"Brake-by-wire brake system for motorcycles"

Abstract

A brake system (4) for a motorcycle, comprising: a first brake device (12) operatively connectable to a first wheel of the motorcycle and including a first hydraulic supply circuit (16); a first manually operated hydraulic system (20) including a first hydraulic pressure delivery circuit (28) fluidly connectable to a first hydraulic pressure supply circuit (16) and a first manually operated control device (24); a second braking device (32) operably connectable to the first wheel or a second wheel of the motorcycle and provided with a second hydraulic supply circuit (36) separate from or identical to the first hydraulic supply circuit (16); a second manually operated hydraulic system (40) including a second manually operated control device (44) and a second hydraulic pressure delivery circuit (48) fluidly connectable to the second hydraulic pressure supply circuit (36); an electric or electromagnetic motor means (56) operatively connected to an electric or electromagnetically actuated float (60), the electric or electromagnetic motor means (56) being fluidly connected to an output (64) of an electric actuator (52) connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit (16) and / or the second hydraulic supply circuit (36); the first and second hydraulic delivery circuits (28, 48) are fluidly connected to one another via a valve means (68); The braking system (4) includes a processing and control unit (72) operatively connected to the electric actuator (52) and the valve means (68); The processing and control unit (72) is programmed, during standard operation, to fluidly isolate the first and / or second hydraulic supply circuits (16, 36) from the first and / or second hydraulic delivery circuits (28, 48) when the first manually operated hydraulic system (20) and / or the second manually operated hydraulic system (40) are operated, and simultaneously activate at least the first braking system (12) and / or at least the second braking system (32).

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The invention further relates to a brake-by-wire (BBW) braking system, especially for motorcycles. [Background technology]

[0002] Motorcycles have a brake-by-wire (BBW) type braking system, which means that two separate manual controls, usually a lever on the handlebars and a pedal, can be manually operated to send braking requests to an appropriate control unit.

[0003] Such a braking request is converted into the operation of one or more electric motors acting on friction elements (usually pads, but sometimes shoes) of a braking device equipped on the motorcycle. Under normal driving conditions, the user does not directly command the operation of the braking device, but rather the braking request is transmitted to said electric motors by a control unit.

[0004] In the event of a failure, the system must allow hydraulic back-up to allow the user to at least partially brake the motorcycle by direct action on the manual control.

[0005] Prior art motorcycle solutions do not allow the hydraulic backup to be activated by both controls (lever and brake pedal) in case of failure of the E / E system (ECU, actuators, sensors, etc.) or in case of lack of power supply (battery disconnect) combined with the need for a partially fluid-free brake system operation (at least one fully electromechanical caliper or axle-DRY). Finally, the need is also felt to provide a braking system compatible with electric vehicles (regenerative braking, integration with residual torque reduction). Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, there is a felt need in the art to provide a braking system that can solve the technical problems discussed with reference to the prior art.

[0007] That need is met by a braking system as set forth in claim 1.

[0008] In particular, such a need is a first brake device operatively connectable to a first wheel of the motorcycle and including a first hydraulic supply circuit; a first manually operated control device; and a first hydraulic delivery circuit fluidly connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit; a second brake device operatively connectable to the first wheel or a second wheel of the motorcycle and including a second hydraulic supply circuit that is separate from or identical to the first hydraulic supply circuit; a second manually operated hydraulic system including a second manually operated control device and a second hydraulic delivery circuit fluidly connectable to the second hydraulic supply circuit; an electric actuator comprising electric or electromechanical motor means operatively connected to an electrically or electromechanically operated float fluidly connected to an output of the electric actuator connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit and / or the second hydraulic supply circuit; the first and second hydraulic discharge circuits being fluidly connected to one another via valve means; the braking system comprising a processing and control unit operatively connected to the electrical actuator and to the valve means; The processing and control unit comprises: In normal operation, in the event of actuation of the first manually operated hydraulic device and / or the second manually operated hydraulic device, an electrically or electromagnetically actuated float is converted to fluidly isolate the first and / or second hydraulic supply circuits from the first and / or second hydraulic delivery circuits while simultaneously actuating at least a first brake device and / or at least a second brake device.

[0009] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the processing and control unit is programmed to back up or enable a back-up of the electrically or electromagnetically actuated float in a back-up mode to enable a connection of fluid from the first and / or second hydraulic supply circuits to the first and / or second hydraulic supply circuits and simultaneously actuate at least the first braking device and / or at least the second braking device when at least one of the first and second manually operated hydraulic devices is operated.

[0010] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the valve means comprises a diverter valve having a first inlet port fluidly connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit, a second inlet port fluidly connected to the second hydraulic supply circuit, and a single outlet port between the first and second hydraulic supply circuits and in fluid communication with a hydraulic supply circuit having a higher pressure.

[0011] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the first hydraulic delivery circuit has at least one control valve, which in normal operation connects the first hydraulic delivery circuit to a first hydraulic brake simulator and in backup operation connects the first hydraulic delivery circuit to a first inlet port of the diverter valve; and / or The second hydraulic delivery circuit has at least one control valve that connects the second hydraulic supply circuit to the second hydraulic brake simulator in normal operation and connects the second hydraulic supply circuit to the second inlet port of the diverter valve in backup operation.

[0012] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the first manually operated hydraulic device comprises a first hydraulic fluid tank having a pre-pressure membrane that ensures an overpressure that compensates for the different geodetic heights with respect to the second hydraulic fluid tank of the second manually operated hydraulic device.

[0013] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, said valve means consists of a slide valve controlled by the processing and control unit, in a normal state, the slide valve fluidly separates the first hydraulic delivery circuit, the second hydraulic delivery circuit and the delivery of the electric actuator (the supply of the first and second hydraulic supply circuits) from each other, In the backup mode, the slide valve communicates the first hydraulic delivery circuit with the first hydraulic supply circuit and communicates the second hydraulic delivery circuit with the second hydraulic supply circuit, and the slide valve hydraulically isolates the first hydraulic supply circuit from the second hydraulic supply circuit.

[0014] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the system comprises a main hydraulic fluid tank supplying a first tank of a first manually operated hydraulic device and a second tank of a second manually operated hydraulic device, said main tank being preloaded such that said preload does not generate pressure which leads to actuation of the brake device, said valve means comprising a slide valve selectively connecting and disconnecting the first and second hydraulic delivery circuits to the first and second hydraulic supply circuits, respectively.

[0015] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the system comprises a first hydraulic brake simulator connected to a first hydraulic delivery circuit and a second hydraulic brake simulator connected to a second hydraulic supply circuit, each of said hydraulic brake simulators having a single hydraulic tank, and said valve means 68 comprising a slide valve selectively connecting and disconnecting the first and second delivery circuits to said first and second supply circuits, respectively.

[0016] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the slide valve is preferably divided into four two-way valves, two normally closed and two normally open.

[0017] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the system comprises a single brake fluid reservoir supplying the first and second hydraulic delivery circuits upstream of said valve means, said single reservoir being preloaded under pressure.

[0018] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the first and second hydraulic supply circuits are fluidly connected to two braking devices arranged at the front of the vehicle.

[0019] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the first and second hydraulic supply circuits are correspondingly fluidly connected to a single braking device arranged at the rear of the vehicle.

[0020] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the first and second manually operated hydraulic devices are arranged in series with each other and with the first and second hydraulic supply circuits, each manually operated hydraulic device having a piston with a one-way lip seal at its outlet.

[0021] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the system has a brake fluid tank connected immediately upstream of the electric actuator by a number of in-line one-way valves that allow fluid in the system to leak at atmospheric pressure while preventing reverse flow during actuation of the braking system in both standard and back-up operation.

[0022] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the valve means comprises two normally open hydraulic valves fluidly connecting both of the manually operated hydraulic devices, and two normally closed hydraulic valves enabling pressure transmission between the manually operated hydraulic devices and a hydraulic supply circuit and preventing volume absorption by absorbers connected to the manually operated hydraulic devices during backup.

[0023] According to a possible embodiment of the invention, the braking device comprises a disc brake and / or a drum brake.

[0024] The present invention further relates to a motorcycle equipped with the above-mentioned braking system. [Brief description of the drawings]

[0025] Further features and advantages of the invention will become better understood from the description of preferred embodiments given below as non-limiting examples.

[0026] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a brake system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 2] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a braking system according to a different embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 3] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a braking system according to a different embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a braking system according to a different embodiment of the present invention. [Diagram 5] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a braking system according to a different embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a braking system according to a different embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a braking system according to a different embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a braking system according to a different embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Elements or parts common to the embodiments described below are designated by the same reference numerals. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0028] With reference to the aforementioned figures, the reference numeral 4 indicates as a whole a vehicle braking system, in particular for a motorcycle 8 .

[0029] The braking system 4 for the motorcycle 8 includes a first braking device 12 operatively connectable to a first wheel (not shown) of the motorcycle 8 and including a first hydraulic supply circuit 16. Typically, the first braking device 12 may comprise a disc brake or a drum brake.

[0030] The braking system 4 comprises a first manually operated hydraulic device 20 having a first manually operated control 24 , such as a lever or pedal, and a first hydraulic delivery circuit 28 fluidly connectable to the first hydraulic supply circuit 16 .

[0031] The braking system 4 further includes a second braking device 32 operatively connectable to the first wheel or a second wheel (not shown) of the motorcycle 8 and provided with a second hydraulic supply circuit 36 ​​separate or identical to the first hydraulic supply circuit 16.

[0032] Typically, the second braking device 12 may consist of disc brakes or drum brakes. The second hydraulic supply circuit 36 ​​may be physically separate from the first hydraulic supply circuit 16, but may also merge with and be coincident with the first hydraulic supply circuit 16.

[0033] Brake system 8 includes a second manually operated hydraulic device 40 , a second manually operated control device 44 , typically a lever or pedal, and a second hydraulic delivery circuit 48 fluidly connectable to second hydraulic supply circuit 36 ​​.

[0034] The brake system 8 further comprises an electric actuator 52 having an electric or electromagnetic motor means 56, operatively connected to an electrically or electromagnetically operated float 60 and fluidly connected to a delivery portion 64 of the electric actuator 52 which is fluidly connected to the first hydraulic supply circuit 16 and / or the second hydraulic supply circuit 36.

[0035] Generally, the outlet 64 is a hydraulic fluid conduit that fluidly merges with the first hydraulic supply circuit 16 and / or the second hydraulic supply circuit 36 ​​.

[0036] Advantageously, the first and second hydraulic delivery circuits 28, 48 are fluidly connected to one another through the intermediation of a valve means 68, which will be described in more detail below.

[0037] The brake system 8 includes a processing and control unit 72 operatively connected to said electric actuator 52 and said valve means 68 and programmed to, in a standard mode, when the first manually operated hydraulic device 20 and / or the second manually operated hydraulic device 40 (whereby a user requests the system 8 to apply a brake action) are actuated, move the electrically or electromagnetically actuated float 60 to fluidly isolate the first and / or second hydraulic supply circuits 16, 36 from the first and / or second hydraulic delivery circuits 28, 48, and simultaneously actuate at least the first brake device 12 and / or at least the second brake device 32.

[0038] According to an embodiment, the processing and control unit 72 backs up or enables backup of the electrically or electromagnetically actuated float 60 in a backup mode to enable fluid connection between the first and / or second hydraulic supply circuits 16, 36 and the first and / or second hydraulic delivery circuits 28, 48 while simultaneously actuating at least the first braking device 12 and / or at least the second braking device 32 when at least one of the first and second manually operated hydraulic devices 20, 40 is actuated.

[0039] According to a possible embodiment (FIGS. 1-2), the valve means 68 comprises a first inlet port 80 fluidly connected to the first hydraulic delivery circuit 28, a second inlet port 82 fluidly connected to the second hydraulic delivery circuit 48, and a single outlet port 84 in fluid communication with the hydraulic supply circuit between the first and second hydraulic delivery circuits 28, 48, which has a higher pressure.

[0040] Thus, it is possible to apply the brakes using both the manual lever or pedal controls, and the control that provides the most pressure, i.e. the control (either pedal or lever) over which the user applies the most pressure, will have priority in terms of actuation pressure.

[0041] According to possible embodiments of the present invention (FIGS. 1-2), the first hydraulic delivery circuit 28 comprises at least one control valve 88 of NO (normally open) or NC (normally closed) type, which in the standard mode connects the first hydraulic delivery circuit 28 to a first hydraulic brake simulator 92 and in the backup mode connects the first hydraulic delivery circuit 28 to a first inlet port 80 of the diverter valve 76, and / or the second hydraulic delivery circuit 48 comprises at least one control valve 88 (NO or NC type), which in the standard mode connects the second hydraulic delivery circuit 48 to a second hydraulic brake simulator 96 and in the backup mode connects the second hydraulic delivery circuit 48 to a second inlet port 82 of the diverter valve 76.

[0042] According to a possible embodiment (FIGS. 1 and 2), the first manual operating device 20 is provided with a first hydraulic fluid tank 100 with a preloaded membrane, which ensures an overpressure to compensate for the different geodetic heights with respect to the second hydraulic fluid tank 104 of the second manual operating device 40. The problem of the tank running empty, which is usually located higher on a motorcycle, is thus solved. This tank is connected to a handlebar lever which is located higher than the tank connected to the pedals.

[0043] According to a possible embodiment (FIGS. 3-4), the valve means 68 includes a slide valve 108 controlled by the processing and control unit 72, which, under standard operating conditions, fluidly isolates the first hydraulic delivery circuit 28, the second hydraulic delivery circuit 48 and the delivery portion 64 of the electric actuator 52 from one another, said delivery portion 64 supplying the first and second hydraulic supply circuits 16, 36 to the first hydraulic supply circuit 16, 36.

[0044] Additionally, in the backup mode, the slide valve 108 connects the first hydraulic delivery circuit 28 to the first hydraulic supply circuit 16 (e.g., controlling a first caliper mounted on the front wheel of the motorcycle) and connects the second hydraulic delivery circuit 48 to the second hydraulic supply circuit 36 ​​(e.g., controlling a second caliper mounted on the same front wheel of the motorcycle), with the slide valve 108 hydraulically isolating the first hydraulic supply circuits 16, 36. This hydraulic isolation allows the two rider manual control hydraulic circuits to be independent of each other, preventing the action of one from biasing the characteristics of the other.

[0045] According to a possible embodiment (FIG. 3), the braking system 4 comprises a main hydraulic fluid tank 112, which supplies the first tank 100 of the first manually operated hydraulic device 20 and the second tank 104 of the second manually operated hydraulic device 40 and is preloaded. The first and second tanks 100, 104 cannot be emptied due to their respective geodesic differences. Preferably, said preload, obtained for example by a membrane biased by a spring 113, is such that it does not generate pressures that lead to the actuation of the braking devices 12, 32. Preferably, said valve means 68 is constituted by a slide valve 108 selectively connecting or disconnecting the first and second hydraulic delivery circuits 28, 48 to the first and second hydraulic supply circuits 16, 36, respectively.

[0046] According to a possible embodiment (FIG. 4), the brake system 4 comprises a first hydraulic brake simulator 92 connected to the first hydraulic delivery circuit 28 and a second hydraulic brake simulator 96 connected to the second hydraulic delivery circuit 48, each of said hydraulic brake simulators 92, 96 comprising a single hydraulic tank. Preferably, the valve means 68 comprises a slide valve 108 selectively connecting or disconnecting the first and second hydraulic delivery circuits 28, 48 to the first and second supply circuits 16, 36, respectively. This ensures that the free liquid level is located above everything else in the hydraulic circuit, and no preload is required to avoid emptying between the different tanks. Moreover, in this configuration, no non-return valve is required, since the tank is located upstream of all the pumps.

[0047] According to a possible embodiment (FIG. 5), said slide valve 108 is divided into four two-way valves 116, preferably two normally closed (NC) and two normally open (NO) valves.

[0048] According to a possible embodiment (FIG. 6), the system 4 includes a single brake fluid tank 112 supplying the first and second hydraulic delivery circuits 28, 48, said tank being located upstream of said valve means 68, said single tank 112 being pre-pressurized under pressure (to ensure full filling of the manual control, whether lever or pedal, as a result of thermal expansion and pad wear, in both standard and back-up modes).

[0049] The lack of a separate tank for each manually operated hydraulic unit 20, 40 allows two functions: in backup mode it allows pressure generation, for example by pedal, and also allows pressurization of the manual lever controls at rest, which would not be possible if the tanks were at ambient pressure. Furthermore, the manually operated controls, especially the brake levers, are particularly aesthetically minimalist, making the style of these components particularly innovative and unique.

[0050] For example (FIG. 6), first and second hydraulic supply circuits 16, 36 are fluidly connected to two braking devices 12, 32 located at the front of the vehicle.

[0051] An embodiment (FIG. 7) is also possible in which the first and second hydraulic supply circuits are coincident and fluidly connected to a single braking device located on the rear wheel of the motorcycle.

[0052] According to a further possible embodiment (FIG. 8), said first and second manually operated hydraulic devices 20, 40 are arranged in series with each other and with the first and second hydraulic supply circuits 16, 36. Each manually operated hydraulic device 20, 40 is composed of a piston with a one-way lip seal (not shown) at the outlet of the device. This makes it possible to control a single caliper with both manually operated control devices 24, 44.

[0053] For example, the brake system 4 includes a brake fluid reservoir connected immediately upstream of the electric actuator by a number of one-way valves 120 that allow escape of fluid within the system under atmospheric pressure while preventing reverse flow during actuation of the brake equipment in both standard and backup operation.

[0054] According to a possible embodiment (FIG. 8), said valve means 68 comprises two normally open hydraulic valves 69 and two normally closed hydraulic valves 70 in fluid communication with both manually operated hydraulic devices 20, 40, allowing pressure transmission between the manually operated hydraulic devices 20, 40 and the hydraulic supply circuits 16, 36 and preventing volume absorption by absorbers 92, 96 connected to the manually operated hydraulic devices in backup.

[0055] As can be seen from the above description, the present invention makes it possible to overcome the drawbacks presented in the prior art.

[0056] In particular, the brake system according to the invention allows for activation of a hydraulic backup by both controls (lever and brake pedal) in combination with a partially fluid-depleted brake system operation (at least one caliper or a complete electromechanical axle - DRY) in the event of a failure of the E / E system (ECU, actuators, sensors, etc.) or in the event of a failure of the actuators, sensors, etc.) or in the event of a lack of power supply (battery disconnection).

[0057] Finally, the present invention makes it possible to provide a braking system (regenerative braking, combined with residual torque reduction) that is compatible with electric vehicles.

[0058] To accommodate fortuitous and specific needs, those skilled in the art may make several modifications and variations to the above-described brake system and motorcycle, all of which are encompassed herein as mechanical and / or functional equivalents.

[0059] The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the following claims.

Claims

1. A braking system (4) for a motorcycle, comprising: a first brake device (12) operatively connectable to a first wheel of the motorcycle and including a first hydraulic supply circuit (16); a first manually operated hydraulic system (20) including a first hydraulic delivery circuit (28) fluidly connectable to the first hydraulic supply circuit (16) and a first manually operated control device (24); a second brake device (32) operably connectable to the first wheel or a second wheel of the motorcycle and comprising a second hydraulic supply circuit (36) separate or identical to the first hydraulic supply circuit (16); a second manually operated hydraulic system (40) including a second manually operated control device (44) and a second hydraulic delivery circuit (48) fluidly connectable to the second hydraulic supply circuit (36); an electric or electromagnetic motor means (56) operatively connected to an electric or electromagnetically operated float (60), said electric or electromagnetic motor means (56) being fluidly connected to an output (64) of an electric actuator (52) connected to said first hydraulic supply circuit (16) and / or said second hydraulic supply circuit (36); the first and second hydraulic delivery circuits (28, 48) being fluidly connected to one another via a valve means (68); said braking system (4) comprising a processing and control unit (72) operatively connected to said electric actuator (52) and to said valve means (68); The processing and control unit (72) is programmed, in standard operation, to fluidly isolate the first and / or second hydraulic supply circuits (16, 36) from the first and / or second hydraulic delivery circuits (28, 48) when the first manually operated hydraulic device (20) and / or the second manually operated hydraulic device (40) are operated, and simultaneously activate at least a first braking device (12) and / or at least a second braking device (32), of a braking system (4).

2. 2. The braking system (4) of claim 1, wherein the processing and control unit (72) is programmed to, in a backup mode, back up or enable back up of the electrically or electromagnetically actuated float (60), enable fluid connection between the first and / or second hydraulic supply circuits (16, 36) and the first and / or second hydraulic delivery circuits (28, 48), and simultaneously operate at least a first braking device (12) and / or at least a second braking device (32) when at least one of the at least first and second manually operated hydraulic devices (20, 40) is manually actuated.

3. The valve means (68) includes a flow diverter valve (76); The flow dividing valve (76) a first inlet port (80) fluidly connected to the first hydraulic delivery circuit (48); a second inlet port (82) fluidly connected to the second hydraulic delivery circuit (48); 2. The brake system (4) of claim 1, further comprising a single outlet port (84) in fluid communication with a hydraulic delivery circuit having a higher pressure between said first hydraulic delivery circuit (28) and said second hydraulic delivery circuit (48).

4. The first hydraulic delivery circuit (28) includes at least one control valve (88); the control valve (88) comprising at least one control valve (88) that connects the first hydraulic delivery circuit (28) to a first hydraulic brake simulator (92) in a standard mode and connects the first hydraulic delivery circuit (28) to the first inlet port (80) of the flow diverter valve (76) in a backup mode; and / or 4. The brake system (4) of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the second hydraulic delivery circuit (48) includes at least one control valve (88) that connects the second hydraulic delivery circuit (48) to a second hydraulic brake simulator (96) in a standard mode and connects the second hydraulic delivery circuit (48) to the second inlet port (82) of a diverter valve (76) in a backup mode.

5. The brake system (4) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first manually operated hydraulic device (20) comprises a first hydraulic fluid tank (100) having a preload membrane that compensates for geodesically different overpressures relative to a second hydraulic fluid tank (104) of the second manually operated hydraulic device (40).

6. said valve means (68) including a slide valve (108) controlled by said processing and control unit (72); In the standard mode, the slide valve (108) fluidly isolates the first hydraulic delivery circuit (28), the second hydraulic delivery circuit (48), and a delivery portion (64) of an electric actuator (52) from one another, the delivery portion (64) feeding the first and second hydraulic supply circuits (16, 36); 3. The brake system (4) of claim 1 or 2, wherein in the backup mode, the slide valve (76) connects the first hydraulic delivery circuit (28) to the first hydraulic supply circuit (16) and connects the second hydraulic delivery circuit (48) to the second hydraulic supply circuit (36), and the slide valve (76) hydraulically isolates the first hydraulic supply circuit (16) and the second hydraulic supply circuit (36).

7. The brake system (4) includes a main hydraulic fluid tank (112) supplying a first tank (100) of the first manually operated hydraulic device (20) and a second tank (104) of the second manually operated hydraulic device (40); the main hydraulic fluid tank (112) is pre-pressurized; said preload is such that it does not generate pressures that determine the operation of said first and second brake devices (12, 32); 7. The brake system (4) of claim 6, wherein the valve means (68) comprises a slide valve (76) selectively connecting or disconnecting the first and second hydraulic supply circuits (16, 36) and the first and second hydraulic delivery circuits (28, 48), respectively.

8. the brake system (4) includes a first hydraulic brake simulator (92) connected to the first hydraulic delivery circuit (28) and a second hydraulic brake simulator (96) connected to the second hydraulic delivery circuit (48); Each of the hydraulic brake simulators (92, 96) includes a single hydraulic tank (100, 104); 7. The braking system (4) of claim 6, wherein the valve means (68) comprises a slide valve (76) selectively connecting or disconnecting the first and second hydraulic delivery circuits (28, 48) to the first and second hydraulic supply circuits (16, 36), respectively.

9. 9. A braking system (4) according to claim 6, 7 or 8, wherein the slide valve (76) is preferably divided into four two-way valves (116), including two normally closed and two normally open valves.

10. the brake system (4) comprising a single brake fluid tank (112) supplying the first and second hydraulic delivery circuits (28, 48); said tank (112) being upstream of said valve means (68); The braking system (4) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tank (112) is preloaded under pressure.

11. 11. The braking system (4) of claim 10, wherein the first and second hydraulic supply circuits (16, 36) are fluidly connected to two brake devices (12, 32) located at the front of the vehicle.

12. 3. A braking system (4) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the first and second hydraulic supply circuits (16, 36) are coincident and fluidly connected to a single brake device at the rear of the vehicle.

13. the first and second manually operated hydraulic devices (20, 40) are arranged in series in the first and second hydraulic supply circuits (16, 36); The first and second manually operated hydraulic devices (20, 40) each have a piston exiting the manually operated hydraulic device; The piston is provided with a one-way lip seal. A braking system (4) according to claim 1 or 2.

14. The braking system (4) comprises a plurality of one-way valves (120) in series; 14. The braking system (4) of claim 13, wherein the one-way valve (120) allows leakage of fluid into the braking system (4) at atmospheric pressure in the standard mode and in the backup mode while simultaneously preventing the passage of fluid in the reverse direction during operation of the braking equipment (12, 32).

15. the valve means (68) comprising two normally open hydraulic valves (69) and two normally closed hydraulic valves (70) fluidly connecting both the first and second manually operated hydraulic devices (20, 40); 15. A brake system (4) according to claim 13 or 14, which enables pressure transmission between the first and second manually operated hydraulic devices (20, 40) and the hydraulic supply circuit (16, 36) and prevents volume absorption by an absorber (92, 96) connected to the manually operated hydraulic devices in the backup mode.

16. 16. The braking system (4) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the braking devices (12, 32) comprise disc brakes and / or drum brakes.

17. A two-wheeled vehicle (8) comprising a brake system (4) according to any one of claims 1 to 16.

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