Compositions Comprising Chlorantraniliprole and Certain Signaling Chemical Components - Patent application

Abstract

The present application provides pesticide compositions useful for controlling lepidoptera (e.g., Cydia pomonella) populations and reducing crop damage. Methods of preparing the compositions; methods of using the compositions; and devices containing the compositions are also provided.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 317,570, filed March 8, 2022.

[0002] The present invention relates to pesticide formulations, such as compositions useful for controlling populations of codling moth (Cydia pomonella). [Background technology]

[0003] Signal chemicals, markers or signal chemical transmission information between individuals of the same species (pheromones) or different species (allelochemicals) have been used in various biological pest control methods. These natural substances are useful due to their high selectivity and reduced chance of pests developing resistance compared to synthetic organic insecticides. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] The present application provides, inter alia, compositions comprising a signal chemical entity selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, and ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, or any combination of the foregoing signal chemical entities, chlorantraniliprole, and one or more carriers.

[0005] The present application further provides a method of preparing a composition provided herein, comprising mixing a first composition comprising a signal chemical component and one or more carriers, and a second composition comprising chlorantraniliprole and one or more carriers, thereby preparing a composition.

[0006] The present application further provides a method of controlling populations of codling moth (Cydia pomonella) comprising applying a composition provided herein to an area in an amount effective to attract the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0007] The application further provides a method of controlling populations of codling moth (Cydia pomonella) comprising applying a composition provided herein to an area where the codling moth (Cydia pomonella) is present or has been identified as being present in an amount effective to attract the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0008] The present application further provides a method of reducing crop damage comprising applying a composition provided herein to a fruit or crop growing area.

[0009] This application is (i) applying to the area a signal chemical composition comprising a signal chemical component selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, and ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, or any combination of the above signal chemical components, and one or more carriers, in an amount effective to attract codling moth (Cydia pomonella); (ii) applying to the area a pesticide composition comprising chlorantraniliprole and one or more carriers; Further provided is a method for controlling populations of codling moth (Cydia pomonella), comprising:

[0010] The present application further provides a method of controlling populations of codling moth (Cydia pomonella) in areas where the moth is present or has been identified as being present.

[0011] The present application further provides compositions that can be dispensed by any number of mechanisms and into different formulations appropriate for a particular type of application. The function of the different formulations and mechanisms is to provide release of the composition over a period of time sufficient to effectively attract the codling moth to an available source of control agent that is effective against the codling moth.

[0012] The present application further provides a mechanism or device used to release the compositions of the present disclosure, such as a time release dispenser or a spray can.

[0013] Combining a signal chemical component selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, and ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, or any combination of the aforementioned signal chemical components, chlorantraniliprole, and one or more carriers as disclosed herein, provides a means of local eradication without the need for widespread distribution of the insecticide. Adding a sustained release chemical mechanism, such as appropriate microencapsulation technology and controlled release devices, provides a means of delivering the compositions disclosed herein in a safe manner. In one embodiment, the sustained release chemical mechanism provides a means of delivering the compositions disclosed herein in a sustained manner. Combining a signal chemical component selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, and ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, or any combination of the foregoing signal chemical components, chlorantraniliprole, and one or more carriers as disclosed herein, plus a sustained release mechanism also provides a means of eradication requiring fewer insecticide applications.

[0014] The present application further provides a spray composition comprising the composition disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the spray composition further comprises a propellant.

[0015] The present application further provides a device comprising the composition described herein.

[0016] The present application further provides a device comprising the composition prepared by one or more of the methods described herein. In some embodiments, the device is a sprayer. In some embodiments, the device is selected from a centrifugal sprayer, a hand-held sprayer, a backpack sprayer, a boom sprayer, and a mobile sprayer. In some embodiments, the device is a dispenser. In some embodiments, the dispenser allows for sustained release of the composition described herein. In some embodiments, the dispenser allows for the release of the composition disclosed herein in a sustained manner.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention belongs.Methods and materials for use in the present invention are described herein; other suitable methods and materials known in the art can also be used.Materials, methods; and examples are merely illustrative and not limiting.All published documents, patent applications; patents, sequences, database entries, and other references described herein are incorporated by reference in their entirety.In case of discrepancy, the present specification, including definitions, will control. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1A] Figures 1A-1C show aerial images of the farms and plots evaluated in the field trial described in Example 1. Plot sizes: Farm 1 (Figure 1A), treatment 1 = 1 ha; Farm 1, treatment 2 = 1.17 ha; Farm 1, treatment 3 = 1.1 ha; Farm 2, treatment 1 = 1.1 ha; Farm 2 (Figure 1B), treatment 2 = 1.1 ha; Farm 2, treatment 3 = 1.1 ha; Farm 3 (Figure 1C), treatment 1 = 1.08 ha; Farm 3, treatment 2 = 1.53 ha; and Farm 3, treatment 3 = 1.28 ha. [Figure 1B] Same as above. [Figure 1C] Same as above. [Diagram 2] Figure 1 shows fruit injury assessed from the field trial described in Example 1. Left bar = chlorantraniliprole (20 mL / ha); middle bar = chlorantraniliprole (20 mL / ha) + (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (200 mL / ha); right bar = standard grower treatment (90 dispensers / ha). [Diagram 3] Figure 1 shows the number of pupae assessed from the field trial described in Example 1. Left bar = chlorantraniliprole (20 mL / ha); middle bar = chlorantraniliprole (20 mL / ha) + (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (200 mL / ha); right bar = standard grower treatment (90 dispensers / ha). [Figure 4] Figure 1 shows the number of damaged fruits out of 1000 fruits per treatment from the field trial described in Example 2. Levels not joined by the same letter (a, b, c) are significantly different (Tukey's HSD 0.05). [Diagram 5] Figure 1 shows the percentage of damaged fruits out of 1000 fruits per treatment from the field trial described in Example 2. Levels not joined by the same letter (a, b, c) are significantly different (Tukey's HSD 0.05). [Figure 6] Figure 1 shows the number of larvae captured per hectare from cardboard traps placed on 100 trees from the field trial described in Example 2. Levels not linked by the same letter (a, b, c) are significantly different (Student's T0.05). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The present application relates to compositions comprising signal chemical moths selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, and ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, or any combination of the foregoing signal chemical moths, chlorantraniliprole, and one or more carriers, which are useful for controlling populations of the codling moth (Cydia pomonella), a major pest of apple and pear, by attracting, attracting, and killing adult moths and larvae responsible for crop damage and / or by mating disruption. Signal chemicals selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, and ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, or any combination of the foregoing signal chemical components, are useful in a variety of insect control methods including, for example, as "bait" in traps used to attract and capture male insects (pheromones; e.g., (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal) or to attract and capture female and male insects (kairomones, e.g., ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate). Alternatively, signal chemicals selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, and ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, or any combination of the foregoing signal chemical components, can be dispersed from one or more sources to confuse male insects and hinder their attempts to find females, thereby disrupting mating.

[0020] Compositions and methods Accordingly, the present application provides compositions comprising a signal chemical component selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, and ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, or any combination of the foregoing signal chemical components, chlorantraniliprole, and one or more carriers.

[0021] In some embodiments, the compositions comprise (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, chlorantraniliprole, and one or more carriers.

[0022] In some embodiments, the compositions comprise ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, chlorantraniliprole, and one or more carriers.

[0023] In some embodiments, the signal chemical component comprises one or more agents suitable for attracting Lepidoptera species.

[0024] In some embodiments, the Lepidoptera species is Alabama argillacea, Anticarsia gemmatalis, Archips argyrospila, A. rosana, Chilo suppressalis, Chrysodeixis inludens, Cnaphalocrosis medinalis Guenee, Crambus caliginosellus, Crambus teterrellus, Cydia pomonella, Diatraea saccharalis, Earias insurana, or the like. insulana, Earias vittella, Eupecilia ambiguella, Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa zea Boddie, Heliothis virescens, Herpetogramma licarsisalis, Lobesia botrana, Ostrinia nubilalis, Pectinophora gossypiella, Phyllocnistis citrella, Pieris brassicae Linnaeus, Pieris rapae, Plutella xylostella, Scirpophaga incertulas, Sesamia inferens, Spodoptera cosmioides, Spodoptera eridania, Spodopteraexigua, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera frugiperda, Trichoplusia ni, and Tuta absoluta.

[0025] In some embodiments, the signal chemical component comprises one or more agents suitable for attracting the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0026] In some embodiments, the signal chemical component comprises (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate. In some embodiments, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate are suitable for attracting the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0027] In some embodiments, the signal chemical component comprises (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, or any combination thereof.

[0028] In some embodiments, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or combinations thereof are suitable for attracting the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0029] In some embodiments, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol is suitable for attracting the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0030] In some embodiments, ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate is suitable for attracting the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0031] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 20% to about 60% by weight of signal chemical constituents selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, and (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or a combination of the above, relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, and (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, respectively, or a combination of the above, and chlorantraniliprole in the composition. For example, about 20% by weight, about 25% by weight, about 30% by weight, about 35% by weight, about 40% by weight, about 45% by weight, about 50% by weight, about 55% by weight, or about 60% by weight of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or a combination of the above, relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or a combination of the above, and chlorantraniliprole.

[0032] In some embodiments, the signal chemical component is (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol. In some embodiments, the signal chemical component is (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate. In some embodiments, the signal chemical component is (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal.

[0033] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 35% to about 45% by weight of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or a combination thereof, relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or a combination thereof, and chlorantraniliprole, respectively, in the composition. In some embodiments, the composition comprises (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol. In some embodiments, the composition comprises (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate. In some embodiments, the composition comprises (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal.

[0034] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 40% to about 45% by weight of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or a combination thereof, relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or a combination thereof, and chlorantraniliprole, respectively, in the composition. In some embodiments, the composition comprises (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol. In some embodiments, the composition comprises (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate. In some embodiments, the composition comprises (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal.

[0035] In some embodiments, the signal chemical component comprises ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate.

[0036] In some embodiments, ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate is the kairomone.

[0037] In some embodiments, ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate is suitable for attracting the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0038] In some embodiments, the composition contains about 1% to about 15% by weight of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate relative to the total amount of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and chlorantraniliprole in the composition, for example, about 1%, about 2%, about 3%, about 4%, about 5%, about 6%, about 7%, about 8%, about 9%, about 10%, about 11%, about 12%, about 13%, about 14%, or about 15% by weight of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate relative to the total amount of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0039] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 1% to about 10% by weight of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate relative to the total amount of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0040] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 5% to about 10% by weight of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate relative to the total amount of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0041] In some embodiments, the pesticide component is suitable for controlling populations of lepidoptera species.

[0042] In some embodiments, the Lepidoptera species is Alabama argillacea, Anticarsia gemmatalis, Archips argyrospila, A. rosana, Chilo suppressalis, Chrysodeixis inludens, Cnaphalocrosis medinalis Guenee, Crambus caliginosellus, Crambus teterrellus, Cydia pomonella, Diatraea saccharalis, Earias insurana, or the like. insulana, Earias vittella, Eupecilia ambiguella, Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa zea Boddie, Heliothis virescens, Herpetogramma licarsisalis, Lobesia botrana, Ostrinia nubilalis, Pectinophora gossypiella, Phyllocnistis citrella, Pieris brassicae Linnaeus, Pieris rapae, Plutella xylostella, Scirpophaga incertulas, Sesamia inferens, Spodoptera cosmioides, Spodoptera eridania, Spodopteraexigua, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera frugiperda, Trichoplusia ni, and Tuta absoluta. In some embodiments, the pesticide component is suitable for controlling populations of codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0043] In some embodiments, the pesticide component is chlorantraniliprole. As used herein, the terms "chlorantraniliprole" and "Rynaxypyr®" refer to 3-bromo-N-(4-chloro-2-methyl-6-(methylcarbamoyl)phenyl)-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide (structure shown below). [ka]

[0044] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 40% to about 99% by weight of chlorantraniliprole relative to the total amount of signal chemical components as described herein and chlorantraniliprole in the composition, e.g., about 40%, about 45%, about 50%, about 55%, about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 85%, about 90%, about 91%, about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about 98%, or about 99% by weight of chlorantraniliprole relative to the total amount of signal chemical components as described herein and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0045] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 40% to about 80% by weight of chlorantraniliprole relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or combinations of the above, and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0046] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 40% to about 80% by weight of chlorantraniliprole relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0047] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 55% to about 65% by weight of chlorantraniliprole relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or combinations of the above, and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0048] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 55% to about 65% chlorantraniliprole by weight relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0049] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 55% to about 60% by weight of chlorantraniliprole relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or combinations of the above, and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0050] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 55% to about 60% chlorantraniliprole by weight relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0051] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 20% to about 60% by weight of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or a combination of the above, and about 40% to about 80% by weight of chlorantraniliprole, relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or a combination of the above, and chlorantraniliprole, respectively, in the composition.

[0052] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 20% to about 60% by weight of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, and about 40% to about 80% by weight of chlorantraniliprole, relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0053] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 35% to about 45% by weight of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or a combination of the above, and about 55% to about 65% by weight of chlorantraniliprole, relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or a combination of the above, and chlorantraniliprole, respectively, in the composition.

[0054] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 35% to about 45% by weight of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, and about 55% to about 65% by weight of chlorantraniliprole, relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0055] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 40% to about 45% by weight of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or a combination of the above, and about 55% to about 60% by weight of chlorantraniliprole, relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or a combination of the above, and chlorantraniliprole, respectively, in the composition.

[0056] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 40% to about 45% by weight of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, and about 55% to about 60% by weight of chlorantraniliprole, relative to the total amount of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0057] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 85% to about 99% chlorantraniliprole by weight relative to the total amount of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0058] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 90% to about 99% chlorantraniliprole by weight relative to the total amount of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0059] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 90% to about 95% chlorantraniliprole by weight relative to the total amount of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0060] In some embodiments, the composition comprises from about 1% to about 15% by weight of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, and from about 85% to about 99% by weight of chlorantraniliprole, relative to the total amount of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0061] In some embodiments, the composition comprises from about 1% to about 10% by weight of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, and from about 90% to about 99% by weight of chlorantraniliprole, relative to the total amount of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0062] In some embodiments, the composition comprises about 5% to about 10% by weight of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, and about 90% to about 95% by weight of chlorantraniliprole, relative to the total amount of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and chlorantraniliprole in the composition.

[0063] In some embodiments, the composition comprises one or more carriers selected from water, oil, emulsifiers, UV absorbers, UV blockers, surfactants, antioxidants, viscosity modifiers, inert solvents, dispersants, buffers, excipients, and polymers, or any combination thereof. Examples of suitable carriers can be found, for example, in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2019 / 0082685, U.S. Patent No. 6,528,049, and International Application PCT / US2020 / 065528.

[0064] In some embodiments, the carrier comprises an inert solvent, hi some embodiments, the inert solvent is an inert organic solvent. Examples of solvents include, but are not limited to, glycols; such as propylene glycol and polyethylene glycols of different molecular weights; ketones, such as methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone and cyclohexanone; amides; such as dimethylformamide or diethylformamide; N,N-dialkylated carboxamides; alkyllactams; such as substituted pyrrolidone and caprolactam hydrocarbons; n-paraffins and isoparaffins; aromatic hydrocarbons; such as xylene and aromatic distillation fractions; esters, such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, dibutyl adipate and di-n-butyl phthalate; ethers; such as propylene glycol methyl ether or propylene glycol butyl ether; alcohols, such as ethanol, n- and i-propanol, n- and i-butanol, n- and i-amyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, 1-methoxy-2-propanol and higher alcohols; dimethyl sulfoxide; dioxane; and tetrahydrofuran. The solvent can be used in the form of individual components or mixtures. In some embodiments, the solvent is not overly volatile and can be miscible with one or more additional carriers described herein (e.g., miscible with an ultraviolet light absorber or blocker as described herein).

[0065] In some embodiments, the carrier comprises water, hi some embodiments, the carrier is substantially free of water.

[0066] In some embodiments, the carrier comprises an ultraviolet light absorber. Examples of ultraviolet light absorbers include, but are not limited to, 2H-benzotriazole; 2-hydroxy-alkoxybenzophenone, oxalanilide, cinnamic acid and its derivatives; triazine and its derivatives, and the like.

[0067] In some embodiments, the carrier comprises an ultraviolet light blocking agent. Examples of ultraviolet light blocking agents include, but are not limited to, carbon black, iron oxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, calcium carbonate, talc, and dyes such as Sudan Black, Chromophthalic Blue, Terasil Blue, and Cibasset Yellow.

[0068] In some embodiments, the carrier comprises an antioxidant. Examples of antioxidants include, but are not limited to, sterically hindered phenols and alkyl-substituted hydroxyanisoles and hydroxytoluenes, PERMALUX®, NEOZONE® A or D, TOPANOL CA®, N,N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine and other substituted phenylenediamines.

[0069] In some embodiments, the carrier comprises a viscosity modifier, a buffer, or any combination thereof. Examples of viscosity modifiers and buffers suitable for formulating the pesticide composition will be readily apparent to those of skill in the art, as described herein.

[0070] In some embodiments, the carrier comprises an oil. Examples of oils include, but are not limited to, vegetable oil, ethoxylated soybean oil; castor oil, and rapeseed oil.

[0071] In some embodiments, carrier comprises emulsifier, including nonionic and anionic emulsifier.Examples of emulsifier include, but are not limited to, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester; polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol ether and alkylaryl surfactant.Other suitable emulsifiers are known in the art and can be found, for example, in McCutcheon's "Emulsifiers and Detergents" (1982), North America Edit., MC Publishing co., 30 Glen Rock, NJ.

[0072] In some embodiments, the carrier comprises an excipient. Non-limiting examples of suitable excipients include, but are not limited to, water, N,N-dimethyl alkanamides (e.g., N,N-dimethylformamide), limonene, dimethyl sulfoxide, N-alkylpyrrolidones (e.g., N-methylpyrrolidinone), alkyl phosphates (e.g., triethyl phosphate), ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, paraffins (e.g., white mineral oil, normal paraffin, isoparaffin), alkyl benzenes; alkyl naphthalenes, glycerin, glycerol triacetate, sorbitol, aromatic hydrocarbons; dearomatized aliphatic compounds, alkyl benzenes; alkyl naphthalenes, ketones such as cyclohexanone, 2-heptanone, isophorone, and 4-hydroxy-4-methyl- 2-pentanone, acetate esters such as isoamyl acetate, hexyl acetate, heptyl acetate, octyl acetate, nonyl acetate, tridecyl acetate and isobornyl acetate, other esters such as alkylated lactates, dibasic esters, alkyl and aryl benzoates; gamma-butyrolactone, and alcohols which may be linear, branched, saturated or unsaturated, such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, n-butanol, i-butanol, n-hexanol, 2-ethylhexanol, n-octanol, decanol, i-decyl alcohol, i-octadecanol, cetyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, diacetone alcohol, cresol, benzyl alcohol, and combinations thereof. Excipients also include saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (typically C 6~22Excipients include glycerol esters of fatty acids, such as vegetable seed and fruit oils, such as olive, castor, linseed, sesame, corn (maize), peanut, sunflower, grape seed, safflower, cottonseed, soybean, rapeseed (canola) oils (e.g., rapeseed oil and Codacide® oil containing emulsifiers), coconut and palm kernel oils, fats of animal origin (e.g., beef tallow, lard, cod liver oil, fish oil), and mixtures thereof. Excipients also include alkylated fatty acids (e.g., methylated, ethylated, butylated), where the fatty acids may be obtained by hydrolysis of glycerol esters from vegetable and animal sources and can be purified by distillation.

[0073] In some embodiments, the carrier comprises a polymer (eg, a polymeric surfactant).

[0074] In some embodiments, the carrier comprises a surfactant. In some embodiments, the surfactant is a gemini surfactant. As used herein, the term "gemini surfactant" refers to a surfactant having multiple hydrophilic head groups and hydrophobic tail groups connected by a spacer at or near the head groups. A non-limiting example of a gemini surfactant includes Surfynol104PG50. In some embodiments, the gemini surfactant comprises at least two polar groups selected from alcohol, halogen; amine; phosphate; sulfate; sulfonate; and carboxylate.

[0075] In some embodiments, the carrier comprises a dispersant. As used herein, the term "dispersant" refers to an agent that can disperse the active ingredients (i.e., the signal chemical component and the pesticide component) in the composition and prevent agglomeration after dispersion in water.

[0076] In some embodiments, the dispersant comprises at least one polymeric surfactant. Polymeric surfactants are classified into several categories, including but not limited to block copolymers, random copolymers; graft copolymers, and star polymers. Polymeric surfactants can be non-ionic or anionic. Examples of block copolymers include but are not limited to Atlas™ G-5000 and Atlas™ G-5002L (butyl block copolymers). A non-limiting example of a graft copolymer is Atlox® 4913 (a methyl methacrylate graft copolymer backbone with PEG extended therefrom). A non-limiting example of a non-ionic polymer is Break Thru® DA647. A non-limiting example of an anionic polymer is a modified styrene acrylic polymer (e.g., Metasperse™ 550s), or a salt of lignosulfonic acid (e.g., Reax88B or Borresperse NA).

[0077] In some embodiments, the dispersant is selected from sulfonated aromatic polymer sodium salts; alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensates sodium salts; alkyl naphthalene sulfonates; alkyl naphthalene sulfonate salts, naphthalene sulfonate salts, naphthalene sulfonate condensates, naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensates, naphthalene sulfonic acid polymers with formaldehyde and sodium, naphthalene sulfonate condensates sodium salts; alkyl naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensates, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensates salts, and combinations thereof.

[0078] In some embodiments, the dispersant is selected from sulfonated aromatic polymer sodium salts; alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensates sodium salts; naphthalene sulfonate condensates, naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensates, naphthalene sulfonic acid polymers with formaldehyde and sodium, naphthalene sulfonate condensates sodium salts; alkyl naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensates salts, and combinations thereof.

[0079] In some embodiments, the dispersant is selected from sodium lignosulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate, sodium salt of lignosulfonate, lignosulfonic acid, and combinations thereof.

[0080] In some embodiments, the dispersant is selected from Atlox4913, Atlas™ G-5000, Morwet D425, and combinations thereof.

[0081] In some embodiments, the dispersant is selected from anionic dispersants, including, but not limited to, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensates (e.g., Morwet D-400 and Morwet D-809), lignin sulfonates (e.g., Reax88B and Polyfon F), blends of lignin and naphthalene sulfonates (e.g., Morwet D-360 and Morwet D-390), Morwet D-500 (a blend of Morwet D-425 and block copolymers), phenol sulfonate condensates (e.g., Vultamol® DN), polyacrylates (e.g., Agrilan 789 and Agrilan 700), polyacrylate graft copolymers (e.g., Dispersogen ACP120), sodium salts of fatty acid methyl taurides (e.g., Hostapon® DN), and the like. TPHC), sodium salts of cresol-formaldehyde condensation products (e.g., Dispersogen 1494), styrene acrylic copolymers (e.g., Metasperse 550S), alkoxylate fatty alcohol phosphate esters (e.g., Crodafos C10 / 5A and Dextrol OC-180), arylphenol ethoxylate phosphate esters (e.g., Soprophor FLK), arylphenol ethoxylate sulfate esters (e.g., Soprophor 4D384), maleic acid / acrylic acid copolymers (e.g., Sokalan® CP5 and Sokalan® CP7), maleic acid / olefin copolymers (e.g., Sokalan® CP9), alkyl diphenyl oxide sulfonates (e.g., Dowfax 3B2 and Dowfax C10L), and salts of vinyl ether polymers and copolymers (e.g., EasySperse™ P-20).

[0082] In some embodiments, the dispersant is selected from naphthalene sulfonate derivatives; and lignosulfonate derivatives; or any combination thereof.

[0083] In some embodiments, the naphthalene sulfonate derivative is selected from sulfonated aromatic polymer sodium salt; alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensate sodium salt; alkyl naphthalene sulfonate; alkyl naphthalene sulfonate salts, naphthalene sulfonate salts, naphthalene sulfonate condensates, naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensates, naphthalene sulfonic acid polymers with formaldehyde and sodium, naphthalene sulfonate condensates sodium salt; alkyl naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensates, and alkyl naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensates salts, or any combination thereof.

[0084] In some embodiments, the naphthalene sulfonate derivative is a sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate-formaldehyde condensate.

[0085] In some embodiments, the lignosulfonate derivative is selected from sodium lignosulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate, sodium lignosulfonate salt, and lignosulfonic acid, or any combination thereof.

[0086] In some embodiments, the compositions provided herein are suspension concentrates. As used herein, suspension concentrates (SCs; or suspension concentrate formulations) comprise solid active ingredients dispersed in water. SCs are particularly useful due to their ease of use and effectiveness, elimination of dust, and elimination of solvent hazards, for example, when compared with emulsifiable concentrates (ECs) and wettable powder (WP) formulations. Methods for preparing suspension concentrates are known in the art and are described, for example, in International Application PCT / US2020 / 065528.

[0087] In some embodiments, the compositions provided herein are capsule suspensions.

[0088] In some embodiments, the composition provided herein is a mixture of suspension concentrate and capsule suspension. As used herein, capsule suspension (CS) refers to a composition containing an active ingredient encapsulated in a polymer shell suspended in water in combination with a dispersing agent and a wetting agent. In some embodiments, the wetting agent is a gemini surfactant as described herein. In some embodiments, the wetting agent is a gemini surfactant containing at least two polar groups selected from alcohol, halogen; amine; phosphate; sulfate; sulfonate; and carboxylate. In some embodiments, the wetting agent is a branched or unbranched C1-C 12 Alkyl, branched or unbranched, C1-C 12 Alkenyl, and branched or unbranched C1-C 12 In some embodiments, the wetting agent is a gemini surfactant that includes at least two hydrophobic chains selected from C1 to C6 alkynyl. 12 Alkyl, C1-C 12 Alkenyl, and C1-C 12 A gemini surfactant comprising a spacer selected from alkynyl. In some embodiments, the wetting agent is 2,4,7,9-tetramethyldec-5-yne-4,7-diol (Surfynol 104). In some embodiments, the wetting agent is 2,5,8,11-tetramethyl-6-dodecyne-5,8-diol ethoxylate (Dynol 607).

[0089] In some embodiments, the compositions provided herein are homogeneous mixtures. In some embodiments, the compositions provided herein are sprayable compositions.

[0090] Methods for preparing the compositions The present application further provides methods of preparing the compositions provided herein (e.g., compositions comprising a signal chemical component selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, and ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, or any combination of the foregoing signal chemical components, chlorantraniliprole, and one or more carriers).

[0091] In some embodiments, the method comprises mixing a first composition comprising a signal chemical component, a second composition comprising chlorantraniliprole, and one or more additional compositions comprising one or more carriers, thereby preparing a composition.

[0092] In some embodiments, the first composition is a premix comprising the signal chemical component and one or more carriers.

[0093] In some embodiments, the second composition is a premix comprising chlorantraniliprole and one or more carriers.

[0094] In some embodiments, the method includes mixing a first composition comprising a signal chemical component and one or more carriers and a second composition comprising chlorantraniliprole and one or more carriers, thereby preparing a composition.

[0095] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 1% w / v to about 20% w / v of the signal chemical component, e.g., about 1%, about 5%, 10%, about 11%, about 12%, about 13%, about 14%, about 15%, about 16%, about 17%, about 18%, about 19%, or about 20% w / v.

[0096] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 13% w / v to about 15% w / v of the signal chemical component.

[0097] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 13% to about 15% w / v of the pheromone.

[0098] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 14% w / v of a pheromone selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, and any combination of the foregoing.

[0099] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 14 w / v% (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol.

[0100] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 13% w / v to about 15% w / v of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or any combination of the foregoing.

[0101] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 13% w / v to about 15% w / v of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol.

[0102] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 13% w / v to about 15% w / v of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or any combination of the foregoing, and one or more carriers.

[0103] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 13% w / v to about 15% w / v of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol and one or more carriers.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 14 w / v% (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or any combination of the foregoing.

[0105] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 14 w / v% (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol.

[0106] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 14 w / v% (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or any combination of the foregoing, and one or more carriers.

[0107] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 14 w / v % (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol and one or more carriers.

[0108] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 14 w / v % (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or any combination of the foregoing, and one or more carriers, and is a suspension concentrate.

[0109] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 14% w / v of (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol and one or more carriers and is a suspension concentrate.

[0110] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, sold under the trade name Checkmate-CM-F®.

[0111] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate.

[0112] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal.

[0113] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 1% w / v to about 10% w / v of the signal chemical component.

[0114] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 4% w / v to about 6% w / v of the signal chemical component.

[0115] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 1% w / v to about 10% w / v of ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate.

[0116] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 4% w / v to about 6% w / v ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate.

[0117] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 4% w / v to about 6% w / v ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and one or more carriers.

[0118] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 5% w / v ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate.

[0119] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 5% w / v ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and one or more carriers.

[0120] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises about 5% w / v ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and one or more carriers and is a capsule suspension.

[0121] In some embodiments, the first composition comprises (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, sold under the trade name Cidetrak® DA MEC.

[0122] In some embodiments, the second composition comprises about 15% w / v to about 25% w / v chlorantraniliprole.

[0123] In some embodiments, the second composition comprises about 15% to about 25% w / v chlorantraniliprole and one or more carriers.

[0124] In some embodiments, the second composition comprises about 17% w / v to about 19% w / v chlorantraniliprole.

[0125] In some embodiments, the second composition comprises about 17% to about 19% w / v chlorantraniliprole and one or more carriers.

[0126] In some embodiments, the second composition comprises about 18% w / v chlorantraniliprole.

[0127] In some embodiments, the second composition comprises about 18% w / v chlorantraniliprole and one or more carriers.

[0128] In some embodiments, the second composition is a suspension concentrate. In some embodiments, the second composition is Coragen® 200SC.

[0129] How to use The present application further provides a method for controlling populations of lepidoptera as described herein. In some embodiments, the method includes applying a composition provided herein (e.g., a composition comprising a signal chemical component, chlorantraniliprole, and one or more carriers as described herein) to an area in an amount effective to attract lepidoptera, where the area has been identified as being or having been inhabited by lepidoptera.

[0130] In some embodiments, the methods include applying a composition provided herein (e.g., a composition including a signal chemical component, chlorantraniliprole, and one or more carriers as described herein) to an area in an amount effective to attract codling moth (Cydia pomonella), where the area has been identified as being or having been inhabited by codling moth (Cydia pomonella). In some embodiments, the methods include attracting male codling moth (Cydia pomonella). In some embodiments, the methods include attracting female codling moth (Cydia pomonella). In some embodiments, the methods provided herein further include disrupting mating of the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0131] In some embodiments, the area to be treated is an orchard (e.g., a fruit orchard, e.g., an apple orchard) or a field (e.g., a crop field, e.g., a grain field). In some embodiments, the area is a pome orchard, a nut orchard, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the area is an apple orchard, a pear orchard, a walnut orchard, a pecan orchard, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the area is an apple orchard.

[0132] In some embodiments, the area has been identified as being or having been inhabited by lepidoptera, hi some embodiments, the composition is applied in an amount effective to attract lepidoptera to the area.

[0133] In some embodiments, areas infested with codling moth (Cydia pomonella) have been identified through predictive modeling based on real-time data from in-field sensors.

[0134] In some embodiments, the in-field sensor is Arc™ Farm Intelligence (see International Applications PCT / US21 / 20805 and PCT / US21 / 20809).

[0135] In some embodiments, the area has been identified as being or having been inhabited by the codling moth (Cydia pomonella), hi some embodiments, the composition is applied in an amount effective to attract the codling moth (Cydia pomonella) to the area.

[0136] In some embodiments, applying comprises spraying (eg, spraying the composition onto the area to be treated).

[0137] The present application further provides a method for reducing crop damage, comprising applying the composition provided herein to the area where fruit or crops are growing.Crop examples include, but are not limited to, cereals, fruit trees, citrus fruits, legumes, horticultural crops, cucurbits, oil plants, tobacco, coffee, tea, cocoa, sugar beet, sugar cane, and cotton.

[0138] In some embodiments, the crop is a pome crop, a nut crop, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the crop is an apple crop, a pear crop, a walnut crop, a pecan crop, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, the crop is an apple crop.

[0139] It is understood that wild plant species and plant cultivars; or those obtained by conventional biological breeding methods; for example, by crossing or protoplast fusion, as well as parts thereof, may be treated. Furthermore, transgenic plants and plant cultivars (genetically modified organisms) obtained by genetic engineering methods, where appropriate in combination with conventional methods, as well as parts thereof, may also be treated. Plants of plant cultivars that are in each case commercially available or in use are treated according to the present disclosure. Plant cultivars are understood to mean plants that have novel properties ("traits") that have been obtained by conventional breeding, mutagenesis or recombinant DNA techniques. These may be cultivars; biotypes or genotypes. Transgenic plants or plant cultivars (obtained by genetic engineering) that may be treated according to the present disclosure include all plants that have received, by genetic recombination, genetic material that confers certain advantageous and useful traits on these plants. Examples of such traits can be found, for example, in International Application PCT / US2020 / 065528.

[0140] In some embodiments, the method comprises applying the composition to the area in an amount sufficient to achieve a concentration of about 25 g / ha to about 75 g / ha of a signal chemical component described herein, e.g., (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or any combination of the above. In some embodiments, the signal chemical component is (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol.

[0141] In some embodiments, the method comprises applying the composition to the area in an amount sufficient to achieve a concentration of about 25 g / ha to about 35 g / ha of a signal chemical component described herein, e.g., (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or any combination of the above. In some embodiments, the signal chemical component is (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol.

[0142] In some embodiments, the method includes applying the composition to the area in an amount sufficient to achieve a concentration of about 30 g / ha of a signal chemical component described herein, e.g., (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, or (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, or any combination of the above. In some embodiments, the signal chemical component is (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol.

[0143] In some embodiments, the methods include applying the composition to the area in an amount sufficient to achieve a concentration of about 0.5 g / ha to about 5 g / ha of a signal chemical component described herein, e.g., ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate.

[0144] In some embodiments, the methods include applying the composition to the area in an amount sufficient to achieve a concentration of about 0.5 g / ha to about 1.5 g / ha of a signal chemical component described herein, e.g., ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate.

[0145] In some embodiments, the method includes applying the composition to the area in an amount sufficient to achieve a concentration of about 1 g / ha of a signal chemical component described herein, e.g., ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate.

[0146] In some embodiments, the methods include applying the composition to the area in an amount sufficient to achieve a concentration of chlorantraniliprole of about 1 g / ha to about 10 g / ha.

[0147] In some embodiments, the methods include applying the composition to the area in an amount sufficient to achieve a concentration of chlorantraniliprole of about 1 g / ha to about 5 g / ha.

[0148] In some embodiments, the methods include applying the composition to an area in an amount sufficient to achieve a concentration of chlorantraniliprole of about 4 g / ha.

[0149] In some embodiments, the compositions provided herein are applied to an area one or more times.

[0150] In some embodiments, the compositions provided herein are applied to an area one or more times per season.

[0151] In some embodiments, the compositions provided herein are applied to an area 1-5 times per season.

[0152] In some embodiments, the methods provided herein include a first application of about 200 DD to about 300 DD of a composition provided herein after the first flight of the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0153] In some embodiments, the methods provided herein include a first application of about 240 DD to about 260 DD of a composition provided herein after the first flight of the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0154] In some embodiments, the methods provided herein include a first application of about 250 DD of a composition provided herein after the first flight of the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0155] In some embodiments, the methods provided herein further comprise a second application of about 15 DD to about 25 DD of the composition after the first application.

[0156] As used herein, the term "DD" refers to "degree days", a measurement of heat units over a period of time calculated from daily maximum and minimum temperatures, which is used to predict insect life cycles and time insecticide treatments to those life cycles (see, e.g., Intermountain Tree Fruit Production Guide, Utah State University, IPM Methods: Determining Treatment Timing Using Degree Days and Insect Phenology Models at https: / / intermountainfruit.org / ipm-methods / treatment-timing). Unless otherwise stated, in this disclosure, degrees refer to degrees Celsius (°C).

[0157] In some embodiments, the methods provided herein further comprise a second application of the composition about 21 DD after the first application.

[0158] This application is (i) applying to the area a signal chemical composition comprising a signal chemical component selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, and ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, or any combination of the foregoing signal chemical components, and one or more carriers, in an amount effective to attract lepidoptera; (ii) applying to the area a pesticide composition comprising chlorantraniliprole and one or more carriers; The present invention further provides a method for controlling lepidoptera populations, comprising: Here, areas have been identified that are or have been inhabited by lepidoptera.

[0159] This application is (i) applying to the area a signal chemical composition comprising a signal chemical component selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, and ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, or any combination of the foregoing signal chemical components, and one or more carriers, in an amount effective to attract codling moth (Cydia pomonella); (ii) applying to the area a pesticide composition comprising chlorantraniliprole and one or more carriers; The present invention further provides a method for controlling populations of codling moth (Cydia pomonella), comprising: Here, areas have been identified as being or having been inhabited by the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0160] In some embodiments, the method of controlling lepidoptera populations includes: (i) applying (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol and one or more carriers to the area in an amount effective to attract lepidoptera; (ii) applying to the area a pesticide composition comprising chlorantraniliprole and one or more carriers; Includes; Here, areas have been identified that are or have been inhabited by lepidoptera.

[0161] This application is (i) applying to an area a signal chemical composition comprising (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol and one or more carriers in an amount effective to attract codling moth (Cydia pomonella); (ii) applying to the area a pesticide composition comprising chlorantraniliprole and one or more carriers; The present invention further provides a method for controlling populations of codling moth (Cydia pomonella), comprising: Here, areas have been identified as being or having been inhabited by the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0162] In some embodiments, the method of controlling lepidoptera populations includes: (i) applying ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and one or more carriers to an area in an amount effective to attract lepidoptera; (ii) applying to the area a pesticide composition comprising chlorantraniliprole and one or more carriers; Includes; Here, areas have been identified as being or having been inhabited by lepidoptera.

[0163] This application is (i) applying to an area a signal chemical composition comprising ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate and one or more carriers in an amount effective to attract codling moth (Cydia pomonella); (ii) applying to the area a pesticide composition comprising chlorantraniliprole and one or more carriers; The present invention further provides a method for controlling populations of codling moth (Cydia pomonella), comprising: Here, areas have been identified as being or having been inhabited by the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

[0164] In some embodiments, step (i) occurs before step (ii). In some embodiments, step (ii) occurs before step (i). In some embodiments, steps (i) and (ii) occur substantially simultaneously.

[0165] In some embodiments, the signal chemical composition comprising a signal chemical component selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, and any combination of the aforementioned signal chemical components, and the pesticide composition comprising chlorantraniliprole are applied separately. In some embodiments, the signal chemical component is (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol. In some embodiments, the signal chemical component is ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate. In some embodiments, the combined composition is a sprayable composition.

[0166] In some embodiments, a signal chemical composition comprising a signal chemical component selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, and any combination of the aforementioned signal chemical components is applied one or more times to the area. In some embodiments, the signal chemical component is (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, in some embodiments, the signal chemical component is ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, and in some embodiments, a pesticide composition comprising chlorantraniliprole is applied one or more times to the area. In some embodiments, the combined composition is applied one or more times to the area. In some embodiments, the method is performed one or more times per season. In some embodiments, the method is performed 1-5 times per season.

[0167] Apparatus and kit The present application further provides kits and devices comprising one or more containers containing the compositions provided herein and / or a container containing one or more components for preparing the compositions described herein. Such kits can further comprise one or more of various kit components, such as a container containing a signal chemical component, a container containing a pesticide component, a container containing one or more carriers, etc., as would be readily apparent to one skilled in the art. Instructions as inserts or labels indicating the amount of components and / or the amount of composition to be applied to an area, and / or guidelines for application and / or guidelines for mixing components, can also be included in the kit.

[0168] In some embodiments, the present application provides a device comprising a composition comprising a signal chemical component, a pesticide component, and one or more carriers, as described herein. In some embodiments, the device is adapted to spray the composition. EXAMPLES

[0169] The present invention will be described in more detail by way of specific examples. The following examples are provided for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the present invention in any manner. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize various non-critical parameters that can be changed or modified to produce essentially the same results.

[0170] Example 1. Efficacy of chlorantraniliprole plus pheromone treatments to control codling moth (Cydia pomonella) in apple crops Field trials were conducted in Argentina to determine the effectiveness of blending the codling moth pheromone, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, with chlorantraniliprole for control of codling moth populations in apple orchards. The first codling moth flight was targeted, at which point pheromone dispensers, a standard grower treatment, were installed in each field. Applications of chlorantraniliprole or chlorantraniliprole + pheromone were timed to when eggs were expected to hatch.

[0171] A treatment program was conducted involving nine plots of land across three farms (see Figures 1A-C). Specific tests and application timings are summarized in Table 1. SC = suspension concentrate; VP = vapor release agent; WG = water dispersible granules.

[0172] [Table 1]

[0173] Briefly, one treatment program was performed using an application of pheromone alone at 90DD, followed by chlorantraniliprole and pheromone at 250DD and 250DD+21 days, respectively. Separate treatments were performed by applying chlorantraniliprole alone at 250DD and 250DD+21 days. A third treatment was performed by applying a standard grower treatment of pheromone (Cidetrak® CM Meso in a dispenser) at 90DD, followed by an application of acetamiprid at 250DD, and phosmet at 250DD+14 days and 250DD+28 days.

[0174] Treatment efficacy was determined by assessing 1000 fruits in each area for codling moth damage, with fruit damage counts conducted prior to the second generation flight. One hundred trees were banded with 8 cm wide bands of cardboard (one per trunk) to capture fifth instar first generation codling moth larvae as they crawled the trees in search of a pupation site. The bands were removed during the second week of January, taken to the laboratory and counted.

[0175] As shown in Figure 2, all treatments provided good control of codling moth damage at the end of the overwintering generation flight. For many trials, fruit damage was too low to allow conclusions about the effectiveness of the treatments. In the trial with the highest infestation of codling moth (trial 4 in Figure 2), significantly less fruit was found to be damaged in the chlorantraniliprole + pheromone plots compared to the plots containing chlorantraniliprole alone and pheromone + acetamiprid / imidan applications, as shown in Table 2 and Figure 2. Letters in Table 2 indicate significantly different groups by chi-square test calculations.

[0176] [Table 2]

[0177] As shown in Table 3 and Figure 3, in the trial with the highest infestation of codling moth (trial 4 in Figure 2), significantly fewer pupae were found in the tree bands placed in the chlorantraniliprole + pheromone plot compared to the plots containing chlorantraniliprole alone and pheromone + acetamiprid / imidan applications.

[0178] [Table 3]

[0179] In summary, this study showed that the addition of codling moth pheromone to chlorantraniliprole significantly and unexpectedly improved codling moth control compared to (1) chlorantraniliprole alone; and (2) the application of the pheromone and acetamiprid / imidan combination that is the grower standard in Argentina for apple crops.

[0180] Example 2. Efficacy of chlorantraniliprole plus kairomone treatments to control codling moth (Cydia pomonella) in apple crops A field trial was conducted in Argentina to evaluate the efficacy of chlorantraniliprole in combination with the kairomone, ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, in improving codling moth (Cydia pomonella) control in foliar applications on apple (Malus domestica) compared to the efficacy of chlorantraniliprole alone and the kairomone alone. The treatment protocol is shown in Table 4. SC = suspension concentrate; CS = capsule suspension.

[0181] [Table 4]

[0182] The efficacy of the test was evaluated by (1) comparing the number of damaged fruits across treatment groups; (2) comparing the larvae captured per hectare captured from cardboard traps placed on 100 trees. As shown in Figures 4-5, there was a significant difference in damaged fruit treatments that included chlorantraniliprole + kairomone compared to fruits treated with chlorantraniliprole alone. Kairomone applied without insecticide showed significantly more damaged fruits compared to all other treatments. As shown in Figure 6, there was a significant difference in larvae observed per hectare between the chlorantraniliprole + kairomone (7 mL cp / hl + 1 mL cp / hl) treatment compared to the chlorantraniliprole only treatment. Kairomone applied without insecticide showed significantly more larvae per hectare compared to all other treatments.

[0183] In summary, this field trial showed that all doses of chlorantraniliprole + kairomone were effective in reducing Cydia damage to fruit and all doses of chlorantraniliprole + kairomone were effective in reducing codling moth (Cydia pomonella) populations based on the number of larvae captured in cardboard traps. Additionally, all doses of chlorantraniliprole + kairomone performed better than simply applying chlorantraniliprole in reducing fruit damage, and chlorantraniliprole + kairomone (7 mL cp / hl + 1 mL cp / hl) showed a significantly better reduction in the number of larvae captured compared to chlorantraniliprole treatments applied without the kairomone.

[0184] Other embodiments While the present invention has been described in conjunction with its detailed description, it should be understood that the above description is intended to illustrate and not to limit the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Other aspects, advantages, and modifications are within the scope of the following claims. It should be recognized by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains that any of the features described herein can be combined with any one or more of the other features of any other aspect and / or embodiment of the invention described herein, with modifications as necessary to ensure compatibility of the combination, with respect to any particular aspect and / or embodiment of the invention. Such combinations are considered to be part of the invention contemplated by this disclosure.

Claims

1. A composition comprising a signal chemical entity selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, and ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, or any combination of the foregoing signal chemical entities, chlorantraniliprole, and one or more carriers.

2. 2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the signal chemical component comprises one or more agents suitable for attracting a species of lepidoptera.

3. The species of Lepidoptera include Alabama argillacea, Anticarsia gemmatalis, Archips argyrospira, A. rosana, Chilo suppressalis, Chrysodeixis inludens, Cnaphalocrosis medinalis, G. uene, Crambus caliginosellus, Crambus teterrelles, Cydia pomonella, Diatrea saccharalis, Earias insulana, Earias vittella, Eupecilia ambiguella, Helicoverpa armigera, Helicoverpa zea Boddie, Heliothis virescens, Herpetogramma licarsisalis, Lobesia botrana, Ostrinia nubilalis, Pectinophora gossypiella, Phyllocnistis citrella, Pieris brassicae Linnaeus, Pieris rapae, Plutella xylostella, Scirpophaga 3. The composition of claim 2, wherein the moth is selected from the group consisting of Spodoptera incertulas, Sesamia inferens, Spodoptera cosmioides, Spodoptera eridania, Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera frugiperda, Trichoplusia ni, and Tuta absoluta.

4. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the signal chemical component comprises one or more agents suitable for attracting the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

5. 5. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising from about 20% to about 60% by weight of said signal chemical component compared to the total amount of said signal chemical component and chlorantraniliprole in said composition.

6. 5. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising from about 35% to about 45% by weight of said signal chemical component compared to the total amount of signal chemical component and chlorantraniliprole component in said composition.

7. 5. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising from about 1% to about 15% by weight of said signal chemical component compared to the total amount of said signal chemical component and chlorantraniliprole in said composition.

8. 5. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising from about 1% to about 10% by weight of said signal chemical component compared to the total amount of said signal chemical component and chlorantraniliprole in said composition.

9. 9. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising about 40% to about 80% by weight of chlorantraniliprole compared to the total amount of said signal chemical component and chlorantraniliprole in said composition.

10. 9. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising from about 20% to about 60% by weight of said signal chemical component, and from about 40% to about 80% by weight of chlorantraniliprole, relative to the total amount of said signal chemical component and chlorantraniliprole in said composition.

11. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the signal chemical component is (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol.

12. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the signal chemical component is ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate.

13. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 12, further comprising a carrier.

14. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein chlorantraniliprole is suitable for controlling populations of codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

15. 15. A method of preparing a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising mixing a first composition comprising said signal chemical component and one or more carriers, and a second composition comprising chlorantraniliprole and one or more carriers, thereby preparing said composition.

16. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein the first composition comprises from about 1% w / v to about 20% w / v of the signal chemical component selected from (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienal, and ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate, or any combination of the foregoing signal chemical components.

17. 17. The method of claim 15 or 16, wherein the second composition comprises about 15% w / v to about 25% w / v chlorantraniliprole.

18. 18. The method of any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the signal chemical component is (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol.

19. 18. The method of any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the signal chemical component is ethyl (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate.

20. 15. A method of controlling populations of codling moth (Cydia pomonella), comprising applying a composition according to any one of claims 1 to 14 in an amount effective to attract the codling moth (Cydia pomonella) to an area which has been identified as being or has been inhabited by the codling moth (Cydia pomonella).

Images