Control of insect, acarine and nematode pests

Abstract

The present invention relates to combinations of compounds of formula (A-1) with compounds selected from the group consisting of mixing partners; and methods for controlling or preventing plant damage and animal infestation; and formulations, concentrates and seed treatments comprising such combinations. TIFF2025505242000098.tif79162

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a combination for controlling damage caused in particular by insect, acarina and / or nematode pests and / or fungal pathogens on plants and animals, which combination comprises a mixture of active ingredients. [Background technology]

[0002] Certain active ingredients and combinations of active ingredients for controlling pest attacks have been described in the literature. For example, WO 2016 / 102482 describes azoline compounds for controlling invertebrate pests; JP 2020-186191 discloses compositions of pesticidal isoxazoline compounds; WO 2021 / 197880 and WO 2021 / 228673 disclose isoxazoline compounds with pesticidal activity. There is a continuing need to provide pesticidal combinations that provide, for example, improved biological properties, such as synergistic properties, in particular for controlling insect, acarina and nematode pests. The benefit may also be an improved safety profile, improved physicochemical properties or improved biodegradability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] It has now been found that certain combinations of active ingredients provide unexpected control or prevention of damage to plants or animals when the particular combination is applied to the plant, its habitat or its propagation material, or to the animal.

[0004] Thus, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a compound of formula (A-1) as component (A): [ka] or a salt thereof; And as component (B): B-1 4-Dimethyl-2-[2-(3-pyridyl)indazol-5-yl]-1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5-dione (CAS2171099-09-3) B-2 N-[4-chloro-2-(3-pyridyl)thiazol-5-yl]-N-ethyl-3-methylsulfonyl-propanamide (CAS1255091-74-7) B-3 N-[3-chloro-1-(3-pyridyl)pyrazol-4-yl]-2-methylsulfonyl-propanamide (CAS2396747-83-2) B-4 Indazapiroxameth (CAS1689545-27-4) B-5 Phenmezodithiazide (CAS2413390-32-4) B-6 3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate (CAS2413839-57-1) B-7 (3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-oleate enolate tautomer (CAS2413839-58-2) B-8 (3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-oleate diketone (CAS2246757-58-2) B-9 2-(5-cyclopropyl-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-5-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3-benzoxazole (CAS2128706-05-6) B-10 6-(5-cyclopropyl-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-2,2-difluoro-7-methyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]benzimidazole (CAS2408220-91-5) B-11 1-[6-(2,2-difluoro-7-methyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]benzimidazol-6-yl)-5-ethylsulfonyl-3-pyridyl]cyclopropanecarbonitrile (CAS2408220-94-8) B-12 2-[3-Ethylsulfonyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS2133042-31-4) B-13 2-[3-Ethylsulfonyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS2133042-44-9) B-14 2-[3-Ethylsulfonyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS1990457-52-7) B-15 2-[3-Ethylsulfonyl-7-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS1990457-55-0) B-16 2-[3-Ethylsulfonyl-6-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-pyridyl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS1808115-49-2) B-17 2-(3-Ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-5-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxy)pyrazine (CAS2095470-94-1) B-18 (2Z)-2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(R)-2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfinyl]phenyl]imino-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thiazolidin-4-one (CAS2377084-09-6) B-19 2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(R)-2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfinyl]phenyl]imino-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thiazolidin-4-one (CAS1445684-82-1) B-20 2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfinyl)phenyl]imino-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thiazolidin-4-one (CAS1445683-71-5) B-21 1-(2-cyanoethyl)-4-oxo-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-1-ium-2-olate (CAS2032403-97-5) B-22 Fluchlordiniliprole (CAS2129147-03-9) B-23 Thiolantraniliprole (CAS1442448-92-1) B-24 Spirobudifen (CAS1305319-70-3) B-25 Flupentiophenox (CAS1472050-04-6) B-26 1-Fluoro-2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfanyl)phenyl]-5-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfanyl)benzene (CAS1922957-45-6) B-27 Sietopyrafen (CAS1253429-01-4) B-28 N-[[2-fluoro-4-[2-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (CAS2044701-44-0) B-29 (S)-N-[[2-fluoro-4-[2-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (CAS1365070-72-9) B-30 Nicofluprole (CAS1771741-86-6) B-31 Ciproflanilide (CAS2375110-88-4) B-32 5-[[trans-3-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2,2-dichloro-cyclopropanecarbonyl]amino]-2-chloro-N-[3-[(2,2-difluoroacetyl)amino]-2,4-difluoro-phenyl]benzamide (CAS2220132-55-6) B-33 Trifluenfuronate (CAS2074661-82-6) B-34 3,4,4-trifluorobut-3-enyl 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-oxo-tetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylate (CAS2094595-23-8) B-35 Selamectin (CAS220119-17-5) B-36 Doramectin (CAS117704-25-3) B-37 Tygolanel (CAS1621436-41-6) B-38 Clothianidin B-39 Triflumezopyrin B-40 Acetamiprid B-41 Thiamethoxam B-42 Tetraniliprol B-43 Chlorantraniliprole B-44 Cyantraniliprole B-45 Bifenthrin B-46 α-Cypermethrin B-47 Cypermethrin B-48 λ-Cyhalothrin B-49 Imidacloprid B-50 Flupyradifuron B-51 Thiacloprid B-52 Sulfoxaflor B-53 Nitenpyram B-54 Flubendiamide B-55 Indoxacarb B-56 Cyfluthrin B-57 Deltamethrin B-58 Acrinathrin B-59 γ-Cyhalothrin B-60 ζ-Cypermethrin B-61 Permethrin B-62 Fenpropathrin B-63 Fenvalerate B-64 Esfenvalerate B-65 Spidoxamat (CAS907187-07-9) B-66 Oxathiapiproline B-67 Iprodione B-68 Fludioxonil B-69 Mefenoxam or Metalaxyl-m B-70 Metalaxyl B-71 Penflufen B-72 Fluindapir B-73 Penthiopyrad B-74 Flametpyr B-75 Pydiflumetofen B-76 Sedaxane B-77 Thiabendazole B-78 Mefentrifluconazole B-79 Prothioconazole B-80 Triticonazole B-81 Furuttoria Hall B-82 Difenconazole B-83 Ipconazole B-84 Azoxystrobin B-85 Fluoxastrobin B-86 Pikarbutrazox B-87 Amisulbrom B-88 Cyazofamid B-89 Hymexazol B-90 Fluopicolide B-91 Fluoxapiproline B-92 Cyprodinil B-93 Chilam B-94 Florylpicoxamide B-95 Phenamidon B-96 Famoxadone B-97 Oxadixyl B-98 Acibenzolar-S-methyl B-99 Boscalid B-100 Bixaphen B-101 Fluopyram B-102 Fluxapyroxad B-103 Isoflucipram B-104 Flutolanil B-105 Pyraziflumid B-106 Pyrapropion B-107 Impilfluxam B-108 Carboxin B-109 Zoxamide B-110 Thiophanate-methyl B-111 Ethaboxam B-112 Dimethomorph B-113 Metconazole B-114 Prochloraz B-115 Tebuconazole B-116 Triadimenol B-117 Fluquinconazole B-118 Myclobutanil B-119 Imazalil B-120 Oxpoconazole B-121 Cyproconazole B-122 Pyraclostrobin B-123 Picoxystrobin B-124 Enestrobin B-125 Phenaminostrobin B-126 Mandestrobin B-127 Methyltetraprole B-128 Fluazinam B-129 Quinofumelin B-130 Cyflufenamid B-131 Ipflufenokin B-132 Cymoxanil B-133 Zinpropylidaz and B-134 Afidopiropen or an N-oxide or an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof. A composition comprising:

[0005] The composition containing the compound of formula (A-1) of component (A) and the compound of component (B) or each of them may be in a suitable weight ratio, examples of which include, on a weight basis, 5000:1 to 1:5000, 4000:1 to 1:4000, 2000:1 to 1:2000, 1000:1 to 1:1000, 500:1 to 1:500, 250:1 to 1:250, 2000:1 to 1:500, 3000:1 to 1:500, 4000:1 to 1:4000, 5000:1 to 1:500, 6000:1 to 1:600, 7000:1 to 1:700, 8000:1 to 1:800, 9000:1 to 1:1000, 10 ...200, 10000:1 to 1:300, 10000:1 to 1:300, 10000:1 to 1:400, 10000:1 to 1:500, 10000:1 to 1:500, 10000:1 to 1:1000, 10000:1 to 1:200, 10000:1 to 1:300, 10000:1 to 1:400, 10000:1 to 1:500, 1000 0:1 to 1:200, 125:1 to 1:125, 100:1 to 1:100, 80:1 to 1:80, 62.5:1 to 1:62.5, 50:1 to 1:50, 31.25:1 to 1:31.25, or 20:1 to 1:20, or preferably 10:1 to 1:10, 8:1 to 1:8, or 5:1 to 1:5; more preferably 3.1 to 1:3. In certain instances, the ratio is within the range of 2:1 to 1:2, 1.25:1 to 1:1.25, advantageously 1:1, by weight.

[0006] References to the compounds of formulae A-1 and B-1 to B-134 also include agrochemically acceptable ionic forms, salts, solvates, isomers, including geometric and stereochemical isomers, tautomers, N-oxides, esters, prodrugs, isotopes and protected forms thereof. Preferably, references to the compounds of formulae A-1 and B-1 to B-134 also include salts or tautomers or isomers or N-oxides or solvates thereof; and, more preferably, salts or tautomers or N-oxides or solvates thereof, even more preferably, salts or tautomers or solvates thereof.

[0007] In one embodiment, the compositions and combinations of the present invention contain the compound of formula A-1 in an enantiomerically enriched form. In other words, the compositions and combinations of the present invention may contain racemic N-[[4-[5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-2,3-dihydro-7-benzofuranyl]methyl]propanamide containing the compound of formula A-1 and its R-enantiomer in a 50:50 weight ratio, or an enantiomerically enriched mixture of these two enantiomers of this compound, with a greater proportion of the S-enantiomer form A-1 as defined herein. In certain examples, the enantiomerically enriched compositions and combinations of the present invention contain the S-enantiomer of the compound of formula A-1, i.e., N-[[4-[(5S)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-isoxazol-3-yl]-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl]methyl]propanamide in an enantiomeric excess (ee) of at least 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% or 50%. In certain examples, the enantiomerically enriched compositions and combinations of the present invention contain the S-enantiomer of the compound of formula A-1 in an enantiomeric excess (ee) of at least 55%, at least 60%, at least 65%, at least 70%, at least 75% or at least 80%.

[0008] In one embodiment, the compositions and combinations of the present invention comprise a compound of formula A-1 in enantiomerically pure form or substantially enantiomerically pure form. For the purposes of the present invention, a "substantially enantiomerically pure compound of formula A-1" is understood to be an enantiomer purity of at least 85% ee, preferably at least 90% ee, more preferably at least 95% ee at least 96% ee, even more preferably at least 97% ee, and in particular at least 98% ee, for example at least 99% or 99.9% ee.

[0009] In one embodiment, compound A-1 is present in the compositions and combinations of the present invention in the form of an enantiomerically enriched mixture of N-[[4-[5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4,5-dihydro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-3-isoxazolyl]-2,3-dihydro-7-benzofuranyl]methyl]propanamide, N-[[4-[(5S)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-isoxazol-3-yl]-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-7-yl]methyl]propenamide containing 80 to 100% by weight of compound A-1.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling or preventing damage to plants, comprising the steps of applying, in any desired order or simultaneously, to the plant, its habitat or its propagation material, a combination comprising, as component (A), a compound of formula (A-1) as defined above or an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof; and, as component (B), one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of B-1 to B-134 as defined above.

[0011] In some examples of the first and second aspects of the present invention, component (B) is or comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds B-1 to B-37 as defined above, preferably a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds B-1 to B-34 as defined above.

[0012] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling or preventing infestation in an animal, comprising the steps of applying to the animal, in any desired order or simultaneously, a combination comprising, as component (A), a compound of formula (A-1) as defined above or an agrochemically, pharma- ceutical or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof; and, as component (B), a compound selected from the group consisting of B-35 to B-37 as defined above or a pharma- ceutical or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof.

[0013] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides the use of a combination or composition comprising, as component (A), a compound of formula (A-1) as defined above or an agrochemically, pharma- ceutical or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof; and, as component (B), a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds B-35 to B-37 as defined above or an agrochemically, pharma- ceutical or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof, in the control or prevention of infestations in animals.

[0014] Optionally, the combinations and compositions of the invention further comprise one or more auxiliary agents and / or diluents.

[0015] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides the use of a combination or composition of the invention as an insecticide, acaricide and / or nematicide.

[0016] In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a formulation comprising the composition of the present invention, the formulation comprising 0.01 to 90% by weight of the active agent, 0 to 25% by weight of an agriculturally or pharma- ceutically acceptable surfactant, and 10 to 99.9 percent by weight of solid or liquid formulation inerts and adjuvants.

[0017] In a seventh aspect, the present invention provides a concentrated composition for dilution by a user, the concentrated composition comprising the composition of the present invention and comprising 2 to 80% by weight, preferably about 5 to 70% by weight, of an active agent.

[0018] In an eighth aspect, the present invention also provides the use of a combination or composition as defined above for controlling insect, acarina and / or nematode pests.

[0019] In one embodiment, the above uses and methods exclude treatment of the human or animal body by surgery or therapy, and diagnostic methods performed on the human or animal body. In one embodiment, the use is not a therapeutic use. In one embodiment, the method is not a therapeutic method.

[0020] The combination or composition of the present invention may contain the compound of formula (A-1) of component (A) and the compound of component (B) or each of them in a suitable weight ratio, examples of which include, on a weight basis, 5000:1 to 1:5000, 4000:1 to 1:4000, 2000:1 to 1:2000, 1000:1 to 1:1000, 500:1 to 1:500, 250:1 to 1:2 50, 200:1 to 1:200, 125:1 to 1:125, 100:1 to 1:100, 80:1 to 1:80, 62.5:1 to 1:62.5, 50:1 to 1:50, 31.25:1 to 1:31.25, or 20:1 to 1:20 or preferably 10:1 to 1:10, 8:1 to 1:8, or 5:1 to 1:5; more preferably 3.1 to 1:3. In certain instances, the ratio is within the range of 2:1 to 1:2, 1.25:1 to 1:1.25, advantageously 1:1, by weight.

[0021] In certain instances, the ratio of component (A) to the or each of the components (B) compounds is within the range of 3:1 to 1:3, 2:1 to 1:2, or about 1:1 by weight.

[0022] In some examples of the aspects of the present invention, component (B) is a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds B-1 to B-34, B-38 to B-65 and B-133 to B-134 defined above, preferably from the group consisting of compounds B-1 to B-20, B-38 to B-48 and B-133 to B-134 defined above.

[0023] In some examples of the aspects of the present invention, component (B) is a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds B-38 to B-65 and B-133 to B-134, preferably B-38 to B-48 and B-133 to B-134, as defined above, wherein the compound of formula (A-1) and / or the compound of component (B) are in a weight ratio of 5000:1 to 1:5000, 4000:1 to 1:4000, 2000:1 to 1:2000, 100 They are present in a weight ratio of 0:1 to 1:1000, 500:1 to 1:500, 250:1 to 1:250, 200:1 to 1:200, 125:1 to 1:125, 100:1 to 1:100, 80:1 to 1:80, 62.5:1 to 1:62.5, 50:1 to 1:50, 31.25:1 to 1:31.25 or 20:1 to 1:20, or preferably 10:1 to 1:10, 8:1 to 1:8 or 5:1 to 1:5; more preferably 3.1 to 1:3.

[0024] In a ninth aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling or preventing damage to plants, which comprises the steps of applying to a seed, in any desired order or simultaneously, as component (A), a compound of formula (A-1) as defined above or an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof; and as component (B), at least one compound selected from the group consisting of B-5 to B-17, B-38 to B-44, B-49 to B-54 and B-66 to B-132 and B-133 as defined above or an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof.

[0025] In a tenth aspect, the present invention provides a seed treatment composition comprising as component (A) a compound of formula (A-1) as defined above or an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof; and as component (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of B-5 to B-17, B-38 to B-44, B-49 to B-54, B-66 to B-132, and B-133 as defined above, or an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof.

[0026] In some examples of this aspect of the invention, component (B) is a compound selected from the group consisting of compounds B-5 to B-17, B-38 to B-44, B-66 to B-86 and B-133 as defined above, preferably B-5 to B-17 and B-38 to B-44 as defined above.

[0027] In certain instances, the seed treatment composition comprises 0.001 to 50 g of component (A) per kg of seed, preferably 0.01 to 10 g / kg of seed, more preferably 0.01 to 1 g / kg of seed.

[0028] In certain instances, the seed treatment composition comprises from 0.001 to 50 g of the compound of component (B) or each per kg of seed, preferably from 0.01 to 10 g / kg of seed, more preferably from 0.01 to 1.25 g / kg of seed, most preferably from 0.25 to 0.6 g / kg of seed.

[0029] The compounds of component (A) and component (B) or each of them may be in any suitable weight ratio, examples of which include, on a weight basis, 5000:1 to 1:5000, 4000:1 to 1:4000, 2000:1 to 1:2000, 1000:1 to 1:1000, 500:1 to 1:500, 250:1 to 1:250, 200:1 to 1:200, 1 25:1 to 1:125, 100:1 to 1:100, 80:1 to 1:80, 62.5:1 to 1:62.5, 50:1 to 1:50, 31.25:1 to 1:31.25 or 20:1 to 1:20, or preferably 10:1 to 1:10, 8:1 to 1:8 or 5:1 to 1:5; more preferably 3.1 to 1:3. In certain instances, the ratio is within the range of 2:1 to 1:2, 1.25:1 to 1:1.25, advantageously 1:1, by weight. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0030] Besides any synergistic effects, the combinations and compositions according to the embodiments of the present invention may also have surprising advantageous properties. Examples of such advantageous properties that may be mentioned are more advantageous degradability, improved toxicological and / or biotoxicological behavior or improved properties of useful plants (germination, crop yield, more developed root system, increased tillers, increased plant height, larger leaf blades, fewer basal leaves, stronger tillers, greener leaf color, less fertilizer required, less seeds required, more productive tillers, earlier flowering, earlier grain, less plant lodging, increased shoot growth, improved plant vigor and earlier germination, etc.).

[0031] Certain weight ratios of component (A) to component (B) may result in synergistic activity. Thus, according to a further aspect of the present invention, a composition is provided, in which components (A) and (B) are present in the composition in amounts that result in a synergistic effect. This synergistic activity is manifested by the activity of a composition comprising components (A) and (B) being greater than the sum of the corresponding activities of components (A) and (B) alone. This synergistic activity expands the scope of action of components (A) and (B) in two ways. First, the action remains equally good even when the application rates of components (A) and (B) are reduced, which means that in such a low application rate range, the active ingredient mixture still achieves a high degree of pest control, even when these two individual components become completely ineffective. Secondly, the scope of pest control is significantly expanded.

[0032] The active ingredients in the combination of the invention may be applied to the pest, the plant, the plant propagation material or the locus in which the plant is growing simultaneously (e.g. as a premixed mixture or tank mix) or sequentially over a suitable time scale.

[0033] The composite compound (i.e. components (A) and (B)) and any other pesticides may be used in the present invention in pure form, i.e. as solid active ingredients (e.g. in a particular particle size) or in the form of a formulation, preferably together with at least one auxiliary (also known as adjuvant) conventionally used in formulation technology, such as an extender, e.g. a solvent or solid carrier or a surface-active compound (surfactant). Generally, compounds (A) and (B) are each in the form of a formulation composition with one or more conventional formulation auxiliary(s).

[0034] Thus, compounds (A) and (B) can be used in the form of separate formulations. These compounds can be applied to the locus where control is desired simultaneously or successively at short intervals, for example on the same day, if necessary with additional carriers, surfactants or other application-promoting adjuvants conventionally employed in formulation technology. In a preferred embodiment, (A) and (B) are applied simultaneously. Co-application or simultaneous application of components (A) and (B) has the added advantage that the time spent by the farmer in applying the product to the crop is minimized. The combination can also include specific plant traits that are incorporated into the plant using any means, such as, for example, conventional breeding or genetic modification.

[0035] When the compounds of a combination (i.e., (A) and (B)) are applied simultaneously in the present invention, they may be applied as a composition containing the combination, in which each of (A) and (B) may be obtained from an individual formulation source and optionally mixed with other pesticides (known as a tank mix, ready to apply, spray broth or slurry), or (A) and (B) may be obtained as a single formulation mixture source (known as a premix, concentrate, formulated product) and optionally mixed with other pesticides.

[0036] In one embodiment, the composition comprises an agriculturally acceptable formulation adjuvant. In a further embodiment, there is provided a composition consisting essentially of component (A), component (B) and an agriculturally acceptable adjuvant.

[0037] In a further embodiment, there is provided a composition comprising component (A), component (B) and an agriculturally acceptable adjuvant. The compositions of the present invention are generally formulated with formulation adjuvants such as carriers, solvents and surface active agents (SFAs).

[0038] The combinations and compositions of the present invention may be useful for controlling pests such as insects, improving the resistance of crop plants to abiotic stress conditions and / or improving the yield of crop plants. In one embodiment, the combinations and compositions of the present invention may be useful for controlling insect, and / or acarina, and / or nematode pests. The present invention provides a method for controlling pests in or on crop plants, improving the resistance of crop plants to abiotic stress conditions and / or improving the yield of crop plants, comprising treating a pest, a plant, a plant part, a plant propagation material or a habitat in which the plant is growing with a composition as described herein.

[0039] The combinations and compositions of the present invention may be useful in extending the period of protection afforded to plant material, in one embodiment, the combinations and compositions of the present invention may exhibit both a fast-acting curative action and a preventative or protective action.

[0040] The combinations and compositions of the present invention may be useful in expanding the range of crops and / or pests for which the combinations and compositions are useful and for which the combinations and compositions provide effective control.

[0041] Thus, the combinations and compositions of the present invention provide enhanced biological profiles that may include a more complete spectrum of activity and / or complementary modes of activity. Advantageously, the component (A) compound and the component (B) compound may provide complementary mobility in plants. In certain combinations, the component (A) compound has higher acropetal mobility in plants compared to the component (B) compound, such that the component (B) compound provides more localized protection.

[0042] In other combinations, the component (A) compound has less acropetal mobility in the plant compared to the component (B) compound such that the component (A) compound provides more localized protection.

[0043] As used herein, the designation "CAS" followed by a series of digits refers to the Chemical Abstracts Registry number of the active ingredient. When available or known, an active ingredient is also referred to by its common name assigned in accordance with "ISO 1750:1981-Pesticides and other agrochemicals-Common names."

[0044] The compound of formula (A-1) is described in WO 2016 / 102482.

[0045] The compounds of component (B) are as follows: B-1, 4-dimethyl-2-[2-(3-pyridyl)indazol-5-yl]-1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5-dione (CAS2171099-09-3) is described in International Publication No. 2018011111. B-2, N-[4-chloro-2-(3-pyridyl)thiazol-5-yl]-N-ethyl-3-methylsulfonyl-propanamide (CAS1255091-74-7) is described in International Publication No. 2010129497. B-3, N-[3-chloro-1-(3-pyridyl)pyrazol-4-yl]-2-methylsulfonyl-propanamide (CAS2396747-83-2) is described in International Publication No. 2019236274. B-4, indazapiroxameth (CAS1689545-27-4) is described in WO 2015038503. B-5, phenmezodithiaz (CAS2413390-32-4) is described in WO 2018177970. B-6, 3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate (CAS2413839-57-1) is described in WO 2018177970. B-7, (3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-oleate enolate tautomer (CAS2413839-58-2) is described in WO 2018177970. B-8, (3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-oleate diketone (CAS2246757-58-2) is described in WO 2018177970. B-9, 2-(5-cyclopropyl-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-5-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3-benzoxazole (CAS2128706-05-6), is described in WO2017146226.B-10, 6-(5-cyclopropyl-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-2,2-difluoro-7-methyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]benzimidazole (CAS2408220-91-5) is described in WO 2020013147. B-11, 1-[6-(2,2-difluoro-7-methyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]benzimidazol-6-yl)-5-ethylsulfonyl-3-pyridyl]cyclopropanecarbonitrile (CAS2408220-94-8) is described in WO 2020013147. B-12, 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS2133042-31-4) is described in International Publication No. 2017155103. B-13, 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS2133042-44-9) is described in International Publication No. 2017155103. B-14, 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS1990457-52-7) is described in WO 2016129684. B-15, 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-7-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS1990457-55-0) is described in WO 2016129684. B-16, 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-pyridyl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS1808115-49-2), is described in WO2015133603.B-17, 2-(3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-5-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxy)pyrazine (CAS2095470-94-1) is described in WO 2017065228. B-18, (2Z)-2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(R)-2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfinyl]phenyl]imino-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thiazolidin-4-one (CAS2377084-09-6) is described in WO 2013092350. B-19, 2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(R)-2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfinyl]phenyl]imino-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thiazolidin-4-one (CAS1445684-82-1) is described in WO 2013092350. B-20, 2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfinyl)phenyl]imino-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thiazolidin-4-one (CAS1445683-71-5) is described in WO 2013092350. B-21, 1-(2-cyanoethyl)-4-oxo-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-1-ium-2-oleate (CAS2032403-97-5) is described in International Publication No. 2016171053. B-22, fluchlordiniliprole (CAS2129147-03-9) is described in Chinese Patent No. 106977494 (2017). B-23, thiolanthraniliprole (CAS1442448-92-1) is described in Chinese Patent No. 103130770 (2013). B-24, spirobudifen (CAS1305319-70-3) is described in Chinese Patent No. 102060818 (2011). B-25, Flupentiophenox (CAS1472050-04-6), is described in WO2013157229.B-26, 1-fluoro-2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfanyl)phenyl]-5-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfanyl)benzene (CAS1922957-45-6) is described in China Patent No. 105541682 (2016). B-27, sietopirafen (CAS1253429-01-4) is described in International Publication No. 2010124617. B-28, N-[[2-fluoro-4-[2-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (CAS2044701-44-0) is described in International Publication No. 2012035011. B-29, (S)-N-[[2-fluoro-4-[2-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (CAS1365070-72-9) is described in WO 2012035011. B-30, nicofluprole (CAS1771741-86-6) is described in WO 2015067647. B-31, ciprofuranilide (CAS2375110-88-4) is described in WO 2020001067. B-32, 5-[[trans-3-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2,2-dichloro-cyclopropanecarbonyl]amino]-2-chloro-N-[3-[(2,2-difluoroacetyl)amino]-2,4-difluoro-phenyl]benzamide (CAS2220132-55-6) is described in International Publication No. 2018071327. B-33, trifluenfuronate (CAS2074661-82-6) is described in Chinese Patent No. 106342882 (2017). B-34, 3,4,4-trifluorobut-3-enyl 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-oxo-tetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylate (CAS2094595-23-8) is described in Chinese Patent No. 106342882 (2017). The remaining named compounds are also known from the prior art.

[0046] Examples of the above pests are: From the order Acarina, for example: Acalitus spp., Aculus spp., Acaricalus spp., Aceria spp., Acarus siro, Amblyomma spp., Argas spp., Boophilus spp., Brevipalpus spp., Bryobia spp., Calipitrimerus spp., Chorioptes spp., Dermanyssus gallinae, Dermatophagoides spp., Eotetranychus spp. spp., Eriophyes spp., Hemitarsonemus spp., Hyalomma spp., Ixodes spp., Olygonychus spp., Ornithodoros spp., Polyphagotarsone latus, Panonychus spp., Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Phytonemus spp., Polyphagotarsonemus spp., Psoroptes spp., Rhipicephalus spp. spp.), Rhizoglyphus spp., Sarcoptes spp., Steneotarsonemus spp., Tarsonemus spp. and Tetranychus spp.; From the order Anoplura, for example: Haematopinus spp., Linognathus spp., Pediculus spp., Pemphigus spp. and Phylloxera spp.; From the order Coleoptera, for example: Agriotes spp., Amphimallon majale, Anomala orientalis, Anthonomus spp., Aphodius spp., Astylus atromaculatus, Ataenius spp., Atomaria linearis, Chaetocnema tibialis, Cerotoma spp., Conoderus spp., Cosmopolites spp., Cotinis nitida, Curculio spp., Cyclocephala spp., Dermestes spp., Diabrotica spp., Diloboderus abderus, Epilachna spp., Eremnus spp., Heteronychus arator, Hypothenemus hampei, Lagria vilosa, Leptinotarsa ​​decemLineata, Lissorhoptrus spp., Liogenys spp., Maecolaspis spp., Maladera castanea, Megascelis spp. spp., Melighetes aeneus, Melolontha spp., Myochrous armatus, Orycaephilus spp., Otiorhynchus spp., Phyllophaga spp., Phlyctinus spp., Popillia spp.), Psylliodes spp., Rhyssomatus aubtilis, Rhizopertha spp., Scarabaeidae, Sitophilus spp., Sitotroga spp., Somaticus spp., Sphenophorus spp., Sternechus subsignatus, Tenebrio spp., Tribolium spp. and Trogoderma spp.;. From the order Diptera, for example: Aedes spp., Anopheles spp., Antherigona soccata, Bactrocea oleae, Bibio hortulanus, Bradysia spp., Calliphora erythrocephala, Ceratitis spp., Chrysomyia spp., Culex spp., Cuterebra spp., Dacus spp., Delia spp., Drosophila melanogaster, Fannia spp. spp.), Gastrophilus spp., Geomyza tripunctata, Glossina spp., Hypoderma spp., Hyppobosca spp., Liriomyza spp., Lucilia spp., Melanagromyza spp., Musca spp., Oestrus spp., Orseolia spp., Oscinella frit, Pegomyia hyoscyami, Phorbia spp. spp.), Rhagoletis spp., Rivelia quadrifasciata, Scatella spp., Sciara spp., Stomoxys spp., Tabanus spp., Tannia spp. and Tipula spp.; From the order Hemiptera, for example: Acanthocoris scabrator, Acrosternum spp., Adelphocoris lineolatus, Aleurodes spp., Amblypelta nitida, Bathycoelia thalassina, Blissus spp., Cimex spp., Clavigrella tomentosicollis, Creontiades spp., Distantiella theobroma, Dichelops furcatus, Dysdercus spp., Edessa spp., Euchistus spp., Eurydema pulchrum, Eurygaster spp., Halyomorpha halys, Horcias nobilellus, Leptocorisa spp., Lygus spp., Margarodes spp., Murgantia histrionic, Neomegalotomus spp., Nesidiocoris tenuis, Nezara spp., Nysius simulans, Oebalus insularis insularis, Piesma spp., Piezodorus spp., Rhodnius spp., Sahlbergella singularis, Scaptocoris castanea, Scotinophara spp.), Thyanta spp., Triatoma spp., Vatiga illudens;. Acyrthosium pisum, Adalges spp, Agalliana ensigera, Agonoscena targionii, Aleurodicus spp, Aleurocanthus spp, Aleurolobus barodensis, Aleurothrixus floccosus, Aleyrodes brassicae, Amarasca biguttula, Amritodus atkinsoni, Aonidiella spp. spp.), Aphididae, Aphis spp., Aspidiotus spp., Aulacorthum solani, Bactericera cockerelli, Bemisia spp., Brachycaudus spp., Brevicoryne brassicae, Cacopsylla spp., Cavariella aegopodii Scop., Ceroplaster spp.), Chrysomphalus aonidum, Chrysomphalus dictyospermi, Cicadella spp., Cofana spectra, Cryptomyzus spp., Cicadulina spp., Coccus hesperidum, Dalbulus maidis, Dialeurodes spp., Diaphorina citri, Diuraphis noxia, Dysaphis spp., Empoasca spp., Eriosoma larigerum, Erythroneura spp., Gascardia spp., Glycaspis brimblecombei, Hyadaphis pseudobrassicae, Hyalopterus spp., Hyperomyzus pallidus, Idioscopus clypealis, Jacobiasca lybica, Laodelphax spp., Corn scale (Lecanium corni), Lepidosaphes spp., False radish aphid (Lopaphis erysimi, Lyogenys maidis, Macrosiphum spp., Mahanarva spp., Metcalfa pruinosa, Metopolophium dirhodum, Myndus crudus, Myzus spp.), Neotoxoptera sp., Nephotettix spp., Nilaparvata spp., Nippolachnus piri Mats, Odonaspis ruthae, Oregma lanigera Zehnter, Bayberry whitefly, Parabemisia myricae, Paratrioza cockerelli, Parlatoria spp., Pemphigus spp., Corn planthopper, Peregrinus maidis, Perkinsiella spp., Hop wart aphid, Phorodon humuli, Phylloxera spp., Planococcus spp., Pseudaulacaspis spp., Pseudococcus spp., Pseudatomoscelis seriatus, Psylla spp., Pulvinaria aethiopica, Quadraspidiotus spp., Quesada gigas, Recilia dorsalis, Rhopalosiphum spp., Saissetia spp., Scaphoideus spp. spp.), Schizaphis spp., Sitobion spp.), Sogatella furcifera, Spisstilus festinus, Tarophagus Proserpina, Toxoptera spp, Trialeurodes spp, Tridiscus sporoboli, Trionymus spp, Trioza erytreae, Unaspis citri, Zygina flammigera, Zyginidia scutellaris;. From the order Hymenoptera, for example: Acromyrmex, Arge spp., Atta spp., Cephus spp., Diprion spp., Diprionidae, Gilpinia polytoma, Hoplocampa spp., Lasius spp., Monomorium pharaonis, Neodiprion spp., Pogonomyrmex spp., Slenopsis invicta, Solenopsis spp. and Vespa spp.; From the order Isoptera, for example: Coptotermes spp., Corniternes cumulans, Incisitermes spp., Macrotermes spp., Mastotermes spp., Microtermes spp., Reticulitermes spp.; Solenopsis geminate; From the order Lepidoptera, for example: Acleris spp., Adoxophyes spp., Aegeria spp., Agrotis spp., Alabama argillaceae, Amylois spp., Anticarsia gemmatalis, Archips spp., Argyresthia spp., Argyrotaenia spp., Autographa spp., Bucculatrix thurberiella, Busseola fusca, Cadra cautella, Carposina nipponensis, Chilo spp., Choristoneura spp., Chrysoteuchia topiaria, Clysia ambiguella, Cnaphalocrocis spp., Cnephasia spp., Cochylis spp., Coleophora spp., Colias lesbia, Cosmophila flava, Crambus spp., Crocidolomia binotalis, Cryptophlebia leucotreta, Cydalima perspectalis perspectalis, Cydia spp., Diaphania perspectalis, Diatraea spp., Diparopsis castanea, Earias spp.), Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Eldana saccharina, Ephestia spp., Epinotia spp., Estigmene acrea, Etiella zinckinella, Eucosma spp., Eupoecilia ambiguella, Euproctis spp., Euxoa spp., Feltia jaculiferia, Grapholita spp., Hedya nubiferana, Heliothis spp. spp.), Hellula undalis, Herpetogramma spp., Hyphantria cunea, Keiferia lycopersicella, Lasmopalpus lignosellus, Leucoptera scitella, Lithocollethis spp., Lobesia botrana, Loxostege bifidalis, Lymantria spp., Lyonetia spp., Malacosoma spp., Mamestra brassicae, Manduca sexta, Mythimna spp., Noctua spp., Operophtera spp., Orniodes indica, Ostrinia nubilalis, Pammene spp., Pandemis spp.), pine sawfly moth (Panolis flammea), Papaipema nebris, red cotton bug (Pectinophora gossypiela), coffee leafminer (Perileucoptera coffeella), Pseudaletia unipuncta, potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella), cabbage white butterfly (Pieris rapae), Pieris spp., diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), Prays spp., Pseudoplusia spp., Rachiplusia nu, Richia albicosta, Scirpophaga spp., Sesamia spp.), Sparaganothis spp., Spodoptera spp., Sylepta derogate, Synanthedon spp., Thaumetopoea spp., Tortrix spp., Trichoplusia ni, Tuta absoluta and Yponomeuta spp.;. From the order Mallophaga, for example: Damalinea spp. and Trichodectes spp.; From the order Orthoptera, for example: Blatta spp., Blattella spp., Gryllotalpa spp., Leucophaea maderae, Locusta spp., Neocurtilla hexadactyla, Periplaneta spp., Scapteriscus spp. and Schistocerca spp.; From the order Psocoptera, for example Liposcelis spp.; From the order Siphonaptera, for example: Ceratophyllus spp., Ctenocephalides spp. and Xenopsylla cheopis; From the order Thysanoptera, for example: Calliothrips phaseoli, Frankliniella spp., Heliothrips spp., Hercinothrips spp., Parthenothrips spp., Scirtothrips aurantii, Soybean thrips (Sericothrips variabilis), Taeniothrips spp., Thrips spp; From the order Thysanura, for example: Silverfish (Lepisma saccharina).

[0047] In a further aspect, the present invention relates to plant parasitic nematodes (endoparasitic, semi-endoparasitic and ectoparasitic nematodes), in particular root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne hapla, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica, Meloidogyne arenaria and other Meloidogyne species; cyst forming nematodes, Globodera rostochiensis and other Globodera species; Heterodera avenae, Heterodera glycines, Heterodera schachtii, Heterodera clover cyst nematode, Heterodera trifolii and other cyst nematodes (Heterodera spp.);Seed gall nematodes, Anguina spp.;Stem and peel nematodes, Aphelenchoides spp.;Sting nematode, Belonolaimus longicaudatus and other Belonolaimus spp.;Pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and other Bursaphelenchus spp.; ring nematodes, Criconema spp., Criconemella spp., Criconemoides spp., Mesocriconema spp.; stem and bulb nematodes, Ditylenchus destructor, Ditylenchus dipsaci and other Ditylenchus spp.; fire nematodes, Dolichodorus spp.;Spiral nematodes, Heliocotylenchus multicinctus and other Helicotylenchus spp.;Sheath and sheathoid nematodes, Hemicycliophora spp. and Hemicriconemoides spp.;Hirshmanniella spp.;Spiny nematodes, Hoploaimus spp.;False root-knot nematodes, Nacobbus spp.;Tyrannomatodes, Longidorus elongatus elongatus and other Longidorus species; pin nematodes, Pratylenchus species; root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus neglectus, Pratylenchus penetrans, Pratylenchus curvitatus, Pratylenchus goodeyi and other Pratylenchus species; root-lesion nematode, Radopholus similis and other Radopholus species; false nematode, Rotylenchus robustus, Rotylenchus reniformis and other Rotylenchus spp.; Scutellonema spp.; Trichodorus primitivus and other Trichodorus spp., Paratrichodorus spp.; Tylenchorhynchus claytoni, Tylenchorhynchus dubius and other Tylenchorhynchus spp.;It may relate to a method for controlling damage to plants and parts thereof by plant parasitic nematodes such as C. citri, Tylenchulus spp.; C. serrata, Xiphinema spp. and other plant parasitic nematode species such as Subanguina spp., Hypsoperine spp., Macroposthonia spp., Melinius spp., Punctodera spp. and Quinisulcius spp.;

[0048] The combinations and compositions of the invention may also have activity against mollusks.Examples include the following: family Ampullariidae; Arion (A. ater, A. circumscriptus, A. hortensis, A. rufus); family Bradybaenidae (Bradybaena furticum); fruticum); Cepaea (C. hortensis, C. nemoralis); Ochlodina; Deroceras (D. agrestis, D. empiricorum, D. laeve, D. reticulatum) tum); Discus (D. rotundatus); Euomphalia; Galba (G. trunculata); Helicelia (H. itala, H. obvia); Helicidae (Helicigona albustrum) arbustorum);Helicodiscus;Helix (H. aperta);Limax (L. cinereoniger, L. flavus, L. marginatus, L. maximus, L. tenellus); The genera Lymnaea; Milax (M. gagates, M. marginatus, M. sowerbyi); Opeas; Pomacea (P. canaticulata); Vallonia and Zanitoides.

[0049] The combinations and compositions according to the invention may be used to control, i.e. suppress or destroy, pests of the above-mentioned types occurring in particular on plants, especially useful plants and ornamental plants in agriculture, horticulture and forestry, or on organs such as the fruits, flowers, leaves, stems, tubers or roots of such plants, in some cases even plant organs formed at a later time remain protected from these pests.

[0050] Suitable target crops are in particular cereals such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, maize or sorghum; beets such as sugar beet or fodder beet; fruits, such as pome fruits, stone fruits or soft fruits, for example apple, pear, plum, peach, almond, cherry or berries, for example strawberry, raspberry or blackberry; legumes, such as beans, lentils, peas or soybeans; rapeseed, mustard, poppy, olive, sunflower, palm, castor, cocoa or ground yam. nut; cucurbits, such as pumpkin, cucumber or melon; fibre plants, such as cotton, flax, hemp or jute; citrus fruits, such as orange, lemon, grapefruit or tangerine; vegetables, such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbage, carrot, onion, tomato, potato or pepper; plants of the Lauraceae family, such as avocado, cinnamon or camphor; and also tobacco, nuts, coffee, eggplant, sugar cane, tea, pepper, grapes, hops, plantain and latex plants.

[0051] The combinations and compositions of the present invention may be used on any ornamental and / or vegetable crop, including flowers, shrubs, broadleaf trees and evergreens.

[0052] For example, the present invention may be used in any of the following ornamental plant species: Ageratum spp., Alonsoa spp., Anemone spp., Anisodontea capsenisis, Anthemis spp., Antirrhinum spp., Aster spp., Begonia spp. (e.g. B. elatior, B. semperflorens, B. tubereux), Bougainvillea spp., Brachycome spp., Brassica spp., and the like. spp.) (ornamental plants), Calceolaria spp., Capsicum annuum, Catharanthus roseus, Canna spp., Centaurea spp., Chrysanthemum spp., Cineraria spp. (C. maritime), Coreopsis spp., Crassula coccinea, Cuphea ignea, Dahlia spp., Delphinium spp., Dicentra spectabilis, Dorotheantus spp.), Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum), Forsythia spp., Fuchsia spp., Geranium gnaphalium, Gerbera spp., Gomphrena globosa, Heliotropium spp., Helianthus spp., Hibiscus spp., Hortensia spp.), Hydrangea spp., Hypoestes phyllostachya, Impatiens spp. (I. Walleriana), Iresines spp., Kalanchoe spp., Lantana camara, Lavatera trimestris, Leonotis leonurus, Lilium spp., Mesembryanthemum spp., Mimulus spp., Monarda spp., Nemesia spp., Tagetes spp. spp.), Dianthus spp. (carnations), Canna spp., Oxalis spp., Bellis spp., Pelargonium spp. (P. peltatum, P. Zonale), Viola spp. (pansies), Petunia spp., Phlox spp., Plecthranthus spp., Poinsettia spp., Parthenocissus spp. (P. quinquefolia, P. tricuspidata), Primula spp. spp.), Ranunculus spp., Rhododendron spp., Rosa spp. (roses), Rudbeckia spp., Saintpaulia spp., Salvia spp., Scaevola aemola, Schizanthus wisetonensis, Sedum spp., Solanum spp., Surfinia spp., Tagetes spp.), Nicotinia spp., Verbena spp., Zinnia spp. and other plants for flower beds.

[0053] For example, the present invention may be used with any of the following vegetable species: Allium spp. (garlic (A. sativum), onion (A. cepa), shallot (A. oschaninii), leek (A. Porrum), shallot (A. ascalonicum), green onion (A. fistulosum)), chervil (Anthriscus cerefolium), celery (Apium graveolus), asparagus (Asparagus officinalis), sugar beet (Beta vulgarus), Brassica spp. (B. Oleracea, Chinese cabbage (B. Pekinensis), turnip (B. rapa)), pepper (Capsicum annuum), chickpea (Cicer arietinum), endive (Cichorium endivia), chives (Cichorium spp.), thyme (Thuja arvensis ... spp.) (chicory (C. intybus), endive (C. endivia)), watermelon (Citrillus lanatus), cucumber (Cucumis spp.) (saffron (C. sativus), melon (C. melo)), pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.) (Cucurbita pepo, C. maxima), Cyanara spp. (artichoke (C. scolymus), cardoon (C. cardunculus)), black carrot (Daucus carota), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), Hypericum spp., lettuce (Lactuca sativa), tomato (Lycopersicon spp.) (tomato (L. esculentum), tomato (L. lycopersicum)), mint (Mentha spp.), basil (Ocimum basilicum), parsley (Petroselinum crispum), Phaseolus spp. (green bean (P. vulgaris), scarlet bean (P.coccineus), peas (Pisum sativum), radishes (Raphanus sativus), rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum), rosemary (Rosemarinus spp.), butterbur (Salvia spp.), yellow rose (Scorzonera hispanica), eggplant (Solanum melongena), spinach (Spinacea oleracea), Valerianella spp. (Valerianella locusta, V. eriocarpa) and broad beans (Vicia faba).

[0054] Preferred ornamental plant species include African violet, Begonia, Dahlia, Gerbera, Hydrangea, Verbena, Rosa, Kalanchoe, Poinsettia, Aster, Centaurea, Coreopsis, Delphinium, Monarda, Phlox, and others. Examples of such herbs include Rudbeckia, Sedum, Petunia, Viola, Impatiens, Geranium, Chrysanthemum, Ranunculus, Fuchsia, Salvia, Hortensia, rosemary, sage, St. Johns wort, mint, pepper, tomato, and cucumber.

[0055] The combinations and compositions of the invention are particularly suitable for controlling: Hemiptera pests, for example one or more of Bemisia tabaci, Aphis craccivora, Myzus persicae, Rhopalosiphum padi, Nilaparvata lugens and Euschistus heros (preferably on vegetables, soybeans and sugarcane); Lepidoptera pests, for example one or more of the species Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera frugiperda, Plutella xylostella, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Cydia pomonella, Chrysodeixis including Chilo suppressalis, Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Pseudoplusia includens and Tuta absoluta (preferably in rice, vegetables and maize); pests of the order Thysanoptera, such as Thripidae, for example one or more of Thrips tabaci and Frankliniella occidentalis (preferably on vegetables); and Soil pests (such as those of the order Coleoptera), for example the species Diabrotica balteata, Agriotes spp. and Leptinotarsa ​​decemLineata (preferably in vegetables and corn).

[0056] The term "crop plant" should also be understood to include crop plants that have been transformed by the use of recombinant DNA techniques so as to be capable of synthesizing one or more selectively acting toxins, such as those known to be derived from toxin-producing bacteria, particularly bacteria of the genus Bacillus.

[0057] Toxins which may be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example, insecticidal proteins from Bacillus cereus or Bacillus popilliae; or δ-endotoxins, such as Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C, insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis or plant insecticidal proteins (Vip), such as Vip1, Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A; or bacterial-colonizing nematodes, such as Photorhabdus spp., such as Photorhabdus luminescens, Xenorhabdus nematophilus or Xenorhabdus spp. spp.); toxins produced by animals, such as scorpion toxins, arachnid toxins, wasp toxins and neurotoxins specific to other insects; toxins produced by fungi, such as Streptomycetes toxins, plant lectins, such as pea lectin, barley lectin or snowdrop lectin; agglutinins; trypsin inhibitors, serine protease inhibitors, proteinase inhibitors, such as patatin, cystatin, papain inhibitors; ricin, maize-RIP, abrin, rufin, saporin, ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIPs) such as bryodin or bryodin; steroid metabolic enzymes such as 3-hydroxysteroid oxidase, ecdysteroid-UDP-glycosyl-transferase, cholesterol oxidase, ecdysone inhibitors, HMG-COA-reductase, ion channel blockers such as blockers of sodium or calcium channels, juvenile hormone esterase, diuretic hormone receptor, stilbene synthase, bibenzyl synthase, chitinase and glucanase.

[0058] In the context of the present invention, delta-endotoxins are understood, for example, by Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 or Cry9C or plant insecticidal proteins (Vip), such as Vip1, Vip2, Vip3 or Vip3A, and also specifically by hybrid toxins, truncated toxins and modified toxins. Hybrid toxins are produced recombinantly by new combinations of different domains of these proteins (see, for example, WO 02 / 15701). Truncated toxins, such as truncated Cry1Ab, are known. In the case of modified toxins, one or more amino acids of the native toxin are replaced. In such amino acid replacements, preferably a non-naturally occurring protease recognition sequence is inserted into the toxin, for example in the case of Cry3A055, a cathepsin-G-recognition sequence is inserted into the Cry3A toxin (see, for example, WO 03 / 018810).

[0059] Examples of such toxins or transgenic plants capable of synthesizing such toxins are disclosed, for example, in EP 0 374 753, WO 93 / 07278, WO 95 / 34656, EP 0 427 529, EP 451 878 and WO 03 / 052073.

[0060] Methods for the preparation of such transgenic plants are generally known to those skilled in the art and are described, for example, in the above-mentioned publications. Deoxyribonucleic acids of the CryI type and their preparation are known, for example, from WO 95 / 34656, EP 0 367 474, EP 0 401 979 and WO 90 / 13651.

[0061] The toxins contained in the transgenic plants confer resistance to the plants against pests found in a range of insect taxa, but are most commonly found in beetles (Coleoptera), two-winged insects (Diptera) and moths (Lepidoptera).

[0062] Transgenic plants containing one or more genes encoding insecticidal resistance and expressing one or more toxins are known, and some of them are commercially available. Examples of such plants are YieldGard® (a corn variety expressing the Cry1Ab toxin); YieldGard Rootworm® (a corn variety expressing the Cry3Bb1 toxin); YieldGard Plus® (a corn variety expressing the Cry1Ab and Cry3Bb1 toxins); Starlink® (a corn variety expressing the Cry9C toxin); Herculex I® (a corn variety expressing the Cry1Fa2 toxin and the enzyme phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase (PAT) for resistance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium); NuCOTN 33B® (a cotton variety expressing the Cry1Ac toxin); Bollgard I® (a cotton variety expressing the Cry1Ac toxin); Bollgard II® (a cotton variety expressing Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab toxins); VipCot® (a cotton variety expressing Vip3A and Cry1Ab toxins); NewLeaf® (a potato variety expressing Cry3A toxin); NatureGard®, Agrisure® GT Advantage (GA21 glyphosate tolerance trait), Agrisure® CB Advantage (Bt11 corn borer (CB) trait) and Protecta®.

[0063] Further examples of such transgenic crops are: 1. Bt11 maize, registration number C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10, from Syngenta Seeds SAS (Chemin de l'Hobit 27, F-31 790 St.Sauveur, France). Transgenic maize conferred resistance to attack by the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides) by transgenic expression of a truncated Cry1Ab toxin. Bt11 maize also transgenicly expresses the enzyme PAT to confer tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium.

[0064] 2. Bt176 maize, registration number C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10, from Syngenta Seeds SAS (Chemin de l'Hobit 27, F-31 790 St.Sauveur, France). Transgenic maize conferred resistance to attack by the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis and Sesamia nonagrioides) through transgenic expression of the Cry1Ab toxin. Bt176 maize also transgenicly expresses the enzyme PAT to confer tolerance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium.

[0065] 3. MIR604 maize, registration number C / FR / 96 / 05 / 10, from Syngenta Seeds SAS (Chemin de l'Hobit 27, F-31 790 St. Sauveur, France). Maize made insect-resistant by transgenic expression of a modified Cry3A toxin. This toxin is Cry3A055 modified by the insertion of a cathepsin-G-protease recognition sequence. The preparation of such transgenic maize plants is described in WO 03 / 018810.

[0066] 4. MON 863 maize, registration number C / DE / 02 / 9, from Monsanto Europe SA, 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium. MON 863 expresses the Cry3Bb1 toxin and confers resistance to certain Coleoptera insects.

[0067] 5. IPC 531 cotton, registration number C / ES / 96 / 02, manufactured by Monsanto Europe SA, 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium.

[0068] 6. 1507 maize, registration number C / NL / 00 / 10, from Pioneer Overseas Corporation, Avenue Tedesco, 7 B-1160 Brussels, Belgium. Genetically modified maize for expression of the protein Cry1F for resistance to certain Lepidoptera insects and the PAT protein for resistance to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium.

[0069] 7. NK603 x MON 810 maize, registration number C / GB / 02 / M3 / 03, from Monsanto Europe SA, 270-272 Avenue de Tervuren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium. It consists of a conventionally bred hybrid maize variety by crossing the genetically modified varieties NK603 and MON 810. NK603 x MON 810 maize also genetically expresses the protein CP4 EPSPS from Agrobacterium sp. strain CP4, which confers resistance to the herbicide Roundup® (containing glyphosate), and the Cry1Ab toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki, which confers resistance to certain Lepidoptera, including the European Corn Borer.

[0070] Transgenic crops of insect-resistant plants are also described in the BATS (Zentrum für Biosicherheit und Nachhaltigkeit, Zentrum BATS, Clarastrasse 13, 4058 Basel, Switzerland) Report 2003, (http: / / bats.ch).

[0071] The term "crop plant" should also be understood to include crop plants that have been transformed by the use of recombinant DNA techniques so as to be able to synthesize antipathogenic substances with selective action, such as, for example, so-called "pathogenicity-related proteins" (PRPs, see, for example, EP-A-0392225). Examples of such antipathogenic substances and transgenic plants capable of synthesizing such antipathogenic substances are known, for example, from EP-A-0392225, WO-A-95 / 33818 and EP-A-0353191. Methods for producing such transgenic plants are generally known to the skilled person and are described, for example, in the above-mentioned publications.

[0072] Crops can also be improved to increase resistance to fungal (e.g., Fusarium, anthracnose or Phytophthora), bacterial (e.g., Pseudomonas) or viral (e.g., Potato Leaf Curl Virus, Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus, Cucumber Mosaic Virus) pathogens.

[0073] Crops also include those that have high resistance to nematodes, such as the soybean cyst nematode.

[0074] Crops that are tolerant to abiotic stress include those that have increased tolerance to drought, high salinity, high temperature, low temperature, frost or light due to, for example, expression of NF-YB or other proteins known in the art.

[0075] Anti-pathogenic substances which may be expressed by such transgenic plants include, for example, ion channel blockers, such as blockers of sodium or calcium channels, e.g. viral KP1, KP4 or KP6 toxins; stilbene synthases; bibenzyl synthases; chitinases; glucanases; so-called "pathogenesis related proteins" (PRPs; see, for example, EP 0 392 225); anti-pathogenic substances produced by microorganisms, such as peptide or heterocyclic antibiotics (see, for example, WO 95 / 33818) or proteins or polypeptide factors involved in plant pathogen defense (so-called "plant disease resistance genes" as described in WO 03 / 000906).

[0076] Further fields of use of the compositions according to the invention are the protection of storehouses and storage rooms and the protection of raw materials (such as wood and textiles), floor coverings and buildings and in the hygiene sector, in particular the protection of humans, livestock and productive livestock from pests of the abovementioned types.

[0077] The present invention provides a method for improving the tolerance of a plant to abiotic stress, the method comprising the step of applying to the plant, plant part, plant propagation material or the habitat in which the plant is growing a composition as described herein.

[0078] The present invention provides a method of regulating or enhancing plant growth, the method comprising applying to a plant, a plant part, a plant propagation material, or a habitat in which the plant is growing a composition described herein, in one embodiment, the plant growth is regulated or enhanced when the plant is subjected to abiotic stress conditions.

[0079] The term "regulating or enhancing crop growth" refers to increased plant vigor, increased plant quality, increased tolerance to stress factors and / or improved input use efficiency.

[0080] The term "plant" refers to all physical parts of a plant, including seeds, seedlings, saplings, roots, tubers, stems, stalks, foliage and fruits.

[0081] The term "locus" as used herein means the field in which the plants are growing or the field in which the seeds of the plants to be cultivated are sown or the field in which the seeds will be planted in the soil. It includes the soil, the seeds and seedlings as well as established vegetation.

[0082] The term "plant propagation material" means all reproductive parts of a plant, for example the seeds or cuttings and the growing parts of a plant such as tubers, including not only seeds in the strict sense but also roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes and plant parts.

[0083] When a numerical range is disclosed herein (e.g., 1-10), this is intended to include all numbers and intervening values ​​within that range (e.g., 1, 1.1, 2, 3, 3.9, 4, 5, 6, 6.5, 7, 8, 9, and 10) and any subranges of numbers and intervening values ​​within that range (e.g., 2-8, 1.5-5.5, and 3.1-4.7). Additionally, both the upper and lower limits specified are intended to be encompassed within the range.

[0084] When the term "about" precedes a range or value used herein, the term is intended to cover both the exact number and a number that is near or approximately the preceding number. In determining whether a number is near or approximately a specifically stated number, the near or approximately number may be rounded to the specifically stated number or a substantially equivalent number. For example, the term "about 5" includes 5.0, 4.5, 5.4, 4.92, 5.01, etc.

[0085] The compositions may be in the form of concentrates that are diluted before use, but ready-to-use compositions can also be formed. The final dilution is usually with water, but can be carried out instead of or in addition to water, for example with liquid fertilizers, trace elements, biological organisms, oils or solvents.

[0086] The compounds according to the present invention are generally formulated in various ways using formulation auxiliaries such as carriers, solvents and surface active substances.The formulations can be in various physical forms, such as dusts, gels, wettable powders, wettable granules, water-dispersible tablets, effervescent pellets, emulsifiable concentrates, microemulsifiable concentrates, oil-in-water emulsions, oil-based flowables, aqueous dispersions, oil-based dispersions, suspoemulsions, capsule suspensions, emulsifiable granules, soluble liquids, water-soluble concentrates (containing water or water-miscible organic solvents as carriers), impregnated polymer films or other forms known, for example, from the Manual on Development and Use of FAO and WHO Specifications for Pesticides, United Nations, First Edition, Second Revision (2010).Such formulations can be used directly or diluted before use.Dilution can be carried out, for example, with water, liquid fertilizers, micronutrients, biological organisms, oils or solvents.

[0087] The formulations can be prepared, for example, by mixing the active ingredient with formulation auxiliaries to obtain a composition in the form of a finely divided solid, granules, liquid, dispersion or emulsion. The active ingredient can also be formulated with other auxiliaries, such as finely divided solids, mineral oils, oils of vegetable or animal origin, modified oils of vegetable or animal origin, organic solvents, water, surface-active substances or combinations thereof.

[0088] The active ingredient may be contained in fine microcapsules. The microcapsules also contain the active ingredient in a porous carrier. This allows the active ingredient to be released in controlled amounts into the environment (e.g., sustained release). The microcapsules usually have a diameter of 0.1 to 500 μm. The microcapsules contain the active ingredient in an amount of about 25 to 95% by weight of the capsule weight. The active ingredient may be in the form of a monolithic solid, in the form of fine particles in a solid or liquid dispersion, or in the form of a suitable solution. The membrane for encapsulation may, for example, comprise natural or synthetic rubber, cellulose, styrene / butadiene copolymer, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyester, polyamide, polyurea, polyurethane or chemically modified polymers and starch xanthate or other polymers known to those skilled in the art. Alternatively, fine microcapsules may be formed in which the active ingredient is contained in the form of finely divided particles in a solid matrix of the base, but the microcapsules themselves are not encapsulated.

[0089] The formulation auxiliaries suitable for the preparation of the compositions according to the invention are known per se.As liquid carriers, the following may be used: water, toluene, xylene, petroleum ether, vegetable oils, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, acid anhydrides, acetonitrile, acetophenone, amyl acetate, 2-butanone, butylene carbonate, chlorobenzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexanol, alkyl esters of acetic acid, diacetone alcohol, 1,2-dichloropropane, diethanolamine, p-diethylbenzene, diethylene glycol, diethylene glycol abietate, diethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, 1,4-dioxane, dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol methyl ether, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, diproxitol, alkylpyrrolidone, ethyl acetate, 2-ethylhexanol, ethylene carbonate, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, 2-heptanone, α-pinene, d-limonene, ethyl lactate, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol butyl ether, ethylene glycol methyl ether, γ-butyrolactone, glycerol, glycerol acetate, glycerol diacetate, glycerol triacetate, hexadecane, hexylene glycol, isoamyl acetate, isobornyl acetate, isooctane, isophorone, isopropylbenzene, isopropyl myristate, lactic acid, laurylamine, mesityl oxide, methoxypropanol, methyl isoamyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl laurate, methyl octanoate, methyl oleate, methylene chloride, m-xylene, n-hexane, n-octylamine, octadecanoic acid, octylamine acetate, oleic acid carboxylic acid, oleylamine, o-xylene, phenol, polyethylene glycol, propionic acid, propyl lactate, propylene carbonate, propylene glycol, propylene glycol methyl ether, p-xylene, toluene, triethyl phosphate, triethylene glycol, xylene sulfonic acid, paraffin, mineral oil, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, butyl acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and higher molecular weight alcohols such as amyl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, hexanol, octanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, etc.,

[0090] Suitable solid carriers are, for example, talc, titanium dioxide, pyrophyllite clay, silica, attapulgite clay, diatomaceous earth, limestone, calcium carbonate, bentonite, calcium montmorillonite, cottonseed hulls, wheat flour, soybean flour, pumice, wood flour, ground walnut shells, lignin and similar materials.

[0091] Many surface-active substances can be used advantageously in both solid and liquid formulations, especially in formulations which may be diluted with a carrier before use. Surface-active substances can be anionic, cationic, nonionic or polymeric and they can be used as emulsifying agents, wetting agents or suspending agents or for other purposes. Typical surface-active materials include, for example, salts of alkyl sulfates such as diethanolammonium lauryl sulfate, salts of alkylarylsulfonates such as calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, alkylphenol / alkylene oxide adducts such as nonylphenol ethoxylate, alcohol / alkylene oxide adducts such as tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate, soaps such as sodium stearate, salts of alkylnaphthalenesulfonates such as sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate, dialkyl esters of sulfosuccinates such as sodium di(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate, sorbitol esters such as sorbitol oleate, quaternary amines such as lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids such as polyethylene glycol stearate, block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, and salts of mono- and di-alkyl phosphate esters, and further materials as described, for example, in McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers Annual, MC Publishing Corp., Ridgewood New Jersey (1981).

[0092] Further auxiliaries which may be used in the pesticide formulations include crystallization inhibitors, viscosity modifiers, suspending agents, dyes, antioxidants, foaming agents, light absorbers, mixing aids, defoamers, complexing agents, neutralizing or pH adjusting substances and buffers, corrosion inhibitors, fragrances, wetting agents, absorption enhancers, micronutrients, plasticizers, glidants, lubricants, dispersants, thickeners, antifreeze agents, fungicides and liquid and solid fertilizers.

[0093] The composition according to the invention may contain an additive comprising an oil of vegetable or animal origin, a mineral oil, an alkyl ester of such an oil or a mixture of such an oil and an oil derivative. The amount of the oil additive in the composition according to the invention is generally 0.01-10% based on the mixture to be applied. For example, the oil additive may be added to the spray tank at the desired concentration after the spray mixture is prepared. Preferred oil additives include mineral oil or oil of vegetable origin, such as rapeseed oil, olive oil or sunflower oil, emulsified vegetable oil, alkyl ester of oil of vegetable origin, such as methyl derivatives, or oil of animal origin, such as fish oil or beef tallow. Preferred oil additives include C8-C 22 Alkyl esters of fatty acids, especially C 12 ~C 18 Methyl derivatives of fatty acids, such as the methyl esters of lauric acid, palmitic acid, and oleic acid (methyl laurate, methyl palmitate, and methyl oleate, respectively). Many oil derivatives are described in the Compendium of Herbicide Adjuvants, 10 th Edition, Southern Illinois University, 2010.

[0094] The compositions of the invention generally contain 0.1 to 99% by weight, in particular 0.1 to 95% by weight, of active organisms and 1 to 99.9% by weight of formulation aids, which preferably contain 0 to 25% by weight of surface-active substances. Commercial products are preferably formulated as concentrates, but end users will usually use dilute formulations.

[0095] The application rates vary within wide limits and depend on the nature of the soil, the method of application, the crop plant, the pests to be controlled, the prevailing climatic conditions and other factors which depend on the method of application, the time of application and the target crop. As a general guideline, the active ingredient may be applied at a rate of 1 to 2000 g / ha, in particular 10 to 1000 g / ha.

[0096] In particular examples, the application rate of component (A) is between 20 and 200 g / ha. In some examples, the application rate of component (A) is between 50 and 150 g / ha, optionally between 50 and 70 g / ha, or about 100 g / ha.

[0097] In a particular example, the application rate of component (B) is between 20 and 200 g / ha.

[0098] A preferred formulation may have the following composition (by weight): Emulsifiable concentrate: Active ingredient: 1-95%, preferably 60-90% Surfactant: 1-30%, preferably 5-20% Liquid carrier: 1-80%, preferably 1-35%

[0099] Dust agent: Active ingredient: 0.1-10%, preferably 0.1-5% Solid carrier: 99.9 to 90%, preferably 99.9 to 99%

[0100] Suspension concentrates: Active ingredient: 5-75%, preferably 10-50% Water: 94-24%, preferably 88-30% Surfactant: 1-40%, preferably 2-30%

[0101] Wettable powder: Active ingredient: 0.5-90%, preferably 1-80% Surfactant: 0.5-20%, preferably 1-15% Solid carrier: 5 to 95%, preferably 15 to 90%

[0102] Granules: Active ingredient: 0.1-30%, preferably 0.1-15% Solid carrier: 99.5 to 70%, preferably 97 to 85%

[0103] The following examples further illustrate, but do not limit, the present invention.

[0104] [Table 1]

[0105] This combination is thoroughly mixed with the adjuvant and the mixture is thoroughly ground in a suitable mill to obtain a wettable powder, which is diluted with water to obtain a suspension of the desired concentration.

[0106] [Table 2]

[0107] This combination is thoroughly mixed with an adjuvant and the mixture thoroughly ground in a suitable mill to obtain a dust which can be used directly as a seed treatment.

[0108] [Table 3]

[0109] Emulsifiable concentrates of any desired dilution which can be used for plant protection are obtained from this concentrate by dilution with water.

[0110] [Table 4]

[0111] Ready-to-use dusts are obtained by combining and mixing with a carrier and grinding the mixture in a suitable mill. Such powders can also be used for dry dressing of seeds.

[0112] [Table 5]

[0113] This combination is mixed with an auxiliary agent, ground, the mixture is moistened with water, the mixture is extruded and then dried in a stream of air.

[0114] [Table 6]

[0115] This micronized combination is applied uniformly in a mixer to kaolin wetted with polyethylene glycol, thus obtaining dust-free coated granules.

[0116] [Table 7]

[0117] This micronized combination is intimately mixed with an adjuvant to obtain a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired dilution are obtained by dilution with water, with which living plants as well as plant propagation material can be treated and protected from microbial infestation by spraying, pouring or immersion.

[0118] [Table 8]

[0119] This micronized combination is intimately mixed with an adjuvant to obtain a suspension concentrate from which suspensions of any desired dilution are obtained by dilution with water, with which living plants as well as plant propagation material can be treated and protected from microbial infestation by spraying, pouring or immersion.

[0120] Sustained Release Capsule Suspension 28 parts of this combination are mixed with 2 parts aromatic solvent and 7 parts toluene diisocyanate / polymethylene-polyphenylisocyanate mixture (8:1). This mixture is emulsified in a mixture of 1.2 parts polyvinyl alcohol, 0.05 parts defoamer and 51.6 parts water until the desired particle size is obtained. A mixture of 2.8 parts 1,6-diaminohexane in 5.3 parts water is added to this emulsion. The mixture is stirred until the polymerization reaction is complete. The resulting capsule suspension is stabilized by adding 0.25 parts thickener and 3 parts dispersant. The capsule suspension formulation contains 28% active ingredient. The capsules have a median diameter of 8-15 μm. The resulting formulation is applied to the seeds as an aqueous suspension in a device suitable for the purpose in question.

[0121] The combinations or compositions of the present invention may be applied to plants, plant parts, plant organs, plant propagation material or the habitat in which the plants are growing.

[0122] Application is generally by spraying (A) and (B) separately (i.e., the combination) or (A) and (B) together (i.e., the composition), typically with a tractor-mounted large area sprayer, although other methods such as dusting (in the case of powders), dripping or irrigation can also be used. Alternatively, the combination or composition can be applied in furrow or directly to the seed before or at planting.

[0123] The combination or composition of the present invention can be applied pre-emergence or post-emergence.When the combination or composition is used to regulate the growth of crop plants or to increase resistance to abiotic stress, it can be applied post-emergence of crop plants.When the combination or composition is used to inhibit or delay seed germination, it can be applied pre-emergence.When the combination or composition is used to control pests, it can be applied as a preventive (before pests are established) or curative (after pests are established) treatment.

[0124] The present invention contemplates the application of the combinations and compositions of the present invention to plant propagation material before, during or after planting, or any combination thereof.

[0125] Although the active ingredient can be applied to plant propagation material in any physiological state, the general approach is to use seeds that are sufficiently durable so as not to be damaged during the treatment process. Typically, seeds are harvested from the field, removed from the plant, and separated from any core, stem, husk, and surrounding flesh or other non-seed plant material. The seeds are also preferably biologically stable to the extent that the treatment does not cause biological damage to the seeds. It is believed that the treatment can be applied to the seeds at any time from seed harvest to seed sowing (including during the sowing process).

[0126] Methods of applying or treating the plant propagation material or planting locus with the active ingredient are known in the art and include dressing, coating, pelleting and dipping, as well as seedbed tray application, furrow application, soil drench, soil injection, injection irrigation, application by sprinkler or center pivot, or incorporation into the soil (broadcast or banded). Alternatively or additionally, the active ingredient may be applied to a suitable substrate which is sown with the plant propagation material.

[0127] The application rates of the combinations and compositions of the invention can vary within a wide range and depend on the nature of the soil, the application method (pre- or post-emergence, seed dressing, application in the sowing furrow, no-cultivation application, etc.), the crop plant, the prevailing weather conditions and the application method, application time and other factors governed by the target crop. For foliar or irrigation application, the combinations and compositions of the invention are generally applied in amounts of 1 to 2000 g / ha, in particular 5 to 1000 g / ha. For seed treatment, the application rates are generally 0.0005 to 150 g per 100 kg of seeds.

[0128] The combinations and compositions of the present invention can be used in combination with other pesticides, including other pesticides such as insecticides, acaricides, nematicides, fungicides, etc., or agents that enhance the activity of the compositions of the present invention, for example in chemical treatment or pest control programs. The combinations may further have unexpected advantages that may be described as synergistic effects.

[0129] Suitable other pesticides are, for example, pesticides of the following classes of active ingredients: organophosphates, nitrophenol derivatives, thioureas, juvenile hormones, formamidines, benzophenone derivatives, urea, pyrrole derivatives, carbamates, pyrethroids, chlorinated hydrocarbons, acylurea, pyridylmethyleneamino derivatives, macrolides, benzoylureas, neonicotinoids and biological agents such as Bacillus thurigiensis strains or bacterial-derived pesticides such as spinosad, avermectins and Cry proteins.

[0130] The compositions of the present invention may be applied to dicotyledonous or monocotyledonous crops. Useful plant crops for which the compositions of the present invention can be used include berry plants, such as blackberries, blueberries, cranberries, raspberries and strawberries; cereals, such as barley, corn (corn), millet, oats, rice, rye, sorghum, triticale and wheat; fiber plants, such as cotton, flax, hemp, jute and sisal; crops, such as sugar and fodder beets, coffee, hops, mustard, oilseed rape (canola), poppy, sugarcane, sunflower, tea and tobacco; fruit trees, such as apple, apricot, avocado, banana, cherry, citrus, nectarine, peach, pear and plum; pasture plants, such as bermudagrass, strawberry bush, bentgrass, centipede grass, fescue, ryegrass, lawn grass and lawn grass; herbs such as dill, borage, chives, coriander, lavender, lovage, mint, oregano, parsley, rosemary, sage and thyme; legumes such as beans, lentils, peas and soybeans; nuts such as almonds, cashews, groundnuts, hazelnuts, peanuts, pecans, pistachios and walnuts; palms such as oil palm; ornamental plants such as flowers, shrubs and trees; other trees such as cocoa, coconut, olives and rubber; vegetables such as asparagus, eggplant, broccoli, cabbage, carrots, cucumber, garlic, lettuce, squash, melon, okra, onion, pepper, potato, pumpkin, rhubarb, spinach and tomato; and perennial and annual crops such as vines, e.g.

[0131] Crops are to be understood as those which are naturally occurring, which have been obtained by conventional breeding methods or which have been obtained by genetic engineering, including crops which have so-called output traits (e.g. improved storage stability, high nutritional value and improved flavor).

[0132] Crops should also be understood to include crops that have been made resistant to herbicides such as bromoxynil or herbicide classes such as ALS-, EPSPS-, GS-, HPPD- and PPO-inhibitors. An example of a crop that has been made resistant to imidazolinones, such as imazamox, by traditional breeding methods is Clearfield® summer canola. Examples of crops that have been made resistant to herbicides by genetic engineering methods include, for example, glyphosate- and glufosinate-resistant corn varieties available under the trade names RoundupReady®, Herculex I® and LibertyLink®.

[0133] It should also be understood that crop plants are naturally or conferred resistance to harmful insects. This includes plants that have been transformed, for example by using recombinant DNA techniques, to have the ability to synthesize one or more selectively acting toxins, such as those known to be derived from toxin-producing bacteria. Examples of toxins that can be expressed include d-endotoxins, plant insecticidal proteins (Vips), insecticidal proteins of nematode symbiotic bacteria, and toxins produced by scorpions, arachnids, wasps and fungi.

[0134] An example of a crop modified to express Bacillus thuringiensis toxins is Bt maize KnockOut (Syngenta Seeds). An example of a crop containing two or more genes encoding insecticide resistance and thus expressing two or more toxins is VipCot® (Syngenta Seeds). A crop or its seed material can also be resistant to multiple pests (so-called overlapping transgenic events when formed by genetic modification). For example, a plant can be herbicide resistant and at the same time capable of expressing insecticidal proteins, for example Herculex I® (Dow AgroSciences, Pioneer Hi-Bred International).

[0135] Typically, in managing a crop, a grower will use one or more other agronomic chemicals or biological agents in addition to the compositions of the present invention.

[0136] The present invention also provides the use of a combination or composition as defined above for controlling insect, and / or acarina, and / or nematode pests.

[0137] According to the above specific embodiment of the present invention, the combination of compound A-1 and a compound selected from compounds B-35 to B-37 is useful for controlling parasites in or on the body of an animal. The present invention further provides the use of such combinations in controlling endoparasites and ectoparasites in animals.

[0138] The term "control", when used in the context of parasites in or on an animal, refers to the reduction of pest or parasite numbers, the elimination of pests or parasites and / or the prevention of further pest or parasite infestation.

[0139] The term "treatment" when used in the context of parasites in or on an animal refers to inhibiting, slowing, halting or reversing the progression or severity of an existing condition or disease.

[0140] The term "prevention," when used in the context of parasites in or on an animal, refers to the avoidance of the onset of symptoms or disease in an animal.

[0141] The term "animal", when used in the context of parasites in or on an animal, can refer to mammals and non-mammals such as birds or fish. In the case of mammals, it can be a human or non-human mammal. Non-human mammals include, but are not limited to, livestock animals and companion animals. Livestock animals include, but are not limited to, cows, camelids, pigs, sheep, goats, and horses. Companion animals include, but are not limited to, dogs, cats, and rabbits.

[0142] A "parasite" is a pest that lives in or on a host animal and benefits by obtaining nutrients at the expense of the host animal. An "endoparasite" is a parasite that lives inside the host animal. An "ectoparasite" is a parasite that lives on the host animal. Ectoparasites include, but are not limited to, acarids, insects, nematodes, and crustaceans (e.g., fish lice). The subclass Acarina (or order Acarina) includes ticks and mites. Ticks include, but are not limited to, members of the following genera: Rhipicaphalus, such as Rhipicaphalus (Boophilus) microplus and Rhipicephalus sanguineus; Amblyomma; Dermacentor; Haemaphysalis; Hyalomma; Ixodes; Rhipicentor; Margaropus; Argas; Otobius; and Ornithodoros. Mites include, but are not limited to, members of the following genera: Chorioptes, such as Chorioptes bovis; Psoroptes, such as Psoroptes ovis; Cheyletiella; Dermanyssus, such as Dermanyssus gallinae; Ortnithonyssus; Demodex, such as Demodex canis; Sarcoptes, such as Sarcoptes scabiei; and Psorergates. Insects include, but are not limited to, members of the following orders: Siphonaptera, Diptera, Gnathagona, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Homoptera.Members of the order Siphonaptera include, but are not limited to, Ctenocephalides felis and Ctenocephatides canis. Members of the order Diptera include, but are not limited to, Musca spp.; botflies, such as Gasterophilus intestinalis and Oestrus ovis; stable flies; horseflies, such as Haematopota spp. and Tabunus spp.; haematobia, such as haematobia irritans; Stomoxys; Lucilia; midges; and mosquitoes. Members of the order Chestnutidae include, but are not limited to, sucking and biting lice, such as the sheep body louse (Bovicola Ovis) and the cattle body louse (Bovicola Bovis).

[0143] When used in relation to parasites in or on an animal, the term "effective amount" refers to an amount or dosage of the compound of the present invention or its salt that, in one or more doses administered to an animal, produces the desired effect in or on the animal. An effective amount can be easily determined by the attending diagnostician, as one skilled in the art, by using known techniques and observing results obtained under analogous circumstances. In determining an effective amount, the attending diagnostician will take into account a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the mammalian species; its size, age and general health; the parasite and the level of infestation to be controlled; the specific disease or disorder involved; the degree of complication or severity of the disease or disorder; the individual's response; the specific compound administered; the mode of administration; the bioavailability characteristics of the administered preparation; the selected dosage regimen; the use of concomitant drugs; and other relevant circumstances.

[0144] The combination of the present invention may be administered to animals by any route that has the desired effect, including, but not limited to, topical, oral, parenteral and subcutaneous. Topical administration is preferred. Formulations suitable for topical administration include, for example, solutions, emulsions and suspensions, and may be in the form of pour-on, spot-on, spray-on, spray lace or dip. Alternatively, the compound of the present invention may be administered by ear tag or collar.

[0145] Salt forms of the compounds of the present invention include both pharma- ceutically and veterinarily acceptable salts, which may differ from agronomically acceptable salts.

[0146] Pharmaceutically and veterinarily acceptable salts and the general methodology for preparing them are well known in the art. For example, see Gould, PL, "Salt selection for basic drugs", International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 33:201-217 (1986); Bastin, RJ, et al. "Salt Selection and Optimization Procedures for Pharmaceutical New Chemical Entities", Organic Process Research and Development, 4:427-435 (2000); and Berge, SM, et al., "Pharmaceutical Salts", Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 66:1-19, (1977). Those skilled in the art of synthesis will understand that the compounds of the present invention can be easily converted to salts such as hydrochloride salts and isolated as such salts using techniques and conditions well known to those skilled in the art. In addition, those skilled in the art of synthesis will understand that the compounds of the present invention can be easily converted from the corresponding salts to the corresponding free bases and isolated as such salts.

[0147] The term "seed treatment" generally refers to the application of a material to a seed before or during planting in soil to improve the handling characteristics of the seed, protect the seed before emergence, support germination, and / or support the resulting plant growth. Some seed treatments are employed solely for the purpose of improving the handling characteristics or other physical characteristics of the seed and do not contain any agriculturally relevant active ingredients. Other seed treatments bind one or more active ingredients to the seed for various beneficial purposes. For example, seed treatments containing one or more active ingredients are usually used to ensure uniform seedling establishment by protecting against soil-borne diseases and insects. Typical examples include the application of pesticides such as fungicides, insecticides, and plant growth regulators. Systemic seed treatments may eliminate or at least reduce the need for traditional blanket sprays of foliar fungicides or insecticides for certain early wind-borne diseases and insects.

[0148] The seed treatment mixture may also contain or be applied together and / or sequentially with further active compounds. These further compounds may be fertilizers or trace element donors or other preparations that affect plant growth, such as inoculants.

[0149] Component (A) is present in the formulation in an insecticidally effective amount, e.g., from 1% to about 60% by weight, based on the total weight of the seed treatment mixture. The or each compound of component (B) is present in an insecticidally or fungicidally effective amount, e.g., from about 1% to about 60% by weight, based on the total weight of the seed treatment mixture.

[0150] Components (A) and (B) may be applied to the seeds either sequentially or simultaneously.

[0151] The seed treatment may comprise further components, such as further fungicidal, insecticidal, acaricidal and / or nematicidal ingredients. In a further embodiment, the active component further comprises other active ingredients.

[0152] The seed treatment mixture may additionally contain some amount of non-active ingredients. For example, the active components may include surfactants, solvents (e.g., water and / or other solvents), thickeners, preservatives (including fungicides and other biocides), wetting agents, antifreeze components, defoamer components, and, where appropriate, colorants or other additives.

[0153] The seed treatment mixture can be applied to the seeds in a variety of ways conventional in the art of seed treatment, including, but not limited to, mixing in a container (e.g., bottle, bag, or tumbler), mechanical application, rolling, spraying, and soaking, followed by drying. Examples of seed dressing techniques and machines that can be employed include fluidized bed techniques, roller mill methods, rotary seed treaters, drum coaters, side vended pans, tumble mixers, and spouted beds. The seeds may be pre-sized before coating. In one embodiment, the seed treatment mixture is applied to the seeds in a Hege seed treater, which rotates as the formulation is added to the seeds. Preferably, mixing is continued until the seed treatment mixture is evenly distributed on the seeds (i.e., uniform coating on all of the seeds to be treated and uniform coating on each individual seed). The seed treatment mixture can be applied to the seeds in a batch treatment process or in a continuous treatment process. In a typical batch treatment process, the seeds to be treated are placed in a batch treatment tank, and then the seed treatment mixture is added and mixed with the seeds. Alternatively, the seed treatment mixture can be applied to the seeds using a continuous treatment process, where a stream of seeds is introduced into a receptacle containing the seed treatment slurry and, after contact with the formulation, is withdrawn from the receptacle for drying. The seed treatment mixture stream can also be continuously flowed into the receptacle to replenish the amount of mixture removed with the treated seeds.

[0154] After application of the seed treatment mixture (whether a batch or continuous process), the seeds are subjected to drying for a period of time. For example, the seeds can be dried by rolling in a bowl for a period of time, for example, at least 15 seconds. Different times may be required for variations in drying conditions due to climate or different seed sizes. Also, heat can be applied, for example in the form of a heated air stream, if desired, to improve drying time. After drying, the coated seeds can be subjected to a size sorting or classification process.

[0155] As used herein, the term "seed" refers to any dormant stage of a plant that is physically separated from the vegetative stage of the plant and / or that can be stored for an extended period of time and / or used to re-grow other plants of the same species. Here, the term "dormant" refers to a state in which the plant retains viability, within reason, in the absence of light, water and / or nutrients that are essential for the vegetative (i.e. non-seed) stage. In particular, the term refers to seeds in the true sense and does not include plant vegetative propagules such as suckers, corms, bulbs, fruits, tubers, grains, cuttings and buds.

[0156] In one embodiment, the seeds treated as described herein include seeds of corn, wheat, barley, oats, rye, spelt, soybean, rapeseed, rice, sugar beet, cotton, millet varieties such as Sorghum, oil plants such as sunflower, bean, pea, canola, rapeseed, soybean, cabbage, tomato, eggplant (spinach), pepper and other vegetables and spices, and ornamental shrubs and flowers.Suitable target crops also include transgenic crop plants of the above.In one embodiment, the seeds are from corn, wheat, barley, soybean or rapeseed.

[0157] The seed treatment method described herein can be applied to seeds in any physiological state, but preferably the seeds are in a sufficiently durable state that no significant damage occurs during the treatment process. Typically, the seeds are harvested from the field; removed from the plant; and / or separated from the fruit and any cobs, pods, stalks, husks and surrounding flesh or other non-seed plant materials. It is also preferred that the seeds are biologically stable to the extent that the treatment does not biologically damage the seeds. In one embodiment, for example, the treatment can be applied to seeds that have been harvested, washed, and dried to a moisture content of less than about 15% by weight. In an alternative embodiment, the seeds can be dried, then pre-treated with water and / or other materials, and then dried again before or during treatment with the seed treatment mixture described herein. In one embodiment, the seeds to be treated are therefore substantially dry. As used herein, "substantially dry" refers to a seed having a moisture content that results when the seed is equilibrated in an air atmosphere of 20-30°C and 30-90% relative humidity, for example, 25°C and 50% relative humidity.

[0158] The seed treatment mixture can be applied to the seeds at any time from harvesting the seeds to sowing the seeds in the ground for plant germination and cultivation. For example, the treatment can be carried out several weeks or several months, for example up to 12 months, before planting the seeds without any substantial reduction in efficacy, for example in the form of a seed dressing treatment. The seeds can be treated, for example, at a collection site, and then distributed for planting. This allows the person planting the seeds to avoid handling and using the active ingredient, and only has to handle and plant the treated seeds in the conventional manner for normal untreated seeds, thereby reducing human exposure.

[0159] The compositions according to the invention are effective against harmful microorganisms, such as those causing phytopathogenic diseases, in particular against phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria. The compositions according to the invention are particularly effective against phytopathogenic fungi belonging to the following classes: Ascomycota (e.g. Venturia, Podosphaera, Erysiphe, Monilinia, Mycosphaerella, Uncinula); Basidiomycota (e.g. Hemileia, Rhizoctonia, Phakopsora, Puccinia, Ustilago, Tilletia); Fungi imperfecti (Deuteromycetes; e.g. Botrytis, Helminthosporium, etc.); inthosporium, Rhynchosporium, Fusarium, Zymoseptoria, Cercospora, Alternaria, Pyricularia and Pseudocercosporella; Oomycetes (e.g., Phytophthora, Peronospora, Pseudoperonospora, Albugo, Bremia, Pythium, Pseudosclerospora, Plasmopara).

[0160] The composition according to the present invention is effective in preventing and treating the infection of Alternaria spp., Ascochyta spp., Botrytis cinerea, Cercospora spp., Claviceps purpurea, Cochliobolus sativus, Colletotrichum spp., Epicoccum spp., Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium purpurea ... solani, Fusarium subglutinans, Gaeumannomyces graminis, Helminthosporium spp., Microdochium nivale, Phoma spp., Pyrenophora graminea, Pyricularia oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani, Rhizoctonia cerealis, Sclerotinia spp., Zymoseptoria spp., Sphacelotheca reilliana, Tilletia spp.), Typhula incarnata, Urocystis occulta, Ustilago spp. or Verticillium spp.) and soil-borne diseases such as cereals, wheat, barley, rye or oats; maize; rice; cotton; soybean; turf; sugar beet; oilseed rape; potato; cereals such as pea, lentil or chickpea; and sunflower.

[0161] The composition according to the invention is preferably an effective active ingredient in the treatment of diseases caused by Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum musae, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium semitecum, Geotrichum candidum, Monilinia fructicola, Monilinia fructigena, Monilinia laxa, Mucor piriformis, Penicillium italicum, Penicillium solitum, Penicillium digitatum or Penicillium exopansum. expansum), in particular against pathogens of pome fruits, e.g. apple and pear, stone fruits, e.g. peaches and plums, citrus fruits, melons, papayas, kiwi, mango, berries, e.g. strawberries, avocados, pomegranates and bananas, and also against pathogens of nuts and fruits.

[0162] The compositions according to the invention are particularly useful for controlling the following diseases in the following crops: Alternaria spp. in fruits and vegetables and potato; Botrytis cinerea in strawberry, tomato, sunflower, cereals, vegetables and grapes; Rhizoctonia solani in potato and vegetables, Uncinula necator in grapes, Cladosporium cucumerinum, Didymella bryoniae, Sphaerotheca fuliginea and Glomerella lagenarium in cucurbits, Leveillula taurica in cucurbits and solanaceous crops, Fusarium spp. in cereals. spp. in cereals, Leptosphaeria spp. in cereals, Septoria spp. in cereals, Zymoseptoria tritici, Septoria spp. in oil crops, Septoria glycines, Cercospora spp. in tomatoes, legumes, peanuts and oil crops, Mycosphaerella arachidicola in peanuts or Cercospora sojinae and Cercospora kikuchii in soybeans.

[0163] A synergistic effect exists whenever the action of a combination of active ingredients is greater than the sum of the actions of the individual components. The estimated action E for a given combination of active ingredients can be calculated according to the so-called Colby formula as follows (COLBY, SR “Calculating synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combination”. Weeds, Vol. 15, pages 20-22 1967): ppm = milligrams of active ingredient per liter (ai) X=% effect of the first active ingredient using p ppm of active ingredient Y=% effect of the second active ingredient using q ppm of active ingredient.

[0164] According to Colby, the estimated (additive) effect of active ingredients A + B when p + q ppm of active ingredients is:

number

[0165] If the actual observed effect O is higher than the estimated effect E, the combined effect is superadditive, i.e. there is a synergistic effect. From a mathematical point of view, synergy corresponds to a positive value of the difference (OE). If the activity is purely complementary additive (estimated activity), the difference (OE) is zero. If the difference (OE) is a negative value, it indicates a loss of activity compared to the estimated activity.

[0166] Table 1 lists certain preferred combinations for controlling or preventing damage to plants. Table 1 lists exemplary application rates and describes the application rates for each of the specified compounds forming component (A), the compound of formula (A-1) and component (B). The application rates are listed in grams per hectare. Table 1 also lists important pests for which the combination is particularly effective and important crops for which the combination of the present invention is particularly advantageous. Each combination of components (A) and (B) and each combination of pests and crops are individually exemplified by Table 1.

[0167] [Table 9-1] [Table 9-2] [Table 9-3] [Table 9-4] [Table 9-5] [Table 9-6] [Table 9-7] [Table 9-8] [Table 9-9] [Table 9-10] [Table 9-11] [Table 9-12]

Table 9-13

Table 9-14

Table 9-15

Table 9-16

Table 9-17

Table 9-18

Table 9-19

Table 9-20

Table 9-21

Table 9-22

Table 9-23

Table 9-24

Table 9-25

Table 9-26

Table 9-27

Table 9-28

Table 9-29

[0168] In a further aspect of the invention, a combination is provided comprising, as component (A), a compound of formula A-1 and, as component (B), one or more selected from B-1, B-2, B-3, B-4, B-5, B-6, B-7, B-8, B-9, B-10, B-11, B-12, B-13, B-14, B-15, B-16, B-17, B-18, B-41, B-42, B-43, B-44, B-45, B-46, B-47 and B-48. Also provided is a method for controlling or preventing damage to plants, comprising the step of applying to the plant, its habitat or its propagation material, in any desired order or simultaneously, a combination as defined in this paragraph.

[0169] Table 2 lists specific combinations for controlling or preventing infestations on animals. Table 2 also lists important pests for which the combinations are particularly effective and important crops for which the combinations of the present invention are particularly advantageous. Each of the combinations of components (A) and (B) and each of the animal and pest combinations are individually exemplified by Table 2.

[0170] [Table 10]

[0171] Table 3 lists certain combinations for seed treatment, as well as important pests for which the combinations are particularly effective, and important seed species for which the combinations of the present invention are particularly advantageous as seed treatments. Table 3 lists exemplary application rates and provides application rates for each of the identified compounds forming component (A), the compound of formula (A-1), and component (B). Application rates are provided in milligrams per seed. Each combination of components (A) and (B), as well as each seed, application range, and pest, are individually exemplified in Table 3.

[0172] [Table 11-1] [Table 11-2] [Table 11-3] [Table 11-4] [Table 11-5] [Table 11-6] [Table 11-7] [Table 11-8] [Table 11-9] [Table 11-10] [Table 11-11] [Table 11-12]

Table 11-13

Table 11-14

Table 11-15

Table 11-16

Table 11-17

Table 11-18

Table 11-19

Table 11-20

Table 11-21

Table 11-22

Table 11-23

Table 11-24

Table 11-25

[0173] Table 4 lists certain combinations for seed treatment and important seed species for which the combination of the present invention is particularly advantageous as a seed treatment. Table 4 lists exemplary application rates and lists the application rates for each of the specified compounds forming component (A), the compound of formula (A-1), and component (B). The application rates are listed in grams per kg of seed. Each combination of components (A) and (B), as well as the application rate ranges and seeds, are individually exemplified in Table 4.

[0174] [Table 12-1] [Table 12-2] [Table 12-3] [Table 12-4] [Table 12-5] [Table 12-6] [Table 12-7] [Table 12-8] [Table 12-9] [Table 12-10] [Table 12-11]

[0175] Biological Examples The synergistic biological activity of the combination of components (A) and (B) disclosed herein was evaluated using the Spodoptera littoralis (Egyptian armyworm) feeding / contact activity assay. Cotton leaf discs were placed on agar in 24-well microtiter plates and sprayed with aqueous test solutions prepared from a 10,000 ppm DMSO stock solution. After drying, the leaf discs were infested with L1 larvae. Samples were evaluated for mortality 3 days after infestation.

[0176] [Table 13]

[0177] [Table 14]

[0178] [Table 15]

[0179] [Table 16]

[0180] [Table 17]

[0181] [Table 18]

[0182] [Table 19]

[0183] [Table 20]

Claims

1. As the component (A), a compound of formula (A-1): 【Chemistry 1】 or a salt thereof; And as component (B): B-1 4-dimethyl-2-[2-(3-pyridyl)indazol-5-yl]-1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5-dione (CAS 2171099-09-3) B-2 N-[4-chloro-2-(3-pyridyl)thiazol-5-yl]-N-ethyl-3-methylsulfonyl-propanamide (CAS 1255091-74-7) B-3 N-[3-chloro-1-(3-pyridyl)pyrazol-4-yl]-2-methylsulfonyl-propanamide (CAS 2396747-83-2) B-4 Indazapiroxameth (CAS 1689545-27-4) B-5 Phenmezodithiaz (CAS 2413390-32-4) B-6 3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate (CAS 2413839-57-1) B-7 (3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-oleate enolate tautomer (CAS 2413839-58-2) B-8 (3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate diketone (CAS 2246757-58-2) B-9 2-(5-cyclopropyl-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-5-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3-benzoxazole (CAS 2128706-05-6) B-10 6-(5-cyclopropyl-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-2,2-difluoro-7-methyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]benzimidazole (CAS 2408220-91-5) B-11 1-[6-(2,2-difluoro-7-methyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]benzimidazol-6-yl)-5-ethylsulfonyl-3-pyridyl]cyclopropanecarbonitrile (CAS 2408220-94-8) B-12 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 2133042-31-4) B-13 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 2133042-44-9) B-14 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 1990457-52-7) B-15 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-7-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 1990457-55-0) B-16 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-pyridyl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 1808115-49-2) B-17 2-(3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-5-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxy)pyrazine (CAS 2095470-94-1) B-18 (2Z)-2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(R)-2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfinyl]phenyl]imino-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thiazolidin-4-one (CAS 2377084-09-6) B-19 2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(R)-2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfinyl]phenyl]imino-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thiazolidin-4-one (CAS 1445684-82-1) B-20 2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfinyl)phenyl]imino-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thiazolidin-4-one (CAS 1445683-71-5) B-21 1-(2-cyanoethyl)-4-oxo-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-1-ium-2-olate (CAS 2032403-97-5) B-22 Fluchlordiniliprole (CAS 2129147-03-9) B-23 Thiolantraniliprole (CAS 1442448-92-1) B-24 Spirobudifen (CAS 1305319-70-3) B-25 Flupentiophenox (CAS 1472050-04-6) B-26 1-fluoro-2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfanyl)phenyl]-5-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfanyl)benzene (CAS 1922957-45-6) B-27 Sietopyrafen (CAS 1253429-01-4) B-28 N-[[2-fluoro-4-[2-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (CAS 2044701-44-0) B-29 (S)—N-[[2-fluoro-4-[2-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (CAS 1365070-72-9) B-30 Nicofluprole (CAS 1771741-86-6) B-31 Ciproflanilide (CAS 2375110-88-4) B-32 5-[[trans-3-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2,2-dichloro-cyclopropanecarbonyl]amino]-2-chloro-N-[3-[(2,2-difluoroacetyl)amino]-2,4-difluoro-phenyl]benzamide (CAS 2220132-55-6) B-33 Trifluenfuronate (CAS 2074661-82-6) B-34 3,4,4-trifluorobut-3-enyl 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-oxo-tetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylate (CAS 2094595-23-8) B-35 Selamectin (CAS 220119-17-5) B-36 Doramectin (CAS 117704-25-3) B-37 Tigoranel (CAS 1621436-41-6) B-38 Clothianidin B-39 Triflumezopyrin B-40 Acetamiprid B-41 Thiamethoxam B-42 Tetraniliprol B-43 Chlorantraniliprole B-44 Cyantraniliprole B-45 Bifenthrin B-46 α-cypermethrin B-47 Cypermethrin B-48 Lambda-Cyhalothrin B-49 Imidacloprid B-50 Flupyradifurone B-51 Thiacloprid B-52 Sulfoxaflor B-53 Nitenpyram B-54 Flubendiamide B-55 Indoxacarb B-56 Cyfluthrin B-57 Deltamethrin B-58 Acrinathrin B-59 γ-cyhalothrin B-60 ζ-cypermethrin B-61 Permethrin B-62 Fenpropathrin B-63 Fenvalerate B-64 Esfenvalerate B-65 Spidoxamato (CAS 907187-07-9) B-66 Oxathiapiproline B-67 Iprodione B-68 Fludioxonil B-69 Mefenoxam or metalaxyl-m B-70 Metalaxyl B-71 Penflufen B-72 Fluindapir B-73 Penthiopyrad B-74 Flametpyr B-75 Pydiflumetofen B-76 Sedaxane B-77 Thiabendazole B-78 Mefentrifluconazole B-79 Prothioconazole B-80 Triticonazole B-81 Frutoria Hall B-82 Difenconazole B-83 Ipconazole B-84 Azoxystrobin B-85 Fluoxastrobin B-86 Picarbutrazox B-87 Amisulbrom B-88 Cyazofamid B-89 Hymexazole B-90 Fluopicolide B-91 Fluoxapiprolin B-92 Cyprodinil B-93 Chiram B-94 Florylpicoxamide B-95 Fenamidon B-96 Famoxadone B-97 Oxadixyl B-98 Acibenzolar-S-methyl B-99 Boscalid B-100 Bixaphen B-101 Fluopyram B-102 Fluxapyroxad B-103 Isoflucipram B-104 Flutolanil B-105 Pyraziflumid B-106 Pyrapropoin B-107 Inpirfluxam B-108 Carboxin B-109 Zoxamide B-110 Thiophanate-methyl B-111 Ethaboxam B-112 Dimethomorph B-113 Metconazole B-114 Prochloraz B-115 Tebuconazole B-116 Triadimenol B-117 Fluquinconazole B-118 Myclobutanil B-119 Imazalil B-120 Oxpoconazole B-121 Cyproconazole B-122 Pyraclostrobin B-123 Picoxystrobin B-124 Enestrobin B-125 Phenaminostrobin B-126 Mandestrobin B-127 Methyltetraprole B-128 Fluazinam B-129 Quinofumelin B-130 Cyflufenamid B-131 Ipflufenoquine B-132 Cymoxanil B-133 Ginpropylidaz and B-134 Afidopiropen or an N-oxide or an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof. A composition comprising:

2. 10. The composition of claim 1, comprising the compound of formula A-1 in enantiomerically enriched, substantially enantiomerically pure, or enantiomerically pure form.

3. The weight ratio of (A) to (B) is, by weight, 5000:1 to 1:5000, 4000:1 to 1:4000, 2000:1 to 1:2000, 1000:1 to 1:1000, 500:1 to 1:500, 250:1 to 1:250, 200:1 to 1:200, 125:1 to 1:125, 100:1 to 1:100, 80:1 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the hydroxyl group is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ...

4. 1. A method for controlling or preventing damage caused to plants by insect, acarina and / or nematode pests and / or fungal pathogens, comprising administering to the plant, its habitat or its propagation material, in any desired order or simultaneously, as component (A), a compound of formula (A-1): 【Chemistry 2】 or an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof; And as the component (B), B-1 4-dimethyl-2-[2-(3-pyridyl)indazol-5-yl]-1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5-dione (CAS 2171099-09-3) B-2 N-[4-chloro-2-(3-pyridyl)thiazol-5-yl]-N-ethyl-3-methylsulfonyl-propanamide (CAS 1255091-74-7) B-3 N-[3-chloro-1-(3-pyridyl)pyrazol-4-yl]-2-methylsulfonyl-propanamide (CAS 2396747-83-2) B-4 Indazapiroxameth (CAS 1689545-27-4) B-5 Phenmezodithiaz (CAS 2413390-32-4) B-6 3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate (CAS 2413839-57-1) B-7 (3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-oleate enolate tautomer (CAS 2413839-58-2) B-8 (3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate diketone (CAS 2246757-58-2) B-9 2-(5-cyclopropyl-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-5-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3-benzoxazole (CAS 2128706-05-6) B-10 6-(5-cyclopropyl-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-2,2-difluoro-7-methyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]benzimidazole (CAS 2408220-91-5) B-11 1-[6-(2,2-difluoro-7-methyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]benzimidazol-6-yl)-5-ethylsulfonyl-3-pyridyl]cyclopropanecarbonitrile (CAS 2408220-94-8) B-12 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 2133042-31-4) B-13 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 2133042-44-9) B-14 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 1990457-52-7) B-15 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-7-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 1990457-55-0) B-16 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-pyridyl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 1808115-49-2) B-17 2-(3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-5-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxy)pyrazine (CAS 2095470-94-1) B-18 (2Z)-2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(R)-2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfinyl]phenyl]imino-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thiazolidin-4-one (CAS 2377084-09-6) B-19 2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-[(R)-2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfinyl]phenyl]imino-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thiazolidin-4-one (CAS 1445684-82-1) B-20 2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfinyl)phenyl]imino-3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thiazolidin-4-one (CAS 1445683-71-5) B-21 1-(2-cyanoethyl)-4-oxo-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-1-ium-2-olate (CAS 2032403-97-5) B-22 Fluchlordiniliprole (CAS 2129147-03-9) B-23 Thiolantraniliprole (CAS 1442448-92-1) B-24 Spirobudifen (CAS 1305319-70-3) B-25 Flupentiophenox (CAS 1472050-04-6) B-26 1-fluoro-2-[2-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfanyl)phenyl]-5-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethylsulfanyl)benzene (CAS 1922957-45-6) B-27 Sietopyrafen (CAS 1253429-01-4) B-28 N-[[2-fluoro-4-[2-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (CAS 2044701-44-0) B-29 (S)—N-[[2-fluoro-4-[2-hydroxy-3-(3,4,5-trichlorophenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]phenyl]methyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide (CAS 1365070-72-9) B-30 Nicofluprole (CAS 1771741-86-6) B-31 Ciproflanilide (CAS 2375110-88-4) B-32 5-[[trans-3-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-2,2-dichloro-cyclopropanecarbonyl]amino]-2-chloro-N-[3-[(2,2-difluoroacetyl)amino]-2,4-difluoro-phenyl]benzamide (CAS 2220132-55-6) B-33 Trifluenfuronate (CAS 2074661-82-6) B-34 3,4,4-trifluorobut-3-enyl 2-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-oxo-tetrahydrofuran-3-carboxylate (CAS 2094595-23-8) B-35 Selamectin (CAS 220119-17-5) B-36 Doramectin (CAS 117704-25-3) B-37 Tigoranel (CAS 1621436-41-6) B-38 Clothianidin B-39 Triflumezopyrin B-40 Acetamiprid B-41 Thiamethoxam B-42 Tetraniliprol B-43 Chlorantraniliprole B-44 Cyantraniliprole B-45 Bifenthrin B-46 α-cypermethrin B-47 Cypermethrin B-48 Lambda-Cyhalothrin B-49 Imidacloprid B-50 Flupyradifurone B-51 Thiacloprid B-52 Sulfoxaflor B-53 Nitenpyram B-54 Flubendiamide B-55 Indoxacarb B-56 Cyfluthrin B-57 Deltamethrin B-58 Acrinathrin B-59 γ-cyhalothrin B-60 ζ-cypermethrin B-61 Permethrin B-62 Fenpropathrin B-63 Fenvalerate B-64 Esfenvalerate B-65 Spidoxamato (CAS 907187-07-9) B-66 Oxathiapiproline B-67 Iprodione B-68 Fludioxonil B-69 Mefenoxam or metalaxyl-m B-70 Metalaxyl B-71 Penflufen B-72 Fluindapir B-73 Penthiopyrad B-74 Flametpyr B-75 Pydiflumetofen B-76 Sedaxane B-77 Thiabendazole B-78 Mefentrifluconazole B-79 Prothioconazole B-80 Triticonazole B-81 Frutoria Hall B-82 Difenconazole B-83 Ipconazole B-84 Azoxystrobin B-85 Fluoxastrobin B-86 Picarbutrazox B-87 Amisulbrom B-88 Cyazofamid B-89 Hymexazole B-90 Fluopicolide B-91 Fluoxapiprolin B-92 Cyprodinil B-93 Chiram B-94 Florylpicoxamide B-95 Fenamidon B-96 Famoxadone B-97 Oxadixyl B-98 Acibenzolar-S-methyl B-99 Boscalid B-100 Bixaphen B-101 Fluopyram B-102 Fluxapyroxad B-103 Isoflucipram B-104 Flutolanil B-105 Pyraziflumid B-106 Pyrapropoin B-107 Inpirfluxam B-108 Carboxin B-109 Zoxamide B-110 Thiophanate-methyl B-111 Ethaboxam B-112 Dimethomorph B-113 Metconazole B-114 Prochloraz B-115 Tebuconazole B-116 Triadimenol B-117 Fluquinconazole B-118 Myclobutanil B-119 Imazalil B-120 Oxpoconazole B-121 Cyproconazole B-122 Pyraclostrobin B-123 Picoxystrobin B-124 Enestrobin B-125 Phenaminostrobin B-126 Mandestrobin B-127 Methyltetraprole B-128 Fluazinam B-129 Quinofumelin B-130 Cyflufenamid B-131 Ipflufenoquine B-132 Cymoxanil B-133 Ginpropylidaz and B-134 Afidopiropen or an N-oxide or an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof. applying a combination comprising:

5. The weight ratio of (A) to (B) is, by weight, 5000:1 to 1:5000, 4000:1 to 1:4000, 2000:1 to 1:2000, 1000:1 to 1:1000, 500:1 to 1:500, 250:1 to 1:250, 200:1 to 1:200, 125:1 to 1:125, 100:1 to 1:100, 80:1 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the hydroxyl / hydroxybenzoate ratio is 1:1 or less, 1:80, 62.5:1 to 1:62.5, 50:1 to 1:50, 31.25:1 to 1:31.25, 20:1 to 1:20, 10:1 to 1:10, 8:1 to 1:8, or 5:1 to 1:5, 3:1 to 1:3, 2:1 to 1:2, 1.25:1 to 1:1.25, preferably 1:

1.

6. 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the application rate of component (A) is from 1 to 2000 g / ha, in particular from 10 to 1000 g / ha, more in particular from 20 to 200 g / ha; and the application rate of the or each compound of component (B) is from 1 to 2000 g / ha, in particular from 10 to 1000 g / ha, more in particular from 20 to 200 g / ha.

7. 1. A method for controlling or preventing damage caused to plants by insect, acarina and / or nematode pests and / or fungal pathogens, comprising administering to seeds, in any desired order or simultaneously, as component (A), a compound of formula (A-1): 【Transformation 3】 or an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof; And as the component (B), B-5 Phenmezodithiaz (CAS 2413390-32-4) B-6 3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate (CAS 2413839-57-1) B-7 (3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-oleate enolate tautomer (CAS 2413839-58-2) B-8 (3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate diketone (CAS 2246757-58-2) B-9 2-(5-cyclopropyl-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-5-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3-benzoxazole (CAS 2128706-05-6) B-10 6-(5-cyclopropyl-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-2,2-difluoro-7-methyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]benzimidazole (CAS 2408220-91-5) B-11 1-[6-(2,2-difluoro-7-methyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]benzimidazol-6-yl)-5-ethylsulfonyl-3-pyridyl]cyclopropanecarbonitrile (CAS 2408220-94-8) B-12 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 2133042-31-4) B-13 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 2133042-44-9) B-14 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 1990457-52-7) B-15 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-7-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 1990457-55-0) B-16 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-pyridyl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 1808115-49-2) B-17 2-(3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-5-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxy)pyrazine (CAS 2095470-94-1) B-38 Clothianidin B-39 Triflumezopyrin B-40 Acetamiprid B-41 Thiamethoxam B-42 Tetraniliprol B-43 Chlorantraniliprole B-44 Cyantraniliprole B-49 Imidacloprid B-50 Flupyradifurone B-51 Thiacloprid B-52 Sulfoxaflor B-53 Nitenpyram B-54 Flubendiamide B-66 Oxathiapiproline B-67 Iprodione B-68 Fludioxonil B-69 Mefenoxam or metalaxyl-m B-70 Metalaxyl B-71 Penflufen B-72 Fluindapir B-73 Penthiopyrad B-74 Flametpyr B-75 Pydiflumetofen B-76 Sedaxane B-77 Thiabendazole B-78 Mefentrifluconazole B-79 Prothioconazole B-80 Triticonazole B-81 Frutoria Hall B-82 Difenconazole B-83 Ipconazole B-84 Azoxystrobin B-85 Fluoxastrobin B-86 Picarbutrazox B-87 Amisulbrom B-88 Cyazofamid B-89 Hymexazole B-90 Fluopicolide B-91 Fluoxapiprolin B-92 Cyprodinil B-93 Chiram B-94 Florylpicoxamide B-95 Fenamidon B-96 Famoxadone B-97 Oxadixyl B-98 Acibenzolar-S-methyl B-99 Boscalid B-100 Bixaphen B-101 Fluopyram B-102 Fluxapyroxad B-103 Isoflucipram B-104 Flutolanil B-105 Pyraziflumid B-106 Pyrapropoin B-107 Inpirfluxam B-108 Carboxin B-109 Zoxamide B-110 Thiophanate-methyl B-111 Ethaboxam B-112 Dimethomorph B-113 Metconazole B-114 Prochloraz B-115 Tebuconazole B-116 Triadimenol B-117 Fluquinconazole B-118 Myclobutanil B-119 Imazalil B-120 Oxpoconazole B-121 Cyproconazole B-122 Pyraclostrobin B-123 Picoxystrobin B-124 Enestrobin B-125 Phenaminostrobin B-126 Mandestrobin B-127 Methyltetraprole B-128 Fluazinam B-129 Quinofumelin B-130 Cyflufenamid B-131 Ipflufenoquine B-132 Cymoxanil and B-133 Ginpropylidaz or an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof. applying a combination comprising:

8. The method of claim 4, wherein the plant expresses or contains one or more toxins that confer resistance or tolerance to harmful insects to the plant, preferably the toxins are selected from delta-endotoxins such as Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1F, Cry1Fa2, Cry2Ab, Cry3A, Cry3Bb1 and Cry9C, plant insecticidal proteins (Vips) such as Vip1, Vip2, Vip3 and Vip3A, hybrid toxins, truncated toxins and modified toxins, more preferably selected from Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac.

9. As the component (A), a compound of formula (A-1): 【Chemistry 4】 or an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof; And as the component (B), B-5 Phenmezodithiaz (CAS 2413390-32-4) B-6 3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate (CAS 2413839-57-1) B-7 (3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-oleate enolate tautomer (CAS 2413839-58-2) B-8 (3R)-3-(2-chlorothiazol-5-yl)-8-methyl-5-oxo-6-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-8-ium-7-olate diketone (CAS 2246757-58-2) B-9 2-(5-cyclopropyl-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-5-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)-1,3-benzoxazole (CAS 2128706-05-6) B-10 6-(5-cyclopropyl-3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-2,2-difluoro-7-methyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]benzimidazole (CAS 2408220-91-5) B-11 1-[6-(2,2-difluoro-7-methyl-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-f]benzimidazol-6-yl)-5-ethylsulfonyl-3-pyridyl]cyclopropanecarbonitrile (CAS 2408220-94-8) B-12 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 2133042-31-4) B-13 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 2133042-44-9) B-14 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 1990457-52-7) B-15 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-7-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-yl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 1990457-55-0) B-16 2-[3-ethylsulfonyl-6-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2-pyridyl]-3-methyl-6-(trifluoromethyl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (CAS 1808115-49-2) B-17 2-(3-ethylsulfonyl-2-pyridyl)-5-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropoxy)pyrazine (CAS 2095470-94-1) B-38 Clothianidin B-39 Triflumezopyrin B-40 Acetamiprid B-41 Thiamethoxam B-42 Tetraniliprol B-43 Chlorantraniliprole B-44 Cyantraniliprole B-49 Imidacloprid B-50 Flupyradifurone B-51 Thiacloprid B-52 Sulfoxaflor B-53 Nitenpyram B-54 Flubendiamide B-66 Oxathiapiproline B-67 Iprodione B-68 Fludioxonil B-69 Mefenoxam or metalaxyl-m B-70 Metalaxyl B-71 Penflufen B-72 Fluindapir B-73 Penthiopyrad B-74 Flametpyr B-75 Pydiflumetofen B-76 Sedaxane B-77 Thiabendazole B-78 Mefentrifluconazole B-79 Prothioconazole B-80 Triticonazole B-81 Frutoria Hall B-82 Difenconazole B-83 Ipconazole B-84 Azoxystrobin B-85 Fluoxastrobin B-86 Picarbutrazox B-87 Amisulbrom B-88 Cyazofamid B-89 Hymexazole B-90 Fluopicolide B-91 Fluoxapiprolin B-92 Cyprodinil B-93 Chiram B-94 Florylpicoxamide B-95 Fenamidon B-96 Famoxadone B-97 Oxadixyl B-98 Acibenzolar-S-methyl B-99 Boscalid B-100 Bixaphen B-101 Fluopyram B-102 Fluxapyroxad B-103 Isoflucipram B-104 Flutolanil B-105 Pyraziflumid B-106 Pyrapropoin B-107 Inpirfluxam B-108 Carboxin B-109 Zoxamide B-110 Thiophanate-methyl B-111 Ethaboxam B-112 Dimethomorph B-113 Metconazole B-114 Prochloraz B-115 Tebuconazole B-116 Triadimenol B-117 Fluquinconazole B-118 Myclobutanil B-119 Imazalil B-120 Oxpoconazole B-121 Cyproconazole B-122 Pyraclostrobin B-123 Picoxystrobin B-124 Enestrobin B-125 Phenaminostrobin B-126 Mandestrobin B-127 Methyltetraprole B-128 Fluazinam B-129 Quinofumelin B-130 Cyflufenamid B-131 Ipflufenoquine B-132 Cymoxanil and B-133 Ginpropylidaz or an agrochemically acceptable salt thereof. A seed treatment composition comprising:

10. 10. The seed treatment composition of claim 9, comprising 0.001 to 50 g of component (A) per kg of seed, preferably 0.01 to 10 g / kg of seed or 0.01 to 10 mg / seed, more preferably 0.01 to 1 g / kg of seed or 0.01 to 1 mg / seed.

11. 10. The seed treatment composition of claim 9, comprising 0.001 to 50 g of the or each compound of component (B) per kg of seed, or 0.001 to 50 mg of the or each compound of component (B) per seed, preferably 0.01 to 10 g / kg of seed, or 0.01 to 10 mg / seed, more preferably 0.01 to 1.25 g / kg of seed, or 0.01 to 1.25 mg / seed, and most preferably 0.25 to 0.6 g / kg of seed, or 0.25 to 0.6 mg / seed.

12. 10. The seed treatment composition of claim 9, wherein the compound of formula A-1 is present in an enantiomerically enriched form, a substantially enantiomerically pure form, or an enantiomerically pure form.

13. A method for controlling or preventing infestations in animals, comprising administering to the animal, in any desired order or simultaneously, as component (A), a compound of formula (A-1): 【Transformation 5】 or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof; and as component (B), B-35 Selamectin (CAS 220119-17-5) B-36 Doramectin (CAS 117704-25-3) and B-37 Tigoranel (CAS 1621436-41-6) or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof. applying a combination comprising:

14. As the component (A), a compound of formula (A-1): 【Transformation 6】 or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof; and as component (B), B-35 Selamectin (CAS 220119-17-5) B-36 Doramectin (CAS 117704-25-3) and B-37 Tigoranel (CAS 1621436-41-6) or a pharmaceutically or veterinarily acceptable salt thereof.

10. Use of a combination comprising:

15. 13. Use of a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or 9 to 12 as an insecticide, acaricide and / or nematicide or for controlling insect, acarina and / or nematode pests.

16. 15. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 8 or claim 13 or the use according to claim 14, wherein the combination is applied sequentially or simultaneously or as a composition comprising (A) and (B).

17. 15. The method of any one of claims 4 to 8 or claim 13 or the use of claim 14, wherein the combination controls one or more pests selected from insect, acarina, nematode and fungal pests.

18. 15. The method of claims 4 to 8 or claim 13 or the use of claim 14, wherein the compound of formula A-1 is present in enantiomerically enriched, substantially enantiomerically pure, or enantiomerically pure form.

19. 13. A formulation comprising the composition of any one of claims 1-3 or 9-12, comprising 0.01 to 90% by weight of the active agent, 0 to 25% by weight of an agriculturally or pharmaceutically acceptable surfactant, and 10 to 99.9 percent by weight of solid or liquid formulation inerts and adjuvants.

20. A concentrated composition for dilution by the user, comprising a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or 9 to 12, and comprising from 2% to 80% by weight, preferably from about 5% to 70% by weight, of active agent.

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