Insulation material for cryogenic conduit systems, support element, insulated conduit system and method for insulating such a conduit system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- JP2024552788
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2022-03-07
- Filing Date
- 2023-02-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-12
Smart Images
Figure 00000000_0000_ABST
Abstract
Description
[Technical field]
[0001] In claim 1 the invention relates to an insulation material for a low-temperature conduit system.
[0002] Claim 6 relates to a support element for use with such insulation.
[0003] Claim 14 relates to an insulating conduit arrangement with such an insulation material, and claim 21 relates to a method for insulating a conduit arrangement using such an insulation material. [Background technology]
[0004] To thermally insulate cryogenic conduit arrangements, in particular for conducting liquid hydrogen, from the environment, the prior art combines vacuum insulation with so-called multi-layer insulation (MLI) in order to prevent heat conduction and convection. MLI has at least one material layer, in particular a metal layer, which is designed to prevent heat input by radiation. Typically, MLI is wrapped in layers around the inner tube of the cryogenic conduit arrangement, alternating with spacer foils. Typically, said inner tube is supported in an outer tube via so-called spacers, which ensure that there is only slight contact between the inner and outer tubes.
[0005] A drawback of the prior art is that no conduit arrangements for low-temperature applications are known to date that have a sufficiently long service life under automotive boundary conditions, i.e. boundary conditions that typically occur in automotive applications, particularly under vibration loads, which would result in wear of the MLI and displacement of the individual layers due to infinitesimal local differences in wear coefficients, with a negative effect on the thermal insulation effect.
[0006] Furthermore, if the MLI is fixed to the inner tube by wrapping, according to the prior art, this results in a continuous metal layer effective for radiation from the area of the inner tube to the area of the outer tube, which creates a fundamental problem in that a heat conduction path is formed which adversely affects the insulation effect in an unfavorable manner.
[0007] There is a need for an improved cryogenic conduit arrangement that is suitable for typical loads in the automotive field and yet has a sufficient service life. In this context, the following aspects are relevant: maintaining a vacuum in the space between the inner and outer tubes, pressureless insertion and support of the MLI, secure support of the inner tube in the outer tube, ensuring bending movements of the MLI with low wear, no destruction of the MLI due to movements, forming a geometry for a suitable evacuation of the space, and ensuring suitable auto-mountability.
[0008] The initially mentioned problem is solved according to the invention by an insulating material having the features of claim 1, a support element for use with such an insulating material according to claim 6, an insulating conduit arrangement with an insulating material according to claim 14 and also a method for insulating a conduit arrangement according to claim 21.
[0009] Advantageous developments of the invention are defined in the respective associated dependent claims.
[0010] The insulation for a cryogenic conduit apparatus according to the present invention comprises a base foil and a shielding foil, the base foil being made of a material having a low thermal conductivity, preferably of about 0.01 to 0.3 W / (m·K), the shielding foil being made to reflect radiation in the infrared range, preferably having a wavelength of 0.78 to 1000 μm, most preferably 3 to 50 μm, the shielding foil being arranged on the base foil in the form of a plurality of discontinuous portions, so that a free space remains between each two adjacent portions.
[0011] The aforementioned free spacing ensures that when the insulation is wrapped around the inner tube of the duct system, the layers of shielding foil do not extend continuously from the inside to the outside, thereby creating disadvantageous heat conduction paths.
[0012] When referring to a base foil in this document, the base foil is not limited to being in the form of a foil, but also includes other supporting materials: a foil is a flat product without holes, but within the scope of the present invention alternatively it is possible to use, for example, a net or a textile.
[0013] Whenever a shielding foil is mentioned in this document, the shielding foil is likewise not limited to being in foil form: the shielding foil may for example be formed as a (partial) coating on a base foil (or a supporting material).
[0014] Thus, a specific embodiment that can be considered could be a discontinuously metallized plastic foil.
[0015] In a first development of the insulation according to the invention, the shielding foil can be glued onto the base foil or fixed thereon by sewing, seaming or clinching, which allows the subject of the invention to be produced particularly easily and inexpensively.
[0016] Alternatively, as mentioned above, the base foil can be partially coated with the material of the shield foil.
[0017] In a further development of the insulation according to the invention, the shielding foil is arranged on the base foil in the form of strips, preferably in the form of evenly spaced strips each having the same width and / or the same constant spacing between the strips, so that the required free spacing can be easily achieved and furthermore the insulation can be produced easily and cheaply.
[0018] In corresponding developments of the thermal insulation according to the invention, the material of the base foil has proven to be particularly suitable: glass fiber fleece or plastic (textile), in particular DuPont® Kapton® polyimide, PET, PCV, etc. All materials have the required low thermal conductivity while being sufficiently flexible, easy to process, low cost and good availability.
[0019] It has also been found to be particularly suitable in further developments of the insulation according to the invention for the material of the shielding foil to be a pure metal, preferably copper, aluminum, gold or silver, or for the shielding foil to be formed as a metallized plastic foil, all of which provide good protection against heat input by radiation.
[0020] It has proven particularly advantageous in a development of the insulation according to the invention for the base foil to be a glass fibre fleece and for the shielding foil to be an aluminium foil, preferably, but not exclusively, for the aluminium foil to have a thickness of approximately 0.05 mm and the glass fibre fleece to have a thickness of approximately 0.3 mm.
[0021] For an easy and process-stable use of the aforementioned insulation material, the invention in another aspect further proposes a support element which according to the invention has the following parts along its longitudinal extension: a) a first part, in which the support element has an abutment structure for abutting, preferably form-locking, on a first side against the inner pipe to be insulated and a first connecting structure, preferably a recess, on a second side opposite the first side, b) a second part, in which the support element has a second connecting structure, preferably a protrusion, on the first side for cooperating, preferably form-locking, with the first connecting structure on the second side, and further c) a third part, in which the support element has a second connecting structure on the first side and a spacer structure for cooperating, preferably form-locking, on the second side with an outer pipe surrounding the inner pipe.
[0022] Such a support element can be advantageously wrapped around the inner tube of the conduit arrangement to be insulated together with the insulation, thereby ensuring support and spacing of the outer tube of the conduit arrangement to be insulated in addition to supporting and spacing the layers of insulation.
[0023] In order to allow good winding of the support element and in order for the support element to meet the further requirements in the automotive sector or in exhaust gases which are usually operated at relatively high temperatures in the range of 150°C to 200°C, in a special development the support element is made from a flexible material which can be wound around the inner tube, preferably a plastic, most preferably PEEK (polyetheretherketone).
[0024] In practice, the following embodiments of the support element according to the invention have proven to be particularly advantageous: a) in the first part, it is formed flat on a first side and has a recess on the second side or has a structure on the first side of the first part that is at least partially complementary to the corrugations of the coiled tube and a recess on the second side, b) in the second part, it has a protrusion on the first side that is complementary to the recess in the first part and a recess on the second side, preferably the same as the recess in the first part, and further c) in the third part, it has a protrusion on the first side that is complementary to the recess in the second part and a spacer structure on the second side.
[0025] This allows the support element to have a spacer structure ensuring support for the outer tube, with the first part cooperating with the inner tube and, depending on the configuration of the inner tube, the protrusion in the second part cooperating with the recess in the first part and the protrusion in the third part cooperating with the recess in the second part.
[0026] In this respect, it is further preferred that, in the case of a corresponding development in which the support element is wound helically, the first connecting structure in the first section and the second connecting structure in the second section and / or the first connecting structure in the second section and the second connecting structure in the third section cooperate in a connective manner, preferably engage with each other in pairs, which can be obtained by corresponding relative lengths of the individual sections in relation to the dimensions, in particular the outer circumference, of the (inner) pipe to be insulated.
[0027] It has proven to be particularly advantageous if the support elements are configured in a corresponding development in such a way that at least one layer of insulation material can be arranged between the associated connecting structures, as a result of which the insulation material can be held easily and reliably.
[0028] In a further development of the support element according to the invention the spacer structure has a cutout, which is preferably oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the support element and parallel to the first and second faces.
[0029] Such cutouts can be used to pass thread-like elements, e.g. wires, through the spacer structure or through a number of such spacer structures of different support elements, and thus appropriately deform, e.g. twist, the spacer structure before it is inserted into the outer tube, which facilitates the assembly of the outer tube.
[0030] In this respect, in a further development of the support element according to the invention, the spacer structure is provided with a recess on at least one side surface, which makes the spacer structure, in particular as mentioned above, more flexible and more deformable.
[0031] In order to improve the interaction of the outer tube, which is typically, but not exclusively, formed as a corrugated tube, in a further development of the support element according to the invention the spacer structure can be formed so that it is convex on the outside or has a shape that is at least partially complementary to the corrugations of the corrugated tube.
[0032] In a corresponding development, it has proven to be particularly advantageous that the insulation according to the invention is designed as a ready-made insulation with at least one support element already applied, which makes handling during production easier.
[0033] An insulated conduit apparatus according to the present invention having insulation according to the present invention has an inner tube and an outer tube, the insulation is wrapped around the inner tube in a helical circumferential direction with directional components extending axially, i.e. (diagonally) like grip tape on a tennis racket or bicycle handlebar, and the outer tube surrounds the inner tube and the insulation.
[0034] This provides reliable protection against heat input due to radiation in the radial direction without the drawbacks of a continuous conduction path.
[0035] Particularly preferred is a development of the insulated conduit arrangement according to the invention, in which at least one support element according to the invention is furthermore used, which is wound around the inner pipe together with the insulating material, and which is wound helically around the inner pipe at a given axial position, so that in each case one layer of insulating material is arranged, preferably clamped, between two windings of the support element.
[0036] The support elements ensure, on the one hand, the spacing of the individual layers or windings of the insulation and, on the other hand, the support and spacing of the outer tube as well as a secure fixation of the insulation.
[0037] In a further development of the inventive thermally insulated conduit arrangement, the outer pipe therefore rests on the outside of the spacer structure.
[0038] In order to ensure good mobility of the insulated duct arrangement according to the invention, in a further development the insulation has one or more seams along the duct arrangement, preferably at least one seam between each of the two support elements, said seams providing a kind of extra length and thus allowing deformation and movement of the duct arrangement.
[0039] Additionally or alternatively, in a further development of the conduit arrangement according to the invention, the insulation can be formed from a number of separate sections along the conduit arrangement, the sections overlapping each other in a comb-like manner to form a snug fit, thereby ensuring good deformability and mobility of the conduit arrangement.
[0040] In practice, it has proven particularly advantageous in a corresponding development of the conduit device according to the invention for the inner and / or outer tube to be formed as a coil, preferably as a ring-shaped coil, most preferably using a metal, for example steel or stainless steel. Conduits of this type are particularly suitable for use in the automotive sector, as they are robust and flexible even with thin wall thicknesses.
[0041] In order to obtain additional robustness and pressure resistance, in a further development of the conduit arrangement according to the invention, the inner pipe is provided with a mesh jacket, which preferably consists of a monofilament mesh, and the insulation or, in a corresponding embodiment, the support element is wrapped around the mesh jacket.
[0042] The space between the inner and outer tubes is preferably evacuated to prevent heat input by conduction or convection.
[0043] The method of insulating a conduit arrangement according to the present invention is based on the use of an insulating material according to the present invention, where a) the insulating material is wrapped around an inner pipe with a helical circumferential and axially extending directional component, and then b) an outer pipe is placed around the inner pipe and the insulating material.
[0044] The advantages which this brings are as already detailed above, and in addition the method according to the invention can advantageously be carried out easily and even automatically.
[0045] An advantageous development of the method according to the invention comprises the use of at least one support element according to the invention, which in step a) is wound around the inner pipe together with the insulating material, the support element being wound helically, preferably directly, around the inner pipe at a given axial position, so that one layer of the insulating material is positioned, preferably clamped, between each two turns of the support element.
[0046] The advantages obtained from this have also been described in detail above.
[0047] In yet another development of the method according to the invention, before step b), the spacer structure of the support element is reduced in its radial extension (relative to the conduit device), preferably by twisting, most preferably a state of reduced radial extension is obtained and at least temporarily fixed by thread-like elements, e.g. wires, which are guided through the cutouts in a preferred and corresponding manner, and after step b), the reduction in radial extension is eliminated, preferably by removing the thread-like elements.
[0048] This facilitates the manufacture of the conduit arrangement according to the invention, since the outer pipe together with the support elements can be fitted around the inner pipe with the wrapped insulation without any problems.
[0049] As previously mentioned, the space between the inner and outer tubes is then preferably evacuated.
[0050] It is therefore proposed in this document to provide the (hose) pipe with vacuum insulation against conduction and multi-layer insulation (MLI) to prevent radiation.
[0051] The hose pipe can optionally additionally be provided with a mesh, for example for pressure support. As mentioned above, the MLI is preferably supported / fixed by a support element. The support element is preferably manufactured using plastic, most preferably PEEK.
[0052] The support element is divided in a corresponding manner into three parts, namely: 1) a fixed part, 2) a part for supporting the MLI, 3) a part for supporting the insulated inner hose pipe to the outer pipe (spacer with sliding elements for assembly and movement).
[0053] In a corresponding embodiment, the support element has an operating surface in part 1) which rests against the outer surface of the inner hose pipe (inner pipe) and engages in the corrugation valleys of the hose pipe, preferably consisting of a ring-shaped coil, to axially fix the support element. If the net is installed, it is possible to fix the support element to the surface of the net via a wear joint (for example using a cable tie).
[0054] Furthermore, in part 2) of the support element, it is possible to arrange working surfaces which alternate with the MLI and form working surface pairs. In a corresponding embodiment, the support element may have a contour which is fixed by form-fittingly engaging with itself by a wrapping process on a fixed body (here the inner tube) in part 2), similar to piping or press-seal bags. The formed snap connection allows one or more layers of the MLI to be accommodated in the joint gap and fixed radially spaced apart.
[0055] Part 3) also preferably has an active surface for engaging a corresponding structure in part 2), but preferably has an additional active surface, which is preferably convex in the radial direction and forms an active surface pair with an active surface on the inner wall of the outer tube. Via the pair, it is possible to support the inner tube (inner tube) and protect the MLI from contact with the outer tube. This further provides an active surface for the insertion / assembly of the insulated inner tube into the outer tube. In order to minimize heat transfer by conduction as much as possible, the active surface in contact with the outer tube is designed to be as small as possible.
[0056] In a corresponding manner, the support element can have a further working surface in part 3), which, when a ring-shaped coil is used as the outer tube, comes into form-locking contact with a working surface on the inner side of the ring-shaped coil, thereby allowing axial fixation.
[0057] Furthermore, as mentioned above, the support element can be reduced in diameter in part 3), for example by twisting, and the position can be fixed, preferably by means of an axially detachable wire, thereby allowing easy assembly in the outer tube. In order to release the pretension after positioning and to bring the working surface pairs between part 3) and the outer tube into relative contact for fixing the conduit, the axially detachable wire can be pulled out after positioning, so that the working surfaces in part 3) come into contact with those of the outer tube, positioning both elements relative to each other.
[0058] The radial mobility due to elastic pretension in part 3) can be formed, for example, by a tangential web carrying a ring with a working surface, optionally with a circumferential notch on the radially outer side (like a bicycle brake disc). When a torsional load is applied, the web bends and the diameter of the ring reduces.
[0059] Furthermore, the support element can optionally be provided with a recess in the circumferential direction in part 3) so that it can be tilted axially during assembly, thereby allowing assembly with a reduced diameter. A slight backward movement of the inner tube results in a standing up in part 3) and thus a locking fixation in the outer tube or a (claw-like) engagement into the optionally present corrugations of the outer tube.
[0060] As mentioned above, the MLI comprises a base foil and a shielding foil. The base foil is preferably made of a material with a low thermal conductivity of 0.01 to 0.3 W / (m·K), such as a glass fiber fleece or a plastic (textile). The shielding foil, for reflecting radiation in the infrared range, preferably with a wavelength of 0.78 to 1000 μm, most preferably 3 to 50 μm, is preferably made of a pure metal, most preferably copper, aluminum, gold or silver, as mentioned above. Alternatively, a metallized plastic foil can be used as the shielding foil, where the metallization may be made with one of the metals mentioned above.
[0061] According to the invention, the shielding foil is provided discontinuously on the base foil in the form of individual elements or sections, so that when wound in a spiral manner, no continuous conductive heat transfer path is formed. The shielding foil elements or sections are preferably adapted in length to the adjacent elements depending on the radius or circumference of the workpiece (inner tube) on which the particular shielding foil section is located after assembly, so that the spiral winding forms individual shielding rings which reflect the thermal radiation.
[0062] To ensure flexibility, another embodiment of the invention as described above has an MLI with one or more seams between the individual support elements, as also described above, which allow the MLI to change its axial length when the entire conduit (conduit device) is bent.
[0063] Alternatively or additionally, the function can be realized by axially divided MLI elements with (at least) one support element each, the MLI elements overlapping in a comb-like manner to form a snug fit, also as described above.
[0064] For the assembly of the MLI, it is proposed to provide a pressurizing support for the hose pipe (inner pipe), preferably consisting of a ring-shaped coil, as a fluid-conveying conduit element, consisting of a mesh fabric, most preferably a metallic mesh fabric, particularly preferably a monofilament mesh fabric. For the purpose of stiffening the conduit element, an inner mandrel is provided, which preferably consists of a fiber composite material, most preferably a carbon fiber reinforced plastic, and has a high rigidity. For the anchoring of the conduit on the mandrel, an elastic element is provided on the mandrel, which expands radially when subjected to an internal pressure, thus providing anchoring and centering of the conduit. For improved centering, the elastic element is locally fixed on the mandrel, which creates longitudinal waves that are formed evenly around the circumference by the internal pressure.
[0065] The MLI may then be provided on the conduit element together with the support element via a winding process, and finally, the outer tube is assembled, if necessary after first reducing the outer diameter of the support element as described above.
[0066] This allows the present invention to provide increased flexibility for MLI with adjustment of spacers with low heat transfer and the possibility of automated assembly.
[0067] Further characteristics and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. [Brief description of the drawings]
[0068] [Figure 1] 1 shows a schematic representation of insulation for a cryogenic conduit arrangement according to the invention; [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a support element according to the invention; [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of possible relative arrangements of insulation and support elements. [Figure 4] 3A and 3B show schematic longitudinal sections of possible configurations of a thermally insulated conduit arrangement according to the invention having additional thread-like elements; [Diagram 5] 3 is a schematic longitudinal section of another possible configuration of the insulated conduit arrangement according to the invention; FIG.
[0069] Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of insulation for a low temperature conduit arrangement, the insulation being generally designated by the reference number 1. In Figure 1 the insulation 1 is shown before it is used to insulate the conduit arrangement, for which purpose it is wrapped around the conduit arrangement, as will be described in more detail below.
[0070] According to the disclosure in FIG. 1, the insulation 1 comprises a support material in the form of a base foil 2, which is preferably made of a material with a low thermal conductivity of 0.01 to 0.3 W / (m·K), preferably a glass fiber fleece, whose thermal conductivity may be of the order of only 1.5 mW / (m·K). Furthermore, the insulation 1 comprises a shielding foil 3, which is preferably made to reflect radiation in the infrared range of wavelengths of 0.78 to 1000 μm, most preferably 3 to 50 μm. However, the shielding foil 3 is not provided on the base foil 2 in the form of one continuous layer, preferably by sewing, seaming or clinching, but consists of a number of discontinuous parts 3 a, with a free distance A remaining between each two adjacent parts 3 a. In this embodiment, the parts 3 a of the shielding foil 3 have a rectangular shape, all parts 3 a have the same shape, and between each two parts 3 a there is formed an identical free distance A. However, the invention is not essentially limited to this type of arrangement. For example, portions 3a may have different widths, shapes and / or spacing relative to one another.
[0071] As mentioned above, other support materials besides the (base) foil are conceivable. The shielding foil may be applied in the form of a coating onto the base foil or onto a support material.
[0072] Figure 2 shows diagrammatically a support element 4, which is shaped and constructed in particular for use with an insulation according to Figure 1. The support element 4 has three successive parts along its longitudinal extension, which parts are numbered 4.1 to 4.3 in the following: a) a first part 4.1, in which the support element 4 has on a first side 4a abutment structure for abutting against the inner pipe to be insulated (not shown here) and on a second side 4b opposite the first side 4a a first connecting structure, preferably a recess, which first connecting structure is not shown in FIG. 2 (see FIGS. 5 and 6 ); b) a second part 4.2, in which the support element 4 has a second connecting structure (not shown, see Figures 5 and 6), preferably a protrusion, on the first face 4a for cooperating with the first connecting structure on the second face 4b, and c) a third part 4.3, in which the support element 4 again has on its first face 4a the second connecting structure as described above and on its second face 4b a spacer structure (not shown, see Figures 5 and 6) for cooperating with an outer tube (not shown here) surrounding the inner tube.
[0073] In the intended use, the support element 4, preferably made of PEEK, is applied via the first surface 4a of the first portion 4.1 to the inner pipe to be insulated and is spirally wound such that in particular the first surface 4a of the second portion 4.2 interacts with the second surface 4b of the first portion 4.1 and the first surface 4a of the third portion 4.3 interacts with the second surface 4b of the second portion 4.2. The second portion 4.2 can in particular be made longer than the portions 4.1 and 4.3, such that during winding the first surface 4a of the second portion 4.2 also interacts with the second surface 4b of the second portion 4.2.
[0074] The support element 4 may have a thickness which decreases towards its ends, not shown in Figure 2, making it possible to obtain a continuous shaping of the (outer) contour of the support element 4 during winding.
[0075] Figure 3 illustrates an example of cooperation between the insulation 1 and the support element 4. The support element 4 is arranged around the (inner) conduit to be insulated, which is represented in Figure 3 by its longitudinal axis L, according to the obliquely extending wrapping direction WR of the insulation 1, at an angle α to the extension direction of the portion 3a of the shielding foil 3. The wrapping direction WR is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L, so that the support element 4 is wrapped around the conduit in a fixed axial position.
[0076] The angle α is preferably as small as possible, nearly or exactly 0 (zero) degrees, so that the winding direction WR of the thermal insulation material 1 extends exactly perpendicularly to the extension direction of the portions 3a of the shielding foil 3. Thus, in the winding direction WR, the free spacing A between the portions 3a provides a sufficient shielding effect against thermal radiation, but does not form a continuous (thermal) conduction path.
[0077] 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view along a longitudinal axis L of a thermally insulated conduit arrangement according to the invention, generally designated by the reference number 5. The conduit arrangement comprises, from the radially inner side to the outer side, an inner tube 6 formed as a ring-shaped coil, a woven hose 7 surrounding the inner tube 6, a number of spirally wound support elements 4 arranged one above the other at an axial distance A' (the specific configuration of the support elements is described in more detail below), a number of layers 1a of two identically wound insulation materials 1 and an outer tube 8 formed as a ring-shaped coil. A wire 9 is threaded through a corresponding cut-out 4c in the support elements 4, which is also described in more detail below.
[0078] In FIG. 4, the support element 4 is shown in cross section by a selected illustration. This allows the aforementioned sections 4.1 to 4.3 with the first and second faces 4a, 4b of different shapes to be clearly seen. The support element 4 has, in the first section 4.1, a flat arrangement 4aa on the first face 4a for abutting against the mesh hose 7 and a recess 4ba on the second face 4b. In the second section 4.2, the support element 4 has a protrusion 4ab on the first face 4a for engaging in the recess 4ba and a corresponding recess 4bb on the second face 4b. In the further extension of the second section 4.2, the support element can engage in the aforementioned recess 4bb with the protrusion 4ab. In the third section 4.3, the support element 4 again has a protrusion 4ac on the first face 4a and a spacer structure 4bc on the second face 4b. The spacer structure 4bc is formed convex (mushroom-shaped) at the end for supporting the outer tube 8. Furthermore, the spacer structure 4bc has a recess 4d on the side surface, and the aforementioned notch 4c is formed in the region of the recess 4d.
[0079] The layers 1a of both insulation materials 1 overlap each other in the region B, so that a slip fit is formed, which allows the conduit device 5 to be highly mobile.
[0080] Between the mating recesses and protrusions of each pair of support elements 4, one respective layer 1a of insulating material 1 is clamped and held, as previously described.
[0081] The wire 9 can be used to deform the support element 4 in the region of the spacer structure 4bc to reduce the radial extension of the support element 4 and thus facilitate the assembly of the outer tube 8. The wire 9 can then be removed in the direction of the arrow P.
[0082] The space between the inner tube 6 and the outer tube 8 is evacuated to prevent heat input by convection and conduction.
[0083] In FIG. 5 a different configuration of the conduit arrangement 5 is shown, which differs from the configuration in FIG.
[0084] According to FIG. 5, the individual layers 1a of the insulation 1 formed during winding each have a seam, designated 1b, which represents an extra length in particular for axial movements.
[0085] 4 and 5, the support element 4 can have a shape complementary to the corrugations of the inner ring-shaped coil (inner tube 6) on the first face 4a in the first part 4.1, in particular if no braided hose 7 is used. The same applies to the spacer structure 4bc in the region of its outer face which comes into contact with the outer ring-shaped coil (outer tube 8).
Claims
1. A thermal insulation material (1) for a cryogenic conduit system (5), comprising: A base foil (2), a shielding foil (3), The base foil (2) is made of a material with a low thermal conductivity of 0.01 to 0.3 W / (m·K), The shielding foil (3) is configured to reflect radiation in the infrared range having a wavelength of 0.78 to 1000 μm, The insulating material (1) is characterized in that the shielding foil (3) is arranged on the base foil (2) in the form of a plurality of discontinuous portions (3a), so that one free space (A) remains between each two adjacent portions (3a).
2. 2. The insulation (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the shielding foil (3) is glued onto the base foil (2) or fixed onto the base foil (2) by sewing, seaming or clinching.
3. 3. The thermal insulation (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shielding foil (3) is arranged in the form of a strip (3a) on the base foil (2).
4. An insulating material (1) as described in claim 3, characterized in that the shielding foil (3) is arranged in the form of evenly spaced strips (3a), each strip (3a) having the same width and / or the same constant spacing (A) between each strip (3a).
5. 3. The thermal insulation (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the material of the base foil (2) is glass fiber fleece or plastic.
6. 3. The thermal insulation (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the material of the shielding foil (3) is pure metal or the shielding foil (3) is formed as a metallized plastic foil.
7. A support element (4) for use with an insulating material (1) according to claim 1 or 2, having along its longitudinal extension: a) a first section (4.1), in which the support element (4) has a first surface (4a) having an abutment structure (4aa) for abutting against the inner pipe (6) to be insulated, and a first connecting structure (4ba) on a second surface (4b) opposite to the first surface (4a); b) a second part (4.2) in which the support element (4) has, on the first face (4a), a second connecting structure (4ab) for cooperating with the first connecting structure (4ba) on the second face (4b); and c) a third section (4.3), characterized in that in said third section said support element (4) has on said first face (4a) said second connecting structure (4ac) and on said second face (4b) a spacer structure (4bc) for cooperating with an outer tube (8) surrounding said inner tube (6).
8. A support element (4) as described in claim 7, characterized in that in a), the support element (4) abuts in a form-fitting manner against the inner pipe (6) to be insulated.
9. A support element (4) as described in claim 7, characterized in that the first connecting structure (4ba) is a recess.
10. A support element (4) as described in claim 7, characterized in that in b), the first connecting structure (4ba) and the second connecting structure (4ab) cooperate in a form-connecting manner.
11. A support element (4) as described in claim 7, characterized in that the second connecting structure (4ab) is a protrusion.
12. A support element (4) as described in claim 7, characterized in that the outer tube (8) and the spacer structure (4bc) cooperate in a form-fitting manner.
13. 8. A support element (4) according to claim 7, made from a flexible material that can be wrapped around the inner tube (6).
14. a) the first surface (4a) of the first part (4.1) is flat and has a recess (4ba) on the second surface (4b), or the first surface (4a) of the first part (4.1) has a configuration at least partially complementary to the corrugations of the serpentine tube and a recess (4ba) on the second surface (4b), b) the second part (4.2) has, on its first face (4a), a projection (4ab) complementary to the recess (4ba) in the first part (4.1) and a recess (4bb) in its second face (4b); and 8. A support element (4) according to claim 7, characterized in that it has, on the first face (4a) of the third part (4.3), protrusions (4ac) complementary to the recesses (4bb) in the second part (4.2), and on the second face (4b) the spacer structures (4bc).
15. 8. The support element (4) according to claim 7, wherein when the support element (4) is wound spirally, the first connecting structure (4ba) in the first part (4.1) and the second connecting structure (4ab) in the second part (4.2) and / or the first connecting structure (4ba) in the second part (4.2) and the second connecting structure (4ac) in the third part (4.3) cooperate in a connective manner.
16. 16. A support element (4) according to claim 15, characterized in that at least one layer (1a) of the thermal insulation material (1) can be arranged between the cooperating connecting structures.
17. A support element (4) according to claim 7, characterized in that the spacer structure (4bc) has a notch (4c).
18. A support element (4) as described in claim 17, characterized in that the notch (4c) is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the support element (4) and parallel to the first and second faces (4a, 4b).
19. A support element (4) according to claim 7, characterized in that the spacer structure (4bc) comprises a recess (4d) in at least one side surface.
20. 8. A support element (4) according to claim 7, characterized in that the spacer structures (4bc) are externally convex or are formed to have a shape at least partially complementary to the corrugations of the serpentine.
21. A thermally insulated conduit arrangement (5) comprising an insulating material (1) according to claim 1 or 2, an inner tube (6); an outer tube (8); The heat insulating material (1) is wound around the inner pipe (6) in a spiral manner with a circumferential component extending in the axial direction, The heat insulating conduit device (5) is characterized in that the outer pipe (8) surrounds the inner pipe (6) and the heat insulating material (1).
22. 22. An insulated conduit device (5) according to claim 21, comprising at least one support element (4) according to claim 7, characterized in that the support element (4) is wound around the inner pipe (6) together with the insulating material (1), and the support element (4) is wound spirally around the inner pipe (6) at a predetermined axial position, so that one layer (1a) of the insulating material (1) is arranged between each two windings of the support element (4).
23. 22. The thermally insulated conduit arrangement (5) according to claim 21, characterized in that the outer pipe (8) abuts the outside of the spacer structure (4bc).
24. 22. An insulated conduit arrangement (5) according to claim 21, characterized in that the insulation (1) has one or more seams (1b) along the conduit arrangement (5).
25. 22. The insulated conduit arrangement (5) of claim 21, wherein the insulation (1) is formed from a plurality of separate sections along the conduit arrangement (5), the sections overlapping in a comb-like manner to form a snug fit.
26. 22. The thermally insulated conduit arrangement (5) according to claim 21, characterized in that the inner pipe (6) and / or the outer pipe (8) are formed as serpentine pipes.
27. 22. The insulated conduit arrangement (5) according to claim 21, characterized in that the inner pipe (6) is provided with a mesh jacket (7), and the insulation (1) or, in the case of claim 22, the support element (4) is wrapped around the mesh jacket (7).
28. A method for insulating a conduit system (5) with an insulating material (1) according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of: a) The insulating material (1) is wound around the inner pipe (6) in a spiral manner with a circumferential and axially extending direction component, and then b) an outer pipe (8) is placed around said inner pipe (6) and said insulation (1).
29. 29. Method according to claim 28, using at least one support element (4) according to claim 7, 1. A method according to claim 1, wherein in step a) the support element (4) together with the insulating material (1) is wound around the inner pipe (6), wherein the support element (4) is wound around the inner pipe (6) in a spiral manner at a predetermined axial position, so that one layer (1a) of the insulating material (1) is located between each two windings of the support element (4).
30. 30. Method according to claim 29, characterized in that before step b) the spacer structures (4bc) of the support elements (4) are reduced in their radial extension.
31. The method according to claim 30, characterized in that the spacer structure (4bc) is reduced by twisting.
32. A method as described in claim 30, characterized in that the state of reduced radial extension is temporarily fixed and the reduction in radial extension is eliminated after step b).
33. A method as described in claim 30, characterized in that the state of reduced radial extension is fixed by a thread-like element (9) guided through the cutout (4c), citing claim 17.
34. A method as described in claim 30, characterized in that after step b), the reduction in radial extension is eliminated by removing the thread-like elements (9).