Powder for use in the treatment of dental surfaces

Abstract

The present invention relates to a powder for use in the treatment of tooth surfaces with a powder jet device, said powder comprising one or more organic compounds, said one or more organic compounds having a melting point below 165°C and a solubility in water at 25°C of less than 10 g / l.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a powder for use in the treatment of tooth surfaces with a powder jet device. The present invention further relates to the use of said powder and to a coating on a tooth surface that is obtainable by applying said powder. [Background technology]

[0002] Professional dental prophylaxis is a maintenance procedure that includes powder jet cleaning or air polishing, and aims to remove plaque and tartar. Such powder jet cleaning is particularly effective because it allows to reach and clean all tooth surfaces and gaps between tooth surfaces, as well as implants, brackets, and appliances. Professional dental prophylaxis is an important procedure that helps to maintain oral hygiene, since it removes biofilm and tartar that patients cannot remove during their daily dental home care.

[0003] In the powder jet cleaning process, a powder jet device is used, where powder is propelled against the tooth surface with a gaseous carrier medium (usually air), which allows for efficient cleaning of the teeth. A liquid carrier medium (e.g. water) may be used in addition to or instead of the gaseous carrier medium. Powder jet cleaning is performed with a powder jet device. Powder jet cleaning is also particularly effective because it does not require repeated movements or different stages. Moreover, it is faster than other cleaning methods and requires relatively little training to master correctly.

[0004] The clean teeth obtained after powder jet cleaning present an opportunity to enhance the effect of dental fluoridation or remineralization by the easy direct contact of the product with the tooth surface. However, additional chemical treatments generally require a longer contact time to allow the chemical reaction to occur. Examples of these additional chemical treatments include dental fluoridation to improve the acid resistance of enamel, dental remineralization to restore the outer part of the tooth, antibacterial treatment to delay biofilm recolonization, healing aids using anti-inflammatory ingredients or even more bone growth factors.

[0005] For supragingival treatments such as fluoride treatments, creams or varnishes are available that can be deposited on the teeth. US Patent No. 5,399, 677 discloses polymer-filled sheets such as Periochip for subgingival treatments. US Patent No. 5,399, 677 describes thick gels such as Ligosan for maintaining antibacterial coverage under the gum line.

[0006] However, all these methods have limitations. For supragingival deposition, the contact time is often too short to obtain a real chemical effect. For example, patients usually do not want to remain in the dental chair for more than 20 minutes to initiate the chemical reaction. Furthermore, all water-soluble compounds are quickly dissolved and removed by the aqueous environment of the mouth. For subgingival additives, the presence of a sufficiently thick support material is also a barrier to soft tissue reattachment. Furthermore, higher product concentrations are required. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0007] [Patent Document 1] European Patent Application Publication No. 2455064 [Patent Document 2] DE 10114244 A1 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0008] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a protective system for tooth surfaces that overcomes the above problems, which system can be easily applied and can be used as a delivery system for active ingredients, such as pharma- ceutical active compounds. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] This object is achieved according to the invention by a powder for use in the treatment of tooth surfaces with a powder jet device as claimed in claim 1. This object is also achieved by a coating as claimed in claim 14 and by the use of the powder as claimed in claim 15. Preferred embodiments of the invention are according to the dependent claims and the following description and figures. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] FIG. 14 shows the deposition efficiency in % (powder mass attached to the surface divided by powder mass released towards the surface) for heptadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, stearyl alcohol, cholesterol, arachidic acid, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and PLGA (particle size less than 120 μm). DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0011] One embodiment of the present invention relates to a powder for use in the treatment of tooth surfaces with a powder jet device, said powder comprising one or more organic compounds having a melting point below 165°C and a solubility in water at 25°C of less than 10 g / l.

[0012] Surprisingly, it has been found that the powder according to the invention, when applied to a tooth surface using a powder jet device, provides a stable coating on the tooth surface that protects the teeth. Moreover, if the powder further comprises an active ingredient, the coating can deliver the active ingredient over a period of time, for example, from 20 minutes to several weeks. When the powder according to the invention is released onto a surface with an air flow, i.e., when the powder is used in a powder jet device that is normally used to clean tooth surfaces, the powder can adhere to the tooth surface instead of abrading or cleaning the surface. Without being bound by this explanation, it is believed that the kinetic energy delivered to the powder causes the powder to undergo a melting process at the point of impact with the tooth surface, forming a coating on the tooth surface (kinetic melting). This coating allows the tooth surface to be protected.

[0013] If an active ingredient is further included in the powder, it becomes part of the coating. According to the present invention, the active ingredient (active compound) understood to have an effect on the teeth or on the human or animal body may preferably be a pharma- ceutical active compound, a dental fluoridation agent or a dental remineralization agent. Thereby, the present invention makes it possible to create an intelligent delivery system for active ingredients (e.g. pharma- ceutical active compounds), with the release of the active ingredient being given by the solubility and / or biodegradability of the powder placed on the tooth surface and acting as a support material for the active ingredient.

[0014] The active ingredients according to the invention are preferably selected from the group consisting of anti-inflammatory agents, anti-microbial agents, anti-bacterial agents, anti-viral agents, bone growth factors, dental fluoridation agents and dental remineralization agents. Anti-inflammatory agents, anti-microbial agents, anti-bacterial agents, anti-viral agents, bone growth factors are understood to be pharma- ceutically active compounds or ingredients. The powder can contain one or more active ingredients, for example 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 active ingredients.

[0015] One advantage of the powder according to the invention is that it can be used in a conventional powder jet device to provide a stable coating on the tooth surface at the correct location. The powder may contain an active ingredient (e.g., a pharma- ceutical active compound or ingredient), which means a therapeutically effective amount of a pharma- ceutical active compound or ingredient. The term "treating a tooth surface" means "applying to a tooth surface" in the sense of the present invention. Treating a tooth surface, i.e. applying to a tooth surface, is a typical use of a powder jet device, where the powder is sprayed onto the tooth surface together with a carrier medium (e.g., air). In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the powder for use in treating a tooth surface with a powder jet device is a powder for use in coating a tooth surface with a powder jet device.

[0016] Preferably, a coating of the tooth surface is obtained when the deposition efficiency of the powder according to the invention, measured in %, defined as the mass of powder deposited on the surface divided by the mass of powder expelled towards the surface, is 1% or more, more preferably 5% or more.

[0017] The coating, and the active ingredient preferably contained thereby, preferably a pharma- ceutical active compound or a dental fluoridation agent or a dental remineralization agent, is capable of acting on the tooth surface or remaining on the tooth surface long enough to deliver the active ingredient directly to the tooth surface (i.e. to the correct location) from the coating, which may also deliver the active ingredient (e.g. a pharma- ceutical active compound) into the body over a period of time.

[0018] The powder according to the invention can be easily applied using conventional powder jet devices, especially after tooth cleaning, and the same powder jet device can be used to clean and subsequently apply the powder according to the invention to the cleaned tooth surfaces. Only the powder needs to be replaced.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the powder for use in the treatment of dental surfaces with a powder jet device comprises more than 20% by weight, more preferably more than 25% by weight, even more preferably more than 50% by weight, even more preferably more than 70% by weight, and most preferably more than 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the powder, of one or more organic compounds having a melting point below 165° C. and a solubility in water at 25° C. below 10 g / l. One or more means according to the invention one or more, for example one, two, three, four or five. The one or more organic compounds preferably each have defined characteristics, for example a melting point below 165° C. and a solubility in water at 25° C. below 10 g / l.

[0020] Within the meaning of the present invention, the amounts of components of a powder given in wt% (weight %) are understood to add up to 100%. Organic compounds according to the invention are understood to be compounds containing one or more carbon atoms.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the melting point of the organic compound in the powder for use in treating tooth surfaces with a powder jet device is less than 162°C, more preferably less than 160°C, even more preferably less than 158°C, and most preferably less than 156°C. The low melting point promotes dynamic melting, thus providing an advantageous coating. The solubility of the organic compound in water at 25°C is preferably less than 5 g / l (grams per liter), more preferably less than 2 g / l, and most preferably less than 1 g / l in water at 25°C. The solubility in water is relative to distilled water (pH about 7.0). The limited solubility in water enhances the stability of the coating in the aqueous environment of the mouth.

[0022] In the course of the invention, it has been found that the organic compounds of the powder according to the invention are preferably selected from the group consisting of fatty acids, fatty alcohols, sterols, hydroxy-substituted aromatic compounds and mixtures thereof. The fatty acids, fatty alcohols, sterols and hydroxy-substituted aromatic compounds can, if possible, be optionally substituted, (partially) saturated or both.

[0023] The fatty acid is preferably a carboxylic acid having 10 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 22 carbon atoms, even more preferably tridecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid and mixtures thereof. The most preferred fatty acids are palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid and mixtures thereof.

[0024] The fatty alcohol is preferably an alcohol having 10 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 22 carbons, even more preferably stearyl alcohol or lauryl alcohol.

[0025] The sterol is preferably selected from the group consisting of cholesterol, beta-sistosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, ergosterol, brassicasterol and mixtures thereof. The sterol is more preferably cholesterol and / or beta-sistosterol.

[0026] The hydroxy-substituted aromatic compound is preferably hydroxybenzene or hydroxytoluene, preferably butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) or butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). The most preferred hydroxy-substituted aromatic compound is butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT).

[0027] The powder according to the invention is deposited on the tooth surface by kinetic energy delivered to the powder together with air. The deposition can be made supragingivally on the enamel or exposed dentin, for example with a standard AIRFLOW handpiece from EMS, or subgingivally, for example with a PERIOFLOW subgingival nozzle from EMS. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the powder is projected towards the tooth surface using a powder jet device together with a gaseous carrier medium, in particular air. The powder is projected towards the tooth surface together with air. The air may contain water, preferably less than 10 mL / min, in particular less than 5 mL / min. In a preferred embodiment, the powder jet device is used in the absence of water.

[0028] The use of a powder jet device according to the invention in treating a tooth surface means that a powder is sprayed onto the tooth surface using a conventional powder jet device. The powder then forms a coating on the tooth surface.

[0029] The powder according to the invention means a substance in the form of small particles. The average particle size (d 50 ) is preferably 0.5 μm to 500 μm, more preferably 1 μm-300 μm, even more preferably 2 μm to 200 μm, most preferably 5 μm to 100 μm. The particle size can be adapted to the application. For example, for treating subgingival tooth surfaces, smaller average particle sizes of the particles are preferred, in particular about 0.5 μm to 50 μm, more preferably 1 μm to 30 μm. For treating supragingival tooth surfaces, larger average particle sizes can be used, preferably 0.5 μm to 500 μm, more preferably 2 μm to 200 μm.

[0030] In the context of the present invention, 50 The value is the volume at which 50% of the particles are d 50 value, and 50% of the particles by volume are smaller than d 50 This is also the case for particles larger than d 100The d value also applies to the so-called maximum particle size. The d value according to the invention is determined by laser diffraction using a dry dispersion unit (Malvern Mastersizer 2000, fitted with a Scirocco dry dispersion unit, operating at 150 kPa).

[0031] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention the powder further comprises a flow aid, a bleaching agent and / or a flavouring agent, the total amount of these additional substances being preferably 0.2% to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.5% to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the powder.

[0032] The flow aid is preferably selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide (silica, especially amorphous silica), aluminum silicate and / or aluminum hydroxide, with silicon dioxide being more preferred, especially in an amount of 0.2% to 3% by weight, most preferably 0.5% to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the powder.

[0033] Preferred bleaching agents are peroxides, such as magnesium peroxide, calcium peroxide or zinc peroxide, or persulfates, such as sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate or ammonium persulfate, or perborates.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the powder comprises less than 10% by weight of abrasive powder (abrasive powder jet cleaning powder), more preferably less than 5% by weight, even more preferably less than 2% by weight, in particular less than 1% by weight of abrasive powder, each based on the total weight of the powder. According to the invention, abrasive powder or abrasive jet cleaning powder means a powder used in a powder jet device for cleaning tooth surfaces. Abrasive powder or abrasive jet cleaning powder is preferably sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, alditol, amino acid, sugar, cyclodextrin or mixtures thereof. Thus, the powder according to the invention preferably contains less than 10% by weight, more preferably less than 5% by weight, even more preferably less than 2% by weight, most preferably less than 1% by weight of sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, alditol, amino acid, sugar, cyclodextrin or mixtures thereof, based on the total weight of the powder. The alditol is preferably erythritol and the amino acid is preferably glycine. The sugar is preferably trehalose or tagatose. Thus, it is preferred that the powder according to the invention comprises less than 10% by weight, more preferably less than 5% by weight, even more preferably less than 2% by weight, and most preferably less than 1% by weight of sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, aluminium hydroxide, erythritol, glycine, trehalose, tagatose, cyclodextrin or mixtures thereof, based on the total weight of the powder.

[0035] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the powder comprises less than 10% by weight, preferably less than 5% by weight, more preferably less than 2% by weight, most preferably less than 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the powder, of one or more compounds having a melting point higher than 165°C, more preferably having a melting point higher than 162°C, most preferably having a melting point higher than 160°C, and / or having a solubility in water at 25°C higher than 10 g / l, preferably higher than 5 g / l, more preferably higher than 2 g / l, most preferably higher than 1 g / l.

[0036] The powder according to the invention may contain an active ingredient. An active ingredient is generally understood according to the invention as an active ingredient that can have an effect on the teeth or on the human or animal body. Preferred active ingredients according to the invention are pharma- ceutical active compounds, dental fluoridation agents or dental remineralization agents, more preferably anti-inflammatory agents, antimicrobial agents, antibacterial agents, antiviral agents, bone growth factors, dental fluoridation agents and dental remineralization agents (tooth restorative agents).

[0037] The anti-inflammatory agent according to the present invention is preferably aceclofenac, acemetacin, acetaminosalol, acetylsalicylic acid, alclofenac, aluminoprofen, α-bisabolol, amfenac, bromfenac, benoxaprofen, benzpiperylone, bermoprofen, bromosaligenin, bucloxic acid, bufexamac, bumadizone, butibufen, carprofen, cinmetacin, clidanac, clopirac, diclofenac, diclofenac sodium, diflunisal, ditazol, enfenamic acid, bendazac ε-acetamidocaproic acid, etodolac, etofenamate, felbinac, fenbufen, fenclozic acid, fendosal, fenoprofen, fentiazac, feprazinol, flufenamic acid, flunoxaprofen, fluoxacin ... Lurbiprofen, Gentisic acid, Glucametacin, Glycol salicylate, Ibufenac, Ibuprofen, Ibuproxam, Indomethacin, Indoprofen, Isofezolac, Isoxepac, Isoxicam, Ketoprofen, Ketorolac, Lomoxicam, Lonazola, Lonazolac, Loxoprofen, Meclofenamic acid, Meloxicam, Mesalamine, Methiazinic acid, Mofebutazone, Mofezolac, Naproxen, Niflumic acid, Olsalazine, Oxaceprol, Oxametacin, Oxaprozin, Oxicam, Oxyphenbutazone, Paranyline, Parasalmid, Perisoxal, Phenyl salicylate, Pyrazolac, Piroxicam, Pirprofen, Pranoprofen, Proprionic acid Acid, Protizinic Acid, Salacetamide, Salicilic Acid, Salicylamide O-Acetic Acid, Salicylsulfuric Acid, Sulfasalazine, Sulindac, Suprofen, Suxibuzone, Talniflumate, Tenoxicam, Terofenamate, Tiaprofenic Acid, Tiaramide, Tinoridine, Tolfenamic Acid, Tolmetin, Tropesin, Xymoprofen, Zaltoprofen, Zileuton, and Zomepirac.

[0038] The antimicrobial agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of sulfonamides, phenols, quaternary ammonium salts, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), chlorhexidine and their salts.The antibacterial agent is preferably penicillins, cephalosporins, tetracycline, doxycycline, chloramphenicol, and erythromycin.

[0039] The bone growth factor is preferably Emdogain® (enamel matrix derivative), BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) or calcium phosphate. The dental fluoridation agent can be any fluoride-containing or delivery compound, such as a fluoride salt (e.g., sodium fluoride or amino fluoride). The remineralization agent is preferably selected from the group consisting of bioglass, nano-hydroxyapatite, amorphous hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the powder comprises no more than 0.01% to 30% by weight of the active compound or active ingredient, based on the total weight of the powder. More preferably, the powder comprises 0.1% to 20% by weight, even more preferably 0.1% to 10% by weight, of the active ingredient, based on the total weight of the powder.

[0041] Powders for use in treating dental surfaces with a powder jet device according to the present invention also preferably consist of the components described. The present invention also relates to a coating obtained by applying the powder according to the invention to a surface, preferably to a tooth surface, by means of a powder jet device, the coating preferably having a thickness of less than 100 μm, more preferably less than 50 μm, most preferably less than 20 μm.

[0042] The above thicknesses of the coatings are average thicknesses determined by calculating the arithmetic mean of 3-5 measurements of the thickness. The thicknesses are determined by optical measurements, e.g., 3D microscope, step height measurements between the uncoated and coated surfaces (Keyence, VH-6000).

[0043] The invention also relates to the use of the powder according to the invention in the treatment of tooth surfaces, i.e. in the application of the powder to tooth surfaces. The invention further relates to the use of the powder according to the invention in a powder jet device, which comprises powder injection, in which the powder according to the invention is injected onto the tooth surface together with a gaseous carrier medium, in particular air, by means of a powder jet device.

[0044] The invention further relates to a process for forming a coating on a tooth surface by applying the powder according to the invention to the tooth surface by means of a powder jet device.The invention also relates to a coating on a tooth surface which is obtainable by applying the powder according to the invention to the tooth surface by means of a powder jet device.

[0045] The following examples provide preferred embodiments in accordance with the present invention and further illustrate the present invention. example The device used was an EMS Handy 3.0 PERIO using a standard handpiece. The powder chamber was filled with a small amount of powder (approximately 0.2 g). The device was fixed on the xy table to maintain a fixed distance and angulation. The input pressure of the device was 380 kPa (static pressure). The device was actuated at 2 mm from the surface and at an angle of 90°. The deposition time was 40 seconds. The xy table was a free moving table that allowed the device to be moved manually. Therefore, to avoid double coating of powder, the device was moved continuously and slowly with Z movement at approximately 0.4 mm / s for 40 seconds. The deposition substrate was a glass microscope slide.

[0046] The reference material for the powder is PLGA (poly(lactid-co-glycolid)), a potential drug delivery material. The powder is formulated with a small amount of amorphous silica, about 0.5%-2% by weight, to improve powder flowability. For PLGA, various novel materials were tested according to Figure 1.

[0047] FIG. 1 shows the deposition efficiency in % (powder mass attached to the surface divided by powder mass released towards the surface) for heptadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, stearyl alcohol, cholesterol, arachidic acid, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and PLGA (particle size less than 120 μm).

[0048] Deposition efficiency is the powder mass that is attached to the tooth surface divided by the total powder mass that is discharged toward the tooth surface after the powder according to the present invention is used in a powder jet device, in which the powder is discharged toward the tooth surface.Deposition efficiency can be measured, for example, by determining the weight (x) of the powder that is discharged toward the tooth surface, and determining the weight (y) of the powder that is not attached to the surface after discharge.Deposition efficiency is then (xy):x.For example, if 1 gram of powder is discharged toward the tooth surface, and 0.9 g of powder is not attached to the tooth surface after the powder is used in the powder jet device (i.e., after the powder is discharged toward the tooth surface), the deposition efficiency is then 10%.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the deposition efficiency of the powder according to the invention is greater than or equal to 1%, preferably greater than or equal to 2%, even more preferably greater than or equal to 5%. Surprisingly, fatty acids, hydroxy-substituted aromatic compounds and sterols have been found to be particularly efficient in terms of deposition efficiency, defined as the amount of powder deposited on the surface versus the amount of powder delivered from the device, with fatty acids, sterols and hydroxy-substituted aromatic compounds having a deposition efficiency ten times higher than that of PLGA.

[0050] One of the reasons for this enhanced efficiency is believed to be the melting points of the fatty acids, sterols and hydroxy-substituted aromatic compounds according to the example, since PLGA usually has a melting point of about 170°C-200°C depending on the ratio of lactic acid to glycolide in PLGA (95:5 has a melting point of about 173°C, 10:90 has a melting point of about 200°C). The melting point of the powder according to the invention below 165°C, however, provides a much more efficient coating and therefore a much more efficient deposition efficiency of the powder when using the powder in a powder jet device for treating tooth surfaces.

[0051] For drug release, the powder may contain active ingredients such as anti-inflammatory agents (e.g. aspirin), bone growth factors (e.g. BMP, Emdogain®, calcium phosphate), antimicrobial agents (e.g. CPC, chlorhexidine, antibiotics), fluoridation agents (sodium fluoride, amino fluoride, etc.), dental restorative agents (nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-hap), amorphous hap, calcium phosphate) or desensitizing agents (arginine, potassium chloride). The concentration of additives is usually 0.1% to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the powder.

Claims

1. 1. A powder for use in treating a tooth surface with a powder jet device, the powder comprising one or more organic compounds, the one or more organic compounds having a melting point of less than 165°C and a solubility in water at 25°C of less than 10 g / l.

2. 2. The powder of claim 1, wherein the organic compound has a melting point below 160°C, a solubility in water at 25°C below 2 g / l, or both.

3. 3. The powder of claim 1 or 2, wherein the organic compound is selected from the group consisting of fatty acids, fatty alcohols, sterols, hydroxy-substituted aromatic compounds, and mixtures thereof.

4. 4. The powder of claim 3, wherein the fatty acid is selected from the group consisting of tridecanoic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, and mixtures thereof; the fatty alcohol is selected from the group consisting of stearyl alcohol and lauryl alcohol; the sterol is selected from the group consisting of cholesterol, β-sistosterol, and mixtures thereof; and the hydroxy-substituted aromatic compound is selected from the group consisting of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), and mixtures thereof.

5. The powder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an active ingredient.

6. 6. The powder of claim 5, comprising from 0.1% to no more than 30% by weight of the active ingredient, based on the total weight of the powder.

7. 7. Powder according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the active ingredient is selected from the group consisting of pharma- ceutically active compounds, dental fluoridation agents, dental remineralisation agents and mixtures thereof, preferably from the group consisting of anti-inflammatory agents, antimicrobial agents, antibacterial agents, antiviral agents, bone growth factors, dental fluoridation agents, dental remineralisation agents and mixtures thereof.

8. 8. The powder of claim 1, comprising less than 5% by weight of abrasive powder.

9. 9. The powder of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising more than 20% by weight of said one or more organic compounds, based on the total weight of the powder.

10. 10. Powder according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising more than 50% by weight, preferably more than 70% by weight, of said one or more organic compounds, based on the total weight of the powder.

11. 11. The powder of any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the abrasive powder is selected from the group consisting of sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, alditols, amino acids, sugars, cyclodextrins, and mixtures thereof.

12. A powder according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein said use in the treatment of tooth surfaces with a powder jet device is use in the coating of tooth surfaces with a powder jet device.

13. 13. A powder according to any one of the preceding claims, having a deposition efficiency of at least 1%, preferably at least 5%, said deposition efficiency being defined as the mass of powder on the tooth surface after use of the powder in the treatment of the tooth surface with a powder jet device, in which the powder is ejected towards the tooth surface, divided by the mass of powder ejected towards the tooth surface.

14. A coating on a tooth surface obtainable by applying a powder according to any one of claims 1 to 13 to the tooth surface by means of a powder jet device.

15. Use of a powder according to any one of claims 1 to 13 in a powder jet device.

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