Method of operating a device in a wireless communication system and device using said method

Abstract

Provided is a method and device for operating an NCR in a wireless communication system. The NCR includes an NCR-MT and an NCR-Fwd. The NCR receives a control message from a base station via the NCR-MT and performs a forwarding operation via the NCR-Fwd based on the control message. The control message indicates a beam to be applied to the forwarding operation of the NCR-Fwd and a forwarding resource of a time domain to which the beam is applied, and the NCR-Fwd is in an OFF state in a time resource that is not the forwarding resource. That is, unless there is an explicit or implicit instruction from the base station, the NCR-Fwd is expected to always be in an OFF state.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a method of operating an apparatus in a wireless communication system and an apparatus employing said method. [Background technology]

[0002] As more communication devices require larger communication capacity, there is an increasing need for improved mobile broadband communication compared to existing radio access technology (RAT). Massive Machine Type Communications (MTC), which connects multiple devices and things to provide various services anytime and anywhere, is also one of the major issues being considered in next-generation communication. In addition, communication system designs that take into account reliability and latency-sensitive services / terminals are being discussed. Thus, the introduction of next-generation wireless access technologies that take into account enhanced mobile broadband communication, massive MTC, URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication), etc. is being discussed, and for convenience in this disclosure, the relevant technologies are referred to as new RAT or NR.

[0003] Meanwhile, repeaters can also be introduced in NR, but conventional repeaters always forward signals received from a base station to a terminal and signals received from a terminal to a base station, regardless of whether they actually transmit or receive meaningful signals / channels.

[0004] Such an operation may waste the power of the NCR and cause unnecessary interference to neighboring terminals and base stations. Taking this into consideration, it is necessary to consider the ON / OFF operation of the NCR. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The technical problem that the present disclosure aims to solve is to provide a method for operating an apparatus in a wireless communication system and an apparatus using said method. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] Provided is a method and device for operating a network-controlled repeater (NCR), including a mobile termination (NCR-MT) and a forwarding (NCR-Fwd) in a wireless communication system. The NCR receives a control message from a base station via the NCR-MT, indicating a beam to be applied to a forwarding operation of the NCR-Fwd and a forwarding resource of a time domain to which the beam is applied, and performs a forwarding operation via the NCR-Fwd based on the control message. The NCR-Fwd operates in an ON state in the forwarding resource associated with the beam and in an OFF state in a time resource other than the forwarding resource. Effect of the Invention

[0007] According to the present disclosure, unless otherwise instructed by the base station, the NCR-Fwd operates in the OFF state. By clarifying the operation of the NCR-Fwd in this manner, it is possible to prevent ambiguity in the understanding of the operation between the base station and the NCR.

[0008] It also reduces unnecessary signaling to the NCR and prevents unnecessary interference with peripheral devices. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0009] [Figure 1] An example of the system structure of a New Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) to which NR is applied is shown.

[0010] [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the radio protocol architecture for the user plane.

[0011] [Diagram 3] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a radio protocol architecture for the control plane.

[0012] [Figure 4] An example of functional division between NG-RAN and 5GC is shown.

[0013] [Diagram 5] An example of a frame structure that can be applied in NR is shown.

[0014] [Figure 6] 1 illustrates a slot structure.

[0015] [Figure 7] Illustrates a core set.

[0016] [Figure 8] 1 illustrates an example of a frame structure for a new wireless access technology.

[0017] [Figure 9] 1 illustrates the structure of a self-contained slot.

[0018] [Figure 10] 1 illustrates physical channels and typical signal transmission.

[0019] [Figure 11] Illustrates a transport network architecture for 5G.

[0020] [Figure 12] 1 shows an example of a topology in which NCR performs transmission and reception between a base station and a terminal.

[0021] [Figure 13] This is a diagram comparing the operation of NCR and existing RF repeaters.

[0022] [Figure 14] Illustrates links between a base station, an NCR, and a terminal.

[0023] [Figure 15] Illustrate the operation of NCR.

[0024] [Figure 16] 1 illustrates how NCR works.

[0025] [Figure 17] 1 illustrates a method of operation of a base station.

[0026] [Figure 18] 1 illustrates a wireless device to which the present invention can be applied.

[0027] [Figure 19] 2 shows an example of a signal processing module structure.

[0028] [Figure 20] 13 shows another example of a signal processing module structure in a transmitting device.

[0029] [Figure 21] 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] [Figure 22] 1 illustrates another example of a wireless device.

[0031] [Diagram 23] 1 shows another example of a wireless device to which the present specification is applied.

[0032] [Figure 24] A communication system 1 to which the present specification is applied is illustrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0033] In this specification, "A or B" may mean "A only," "B only," or "both A and B." In other words, in this specification, "A or B" may be interpreted as "A and / or B." For example, in this specification, "A, B or C" may mean "A only," "B only," "C only," or "any combination of A, B and C."

[0034] As used herein, a slash ( / ) or a comma may mean "and / or." For example, "A / B" may mean "A and / or B." Thus, "A / B" may mean "A only," "B only," or "both A and B." For example, "A, B, C" may mean "A, B, or C."

[0035] In this specification, "at least one of A and B" may mean "A only," "B only," or "both A and B." In addition, in this specification, the expressions "at least one of A or B" and "at least one of A and / or B" may be interpreted similarly to "at least one of A and B."

[0036] In addition, in this specification, "at least one of A, B and C" may mean "A only," "B only," "C only," or "any combination of A, B and C." Furthermore, "at least one of A, B or C" or "at least one of A, B and / or C" may mean "at least one of A, B and C."

[0037] In addition, parentheses used in this specification may mean "for example." Specifically, when "control information (PDCCH)" is displayed, "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." In other words, "control information" in this specification is not limited to "PDCCH," and "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information." Also, when "control information (i.e., PDCCH)" is displayed, "PDCCH" may be proposed as an example of "control information."

[0038] Technical features described separately in one drawing in this specification may be realized separately or simultaneously.

[0039] A wireless communication system to which the present disclosure can be applied may also be referred to as, for example, an E-UTRAN (Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network) or an LTE (Long Term Evolution) / LTE-A system.

[0040] E-UTRAN includes base stations (BS) that provide a control plane and a user plane for user equipment (UE). The terminal may be fixed or mobile and may be called by other terms such as mobile station (MS), user terminal (UT), subscriber station (SS), mobile terminal (MT), wireless device, terminal, etc. The base station refers to a fixed station that communicates with the terminal and may be called by other terms such as evolved-NodeB (eNB), base transceiver system (BTS), access point, etc.

[0041] The base stations may be connected to each other via an X2 interface. The base stations are connected to an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) via an S1 interface, more specifically, to a Mobility Management Entity (MME) via an S1-MME and to a Serving Gateway (S-GW) via an S1-U interface.

[0042] The EPC consists of the MME, S-GW, and P-GW (Packet Data Network-Gateway). The MME has information on the terminal's connection information and terminal capabilities, and such information is mainly used for terminal mobility management. The S-GW is a gateway with the E-UTRAN as a termination point, and the P-GW is a gateway with the PDN as a termination point.

[0043] Furthermore, as many communication devices require larger communication capacity, there is an increasing need for improved mobile broadband communication compared to existing radio access technology (RAT). In addition, massive machine type communications (MTC), which connects a large number of devices and objects to provide various services anytime and anywhere, is one of the main topics being considered in next-generation communications. In addition, communication system designs that take into account reliability and latency-sensitive services / terminals are being discussed. Thus, the introduction of next-generation wireless access technologies that take into account enhanced mobile broadband communication, massive MTC, and URLLC (Ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communication) are being discussed, and for convenience in this disclosure, the relevant technologies are referred to as new radio access technology (new RAT, NR).

[0044] Figure 1 illustrates the system structure of a New Generation Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) to which NR is applied.

[0045] Referring to FIG. 1, the NG-RAN includes a gNB and / or an eNB that provides user plane and control plane protocol termination to a terminal. FIG. 1 illustrates a case where only a gNB is included. The gNBs (eNBs) are connected to each other via an Xn interface. The gNBs and eNBs are connected to a 5th generation core network (5G Core Network: 5GC) via an NG interface. More specifically, they are connected to an access and mobility management function (AMF) via an NG-C interface and to a user plane function (UPF) via an NG-U interface.

[0046] Meanwhile, the radio interface protocol layers between a terminal and a network can be divided into L1 (first layer), L2 (second layer), and L3 (third layer) based on the three lowest layers of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) reference model widely known in communication systems, of which the physical layer belonging to the first layer provides an information transfer service using a physical channel, and the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer located in the third layer plays a role in controlling radio resources between the terminal and the network. For this purpose, the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the terminal and the base station.

[0047] Figure 2 is a block diagram showing a radio protocol architecture for the user plane. Figure 3 is a block diagram showing a radio protocol architecture for the control plane. The user plane is a protocol stack for user data transmission, and the control plane is a protocol stack for control signal transmission.

[0048] 2 and 3, the PHY (physical layer) provides an information transfer service to a higher layer using a physical channel. The physical layer is connected to a higher layer, the MAC (Medium Access Control) layer, via a transport channel. Data moves between the MAC layer and the physical layer via the transport channel. Transport channels are classified according to how and what characteristics data is transmitted over the radio interface.

[0049] Data is transferred between different physical layers, i.e., between the physical layers of a transmitter and a receiver, via a physical channel. The physical channel can be modulated using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and uses time and frequency as radio resources.

[0050] The functions of the MAC layer include mapping between logical channels and transport channels and multiplexing / demultiplexing MAC service data units (SDUs) belonging to logical channels onto transport channels into transport blocks provided to physical channels. The MAC layer provides services to the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer via the logical channels.

[0051] The functions of the RLC layer include concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs. To guarantee various Quality of Service (QoS) required by Radio Bearers (RBs), the RLC layer provides three operation modes: Transparent Mode (TM), Unacknowledged Mode (UM), and Acknowledged Mode (AM). AM RLC provides error correction via automatic repeat request (ARQ).

[0052] The Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer is defined only in the control plane. The RRC layer is responsible for controlling logical channels, transport channels, and physical channels in relation to the configuration, reconfiguration, and release of radio bearers. RB refers to a logical path provided by the first layer (PHY layer) and the second layer (MAC layer, RLC layer, and PDCP layer) for data transmission between a terminal and a network.

[0053] The functions of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer in the user plane include user data transmission, header compression, and ciphering. The functions of the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer in the control plane include control plane data transmission and encryption / integrity protection.

[0054] RB configuration refers to the process of defining the characteristics of the radio protocol layer and channel to provide a specific service and setting their specific parameters and operation methods. RBs are divided into two types: SRB (Signaling RB) and DRB (Data RB). SRB is used as a path to transmit RRC messages in the control plane, and DRB is used as a path to transmit user data in the user plane.

[0055] If an RRC connection is established between the RRC layer of the terminal and the RRC layer of the E-UTRAN, the terminal is in an RRC connected state; otherwise, the terminal is in an RRC idle state.

[0056] Downlink transport channels for transmitting data from a network to a terminal include a Broadcast Channel (BCH) for transmitting system information and a Shared Channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic and control messages. Traffic or control messages of downlink multicast or broadcast services can be transmitted via the downlink SCH or via a separate Multicast Channel (MCH). Meanwhile, uplink transport channels for transmitting data from a terminal to a network include a Random Access Channel (RACH) for transmitting an initial control message and a Shared Channel (SCH) for transmitting user traffic and control messages.

[0057] Above the transport channel, logical channels that are mapped to the transport channel include the Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH), the Paging Control Channel (PCCH), the Common Control Channel (CCCH), the Multicast Control Channel (MCCH), the Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH), etc.

[0058] A physical channel is composed of a number of OFDM symbols in the time domain and a number of sub-carriers in the frequency domain. One sub-frame is composed of a number of OFDM symbols in the time domain. A resource block is a resource allocation unit and is composed of a number of OFDM symbols and a number of sub-carriers. In addition, each sub-frame can use a specific sub-carrier of a specific OFDM symbol (e.g., the first OFDM symbol) of the sub-frame for a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), i.e., an L1 / L2 control channel. A Transmission Time Interval (TTI) is a unit time for sub-frame transmission.

[0059] Figure 4 illustrates the functional division between NG-RAN and 5GC.

[0060] Referring to FIG. 4, the gNB provides functions such as inter-cell radio resource management (Inter Cell RRM), radio bearer management (RB control), connection mobility control, radio admission control, measurement configuration & provision, dynamic resource allocation, etc. The AMF provides functions such as NAS security, idle state mobility processing, etc. The UPF provides functions such as mobility anchoring, PDU processing, etc. The SMF (Session Management Function) provides functions such as terminal IP address allocation, PDU session control, etc.

[0061] FIG. 5 illustrates a frame structure that can be applied in NR.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 5, in NR, radio frames (hereinafter, abbreviated as frames) can be used for uplink and downlink transmission. A frame has a length of 10 ms and can be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF). A half-frame can be defined as five 1 ms subframes (SF). A subframe can be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots in a subframe depends on a subcarrier spacing (SCS). Each slot includes 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols depending on a cyclic prefix (CP). If a normal CP is used, each slot includes 14 symbols. If an extended CP is used, each slot includes 12 symbols. Here, the symbols can include OFDM symbols (or CP-OFDM symbols) and SC-FDMA symbols (or DFT-s-OFDM symbols).

[0063] Table 1 below illustrates an example of a subcarrier spacing configuration μ.

[0064] [Table 1]

[0065] Table 2 below shows the number of slots (N frame,μ slot ), the number of slots in a subframe (N subframe,μ slot ), the number of symbols in the slot (N slot symb ) are some examples.

[0066] [Table 2]

[0067] In FIG. 5, examples are shown for μ=0, 1, 2, and 3.

[0068] The following Table 2-1 shows examples of how the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe change depending on the SCS when an extended CP is used.

[0069] [Table 2-1]

[0070] In an NR system, OFDM(A) numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.) can be set to be different between multiple cells merged into one terminal, and thus the (absolute time) duration of time resources (e.g., SF, slot, or TTI) (commonly referred to as TU (Time Unit) for convenience) consisting of the same number of symbols can be set to be different between the merged cells.

[0071] FIG. 6 illustrates a slot structure.

[0072] A slot may include multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of normal CP, one slot may include 14 symbols (or 7 symbols), and in the case of extended CP, one slot may include 12 symbols (or 6 symbols). A carrier may include multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. A resource block (RB) may be defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A bandwidth part (BWP) may be defined as multiple (P) consecutive RBs in the frequency domain and may correspond to one numerology (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier may include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication is performed via an activated BWP, and only one BWP may be activated for one terminal. Each element in the resource grid is called a resource element (RE), and one complex symbol may be mapped to it.

[0073] A physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) can be composed of one or more control channel elements (CCEs) as shown in Table 3 below.

[0074] [Table 3]

[0075] That is, the PDCCH is transmitted via resources consisting of 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 CCEs, where the CCE consists of 6 resource element groups (REGs), and one REG consists of one resource block in the frequency domain and one orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in the time domain.

[0076] Monitoring refers to decoding each PDCCH candidate according to a downlink control information (DCI) format. The UE monitors a set of PDCCH candidates in one or more core sets (CORESETs, described below) on an activated DL BWP of each activated serving cell for which PDCCH monitoring is configured according to a corresponding search space set.

[0077] In NR, a new unit called a control resource set (CORESET) can be introduced. A terminal can receive the PDCCH in the core set.

[0078] FIG. 7 illustrates the core set.

[0079] Referring to FIG. 7, the core set is N CORESET RB It consists of N resource blocks in the time domain. CORESET symb ∈{1, 2, 3} symbols. N CORESET RB , N CORESET symb can be provided by the base station via higher layer signaling. As shown in FIG 7, a core set can include multiple CCEs (or REGs).

[0080] A terminal may attempt PDCCH detection in units of 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs within a core set. One or more CCEs for which PDCCH detection can be attempted may be referred to as PDCCH candidates.

[0081] A terminal can receive multiple core set configurations.

[0082] In a conventional wireless communication system (e.g., LTE / LTE-A), a control region is configured over the entire system band used by a base station. All terminals, except for some terminals (e.g., eMTC / NB-IoT terminals) that support only a narrow band, should be able to receive radio signals over the entire system band of the base station in order to accurately receive / decode control information transmitted by the base station.

[0083] In contrast, NR introduced the aforementioned core set. A core set can be said to be a radio resource for control information that a terminal should receive, and can use only a portion of the system band in the frequency domain instead of the entire system band. Also, in the time domain, it can use only a portion of the symbols in a slot. The base station can assign a core set to each terminal and transmit control information via the assigned core set. A terminal in NR can receive control information from the base station without necessarily receiving the entire system band.

[0084] The core sets include a terminal-specific core set for transmitting terminal-specific control information, and a common core set for transmitting control information common to all terminals.

[0085] Meanwhile, in NR, high reliability may be required depending on the application field, and in such a situation, the target block error rate (BLER) for downlink control information (DCI) transmitted via a downlink control channel (e.g., physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)) may be significantly lower than that of the conventional technology. As an example of a method for satisfying such a requirement for high reliability, the amount of contents included in the DCI may be reduced and / or the amount of resources used when transmitting the DCI may be increased. In this case, the resources may include at least one of resources in the time domain, resources in the frequency domain, resources in the code domain, and resources in the spatial domain.

[0086] The following technologies / features can be applied in NR:

[0087] <Self-contained subframe structure>

[0088] FIG. 8 shows an example of a frame structure for a new wireless access technology.

[0089] In NR, in order to minimize latency, a structure in which the control channel and data channel are time division multiplexed (TDM) within one TTI, as shown in Figure 8, is considered as one of the frame structures.

[0090] In FIG. 8, the shaded area indicates the downlink control area, and the black area indicates the uplink control area. The area without markings may be used for downlink data (DL data) transmission, or for uplink data (UL data) transmission. The feature of this structure is that downlink (DL) transmission and uplink (UL) transmission proceed sequentially within one subframe, and DL data can be sent within a subframe, and UL ACK / NACK (Acknowledgement / Not-acknowledgement) can also be received. As a result, the time required for data retransmission when a data transmission error occurs can be reduced, and therefore the latency of the final data transmission can be minimized.

[0091] In such a data and control TDMed subframe structure, a time gap is required for the base station and the terminal to switch from a transmission mode to a reception mode or vice versa. For this reason, some OFDM symbols at the time of switching from DL to UL in the self-contained subframe structure are set as a guard period (GP).

[0092] FIG. 9 illustrates a self-contained slot structure.

[0093] In an NR system, a DL control channel, DL or UL data, a UL control channel, etc. can all be included in one slot. For example, the first N symbols in a slot can be used to transmit a DL control channel (hereinafter, DL control region), and the last M symbols in the slot can be used to transmit a UL control channel (hereinafter, UL control region). N and M are each an integer greater than or equal to 0. A resource region between the DL control region and the UL control region (hereinafter, data region) can be used for DL ​​data transmission or for UL data transmission. As an example, the following configuration can be considered. Each section is listed in chronological order.

[0094] 1.DL only configuration

[0095] 2.UL only configuration

[0096] 3.Mixed UL-DL configuration

[0097] -DL area + GP (Guard Period) + UL control area

[0098] -DL control area + GP + UL area

[0099] DL region: (i) DL data region, (ii) DL control region + DL data region

[0100] UL area: (i) UL data area, (ii) UL data area + UL control area

[0101] A PDCCH can be transmitted in the DL control region, and a PDSCH (physical downlink shared channel) can be transmitted in the DL data region. A PUCCH (physical uplink control channel) can be transmitted in the UL control region, and a PUSCH (physical uplink shared channel) can be transmitted in the UL data region. Downlink Control Information (DCI), such as DL data scheduling information and UL data scheduling information, can be transmitted in the PDCCH. Uplink Control Information (UCI), such as ACK / NACK (Positive Acknowledgement / Negative Acknowledgement) information, CSI (Channel State Information), and SR (Scheduling Request) for DL ​​data can be transmitted in the PUCCH. The GP provides a time gap during the process in which the base station and the terminal switch from a transmission mode to a reception mode or from a reception mode to a transmission mode. Some symbols at the time of switching from DL to UL within a subframe can be set as the GP.

[0102] <Analog beamforming #1>

[0103] In millimeter waves (mmW), the wavelength is shorter, making it possible to install multiple antenna elements in the same area. That is, in the 30GHz band, the wavelength is 1cm, and a total of 100 antenna elements can be installed in a 2-dimensional array at intervals of 0.5 wavelengths (lambda) on a 5x5cm panel. Therefore, in mmW, multiple antenna elements are used to increase the beamforming (BF) gain and increase coverage or throughput.

[0104] In this case, if a transceiver unit (TXRU) is provided so that transmission power and phase can be adjusted for each antenna element, independent beamforming for each frequency resource is possible. However, there is a problem in that it is not practical in terms of cost to install a TXRU for all of the 100 or so antenna elements. Therefore, a method is being considered in which multiple antenna elements are mapped to one TXRU and the beam direction is adjusted using an analog phase shifter. This analog beamforming method has the disadvantage that it can only form one beam direction in the entire band and cannot perform frequency selective beamforming.

[0105] As an intermediate form between digital beamforming and analog beamforming, hybrid beamforming having B TXRUs, which is less than Q antenna elements, can be considered. In this case, although there are differences depending on the connection method of B TXRUs and Q antenna elements, the number of beam directions that can be transmitted simultaneously is limited to B or less.

[0106] <Analog beamforming #2>

[0107] In the case where multiple antennas are used in the NR system, a hybrid beamforming technique that combines digital beamforming and analog beamforming is emerging. In this case, analog beamforming (or RF beamforming) performs precoding (or combining) at the RF end, thereby reducing the number of RF chains and D / A (or A / D) converters, and has the advantage of being able to achieve performance close to that of digital beamforming. For convenience, the hybrid beamforming structure can be expressed as N TXRUs and M physical antennas. In this case, digital beamforming for L data layers transmitted from the transmitting end can be expressed as an NbyL matrix, and the converted N digital signals are then converted to analog signals via the TXRU, and analog beamforming expressed as an MbyN matrix is ​​applied.

[0108] System information of the NR system can be transmitted in a broadcasting manner. In this case, analog beams belonging to different antenna panels in one symbol can be transmitted simultaneously, and a method of introducing a beam reference signal (BEAM RS: BRS), which is a reference signal (RS) applied and transmitted by a single analog beam (corresponding to a specific antenna panel) to measure a channel for each analog beam, is being discussed. The BRS can be defined for multiple antenna ports, and each antenna port of the BRS can correspond to a single analog beam. In this case, unlike the BRS, a synchronization signal or xPBCH can be applied and transmitted by all analog beams in an analog beam group so that any terminal can receive it well.

[0109] In NR, a synchronization signal block (SSB, or also called synchronization signal and physical broadcast channel (SS / PBCH)) in the time domain can be composed of four OFDM symbols numbered in ascending order from 0 to 3 within the synchronization signal block, and a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a PBCH associated with a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) can be mapped to the symbols. As mentioned above, the synchronization signal block can also be expressed as an SS / PBCH block.

[0110] In NR, multiple synchronization signal blocks can be transmitted at different times, and SSBs can be used to perform initial access (IA), serving cell measurement, etc., so it is preferable that SSBs are transmitted preferentially when the transmission time and resources of other signals overlap. To this end, the network can broadcast the transmission time and resource information of the SSB or indicate it via UE-specific RRC signaling.

[0111] In NR, beam-based transmission and reception operations can be performed. If the reception performance of the current serving beam is degraded, a process of searching for a new beam can be performed through a process called beam failure recovery (BFR).

[0112] Since BFR is not a process for declaring an error / failure on the link between the network and the UE, it can be assumed that the connection with the current serving cell is maintained even if the BFR process is performed. In the BFR process, measurements are performed on different beams (beams can be expressed as CSI-RS ports or SSB (synchronization signal block) indexes, etc.) set by the network, and the best beam can be selected for the UE. For beams with good measurement results, the UE can proceed with the BFR process in a manner of performing a RACH process associated with the beam.

[0113] The following describes the Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) state. The TCI state can be set for each core set of the control channel, and parameters for determining the receiving (Rx) beam of the terminal can be determined based on the TCI state.

[0114] For each downlink bandwidth portion (DL BWP) of the serving cell, the terminal may be configured with up to three core sets. In addition, for each core set, the terminal may be provided with the following information:

[0115] 1) Core set index p (e.g., one of 0 to 11, the index of each core set can be uniquely determined in the BWP of one serving cell);

[0116] 2) PDCCH DM-RS scrambling sequence initialization value;

[0117] 3) A time domain interval of the core set (which may be given in symbols);

[0118] 4) A set of resource blocks;

[0119] 5) CCE-to-REG mapping parameters;

[0120] 6) Antenna port quasi co-location (QCL) information of DM-RS antenna ports for PDCCH reception in each core set (from a set of antenna port quasi co-locations provided by the higher layer parameter "TCI-State");

[0121] 7) Indication of the presence or absence of a transmission configuration indication (TCI) field for a specific DCI format transmitted by the PDCCH in the core set, etc.

[0122] For QCL, if the characteristics of the channel through which symbols on one antenna port are transmitted are inferred from the characteristics of the channel through which symbols on the other antenna port are transmitted, the two antenna ports can be said to be quasi-co-located (QCL). For example, if two signals (A, B) are transmitted from the same transmit antenna array to which the same / similar spatial filters are applied, the two signals may experience the same / similar channel conditions. From the perspective of the receiver, when one of the two signals is received, the other signal can be detected using the channel characteristics of the received signal.

[0123] In this sense, A and B are QCL'd in the sense that A and B experience similar channel conditions, and therefore channel information estimated to detect A is also useful in detecting B. Here, the channel conditions can be defined by, for example, Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, spatial reception parameters, etc.

[0124] The "TCI-State" parameter associates one or two downlink reference signals with a corresponding QCL type (there are QCL types A, B, C, and D, see Table 4).

[0125] [Table 4]

[0126] Each "TCI-State" may include parameters for setting a quasi-co-location (QCL) relationship between one or two downlink reference signals and a DM-RS port of a PDSCH (or PDCCH) or a CSI-RS port of a CSI-RS resource.

[0127] Meanwhile, in each DL BWP configured in a UE in one serving cell, the UE may be provided with 10 or less search space sets. For each search space set, the UE may be provided with at least one of the following information:

[0128] 1) Search space set index s (0≦s<40), 2) Association between core set P and search space set s, 3) PDCCH monitoring period and PDCCH monitoring offset (slot unit), 4) PDCCH monitoring pattern within a slot (e.g., indicating the first symbol of the core set within a slot for PDCCH monitoring), 5) Number of slots in which search space set s exists, 6) Number of PDCCH candidates per CCE aggregation level, 7) Information indicating whether search space set s is CSS or USS, etc.

[0129] Core set #0 in NR can be configured by PBCH (or UE-specific signaling for handover, PSCell configuration, or BWP configuration). Search space (SS) set #0 configured by PBCH can have different monitoring offsets (e.g., slot offset, symbol offset) for each associated SSB. This is necessary to minimize the search space occasions at which the UE should monitor. It is also necessary in the sense of providing a beam sweeping control / data region that can transmit control / data by each beam so that communication with the UE can be sustained in a situation where the UE's best beam dynamically changes.

[0130] FIG. 10 illustrates physical channels and typical signal transmission.

[0131] 10, in a wireless communication system, a terminal receives information from a base station through a downlink (DL), and transmits information to the base station through an uplink (UL). Information transmitted and received between the base station and the terminal includes data and various control information, and various physical channels exist according to the type / use of the information transmitted and received.

[0132] When a terminal is turned on after being turned off or newly enters a cell, it performs an initial cell search operation such as synchronizing with a base station (S11). For this, the terminal receives a Primary Synchronization Channel (PSCH) and a Secondary Synchronization Channel (SSCH) from the base station to synchronize with the base station and obtain information such as a cell identity (cell ID). In addition, the terminal can obtain broadcast information within a cell by receiving a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) from the base station. In addition, the terminal can receive a Downlink Reference Signal (DL RS) in the initial cell search step to check the downlink channel state.

[0133] The (initial) cell search may refer to a procedure in which a terminal acquires time and frequency synchronization with a cell and detects the cell ID of the cell. The cell search may be performed based on the primary synchronization signal and secondary synchronization signal of the cell, and the PBCH DMRS.

[0134] After completing the initial cell search, the terminal can receive a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and a corresponding physical downlink control channel (PDSCH) to obtain more specific system information (S12).

[0135] Thereafter, the terminal may perform a random access procedure to complete connection to the base station (S13 to S16). Specifically, the terminal may transmit a preamble over a physical random access channel (PRACH) (S13) and receive a random access response (RAR) for the preamble over a PDCCH and a corresponding PDSCH (S14). Thereafter, the terminal may transmit a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) using scheduling information in the RAR (S15) and perform a contention resolution procedure like the PDCCH and a corresponding PDSCH (this may be referred to as a process of receiving a contention resolution message) (S16).

[0136] The terminal that has performed the above-mentioned procedure can then perform PDCCH / PDSCH reception (S17) and PUSCH / PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) transmission (S18) as a general uplink / downlink signal transmission procedure. Control information that the terminal transmits to the base station is called UCI (Uplink Control Information). UCI includes HARQ ACK / NACK (Hybrid Automatic Repeat and reQuest Acknowledgement / Negative-ACK), SR (Scheduling Request), CSI (Channel State Information), etc. CSI includes CQI (Channel Quality Indicator), PMI (Precoding Matrix Indicator), RI (Rank Indication), etc. UCI is generally transmitted via PUCCH, but can be transmitted via PUSCH when control information and data are to be transmitted simultaneously. In addition, the terminal can aperiodically transmit UCI via PUSCH at the request / instruction of the network.

[0137] When bandwidth adaptation (BA) is configured, in order to enable reasonable battery consumption, only one uplink BWP (bandwidth part) and one downlink BWP or only one downlink / uplink BWP pair for each uplink carrier can be activated at a time in the active serving cell, and all other BWPs configured in the UE are deactivated. In a deactivated BWP, the UE does not monitor the PDCCH and does not transmit on the PUCCH, PRACH, and UL-SCH.

[0138] For a BA, the reception and transmission bandwidth of the terminal need not be as wide as the bandwidth of the cell and can be adjusted: the width can be commanded to change (e.g., shrink during periods of low activity to save power), the location in the frequency domain can be moved (e.g., to increase scheduling flexibility), and the subcarrier spacing can be commanded to change (e.g., to allow for different services). A subset of the entire cell bandwidth of a cell is called a bandwidth part (BWP), and the BA is obtained by configuring BWP(s) in the terminal and informing the terminal which of the configured BWPs is currently active. When a BA is configured, it is sufficient for the terminal to monitor the PDCCH on one active BWP. That is, there is no need to monitor the PDCCH on the entire downlink frequency of the cell. A BWP inactivation timer (independent of the DRX inactivation timer described above) is used when converting an active BWP to a default BWP: the timer is restarted if PDCCH decoding is successful, and switching to the default BWP occurs if the timer expires.

[0139] The following describes an integrated access and backhaul link (IAB). For convenience of explanation, the proposed method will be described based on a new RAT (NR) system, but the range of systems to which the proposed method is applied can be extended to other systems such as 3GPP LTE / LTE-A systems in addition to the NR system.

[0140] One potential technology targeted at enabling future cellular network deployment scenarios and applications is the flexible and very dense deployment of NR cells without the need to proportionately densify the transport network as support for wireless backhaul and relay links.

[0141] The expected availability of larger bandwidths in NR compared to LTE (e.g., mmWave spectrum) along with native deployment of massive MIMO or multi-beam systems creates an opportunity for the development and deployment of integrated access and backhaul links. This allows for easier deployment of dense networks of self-backhauled NR cells in a more integrated manner by establishing multiple control and data channels / procedures defined to provide connectivity or access to terminals. Such a system is referred to as integrated access and backhaul links (IAB).

[0142] For the purposes of this disclosure, the following definitions apply:

[0143] -AC(x): Access link between node(x) and terminal(s).

[0144] -BH(xy): Backhaul link between node (x) and node (y).

[0145] In this case, the node may refer to a DgNB (donor gNB) or a relay node (RN), where the DgNB or donor node is a gNB that provides a function to support backhaul for the IAB node.

[0146] When relay node 1 and relay node 2 exist, when relay node 1 is connected to relay node 2 via a backhaul link and relays data transmitted to and received from relay node 2, relay node 1 is called the parent node of relay node 2, and relay node 2 is called the child node of relay node 1.

[0147] In this specification, technical features individually described in one drawing may be embodied individually or simultaneously.

[0148] The following drawings are created to explain a specific example of the present specification. The names of specific devices and names of specific signals / messages / fields described in the drawings are presented for illustrative purposes only, and the technical features of the present specification are not limited to the specific names used in the following drawings.

[0149] In this disclosure, a method for determining operating frequency resources of a mobile termination (MT) and a remote unit (RU) of a network-controlled repeater (NCR) in an NR environment is proposed. Hereinafter, the repeater may be called a repeater. Hereinafter, the MT may be called an NCR-MT, and the RU may be called an NCR-Fwd (forwarding).

[0150] <Transport network architecture for 5G>

[0151] FIG. 11 illustrates a transport network architecture for 5G.

[0152] The ITU-T (Telecommunication Standardization Sector) has adopted a transport network architecture for 5G consisting of three logical elements: CU (Centralized Unit), DU (Distributed Unit), and RU (Remote Unit), as shown in Figure 11(a).

[0153] In this model, mid and lower layer functions are divided into DU and RU. The RU implements RF functions and, depending on the functional division between the RU and DU, also implements low-PHY and high-PHY functions, if possible. Depending on the network requirements, the CU, DU, and RU can be grouped in different combinations to form actual physical network elements.

[0154] For example, CUs, DUs, and RUs can be grouped in various combinations as shown in (b) to (d) of Figure 11. This provides flexibility to accommodate various network architectures, applications, and transport network requirements.

[0155] As shown in FIG. 11, the transport network between the 5GC and the CU is called the backhaul. The backhaul network implements a 3GPP NG interface. Similarly, the transport network between the CU and the DU is called the midhaul. The midhaul network implements a 3GPP F1 interface. Finally, the transport network between the DU and the RU is called the fronthaul. The backhaul, midhaul, and fronthaul can be commonly referred to as xhaul.

[0156] Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), also known as intelligent reflective surfaces (IRS) and large intelligent surfaces (LIS), are programmable structures that can be used to control electromagnetic (EM) waves by modifying the electrical and magnetic properties of the surface.

[0157] In addition to controlling electromagnetic waves, a RIS can also be used to integrate sensing capabilities to sense the wireless environment. Placing a RIS in the environment in which a wireless system operates can provide at least partial control over the attributes of the wireless channel.

[0158] The unique capabilities of RIS can provide many benefits, including the potential to improve stability and coverage performance through beamforming or range extension. The ability to control the radio environment somewhat changes the existing wireless system design paradigm, where the wireless channel was largely viewed as an uncontrollable entity that distorted the transmitted signal. Traditionally, the transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) were designed to evenly distribute the effects of the channel. A variety of scenarios can be imagined, from placing a single RIS on a wall to sending a signal coming in a predefined direction.

[0159] By using RIS, the "transmission effect" of base station signals through which external signals are transmitted into a building can be provided, and by providing the "reflection effect" in a Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) environment, the coverage for shadow areas can be improved.

[0160] <Network-controlled repeater in NR>

[0161] (1) Conventional RF repeater

[0162] (Conventionally) An RF repeater is a non-regenerative type of relay node that simply amplifies and transmits everything it receives. The main advantages of an RF repeater are low cost, ease of deployment, and no increase in latency. The main disadvantage is that it can amplify both signals and noise, contributing to an increase in system interference (contamination).

[0163] (2) Rel-17 WI's RF repeater (RAN4) (Rel-17 WI on RF repeater (RAN4))

[0164] The RF repeater is defined in Rel-17 of RAN4 for the FR1 band FDD / TDD and the FR2 band. The Rel-17 Work Item Description (WID) only includes RF requirements. It is explicitly stated in the RAN4 WID that "it is assumed that the repeater does not perform adaptive beamforming towards the terminal."

[0165] (3) Rel-18 Network controlled repeater for NR

[0166] Coverage is a fundamental aspect of cellular network deployment. Mobile operators rely on various types of network nodes to provide comprehensive coverage. The deployment of regular full-stack cells is an option, but may not always be possible (e.g., in the absence of backhaul availability) or economically viable.

[0167] As a result, new types of network nodes have been considered to give mobile operators more flexibility in network deployment. For example, the Integrated Access and Backhaul (IAB) is a new type of network node that does not require a wired backhaul and was introduced in Rel-16 and improved in Rel-17. Another type of network node is an RF repeater that simply amplifies and transmits all signals it receives. RF repeaters are widely deployed to complement the coverage provided by regular full-stack cells in 2G, 3G, and 4G.

[0168] RF repeaters provide a cost-effective means of extending network coverage, but they have limitations. RF repeaters simply perform the task of amplification and transmission without consideration of various factors that can improve performance, such as semi-static and / or dynamic downlink / uplink configuration, adaptive transmitter / receiver spatial beamforming, information for ON-OFF status, etc.

[0169] A network controlled repeater (NCR) is an improved version of existing RF repeaters in that it receives and processes side control information from the network. The side control information allows the network controlled repeater to perform amplification and transmission tasks in a more efficient manner. Potential benefits can include mitigation of unnecessary noise amplification, better spatially directional transmission and reception, simplified network integration, etc.

[0170] Research into network controlled repeaters (NCR) can focus on the following scenarios and assumptions:

[0171] Network controlled repeaters are in-band RF repeaters used to extend network coverage in the FR1 and FR2 bands, and FR2 deployments can be prioritized for all outdoor and O2I scenarios.

[0172] The network controlled repeater can be transparent to the terminals.

[0173] A network controlled repeater can simultaneously maintain a base station-repeater link and a repeater-terminal link.

[0174] Cost-effectiveness is a key consideration for network-controlled repeaters.

[0175] The following side control information must be studied and identified:

[0176] Beam forming information, timing information for aligning the transmission and reception boundaries of network control repeaters, UL-DL TDD setting information, ON-OFF information for efficient interference management and improved energy efficiency, power control information for efficient interference management, etc.

[0177] It is necessary to research and identify L1 / L2 signals (including corresponding settings) for transmitting side control information. In the management aspect of network control repeaters, it is necessary to research the identification and authentication of network control repeaters.

[0178] The NCR can be considered to be composed of an RU and an MT.

[0179] FIG. 12 shows an example of a topology in which an NCR performs transmission and reception between a base station and a terminal.

[0180] 12, a CU and / or a DU exist in a base station, and an NCR may be connected to the base station. The NCR may be composed of an MT and an RU.

[0181] The RU can be composed of only the RF layer. The RU can receive signals transmitted by the base station at the RF end and forward them to the terminal, and can receive signals transmitted by the terminal at the RF end and forward them to the base station.

[0182] The RU only transmits signals between the base station and the terminal, and cannot generate signals / channels by itself and transmit them to the base station / terminal, or receive and detect signals / channels from the base station / terminal.

[0183] In order to forward a received signal, the RU can adjust the transmit / receive beam direction, DL / UL direction, ON / OFF, transmit (Tx) power, etc. at the RF end. However, such RU operations cannot be determined by the NCR itself and can only be controlled by the base station.

[0184] The MT may include an RF layer and an L1, L2, and / or L3 layer. For example, the MT may be composed of only an RF layer and an L1 layer or an L1 / L2 layer. Or, the MT may be composed of an RF layer and an L1 / L2 / L3 layer.

[0185] The MT can detect / receive signals / channels transmitted by the base station, generate and transmit signals / channels to the base station, and receive information (i.e., side control information) required to control the operation of the RU from the base station. The MT does not transmit or receive with the terminal.

[0186] FIG. 13 is a diagram comparing the operation of NCR and existing RF repeaters.

[0187] As shown in (a) of Figure 13, in the case of the existing RF repeater, beamforming was performed applying omni-directions or fixed directions, whereas in the NCR, beamforming gain can be obtained by adaptively adjusting the Tx / Rx beam direction of the NCR according to the terminal position and the terminal channel condition as shown in (b) of Figure 13.

[0188] In the case of existing RF repeaters, the TDD system was unable to distinguish between DL / UL directions and always performed simultaneous transmission and reception in the DL and UL directions. Or, only fixed TDD settings were applied and switching between DL and UL directions was performed in a fixed time pattern. In contrast, NCR can perform DL / UL switching by taking the TDD settings into consideration. This enables adaptive DL / UL operation and reduces power waste and interference caused by forwarding unnecessary signals.

[0189] Existing RF repeaters always amplified and transmitted the power of the received signal regardless of whether the base station or terminal was transmitting a signal. This resulted in unnecessary power consumption and increased interference to the surrounding area. NCR performs ON / OFF operation, and when there is no signal to transmit to the base station / terminal, it turns off the RU operation to prevent unnecessary signals from being transmitted.

[0190] Existing RF repeaters amplified the power of received signals at a fixed ratio before transmitting them. With NCR, when transmitting signals with unnecessarily high power, the NCR transmission power is reduced to reduce the impact of interference on the surroundings, and when transmitting signals with less power, the NCR transmission power is increased to ensure stable transmission of signals to the receiver.

[0191] Existing RF repeaters operate without knowing the DL / UL slot boundary. In contrast, in the case of NCR, the NCR must know the DL and UL transmission / reception boundaries in order to adaptively adjust beamforming, ON / OFF, DL / UL direction, Tx power, etc., as described above. This allows the RU to operate differently for each unit of time (e.g., slot / symbol).

[0192] FIG. 14 illustrates links between base stations, NCRs, and terminals.

[0193] Referring to FIG. 14, the NCR may include NCR-MT and NCR-Fwd.

[0194] The NCR-MT may be defined as a functional entity that communicates with the base station (gNB) via a control link (C-link) to enable information exchange (e.g., side control information). The C-link may be based on the NR Uu interface.

[0195] The side control information is at least information for NCR-Fwd control.

[0196] The NCR-Fwd can be defined as a functional entity that performs amplification and transmission of UL / DL RF signals between a base station and a terminal (UE) via a backhaul link and an access link. The operation of the NCR-Fwd is controlled by side control information received from the base station.

[0197] The contents of this disclosure are described assuming operation in an NCR. However, the contents of this disclosure can also be applied to devices that are not NCRs. In particular, the contents of this disclosure can be applied to the operation of a RIS. For this reason, the NCR referred to in this disclosure can be replaced with a RIS and expanded / analyzed. In this case, the RU can perform the role of forwarding signals from the base station to the terminal and forwarding signals from the terminal to the base station in the RIS, and the MT can perform the role of receiving side control information from the base station to control signal transmission of the RU.

[0198] Based on these discussions, this disclosure proposes an association between side control information and time domain resources during NCR operation.

[0199] In the present disclosure, a network can be analyzed by being substituted for a base station or a CU / DU, and a base station can be analyzed by being substituted for a network, a CU, or a DU.

[0200] In the NCR, the RU can consider adjusting the transmit / receive beam direction, DL / UL direction, ON / OFF, transmit power, etc. at the RF end to forward the signal received. However, such RU operation cannot be determined by the NCR itself, but can only be controlled by the base station. For this reason, the MT can receive information required to control the operation of the RU from the base station (i.e., side control information). Such side control information can be transmitted via L1 / L2 signaling such as DCI and MAC-CE.

[0201] The side control information may include, for example, all or some of the following information:

[0202] 1) Beamforming information. This may refer to information regarding the Tx / Rx beam direction of the RU. Such information may include beam directions for UL Tx to the base station, DL Rx from the base station, DL Tx to the terminal, and / or UL Rx from the terminal.

[0203] 2) Timing information to align transmission / reception boundaries of network-controlled repeater. This can mean information for the RU to align Tx / Rx slot or symbol boundaries.

[0204] 3) Information on UL-DL TDD configuration. This may mean information on the DL / UL direction of the RU.

[0205] 4) ON-OFF information for efficient interference management and improved energy efficiency. This may mean information on the ON-OFF operation of an RU.

[0206] 5) Power control information for efficient interference management. This may mean information on the transmission power of the RU. Such information may include UL transmission power to the base station and / or DL ​​transmission power to the terminal.

[0207] The side control information may be applied differently for each time resource, in which case the side control information needs to be indicated for each time resource.

[0208] When side control information is transmitted by MAC-CE and / or DCI, the side control information can be transmitted by different MAC-CE and / or DCI for each time resource unit. In this case, there is a burden of transmitting side control information for each time resource unit. In consideration of this, when transmitting side control information only once, side control information for a plurality of time resource units can be indicated. In this case, there is a drawback in that side control information for a plurality of time resource units must be determined and set in advance, but efficient signaling is possible.

[0209] In consideration of these points, a method of determining a time resource to which side control information is applied in NCR and a method of indicating side control information for multiple time resources will be proposed below.

[0210] In this disclosure, for side control information transmitted by a base station to an MT for operation of an RU in NCR, a method for determining a time resource to which the side control information is applied and a method for indicating side control information for multiple time resources are proposed.

[0211] <Time resource unit for side control information>

[0212] In this disclosure, when the base station indicates the side control information to be applied to the RU to the MT, a time resource unit of the side control information is proposed. At this time, the unit of the time resource to which the side control information is applied is, for example, a slot. That is, the side control information can be indicated in slot units.

[0213] In order to determine the actual time resource corresponding to such a time resource unit, subcarrier spacing (SCS) information can be set. The length of a slot in the time domain can vary depending on the subcarrier spacing in the frequency domain used.

[0214] In the case of an RU, the RU does not know the subcarrier spacing information and slot length information of the signal it forwards. Therefore, when the RU receives the side control information configuration, it cannot determine the actual time resource of the slot to which the corresponding side control information is applied. Taking this into consideration, the base station can configure information on the subcarrier spacing applied to the RU in the MT. For example, the base station can configure / provide the reference subcarrier spacing (SCS) information applied to the configuration of the side control information for the RU's forwarding operation in the MT.

[0215] According to an embodiment, the time resource unit to which the side control information is applied is multiple slots. That is, the side control information can be applied differently (or independently) in units of multiple slots. For example, when the side control information is applied in units of M (M is a natural number equal to or greater than 2) slots (that is, when the time resource unit for the side control information is M slots), the value of M is a value set in the MT by the base station. The value of M can be semi-statically set in the MT by the base station via an RRC signal. Alternatively, every time side control information is transmitted, a value corresponding to M can be indicated to the MT by the base station via MAC-CE and / or DCI, etc.

[0216] For convenience of explanation, the following description assumes that the time domain resource unit of the side control information is a slot. However, the present disclosure includes other time domain resource units (e.g., multiple slots, symbols, multiple symbols) instead of a slot.

[0217] <Method of indicating side control information for multiple time resources>

[0218] When the base station indicates the side control information to be applied to the RU to the MT, the side control information for the multiple time resource unit may be also indicated. In this case, the side control information for the multiple time resource may be indicated as follows.

[0219] Method 1. A method in which side control information to be applied is indicated on a time resource unit basis.

[0220] Side control information to be applied to each time resource for multiple time resources may be indicated in units of time resource units. For example, side control information to be applied to each slot for multiple slots may be indicated. In this case, such multiple slots may mean consecutive slots or non-consecutive slots.

[0221] For this purpose, N side control information values ​​are indicated, and the nth indication value among them may represent side control information applied to the nth slot among the N slots. For example, 64 beam index values ​​are indicated via the side control information, and the nth beam index value may represent a beam index applied to the nth slot among the 64 slots.

[0222] Method 2. A method in which time resource information to which the corresponding information is applied is indicated according to side control information.

[0223] When the side control information can have one of a plurality of values ​​(or states), information on a time resource to which the corresponding value (or state) is applied can be indicated for each value (or state) of the side control information. For example, information on a set of slot indexes to which the corresponding value (or state) is applied can be indicated for each value (or state) of the side control information.

[0224] For example, the slot index to which each beam index is applied can be indicated for A beam indexes via side control information.

[0225] Method 3: A method in which the start position and / or duration information of a time resource to which corresponding information is applied is indicated for each side control information.

[0226] In this manner, the MT can determine that the corresponding side control information is applied from the start position of the time resource to the duration of the time resource.

[0227] According to an embodiment, the MT may receive an instruction of a value K corresponding to a start position where the side control information is applied from the base station, and an instruction of a value D corresponding to a period. In this case, the MT may determine that the corresponding side control information is applied from a point K slots after the point where the corresponding side control information is received to a point D slots after the point.

[0228] According to an embodiment, the MT can determine the start position of the time resource to which the side control information is applied without a separate instruction. For example, the MT can determine that the start position of the time resource is applied from a point K' slots after the point at which the corresponding side control information is received. In this case, the value of K' can be defined as a specific value in the standard.

[0229] Such an indication may include side control information for D time resource units (e.g., D slots). In this case, the duration D value may be fixed in a standard or may be flexibly determined within a range determined when the side control information is indicated. Depending on the embodiment, the value that can be used as the duration D may be the same as or a part of the duration / period value that the TDD configuration may have. Alternatively, the value that can be used as the duration D may include a multiple of the duration / period value that the TDD configuration may have.

[0230] Such indication can be applied periodically or aperiodically. In the case of side control information indicated by MAC-CE, the indicated information can be applied periodically. Meanwhile, in the case of side control information indicated by DCI, the indicated information can be applied aperiodically.

[0231] When such an indication is applied periodically, P time resource units (e.g., P slots) can be applied periodically. In this case, the value of the period P can be fixed in the standard or can be set by the base station. Alternatively, it can be set together with the indication of side control information from the base station. Alternatively, the value of the period P is the same as the value of the interval D.

[0232] <Method of indicating side control information for a single time resource>

[0233] When the base station indicates to the MT the side control information to be applied to the RU, the side control information for a specific time resource unit can be indicated. When the MT receives the side control information, the corresponding side control information can be applied to a specific time resource (e.g., slot).

[0234] To this end, the time resource to which the side control information is applied can be determined in the following manner.

[0235] Method 1: When transmitting side control information, slot index information to which the side control information is applied can be indicated together, so that the NCR can determine that the side control information is applied to a slot corresponding to the corresponding slot index.

[0236] Method 2: When side control information is indicated (received) in a specific slot #n, it can be determined that the corresponding side control information is applied in slot #n+K. In this case, the value of K can be 1) specified to a specific value in the standard, or 2) set semi-statically (semi-persistent), or 3) indicated together with the side control information.

[0237] <Two-step indication of side control information>

[0238] For efficient signaling, side control information applied to an RU can be indicated in multiple steps. The same side control information can be applied to a time period in which a periodic signal such as SS / PBCH or CSI-RS is transmitted. In such a time period, the RU can operate with the same DL direction, perform ON operation, and have the same Tx beam direction. In this case, applying the same side control information periodically is effective in terms of signaling overhead.

[0239] On the other hand, when performing dynamic DL / UL transmission and reception, the side control information applied to each time resource may be different, and the side control information needs to be dynamically indicated. In this case, it is effective to apply the side control information aperiodically only to a specific time resource.

[0240] In consideration of this, the present disclosure proposes a method for indicating side control information through multiple steps as follows: The side control information may be composed of first signaling and second signaling as follows.

[0241] 1) First signaling

[0242] First, side control information for single or multiple slot resources can be indicated from the base station to the MT as the first signaling. In this case, for example, the method described in <Method of indicating side control information for multiple time resources> can be used. Such first signaling can be applied periodically or semi-statically. In this case, such first signaling can be signaled, for example, via RRC or MAC-CE.

[0243] 2) Second signaling

[0244] Additionally or independently, side control information for single or multiple slot resources can be indicated from the base station to the MT. In this case, for example, the method described in <Side control information indication method for multiple time resources> or <Side control information indication method for single time resource> can be used. Such second signaling can be applied aperiodically. The second signaling can be signaled, for example, via MAC-CE or DCI.

[0245] For example, side control information for multiple slots may be signaled via MAC-CE as first signaling, and then side control information for a single slot or a set of slots may be signaled via DCI as second signaling.

[0246] Alternatively, as another example, side control information for multiple slots may be signaled via MAC-CE as the first signaling, and such signaling may be applied periodically, and then side control information for a single or multiple slots may be signaled via DCI as the second signaling, and such signaling may be applied aperiodically.

[0247] Alternatively, the first signaling may refer to a signaling that is transmitted earlier, and the second signaling may refer to a signaling that is transmitted later. For example, the first signaling and the second signaling are both signalings that are aperiodically indicated via DCI, and in terms of time order, the signaling indicated earlier is the first signaling, and the signaling indicated later is the second signaling.

[0248] Both the first signaling and the second signaling can be transmitted for a specific time resource. Taking this into consideration, the following operation can be performed.

[0249] Alt 1. Priority for first signaling

[0250] A first signaling may be transmitted in a specific time resource, and a second signaling may be transmitted in addition, in which case the MT applies the first signaling information and does not apply the second signaling information.

[0251] If the first signaling is transmitted in a specific time resource, the second signaling is not transmitted. If the first signaling is not transmitted in a specific time resource, the second signaling can be transmitted. That is, the MT expects that the second signaling is not transmitted in the time resource in which the first signaling is transmitted.

[0252] Alt 2. Priority for secondary signaling

[0253] A first signaling may be transmitted in a specific time resource and a second signaling may be transmitted in addition, in which case the MT overrides the first signaling information with the second signaling information.

[0254] Alt 3. Priority for secondary signaling on "OFF" resources

[0255] The second signaling can be transmitted only for resources where the first signaling explicitly / implicitly determines that the RU operates in "OFF". In this case, the MT overrides the first signaling with the second signaling in the corresponding time resource.

[0256] Although the first signaling is transmitted in a specific time resource, the second signaling can be transmitted in addition. In this case, the MT overrides the first signaling information with the second signaling information in the resource where the first signaling explicitly / implicitly determines that the RU operates in "OFF".

[0257] When side control information is signaled in a periodic, semi-persistent, aperiodic, or other manner, conflicts can occur between multiple (e.g., two) signals for the same resource.

[0258] In the case of an existing terminal, when a collision occurs between transmissions of different signals / channels, a case may occur in which a transmission of a previously scheduled signal / channel is not actually transmitted due to the transmission of a later scheduled signal / channel, as in the example below.

[0259] i) When URLLC data is transmitted without performing eMBB data transmission by transmitting URLLC data.

[0260] ii) When there is a collision between an SRS transmission resource and a PUSCH / PUCCH transmission resource, SRS transmission is not performed due to PUSCH / PUCCH transmission, and PUSCH / PUCCH is transmitted.

[0261] Considering such an operation of the legacy terminal, a new beam indication is required to override a previous beam indication for the same time resource. For example, when an indication of at least semi-static (semi-persistent) side control information information conflicts with an indication of dynamic side control information, an operation is required to apply an indication of dynamic side control information rather than the semi-static side control information information.

[0262] Alternatively, an operation is required to override the side control information specified earlier in the resource where the collision occurred with the side control information specified later.

[0263] On the other hand, for some signals / channels such as SSB, if collision with other signals / channels is not expected or if a collision occurs with the transmission of a newly scheduled signal / channel, the transmission of the newly scheduled signal / channel is not performed and the transmission of the SSB is prioritized.

[0264] With this in mind, if side control information is semi-statically configured for the forwarding operation of a signal / channel such as SSB, such resources should not be overridden with new side control information even if a collision occurs with newly signaled side control information thereafter.

[0265] <Indication of priority information>

[0266] When multiple (e.g., two) pieces of side control information collide for the same time resource, it is necessary to determine which side control information should be prioritized for each time resource. In consideration of this, when setting / indicating side control information, information on priority related to the application of the corresponding side control information can be also indicated.

[0267] For example, when semi-static side control information is set, priority information of the corresponding setting may be indicated. Such priority information may indicate whether the corresponding side control information has priority when colliding with other side control information. For example, priority information of 0 may indicate that the corresponding setting has low priority, and priority information of 1 may indicate that the corresponding setting has high priority. Such priority information may be set for each setting. Alternatively, it may be set independently for each time resource within one setting. Alternatively, it may be set independently for each beam index within one setting.

[0268] Also, for example, when aperiodic side control information is indicated, priority information of the corresponding setting may be indicated together. Such priority information may indicate whether the corresponding side control information has priority when it collides with other side control information. For example, if the priority information is 0, it may mean that the corresponding setting has low priority, and if the priority information is 1, it may mean that the corresponding setting has high priority. Such priority information may be set for each aperiodic instruction. Alternatively, it may be set independently for each time resource within one aperiodic instruction. Alternatively, it may be set independently for each beam index within one aperiodic setting.

[0269] A priority flag can be introduced for each list of periodic indications and semi-static / semi-persistent indications, which can give priority to periodic and semi-static indications over aperiodic indications.

[0270] In the case of conflict between beam directions of different types of directions, priority may be given in the following order: 1) aperiodic beam directions, 2) semi-static (semi-permanent) beam directions, and 3) periodic beam directions. If the flag is present, periodic and semi-static directions may have priority over aperiodic directions.

[0271] No collisions can be expected between periodic beam pointing, and no collisions can be expected between semi-static (semi-permanent) pointing.

[0272] In the event of a collision between two aperiodic instructions, the most recent instruction may be deemed to have priority.

[0273] <Actions based on priority information>

[0274] When two pieces of side control information collide in the same time resource, the following operations can be performed according to the two pieces of side control information.

[0275] 1) When the priority information of two side control information are different from each other, the NCR can apply the contents of the side control information with higher priority information in the corresponding time resource without applying the side control information with lower priority information.

[0276] 2) If the priority information of two pieces of side control information is the same or if there is no priority information in the two pieces of side control information, i) the NCR may not apply the side control information set / indicated earlier and may apply the side control information set / indicated later, or ii) the NCR may not apply the side control information set semi-statically by the RRC / MAC-CE, etc. and may apply the side control information dynamically indicated via the DCI.

[0277] 3) In the case where priority information exists in one side control information and priority information does not exist in the other side control information, i) if the priority information of the side control information with priority information is low, the NCR may apply the side control information without priority information without applying the side control information with low priority information, or ii) if the priority information of the side control information with priority information is high, the NCR may apply the side control information with high priority information without applying the side control information without priority information.

[0278] <Operation in time resources where side control information is not indicated>

[0279] In the case of a conventional repeater, regardless of whether it actually transmits or receives a meaningful signal / channel, it always forwards signals received from a base station to a terminal and forwards signals received from the terminal to the base station.

[0280] Such an operation may waste the power of the NCR and cause unnecessary interference to neighboring terminals and base stations. In consideration of this, the base station may instruct the ON / OFF operation of the NCR through side control information. For example, the base station may inform the NCR of the time resource to which the side control information is applied. At this time, it is unclear how the NCR operates in the time resource to which the side control information is not indicated.

[0281] When side control information is indicated in units of time resources, a case may occur where side control information is not indicated for a specific time resource. When side control information is not indicated for a specific time resource, the following operation may be performed.

[0282] Alt a.RU can operate by applying default side control information. The default value of the side control information can correspond to a specific value (or specific state) among multiple values ​​(or states) held by the side control information. Alternatively, the default value of the side control information can be set to the MT by the base station. Such a default value of the side control information or a value (or state) of the side control information corresponding to the default value is defined in the standard or is a value set to the MT by the base station.

[0283] Alt b. The RU does not operate on the corresponding time resource, i.e., the RU determines that the corresponding resource is a resource for performing "OFF" operation, and does not perform signal forwarding operation on the corresponding resource.

[0284] The above-mentioned method may be applied only to specific side control information. For example, when information on a beam direction is not indicated in a specific slot resource, the above-mentioned method may be applied. Or, when information on a DL / UL direction is not indicated in a slot resource, the above-mentioned method may be applied.

[0285] FIG. 15 illustrates the operation of the NCR.

[0286] 15, the NCR includes NCR-MT and NCR-Fwd. The NCR-MT may receive a beam indication from the base station at time t1, for example. The beam indication is information indicating {beam index, time resource} and may be provided via an RRC signal / message or DCI.

[0287] For example, RRC signaling can be used for periodic beam indication for the access link. The RRC signaling can be used to indicate X forwarding resources (1≦X≦X) on which the NCR-MT forwarding operation can be performed. max ), where each forwarding resource can be defined as {beam index, time resource}.

[0288] The time resource can be defined as, for example, {a start slot defined by a slot offset (within one period), a start symbol defined by a symbol offset within the slot, and an interval defined by the number of symbols}. For example, a slot spaced apart by the slot offset from the point where one period starts becomes the start slot of the time resource, a symbol spaced apart by the symbol offset from the first symbol of the start slot becomes the start symbol of the time resource, and a number of symbols indicated by the interval from the start symbol become the symbols of the time resource.

[0289] For periodic beam indication, the RRC signal can also set a periodicity. The same periodicity can be assumed for all time resources within one periodic beam indication.

[0290] For periodic beam pointing, the RRC signal can also set a reference subcarrier spacing (SCS). The same reference SCS can be assumed for all time resources within one periodic beam pointing.

[0291] For semi-persistent beam direction, the RRC signal contains Y lists, where the yth list is Z y pieces (1≦Z y ≦Z max ) forwarding resources. max may mean the maximum beam that can be indicated by one indication, e.g., 128. Each forwarding resource may be defined as {beam index, time resource}. A period and a reference SCS may be set for each list by the RRC signal. For example, a period and a reference SCS may be set independently for each list by the RRC signal. A MAC-CE may activate / de-activate one of the Y lists, in which case Z y All forwarding resources are selected. The MAC-CE y An update to the beam index can be provided.

[0292] In the case of aperiodic beam indication for the access link, one DCI may be used and may include the following information:

[0293] L max These fields can be used to indicate beam information. Each field can indicate or correspond to one beam index. The number of bits (bitwidth) of each field can be determined by the number of beams used for the access link.

[0294] T max These fields can be used to indicate time resources. A list of time resources can be predefined by RRC signaling. The number of bits (bitwidth) of each field can be determined by the length of the list.max The value is L max (i.e., T max =L max ). max The value is always L max is the same as T max The value of can be set by RRC signaling.

[0295] In the aperiodic beam direction for the access link via DCI, max =L max is supported (or T max The value is always L max In the case of the non-periodic beam indication for the access link, the time resource indication and the beam indication can be sequentially mapped 1:1. Also, in the non-periodic beam indication for the access link, the reference SCS for the time resource can be set by RRC signaling for time resource configuration.

[0296] NCR-Fwd is expected to be in the OFF state unless explicitly or implicitly instructed by the base station. The ON state of NCR-Fwd for NR frequency bands FR1 and FR2 is instructed by the base station. For example, the ON state of the NCR-Fwd can be indicated through the above-mentioned beam indication. When there is a beam indication, NCR-Fwd is assumed to be in the ON state in the time domain resource associated with the corresponding beam.

[0297] 15, assume that at t1, an instruction for a beam instruction is received from a base station, and the beam instruction indicates {beam index #m, time resource #n}. In this case, NCR-Fwd is in the ON state in the time resource #n related to the beam indicated by beam index #m. And, NCR-Fwd is in the OFF state (or is assumed / expected / determined to be in the OFF state) in other time resources for which an instruction for the ON state is not explicitly / implicitly received from the base station.

[0298] FIG. 16 illustrates how the NCR operates.

[0299] 16, an NCR including an NCR-MT and an NCR-Fwd receives a control message from a base station via the NCR-MT, the control message indicating a beam to be applied to a forwarding operation of an access link of the NCR-Fwd and a forwarding resource in a time domain to which the beam is applied (S161). Here, the access link refers to a link between the NCR-Fwd and a terminal.

[0300] The forwarding resource may be defined as i) a starting slot defined by a slot offset, ii) a starting symbol defined by a symbol offset within the slot, and iii) a duration defined by the number of symbols. That is, the forwarding resource is a time domain resource and is associated with a beam indicated by the control message. The beam may be indicated by, for example, a beam index included in the control message.

[0301] The NCR performs a forwarding operation via the NCR-Fwd based on the control message (S162). The NCR-Fwd is in an OFF state (or is assumed / expected / determined to be in an OFF state) in time resources that are not the forwarding resources. Also, the NCR-Fwd is in an ON state (or is assumed / expected / determined to be in an ON state) in the forwarding resources associated with the beam. The NCR-Fwd performs a forwarding operation in an ON state and does not perform a forwarding operation in an OFF state.

[0302] According to this method, if there is no separate explicit / implicit instruction from the base station, the NCR-Fwd operates in the OFF state by default. By clarifying the operation of the NCR-Fwd in this way, it is possible to prevent ambiguity in the understanding of the operation between the base station and the NCR. In addition, it is possible to reduce unnecessary signaling for the NCR and prevent unnecessary interference with surrounding devices.

[0303] The NCR-MT is in a radio resource control (RRC) connected state with the base station, or is in an RRC idle / inactive state and may perform a DRX operation to control the ON-OFF operation of the NCR-Fwd.

[0304] The control messages are RRC signals / messages, DCI.

[0305] The forwarding operation of NCR-Fwd may include at least one of a first forwarding operation of amplifying a first signal received from a terminal and forwarding it to the base station, or a second forwarding operation of amplifying a second signal received from the base station and forwarding it to the terminal.

[0306] When different beam directions conflict with each other for a particular time resource, priority may be given to aperiodic beam directions, semi-persistent beam directions, and periodic beam directions in that order.

[0307] However, if the semi-static beam instruction or the periodic beam instruction has priority information (priority flag), the semi-static beam instruction or the periodic beam instruction may have a higher priority than the non-periodic beam instruction.

[0308] FIG. 17 illustrates a method of operation of a base station.

[0309] 17, the base station transmits a control message to the NCR-MT of an NCR including an NCR-MT and an NCR-Fwd to inform the NCR-MT of a beam to be applied to a forwarding operation of an access link of the NCR-Fwd and a forwarding resource of a time domain to which the beam is applied (S171). Here, the access link refers to a link between the NCR-Fwd and a terminal.

[0310] The base station receives a signal from NCR-Fwd or transmits a signal to NCR-Fwd based on the control message, and the base station determines / expects / assumes that NCR-Fwd is in an OFF state in time resources other than the forwarding resource (S172).The base station also determines / expects / assumes that NCR-Fwd is in an ON state in the forwarding resource associated with the beam.

[0311] FIG. 18 illustrates a wireless device to which the present disclosure can be applied.

[0312] Referring to FIG. 18, a first wireless device 100 and a second wireless device 200 can transmit and receive wireless signals via various wireless access technologies (e.g., LTE, NR).

[0313] The first wireless device 100 includes one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor 102 is configured to control the memory 104 and / or the transceiver 106 to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor 102 processes information in the memory 104 to generate a first information / signal, and then transmits a wireless signal including the first information / signal via the transceiver 106. The processor 102 also receives a wireless signal including a second information / signal via the transceiver 106, and then stores information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in the memory 104. The memory 104 is connected to the processor 102 and stores various information related to the operation of the processor 102. For example, the memory 104 stores software code including instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 102 or performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor 102 and the memory 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to realize a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver 106 is connected to the processor 102 and transmits and / or receives wireless signals via one or more antennas 108. The transceiver 106 includes a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 106 may be mixed with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0314] The processor 102 may be included in a network-controlled repeater (NCR) including a mobile termination (NCR-MT) and a forwarding (NCR-Fwd). The processor 102 receives a control message from a base station via the NCR-MT and performs a forwarding operation via the NCR-Fwd based on the control message. The control message indicates a beam to be applied to a forwarding operation for an access link of the NCR-Fwd and a forwarding resource of a time domain to which the beam is applied. The NCR-Fwd is in an OFF state in time resources that are not the forwarding resource. Also, the NCR-Fwd is in an ON state in the forwarding resource associated with the beam.

[0315] The second wireless device 200 includes one or more processors 202, one or more memories 204, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor 202 is configured to control the memory 204 and / or the transceiver 206 to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processor 202 processes information in the memory 204 to generate a third information / signal, and then transmits a wireless signal including the third information / signal via the transceiver 206. The processor 202 also receives a wireless signal including a fourth information / signal via the transceiver 206, and then stores information obtained from the signal processing of the fourth information / signal in the memory 204. The memory 204 is connected to the processor 202 and stores various information related to the operation of the processor 202. For example, the memory 204 stores software code including instructions for performing some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 202 or performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document. Here, the processor 202 and the memory 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to realize a wireless communication technology (e.g., LTE, NR). The transceiver 206 is connected to the processor 202 and transmits and / or receives wireless signals via one or more antennas 208. The transceiver 206 includes a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 206 may be mixed with an RF unit. In this disclosure, a wireless device may also mean a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0316] The processor 202 may be included in a base station. The processor 202 transmits a control message to the NCR-MT of an NCR including an NCR-MT and an NCR-Fwd, and receives a signal from the NCR-Fwd based on the control message, or transmits a signal to the NCR-Fwd. The control message indicates a beam to be applied to a forwarding operation for an access link of the NCR-Fwd and a forwarding resource of a time domain to which the beam is applied. The processor 202 operates by determining / assuming / expecting that the NCR-Fwd is in an OFF state in a time resource that is not the forwarding resource. The processor 202 operates by determining / assuming / expecting that the NCR-Fwd is in an ON state in the forwarding resource associated with the beam.

[0317] The hardware elements of the wireless device 100, 200 are described in more detail below. Without being limited thereto, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors 102, 202. For example, one or more processors 102, 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP, etc.). The one or more processors 102, 202 generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and / or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. The one or more processors 102, 202 generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. The one or more processors 102, 202 generate and provide signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information to the one or more transceivers 106, 206 according to the functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein. The one or more processors 102, 202 receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from the one or more transceivers 106, 206 and obtain the PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.

[0318] The one or more processors 102, 202 may be referred to as a controller, a microcontroller, a microprocessor, or a microcomputer. The one or more processors 102, 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, the one or more processors 102, 202 may include one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The one or more processors 102, 202 may be implemented by at least one computer readable medium (CRM) that includes instructions to be executed by at least one processor.

[0319] That is, the CRM performs the steps of receiving a control message from a base station via the NCR-MT of an NCR including an NCR-MT and an NCR-Fwd, and performing a forwarding operation via the NCR-Fwd based on the control message. The control message indicates a beam to be applied to the forwarding operation for the access link of the NCR-Fwd and a forwarding resource of a time domain to which the beam is applied. The NCR-Fwd is in an OFF state in time resources that are not the forwarding resource. The NCR-Fwd is in an ON state in the forwarding resource associated with the beam.

[0320] The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein may be implemented using firmware or software, which may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to execute the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein may be included in one or more processors 102, 202 or may be stored in one or more memories 104, 204 and executed by one or more processors 102, 202. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, instructions and / or collections of instructions.

[0321] The one or more memories 104, 204 are coupled to the one or more processors 102, 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions and / or commands. The one or more memories 104, 204 may be comprised of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drives, registers, cache memory, computer readable storage media and / or combinations thereof. The one or more memories 104, 204 may be located internal and / or external to the one or more processors 102, 202. Additionally, the one or more memories 104, 204 may be coupled to the one or more processors 102, 202 via various techniques, such as wired or wireless connections.

[0322] The one or more transceivers 106, 206 transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as referred to in the methods and / or operational flowcharts, etc., of this document to one or more other devices. The one or more transceivers 106, 206 receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts, etc., disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. For example, the one or more transceivers 106, 206 are connected to one or more processors 102, 202 to transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, the one or more processors 102, 202 control the one or more transceivers 106, 206 to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Also, the one or more processors 102, 202 control the one or more transceivers 106, 206 to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Also, the one or more transceivers 106, 206 are connected to one or more antennas 108, 208, and the one or more transceivers 106, 206 are configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., as referred to in the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and / or operational flowcharts disclosed herein, via the one or more antennas 108, 208. In this document, the one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). The one or more transceivers 106, 206 convert the received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing using one or more processors 102, 202. The one or more transceivers 106, 206 convert the user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc., processed using one or more processors 102, 202, from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more of the transceivers 106, 206 include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0323] 19 shows an example of a signal processing module structure, where the signal processing can also be performed by the processor 102, 202 of FIG.

[0324] Referring to FIG. 19, a transmitting device (e.g., a processor, a processor and a memory, or a processor and a transceiver) in a terminal or base station may include a scrambler 301, a modulator 302, a layer mapper 303, an antenna port mapper 304, a resource block mapper 305, and a signal generator 306.

[0325] The transmitting device can transmit one or more codewords. The coded bits in each codeword are scrambled by the scrambler 301 and transmitted on a physical channel. A codeword is also called a data stream and is equivalent to a transport block, which is a data block provided by the MAC layer.

[0326] The scrambled bits are modulated into complex-valued modulation symbols by a modulator 302. The modulator 302 can modulate the scrambled bits according to a modulation scheme and place them into complex modulation symbols representing positions on a signal constellation. There is no restriction on the modulation scheme, and m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying) or m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) can be used to modulate the encoded data. The modulator is also called a modulation mapper.

[0327] The complex modulation symbols may be mapped onto one or more transmission layers by a layer mapper 303. The complex modulation symbols on each layer may be mapped by an antenna port mapper 304 for transmission on an antenna port.

[0328] The resource block mapper 305 can map the complex modulation symbols for each antenna port to appropriate resource elements within a virtual resource block allocated for transmission. The resource block mapper can map the virtual resource blocks to physical resource blocks according to an appropriate mapping scheme. The resource block mapper 305 can allocate the complex modulation symbols for each antenna port to appropriate subcarriers for multiplexing by user.

[0329] The signal generator 306 can generate a complex-valued time domain OFDM symbol signal by modulating the complex modulation symbols for each antenna port, i.e., antenna-specific symbols, into a specific modulation scheme, for example, an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) scheme. The signal generator can perform an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) on the antenna-specific symbols, and can insert a Cyclic Prefix (CP) into the time domain symbols on which the IFFT has been performed. The OFDM symbols are transmitted to a receiving device via each transmitting antenna after undergoing digital-to-analog conversion and frequency uplink conversion. The signal generator can include an IFFT module, a CP inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, and the like.

[0330] 20 shows another example of a signal processing module structure in a transmitting device, where the signal processing can be performed in a processor of the terminal / base station, such as processor 102, 202 in FIG.

[0331] Referring to FIG. 20, a transmitting device (e.g., a processor, a processor and a memory, or a processor and a transceiver) in a terminal or base station may include a scrambler 401, a modulator 402, a layer mapper 403, a precoder 404, a resource block mapper 405, and a signal generator 406.

[0332] For one codeword, the transmitting device can scramble the coded bits in the codeword by the scrambler 401 and then transmit the scrambled bits via a physical channel.

[0333] The scrambled bits are modulated into complex modulation symbols by a modulator 402. The modulator 402 can modulate the scrambled bits according to a predetermined modulation scheme and place them into complex modulation symbols representing positions on a signal constellation. There is no restriction on the modulation scheme, and pi / 2-BPSK (pi / 2-Binary Phase Shift Keying), m-PSK (m-Phase Shift Keying), m-QAM (m-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation), etc. can be used to modulate the encoded data.

[0334] The complex modulation symbols can be mapped to one or more transmission layers by the layer mapper 403 .

[0335] The complex modulation symbols on each layer may be precoded by the precoder 404 for transmission on the antenna port. Here, the precoder may perform precoding after performing transform precoding on the complex modulation symbols. Alternatively, the precoder may perform precoding without performing transform precoding. The precoder 404 processes the complex modulation symbols in a MIMO manner using multiple transmit antennas to output antenna-specific symbols, and distributes the antenna-specific symbols to the corresponding resource block mapper 405. The output z of the precoder 404 may be obtained by multiplying the output y of the layer mapper 403 by a NХM precoding matrix W. Here, N is the number of antenna ports, and M is the number of layers.

[0336] A resource block mapper 405 maps the demodulated modulation symbols for each antenna port to the appropriate resource elements within the allocated virtual resource block for transmission.

[0337] The resource block mapper 405 assigns the complex modulation symbols to appropriate subcarriers so that they can be multiplexed by user.

[0338] The signal generator 406 can generate a complex-valued time domain Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol signal by modulating the complex modulation symbol into a specific modulation scheme, for example, OFDM scheme. The signal generator 406 can perform an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) on an antenna-specific symbol, and can insert a Cyclic Prefix (CP) into the time domain symbol on which the IFFT has been performed. The OFDM symbol is transmitted to a receiving device through each transmitting antenna after undergoing digital-to-analog conversion and frequency uplink conversion. The signal generator 406 can include an IFFT module, a CP inserter, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), a frequency uplink converter, and the like.

[0339] The signal processing process of the receiver can be configured as the reverse of the signal processing process of the transmitter. Specifically, the processor of the receiver performs decoding and demodulation of wireless signals received externally through the antenna port(s) of the transceiver. The receiver can include a plurality of multiple receive antennas, and each of the signals received through the receive antennas is restored to a baseband signal, and then multiplexed and MIMO demodulated to restore the data sequence originally intended to be transmitted by the transmitter. The receiver 1820 can include a signal restorer for restoring the received signal to a baseband signal, a multiplexer for combining and multiplexing the received and processed signals, and a channel demodulator for demodulating the multiplexed signal sequence to a corresponding codeword. The signal restorer, multiplexer, and channel demodulator can be configured as an integrated module performing these functions or as independent modules. More specifically, the signal restorer may include an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for converting an analog signal into a digital signal, a CP remover for removing CP from the digital signal, an FFT module for applying a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to the CP-removed signal to output a frequency domain symbol, and a resource element demapper / equalizer for restoring the frequency domain symbol to an antenna-specific symbol. The antenna-specific symbol is restored to a transmission layer by a multiplexer, and the transmission layer is restored to a codeword intended to be transmitted by a transmitting device by a channel demodulator.

[0340] FIG. 21 illustrates an example of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0341] 21, a wireless communication device, for example, a terminal, may include at least one of a processor 2310 such as a digital signal processor (DSP) or a microprocessor, a transceiver 2335, a power management module 2305, an antenna 2340, a battery 2355, a display 2315, a keypad 2320, a GPS (Global Positioning System) chip 2360, a sensor 2365, a memory 2330, a SIM (Subscriber Identification Module) card 2325, a speaker 2345, and a microphone 2350. There may be a plurality of antennas and processors.

[0342] The processor 2310 may implement the functions, procedures, and methods described herein. The processor 2310 of FIG. 21 is the processor 102, 202 of FIG.

[0343] The memory 2330 is coupled to the processor 2310 and stores information related to the operation of the processor. The memory may be located inside or outside the processor and may be coupled to the processor via various techniques, such as a wired or wireless connection. The memory 2330 of FIG. 21 is the memory 104, 204 of FIG. 18.

[0344] A user may enter various types of information, such as a telephone number, using various techniques, such as pressing buttons on the keypad 2320 or voice activation using the microphone 2350. The processor 2310 may receive and process the user's information to perform the appropriate function, such as calling the entered telephone number. In some scenarios, data may be retrieved from the SIM card 2325 or memory 2330 to perform the appropriate function. In some scenarios, the processor 2310 may display various types of information and data on the display 2315 for the user's convenience.

[0345] The transceiver 2335 is coupled to the processor 2310 and transmits and / or receives wireless signals, such as radio frequency (RF) signals. The processor can initiate communication or control the transceiver to transmit wireless signals containing various types of information or data, such as voice communication data. The transceiver includes a transmitter and a receiver for transmitting and receiving wireless signals. An antenna 2340 can facilitate the transmission and reception of wireless signals. In some embodiments, upon receiving a wireless signal, the transceiver can forward and convert the signal to a baseband frequency for processing by the processor. The processed signal can be processed by various techniques, such as being converted to audible or readable information for output via a speaker 2345. The transceiver of FIG. 33 is the transceiver 106, 206 of FIG. 30.

[0346] Although not shown in Fig. 21, various components such as a camera, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) port, etc. may be additionally included in the terminal. For example, the camera may be connected to the processor 2310.

[0347] Fig. 21 is merely one embodiment of a terminal, and the embodiment is not limited thereto. The terminal does not necessarily include all elements of Fig. 21. That is, some components, such as the keypad 2320, the GPS (Global Positioning System) chip 2360, the sensor 2365, the SIM card 2325, etc., may not be essential elements, and in this case, may not be included in the terminal.

[0348] FIG. 22 illustrates another example of a wireless device.

[0349] Referring to FIG. 22, a wireless device may include at least one processor 102,202, at least one memory 104,204, at least one transceiver 106,206, and one or more antennas 108,208.

[0350] The difference between the example of the wireless device described in Fig. 18 and the example of the wireless device in Fig. 22 is that the processors 102, 202 and the memories 104, 204 are separate in Fig. 18, but the memories 104, 204 are included in the processors 102, 202 in the example of Fig. 22. In other words, the processor and the memory can be configured as a single chipset.

[0351] 23 illustrates another example of a wireless device to which the present disclosure is applied. The wireless device may be embodied in various forms depending on the use case / service.

[0352] 23, the wireless device 100, 200 may correspond to the wireless device of FIG. 18 and may be configured with various elements, components, units, and / or modules. For example, the wireless device 100, 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, and an additional element 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and a transceiver(s) 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include one or more processors 102, 202 and / or one or more memories 104, 204. For example, the transceiver(s) 114 may include one or more transceivers 106, 206 and / or one or more antennas 108, 208 of FIG. 18. The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory unit 130, and the additional element 140 to control various operations of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 can control electrical / mechanical operations of the wireless device based on the programs / codes / instructions / information stored in the memory unit 130. In addition, the control unit 120 can transmit information stored in the memory unit 130 to an outside (e.g., another communication device) via a wireless / wired interface via the communication unit 110, or store information received from an outside (e.g., another communication device) via the communication unit 110 via a wireless / wired interface in the memory unit 130.

[0353] The additional element 140 may be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional element 140 may include at least one of a power unit / battery, an input / output unit (I / O unit), a driving unit, and a computing unit. Without being limited thereto, the wireless device may be embodied in the form of a robot (100a in FIG. 26), a vehicle (100b-1 and 100b-2 in FIG. 26), an XR device (100c in FIG. 26), a mobile device (100d in FIG. 26), a home appliance (100e in FIG. 26), an IoT device (100f in FIG. 26), a digital broadcasting terminal, a hologram device, a public safety device, an MTC device, a medical device, a Fintech device (or a financial device), a security device, a climate / environment device, an AI server / device (400 in FIG. 26), a base station (200 in FIG. 26), a network node, or the like. The wireless device may be mobile or fixed depending on the use case / service.

[0354] In FIG. 23, various elements, components, units / parts, and / or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 may be interconnected entirely through a wired interface, or at least some of them may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110. For example, in the wireless devices 100 and 200, the control unit 120 and the communication unit 110 may be wired and the control unit 120 and the first unit (e.g., 130, 140) may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110. Also, each element, component, unit / part, and / or module in the wireless devices 100 and 200 may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120 may be configured with a set of one or more processors. For example, the control unit 120 may be configured with a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an ECU (Electronic Control Unit), a graphics processor, a memory control processor, etc. As another example, the memory unit 130 may be composed of a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Read Only Memory (ROM), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, and / or a combination thereof.

[0355] FIG. 24 illustrates a communication system 1 to which the present specification is applied.

[0356] Referring to FIG. 24, the communication system 1 applied to this specification includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device means a device that performs communication using a wireless connection technology (e.g., 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)), and is also called a communication / wireless / 5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device may include a robot 100a, a vehicle 100b-1, 100b-2, an XR (eXtended Reality) device 100c, a handheld device (Hand-held device) 100d, a home appliance 100e, an IoT (Internet of Thing) device 100f, and an AI device / server 400. For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication, and the like. Here, the vehicle may include a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) (e.g., a drone). The XR devices include Augmented Reality (AR) / Virtual Reality (VR) / Mixed Reality (MR) devices, and may be embodied in the form of a Head-Mounted Device (HMD), a Head-Up Display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smartphone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, etc. The mobile devices may include a smartphone, a smart pad, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, a smart glasses), a computer (e.g., a notebook, etc.), etc. The home appliances may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, etc. The IoT devices may include a sensor, a smart meter, etc. For example, a base station or a network may be embodied as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device 200a may operate as a base station / network node for other wireless devices.

[0357] The wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to a network 300 via a base station 200. An AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology may be applied to the wireless devices 100a to 100f, and the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to an AI server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. The wireless devices 100a to 100f may communicate with each other via the base station 200 / network 300, but may also communicate directly (e.g., sidelink communication) without going through the base station / network. For example, the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 may communicate directly (e.g., V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle) / V2X (Vehicle to everything) communication). Furthermore, an IoT device (eg, a sensor) can directly communicate with other IoT devices (eg, sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0358] Wireless communications / connections 150a, 150b, and 150c may be established between the wireless devices 100a to 100f and the base station 200, and between the base stations 200 and 200. Here, the wireless communication / connection may be performed via various wireless connection technologies (e.g., 5G NR) such as uplink / downlink communication 150a and sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication) and communication between base stations 150c (e.g., relay, IAB (Integrated Access Backhaul)). Through the wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, 150c, the wireless device and the base station / wireless device, and the base station and the base station may transmit / receive wireless signals to each other. For example, the wireless communication / connection 150a, 150b, 150c may transmit / receive signals via various physical channels. To this end, based on various proposals in the present specification, at least some of various configuration information setting processes for transmitting / receiving wireless signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel encoding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, resource mapping / de-mapping, etc.), resource allocation processes, etc. may be performed.

[0359] Meanwhile, NR supports multiple numerologies (or subcarrier spacing (SCS)) to support various 5G services. For example, a 15 kHz SCS supports wide areas in traditional cellular bands, a 30 kHz / 60 kHz SCS supports dense-urban, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth, and a 60 kHz or higher SCS supports bandwidths larger than 24.25 GHz to overcome phase noise.

[0360] The NR frequency band can be defined as two types of frequency ranges (FR1, FR2). The values ​​of the frequency ranges can be changed, for example, the frequency ranges of the two types (FR1, FR2) are shown in Table 5 below. For convenience of explanation, among the frequency ranges used in the NR system, FR1 can mean "sub 6GHz range" and FR2 can mean "above 6GHz range" and can be called millimeter wave (mmW).

[0361] [Table 5]

[0362] As described above, the values ​​of the frequency range of the NR system may be changed. For example, FR1 may include a band of 410 MHz to 7125 MHz as shown in Table 6 below. That is, FR1 may include a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher. For example, the frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher included in FR1 may include an unlicensed band. The unlicensed band may be used for various purposes, for example, for communication for vehicles (e.g., autonomous driving).

[0363] [Table 6]

[0364] The claims described herein may be combined in various ways, for example, the technical features of the method claims herein may be combined and implemented in an apparatus, the technical features of the apparatus claims herein may be combined and implemented in a method, the technical features of the method claims herein and the technical features of the apparatus claims herein may be combined and implemented in an apparatus, and the technical features of the method claims herein and the technical features of the apparatus claims herein may be combined and implemented in a method.

Claims

1. In a wireless communication system, a network-controlled repeater (NCR) operation method including a network-controlled repeater (NCR)-mobile termination (MT) and an NCR-forwarding (NCR-Fwd) is provided, receiving a control message from a base station via the NCR-MT; performing a forwarding operation via the NCR-Fwd based on the control message; The control message notifies a beam to be applied to a forwarding operation of an access link of the NCR-Fwd and a forwarding resource of a time domain to which the beam is applied; The method, wherein the NCR-Fwd is in an OFF state during time resources that are not the forwarding resources.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the NCR-MT is in a radio resource control (RRC) connected state with the base station.

3. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the control message is a radio resource control (RRC) signal.

4. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the forwarding resource is defined as: i) a starting slot defined by a slot offset; ii) a starting symbol defined by a symbol offset within the slot; and iii) a duration defined by a number of symbols.

5. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the beam is indicated by a beam index included in the control message.

6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the NCR-Fwd is in an ON state for the forwarding resource associated with the beam.

7. 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the NCR-Fwd performs a forwarding operation in an ON state and does not perform a forwarding operation in an OFF state.

8. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the forwarding operation includes at least one of a first forwarding operation of amplifying a first signal received from a terminal and forwarding the signal to the base station, or a second forwarding operation of amplifying a second signal received from the base station and forwarding the signal to the terminal.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when different beam directions conflict with each other for a particular time resource, the priority is given in the following order: aperiodic beam direction, semi-persistent beam direction, and periodic beam direction.

10. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein if the semi-static beam direction or the periodic beam direction has priority information, the semi-static beam direction or the periodic beam direction has a higher priority than the non-periodic beam direction.

11. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the access link is a link between the NCR-Fwd and a terminal.

12. NCR (network-controlled repeater) including NCR-MT (mobile termination) and NCR-Fwd (forwarding), At least one transceiver; At least one memory; at least one processor operatively coupled to the at least one memory and the at least one transceiver, the at least one processor comprising: receiving a control message from a base station via the NCR-MT; performing a forwarding operation via the NCR-Fwd based on the control message; The control message notifies a beam to be applied to a forwarding operation of an access link of the NCR-Fwd and a forwarding resource of a time domain to which the beam is applied; The NCR-Fwd is an NCR that is in an OFF state during time resources other than the forwarding resources.

13. The NCR of claim 12, wherein the NCR-MT is in a radio resource control (RRC) connected state with the base station.

14. The NCR of claim 12, wherein the control message is a radio resource control (RRC) signal.

15. The NCR of claim 12, wherein the forwarding resource is defined as: i) a starting slot defined by a slot offset; ii) a starting symbol defined by a symbol offset within the slot; and iii) a duration defined by a number of symbols.

16. The NCR of claim 12, wherein the beam is indicated by a beam index included in the control message.

17. The NCR of claim 12, wherein the NCR-Fwd is in an ON state for the forwarding resource associated with the beam.

18. The NCR of claim 17, wherein the NCR-Fwd performs a forwarding operation in an ON state and does not perform a forwarding operation in an OFF state.

19. The NCR of claim 12, wherein the forwarding operation includes at least one of a first forwarding operation of amplifying a first signal received from a terminal and forwarding the signal to the base station, or a second forwarding operation of amplifying a second signal received from the base station and forwarding the signal to the terminal.

20. The NCR of claim 12, wherein when different beam directions conflict with each other for a particular time resource, priority is given to aperiodic beam directions, semi-persistent beam directions, and periodic beam directions in that order.

21. The NCR of claim 20, characterized in that if the semi-static beam direction or the periodic beam direction has priority information, the semi-static beam direction or the periodic beam direction has a higher priority than the non-periodic beam direction.

22. The NCR according to claim 12, characterized in that the access link is a link between the NCR-Fwd and a terminal.

23. NCR devices include network-controlled repeater (NCR)-MT (mobile termination) and NCR-Fwd (forwarding). At least one memory; at least one processor operatively coupled to the at least one memory, the at least one processor comprising: receiving a control message from a base station via the NCR-MT; performing a forwarding operation via the NCR-Fwd based on the control message; The control message notifies a beam to be applied to a forwarding operation of an access link of the NCR-Fwd and a forwarding resource of a time domain to which the beam is applied; The device is characterized in that the NCR-Fwd is in an OFF state during time resources other than the forwarding resources.

24. At least one computer readable medium (CRM) including instructions to be executed by at least one processor, Receive a control message from a base station via a network-controlled repeater (NCR)-MT (mobile termination) of an NCR including an NCR-Fwd (Forwarding); performing a forwarding operation via the NCR-Fwd based on the control message; The control message notifies a beam to be applied to a forwarding operation of an access link of the NCR-Fwd and a forwarding resource of a time domain to which the beam is applied; The CRM is characterized in that the NCR-Fwd is in an OFF state during time resources other than the forwarding resources.

25. 1. A method of operating a base station in a wireless communication system, comprising: Sending a control message to a network-controlled repeater (NCR)-MT (mobile termination) of an NCR, including a network-controlled repeater (NCR)-MT and a forwarding (NCR-Fwd); receiving a signal from the NCR-Fwd or transmitting a signal to the NCR-Fwd based on the control message; The control message notifies a beam to be applied to a forwarding operation of an access link of the NCR-Fwd and a forwarding resource of a time domain to which the beam is applied; The method, wherein the base station determines that the NCR-Fwd is in an OFF state in a time resource that is not the forwarding resource.

26. The base station is At least one transceiver; At least one memory; at least one processor operatively coupled to the at least one memory and the transceiver, the at least one processor comprising: Sending a control message to a network-controlled repeater (NCR)-MT (mobile termination) of an NCR, including a network-controlled repeater (NCR)-MT and a forwarding (NCR-Fwd); receiving a signal from the NCR-Fwd or transmitting a signal to the NCR-Fwd based on the control message; The control message notifies a beam to be applied to a forwarding operation of an access link of the NCR-Fwd and a forwarding resource of a time domain to which the beam is applied; The base station is characterized in that it determines that the NCR-Fwd is in an OFF state in a time resource other than the forwarding resource.

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