A system for expressing and trading air rights using non-fungible digital tokens

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system (1) for expressing and trading air rights using non-fungible digital tokens, which is composed of a headquarters (10) that controls the system, an air rights trading marketplace (20) where air rights issued with non-fungible digital tokens are expressed via a network and air rights transactions are executed according to air rights registration information, air rights altitude restriction information, and the desired transaction conditions, an operation unit (500) that mediates the input and output of information, buyers, sellers, intermediaries, and governments (authorities) that are connected to the air rights trading marketplace (20) via the operation unit and each hold an electronic wallet, and a distributed storage (400) that distributes the original of the general air rights information set for expression outside the headquarters via the network and stores it in the air rights registration table, air rights altitude restriction table, and transaction conditions table. [Representative diagram] Figure 1

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to an air rights indication and trading system that uses non-fungible tokens (NFTs) to grant exclusivity and credibility to air rights in order to indicate air rights over land where an owner is located and to support transactions, thereby supporting the activation of air rights trading. [Background technology]

[0002] Land with owners is recognised as an asset that can be bought and sold, and air rights have an exchange value due to surpluses and shortages, with virtual ceilings placed on the air space above the land. Carbon emissions trading is one example.

[0003] In addition, due to increasing legal demands for volume and height management in urban areas, fund raising for remodeling and rebuilding of aging structures, and adjustment of rights of views and sunlight, it is important to clarify and value air rights, but this is difficult to solve using conventional technology.

[0004] Furthermore, whereas land ownership is a right that is always clearly stated in the land registry, air rights are clearly stated through the act of establishment that accompanies changes in rights, and as the conventional registry system only recognizes the presumption of ownership, but not the power of public confidence, in order to revitalize air rights transactions, a means of granting exclusivity and public confidence in the event of changes in real rights is required.

[0005] In addition, with the advancement of mobility technology, a system is needed that constantly indicates the details of air rights and supports smooth transactions, in order to route and avoid urban air mobility, and to coordinate and shift responsibility when legal disputes arise. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The present invention has been made to overcome the limitations of the prior art as described above, and aims to provide exclusivity and credibility to air rights as non-fungible digital tokens, so that transactions can be revitalized by constantly displaying the contents of the air rights settings.

[0007] In addition, the above-mentioned measures aim to enable integrated transactions by including not only the original concept of air rights, which is the transfer of unused space above the land, but also the expanded concept of transferable development rights, which is the leasing of unused development rights of one party to another.

[0008] In addition, the above-mentioned measures are intended to ensure the safety of transactions, prevent the occurrence of innocent victims, and enable divisional transactions of air rights, thereby providing additional liquidity to the traditional real estate market.

[0009] In addition, by making it possible to input the air rights establishment altitude according to the above-mentioned means in accordance with differentially applied regulations and the needs of the owner, it is intended to further improve the exchange value in the market due to the artificial surplus or shortage. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The present invention provides an air rights disclosure and trading system using non-fungible digital tokens to achieve the above-mentioned objectives and solve the problems of the prior art. The system includes a headquarters that controls the system, an air rights trading marketplace where air rights issued by non-fungible digital tokens are disclosed through a network and air rights transactions are carried out according to air rights registration information, air rights altitude restriction information, and trading conditions, an operation unit that mediates the input and output of information, buyers, sellers, middlemen, and governments (authorities) that are connected to the air rights trading marketplace through the operation unit and each have their own electronic wallet, and a distributed storage that distributes the original of the general air rights information set for disclosure outside the headquarters via the network and stores it in the air rights registration table, air rights altitude restriction table, and trading conditions table.

[0011] The headquarters, which is one aspect of the present invention, is composed of a main server in which a member information database and a map information database are installed, an operation unit, a verification unit that verifies the validity of information recorded in the main server through the operation unit, and a blockchain server in which an air rights database composed of an air rights registration table in which general information on air rights set for disclosure is recorded, an air rights altitude restriction table, and a transaction condition table is installed.

[0012] The member information database, which constitutes another aspect of the present invention, is composed of a registered member table, and the map information database is composed of map information and an altitude restriction information table that allows the owner to input the air right setting altitude according to differentially applied regulations or the owner's needs. Effect of the Invention

[0013] According to the present invention, which has been made to improve upon the above-mentioned prior art, by granting exclusivity as a non-fungible digital token so that the content of the rights regarding air rights is always clearly stated, differences in legal interpretation can be overcome, and air rights can not only be traded in an integrated manner, but also be sold and rented in installments.

[0014] In addition, according to the present invention, the original of the set general information of air rights is distributed and stored via the network, so that it is possible to give it credibility, and it is possible to fundamentally prevent counterfeiting and the occurrence of innocent victims due to double transfer of rights. In addition, by disclosing the transaction history, it is possible to automatically pay taxes to the government immediately after the contract is concluded.

[0015] In addition, according to the present invention, by making it possible to input the air rights establishment altitude according to development regulations that are applied differentially and the needs of the owner, it is possible to further improve the exchange value in the market by preventing the artificial surplus or shortage. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1]FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a system for expressing and trading air rights using digital tokens according to the present invention. [Diagram 2] Figure 2 shows three-dimensional rights, where ownership of land extends above and below the owner. [Diagram 3] Figure 3 is presented to illustrate the distinction between true air rights, which means the transfer of ownership over unused space, and the transfer of development rights, which means the lease of unused development rights. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 illustrates a specific example of the use of the air rights presentation and trading contemplated by the present invention for the coordination of private rights, including view rights and sun rights. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENT

[0017] Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the contents described in the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. The same reference numerals shown in each drawing indicate the same elements.

[0018] FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of the air rights manifestation and trading system using digital tokens according to the present invention. FIG. 2 shows three-dimensional rights in which ownership rights extend above and below the land on which the owner resides. FIG. 3 is shown to distinguish and explain the original air rights, which mean the transfer of ownership rights to unused space, from the transfer of development rights, which mean the lease of unused development rights. FIG. 4 shows a specific example of the use of the air rights manifestation and trading devised by the present invention for the adjustment of private rights, including view rights and sunlight rights.

[0019] The air rights manifestation and trading system (1) using non-fungible digital tokens according to the present invention is composed of a main server (100), a verification unit (200), a blockchain server (300), an operation unit (500) in the headquarters (10), a distributed storage (400) outside the headquarters (10), an air rights trading marketplace (20), an operation unit (500) that supports the input and output of information by members, and buyers, sellers, middlemen, and governments who hold their own electronic wallets. The general information on air rights set in the headquarters (10) is recorded in the blockchain server (300), and the original is distributed and stored in the distributed storage (400) via a network to give it public credibility, and it is generated as a non-fungible digital token to give it exclusivity and activate trading. The air rights referred to here refer to the rights that exist in the air above the land where the owner exists and extend to the space where the owner's legitimate exercise of rights is permitted, and refer to the exclusive rights that are leased or transferred according to the scope and period of the air rights set by the contract performance agreed upon in the digital token.

[0020] The main server (100) which is one side of the headquarters (10) allows buyers, sellers, middlemen and governments to apply for membership after filling in their unique information on the air rights marketplace via the network. The information is recorded in the registered member table (111) in the member information database (110) to complete the member registration, and each member creates an electronic wallet for depositing and withdrawing payment means according to a prescribed procedure.

[0021] The map information database (120) which is one side of the main server (100) is a part that shows map information and the range of air rights to members to indicate their air rights, and the output image of the map information (121) installed in the map information database (120) is displayed on a display device attached to each member's operation unit (500). When the map information database (120) becomes overloaded due to an increase in the number of members and the amount of information to be displayed becomes excessive, it may be necessary to build a separate map server to deal with the overload. In this case, the current method of building and operating the map information database (120) inside the main server (100) is possible, a method of building a separate map server outside the main server (100) and installing it in the headquarters (10), or a method of using a map information service provided by a map specialist company via a network is possible.

[0022] The height restriction information table (122), which is one side of the map information database (120), can record the height of the air right establishment according to development regulations that are applied differentially and the owner's needs. As shown in Figure 2, if there is no regulation on height or volume, the air right is considered to be limited to private air right existing under public air right without any record on the height restriction information table (122).

[0023] The Verification Unit (200), which is one part of the Headquarters (10), is a part that verifies the validity of the air rights registration information, air rights altitude restriction information, and trading condition information set by the member via the Operation Unit (500), and is installed to improve the reliability of the Air Rights Trading Marketplace (20) as a means of eliminating counterfeits and promoting social benefits. If the verification fails, the member is notified of the fact and requested to correct or cancel the input information.

[0024] The blockchain server (300), which is one side of the headquarters (10), systematically records the information approved for registration through the verification unit (200) in the air rights registration table (311), air rights altitude restriction table (312) and transaction conditions table (313) in the air rights database (310) installed inside.

[0025] The distributed storage (400) which is one aspect of the present invention distributes and stores the original information approved for registration through the verification unit (200) via a network, thereby giving public credibility to the air rights indicated, and making it possible to carry out integrated transactions despite the legal differences that arise between the transfer of unused space and the lease of unused development rights. Figure 3 shows the legal differences between the original concept of air rights, which is the transfer of unused space above the land, and the transfer of development rights to lease unused development rights. This is a major part of the inventive step that makes the present invention not just a simple combination of blockchain technology, but is an integrated whole by overcoming legal differences that were difficult to achieve with conventional technology.

[0026] The operation unit (500) inside the headquarters (10), which constitutes one aspect of the present invention, is composed of a combination of a display device that outputs general information on a screen, a processing unit, and an input device. The operation unit (500) outside the headquarters (10), which constitutes the other aspect of the present invention, mediates the input and output of information between the headquarters (10) and buyers, sellers, middlemen, and the government, who have their own electronic wallets, via the air rights trading marketplace (20), and can be replaced by a portable device that is equipped with all of the above devices and can be connected to a network. In particular, the middleman is a key part for activating the air rights manifestation and trading system (1) using non-fungible digital tokens related to the present invention, and when a transaction is concluded by inviting the landowner to establish and manifest air rights, the commission contracted in the non-fungible digital token is instantly deposited into the middleman's electronic wallet, providing an incentive. In addition, the government immediately deposits the tax specified in the non-fungible digital token into the government's electronic wallet every time a transaction is concluded.

[0027] The air rights trading marketplace (20), which is one aspect of the present invention, is a part where the air rights generated as non-fungible digital tokens in the headquarters (10) are displayed via a network and integrated trading of air rights is carried out according to conditions.

[0028] As an example of the above air rights transaction, FIG. 4 shows a specific example of the use of the air rights manifestation and transaction devised by the present invention for the adjustment of private rights including view rights and sunlight rights. When the owners of land G, which has a high-rise structure on top of it, unanimously wish to prevent the infringement of view rights and sunlight rights expected in the future as a financial measure, they can post their intention to purchase air rights E' to the owner of land E on the above air rights transaction marketplace (20).

[0029] As another example, after registering as a single member with the consent of all owners of land E in order to raise funds necessary for remodeling, a sell order for air right E' is posted on the air right trading marketplace (20), and the money is deposited in the electronic wallet immediately after the contract is concluded according to the set contract conditions, and the ownership change information and transaction history are updated on the blockchain server (300), and at the same time, they are similarly updated on the distributed storage (400), thereby giving public credibility.

[0030] As another example, if the owner of land F who is engaged in agriculture wants to effectively utilize unused space by selling air rights F', he / she can display the air rights F' on the air rights trading marketplace (20) and the owner of land G can purchase it, thereby securing the right to sunlight and the right to a view, as well as preventing the infringement of portrait rights and privacy as a financial measure. In this case, it is only necessary to change the air rights setting information for the acquired air rights F' to a no-fly state, which can be done by correcting the set altitude of the air rights F' to 0m in the altitude restriction information table (122), which will be reflected in the map information (121), allowing other members to inquire about the purpose. If an urban aircraft ignores this and intentionally enters the area of ​​the air rights F', it can obtain the legal effect of being punished as a financial measure for unauthorized occupation, and if an additional air rights H' is acquired, even more perfect legal effects can be expected.

[0031] As another example, if a logistics company using an aerial vehicle wishes to build an aerial delivery route in the unused space above the railway tracks on Land I owned by the Railroad, it can purchase Air Rights I', which allows the Railroad to secure additional financial capacity by disposing of the unused space, while the logistics company using an aerial vehicle can secure a dedicated aerial delivery route. If the Railroad plans to install a structure above the railway tracks by selling Air Rights I" located below Air Rights I', it can set up the details in a similar manner and then sell it through a competitive bidding method through the Air Rights Trading Marketplace (20).

[0032] As another example, when the government plans to set up flight routes for passenger-carrying urban aircraft, it can achieve its intended policy goal by updating altitude setting information in the altitude restriction information table (122) after clearly indicating the government's ownership of air right J', which does not infringe on the legitimate air rights of the owners of land D, land E, land F, land G, and land H. In a similar manner, by avoiding unilateral regulations such as existing altitude restrictions and by the government actively acquiring or indicating its ownership of air rights, it can effectively regulate development activities in urban areas through financial means rather than regulations, and promote balanced land development.

Claims

1. In a system for expressing and trading air rights using non-fungible digital tokens (1), A main server (100) consisting of a member information database (110) and a map information database (120); A verification unit (200) for verifying the validity of information output by the main server (100); A blockchain server (300) that records the air right registration information, the air right altitude restriction information, and the transaction condition information verified by the verification unit (200); an air rights trading marketplace (20) where the unique air rights generated by this system as non-fungible digital tokens are displayed and traded via a network; The system is configured with an operation unit (500) which is configured by a combination of a display device which outputs general information related to air rights and transaction related information on a screen, a processing unit, and an input device; The member information database (110) is composed of a registered member table (111) which systematically records the list of registered members and their unique information. The blockchain server (300) is configured with an air rights database (310), The air right database (310) is composed of an air right registration table (311), an air right altitude restriction table (312), and a transaction condition table (313) in which the information verified by the verification unit (200) is systematically recorded by item. A system for expressing and trading air rights using non-fungible digital tokens.

2. The non-fungible digital token-based air right manifestation and trading system (1) comprises the blockchain server (300) in which air right registration information, air right altitude restriction information, and trading condition information verified by the verification unit (200) are recorded; a distributed storage (400) for distributing and storing the originals of the air right registration information, the air right altitude restriction information, and the transaction condition information outside the headquarters (10) via a network; The unique air rights generated as non-fungible digital tokens based on the same itemized information shared by the blockchain server (300) and the distributed storage (400) are connected via a network through the air rights trading marketplace (20) and each operation unit (500), and are composed of buyers, sellers, middlemen, and governments who hold unique electronic wallets, The distributed storage (400) is characterized in that it is composed of an air rights registration table (411), an air rights altitude restriction table (412), and a transaction condition table (413) in which the original information recorded in the air rights database (310) is transmitted via a network and systematically recorded by item. A system for expressing and trading air rights using non-fungible digital tokens as claimed in claim 1.

3. The map information database (120) is composed of map information (121) and altitude restriction information table (122) that are outputted on a screen through a display attached to the operation unit (500), and the altitude restriction information table (122) is characterized in that the altitudes set in the altitude restriction information table (122) are systematically recorded so that the exchange value of the air right can be improved more efficiently by specifying the specific range of the air right when there is a restriction on the area where the air right of the landowner exists or when there is a surplus or shortage depending on the area by specifying the specific range of the air right as necessary.

2. The system for expressing and trading air rights using non-fungible digital tokens as claimed in claim 1.

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