 102 may be configured to store or remove environmental attributes from a budget account. The environmental attributes may thus be viewed as credits that may be deposited or debited from accounts relating to input and output materials, particularly plastic additives, of the chemical manufacturing network 102. In this manner, the environmental impact of manufacturing may be tracked and / or traced.

[0108] In the chemical production network 102, multiple value chains may be linked. Additionally, different input materials 100 or chemical processes may be used that affect the environmental properties of the output materials, particularly the plastic additives 104, produced by the chemical production network 102. Examples of input materials 100 that affect at least one environmental property of the output materials, particularly the plastic additives 104, produced from such input materials 100 are recycled, renewable or bio-based input materials 104. Examples of chemical processes that affect environmental properties include chemical processes that use environmentally friendly technologies such as carbon capture, carbon utilization or heat pumps.

[0109] Due to the processing of chemicals in continuous or semi-continuous manufacturing and the complexity of the chemical manufacturing network 102, traceability of input materials through the network may be hindered. In such a scenario, equivalent environmental attributes representing the impact on the environmental properties of output materials produced by the chemical manufacturing network, in particular the plastic additive 104, may be assigned to a balance account 122 and assigned to one or more output materials, in particular the plastic additive 104, of the chemical manufacturing network 102. The environmental attributes may thus be separated from the physical material flows within the chemical manufacturing network 102. The separation may be based on a mass balance model in that the equivalents assigned to one or more output materials, in particular the plastic additive, may not exceed the equivalents provided by the input materials or processes. If an equivalent is assigned to a virtual account of one environmental attribute type, it may not be assigned a second time to another virtual account of that one environmental attribute type. The environmental attribute types may be recycled, bio-based, renewable, etc. The environmental attributes may be provided in the form of a digital asset or a plastic additive passport attached to the physical entity of the plastic additive.

[0110] FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic example of linking environmental attributes associated with an input material 100 to an output material, specifically a plastic additive 104, of a chemical manufacturing network 102.

[0111] 1 , the chemical manufacturing network 102 and its operations may be monitored and / or controlled by a manufacturing operations system 106. The manufacturing operations system 106 may be configured to track environmental attributes from the input materials 100 provided to the chemical manufacturing network 102 to the output materials, particularly the plastic additives 104, produced by the chemical manufacturing network 102. For tracking purposes, the operations system 106 may be configured to register environmental attributes associated with the input materials 100 provided to the chemical manufacturing network 102 and to link the environmental attributes to the output materials, particularly the plastic additives 104, produced by the chemical manufacturing network 102.

[0112] An input material 100, such as pyrolysis oil, bio-naphtha or biogas, may be fed into a chemical production network 102. The input material 100 may enter the chemical production network at an inlet point, such as a steam cracker or a syngas plant. The input material 100 may be used in the chemical production network 102 to produce one or more output materials, in particular plastic additives 104, from the input material 100, and the output materials, in particular plastic additives 104, may be provided at an outlet point of the chemical production network 102. Further output materials may be MDI, TDI, PA6, EPS, PC, polyols, caprolactam, adipic acid, HMD, polyamide.

[0113] When the material inputs 100 are input, the material input data 108 may be provided to a computing interface of the manufacturing operations system 106 via a communication network. A data provider, such as a QR code reader, may be configured to provide material data 108 regarding one or more material inputs 100 and respective environmental attributes 108 to a computing interface configured to assign the environmental attributes associated with the material inputs 100. The material data 108 may include an input identifier and the environmental attributes associated with the material input 100. The input identifier may be associated with the physical entity of the material input 100 entering the chemical manufacturing network 102. The material data may be provided prior to or after the provision of one or more material inputs at an entry point to the chemical manufacturing network 102.

[0114] The input identifiers may be linked to environmental attributes associated with each input 100, the quantity of the input 100, and a certificate attesting to the environmental attributes. The quantity of the input may be a measured amount of the input 100 provided to a plant or storage of the chemical manufacturing network 102 for producing one or more output materials from the input 100, in particular the plastic additive 104. The input identifiers associated with each input 100, the environmental attributes associated with each input 100, and the quantity of the input 100 provided to the chemical manufacturing network 102 may be provided to the manufacturing operations system 106. Such data may be provided over a communications network upon input to the chemical manufacturing network 102, or the data may be transferred from a computing system to the manufacturing operations system 106.

[0115] The inbound locator 110 may be configured to assign one or more environmental attributes to at least one balance account 112 associated with the respective environmental attributes. For example, one balance account 112 may be for environmental attributes from recycled materials and another balance account 112 may be for environmental attributes from bio-based materials. A balance account may be associated with each environmental attribute type, such as bio-based or recycled 122. Based on such association, a balance account associated with the environmental attribute type of each input material 100 may be selected. The environmental attributes may be assigned to the selected balance account. For example, an account 112 for recycled materials may be selected and the environmental attributes may be assigned to such account 122.

[0116] For allocation, one or more environmental attributes may be converted into balance units and the balance units may be assigned to the balance account 122. The conversion may be based on a conversion factor, such as mass, weight, carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms, methane equivalents, or any other suitable measure that quantifies the environmental impact of the environmental attribute. The conversion factor may thus take into account differences when producing a chemical product from conventional input materials, when producing a chemical product from unconventional input materials, or when producing a chemical product from a mixture of conventional and unconventional input materials. The conversion factor may relate to differences in the chemical and / or physical properties of the conventional and unconventional input materials.

[0117] The use of balance accounts 112 may ensure that the environmental attributes of the input material 100 are used only once for allocation to the plastic additive 104. In this manner, double counting of inputs or outputs is avoided, ensuring that positive environmental impacts can be tracked and allocated to the plastic additive 104.

[0118] The identifier provider 116 may be configured to provide plastic additive identifiers associated with plastic additives produced by the chemical manufacturing network 102 and provided at an exit point from the chemical manufacturing network 102 .

[0119] The outbound assigner 114 may be configured to assign at least one environmental attribute from at least one balance account 112 associated with the respective environmental attribute to the plastic additive identifier ID2. One or more environmental attributes may be assigned to the at least one plastic additive identifier ID2. The assignment may include de-allocation of one or more environmental attributes from the balance account 112 associated with the respective environmental attribute type. The assignment may include converting one or more balance units to one or more environmental attributes.

[0120] Assigning at least one environmental attribute associated with the input material to the plastic additive may include linking a plastic additive identifier ID2 to the environmental attribute. The plastic additive identifier ID2 may be associated with the physical entity of the plastic additive. In this way, a virtual identifier of the material may be uniquely linked to the physical material. Such a link may include a physical or virtual link of an identifier uniquely associated with the physical material. For a physical link, a tag or code may be physically connected to the material, for example by printing a QR code on the packaging. For a virtual link, different identifiers associated with the physical material may be linked. For example, an order number, a batch number, a lot number, or a combination thereof may be linked.

[0121] The outbound signer 114 may be configured to provide the environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive to a data consumer, such as a system associated with a user of the plastic additive. The outbound signer 114 may be configured to provide the environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive to a decentralized network, as described in the example of Figure 4. The environmental attributes may be provided via the identity-based schemes described above in the form of a digital asset associated with the physical entity of the plastic additive or a plastic additive passport.

[0122] FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic example of linking environmental attributes and chemical processes of an input material 100 to a plastic additive 104 in a chemical manufacturing network 102 .

[0123] 1 and 2, the chemical production network 102 and the operation of the chemical production network 102 may be monitored and / or controlled by a manufacturing operations system 106. An input material 100, such as pyrolysis oil, bio-naphtha, or biogas, may be provided to the chemical production network 102. The input material 100 may be used in the chemical production network 102 to produce one or more plastic additives 104 from the input material 100.

[0124] When the material inputs 100 are input, the material input data 108 may be provided to a computing interface of the manufacturing operations system 106 via a communication network. A data provider, such as a QR code reader, may be configured to provide material data 108 regarding one or more material inputs 100 and respective environmental attributes 108 to a computing interface configured to assign the environmental attributes associated with the material inputs 100. The material data 108 may include an input identifier and an environmental attribute associated with the material input 100. The input identifier may be associated with the physical entity of the material input 100 entering the chemical manufacturing network 102. The input identifier may be linked to the carbon footprint of the material input 100 as an environmental attribute. The material data may be provided prior to or after the provision of one or more material inputs at an entry point to the chemical manufacturing network 102.

[0125] The inbound allocator 110 may be configured to obtain one or more environmental attributes and provide such attributes to a carbon footprint (CF) generator 120. The process data provider 122 may be configured to collect process data associated with the chemical processing of the input material 100 to produce the plastic additive 104. The process data provider 122 may be configured to collect energy data associated with the energy consumption of the chemical processing. The process data provider 122 may be configured to provide the process data and the energy data to the CF generator 120.

[0126] The CF generator 120 can be configured to determine a carbon footprint of a plastic additive produced by the chemical manufacturing network. The carbon footprint of the plastic additive can be determined based on the process data, the energy data, and the carbon footprint of the input materials 100 used to produce the plastic additive.

[0127] The identifier provider 116 may be configured to provide plastic additive identifiers associated with plastic additives produced by the chemical manufacturing network 102 and provided at an exit point from the chemical manufacturing network 102 .

[0128] The outbound assigner 114 may be configured to assign the determined carbon footprint to a plastic additive identifier ID2. One or more environmental attributes may be assigned to at least one plastic additive identifier ID2 as described in connection with FIG.

[0129] The outbound signer 114 may be configured to provide environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive, particularly the carbon footprint, to a data consumer, such as a system associated with a user of the plastic additive. The outbound signer 114 may be configured to provide the environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive to a decentralized network, as described in the example of Figure 4. The environmental attributes may be provided in the form of a digital asset associated with the physical entity of the plastic additive or a plastic additive passport, via the identity-based schemes described above.

[0130] FIG. 4 illustrates generally an example of a method or apparatus for providing environmental attributes associated with plastic additives to material users as data consumers via a distributed network.

[0131] A plastic additive 104 as produced by the chemical manufacturing network 102 may be provided in association with a digital asset, as described in connection with Figures 2 and 3. The digital asset may include a plastic additive identifier. The digital asset may include one or more environmental attributes, such as product carbon footprint, recycled content, or bio-based content. The digital asset may relate to one or more environmental attributes, such as product carbon footprint, recycled content, or bio-based content. The digital asset may include a digital representation of one or more environmental attributes, such as product carbon footprint, recycled content, or bio-based content.

[0132] The digital asset may further include or relate to authentication and / or authorization information linked to the plastic additive identifier. The authentication and / or authorization information may be provided for authentication and / or authorization of the data provider 208 and / or the data consumer 210. The plastic additive identifier may include or relate to a decentralized identifier uniquely associated with the plastic additive. The decentralized identifier may be connected to a digital representation of the environmental attribute. The digital representation may include a representation for accessing the environmental attribute or a portion thereof. The decentralized identifier may include a universally unique identifier (UUID) or a digital identifier (DID). The decentralized identifier may include any unique identifier uniquely associated with the data owner and / or the plastic additive. The data owner may be the manufacturer of the plastic additive. Through the decentralized identifier and its unique association with the data owner and / or the plastic additive, access to the material composition data may be controlled by the data owner.

[0133] Digital assets including a digital representation of one or more environmental attributes, such as product carbon footprint, recycled content, or bio-based content, may be stored in a distributed database 200. The one or more environmental attributes, such as product carbon footprint, recycled content, or bio-based content, may be stored in a database 202 associated with a data owner, such as a manufacturer of the plastic additive 104.

[0134] The plastic additive 104 may be physically delivered to a plastic additive user. The plastic additive may be associated with a QR code that encodes a plastic additive identifier. The plastic additive user may read the QR code through a QR code reader 206. The plastic additive identifier may be provided to a database 208 associated with the user of the plastic additive 104. In other embodiments, the plastic additive user may obtain the plastic additive identifier through the distributed database 200.

[0135] The data owner in this example may be the input material producer, output material producer, output material user, end product manufacturer. The data owner may include any entity that generates the data. The data generating node may be tied to the data owner or the entity that owns or produces the physical product from which the data is generated. The data may be generated by a third party entity on behalf of the entity that owns the physical product from which the data is generated.

[0136] A data consumption service may include computer-executable instructions for accessing and / or processing data, such as plastic additives data, associated with a data owner. A data provisioning service may include computer-executable instructions for providing and / or processing data, such as plastic additives data, associated with a data owner for access and / or processing by a data consumption service.

[0137] Based on the received plastic additive identifier, a request to access environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive identifier may be triggered by a data consuming service 210, as indicated by arrow 212. The plastic additive identifier may be provided to a data providing service 214 of the manufacturer of the plastic additive 104. Additionally, authentication and / or authorization information may be provided.

[0138] The request may be authenticated and / or authorized to access the environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive identifier. Based on successful authorization and / or authentication, access to the environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive identifier may be granted.

[0139] For access, the plastic additive identifier may be provided to a data providing service 214, as indicated by arrow 212. The data providing service 214 may use the received plastic additive identifier to obtain environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive 104, as indicated by arrows 218 and 220. The environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive 104 provided to the data providing service 214 may be provided to the data consuming service 210, as indicated by arrow 216. The environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive 104 may be stored in a database 208 associated with a user of the plastic additive 104, as indicated by arrow 220.

[0140] Environmental attributes can be uniquely associated with the plastic additive via an output identifier or a distributed identifier. Through the distributed network, environmental attributes can be transferred between the producers of the plastic additive and the users of the plastic additive. In this way, environmental attributes, along with their unique association to the plastic additive, can be shared directly between value chain players without a central intermediary. This allows transparency of environmental attributes across the value chain and allows the positive environmental impacts from the plastic additive in the chemical production network to be tracked through the value chain.

[0141] FIG. 5 illustrates generally one example of a method or apparatus for providing environmental attributes associated with plastic additives across a value chain via a distributed network.

[0142] In the example of Figure 5, a fully connected value chain including a chemical manufacturing network is shown. In the example, input material providers, plastic additive producers, plastic additive users and end product manufacturers may be connected in a distributed network as described in relation to Figure 4. Environmental attributes may be provided via the identity-based scheme described in relation to Figures 2-5 in the form of digital assets or plastic additive passports associated with the physical entities of the input materials, plastic additives, any intermediate products or end products.

[0143] An input material provider may provide an input material such as biogas or pyrolysis oil. The environmental attributes of the input material may be provided via a data provision service connected to the distributed network as described in relation to FIG. 4. A plastic additive manufacturer may produce a plastic additive from an input material provided to a chemical production network. The plastic additive manufacturer may access the environmental attributes associated with the input material through a data consumption service connected to the distributed network as described in relation to FIG. 4. The plastic additive manufacturer may manage the environmental attributes via a manufacturing operations system as described in relation to FIG. 1-3. The plastic additive manufacturer may assign the environmental attributes associated with the input material or the environmental attributes associated with the chemical production network such as a carbon footprint to the plastic additive as described in relation to FIG. 1-3. The plastic additive manufacturer may provide the environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive through a data provision service connected to the distributed network as described in relation to FIG. 4. A plastic additive user or end product manufacturer may access the environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive through a data consumption service connected to the distributed network as described in relation to FIG. 4.

[0144] Respective data owners in this example may be an input material producer, an output material producer, an output material user, and an end product manufacturer. A data owner may include any entity that generates data. A data generating node may be coupled to a data owner or an entity that owns or produces the physical product from which the data is generated. Data may be generated by a third party entity on behalf of the entity that owns the physical product from which the data is generated.

[0145] A data consumption service may include computer-executable instructions for accessing and / or processing data, such as plastic additives data, associated with a data owner. A data provisioning service may include computer-executable instructions for providing and / or processing data, such as plastic additives data, associated with a data owner for access and / or processing by a data consumption service.

[0146] In the example of FIG. 4, the decentralized identifier may be for the end product. Such a decentralized identifier may be provided to the value chain participants. Through the end product specific decentralized identifier, data associated with the end product manufactured from the plastic additive may be collected across the production chain and assigned to the end product specific decentralized identifier. For example, one or more environmental attributes associated with the end product may be derived from environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive, the input materials or any other product entities present in the value chain of the end product.

[0147] In this way, the environmental attributes of the input materials, the plastic additives, and any products made from the plastic additives can be traced through the value chain to the final product. Tracking the environmental attributes of materials in such a way allows the information to be made transparent across the value chain while the flow of information can be controlled by the supply chain participants. In addition, the environmental attributes can be processed according to the needs of the individual participants by the manufacturing operations system as described in relation to Figures 1-3. Overall, such tracing allows for the tracking of positive environmental impacts by individual supply chain participants, which makes the positive environmental impacts transparent and linked to the individual supply chain participants.

[0148] FIG. 6 illustrates generally an example of a chemical manufacturing network for producing a plastic additive associated with a digital asset.

[0149] In the example of Figure 6, natural gas and biomethane can be fed into a chemical production network to produce plastic additives such as antioxidants. Biomethane and natural gas can be input materials as mixed feedstocks in this example. Methacrylates and other intermediate materials can be produced from the biomethane and natural gas. Other products such as antioxidants and intermediate or output materials can be produced from the methacrylic acid esters.

[0150] In the example of Figure 6, the biogenic content of biomethane as a non-fossil input material can be tracked. At the beginning of the antioxidant production chain, the biomethane content can be registered via the manufacturing operations system 106, as described in connection with Figure 2. There, the biomethane content can be assigned to a balance account 112 for bio-based materials. The environmental attributes of the biomethane content are thus decoupled from the mass flows of the chemical processes in the chemical production network 102, as shown in Figure 6.

[0151] Biomethane content can be determined for linking the biomethane content used in the production of antioxidants. Biomethane content that allows linking to antioxidant production can be based on mass conservation that allows linking to the antioxidant produced. For example, only half of the biomethane content can be linkable to antioxidants and the other half can be linkable to other output products derived from biomethane as an input material. Bio-sourced content of environmental attributes can be linked to such extent to antioxidants.

[0152] In the system shown in FIG. 2, environmental attributes associated with the production of the antioxidant can be bound to the manufactured antioxidant by associating a decentralized ID with the antioxidant and assigning the environmental attributes to the decentralized ID. By binding the ID and the environmental attributes, the environmental attributes can be uniquely linked to the manufactured antioxidant. The antioxidant can be delivered to a user of the antioxidant. A package, such as a loose bag, having the antioxidant can include a QR code. The decentralized ID can be included or encoded in the QR code. In this way, a user of the antioxidant can access the environmental attributes associated with the antioxidant via the ID-based protocol described in connection with FIGS. 4 and 5.

Claims

1. 1. A system for manufacturing a plastic additive associated with a digital asset, comprising: a chemical manufacturing network configured to produce the plastic additive, wherein the plastic additive is produced from one or more input materials through one or more chemical processes of the chemical manufacturing network, and wherein the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes are associated with environmental attributes; a manufacturing operations device configured to generate the digital asset by providing a decentralized identifier associated with the manufactured plastic additive and linking the decentralized identifier to the environmental attributes of the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes. A system including:

2. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the plastic additives associated with the digital asset are selected from antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, sterically hindered amines, light stabilizers, metal deactivators, phosphites, phosphonates, hydroxylamines and amine N-oxides, nitrones, thiosynergists, acid scavengers, nucleating agents, fillers and reinforcing agents, benzofuranones and indolinones, flame retardants, rheology modifiers, and combinations thereof.

3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the digital assets of the plastic additive include mass balance environmental attributes for the input material.

4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive are provided from at least one balance account configured to store environmental attributes associated with input materials.

5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the one or more environmental attributes are associated with at least one characteristic related to the environmental impact of the one or more input materials and / or the chemical process.

6. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the manufacturing operations device is configured to collect environmental attributes associated with the manufactured plastic additive before, during, and / or after the manufacturing of the plastic additive by the chemical manufacturing network.

7. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive produced through a chemical process from one or more input materials provided to the chemical manufacturing network include the environmental attributes associated with the input materials, the chemical process, and / or the chemical manufacturing network.

8. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the environmental attributes associated with input materials are provided before, during, and / or after production of the plastic additive by the chemical manufacturing network, and the environmental attributes associated with input materials are assigned to at least one balance account before, during, and / or after production of the plastic additive by the chemical manufacturing network.

9. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein the environmental attributes associated with the manufactured plastic additive relate to environmental characteristics generated from process data associated with chemical processing of the input materials and / or energy data associated with energy consumption of the chemical processing, and the environmental attributes associated with the manufactured plastic additive are generated before, during, and / or after production of the plastic additive by the chemical manufacturing network.

10. 1. A method of manufacturing a plastic additive associated with a digital asset, comprising: - producing said plastic additive from one or more input materials through one or more chemical processes of a chemical manufacturing network, wherein said one or more input materials and / or said one or more chemical processes are associated with environmental attributes; - the digital assets, providing a decentralized identifier associated with the manufactured plastic additive and one or more environmental attributes associated with the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes; Linking the decentralized identifier with the one or more environmental attributes. generating by providing said manufactured plastic additive in association with said digital asset; A method comprising:

11. 1. A plastic additive associated with a digital asset including a decentralized identifier associated with the plastic additive and linked to one or more environmental attributes of one or more input materials and / or one or more chemical processes used to produce the plastic additive.

12. 12. The plastic additive of claim 11, selected from antioxidants, ultraviolet absorbers, sterically hindered amines, light stabilizers, metal deactivators, phosphites, phosphonates, hydroxylamines and amine N-oxides, nitrones, thiosynergists, acid scavengers, nucleating agents, fillers and reinforcing agents, benzofuranones and indolinones, flame retardants, rheology modifiers, and combinations thereof.

13. 1. A method for generating a digital asset associated with a plastic additive, the plastic additive being manufactured from one or more input materials through one or more chemical processes in a chemical manufacturing network, the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes being associated with environmental attributes, the method comprising: providing a decentralized identifier associated with the manufactured plastic additive and one or more environmental attributes of the one or more input materials and / or the one or more chemical processes used to manufacture the plastic additive; - linking said decentralized identifier with said environmental attributes; providing the digital asset in association with the manufactured plastic additive, wherein the environmental attributes associated with the plastic additive are made accessible to users of the plastic additive through the digital asset. A method comprising:

14. 14. A digital asset generated according to the method of claim 13.

15. 14. A method of using the digital asset generated according to the method of claim 13 in the manufacture of a product made from the plastic additive associated with the digital asset, or a method of using the plastic additive of claim 11, the plastic additive associated with the digital asset, to manufacture a product from the plastic additive and to derive a digital asset associated with the product from the plastic additive digital asset.

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