Battery management system having a hierarchical structure and its operation method

Abstract

A battery management system having a hierarchical structure according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a plurality of slave BMSs; and a master BMS that is linked with the plurality of slave BMSs and monitors a battery group composed of a plurality of batteries. Here, the master BMS is configured to collect status information on one or more batteries from the plurality of slave BMSs and collect status information on the battery group from a group status information collection device provided therein, and the plurality of slave BMSs and the group status information collection device may be configured to be sequentially connected via a serial communication network.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] This application claims the benefit of the filing date of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0118506 filed with the Korean Intellectual Property Office on September 20, 2022, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0074116 filed with the Korean Intellectual Property Office on June 9, 2023, and all of the contents disclosed in the documents of the Korean patent applications are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to a battery management system having a hierarchical structure and an operation method thereof, and more particularly to a battery management system including a master BMS and a slave BMS and an operation method thereof. [Background technology]

[0003] Secondary batteries are batteries that can be reused by charging after discharging, and can be used as energy sources for small devices such as mobile phones, tablet PCs, and vacuum cleaners, as well as medium- to large-sized devices such as automobiles and Energy Storage Systems (ESS) for smart grids.

[0004] Secondary batteries are applied to systems in the form of assemblies such as battery modules in which multiple battery cells are connected in series and parallel, or battery packs in which battery modules are connected in series and parallel, depending on the requirements of the system. In the case of medium- to large-sized devices such as electric vehicles, a high-capacity battery system in which multiple battery packs are connected in parallel can be applied to meet the capacity requirements of the device.

[0005] A battery management system that monitors and controls the state and operation of a battery pack may be configured in a hierarchical structure in order to efficiently monitor and control all battery cells included in the battery pack. More specifically, the battery management system may include a plurality of slave BMSs that collect state information of battery cells or battery modules, and a master BMS that collects state information on a pack basis, receives state information of cells or modules from the slave BMSs, and performs integrated monitoring and control.

[0006] In order for a hierarchical battery management system to perform a more accurate status diagnosis, the system must diagnose whether or not a battery is abnormal using status information measured at the same time, but a device for collecting status information for each cell or module is configured separately from a device for collecting status information for each pack, and the communication lines of each device are separate, which may cause a time error between the status information. This time error between the status information may limit the reliability of the diagnosis results of the battery management system. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT EMBODIMENT In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a battery system with a hierarchical structure.

[0008] Another object of the present invention to solve the above problems is to provide a method for operating a hierarchically structured battery system. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] To achieve the above object, a battery management system having a hierarchical structure according to one embodiment of the present invention may include a plurality of slave BMSs; and a master BMS that interfaces with the plurality of slave BMSs and monitors a battery group composed of a plurality of batteries.

[0010] Here, the master BMS is configured to collect status information on one or more batteries from the plurality of slave BMSs, and collect status information on the battery group from a group status information collection device provided therein, and the plurality of slave BMSs and the group status information collection device can be configured to be sequentially connected via a serial communication network.

[0011] The master BMS may further include a control device and a communication interface device. Here, the control device and the communication interface device may be configured to be sequentially connected to the plurality of slave BMSs and the group state information collection device via the serial communication network.

[0012] The control device may be configured to receive, via the communication interface device, status information relating to the one or more batteries and status information relating to the battery group, generated at the same time.

[0013] The control device can diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality in the battery or the battery group based on the received status information on the one or more batteries and the status information on the battery group.

[0014] The communication interface device may be configured to be directly connected to a slave BMS located at an end among the plurality of slave BMSs via a serial communication line.

[0015] When the battery management system is switched to an off state, the group status information collector is switched to a deactivated state, and the plurality of slave BMSs can be configured to be activated at a predefined time.

[0016] The plurality of slave BMSs are activated at predetermined unit times when the battery management system is in an off state, to collect status information on the one or more batteries, and can diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality in the battery they manage based on the collected status information.

[0017] When an abnormality occurs in one or more batteries, the slave BMS may be configured to transmit an abnormality signal to the communication interface device via the serial communication line, and the communication interface device may be configured to transmit a wake-up signal to the control device to switch the battery management system to an on state.

[0018] The status information regarding the battery group may include one or more of a voltage value, a current value, and an insulation resistance value per battery group, and the status information regarding the one or more batteries may include one or more of a voltage value, a current value, and a temperature value per battery cell or battery subgroup.

[0019] The group status information collecting device may be configured as an integrated module including a group voltage information collecting module, a group current information collecting module, and an insulation resistance information collecting module.

[0020] To achieve the above-mentioned another object, a method for operating a battery management system according to one embodiment of the present invention is a method for operating a battery management system including a plurality of slave BMSs and a master BMS sequentially connected to the plurality of slave BMSs via a serial communication network, and includes a step in which the plurality of slave BMSs collect status information on one or more batteries, and a group status information collection device provided inside the master BMS collects status information on a battery group composed of a plurality of batteries; a step in which a control device of the master BMS receives status information on the one or more batteries and status information on the battery group through a communication interface device of the master BMS; and a step in which the battery or the battery group is monitored for abnormality based on the collected information.

[0021] The control device and the communication interface device may be configured to be sequentially connected to the plurality of slave BMSs and the group state information collection device via the serial communication network.

[0022] Receiving the status information may include receiving status information regarding the one or more batteries and status information regarding the group of batteries, the status information being generated at the same time.

[0023] The step of monitoring for the presence or absence of an abnormality may include the step of diagnosing the presence or absence of an abnormality in the battery or the battery group based on the received status information regarding the one or more batteries and the status information regarding the battery group.

[0024] The communication interface device may be configured to be directly connected to a slave BMS located at an end among the plurality of slave BMSs via a serial communication line.

[0025] The method of operating the battery management system may further include a step of: when the battery management system is switched to an off state, the plurality of slave BMSs are activated at predetermined unit times to collect status information on the one or more batteries; and a step of the plurality of slave BMSs diagnosing whether or not there is an abnormality in the batteries they manage based on the collected status information.

[0026] The method for operating the battery management system may further include a step of, when an abnormality occurs in one or more batteries, the slave BMS transmitting an abnormality signal to the communication interface device via the serial communication line; and a step of the communication interface device transmitting a wake-up signal to the control device to switch the battery management system to an on state.

[0027] The status information regarding the battery group may include one or more of a voltage value, a current value, and an insulation resistance value per battery group, and the status information regarding the one or more batteries may include one or more of a voltage value, a current value, and a temperature value per battery cell or battery subgroup. Effect of the Invention

[0028] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the battery management system diagnoses the battery system based on time-synchronized status information, thereby improving the reliability of the monitoring and diagnosis results by the battery management system.

[0029] Furthermore, according to the embodiment of the present invention, stable monitoring and diagnosis are possible even when the battery management system is in an off state. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0030] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an existing battery management system. [Diagram 2] 1 is a block diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a battery management system according to the present invention; [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of a method for operating a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] 1 is a block diagram of a battery management system to which a serial communication line according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied; [Figure 6] 6 is a flow diagram of a method for operating the battery management system shown in FIG. 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0031] Since the present invention can be modified in various ways and has various embodiments, specific embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the detailed description. However, it is understood that this is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific embodiment, but includes all modifications, equivalents, or alternatives within the spirit and technical scope of the present invention. Similar reference numerals are used for similar components while describing each drawing.

[0032] Terms such as first, second, A, B, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only to distinguish one component from another. For example, a first component may be named a second component, and similarly, a second component may be named a first component, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The term "and / or" includes a combination of multiple associated listed items or any of multiple associated listed items.

[0033] When a component is referred to as being "coupled" or "connected" to another component, it should be understood that the component may be directly coupled or connected to the other component, but there may also be other components in between. In contrast, when a component is referred to as being "directly coupled" or "directly connected" to another component, it should be understood that there are no other components in between.

[0034] The terms used in this application are merely used to describe certain embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. A singular expression includes a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, the terms "include" or "have" are intended to specify the presence of features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the specification, and are not intended to preclude the presence or additional possibility of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Terms as defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning they have in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted as having an ideal or overly formal meaning unless expressly defined in this application.

[0036] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a typical battery management system.

[0037] Referring to FIG. 1, the battery management system may include a master BMS 10 and a plurality of slave BMSs 20.

[0038] The master BMS 10 is a higher-level BMS that monitors and controls a battery system including multiple battery modules (#1 to #N). The master BMS 10 includes multiple pack status information collecting devices that collect status information of the battery packs, and the status information collecting devices include a pack voltage information collecting module, a pack current information collecting module, and an insulation resistance information collecting module, as shown in Fig. 1.

[0039] The slave BMSs 20 are provided corresponding to the battery modules (#1 to #N), respectively, and are lower-level BMSs that collect status information on the corresponding battery modules and transmit the collected status information to the master BMS 10. Here, each of the slave BMSs may include a module status information collecting device for collecting one or more status information of the voltage value, current value, and temperature value of each cell included in the battery module, and the voltage value, current value, and temperature value of each battery module, or may be configured to be connected to the module status information collecting device.

[0040] The master BMS 10 includes a communication interface device and can be configured to transmit and receive data through the communication interface device to and from multiple slave BMSs 20. Here, the master BMS 10 can receive module status information (cell status information and module status information) from each of the multiple slave BMSs 20 through the communication interface device.

[0041] 1, the master BMS 10 may include a control device that receives pack status information from a pack status information collecting device (a pack voltage information collecting module, a pack current information collecting module, and an insulation resistance information collecting module) provided therein, and receives module status information from each of a plurality of slave BMSs 20 through a communication interface device. Here, the control device of the master BMS 10 may monitor the collected pack status information and module status information to diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality in the battery system.

[0042] 1, in a typical battery management system, a pack status information collecting device and a module status information collecting device are configured separately, and a communication line for collecting pack status information and a communication line for collecting module status information are separated for communication. As a result, the status information collected by the control device is data that is not measured at the same time and has a time error. Such a time error between the status information may limit the reliability of the diagnosis results of the battery management system.

[0043] The present invention has been devised to solve these technical problems. Hereinafter, the structure and operation method of a battery management system according to various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

[0044] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Referring to FIG. 2, a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a master BMS 100 and a plurality of slave BMSs 200.

[0046] The master BMS 100 is a higher-level BMS that monitors and controls a battery system including multiple batteries.

[0047] The master BMS 100 may include a control device 110, a communication interface device 120, and a group status information collector 130.

[0048] The control device 110 may monitor the status of one or more of the batteries and battery groups included in the battery system and diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality. Here, the battery group may refer to a battery module, a battery pack, a battery rack, or a battery bank.

[0049] The control device 110 can diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality in one or more of the batteries and battery groups based on status information regarding the battery group transmitted from the group status information collection device and status information regarding one or more batteries transmitted from multiple slave BMSs 200.

[0050] The communication interface device 120 may include a communication module that receives status information from the group status information collector 130 and a plurality of slave BMSs 200 and transmits the status information to the control device 110 .

[0051] The group status information collecting device 130 may collect status information for each battery group and transmit the collected group status information to the communication interface device 120. Here, the group status information collecting device 130 may be configured as an integrated module including a group voltage information collecting module, a group current information collecting module, and an insulation resistance information collecting module. That is, unlike the general battery management system shown in FIG. 1, the group status information collecting device 130 according to the embodiment of the present invention may be configured as one integrated module including a group voltage information collecting module, a group current information collecting module, and an insulation resistance information collecting module, and may be configured to simultaneously transmit the collected group status information (e.g., a voltage value, a current value, and an insulation resistance value for each battery pack) to the communication interface device 120.

[0052] Each of the slave BMSs 200 is a lower-level BMS that manages one or more batteries. Each of the slave BMSs can collect status information on the corresponding battery it manages and transmit the collected battery status information to the master BMS 100.

[0053] Each of the slave BMSs may include a status information collecting device for collecting status information of the battery under management, or may be configured to be connected to the status information collecting device. Here, the battery status information collected by the slave BMS may include one or more status information of a voltage value, a current value, and a temperature value for each battery cell or battery subgroup (e.g., module).

[0054] The plurality of slave BMSs 200 may be sequentially connected to the group state information collection device 130 of the master BMS 100 via a serial communication network. Also, the control device 110 and the communication interface device 120 of the master BMS 100 may be sequentially connected to the group state information collection device 130 and the plurality of slave BMSs 200 via a serial communication network. Referring to Fig. 2, the control device 110, the communication interface device 120, the group state information collection device 130, and the plurality of slave BMSs 200 may be sequentially connected via a serial communication network 300.

[0055] Each of the components 110, 120, 130 of the master BMS 100 and each of the multiple slave BMSs 200 may include a communication module for forming the serial communication network 300 shown in Fig. 2. For example, the serial communication network 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention may correspond to a daisy-chain type communication network, and each of the components 110, 120, 130, 200 of the master BMS 100 may include a data transmission / reception module for forming the daisy-chain communication network.

[0056] The slave BMS (#N) at the end to the slave BMS (#1) at the top can transmit the collected battery state information to the control device 110 via the serial communication network 300. Also, the group state information collecting device 130 can transmit the collected group state information to the control device 110 via the serial communication network 300. Here, the group state information collecting device 130 is configured as an integrated module including a group voltage information collecting module, a group current information collecting module, and an insulation resistance information collecting module as described above. It can transmit group state information including a voltage value, a current value, and an insulation resistance value for each group to the control device 110.

[0057] In the embodiment, the battery status information and the group status information may correspond to status information generated at the same time. According to the embodiment, the control device 110 receives time-synchronized status information (e.g., battery cell status information, module status information, and pack status information) and monitors the battery system using the received status information to diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality. This can improve the reliability of monitoring and diagnosis results by the battery management system.

[0058] Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a battery management system according to the present invention. Specifically, Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a battery management system in which a master BMS corresponds to a pack BMS and a slave BMS corresponds to a module BMS. Meanwhile, the battery management system shown in Fig. 3 is an example for clarifying the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0059] Referring to FIG. 3, a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a master BMS 100' and a plurality of slave BMSs 200'.

[0060] The master BMS 100' may correspond to a pack BMS that monitors and controls a battery pack including a plurality of battery modules.

[0061] The master BMS 100' may include a control device 110', a communication interface device 120' and a pack status information collection device 130'.

[0062] The control device 110' can monitor the state of the battery pack and diagnose whether there is an abnormality. Here, the control device 110' can diagnose whether there is an abnormality in one or more of the battery cells, the battery modules, and the battery packs based on one or more of the pack state information transmitted from the pack state information collecting device and the module state information transmitted from the plurality of slave BMSs 200'.

[0063] The communication interface device 120' may include a communication module that receives status information from the pack status information collector 130' and a plurality of slave BMSs 200' and transmits the status information to the control device 110'.

[0064] The pack status information collecting device 130' may collect pack status information on a battery pack basis and transmit the collected pack status information to the communication interface device 120'. Here, the pack status information collecting device 130' may be configured as an integrated module including a pack voltage information collecting module, a pack current information collecting module, and an insulation resistance information collecting module.

[0065] The slave BMSs 200' may correspond to module BMSs provided corresponding to the battery modules (#1 to #N), respectively. Here, the slave BMSs can collect status information on the corresponding battery modules and transmit the collected module status information to the master BMS 100'.

[0066] Each of the slave BMSs may include a module status information collection device for collecting module status information, or may be configured to be connected to the module status information collection device, where the module status information may include one or more status information of the voltage value, current value, and temperature value of each cell included in the battery module, and the voltage value, current value, and temperature value of the battery module.

[0067] A plurality of slave BMSs 200' may be sequentially connected to the pack status information collecting device 130' of the master BMS 100' via a serial communication network. Also, the control device 110' and the communication interface device 120' of the master BMS 100' may be sequentially connected to the pack status information collecting device 130' and the plurality of slave BMSs 200' via a serial communication network.

[0068] Each component 110', 120', 130' of the master BMS 100' and each of the plurality of slave BMSs 200' may include a communication module to form a serial communication network 300' as shown in FIG.

[0069] The slave BMS(#N) at the end to the slave BMS(#1) at the top can transmit the collected module status information to the control device 110' via the serial communication network 300'. Also, the pack status information collector 130' can transmit the collected pack status information to the control device 110' via the serial communication network 300'. Here, the module status information and the pack status information can correspond to status information generated at the same time.

[0070] FIG. 4 is a flow diagram of a method for operating a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] The slave BMSs collect status information on one or more batteries, and the group status information collector of the master BMS can collect status information on the battery group (S410). Here, the status information on the battery group can include one or more of information on a voltage value, a current value, and an insulation resistance value on a battery group basis (e.g., a pack basis). Also, the status information on the one or more batteries can include one or more of information on a voltage value, a current value, and a temperature value on a battery cell or battery subgroup basis (e.g., a module basis). At this time, the collected battery status information and group status information can correspond to time-synchronized status information generated at the same time.

[0072] Thereafter, the control device of the master BMS may receive the battery status information and the group status information (S420). More specifically, the plurality of slave BMSs and the group status information collection device may transmit the battery status information and the group status information to the communication interface device via the serial communication network, and the communication interface device may transmit the transmitted battery status information and the group status information to the control device.

[0073] The control device can perform monitoring and diagnosis on the battery or the battery group based on the received battery status information and group status information (S430).

[0074] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a battery management system to which a serial communication line according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

[0075] The battery management system shown in FIG. 5 is the battery management system shown in FIG. 2, and further includes a serial communication line 400 that directly connects the slave BMS located at the end and the communication interface device 120. The serial communication line 400 directly connects the slave BMS located at the end and the communication interface device 120.

[0076] 5, among the plurality of slave BMSs 200, a slave BMS (#N) located at an end may be configured to be directly connected to the communication interface device 120 via a serial communication line 400. According to this embodiment, the battery management system may monitor the battery system even in an off state, and may be switched to an on state when an abnormality occurs in the battery system.

[0077] When the battery management system is switched to an off state, the group status information collector 130 is switched to a deactivated state, and the multiple slave BMSs 200 can be configured to be activated at a predefined time.

[0078] More specifically, when the battery management system is switched to an off state, the group status information collection device 130 does not collect group status information, and the multiple slave BMSs 200 are powered through a constant power source and are configured to be woken up at predetermined time intervals to collect battery status information (e.g., cell voltage values, current values, and temperature values, and module voltage values, current values, and temperature values, etc.).

[0079] The plurality of slave BMSs 200 can diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality in the batteries they manage based on the collected battery state information. Here, when an abnormality occurs in one or more batteries (for example, when the voltage of a specific cell or module exceeds a predefined threshold), the corresponding slave BMS can generate an abnormality signal. At this time, the corresponding slave BMS can transmit the generated abnormality signal to the communication interface device 120 via the serial communication line 400. That is, in the off state of the battery management system, the plurality of slave BMSs 200 can be configured to monitor the batteries they manage, respectively, and when an abnormality occurs, the slave BMS managing the abnormal battery can be configured to transmit the abnormality signal to the communication interface device 120 via the serial communication line 400 (in the opposite direction to the communication direction in the on state shown in FIG. 2)

[0080] The communication interface unit 120 may be configured to operate in an off state of the battery management system by receiving power from a constant power source.

[0081] The communication interface device 120 may be configured to switch the battery management system to an ON state when an abnormality occurs in one or more batteries. For example, the slave BMSs 200 may diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality in the batteries they manage, and when an abnormality occurs, transmit an abnormality signal indicating the abnormal state to the communication interface device 120 via the serial communication line 400. Here, when the communication interface device 120 receives the abnormality signal, it generates a wake-up signal through a wake-up circuit and transmits it to the control device 110, and the control device 110 receives the wake-up signal and can switch the battery management system to an ON state.

[0082] In other words, when the battery management system is in the off state, the battery system is monitored via the communication interface device 120, the slave BMS 200, and a separate serial communication line 400, and when an abnormality occurs, the battery management system is switched to the on state, and the control device 110 can diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality in the entire battery system.

[0083] FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of a method for operating the battery management system shown in FIG.

[0084] 5 and 6, when the battery management system is switched to an off state, the group status information collector may be switched to a deactivated state (S610).

[0085] Thereafter, the multiple slave BMSs are powered through a constant power source and are woken up at predetermined time intervals to collect battery status information (e.g., cell voltage, current, and temperature values, and module voltage, current, and temperature values, etc.) (S620).

[0086] Each slave BMS can diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality in the battery that it manages based on the battery state information (S630).

[0087] When an abnormality occurs in one or more batteries (YES in S630), the communication interface device can switch the battery management system to an ON state (S640). For example, when an abnormality occurs in a specific battery module, the communication interface device can receive an abnormality signal from a slave BMS corresponding to the abnormality-occurring module. The communication interface device then generates a wake-up signal through a wake-up circuit and transmits it to the control device, so that the control device can switch the battery management system to an ON state.

[0088] The operation of the method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be embodied as a computer readable program or code in a computer readable recording medium. The computer readable recording medium includes all kinds of recording devices in which data that can be read by a computer system is stored. In addition, the computer readable recording medium can be distributed to computer systems connected via a network, and the computer readable program or code can be stored and executed in a distributed manner.

[0089] Some aspects of the invention have been described in the context of an apparatus, but it may also be presented in terms of a corresponding method, where a block or apparatus corresponds to a method step or a feature of a method step. Similarly, aspects described in the context of a method may be presented in terms of a corresponding block or item or feature of a corresponding apparatus. Some or all of the method steps may be performed by (or using) a hardware apparatus, such as, for example, a microprocessor, a programmable computer, or an electronic circuit. In some embodiments, one or more of the most important method steps may be performed by such an apparatus.

[0090] Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and variations of the present invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as set forth in the following claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0091] 100: Master BMS 110: Control device 120: communication interface device 130: Group status information collector 200: Slave BMS 300: Serial communication network 400: Serial communication line

Claims

1. A battery management system having a hierarchical structure, A plurality of slave BMSs; and A master BMS that cooperates with the plurality of slave BMSs and monitors a battery group composed of a plurality of batteries; The master BMS is configured to collect status information on one or more batteries from the plurality of slave BMSs, and to collect status information on the battery group from a group status information collection device provided therein; The plurality of slave BMSs and the group state information collection device are connected in series via a serial communication network.

2. The master BMS comprises: a control device; and a communication interface device; The battery management system according to claim 1 , wherein the control device and the communication interface device are sequentially connected to the plurality of slave BMSs and the group status information collection device via the serial communication network.

3. The control device includes: The battery management system of claim 2 , configured to receive, through the communication interface device, status information regarding the one or more batteries and status information regarding the group of batteries, the status information being generated at the same time.

4. The control device includes: The battery management system according to claim 3 , further comprising: a diagnosis unit configured to diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality in the battery or the battery group based on the received status information on the one or more batteries and the status information on the battery group.

5. The communication interface device includes: The battery management system according to claim 2 , configured to be directly connected to a slave BMS located at an end among the plurality of slave BMSs via a serial communication line.

6. If the battery management system is switched off, The battery management system according to claim 5 , wherein the group status information collector is configured to be switched to a deactivated state and the plurality of slave BMSs are configured to be activated at a predefined time.

7. The plurality of slave BMSs include The battery management system of claim 6, wherein the battery management system is activated every predefined unit time when the battery management system is in an off state, to collect status information regarding the one or more batteries, and to diagnose whether or not there is an abnormality in the battery being managed based on the collected status information.

8. When an abnormality occurs in one or more batteries, the slave BMS transmits an abnormality signal to the communication interface device via the serial communication line; The battery management system of claim 7 , wherein the communication interface unit is configured to communicate a wake-up signal to the control unit to switch the battery management system to an on state.

9. The state information regarding the battery group includes at least one of a voltage value, a current value, and an insulation resistance value of each battery group, The battery management system of claim 1 , wherein the status information on the one or more batteries includes one or more of a voltage value, a current value, and a temperature value for each battery cell or battery subgroup.

10. The group state information collection device includes: The battery management system according to claim 1 , which is configured as an integrated module including a group voltage information collecting module, a group current information collecting module, and an insulation resistance information collecting module.

11. A method for operating a battery management system including a plurality of slave BMSs and a master BMS sequentially connected to the plurality of slave BMSs via a serial communication network, comprising: The plurality of slave BMSs collect status information on one or more batteries, and a group status information collecting device provided inside the master BMS collects status information on a battery group composed of a plurality of batteries; A control device of the master BMS receives status information regarding the one or more batteries and status information regarding the battery group through a communication interface device of the master BMS; and monitoring the battery or the battery group for abnormalities based on the collected information.

12. The control device and the communication interface device The method of claim 11 , wherein the plurality of slave BMSs and the group status information collection device are sequentially connected via the serial communication network.

13. The step of receiving the status information includes: The method of claim 12 , further comprising receiving status information regarding the one or more batteries and status information regarding the group of batteries, the status information being generated at the same time.

14. The step of monitoring the presence or absence of an abnormality includes: The method of claim 13 , further comprising diagnosing whether or not there is an abnormality in the battery or the battery group based on the received status information on the one or more batteries and the status information on the battery group.

15. The communication interface device includes: The method of claim 12 , wherein the slave BMS is directly connected to an end slave BMS among the plurality of slave BMSs via a serial communication line.

16. If the battery management system is switched off, the plurality of slave BMSs are activated at predetermined unit times to collect status information regarding the one or more batteries; and The method of claim 15, further comprising: a step of: diagnosing whether or not there is an abnormality in the batteries managed by the plurality of slave BMSs based on the collected status information.

17. When an abnormality occurs in one or more batteries, the slave BMS transmits an abnormality signal to the communication interface device via the serial communication line; and The method for operating a battery management system according to claim 16, further comprising the step of: the communication interface device transmitting a wake-up signal to the control device to switch the battery management system into an on state.

18. The state information regarding the battery group includes at least one of a voltage value, a current value, and an insulation resistance value of each battery group, The method of claim 11 , wherein the status information on the one or more batteries includes one or more of a voltage value, a current value, and a temperature value of a battery cell or a battery subgroup.

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