Autonomous Sensing Resource Allocation in the ISAC System

Abstract

Aspects presented in this specification relate to methods and devices for wireless communication, including an apparatus, e.g., a UE or a base station. The apparatus can monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. The apparatus can also select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. Further, the apparatus can transmit a control channel message for a second wireless device and receive a sensing signal, where the control channel message is transmitted via at least one available control channel resource and the sensing signal is received via at least one available sensing signal resource.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure generally relates to communication systems, and more specifically to handover awareness in wireless communication systems.

[0002] Introduction Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcast. A typical wireless communication system can employ a multiple access technology that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, and time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems.

[0003] These multi-connectivity techniques have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate at the urban, national, regional, and even global levels. An exemplary telecommunications standard is 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of the continuous mobile broadband evolution published by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP™) to meet new requirements related to latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., for the Internet of Things (IoT)), and other requirements. 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communications (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC). Some aspects of 5G NR may be based on the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard. Further improvements are needed in 5G NR technology. These improvements may also be applicable to other multi-connectivity techniques and the telecommunications standards that employ these techniques.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0004] In the following, a simplified overview of such aspects is presented to provide a basic understanding of one or more aspects. This overview is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects. This overview neither identifies the main or critical elements of all aspects nor defines the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as an introduction to the more detailed description that follows.

[0005] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may be for wireless communication in a first wireless device. The apparatus can receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The apparatus can also receive an indication of use of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of use of the set of sensing signal resources. Further, the apparatus can monitor a set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. The apparatus can also select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. The apparatus can also decode one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources after at least one available control channel resource is selected. Further, the apparatus can transmit a control channel message for a second wireless device and can transmit and receive sensing signals, the control channel message being transmitted via at least one available control channel resource and the sensing signals being transmitted and received via at least one available sensing signal resource.

[0006] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may be for wireless communication in a first wireless device. The apparatus can receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of monitored control channel resources is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The apparatus can also receive an indication of use of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of monitored control channel resources is associated with the indication of use of the set of sensing signal resources. Further, the apparatus can send a request to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. The apparatus can also receive a first message from a second wireless device, the first message being associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources, and the set of sensing signal resources is associated with the set of control channel resources. The apparatus can also select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. Further, the apparatus can receive an indication of sensing resource contention from the second wireless device. The apparatus can also send at least one of a control channel message via at least one available control channel resource or a sensing signal via at least one available sensing signal resource.

[0007] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may be for wireless communication in a first wireless device. The apparatus can receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of monitored control channel resources is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The apparatus can also receive an indication of use of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of monitored control channel resources is associated with the indication of use of the set of sensing signal resources. Further, the apparatus can receive a request to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. The apparatus can also monitor a set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. The apparatus can also select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. Further, after at least one available control channel resource is selected, the apparatus can decode one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources. The apparatus can also transmit a first message to a second wireless device, and the first message is associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources.

[0008] To achieve the above object and related objects, one or more aspects include the features that are fully described below and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and drawings detail specific exemplary features of one or more aspects. However, these features are only a small part of the various ways in which the principles of the various aspects can be employed.

Brief Description of the Drawings

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Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0010] One potential problem with using a communication network for resource allocation is the on-demand sensing signal resource allocation between different cells. In some aspects, sensing nodes in an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system can be allocated dedicated and interference-free sensing resources for transmitting and receiving on-demand dynamic and periodic broadband sensing signals (e.g., when a target object is discovered or detected). For example, a broadband sensing signal may be required to improve delay estimation accuracy, and a periodic sensing signal may be required to estimate the Doppler frequency. Therefore, static allocation using different sensing signal resources for each cell / base station can consume a large amount of wireless resources. In some cases, the central sensing server may not be aware of real-time interference between nodes (e.g., base stations or UEs) within the cellular network, and thus, central allocation of on-demand dynamic sensing resources by the sensing server can lead to inter-cell / inter-node interference. Therefore, sensing resource allocation can rely on the autonomous mode of the base station, which can have two main use cases, namely, monostatic sensing and bistatic sensing. The autonomous mode of sensing signal resource allocation can have the benefit of high flexibility / adaptability for different network deployments. As shown above, sensing signal resource allocation can include two main use cases, namely, monostatic sensing and bistatic sensing. In monostatic sensing in a cellular ISAC system, two base stations (e.g., base station 1 and base station 2) can perform monostatic sensing on one unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). A part of the sensing signal transmitted by base station 2 can be reflected by the UAV towards base station 1. If base station 1 uses the same wireless resources as base station 2 for sensing, base station 1 may be subject to interference from the sensing signal from base station 2.In bistatic sensing in a cellular ISAC system, two base stations (e.g., base station 1 and base station 2) can perform bistatic sensing of one UAV. Another base station (e.g., base station 3) may perform monostatic sensing of another UAV. A part of the sensing signal transmitted by base station 3 can be reflected by the UAV towards base station 2. If base station 1 uses the same radio resources as base station 3 for sensing, base station 2 may be subject to interference from the sensing signal from base station 3. Aspects of the present disclosure can provide dynamic sensing signal resource allocation to wireless devices (e.g., base stations and UEs). In some cases, the aspects presented herein can enable an ISAC system to allocate on-demand dynamic sensing signal resources to base stations and UEs. Aspects of the present disclosure can also reduce or eliminate the amount of inter-cell interference in dynamic sensing signal resource allocation. Additionally, aspects of the present disclosure can enable dynamic sensing signal resource allocation to be highly adaptable to different cellular deployments. For example, aspects of the present disclosure can utilize monostatic sensing to dynamically or autonomously allocate sensing signal resources to wireless devices (e.g., base stations and UEs). Further, the aspects presented herein can utilize bistatic sensing to dynamically or autonomously allocate sensing signal resources to wireless devices.

[0011] The "Detailed Description" described below in connection with the accompanying drawings describes various configurations and is not intended to represent the only configuration capable of practicing the concepts described herein. The "Detailed Description" includes specific details aimed at providing a thorough understanding of the various concepts. However, these concepts can be practiced without these specific details. In some cases, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring such concepts.

[0012] Some aspects of a telecommunications system are presented with reference to various apparatuses and methods. These apparatuses and methods are described in the following "Modes for Carrying Out the Invention" and are shown in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements can be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or as software depends on the specific application example and the design constraints imposed on the entire system.

[0013] As an example, an element, or any part of an element, or any combination of elements can be implemented as a "processing system" that includes one or more processors. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs), central processing units (CPUs), application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems on a chip (SoCs), baseband processors, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gate logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functions described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors within the processing system can execute software. Software is to be broadly construed to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, or any combination thereof, regardless of whether it is referred to by the names software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other names.

[0014] Accordingly, in one or more exemplary aspects, implementations, and / or use cases, the functions described can be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, the functions can be stored or encoded on a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. A computer-readable medium includes a computer storage medium. The storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer. By way of example, such a computer-readable medium can comprise random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of the types of computer-readable media, or any other medium that can be used to store computer-executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.

[0015] In this application, aspects, implementations, and / or use cases are described by way of illustration for several embodiments, but additional or different aspects, implementations, and / or use cases can occur in many different configurations and scenarios. The aspects, implementations, and / or use cases described herein can be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and packaging configurations. For example, aspects, implementations, and / or use cases can occur via an integrated chip implementation and other non-module component-based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchase devices, medical devices, artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled devices, etc.). Some embodiments may or may not specifically target a use case or application example, but a wide combination of applicability of the described embodiments can occur. Aspects, implementations, and / or use cases can range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations, and even to integrated, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems that incorporate one or more of the technologies herein. In some practical settings, devices incorporating the described aspects and features may also include additional components and features for the implementation and practice of the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily includes many components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, RF chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors (singular or plural), interleavers, adders / analog adders, etc.). The technologies described herein can be practiced in a wide variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed configurations, integrated or non-integrated components, end-user devices, etc. of various sizes, shapes, and configurations.

[0016] The deployment of communication systems such as 5G NR systems can be configured in multiple ways using various components or constituent parts. In a 5G NR system, or network, network devices such as network nodes, network entities, network mobility elements, radio access network (RAN) nodes, core network nodes, network elements, or base stations (BS), or one or more units (or one or more components) that implement base station functions can be implemented in an integrated architecture or a split architecture. For example, a BS (such as Node B (NB), evolved NB (eNB), NR BS, 5G NB, access point (AP), transmit receive point (TRP), or cell) can be implemented as an integrated base station (also known as a stand-alone BS or a monolithic BS) or a split base station.

[0017] An integrated base station can be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. A split base station can be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more units (such as one or more central units or centralized units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs)). In some aspects, the CU can be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs can be collocated with the CU or alternatively can be geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other RAN nodes. The DU can be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU can be implemented as a virtual unit, i.e., a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU).

[0018] The base station operation or network design may consider the aggregation characteristics of the base station functions. For example, a split base station may be used in an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O-RAN, such as a network configuration supported by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)). The split type may include dispersing functions across two or more units at various physical locations and virtually dispersing the functions of at least one unit, which may enable flexibility in network design. The various units of the split base station, or the split RAN architecture, can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit.

[0019] FIG. 1 is a diagram 100 showing an example of a wireless communication system and an access network. The illustrated wireless communication system includes a distributed base station architecture. The non - centralized base station architecture can communicate directly with the core network 120 via a backhaul link, or can communicate indirectly with the core network 120 through one or more non - centralized base station units (such as a near - real - time (near - RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 125 via an E2 link, or a non - real - time (non - RT) RIC 115 associated with a service management and orchestration (SMO) framework 105, or both), and can include one or more CU110. The CU110 can communicate with one or more DU130 via respective mid - haul links such as an F1 interface. The DU130 can communicate with one or more RU140 via respective front - haul links. The RU140 can communicate with respective UEs 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, the UE104 can be served simultaneously by multiple RU140.

[0020] Each of the units, namely, CU110, DU130, RU140, and the quasi-RT RIC125, non-RT RIC115, and SMO framework 105, includes or can be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to the communication interface of the unit, can be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium. For example, a unit can include a wired interface configured to receive or transmit signals to one or more of the other units via a wired transmission medium. Additionally, a unit can include a wireless interface that can include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver), and the wireless interface is configured to receive or transmit signals, or both, to one or more of the other units via a wireless transmission medium.

[0021] In some aspects, CU110 may host one or more upper layer control functions. Such control functions may include radio resource control (RRC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by CU110. CU110 may be configured to process user plane functions (i.e., central unit - user plane (CU - UP)), control plane functions (i.e., central unit - control plane (CU - CP)), or a combination thereof. In some implementations, CU110 may be logically divided into one or more CU - UP units and one or more CU - CP units. The CU - UP units can communicate bidirectionally with the CU - CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface when implemented in an O - RAN configuration. CU110 may be implemented to communicate with DU130 as needed for network control and signaling.

[0022] DU130 may correspond to a logical unit including one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RU140. In some aspects, DU130 may host one or more of the radio link control (RLC) layer, media access control (MAC) layer, and one or more upper physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation, demodulation, etc.) at least partially according to function splitting defined by 3GPP. In some aspects, DU130 may further host one or more lower PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by DU130 or with control functions hosted by CU110.

[0023] The lower layer function can be implemented by one or more RU140s. In some deployments, the RU140s controlled by the DU130 may correspond to logical nodes that host the RF processing function, or the low PHY layer function (such as performing fast Fourier transform (FFT), inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc.), or both, at least partially based on function splitting such as lower layer function splitting. In such an architecture, the RU(s) 140 can be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 104. In some implementations, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU(s) 140 can be controlled by the corresponding DU130. In some scenarios, this configuration can enable the DU(s) 130 and the CU110 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture such as a vRAN architecture.

[0024] The SMO framework 105 can be configured to support the RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized network elements and virtualized network elements. In the case of non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 105 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements that can be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as an O1 interface). In the case of virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 105 can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-cloud) 190) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an O2 interface). Such virtualized network elements can include, but are not limited to, a CU 110, a DU 130, an RU 140, and a non-RT RIC 125. In some implementations, the SMO framework 105 can communicate with hardware aspects of a 4G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 111, via an O1 interface. Further, in some implementations, the SMO framework 105 can communicate directly with one or more RUs 140 via an O1 interface. The SMO framework 105 may also include a non-RT RIC 115 configured to support the functions of the SMO framework 105.

[0025] The non-RT RIC 115 may be configured to include a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, an artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) (AI / ML) workflow including model training and updating, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the quasi-RT RIC 125. The non-RT RIC 115 may be coupled to the quasi-RT RIC 125 or communicate with the quasi-RT RIC 125 (such as via an A1 interface). The quasi-RT RIC 125 may be configured to include a logical function that enables quasi-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions through an interface connecting one or more CU 110, one or more DU 130, or both, and the O-eNB to the quasi-RT RIC 125 (such as via an E2 interface).

[0026] In some implementations, the non-RT RIC 115 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server to generate an AI / ML model deployed in the quasi-RT RIC 125. Such information may be utilized by the quasi-RT RIC 125 and may be received from a non-network data source or from a network function in the SMO framework 105 or the non-RT RIC 115. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 115 or the quasi-RT RIC 125 may be configured to adjust RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 115 may monitor long-term trends and patterns regarding performance and employ an AI / ML model to execute corrective measures through the SMO framework 105 (such as via reconfiguration through O1) or via creation of a RAN management policy (such as an A1 policy).

[0027] At least one of CU110, DU130, and RU140 may be referred to as base station 102. Thus, base station 102 may include one or more of CU110, DU130, and RU140 (each component is shown by a dotted line to indicate that each component may or may not be included in base station 102). Base station 102 provides an access point to core network 120 for UE104. Base station 102 may include a macro cell (high-power cellular base station) and / or a small cell (low-power cellular base station). Small cells include femto cells, pico cells, and micro cells. A network including both small cells and macro cells may be known as a heterogeneous network. The heterogeneous network may also include home evolved Node Bs (HeNBs) that are capable of providing services to a restricted group known as a closed subscriber group (CSG). The communication link between RU140 and UE104 may include an uplink (UL) (also called a reverse link) transmission from UE104 to RU140 and / or a downlink (DL) (also called a forward link) transmission from RU140 to UE104. The communication link may use multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link may be through one or more carriers. Base station 102 / UE104 can use a spectrum with a bandwidth of up to Y MHz per carrier (e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20, 100, 400 MHz, etc.) allocated in carrier aggregation of up to Yx MHz (x component carriers) used for transmission in each direction. Those carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. The carrier allocation may be asymmetric for DL and UL (e.g., for DL, more or fewer carriers may be allocated than for UL). The component carriers may include a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers.The primary component carrier may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell), and the secondary component carrier may be called a secondary cell (SCell).

[0028] A particular UE104 may communicate with each other using a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 158. The D2D communication link 158 may use the DL / UL wireless wide area network (WWAN) spectrum. The D2D communication link 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as a physical sidelink broadcast channel (PSBCH), a physical sidelink discovery channel (PSDCH), a physical sidelink shared channel (PSSCH), and a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH). D2D communication may be via various wireless D2D communication systems, such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standard, LTE, or NR.

[0029] The wireless communication system may further include a Wi-Fi AP150 that communicates with the UE104 (also called Wi-Fi stations (STAs)) via a communication link 154, for example, in the 5 GHz unlicensed frequency spectrum. When communicating in the unlicensed frequency spectrum, the UE104 / AP150 may perform a clear channel assessment (CCA) before communicating to determine whether the channel is available.

[0030] The electromagnetic spectrum is often divided into various classes, bands, channels, etc. based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands are identified as the frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz to 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz). A portion of FR1 is higher than 6 GHz, but FR1 is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "sub-6 GHz" band in various documents and papers. Similar nomenclature issues can arise with respect to FR2, which, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz to 300 GHz) identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as the "millimeter wave" band, is often (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" band in documents and papers.

[0031] Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR research has identified operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as the frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz to 24.25 GHz). The frequency bands contained within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus, in effect, extend the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to the mid-band frequencies. Additionally, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as the frequency range designations FR2-2 (52.6 GHz to 71 GHz), FR4 (71 GHz to 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz to 300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands is contained within the EHF band.

[0032] With the above aspects in mind, unless otherwise specified, as used herein, terms such as "sub-6 GHz" can broadly represent frequencies that can be less than 6 GHz, can be within FR1, or can include intermediate band frequencies. Further, unless otherwise specified, as used herein, terms such as "millimeter wave" can broadly represent frequencies that can include intermediate band frequencies, can be within FR2, FR4, FR2-2, and / or FR5, or can be within the EHF band.

[0033] Base station 102 and UE 104 can each include a plurality of antennas, such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays, to facilitate beamforming. Base station 102 can transmit the beamformed signal 182 to UE 104 in one or more transmission directions. UE 104 can receive the beamformed signal from base station 102 in one or more reception directions. UE 104 can also transmit the beamformed signal 184 to base station 102 in one or more transmission directions. Base station 102 can receive the beamformed signal from UE 104 in one or more reception directions. Base station 102 / UE 104 can perform beam training to determine the best reception and transmission directions for each of base station 102 / UE 104. The transmission direction and the reception direction for base station 102 may or may not be the same. The transmission direction and the reception direction for UE 104 may or may not be the same.

[0034] The base station 102 may include, and / or may be referred to as, a gNB, NodeB, eNB, access point, transceiver base station, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver function, basic service set (BSS), extended service set (ESS), transmission and reception point (TRP), network node, network entity, network device, or some other suitable term. The base station 102 can be implemented as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, relay node, sidelink node, a centralized (monolithic) base station having a baseband unit (BBU) (including CU and DU) and RU, or as a distributed base station including one or more of CU, DU, and / or RU. A set of base stations that may include distributed base stations and / or centralized base stations may be referred to as a next generation (NG) RAN (NG-RAN).

[0035] The core network 120 can include an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 161, a Session Management Function (SMF) 162, a User Plane Function (UPF) 163, a Unified Data Management (UDM) 164, one or more location servers 168, and other functional entities. The AMF 161 is a control node that processes signaling between the UE 104 and the core network 120. The AMF 161 supports registration management, connection management, mobility management, and other functions. The SMF 162 supports session management and other functions. The UPF 163 supports packet routing, packet forwarding, and other functions. The UDM 164 supports the generation of authentication and key agreement (AKA) credentials, user identification processing, access authorization, and subscription management. One or more location servers 168 are shown as including a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 165 and a Location Management Function (LMF) 166. However, in general, one or more location servers 168 may include one or more location / positioning servers, which may include one or more of the GMLC 165, LMF 166, Position Determination Entity (PDE), Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC), Mobile Positioning Center (MPC), etc. The GMLC 165 and LMF 166 support UE location services. The GMLC 165 provides an interface for clients / applications (e.g., emergency services) to access UE positioning information. The LMF 166 receives measurement and assistance information from the NG-RAN and the UE 104 via the AMF 161 and calculates the location of the UE 104. The NG-RAN may utilize one or more positioning methods to determine the location of the UE 104.Positioning the UE 104 may include signal measurement, position estimation, and optional speed calculation based on these measurements. The signal measurement may be performed by the UE 104 and / or the serving base station 102. The signals to be measured can be based on a satellite positioning system (SPS) 170 (e.g., a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), a global position system (GPS), a non-terrestrial network (NTN), or one or more of other satellite position / location systems), an LTE signal, a wireless local area network (WLAN) signal, a Bluetooth signal, a terrestrial beacon system (TBS), sensor-based information (e.g., a barometric pressure sensor, a motion sensor), an NR enhanced cell ID (NR E-CID) method, an NR signal (e.g., multi-round trip time (Multi-RTT), DL angle-of-departure (DL-AoD), DL time difference of arrival (DL-TDOA), UL time difference of arrival (UL-TDOA), and UL angle-of-arrival (UL-AoA) positioning), and / or one or more of other systems / signals / sensors.

[0036] Examples of the UE104 include a cellular phone, a smartphone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a laptop, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a satellite radio, a global positioning system, a multimedia device, a video device, a digital audio player (e.g., an MP3 player), a camera, a game console, a tablet, a smart device, a wearable device, a vehicle, an electric meter, a gas pump, a large or small cooking appliance, a healthcare device, an implant, a sensor / actuator, a display, or any other similar functional device. Some of the UE104 can be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking meters, gas pumps, toasters, vehicles, heart monitors, etc.). The UE104 can also be called a station, a mobile station, a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communication device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal, a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, or any other suitable term. In some scenarios, the term UE can also be applied to one or more companion devices in a device constellation configuration, etc. One or more of these devices can access the network collectively and / or can also access the network individually.

[0037] Referring back to FIG. 1, in some aspects, the UE 104 or the base station 102 can include a sensing component 198 configured to receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 198 can also be configured to receive an indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 198 can also be configured to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 198 can also be configured to select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 198 can also be configured to decode one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources after at least one available control channel resource has been selected. The sensing component 198 can also be configured to transmit a control channel message for a second wireless device and receive a sensing signal, where the control channel message is transmitted via at least one available control channel resource and the sensing signal is received via at least one available sensing signal resource.

[0038] In some aspects, UE104 or base station 102 can include a sensing component 199 configured to receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to receive an indication of use of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of use of the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to send a request to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to receive a first message from a second wireless device, the first message being associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources, and the set of sensing signal resources being associated with a set of control channel resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to receive an indication of sensing resource contention from a second wireless device. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to send at least one of a control channel message via at least one available control channel resource or a sensing signal via at least one available sensing signal resource.

[0039] The sensing component 199 can also be configured to receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to receive an indication of the use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to receive a request to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to decode one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources after at least one available control channel resource has been selected. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to transmit a first message to a second wireless device, the first message being associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. In the following description, 5G NR may be focused on, but the concepts described herein may be applicable to other similar fields such as LTE, LTE-A, CDMA, GSM, and other wireless technologies.

[0040] FIG. 2A is a diagram 200 showing an example of a first subframe in a 5G NR frame configuration. FIG. 2B is a diagram 230 showing an example of a DL channel in a 5G NR subframe. FIG. 2C is a diagram 250 showing an example of a second subframe in a 5G NR frame configuration. FIG. 2D is a diagram 280 showing an example of a UL channel in a 5G NR subframe. The 5G NR frame configuration can be frequency division duplexed (FDD) where a subframe within a set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) is dedicated either to DL or UL for a particular set of subcarriers, or time division duplexed (TDD) where a subframe within a set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth) is dedicated to both DL and UL. In the examples provided by FIGS. 2A and 2C, it is assumed that the 5G NR frame configuration is TDD, and subframe 4 is configured with slot format 28 (mostly DL), where D is DL, U is UL, F is flexible for use between DL / UL, and subframe 3 is configured with slot format 1 (all UL). Subframes 3 and 4 are shown with slot formats 1 and 28 respectively, but any particular subframe can be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0 - 61. Slot formats 0 and 1 are all DL and UL respectively. The other slot formats 2 - 61 include a mixture of DL symbols, UL symbols, and flexible symbols. The UE is configured to use the slot format through the received slot format indicator (SFI), either dynamically through DL control information (DCI) or semi-statically / statically through radio resource control (RRC) signaling. Note that the following description also applies to a 5G NR frame configuration that is TDD.

[0041] Figures 2A to 2D show a certain frame configuration, and aspects of the present disclosure may be applicable to other wireless communication technologies that may have different frame configurations and / or different channels. A frame (10 ms) can be divided into 10 subframes (1 ms) of equal size. Each subframe may include one or more time slots. The subframe may also include minislots that may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. Each slot may include 14 or 12 symbols depending on whether the cyclic prefix (CP) is normal or extended. In the case of normal CP, each slot may include 14 symbols, and in the case of extended CP, each slot may include 12 symbols. The symbols on the DL may be CP orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) symbols. The symbols on the UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (in the case of a high-throughput scenario), or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (also referred to as single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) symbols) (in a scenario where power is limited, i.e., in the case of single-stream transmission). The number of slots in a subframe is based on the CP and number theory. This number theory defines the subcarrier spacing (SCS) and, in effect, defines the symbol length / duration equal to 1 / SCS.

[0042]

Table 1

[0043] In the case of normal CP (14 symbols / slot), different numerologies μ0 to 4 enable 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. In the case of extended CP, numerology 2 enables 4 slots per subframe. Therefore, for normal CP and numerology μ, there are 14 symbols / slot and 2 μ slots / subframe. The subcarrier spacing may be equal to 2 μ *15 kHz, and μ is numerology 0 to 4. Therefore, numerology μ = 0 has a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz, and numerology μ = 4 has a subcarrier spacing of 240 kHz. The symbol length / duration is inversely proportional to the subcarrier spacing. FIGS. 2A to 2D provide an example of normal CP having 14 symbols per slot and numerology μ = 2 having 4 slots per subframe. The slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs. Within a set of frames, there may be one or more different bandwidth parts (BWPs) (see FIG. 2B) that are frequency division multiplexed. Each BWP may have a specific numerology and CP (normal or extended).

[0044] A resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as a physical RB (PRB)) that spans 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into a plurality of resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0045] As shown in FIG. 2A, some of the REs carry a reference signal (RS) for the UE. The RS may include a demodulation RS (DM-RS) (shown as R for one particular configuration, although other DM-RS configurations are possible), and a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RS may also include a beam measurement RS (BRS), a beam refinement RS (BRRS), and a phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0046] Figure 2B shows an example of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs) (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs), where each CCE contains six resource element groups (REGs), and each REG contains 12 consecutive resource elements within an OFDM symbol of a resource block. The PDCCH within one bandwidth part (BWP) can be referred to as a control resource set (CORESET). The UE is configured to monitor PDCCH candidates within a PDCCH search space (e.g., a common search space, a UE-specific search space) during PDCCH monitoring occasions on the CORESET, where those PDCCH candidates have different DCI formats and different aggregation levels. Additional BWPs can be arranged at higher frequencies and / or lower frequencies across the channel bandwidth. The primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be present in symbol 2 of a particular subframe of a frame. The PSS is used by UE104 to determine the subframe / symbol timing and physical layer identification information. The secondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be present in symbol 4 of a particular subframe of a frame. The SSS is used by the UE to determine the group number of the physical layer cell identification information and the timing of the radio frame. Based on the physical layer identification information and the group number of the physical layer cell identification information, the UE can determine the physical cell identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE can determine the position of the DM-RS.A physical broadcast channel (PBCH) that carries a master information block (MIB) can form a synchronization signal (SS) / PBCH block (also referred to as an SS block (SSB)) by being logically grouped with the PSS and SSS. The MIB provides the number of resource blocks (RBs) within the system bandwidth and the system frame number (SFN). The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted through the PBCH such as system information blocks (SIBs), and paging messages.

[0047] As shown in Figure 2C, some of the resource elements (REs) carry DM-RS (shown as R for one particular configuration, although other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE can transmit DM-RS for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and DM-RS for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS can be transmitted within the first one or two symbols of the PUSCH. The PUCCH DM-RS can be transmitted in different configurations depending on whether a short PUCCH or a long PUCCH is transmitted and on the specific PUCCH format used. The UE can transmit sounding reference signals (SRS). The SRS can be transmitted within the last symbol of the subframe. The SRS can have a comb structure and the UE can transmit the SRS on one of those combs. The SRS can be used by the base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling on the UL.

[0048] Figure 2D shows an example of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame. The PUCCH, in one configuration, can be arranged as shown. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI) such as scheduling requests, channel quality indicator (CQI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI), rank indicator (RI), and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK) feedback (i.e., one or more HARQ ACK bits indicating one or more ACKs and / or negative ACKs (NACKs)). The PUSCH carries data and can additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR), a power headroom report (PHR), and / or UCI.

[0049] Figure 3 is a block diagram showing a base station 310 communicating with a UE 350 in an access network. In the DL, Internet Protocol (IP) packets can be provided to a controller / processor 375. The controller / processor 375 implements layer 3 and layer 2 functions. Layer 3 includes a Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, and layer 2 includes a Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, a Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, a Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and a Media Access Control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 375 is associated with RRC layer functions related to the broadcast of system information (e.g., MIB, SIB), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), mobility between radio access technologies (RATs), and measurement settings for UE measurement reports, and PDCP layer functions related to header compression / decompression, security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions, and RLC layer functions related to the transfer of upper layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs, and MAC layer functions related to the mapping of logical channels to transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, reporting of scheduling information, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0050] The transmit (TX) processor 316 and the receive (RX) processor 370 implement layer 1 functions associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, which includes the physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transport channel, forward error correction (FEC) encoding / decoding of the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping onto the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. The TX processor 316 processes the mapping to a signal constellation based on various modulation schemes (e.g., binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), M-phase-shift keying (M-PSK), M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM)). The encoded and modulated symbols may then be split into parallel streams. Each stream is then mapped to OFDM subcarriers, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time domain and / or frequency domain, and then combined together using an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) to generate a physical channel carrying a time domain OFDM symbol stream. This OFDM stream is spatially pre-coded to generate a plurality of spatial streams. The channel estimates from the channel estimator 374 can be used to determine the encoding and modulation scheme and for spatial processing. The channel estimates can be derived from reference signals and / or channel state feedback transmitted by the UE 350. Each spatial stream can then be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318Tx. Each transmitter 318Tx can modulate a radio frequency (RF) carrier with its respective spatial stream for transmission.

[0051] In UE350, each receiver 354Rx receives signals through its respective antenna 352. Each receiver 354Rx restores the information modulated on the RF carrier and provides the information to the receive (RX) processor 356. The TX processor 368 and the RX processor 356 implement the layer 1 functions associated with various signal processing functions. The RX processor 356 can perform spatial processing on the information to restore any spatial stream destined for UE350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for UE350, the RX processor 356 can combine them into a single OFDM symbol stream. Next, the RX processor 356 uses the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to convert the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain. The frequency domain signal includes a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols on each subcarrier and the reference signals are restored and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by the base station 310. These soft decisions can be based on the channel estimates calculated by the channel estimator 358. The soft decisions are then decoded and deinterleaved to restore the data and control signals initially transmitted by the base station 310 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 359, which implements the layer 3 and layer 2 functions.

[0052] The controller / processor 359 can be associated with a memory 360 that stores program code and data. The memory 360 can be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 359 performs demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decoding, header decompression, and control signal processing between the transport channel and the logical channel to restore IP packets. The controller / processor 359 is also involved in error detection using the ACK and / or NACK protocol to support the HARQ operation.

[0053] Similar to the functions described in relation to DL transmission by the base station 310, the controller / processor 359 is associated with RRC layer functions related to system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) acquisition, RRC connection, and measurement reporting, PDCP layer functions related to header compression / decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification), and RLC layer functions related to transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correction through ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, resegmentation of RLC data PDUs, and reordering of RLC data PDUs, and MAC layer functions related to mapping of logical channels to transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction through HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0054] Channel estimation values derived by the channel estimator 358 from the reference signals or feedback transmitted by the base station 310 can be used by the TX processor 368 to select an appropriate coding and modulation scheme and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial streams generated by the TX processor 368 can be provided to different antennas 352 via separate transmitters 354Tx. Each transmitter 354Tx can modulate an RF carrier with its respective spatial stream for transmission.

[0055] UL transmission is processed at the base station 310 in a manner similar to the manner described for the receiver function in the UE 350. Each receiver 318Rx receives signals through its corresponding antenna 320. Each receiver 318Rx recovers the information modulated on the RF carrier and provides the information to the RX processor 370.

[0056] The controller / processor 375 may be associated with a memory 376 that stores program code and data. The memory 376 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 375 performs demultiplexing, packet reassembly, decoding, header decompression, and control signal processing between the transport channel and the logical channel to recover the IP packet. The controller / processor 375 is also involved in error detection using the ACK and / or NACK protocol to support the HARQ operation.

[0057] At least one of the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359 can be configured to perform aspects related to the sensing component 198 of FIG. 1. At least one of the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and the controller / processor 375 can be configured to perform aspects related to the sensing component 199 of FIG. 1.

[0058] FIG. 4 is a diagram 400 showing an example of UE positioning based on reference signal measurements. The UE 404 can transmit the UL-SRS 412 at time T SRS_TX and receive the DL positioning reference signals (PRS) (DL-PRS) 410 at time T PRS_RX . The TRP 406 can receive the UL-SRS 412 at time T SRS_RX and transmit the DL-PRS 410 at time T PRS_TX . The UE 404 can receive the DL-PRS 410 before transmitting the UL-SRS 412, or transmit the UL-SRS 412 before receiving the DL-PRS 410. In both cases, the positioning server (e.g., the location server(s) 168) or the UE 404 can calculate ||T SRS_RX - T PRS_TX | - |T SRS_TX - T PRS_RXRTT 414 can be determined based on ||. Therefore, multi-RTT positioning is the UE Rx-Tx time difference measurement value of the downlink signal received from multiple TRPs 402, 406 and measured by the UE 404 (i.e., |T SRS_TX -T PRS_RX |) and the downlink physical resource block reference signal received power (RSRP) (DL-PRS-RSRP), and the measured TRP Rx-Tx time difference measurement value (i.e., |T SRS_RX -T PRS_TX |) and UL-SRS-RSRP of the uplink signal transmitted from the UE 404 at multiple TRPs 402, 406 can be used. The UE 404 measures the UE Rx-Tx time difference measurement value (and optionally the DL-PRS-RSRP of the received signal) using the assistance data received from the positioning server, and the TRPs 402, 406 measure the gNB Rx-Tx time difference measurement value (and optionally the UL-SRS-RSRP of the received signal) using the assistance data received from the positioning server. These measurement values can be used at the positioning server or the UE 404 to determine the RTT, and the RTT is used to estimate the position of the UE 404. For example, other methods for determining the RTT are possible, such as using DL-TDOA and / or UL-TDOA measurement values.

[0059] DL-AoD positioning can utilize the measured DL-PRS-RSRP of the downlink signal received by the UE 404 from multiple TRPs 402, 406. The UE 404 measures the DL-PRS-RSRP of the received signal using the assistance data received from the positioning server, and the resulting measurement value is used together with the azimuth angle of departure (A-AoD), the zenith angle of departure (Z-AoD), and other configuration information to identify the position of the UE 404 relative to the neighboring TRPs 402, 406.

[0060] DL-TDOA positioning can utilize the downlink reference signal time difference (RSTD) (and optionally DL-PRS-RSRP) of the downlink signals received by the UE404 from multiple TRPs 402 and 406. The UE404 measures the DL RSTD (and optionally DL-PRS-RSRP) of the received signals using the assistance data received from the positioning server, and the resulting measurements are used together with other configuration information to determine the position of the UE404 relative to the neighboring TRPs 402 and 406.

[0061] UL-TDOA positioning can utilize the uplink relative time of arrival (RTOA) (and optionally UL-SRS-RSRP) at multiple TRPs 402 and 406 for the uplink signals transmitted by the UE404. The TRPs 402 and 406 measure the UL-RTOA (and optionally UL-SRS-RSRP) of the received signals using the assistance data received from the positioning server, and the resulting measurements are used together with other configuration information to estimate the position of the UE404.

[0062] UL-AoA positioning can utilize the measured azimuth angle of arrival (A-AoA) and zenith angle of arrival (Z-AoA) at multiple TRPs 402 and 406 for the uplink signals transmitted by the UE404. The TRPs 402 and 406 measure the A-AoA and Z-AoA of the received signals using the assistance data received from the positioning server, and the resulting measurements are used together with other configuration information to estimate the position of the UE404.

[0063] For example, additional positioning methods, such as UL-AoD and / or DL-AoA on the UE side, can be used to estimate the position of UE404. Note that data / measurements from various technologies can be combined in various ways to improve accuracy, determine and / or enhance certainty, supplement / complement measurements, and / or replace / provide missing information.

[0064] Wireless communication modes can utilize several different types of communication, such as integrated sensing and communication (ISAC). ISAC refers to a combination of a sensing system and a communication system for efficiently utilizing wireless resources and / or for utilizing wide-area environmental sensing. ISAC has brought about many technological advancements in signal processing and wireless communication. For example, the combined use of millimeter wave (mmW) frequencies and massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology can bring about similarities between a communication system and a wireless sensing system, such as similarities in hardware architecture, channel characteristics, and information processing pipelines. Therefore, it may be possible to extend some radar missions (e.g., angle-of-arrival (AoA) or angle-of-departure (AoD) estimation and moving target tracking) to address different communication issues such as beam management and resource allocation. Furthermore, some types of wireless networks (e.g., ultra-high density wireless networks and cell-free wireless networks) can enable a comprehensive characterization of the propagation environment of ISAC.

[0065] ISAC is regarded as one of the important features and technological advancements of several types of wireless communication (e.g., 5G and 6G). Also, there are several different motivations for the use of ISAC, such as cost-effectiveness and spectral efficiency. For cost-effectiveness, ISAC embodiments can utilize shared radio frequency (RF) and / or baseband hardware for sensing and communication. For spectral efficiency, ISAC embodiments can utilize the always-on availability of spectrum for different types of functions. Additionally, ISAC can utilize several different use cases, such as macro sensing and micro sensing. In the macro sensing use case, ISAC embodiments can utilize weather monitoring, autonomous driving, dynamic mapping, low-altitude airspace management (e.g., using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)), intruder detection, etc. In the micro sensing use case, ISAC embodiments can utilize gesture recognition, biosignal detection, high-resolution imaging, etc. Also, ISAC embodiments can utilize sensing-assisted communication, e.g., beam management.

[0066] Some aspects of wireless communication can utilize object sensing. Some types of object sensing can utilize radar sensing, which can be designated as monostatic sensing and bistatic / multistatic sensing. For example, object sensing or radar sensing can be utilized when sensing some types of objects (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)). UAVs may be referred to as objects to be sensed herein, but other types of objects (e.g., vehicles, ships, machines, wireless devices, humans, animals, etc.) can also be sensed. Thus, when referred to as a UAV being sensed herein, other types of objects may be the objects being sensed (e.g., vehicles, ships, machines, wireless devices, humans, animals, etc.). In object or radar sensing, due to the irregular shape of the target object, the reflected signals may be unevenly distributed in all directions. To increase the likelihood of receiving the reflected sensing signals, some types of UEs (e.g., legacy UEs or sensing dedicated UEs) can be involved in receiving the reflected signals. This type of object sensing is called UE-assisted sensing, and the UE is called a "sensing UE". Since the number of base stations (e.g., gNBs) in a cellular network is less than the number of UEs, this type of object sensing can be utilized. This type of object sensing can also be utilized to sense other types of objects (e.g., airplanes, vehicles, ships, humans, animals, or any object).

[0067] As described above, the cellular network can be used for UAV management (i.e., management of UAVs or other wireless objects). There are several expected advantages to UAV management by a cellular network, such as reducing the deployment cost of existing physical sites for sensing. In addition, UAV management by a cellular network can result in reduced hardware costs for RF / baseband hardware shared by base stations (BSs). Some types of UAV management can utilize wide-area airspace management that is suitable for cooperative sensing and target tracking in wireless systems (e.g., 5G / 6G systems).

[0068] FIG. 5 shows a FIG. 500 including an example of a wireless communication system. More specifically, FIG. 500 of FIG. 5 shows an example of a wireless communication system for cooperative sensing and target tracking. As shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 500 includes several cells (cell 501, cell 502, cell 503, cell 504, cell 505, cell 506, cell 507) and several corresponding base stations (base station 511, base station 512, base station 513, base station 514, base station 515, base station 516, base station 517). FIG. 500 also includes UAVs 520 and 522, as well as core network 530 and UAV management platform 540. As shown in FIG. 5, cells 501-505 and base stations 511-515 are part of a multistatic operation (i.e., there is lower-layer cooperation during communication between base stations). Cells 506-507 and base stations 506-507 are in a static operation (i.e., there is no lower-layer cooperation between base stations).

[0069] As shown in this specification, object sensing modalities can include monostatic sensing and bistatic / multistatic sensing. In monostatic sensing, one radar / sensor performs both the transmission and reception of the sensing signal. Monostatic sensing can be advantageous as it may not be necessary to form a transmit (Tx) / receive (Rx) (Tx / Rx) pairing or grouping. However, when using monostatic sensing, it may be necessary to mitigate self-interference. In bistatic sensing or multistatic sensing, one radar / sensor transmits the sensing signal and another radar / sensor receives the sensing signal reflected by a target object (e.g., UAV). Bistatic / multistatic sensing may not require mitigation of self-interference, but may require formation of a Tx / Rx pairing / grouping.

[0070] Figures 6A and 6B show FIGS. 600 and 650 respectively, including examples of wireless communication systems utilizing monostatic sensing and bistatic / multistatic sensing. More specifically, FIG. 600 of FIG. 6A shows an example of a wireless communication system utilizing monostatic sensing. As shown in FIG. 6A, FIG. 600 includes a base station 610 including a Tx antenna panel 612 and an Rx antenna panel 614, and a UAV 620. FIG. 600 shows that a sensing signal 630 is transmitted from the Tx antenna panel 612 to the UAV 620, and the reflected sensing signal 632 is reflected from the UAV 620 and returned to the Rx antenna panel 614. FIG. 650 of FIG. 6B shows another example of a wireless communication system utilizing bistatic sensing or multistatic sensing. As shown in FIG. 6B, FIG. 650 includes a base station 660 including a Tx antenna panel 662 and a base station 670 including an Rx antenna panel 672. FIG. 6B also includes a sensing UE 680 and a UAV 682. FIG. 650 shows that a sensing signal 690 is transmitted from the Tx antenna panel 662 to the UAV 682. Also, the reflected sensing signal 692 is transferred from the UAV 682 to the Rx antenna panel 672, and the reflected sensing signal 694 is transferred from the UAV 682 to the sensing UE 680.

[0071] One potential problem with using a communication network for resource allocation is on-demand sensing signal resource allocation between different cells. In some aspects, a sensing node in an ISAC system can be allocated dedicated and interference-free sensing resources for transmitting and receiving on-demand dynamic and periodic broadband sensing signals (e.g., when a target object is discovered or detected). For example, a broadband sensing signal may be required to improve delay estimation accuracy, and a periodic sensing signal may be required to estimate the Doppler frequency. Thus, static allocation using different sensing signal resources for each cell / base station can consume a large amount of wireless resources. In some cases, a central sensing server may not be aware of real-time mutual interference between nodes (e.g., base stations or UEs) within a cellular network, and thus, central allocation of on-demand dynamic sensing resources by the sensing server can result in inter-cell / inter-node interference. Therefore, sensing resource allocation can rely on an autonomous mode of a base station, which can have two main use cases, namely, monostatic sensing and bistatic sensing. The autonomous mode of sensing signal resource allocation can have the benefit of high flexibility / adaptability for different network deployments. Furthermore, it may be beneficial to utilize an efficient method for autonomous dynamic sensing signal resource allocation in a cellular system.

[0072] As described above, the sensing signal resource allocation can include two main use cases, namely, monostatic sensing and bistatic sensing. In monostatic sensing in a cellular ISAC system, two base stations (e.g., base station 1 and base station 2) can perform monostatic sensing on one UAV. A part of the sensing signal transmitted by base station 2 can be reflected by the UAV towards base station 1. If base station 1 uses the same radio resource as base station 2 for sensing, base station 1 may be subject to interference from the sensing signal from base station 2. In bistatic sensing in a cellular ISAC system, two base stations (e.g., base station 1 and base station 2) can perform bistatic sensing on one UAV. Another base station (e.g., base station 3) may perform monostatic sensing on another UAV. A part of the sensing signal transmitted by base station 3 can be reflected by the UAV towards base station 2. If base station 1 uses the same radio resource as base station 3 for sensing, base station 2 may be subject to interference from the sensing signal from base station 3. Based on the above, it may be beneficial to provide dynamic sensing signal resource allocation to wireless devices (e.g., base stations and UEs). That is, it may be beneficial to enable the ISAC system to allocate on-demand dynamic sensing signal resources to base stations and UEs. To do so, it may be beneficial to reduce or eliminate the amount of inter-cell interference in dynamic sensing signal resource allocation. Furthermore, it may be beneficial for dynamic sensing signal resource allocation to be highly adaptable to different cellular deployments.

[0073] Aspects of the present disclosure can provide dynamic sensing signal resource allocation to wireless devices (e.g., base stations and UEs). In some cases, the aspects presented herein can enable an ISAC system to allocate on-demand dynamic sensing signal resources to base stations and UEs. Aspects of the present disclosure can also reduce or eliminate the amount of inter-cell interference in dynamic sensing signal resource allocation. Additionally, aspects of the present disclosure can enable dynamic sensing signal resource allocation to be highly adaptable to different cellular deployments. For example, aspects of the present disclosure can utilize monostatic sensing to dynamically or autonomously allocate sensing signal resources to wireless devices (e.g., base stations and UEs). Further, the aspects presented herein can utilize bistatic sensing to dynamically or autonomously allocate sensing signal resources to wireless devices.

[0074] In some cases, the aspects presented herein can utilize autonomous resource allocation for monostatic sensing procedures. For example, each wireless device (e.g., a base station or a UE) in a monostatic sensing procedure can select available resources within a control channel resource pool and then transmit a control channel (or a control channel transmission / message) at the selected resources for association with the sensing signal. Also, each control channel can carry a message indicating the position of the associated sensing signal resources within a sensing signal resource pool. The respective time-frequency positions of the control channel resource pool (control channel resource set) and the sensing signal resource pool (sensing signal resource set) may be defined by a standard or can be configured by a central controller (e.g., a central unit (CU), a sensing server, a core network, or a base station). The control channel resource pool (e.g., a resource with a small bandwidth) can use different time-frequency resources compared to the sensing signal resource pool (e.g., a resource with a large bandwidth). This can distinguish it from some resources (e.g., sidelink radio resource type 2) where the control channel and the data channel use the same resource pool. For example, in the aspects presented herein, the control channel can indicate resources for a reference signal (e.g., in sidelink radio resource type 2, the control channel can indicate resources for data transmission).

[0075] In some aspects, each base station in the monostatic sensing procedure can monitor a control channel resource pool to find available control channel resources and / or sensing signal resources. By doing so, the base station can eliminate or reduce any possibility of inter-cell interference between base stations in the monostatic sensing procedure. Additionally, in the monostatic sensing procedure, each base station may be a listener base station. For example, each base station may need to monitor a control resource pool with a bandwidth smaller than the sensing resource pool. By doing so, the power consumption in the monostatic sensing procedure can be reduced accordingly.

[0076] FIG. 7 shows FIGS. 700 and 750 including an example of a wireless communication system and resource allocation respectively. More specifically, FIG. 700 of FIG. 7 shows an example of a wireless communication system for a monostatic sensing procedure. As shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 700 includes a base station / UE 710, a base station / UE 712, a UAV 720, a desired sensing signal 730 (e.g., a sensing signal expected to be received), and an undesired sensing signal 732 (e.g., a sensing signal not expected to be received). As shown in FIG. 7, the base station / UE 710 can transmit the desired sensing signal 730 to the base station / UE 712 (via the UAV 720). Also, the base station / UE 712 can transmit the undesired sensing signal 732 to the base station / UE 710 (via the UAV 720). FIG. 700 shows an example of a monostatic sensing procedure between the base station / UE 710 and the base station / UE 712. As shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 750 includes a wireless resource pool 760, a resource 762, a resource 764, a wireless resource pool 770, a resource 772, and a resource 774. The wireless resource pool 760 can correspond to a sensing signal (e.g., having a large bandwidth), and the wireless resource pool 770 can correspond to a control channel (e.g., having a small bandwidth). In addition, the resources 762 and 772 are occupied resources, and the resources 764 and 774 are available resources. As shown in FIG. 7, each base station in the monostatic sensing procedure may need to monitor a control resource pool with a bandwidth smaller than the sensing resource pool, thereby reducing the power consumption.

[0077] In some aspects, in autonomous resource allocation, the first base station and the second base station can participate in a monostatic sensing procedure. During the monostatic sensing procedure, the second base station can use the occupied resources within the control channel resource pool, thereby carrying a message indicating the occupied resources within the sensing signal resource pool. Also, the first base station may monitor the control channel resource pool (i.e., it may not be necessary to monitor the sensing signal resource pool) to search for available (e.g., unused) control channel resources and sensing signal resources. Further, the first base station may randomly select available resources for its control channel within the control channel resource pool and available sensing signal resources within the sensing signal resource pool. The first base station can transmit both control channel messages and sensing signals at respective resources having a specific periodicity.

[0078] FIG. 8 shows a diagram 800 including an example of resource pool allocation for a wireless communication system. More specifically, diagram 800 of FIG. 8 shows an example of control channel resource pool allocation and sensing signal resource pool allocation in a wireless communication system for a monostatic sensing procedure. As shown in FIG. 8, diagram 800 includes a wireless resource pool 810, a resource 812, a resource 814, a wireless resource pool 820, a resource 822, and a resource 824. Wireless resource pool 810 can correspond to a sensing signal (e.g., having a large bandwidth), and wireless resource pool 820 can correspond to a control channel (e.g., having a small bandwidth). In addition, resource 812 and resource 822 may be occupied resources, and resource 814 and resource 824 may be available resources. In step 830, a second base station (e.g., base station / UE 712) can use resource 822 within the control channel resource pool, thereby carrying a message indicating resource 812 within the sensing signal resource pool. In step 831, a first base station (e.g., base station / UE 710) can monitor the control channel resource pool to determine available control channel resources and sensing signal resources. In step 832, the first base station (e.g., base station / UE 710) can randomly select available resources for the control channel within the control channel resource pool and available resources for the sensing signal within the sensing signal resource pool. Also, the first base station (e.g., base station / UE 710) can transmit both control channel messages and sensing signals at each resource having a specific periodicity.

[0079] In some cases, the aspects presented herein can utilize autonomous resource allocation for bistatic sensing procedures. For example, each transmitting (Tx) wireless device (e.g., a base station or a UE) of a bistatic sensing procedure can select available resources within a control channel resource pool and then transmit a control channel (or a control channel transmission / message) at the selected resources for association with a sensing signal. Each control channel can carry a message indicating the location of an associated sensing signal resource within a sensing signal resource pool and the target receiver (e.g., a receiving (Rx) wireless device). The Tx wireless device can transmit a message indicating a request to monitor the control channel to an Rx wireless device (e.g., a base station or a UE). The bistatic sensing receiver (e.g., an Rx wireless device) can be a base station or a UE. Each Rx base station or Rx UE can monitor the control channel resource pool to find or determine available control channel resources and available sensing signal resources. By doing so, the possibility of inter-cell interference can thereby be eliminated / reduced. In bistatic sensing, the Rx base station or Rx UE can be a listening device (i.e., a listener). Each Rx base station or Rx UE may need to monitor a control resource pool with a bandwidth smaller than the sensing resource pool. By doing so, the power consumption in the bistatic sensing procedure can thereby be reduced. After the monitoring, the Rx base station or Rx UE can transmit a message indicating a sensing report (i.e., available resources within the sensing signal resource pool) to the Tx base station.

[0080] FIG. 9 shows FIGS. 900 and 950, each including an example of a wireless communication system and resource allocation. More specifically, FIG. 900 of FIG. 9 shows an example of a wireless communication system for a bistatic sensing procedure. As shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 900 includes a base station / UE 910, a base station / UE 912, a base station / UE 914, UAVs 920 and 922, a desired sensing signal 930 (e.g., a sensing signal expected to be received), and an undesired sensing signal 932 (e.g., a sensing signal not expected to be received). As shown in FIG. 9, the base station / UE 910 can transmit the desired sensing signal 930 to the base station / UE 912 (via UAV 920). Also, the base station / UE 914 can transmit the undesired sensing signal 932 to the base station / UE 912 (via UAV 922). The base station / UE 910 can also transmit a message 940 to the base station / UE 912 to request that the base station / UE 912 monitor control channel resources. Also, the base station / UE 912 can transmit a message 942 to the base station / UE 910 to report available sensing resources. FIG. 900 shows an example of a bistatic sensing procedure among the base station / UE 910, the base station / UE 912, and the base station / UE 914. As further shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 950 includes a wireless resource pool 960, resources 962, 964, a wireless resource pool 970, resources 972, and 974. The wireless resource pool 960 can correspond to a sensing signal (e.g., having a large bandwidth), and the wireless resource pool 970 can correspond to a control channel (e.g., having a small bandwidth). In addition, resources 962 and 972 may be occupied resources, and resources 964 and 974 may be available resources. As shown in FIG. 9, each base station in the bistatic sensing procedure may need to monitor a control resource pool with a bandwidth smaller than the sensing resource pool, thereby reducing power consumption.

[0081] In some aspects, in autonomous resource allocation, some base stations or UEs (e.g., a first base station, a second base station / UE, and a third base station) can participate in a bistatic sensing procedure. During the bistatic sensing procedure, the third base station can use the occupied resources within a control channel resource pool, thereby carrying a message indicating the occupied resources within a sensing signal resource pool. Then, the first base station can send a message to the second base station / UE indicating a request to monitor control channel resources. The second base station / UE may monitor the control channel resource pool to search for or determine available control channel resources and available sensing signal resources (i.e., it may not be necessary to monitor the sensing signal resource pool). After that, the second base station / UE can send a message to the first base station indicating the result of monitoring the control channel resources. Then, the first base station may randomly select available resources for its control channel within the control channel resource pool and available sensing signal resources within the sensing signal resource pool. Finally, the first base station can send both control channel messages and sensing signals at each resource having a specific periodicity.

[0082] FIG. 10 shows FIG. 1000 including an example of resource pool allocation for a wireless communication system. More specifically, FIG. 1000 of FIG. 10 shows an example of control channel resource pool allocation and sensing signal resource pool allocation in a wireless communication system for a bistatic sensing procedure. As shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 1000 includes a wireless resource pool 1010, a resource 1012, a resource 1014, a wireless resource pool 1020, a resource 1022, and a resource 1024. The wireless resource pool 1010 can correspond to a sensing signal (e.g., having a large bandwidth), and the wireless resource pool 1020 can correspond to a control channel (e.g., having a small bandwidth). In addition, the resource 1012 and the resource 1022 may be occupied resources, and the resource 1014 and the resource 1024 may be available resources. In step 1030, a first base station (e.g., base station / UE 910) can send a message indicating a request to monitor control channel resources to a second base station / UE (e.g., base station / UE 912). In step 1031, the second base station / UE (e.g., base station / UE 912) can monitor the control channel resource pool to determine available control channel resources and sensing signal resources. In step 1032, the second base station / UE (e.g., base station / UE 912) can send a message indicating the result of monitoring the control channel resources to the first base station (e.g., base station / UE 910). In step 1033, the first base station (e.g., base station / UE 910) can randomly select available resources for the control channel within the control channel resource pool and available resources for the sensing signal within the sensing signal resource pool. Also, the first base station (e.g., base station / UE 910) can send both a control channel message and a sensing signal at each resource having a specific periodicity.

[0083] In some aspects, detection of sensing signal resource collisions may occur. For example, when two nearby base stations select resources simultaneously, there may be a particular likelihood of resource contention. New sensing resource contentions may also occur when the UAV moves or rotates, or when the environment changes. To account for sensing signal resource collisions, the aspects presented herein can continue to monitor the entire control channel resource pool. For example, each Tx base station (in the case of monostatic sensing) or Rx base station / UE (in the case of bistatic sensing) can continue to monitor the entire control channel resource pool. A control channel with a small bandwidth can have a large control channel resource pool, and thus the likelihood of inter-cell contention in the control channel can be reduced. Also, if a sensing resource contention is detected by a properly decoded control channel, the corresponding base station can resume on-demand sensing resource allocation.

[0084] FIG. 11 shows FIG. 1100 including an example of resource pool allocation for a wireless communication system. More specifically, FIG. 1100 in FIG. 11 shows an example of control channel resource pool allocation and sensing signal resource pool allocation in a wireless communication system for a bistatic sensing procedure. As shown in FIG. 11, FIG. 1100 includes wireless resource pool 1110, resource 1112, resource 1114, wireless resource pool 1120, resource 1122, and resource 1124. Wireless resource pool 1110 can correspond to a sensing signal (e.g., having a large bandwidth), and wireless resource pool 1120 can correspond to a control channel (e.g., having a small bandwidth). In addition, during resource collision / contention, resource 1112 can correspond to a resource collision, resource 1122 can be an occupied resource, and resource 1124 can be an available resource. After resource collision / contention, resource 1112 and resource 1122 can be occupied resources, and resource 1114 and resource 1124 can be available resources. In step 1130, a first base station (e.g., base station 1101) and a second base station (e.g., base station 1102) can monitor a control channel resource pool to determine available control channel resources and sensing signal resources. Base station 1101 and base station 1102 can also select spare control channel resources and sensing signal resources (e.g., sensing reference signal (RS) resources). In step 1131, base station 1101 and base station 1102 can select the same sensing signal resource (e.g., resource 1112). In step 1132, base station 1101 and base station 1102 can continue transmission and monitoring and can detect a sensing signal resource contention in resource 1112. In step 1133, base station 1101 can reselect a sensing signal resource to avoid a resource collision in resource 1112.

[0085] In some cases, the aspects presented herein can utilize a sensing-purpose control channel resource pool based on the physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). In base station-UE bistatic sensing, the proposed sensing-purpose control channel resource pool can reuse PDCCH resources (e.g., CORESET, search space, etc.). Also, a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI) (e.g., called a sensing RNTI) can be configured for all sensing UEs. Further, a downlink control information (DCI) format can be defined that can include a sensing UE identifier (ID), a UE group ID, and sensing RS resource parameters. After receiving the DCI, the sensing UE can determine whether to monitor the indicated sensing RS and how to monitor it. This DCI format can also include an uplink (UL) data / control channel (e.g., PUSCH / PUCCH) grant so that the sensing UE can report available sensing RS resources or sensing results. The aspects presented herein can also enable sensing RS resource conflict resolution. For example, during DCI reception in a search space, a sensing UE can receive DCI from one base station and can also receive DCI from another base station or DCI for other sensing UEs. If there is an indicated sensing RS resource conflict in these DCIs (i.e., the indicated sensing RS resources are the same), the sensing UE can report the conflict to its associated base station.

[0086] As shown in this specification, aspects of the present disclosure can include a base station-UE bistatic sensing procedure. In step 1 of the bistatic sensing procedure, the base station can send a control channel message to the UE indicating to find a spare control channel resource pool. This message can be DCI based on a sensing RNTI, and the sensing RS resource parameters can be empty. In step 2 of the bistatic sensing procedure, the UE can monitor a control channel resource pool (e.g., PDCCH search space, CORESET), find available spare sensing RS resources, and then report this to the base station. The report can include the available spare sensing RS resources or an indication that there are no available resources. In step 3 of the bistatic sensing procedure, the base station can send a control channel message to the UE indicating to perform sensing. This message can be DCI based on a sensing RNTI, and the sensing RS resource parameters can be filled. In step 4 of the bistatic sensing procedure, the UE can monitor the indicated sensing RS resources. At the same time, the UE can continue to monitor the control channel resource pool. Then, the UE can report the sensing result. If a sensing RS resource conflict occurs, the UE can report an indication of the sensing RS resource conflict. After receiving such an indication, the base station can resume step 1 of the bistatic sensing procedure.

[0087] The aspects presented in this specification can also utilize dedicated or shared resources to sense signals or RS. When using dedicated sensing RS resources, the base station can send a message indicating the configuration of a sensing RS resource pool (e.g., including multiple sensing RS resources) to the sensing UE. In this case, there may be no interference from other uses (e.g., communication) in these radio resources. Further, when using shared resources between sensing and communication, the base station or UE can send a message indicating the use of the sensing RS resources. These messages can be broadcast / multicast to all base stations and UEs, or a portion of the base stations and UEs. For example, these messages can be sent via DCI with a group RNTI. The receiving base station / UE can avoid using the sensing RS resources indicated for any use (e.g., sensing / communication). By doing so, the resource utilization efficiency can be improved.

[0088] Aspects of the present disclosure can include several benefits or advantages. For example, the aspects presented in this specification can provide a way for an ISAC system to allocate on-demand dynamic sensing signal resources to base stations and UEs. Compared to central resource allocation by a sensing server, the proposed method can ensure no inter-cell interference between cells (e.g., base stations / UEs). The proposed method can also be highly adaptable to different cellular deployments. Further, by applying a control channel to indicate the sensing signal, the sensing signal receiver can monitor a narrow-bandwidth control channel resource pool instead of a wide-bandwidth sensing signal resource pool, thus saving power in the sensing signal receiver.

[0089] In addition, in both the monostatic sensing procedure and the bistatic sensing procedure, the Tx base station or the Rx base station can monitor a regulated / configured control channel resource pool. In both the monostatic sensing procedure and the bistatic sensing procedure, the Tx base station or the Rx base station can select available resources. Further, in both the monostatic sensing procedure and the bistatic sensing procedure, the Tx base station or the Rx base station can transmit a control channel message to indicate the position of the sensing signal resources within the sensing signal resource pool. In the bistatic sensing procedure, the Tx base station can transmit a message to the Rx base station / UE indicating a request to monitor the control channel resource pool. Also, in the bistatic sensing procedure, the Rx base station / UE can transmit a message to the Tx base station indicating the result of monitoring the control channel resource pool (e.g., the available resources within the sensing signal resource pool).

[0090] Figure 12 is a communication flow diagram 1200 of wireless communication according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 12, Figure 1200 includes exemplary communication between a base station / UE 1202 (base station or UE) and a base station / UE 1204 (base station or UE) according to one or more techniques of the present disclosure. In some aspects, the base station / UE 1202 may be a first wireless device, and the base station / UE 1204 may be a second wireless device. Figure 12 shows an example of wireless communication in the bistatic sensing procedure.

[0091] At 1210, the base station / UE 1202 can receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The configuration of the set of sensing signal resources can be received via downlink control information (DCI), and the configuration can include at least one of a sensing UE identifier (ID), a UE group ID, or a set of reference signal (RS) resource parameters. At 1212, the base station / UE 1204 can receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The configuration of the set of sensing signal resources can be received via downlink control information (DCI), and the configuration can include at least one of a sensing UE identifier (ID), a UE group ID, or a set of reference signal (RS) resource parameters.

[0092] At 1220, the base station / UE 1202 can receive an indication of the use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. The indication can indicate at least one sensing signal resource to avoid the use of the set of sensing signal resources. At 1222, the base station / UE 1204 can receive an indication of the use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. The indication can indicate at least one sensing signal resource to avoid the use of the set of sensing signal resources.

[0093] At 1230, the base station / UE 1202 can send a request (e.g., request 1234) to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. At 1232, the base station / UE 1204 can receive a request (e.g., request 1234) to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources.

[0094] At 1240, the base station / UE 1204 can monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources.

[0095] At 1242, the base station / UE 1204 can select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources.

[0096] At 1250, after at least one available control channel resource is selected, the base station / UE 1204 can decode one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources. The decoded one or more control channel resources may be associated with sensing resource contention. Further, the base station / UE 1204 can reselect at least one available control channel resource and at least one available sensing signal resource based on the sensing resource contention.

[0097] At 1260, the base station / UE 1204 can transmit a first message (e.g., message 1264) to a second wireless device, and the first message is associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources and / or at least one available control channel resource within a set of control channel resources. At 1262, the base station / UE 1202 can receive the first message (e.g., message 1264) from the second wireless device, and the first message is associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources and / or at least one available control channel resource within a set of control channel resources, and the set of sensing signal resources is associated with the set of control channel resources.

[0098] At 1270, the base station / UE 1202 can select at least one available control channel resource within a set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources.

[0099] At 1272, the base station / UE 1202 can receive an indication of sensing resource contention from the second wireless device. Further, the base station / UE 1202 can reselect at least one available sensing signal resource based on the sensing resource contention. Further, the base station / UE 1202 can reselect at least one available control channel resource.

[0100] At 1280, the base station / UE 1202 can transmit at least one of a control channel message via at least one available control channel resource or a sensing signal via at least one available sensing signal resource.

[0101] In some aspects, a set of control channel resources can be associated with a first set of time-frequency resources, and a set of sensing signal resources can be associated with a second set of time-frequency resources. The first bandwidth of the first set of time-frequency resources can be different from the second bandwidth of the second set of time-frequency resources. Also, a control channel message can indicate the position of an associated sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. Further, at least one of the control channel message or the sensing signal can be transmitted based on periodicity. The set of control channel resources and the set of sensing signal resources can be associated with a monostatic sensing procedure or a bistatic sensing procedure. Additionally, the first wireless device can be a first user equipment (UE), a first base station, a first network node, or a first network entity, and the second wireless device can be a second UE, a second base station, a second network node, or a second network entity.

[0102] FIG. 13 is a flowchart 1300 of a method of wireless communication. This method can be performed by a first wireless device such as a UE (e.g., UE 104, device 1904) or a base station (e.g., base station 102, base station / UE 710, network entity 2002). The methods described herein can provide several benefits such as improving communication signaling, resource utilization, and / or power savings.

[0103] At 1306, the first wireless device can monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. For example, the base station / UE 710 can monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1306 can be performed by the sensing component 198.

[0104] At 1308, the first wireless device can select at least one available control channel resource within a set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources. For example, the base station / UE 710 can select at least one available control channel resource within a set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1308 can be executed by the sensing component 198.

[0105] At 1312, the first wireless device can send a control channel message for the second wireless device, and can send and receive sensing signals. The control channel message is sent via at least one available control channel resource, and the sensing signals are sent and received via at least one available sensing signal resource. For example, the base station / UE 710 can send a control channel message for the second wireless device, and can send and receive sensing signals. The control channel message is sent via at least one available control channel resource, and the sensing signals are sent and received via at least one available sensing signal resource. Further, step 1312 can be executed by the sensing component 198.

[0106] In some aspects, a set of control channel resources can be associated with a first set of time-frequency resources, and a set of sensing signal resources can be associated with a second set of time-frequency resources. The first bandwidth of the first set of time-frequency resources can be different from the second bandwidth of the second set of time-frequency resources. Also, a control channel message can indicate the position of the associated sensing signal resources within the set of sensing signal resources. Further, at least one of the control channel message or the sensing signal can be transmitted based on periodicity. The set of control channel resources and the set of sensing signal resources can be associated with a monostatic sensing procedure. Additionally, the first wireless device can be a first user equipment (UE), a first base station, a first network node, or a first network entity, and the second wireless device can be a second UE, a second base station, a second network node, or a second network entity.

[0107] FIG. 14 is a flowchart 1400 of a method of wireless communication. This method can be performed by a first wireless device such as a UE (e.g., UE 104, device 1904) or a base station (e.g., base station 102, base station / UE 710, network entity 2002). The methods described herein can provide several benefits such as improving communication signaling, resource utilization, and / or power savings.

[0108] At 1402, the first wireless device can receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. For example, the base station / UE 710 can receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1402 can be executed by the sensing component 198. The configuration of the set of sensing signal resources can be received via downlink control information (DCI), and the configuration can include at least one of a sensing UE identifier (ID), a UE group ID, or a set of reference signal (RS) resource parameters.

[0109] At 1404, the first wireless device can receive an indication of the use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. For example, the base station / UE 710 can receive an indication of the use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1404 can be executed by the sensing component 198. The indication can indicate at least one sensing signal resource to avoid using the set of sensing signal resources.

[0110] At 1406, the first wireless device can monitor a set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. For example, the base station / UE 710 can monitor a set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1406 can be executed by the sensing component 198.

[0111] At 1408, the first wireless device can select at least one available control channel resource within a set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources. For example, the base station / UE 710 can select at least one available control channel resource within a set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1408 can be executed by the sensing component 198.

[0112] At 1410, after at least one available control channel resource is selected, the first wireless device can decode one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources. For example, the base station / UE 710 can decode one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources after at least one available control channel resource is selected. Further, step 1410 can be executed by the sensing component 198. The decoded one or more control channel resources can be associated with a sensing resource conflict. Further, the first wireless device can reselect at least one available sensing signal resource based on the sensing resource conflict. Further, the first wireless device can reselect at least one available control channel resource.

[0113] At 1412, the first wireless device can send a control channel message for the second wireless device and send and receive sensing signals. The control channel message is sent via at least one available control channel resource, and the sensing signals are sent and received via at least one available sensing signal resource. For example, the base station / UE 710 can send a control channel message for the second wireless device and send and receive sensing signals. The control channel message is sent via at least one available control channel resource, and the sensing signals are sent and received via at least one available sensing signal resource. Further, step 1412 can be performed by the sensing component 198.

[0114] In some aspects, a set of control channel resources can be associated with a first set of time-frequency resources, and a set of sensing signal resources is associated with a second set of time-frequency resources. The first bandwidth of the first set of time-frequency resources can be different from the second bandwidth of the second set of time-frequency resources. Also, the control channel message can indicate the position of the associated sensing signal resources within the set of sensing signal resources. Further, at least one of the control channel message or the sensing signals can be sent based on periodicity. The set of control channel resources and the set of sensing signal resources can be associated with a monostatic sensing procedure. Additionally, the first wireless device can be a first user equipment (UE), a first base station, a first network node, or a first network entity, and the second wireless device can be a second UE, a second base station, a second network node, or a second network entity.

[0115] FIG. 15 is a flowchart 1500 of a method of wireless communication. This method can be performed by a first wireless device, such as a UE (e.g., UE 104, device 1904) or a base station (e.g., base station 102, base station / UE 1202, network entity 2002). The methods described herein can provide several benefits, such as improving communication signaling, resource utilization, and / or power savings.

[0116] At 1508, the first wireless device can receive a first message from a second wireless device, the first message being associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources, the set of sensing signal resources being associated with a set of control channel resources. For example, at 1262, the base station / UE 1202 can receive a first message from a second wireless device, the first message being associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources, the set of sensing signal resources being associated with a set of control channel resources. Further, step 1508 can be performed by the sensing component 199.

[0117] At 1510, the first wireless device can select at least one available control channel resource within a set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources. For example, at 1270, the base station / UE 1202 can select at least one available control channel resource within a set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1510 can be performed by the sensing component 199.

[0118] At 1514, the first wireless device can transmit at least one of a control channel message via at least one available control channel resource or a sensing signal via at least one available sensing signal resource. For example, at 1280, the base station / UE 1202 can transmit at least one of a control channel message via at least one available control channel resource or a sensing signal via at least one available sensing signal resource. Further, step 1514 can be performed by the sensing component 199.

[0119] In some aspects, a set of control channel resources can be associated with a first set of time-frequency resources, and a set of sensing signal resources can be associated with a second set of time-frequency resources. The first bandwidth of the first set of time-frequency resources can be different from the second bandwidth of the second set of time-frequency resources. Also, the control channel message can indicate the position of the associated sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. Further, at least one of the control channel message or the sensing signal can be transmitted based on periodicity. The set of control channel resources and the set of sensing signal resources can be associated with a monostatic sensing procedure or a bistatic sensing procedure. Additionally, the first wireless device can be a first user equipment (UE), a first base station, a first network node, or a first network entity, and the second wireless device can be a second UE, a second base station, a second network node, or a second network entity.

[0120] FIG. 16 is a flowchart 1600 of a method of wireless communication. This method can be performed by a first wireless device such as a UE (e.g., UE 104, device 1904) or a base station (e.g., base station 102, base station / UE 1202, network entity 2002). The methods described herein may provide several benefits such as improving communication signaling, resource utilization, and / or power savings.

[0121] At 1602, the first wireless device can receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. For example, at 1210, the base station / UE 1202 can receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1602 can be performed by the sensing component 199. The configuration of the set of sensing signal resources can be received via downlink control information (DCI), and the configuration can include at least one of a sensing UE identifier (ID), a UE group ID, or a set of reference signal (RS) resource parameters.

[0122] At 1604, the first wireless device can receive an indication of the use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. For example, at 1220, the base station / UE 1202 can receive an indication of the use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1604 can be performed by the sensing component 199. The indication can indicate at least one sensing signal resource to avoid using the set of sensing signal resources.

[0123] In 1606, the first wireless device can send a request to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. For example, in 1230, the base station / UE 1202 can send a request to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1606 can be executed by the sensing component 199.

[0124] In 1608, the first wireless device can receive a first message from the second wireless device, where the first message is associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources, and the set of sensing signal resources is associated with the set of control channel resources. For example, in 1262, the base station / UE 1202 can receive a first message from the second wireless device, where the first message is associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources, and the set of sensing signal resources is associated with the set of control channel resources. Further, step 1608 can be executed by the sensing component 199.

[0125] In 1610, the first wireless device can select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. For example, in 1270, the base station / UE 1202 can select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1610 can be executed by the sensing component 199.

[0126] At 1612, the first wireless device can receive an indication of sensing resource contention from the second wireless device. For example, at 1272, the base station / UE 1202 can receive an indication of sensing resource contention from the second wireless device. Further, step 1612 can be executed by the sensing component 199. Further, the first wireless device can reselect at least one available sensing signal resource based on the sensing resource contention. Further, the first wireless device can reselect at least one available control channel resource.

[0127] At 1614, the first wireless device can transmit at least one of a control channel message via at least one available control channel resource or a sensing signal via at least one available sensing signal resource. For example, at 1280, the base station / UE 1202 can transmit at least one of a control channel message via at least one available control channel resource or a sensing signal via at least one available sensing signal resource. Further, step 1614 can be executed by the sensing component 199.

[0128] In some aspects, a set of control channel resources can be associated with a first set of time-frequency resources, and a set of sensing signal resources can be associated with a second set of time-frequency resources. The first bandwidth of the first set of time-frequency resources can be different from the second bandwidth of the second set of time-frequency resources. Also, a control channel message can indicate the position of an associated sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. Further, at least one of the control channel message or the sensing signal can be transmitted based on periodicity. The set of control channel resources and the set of sensing signal resources can be associated with a monostatic sensing procedure or a bistatic sensing procedure. Additionally, the first wireless device can be a first user equipment (UE), a first base station, a first network node, or a first network entity, and the second wireless device can be a second UE, a second base station, a second network node, or a second network entity.

[0129] FIG. 17 is a flowchart 1700 of a method of wireless communication. This method can be performed by a first wireless device such as a UE (e.g., UE 104, device 1904) or a base station (e.g., base station 102, base station / UE 1204, network entity 2002). The methods described herein can provide several benefits such as improving communication signaling, resource utilization, and / or power savings.

[0130] At 1708, the first wireless device can monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. For example, at 1240, base station / UE 1204 can monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1708 can be performed by a sensing component 199.

[0131] At 1710, the first wireless device can select at least one available control channel resource within a set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources. For example, at 1242, the base station / UE 1204 can select at least one available control channel resource within a set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1710 can be performed by the sensing component 199.

[0132] At 1714, the first wireless device can transmit a first message to the second wireless device, and the first message is associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources. For example, at 1260, the base station / UE 1204 can transmit a first message to the second wireless device, and the first message is associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1714 can be performed by the sensing component 199.

[0133] In some aspects, the set of control channel resources can be associated with a first set of time-frequency resources, and the set of sensing signal resources is associated with a second set of time-frequency resources. The first bandwidth of the first set of time-frequency resources can be different from the second bandwidth of the second set of time-frequency resources. The set of control channel resources and the set of sensing signal resources can be associated with a monostatic sensing procedure or a bistatic sensing procedure. Additionally, the first wireless device can be a first user equipment (UE), a first base station, a first network node, or a first network entity, and the second wireless device can be a second UE, a second base station, a second network node, or a second network entity.

[0134] FIG. 18 is a flowchart 1800 of a method of wireless communication. This method can be performed by a first wireless device such as a UE (e.g., UE 104, device 1904) or a base station (e.g., base station 102, base station / UE 1204, network entity 2002). The methods described herein may provide several benefits such as improving communication signaling, resource utilization, and / or power savings.

[0135] At 1802, the first wireless device can receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. For example, at 1212, the base station / UE 1204 can receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1802 can be performed by the sensing component 199. The configuration of the set of sensing signal resources can be received via downlink control information (DCI), and the configuration can include at least one of a sensing UE identifier (ID), a UE group ID, or a set of reference signal (RS) resource parameters.

[0136] At 1804, the first wireless device can receive an indication of the use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. For example, at 1222, the base station / UE 1204 can receive an indication of the use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1804 can be performed by the sensing component 199. The indication can indicate at least one sensing signal resource to avoid using the set of sensing signal resources.

[0137] In 1806, the first wireless device can receive a request to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. For example, in 1232, the base station / UE 1204 can receive a request to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1806 can be executed by the sensing component 199.

[0138] In 1808, the first wireless device can monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. For example, in 1240, the base station / UE 1204 can monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1808 can be executed by the sensing component 199.

[0139] In 1810, the first wireless device can select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. For example, in 1242, the base station / UE 1204 can select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1810 can be executed by the sensing component 199.

[0140] In 1812, after at least one available control channel resource is selected, the first wireless device can decode one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources. For example, in 1250, the base station / UE 1204 can decode one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources after at least one available control channel resource is selected. Further, step 1812 can be executed by the sensing component 199. The decoded one or more control channel resources can be associated with a sensing resource conflict. Further, the first wireless device can reselect at least one available sensing signal resource based on the sensing resource conflict. Further, the first wireless device can reselect at least one available control channel resource.

[0141] In 1814, the first wireless device can send a first message to the second wireless device, and the first message is associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. For example, in 1260, the base station / UE 1204 can send a first message to the second wireless device, and the first message is associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. Further, step 1814 can be executed by the sensing component 199.

[0142] In some aspects, a set of control channel resources may be associated with a first set of time-frequency resources, and a set of sensing signal resources is associated with a second set of time-frequency resources. The first bandwidth of the first set of time-frequency resources may be different from the second bandwidth of the second set of time-frequency resources. The set of control channel resources and the set of sensing signal resources may be associated with a monostatic sensing procedure or a bistatic sensing procedure. Additionally, the first wireless device may be a first user equipment (UE), a first base station, a first network node, or a first network entity, and the second wireless device may be a second UE, a second base station, a second network node, or a second network entity.

[0143] FIG. 19 is a diagram 1900 showing an example of a hardware implementation form for device 1904. Device 1904 may be a UE, a component of a UE, or can implement UE functions. In some aspects, device 1904 can include a cellular baseband processor 1924 (also called a modem) coupled to one or more transceivers 1922 (e.g., a cellular RF transceiver). The cellular baseband processor 1924 can include on-chip memory 1924'. In some aspects, device 1904 can further include one or more subscriber identity module (SIM) cards 1920 and an application processor 1906 coupled to a secure digital (SD) card 1908 and a screen 1910. The application processor 1906 can include on-chip memory 1906'. In some aspects, device 1904 can further include a Bluetooth module 1912, a WLAN module 1914, an SPS module 1916 (e.g., a GNSS module), one or more sensor modules 1918 (e.g., motion sensors such as a barometric pressure sensor / altimeter, an inertial management unit (IMU), a gyroscope, and / or an accelerometer, light detection and ranging (LIDAR), radio assisted detection and ranging (RADAR), sound navigation and ranging (SONAR), a magnetometer, audio and / or other technologies used for positioning), an additional memory module 1926, a power supply 1930, and / or a camera 1932. The Bluetooth module 1912, the WLAN module 1914, and the SPS module 1916 can include on-chip transceivers (TRX) (or in some cases, simply receivers (RX)).The Bluetooth module 1912, the WLAN module 1914, and the SPS module 1916 may each include their own dedicated antenna and / or may utilize the antenna 1980 for communication. The cellular baseband processor 1924 communicates with the RU associated with the UE 104 and / or the network entity 1902 through the transceiver(s) 1922 via one or more antennas 1980. The cellular baseband processor 1924 and the application processor 1906 may each include a computer-readable medium / memory 1924', 1906' respectively. The additional memory module 1926 may also be regarded as a computer-readable medium / memory. Each computer-readable medium / memory 1924', 1906', 1926 may be non-transitory. The cellular baseband processor 1924 and the application processor 1906 are each responsible for general processing including the execution of software stored in the computer-readable medium / memory. When the software is executed by the cellular baseband processor 1924 / application processor 1906, it causes the cellular baseband processor 1924 / application processor 1906 to perform the various functions described above. The computer-readable medium / memory can also be used to store data that is manipulated by the cellular baseband processor 1924 / application processor 1906 when executing the software. The cellular baseband processor 1924 / application processor 1906 may be components of the UE 350 and may include at least one of the memory 360 and / or the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and the controller / processor 359. In one configuration, the device 1904 may be a processor chip (modem and / or application) and may include only the cellular baseband processor 1924 and / or the application processor 1906. In another configuration, the device 1904 may be the entire UE (e.g., see 350 in FIG. 3) and may include additional modules of the device 1904.

[0144] As described above, the sensing component 198 can be configured to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 198 can also be configured to select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 198 can also be configured to transmit at least one of a control channel message or a sensing signal for a second wireless device, the control channel message being transmitted via at least one available control channel resource and the sensing signal being transmitted via at least one available sensing signal resource. The sensing component 198 can also be configured to decode one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources after at least one available control channel resource has been selected. The sensing component 198 can also be configured to receive a configuration of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 198 can also be configured to receive an indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources.

[0145] The sensing component 198 may be within the cellular baseband processor 1924, the application processor 1906, or both the cellular baseband processor 1924 and the application processor 1906. The sensing component 198 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the described process / algorithm, may be implemented by one or more processors configured to execute the described process / algorithm, may be stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or may be some combination thereof. As shown, the device 1904 can include various components configured for various functions. In one configuration, the device 1904, particularly the cellular baseband processor 1924 and / or the application processor 1906, includes means for monitoring a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources. The device 1904 can also include means for selecting at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. The device 1904 can also include means for transmitting at least one of a control channel message or a sensing signal for a second wireless device, where the control channel message is transmitted via at least one available control channel resource and the sensing signal is transmitted via at least one available sensing signal resource. The device 1904 can also include means for decoding one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources after at least one available control channel resource has been selected. The device 1904 can also include means for receiving the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, where the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources.Device 1904 can also include means for receiving an indication of the use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. The means can be the sensing component 198 of device 1904 configured to perform the enumerated functions by the means. As described above, device 1904 can include a TX processor 368, an RX processor 356, and a controller / processor 359. Therefore, in one configuration, the means can be the TX processor 368, the RX processor 356, and / or the controller / processor 359 configured to perform the functions enumerated by the means.

[0146] FIG. 20 is a diagram 2000 showing an example of a hardware implementation form for network entity 2002. Network entity 2002 may be a BS, a component of a BS, or capable of implementing BS functions. Network entity 2002 may include at least one of CU 2010, DU 2030, or RU 2040. For example, depending on the layer functions processed by sensing component 199, network entity 2002 may include CU 2010, both CU 2010 and DU 2030, each of CU 2010, DU 2030, and RU 2040, both DU 2030 and DU 2030 and RU 2040, or RU 2040. CU 2010 may include CU processor 2012. CU processor 2012 may include on-chip memory 2012'. In some embodiments, CU 2010 may further include additional memory module 2014 and communication interface 2018. CU 2010 communicates with DU 2030 via a midhole link such as an F1 interface. DU 2030 may include DU processor 2032. DU processor 2032 may include on-chip memory 2032'. In some embodiments, DU 2030 may further include additional memory module 2034 and communication interface 2038. DU 2030 communicates with RU 2040 via a fronthole link. RU 2040 may include RU processor 2042. RU processor 2042 may include on-chip memory 2042'. In some embodiments, RU 2040 may further include additional memory module 2044, one or more transceivers 2046, antenna 2080, and communication interface 2048. RU 2040 communicates with UE 104. On-chip memories 2012', 2032', 2042' and additional memory modules 2014, 2034, 2044 can each be regarded as computer-readable media / memories. Each computer-readable media / memory may be non-transitory. Each of processors 2012, 2032, 2042 is responsible for general processing, including execution of software stored in the computer-readable media / memory.When executed by a corresponding processor(s), software causes the processor(s) to perform the various functions described above. A computer-readable medium / memory may also be used to store data that is manipulated by the processor(s) when the software is executed.

[0147] As described above, the sensing component 199 can be configured to receive a first message from a second wireless device, the first message being associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources, the set of sensing signal resources being associated with a set of control channel resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to transmit at least one of a control channel message via at least one available control channel resource or a sensing signal via at least one available sensing signal resource. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to send a request to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to decode one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources after at least one available control channel resource has been selected. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to receive the configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, the set of control channel resources to be monitored being associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to receive an indication of the use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, the set of control channel resources to be monitored being associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources.The sensing component 199 can also be configured to transmit a first message to a second wireless device, where the first message is associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to receive a request to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to decode one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources after at least one available control channel resource has been selected. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to receive a configuration of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, where the set of monitored control channel resources is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The sensing component 199 can also be configured to receive an indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, where the set of monitored control channel resources is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources.

[0148] The sensing component 199 may be in one or more processors of one or more of the CU 2010, DU 2030, and RU 2040. The sensing component 199 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the described process / algorithm, may be implemented by one or more processors configured to execute the described process / algorithm, may be stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or may be any combination thereof. The network entity 2002 can include various components configured for various functions. In one configuration, the network entity 2002 includes means for receiving a first message from a second wireless device, the first message being associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources, the set of sensing signal resources being associated with a set of control channel resources. The network entity 2002 can also include means for selecting at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. The network entity 2002 can also include means for transmitting at least one of a control channel message via at least one available control channel resource or a sensing signal via at least one available sensing signal resource. The network entity 2002 can also include means for transmitting a request to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. The network entity 2002 can also include means for decoding one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources after at least one available control channel resource has been selected. The network entity 2002 can also include means for receiving a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, the set of control channel resources to be monitored being associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources.The network entity 2002 can also include means for receiving an indication of the use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. The network entity 2002 can also include means for monitoring a set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. The network entity 2002 can also include means for selecting at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. The network entity 2002 can also include means for transmitting a first message to a second wireless device, where the first message is associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources. The network entity 2002 can also include means for receiving a request to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. The network entity 2002 can also include means for decoding one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources after at least one available control channel resource has been selected. The network entity 2002 can also include means for receiving a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The network entity 2002 can also include means for receiving an indication of the use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. The means can be the sensing component 199 of the network entity 2002 configured to perform the functions enumerated by the means. As described above, the network entity 2002 can include a TX processor 316, an RX processor 370, and a controller / processor 375.Accordingly, in one configuration, the means can be the TX processor 316, the RX processor 370, and / or the controller / processor 375 configured to perform the functions enumerated by the means.

[0149] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the blocks in the disclosed process / flowchart is an example of an illustrative approach. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the blocks in those process / flowcharts can be reconfigured. Furthermore, some blocks can be combined or omitted. The appended method claims present the elements of the various blocks in an illustrative order and are not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

[0150] The foregoing description has been provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Therefore, the claims are not intended to be limited to the aspects described herein, but rather should be accorded the full scope consistent with the language of the claims. References to elements in the singular are not intended to mean "only one" unless specifically so stated, but rather "one or more." The terms "if," "when," and "while" are not intended to mean an immediate temporal relationship or reaction. That is, these phrases, such as "when," do not mean an immediate action in response to or during the occurrence of an action, but simply mean that an action will occur if the condition is met, without requiring a specific or immediate temporal constraint for that action to occur. The term "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" should not necessarily be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects. Unless otherwise specified, the term "some" refers to one or more. Combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C," "one or more of A, B, or C," "at least one of A, B, and C," "one or more of A, B, and C," and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof" include any combination of A, B, and / or C, and may include multiple A's, multiple B's, or multiple C's.Specifically, combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C", "one or more of A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", "one or more of A, B, and C", and "A, B, C, or any combination thereof" can be only A, only B, only C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A, B, and C, and any such combination can include one or more elements of A, B, or C. A set should be construed as a set of elements where the number of elements is one or more. Thus, for a set of X, X will include one or more elements. When the first device receives data from the second device or transmits data to the second device, the data can be received / transmitted directly between the first device and the second device or indirectly between the first device and the second device via a set of devices. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later become known to those skilled in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are encompassed by the claims. Further, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether such disclosure is expressly recited in the claims. The terms "module", "mechanism", "element", "device", etc. may not be used as a substitute for the term "means". Therefore, no element of the claims should be construed as a means-plus-function unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase "means for".

[0151] As used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of information, one or more conditions, one or more factors, etc. In other words, the phrase "based on A" (where "A" can be information, a condition, a factor, etc.) should be construed as "based on at least A" unless otherwise specified.

[0152] The following aspects are merely exemplary and, without limitation, may be combined with other aspects or teachings described herein.

[0153] Aspect 1 is an apparatus for wireless communication in a first wireless device, comprising a memory and at least one processor coupled to the memory, wherein based at least in part on information stored in the memory, the at least one processor monitors a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources, selects at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources, transmits a control channel message for a second wireless device, and transmits and receives sensing signals, wherein the control channel message is transmitted via the at least one available control channel resource and the sensing signals are transmitted and received via the at least one available sensing signal resource.

[0154] Aspect 2 is the apparatus according to Aspect 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to decode one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources after the at least one available control channel resource is selected.

[0155] Aspect 3 is the apparatus according to Aspect 1 or 2, wherein the decoded one or more control channel resources are associated with a sensing resource conflict, and the at least one processor is further configured to reselect at least one available control channel resource and at least one available sensing signal resource based on the sensing resource conflict.

[0156] Aspect 4 is the apparatus according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein at least one processor is further configured to receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of monitored control channel resources is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources.

[0157] Aspect 5 is the apparatus according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, wherein the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources is received via downlink control information (DCI), and the configuration includes at least one of a sensing UE identifier (ID), a UE group ID, or a set of reference signal (RS) resource parameters.

[0158] Aspect 6 is the apparatus according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, wherein at least one processor is further configured to receive an indication of use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of monitored control channel resources is associated with the indication of use of the set of sensing signal resources.

[0159] Aspect 7 is the apparatus according to any one of Aspects 1 to 6, wherein the indication indicates at least one sensing signal resource to avoid use of the set of sensing signal resources.

[0160] Aspect 8 is the apparatus according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, wherein a set of control channel resources is associated with a first set of time-frequency resources, and a set of sensing signal resources is associated with a second set of time-frequency resources.

[0161] Aspect 9 is the apparatus according to any one of Aspects 1 to 8, wherein a first bandwidth of the first set of time-frequency resources is different from a second bandwidth of the second set of time-frequency resources.

[0162] Aspect 10 is the apparatus according to any one of Aspects 1 to 9, wherein a control channel message indicates a position of an associated sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources.

[0163] Aspect 11 is the apparatus according to any one of Aspects 1 to 10, wherein at least one of a control channel message or a sensing signal is transmitted based on periodicity.

[0164] Aspect 12 is the apparatus according to any one of Aspects 1 to 11, wherein a set of control channel resources and a set of sensing signal resources are associated with a monostatic sensing procedure.

[0165] Aspect 13 is the apparatus according to any one of Aspects 1 to 12, wherein the first wireless device is a first user equipment (UE), a first base station, a first network node, or a first network entity, and the second wireless device is a second UE, a second base station, a second network node, or a second network entity.

[0166] Aspect 14 is an apparatus for wireless communication in a first wireless device, comprising a memory and at least one processor coupled to the memory, wherein based at least in part on information stored in the memory, the at least one processor receives a first message from a second wireless device, the first message being associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources, the set of sensing signal resources being associated with a set of control channel resources, selects at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources, and is configured to transmit at least one of a control channel message via the at least one available control channel resource or a sensing signal via the at least one available sensing signal resource.

[0167] Aspect 15 is the apparatus according to aspect 14, further configured such that at least one processor transmits a request to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources.

[0168] Aspect 16 is the apparatus according to aspect 14 or 15, further configured such that at least one processor receives an indication of a sensing resource conflict from a second wireless device.

[0169] Aspect 17 is the apparatus according to any one of aspects 14 to 16, further configured such that at least one processor reselects at least one available control channel resource and at least one available sensing signal resource based on a sensing resource conflict.

[0170] Aspect 18 is the apparatus according to any one of aspects 14 to 17, further configured such that at least one processor receives a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources.

[0171] Aspect 19 is the apparatus according to any one of aspects 14 to 18, wherein the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources is received via downlink control information (DCI), and the configuration includes at least one of a sensing UE identifier (ID), a UE group ID, or a set of reference signal (RS) resource parameters.

[0172] Aspect 20 is the apparatus according to any one of aspects 14 to 19, further configured such that at least one processor receives an indication of the use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources.

[0173] Aspect 21 is the apparatus according to any one of aspects 14 to 20, wherein the indication indicates at least one sensing signal resource in order to avoid using a set of sensing signal resources.

[0174] Aspect 22 is the apparatus according to any one of aspects 14 to 21, wherein a set of control channel resources is associated with a first set of time-frequency resources, a set of sensing signal resources is associated with a second set of time-frequency resources, and a first bandwidth of the first set of time-frequency resources is different from a second bandwidth of the second set of time-frequency resources.

[0175] Aspect 23 is the apparatus according to any one of aspects 14 to 22, wherein a control channel message indicates a position of an associated sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources, at least one of the control channel message or the sensing signal is transmitted based on periodicity, the set of control channel resources and the set of sensing signal resources are associated with a monostatic sensing procedure or a bistatic sensing procedure, the first wireless device is a first user equipment (UE), a first base station, a first network node, or a first network entity, and the second wireless device is a second UE, a second base station, a second network node, or a second network entity.

[0176] Aspect 24 is a device for wireless communication in a first wireless device, including a memory and at least one processor coupled to the memory. Based at least in part on information stored in the memory, the at least one processor monitors a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources, selects at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources, and transmits a first message associated with the at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources to a second wireless device. The device is configured as such.

[0177] Aspect 25 is the device according to aspect 24, further configured such that the at least one processor receives a request to monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources.

[0178] Aspect 26 is the device according to aspect 24 or 25, further configured such that the at least one processor decodes one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources after at least one available control channel resource is selected.

[0179] Aspect 27 is the device according to any one of aspects 24 to 26, further configured such that the decoded one or more control channel resources are associated with a sensing resource conflict, and the at least one processor reselects at least one available control channel resource and at least one available sensing signal resource based on the sensing resource conflict.

[0180] Aspect 28 is the apparatus according to any one of aspects 24 to 27, wherein at least one processor is further configured to receive a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of monitored control channel resources is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources.

[0181] Aspect 29 is the apparatus according to any one of aspects 24 to 28, wherein a configuration of a set of sensing signal resources is received via downlink control information (DCI), and the configuration includes at least one of a sensing UE identifier (ID), a UE group ID, or a set of reference signal (RS) resource parameters.

[0182] Aspect 30 is the apparatus according to any one of aspects 24 to 29, wherein at least one processor is further configured to receive an indication of use of a set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and a set of monitored control channel resources is associated with the indication of use of the set of sensing signal resources.

[0183] Aspect 31 is the apparatus according to any one of aspects 24 to 30, wherein the indication indicates at least one sensing signal resource to avoid use of the set of sensing signal resources.

[0184] Aspect 32 is the apparatus according to any one of aspects 24 to 31, wherein a set of control channel resources is associated with a first set of time-frequency resources, a set of sensing signal resources is associated with a second set of time-frequency resources, and a first bandwidth of the first set of time-frequency resources is different from a second bandwidth of the second set of time-frequency resources.

[0185] Aspect 33 is the apparatus according to any one of aspects 24 to 32, wherein a set of control channel resources and a set of sensing signal resources are associated with a monostatic sensing procedure or a bistatic sensing procedure, the first wireless device is a first user equipment (UE), a first base station, a first network node, or a first network entity, and the second wireless device is a second UE, a second base station, a second network node, or a second network entity.

[0186] Aspect 34 is the apparatus according to any one of aspects 1 to 33, further comprising at least one of an antenna or a transceiver coupled to at least one processor.

[0187] Aspect 35 is a method of wireless communication for implementing any one of aspects 1 to 34.

[0188] Aspect 36 is an apparatus for wireless communication comprising means for implementing any one of aspects 1 to 34.

[0189] Aspect 37 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) storing computer-executable code which, when executed by at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to implement any one of aspects 1 to 34.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication in a first wireless device, comprising: a memory; at least one processor coupled to the memory; wherein, based at least in part on information stored in the memory, the at least one processor is configured to: monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources; select at least one available control channel resource from the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource from the set of sensing signal resources; transmit a control channel message for a second wireless device, and transmit and receive sensing signals, wherein the control channel message is transmitted via the at least one available control channel resource, and the sensing signals are transmitted and received via the at least one available sensing signal resource; an apparatus.

2. The at least one processor is further configured to: decode one or more control channel resources from the set of control channel resources after the at least one available control channel resource has been selected. The apparatus according to claim 1.

3. The decoded one or more control channel resources are associated with a sensing resource conflict, and the at least one processor is further configured to: reselect the at least one available control channel resource and the at least one available sensing signal resource based on the sensing resource conflict. The apparatus according to claim 2.

4. The at least one processor is further configured to: receive a configuration of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The apparatus according to claim 1.

5. The configuration of the set of sensing signal resources is received via downlink control information (DCI), and the configuration includes at least one of a sensing UE identifier (ID), a UE group ID, or a set of reference signal (RS) resource parameters.

6. The at least one processor is configured to: Further configured to receive an indication of use of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, wherein the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources The apparatus according to claim 1 **Claim 7** The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the indication indicates at least one sensing signal resource to avoid using the set of sensing signal resources **Claim 8** The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the set of control channel resources is associated with a first set of time-frequency resources, and the set of sensing signal resources is associated with a second set of time-frequency resources **Claim 9** The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein a first bandwidth of the first set of time-frequency resources is different from a second bandwidth of the second set of time-frequency resources **Claim 10** The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control channel message indicates a position of an associated sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources **Claim 11** The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the control channel message or the sensing signal is transmitted based on periodicity **Claim 12** The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the set of control channel resources and the set of sensing signal resources are associated with a monostatic sensing procedure **Claim 13** The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first wireless device is a first user equipment (UE), a first base station, a first network node, or a first network entity, and the second wireless device is a second UE, a second base station, a second network node, or a second network entity **Claim 14** An apparatus for wireless communication in a first wireless device, comprising a memory; at least one processor coupled to the memory; wherein, based at least in part on information stored in the memory, the at least one processor receives a first message from a second wireless device, the first message being associated with at least one available sensing signal resource within a set of sensing signal resources, the set of sensing signal resources being associated with a set of control channel resources Select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources, and transmit at least one of a control channel message via the at least one available control channel resource or a sensing signal via the at least one available sensing signal resource. It is configured as follows, Device.

15. The at least one processor is further configured to send a request to monitor the set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. The device according to claim 14.

16. The at least one processor is further configured to receive an indication of sensing resource contention from the second wireless device. The device according to claim 14.

17. The at least one processor is further configured to reselect the at least one available control channel resource and the at least one available sensing signal resource based on the sensing resource contention. The device according to claim 16.

18. The at least one processor is further configured to receive a configuration of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The device according to claim 14.

19. The configuration of the set of sensing signal resources is received via downlink control information (DCI), and the configuration includes at least one of a sensing UE identifier (ID), a UE group ID, or a set of reference signal (RS) resource parameters. The device according to claim 18.

20. The at least one processor is further configured to receive an indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. The device according to claim 14.

21. The device according to claim 20, wherein the indication indicates at least one sensing signal resource to avoid using the set of sensing signal resources.

22. The apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the set of control channel resources is associated with a first set of time-frequency resources, the set of sensing signal resources is associated with a second set of time-frequency resources, and a first bandwidth of the first set of time-frequency resources is different from a second bandwidth of the second set of time-frequency resources.

23. The control channel message indicates a position of an associated sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources, at least one of the control channel message or the sensing signal is transmitted based on periodicity, the set of control channel resources and the set of sensing signal resources are associated with a monostatic sensing procedure or a bistatic sensing procedure, the first wireless device is a first user equipment (UE), a first base station, a first network node, or a first network entity, and the second wireless device is a second UE, a second base station, a second network node, or a second network entity. The apparatus according to claim 14.

24. An apparatus for wireless communication in a first wireless device, comprising: a memory; at least one processor coupled to the memory; wherein, based at least in part on information stored in the memory, the at least one processor is configured to: monitor a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources; select at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources; transmit a first message associated with the at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources to a second wireless device. An apparatus configured as such.

25. The at least one processor is further configured to: receive a request to monitor the set of control channel resources associated with the set of sensing signal resources. The apparatus according to claim 24.

26. The at least one processor is configured to: After the at least one available control channel resource is selected, it is further configured to decode one or more control channel resources within the set of control channel resources. The apparatus according to claim 24. **Claim 27** The decoded one or more control channel resources are associated with detecting resource contention, and the at least one processor is further configured to reselect the at least one available control channel resource and the at least one available sensing signal resource based on the detected resource contention. The apparatus according to claim 26. **Claim 28** The at least one processor is further configured to receive a configuration of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources. The apparatus according to claim 24. **Claim 29** The apparatus according to claim 28, wherein the configuration of the set of sensing signal resources is received via downlink control information (DCI), and the configuration includes at least one of a sensing UE identifier (ID), a UE group ID, or a set of reference signal (RS) resource parameters. **Claim 30** The at least one processor is further configured to receive an indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources from at least one other wireless device, and the set of control channel resources to be monitored is associated with the indication of the use of the set of sensing signal resources. The apparatus according to claim 24. **Claim 31** The apparatus according to claim 30, wherein the indication indicates at least one sensing signal resource to avoid the use of the set of sensing signal resources. **Claim 32** The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the set of control channel resources is associated with a first set of time-frequency resources, the set of sensing signal resources is associated with a second set of time-frequency resources, and a first bandwidth of the first set of time-frequency resources is different from a second bandwidth of the second set of time-frequency resources. **Claim 33** The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the set of control channel resources and the set of sensing signal resources are associated with a monostatic sensing procedure or a bistatic sensing procedure, the first wireless device is a first user equipment (UE), a first base station, a first network node, or a first network entity, and the second wireless device is a second UE, a second base station, a second network node, or a second network entity.

34. A method of wireless communication in a first wireless device, comprising: monitoring a set of control channel resources associated with a set of sensing signal resources; selecting at least one available control channel resource within the set of control channel resources and at least one available sensing signal resource within the set of sensing signal resources; transmitting a control channel message for a second wireless device and receiving a sensing signal, wherein the control channel message is transmitted via the at least one available control channel resource and the sensing signal is received via the at least one available sensing signal resource; A method comprising the above.

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