Battery swapping system and its operation method

Abstract

The battery swapping system according to the present disclosure may include a main controller that acquires a target state of charge (SOC) of a target battery pack and compares it with a target SOC, an auxiliary battery pack that receives and stores power from the target battery pack when the target SOC exceeds the target SOC, and an impedance measuring device that measures an impedance with respect to the target battery pack when the target SOC and the target SOC match each other.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] [Cross - Reference to Related Applications] The embodiments disclosed in this document claim the benefit of priority based on Korean Patent Application No. 10 - 2022 - 0077855, filed on June 24, 2022, and all the contents disclosed in the literature of the Korean patent application are included as part of this specification.

[0002] The embodiments disclosed in this document relate to a battery swapping system for providing battery replacement services and an operating method thereof.

Background Art

[0003] Recently, research and development on secondary batteries have been actively carried out. A secondary battery is a battery that can be charged and discharged, and may include any of conventional Ni / Cd batteries, Ni / MH batteries, and recent lithium - ion batteries. Lithium - ion batteries have the advantage of much higher energy density compared to conventional Ni / Cd batteries, Ni / MH batteries, etc. Also, since lithium - ion batteries can be made small and lightweight, they are used as power sources for mobile devices. Recently, their range of use has been extended to power sources for electric vehicles and they have attracted attention as next - generation energy storage media.

[0004] Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy may be used to analyze the state of a battery and detect the operating characteristics of the battery over time. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy can quickly and accurately detect impedance, which is a factor that impedes electrical transmission when a chemical reaction occurs at the electrodes included in the battery. By detecting the impedance of the battery, the state of the battery can be quickly evaluated, and based on the evaluation, quality inspection of the battery, prediction of remaining life, and optimization of the charging method according to the battery state can be performed.

[0005] On the one hand, with the increasing interest and demand for electric moving means using large-capacity batteries such as electric vehicles, a service that automatically replaces exhausted batteries within a short time has attracted attention.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0006] One object of the embodiments disclosed in this document is to provide a battery swapping system and its operation method that can increase energy efficiency.

[0007] The technical problems of the embodiments disclosed in this document are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] A battery swapping system according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a main controller that acquires the target SOC (state of charge) of a target battery pack and compares it with a target SOC, an auxiliary battery pack that receives and stores power from the target battery pack when the target SOC exceeds the target SOC, and an impedance measuring device that measures the impedance of the target battery pack when the target SOC and the target SOC match each other.

[0009] An operation method of a battery swapping system according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a step of acquiring the target SOC (state of charge) of a target battery pack, a step of comparing the target SOC with a target SOC, a step of transmitting power from the target battery pack to an auxiliary battery pack and storing the power in the auxiliary battery pack when the target SOC exceeds the target SOC, and a step of measuring the impedance of the target battery pack when the target SOC and the target SOC match each other.

Advantages of the Invention

[0010] According to the battery swapping system and its operation method according to an embodiment disclosed in this document, the BSS itself can automatically set the SOC of the battery pack to the target SOC without the user having to spend time and effort externally consuming the battery in order to match the SOC of the battery pack to the target SOC, thereby providing a battery replacement service.

[0011] Also, when the SOC of the battery pack is greater than the target SOC, without wasting surplus power, the surplus power can be saved by utilizing the battery added in the BSS and preferentially used for charging the battery pack, thereby improving power efficiency.

[0012] In addition, various effects directly or indirectly understood through this document can be provided.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013]

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0014] Hereinafter, the embodiments disclosed in this document will be described in detail through exemplary drawings. When adding reference numerals to the components of each drawing, it should be noted that for the same components, as far as possible, they should have the same reference numerals even if they are shown on other drawings. In addition, when explaining the embodiments disclosed in this document, if a specific explanation of a related known configuration or function is determined to interfere with the understanding of the embodiments disclosed in this document, the detailed explanation thereof will be omitted.

[0015] When explaining the components of the embodiments disclosed in this document, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), (b), etc. may be used. Such terms are for distinguishing the components from other components, and the essence, order, or sequence of the components is not limited by such terms. Also, unless otherwise defined, all terms used here, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meaning as generally understood by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the embodiments disclosed in this document belong. Terms similar to those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the related technology, and should not be interpreted in an ideal and overly formal meaning unless clearly defined in this application.

[0016] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a battery management system according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0017] Referring to FIG. 1, a battery management system 10 (battery management system) according to an embodiment disclosed in this document may include a battery swapping system 100 (BSS, battery swapping system) and a battery station 200 (battery station). The battery management system 10 can provide general management services for batteries, such as battery analysis, evaluation, charging, replacement, etc. In this disclosure, the functions of the battery management system 10 will be described mainly centered around the battery replacement service.

[0018] The battery replacement service may mean a service that analyzes the state of the battery pack 50 to be serviced and replaces the battery pack 50 with another battery pack according to the analysis result. Such replacement may be automatically performed according to the settings of the administrator and / or user. Here, the battery pack 50 is a device attached to a target device (for example, an electric vehicle such as an EV (electrical vehicle), an electric scooter, an electric bicycle, etc.) to supply power for driving the target device, and may include a battery for storing power and a BMS (battery management system) for controlling the operation of the battery. The battery may include at least one battery cell that stores power under the control of the BMS. The BMS can control the charging and discharging of the battery, and according to one embodiment, can collect data serving as the basis for analyzing the state of the battery in response to an external request and transmit it to the outside.

[0019] The BSS100 is located at the battery station 200 and may perform a state analysis on the battery pack 50 connected to the BSS100, and replace or reuse (that is, not replace) the battery pack 50 with another battery pack according to the result of the state analysis. The BSS100 may itself perform a state analysis on the battery pack 50 and / or a judgment on whether the battery pack 50 needs to be replaced. However, according to other embodiments, at least some of the operations may be performed in cooperation with a server (for example, a cloud server) connected by a network. As an example, the BSS100 transmits information (for example, EIS information described later) serving as the basis for judging whether the battery pack needs to be replaced to the cloud server, and the cloud server judges whether the battery pack needs to be replaced based on the received information, so that information on whether the battery pack needs to be replaced can be transmitted to the BSS100.

[0020] The battery station 200 can accommodate the battery pack 50 and physically control the battery pack 50 under the control of the BSS100. According to one embodiment, the battery station 200 separates the battery pack 50 attached to the target device under the control of the BSS100 and connects it to the BSS100. After that, another battery pack is attached to the target device instead of the battery pack 50, and the battery pack 50 is moved to a predetermined storage area within the battery station 200 (i.e., alternation), or the battery pack 50 can be attached to the target device again under the control of the BSS100 (i.e., reuse). The storage area may be an area for temporarily storing the battery pack 50 classified as an alternation target.

[0021] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the BSS100 and the battery station 200 shown in FIG. 1 in more detail.

[0022] Referring to FIG. 2, the BSS100 may include a main controller 110, an EIS (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy) device 120, an EIS device connection part 125, a station controller 130, a supplemental battery pack 140, a first charger 150, and a second charger 160. In FIG. 2, a case where two battery packs 210 and 220 for receiving a battery alternation service are connected to the BSS100 is exemplarily shown. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any number (for example, three or more) of battery packs for receiving a battery alternation service may be connected to the BSS100. At this time, battery packs other than the battery packs 210 and 220 may be connected to the BSS100 through a connection structure corresponding to the battery packs 210 and 220.

[0023] The main controller 110 can control the overall operation of the BSS 100. Specifically, it can control the operations of the EIS device 120, the EIS device connection part 125, the station controller 130, the auxiliary battery pack 140, and the first and second chargers 150 and 160 respectively. In addition, the main controller 110 can receive the SOC (state of charge) information of the first battery pack 210 and the second battery pack 220 connected to the BSS 100 from the respective battery packs. Here, the SOC information indicates the current SOC of the battery pack, and the SOC may mean the charge state of the battery included in the battery pack, that is, the remaining capacity ratio. The BMS of the battery pack may calculate the remaining capacity ratio by dividing the currently available capacity of the battery by the total capacity of the battery. As an example, the remaining capacity ratio may be calculated as a percentage. According to other embodiments, the main controller 110 may not receive the SOC information from the BMS of the battery pack, but directly calculate the remaining capacity ratio of the battery with respect to the battery pack to obtain the SOC information.

[0024] In addition, the main controller 110 can perform a state analysis on the battery packs 210 and 220 based on the EIS information generated by the EIS device 120, and can determine whether the battery packs 210 and 220 need to be replaced based on the state analysis result. The EIS information may be information indicating the result of estimating the deterioration state and performance of the batteries of the battery packs 210 and 220 using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. For example, if the state analysis result based on the EIS information and the deterioration state and performance of the batteries of the battery packs 210 and 220 are below the reference level, the main controller 110 may determine that the battery packs 210 and 220 need to be replaced. Conversely, if the state analysis result based on the EIS information and the deterioration state and performance of the batteries of the battery packs 210 and 220 are above the reference level, the main controller 110 may determine that the battery packs 210 and 220 do not need to be replaced. In the present disclosure, a method for determining whether the battery packs 210 and 220 need to be replaced based on the EIS information will be described. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the main controller 110 may further use at least one additional piece of information (e.g., SOH (state of health), etc.) other than the EIS information to determine whether the battery packs 210 and 220 need to be replaced.

[0025] If the battery packs 210 and 220 need to be replaced, the main controller 110 may control the station controller 130 to move the battery packs 210 and 220 to the storage area and attach a new battery pack to the target device.

[0026] If the battery packs 210 and 220 do not need to be replaced, the main controller 110 may control the station controller 130 to attach the battery packs 210 and 220 to the target device again.

[0027] The EIS device 120 can measure the impedance of the batteries in the battery packs 210 and 220, calculate the impedance spectrum of the battery based on the measured impedance, and compare the calculated impedance spectrum of the battery with the equivalent circuit model of the battery to estimate the degradation state and performance of the battery and generate EIS information. According to one embodiment, the method of measuring the impedance of the battery may be a method of applying an alternating voltage to the battery while changing the frequency and analyzing the output alternating voltage received from the battery to calculate the impedance. For example, in FIG. 2, although only one signal line connected between the EIS device 120 and the battery packs 210 and 220 is shown, it may be a concept including a plurality of signal lines (such as an input power line, an output power line, a control signal line, etc.) for impedance measurement.

[0028] The EIS device 120 may also be referred to as an impedance measurement device. Further, the operation of the EIS device 120 to generate EIS information for the batteries in the battery packs 210 and 220 may be defined as an EIS measurement operation.

[0029] The EIS device connection part 125 can electrically connect or disconnect between the EIS device 120 and the battery packs 210 and 220 under the control of the main controller 110. According to one embodiment, the EIS device connection part 125 may include a third switch (SW3) connected between the EIS device 120 and the battery pack 210 to electrically connect or disconnect the EIS device 120 and the battery pack 210 from each other, and a fourth switch (SW4) connected between the EIS device 120 and the battery pack 220 to electrically connect or disconnect the EIS device 120 and the battery pack 220 from each other.

[0030] The station controller 130 can control the battery station 200 under the control of the main controller 110 to control the electrical connection and separation of each of the battery packs 210 and 220 accommodated in the battery station 200, and the movement between areas pre-divided within the battery station 200. As an example, the movement between pre-divided areas may be controlled by opening or closing a gate installed between the pre-divided areas, and the station controller 130 may control the movement of each of the battery packs 210 and 220 by controlling each of the plurality of gates of the battery station 200. The station controller 130 can perform physical control for the replacement or reuse of each of the battery packs 210 and 220 according to the determination result of the main controller 110 on whether each of the battery packs 210 and 220 needs to be replaced.

[0031] The auxiliary battery pack 140 may include a battery 145 and a battery connection part 147. The auxiliary battery pack 140 may include an internal configuration corresponding to each of the battery packs 210 and 220, and thus may include a BMS (not shown) for controlling the operation of the battery 145. The battery connection part 147 may be embodied as a part of the BMS, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it may have a configuration independent of the BMS.

[0032] Battery 145 is connected to each of battery packs 210 and 220, and may receive and store power from each of battery packs 210 and 220 to discharge each of battery packs 210 and 220, and may also transmit the power stored in each of battery packs 210 and 220 to each of battery packs 210 and 220 to charge them. The charging operation and discharging operation of battery 145 connected to each of battery packs 210 and 220 may be performed to make the SOC of each of battery packs 210 and 220 match the target SOC. That is, when the SOC of the battery pack is higher than the target SOC, power may be transmitted from the battery of the battery pack to battery 145. Also, when the SOC of the battery pack is lower than the target SOC, power may be transmitted from battery 145 to the battery of the battery pack. Such charging operation and discharging operation of battery 145 may be dynamically controlled by main controller 110 based on the SOC information of battery 145.

[0033] On the other hand, in order to discharge any one of the battery packs (for example, 210), the power of battery 145 received and stored from battery pack 210 may be transmitted to battery pack 220 to charge the other battery (for example, 220).

[0034] In order for EIS device 120 to obtain accurate EIS information for the battery pack, it may be required that the battery pack has a specific target SOC. That is, since the EIS information may change depending on the SOC of the battery pack, in order for the EIS information to accurately indicate the deterioration state and performance of the battery, impedance measurement and generation of EIS information for the battery pack must be performed under the condition that the SOC of the battery pack matches a predetermined target SOC. For example, the target SOC may be 50%, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0035] The battery connection unit 147 can electrically connect or disconnect between the battery 145 and the battery packs 210 and 220 under the control of the main controller 110. According to one embodiment, the battery connection unit 147 may include a first switch (SW1) connected between the battery 145 and the battery pack 210 to electrically connect or disconnect the battery 145 and the battery pack 210 from each other, and a second switch (SW2) connected between the battery 145 and the battery pack 220 to electrically connect or disconnect the battery 145 and the battery pack 220 from each other.

[0036] The first charger 150 can charge the first battery pack 210 under the control of the main controller 110. The first charger 150 can convert the power supplied from an external commercial power source into a power form that the first battery pack 210 can receive and supply power to the first battery pack 210. According to one embodiment, the first charger 150 can supply power until the SOC of the first battery pack 210 reaches 100% to buffer the first battery pack 210.

[0037] The second charger 160 can charge the second battery pack 220 under the control of the main controller 110. The second charger 160 can convert the power supplied from an external commercial power source into a power form that the second battery pack 220 can receive and supply power to the second battery pack 220. According to one embodiment, the second charger 160 can supply power until the SOC of the second battery pack 220 reaches 100% to buffer the second battery pack 220.

[0038] FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation method of BSS100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the S180 step shown in FIG. 3 in more detail.

[0039] Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, a flowchart of operations for performing EIS measurement and charging on the target battery pack before determining whether the target battery pack can be replaced or reused is shown. Here, the target battery pack may mean a battery pack targeted for battery replacement service. For example, the target battery pack may correspond to the first battery pack 210 or the second battery pack 220 in FIG. 2.

[0040] The main controller 110 can acquire the target SOC of the target battery pack and compare the target SOC of the target battery pack with the target SOC (S100).

[0041] When the target SOC of the target battery pack and the target SOC match each other (match in S100), the S125 step may be immediately performed. Here, the match may be a concept that includes not only the case where they physically match exactly, but also the case where the target SOC of the target battery pack is included within a certain range centered on the target SOC. Similarly, the excess may mean the case where it is greater than the upper limit value that is a predetermined value larger than the target SOC, and the shortage may mean the case where it is smaller than the lower limit value that is a predetermined value smaller than the target SOC. According to one embodiment, the certain range may be a range that is equal to or greater than the lower limit value and equal to or less than the upper limit value.

[0042] When the target SOC of the target battery pack exceeds the target SOC (excess in S100), the main controller 110 can charge the auxiliary battery pack 140 by controlling the auxiliary battery pack 140 to transfer power from the target battery pack to the auxiliary battery pack 140. For example, when the target battery pack is the first battery pack 210, the main controller 110 can charge the auxiliary battery pack 140 by short-circuiting the first switch (SW1).

[0043] The main controller 110 can acquire the target SOC of the target battery pack again and determine whether the target SOC of the target battery pack matches the target SOC (S120). According to one embodiment, step S120 may be performed according to a predetermined period.

[0044] If the target SOC of the target battery pack does not match the target SOC (No in S120), steps S110 and S120 may be repeated again.

[0045] If the target SOC of the target battery pack matches the target SOC (Yes in S120), the main controller 110 can control the auxiliary battery pack 140 to electrically separate the target battery pack and the auxiliary battery pack 140 to cut off power transmission, thereby interrupting the charging of the auxiliary battery pack 140. For example, if the target battery pack is the first battery pack 210, the main controller 110 can open the first switch (SW1).

[0046] In a state where the target SOC of the target battery pack matches the target SOC, the EIS measurement for the target battery pack is not immediately performed. Instead, the power supply device (i.e., the auxiliary battery pack or the target charger) electrically connected to the target battery pack is electrically separated from the target battery pack, and after waiting until a preset idle time elapses, it may be performed (S125).

[0047] When it is confirmed that the preset idle time has elapsed since the main controller 110 confirmed that the target SOC and the target SOC match each other, the main controller 110 can control the EIS device 120 so that the EIS device 120 performs an EIS measurement on the target battery pack. Also, for EIS measurement, the main controller 110 can control the EIS device connection part 125 to electrically connect the EIS device 120 and the target battery pack. For example, when the target battery pack is the first battery pack 210, the main controller 110 can short-circuit the third switch (SW1) to electrically connect the EIS device 120 and the first battery pack 210.

[0048] The EIS device 120 can perform an EIS measurement on the target battery pack to generate EIS information (S130). The EIS device 120 transmits the EIS information on the target battery pack to the main controller 110, and the main controller 110 performs a state analysis based on the EIS information, evaluates the degradation state and performance of the battery of the target battery pack, and can determine whether the target battery pack needs to be replaced. According to the determination result regarding whether the target battery pack needs to be replaced, after step S170, the main controller 110 can perform an operation for replacing or reusing the target battery pack via the station controller 130.

[0049] On the other hand, when the EIS measurement is completed, the main controller 110 can control the EIS device connection part 125 to electrically separate the EIS device 120 and the target battery pack. For example, when the target battery pack is the first battery pack 210, the main controller 110 can open the third switch (SW1) to electrically separate the EIS device 120 and the first battery pack 210.

[0050] Thereafter, the main controller 110 can determine whether the auxiliary battery pack 140 can be discharged (S140). For example, in step S110, the auxiliary battery pack 140 was charged. However, as described above, there may be at least one battery pack other than the target battery pack that can be connected to the auxiliary battery pack 140. As will be described later, since the power stored in the auxiliary battery pack 140 may be transmitted to at least one battery pack and the auxiliary battery pack 140 may be discharged, step S140 may be necessary.

[0051] If the auxiliary battery pack 140 does not discharge (No in S140), the main controller 110 can charge the target battery pack by controlling the auxiliary battery pack 140 to transmit power from the auxiliary battery pack 140 to the target battery pack (S150). For example, when the target battery pack is the first battery pack 210, the main controller 110 can short-circuit the first switch (SW1) to charge the target battery pack.

[0052] If the auxiliary battery pack 140 discharges (Yes in S140), the main controller 110 can charge the target battery pack by controlling the charger corresponding to the target battery pack (hereinafter referred to as the target charger) to transmit power from the target charger to the target battery pack (S160). At this time, if step S150 was performed before the discharge of the auxiliary battery pack 140, that is, when the auxiliary battery pack 140 and the target battery pack are electrically connected, before performing step S160, the main controller 110 can electrically separate the auxiliary battery pack 140 and the target battery pack.

[0053] For example, when the target battery pack is the first battery pack 210, the main controller 110 can control the first charger 150 to charge the target battery pack.

[0054] The main controller 110 can acquire the target state of charge (SOC) of the target battery pack and determine whether the target battery pack has buffered (S170). According to one embodiment, the step S170 may be performed according to a predetermined period.

[0055] When the target battery pack has buffered (Yes in S170), the main controller 110 controls the auxiliary battery pack 140 or the target charger to interrupt the current charging, and may perform operations for the replacement or reuse of the target battery pack via the station controller 130.

[0056] When the target battery pack has not buffered (No in S170), the step S140 may be performed again.

[0057] According to the above operation, preferentially, the main controller 110 charges the target battery pack by transmitting power from the auxiliary battery pack 140 to the target battery pack. However, when the auxiliary battery pack 140 discharges, the target battery pack can be charged until it buffers by transmitting power from the target charger to the target battery pack.

[0058] On the other hand, when the target SOC of the target battery pack is less than the target SOC (less than in S100), the main controller 110 can charge the target battery pack using the power of the auxiliary battery pack 140 or the target charger (S180).

[0059] In FIG. 4, the step S180 may be composed of detailed steps S182, S184, and S186.

[0060] The main controller 110 can determine whether the auxiliary battery pack 140 can be discharged (S182). For example, although the auxiliary battery pack 140 was not charged before the step S182, as described above, there may be at least one battery pack other than the target battery pack that can be connected to the auxiliary battery pack 140, and since there is a possibility that power is transmitted from at least one battery pack to the auxiliary battery pack 140 to charge the auxiliary battery pack 140, the step S182 may be necessary.

[0061] When the auxiliary battery pack 140 does not discharge (No in S182), the main controller 110 can charge the target battery pack by controlling the auxiliary battery pack 140 to transmit power from the auxiliary battery pack 140 to the target battery pack (S184). For example, when the target battery pack is the first battery pack 210, the main controller 110 can charge the target battery pack by short-circuiting the first switch (SW1).

[0062] When the auxiliary battery pack 140 discharges (Yes in S182), the main controller 110 can charge the target battery pack by controlling the target charger corresponding to the target battery pack to transmit power from the target charger to the target battery pack (S186). At this time, if the step S184 was performed before the discharge of the auxiliary battery pack 140, that is, when the auxiliary battery pack 140 and the target battery pack are electrically connected, before performing the step S186, the main controller 110 can electrically separate the auxiliary battery pack 140 and the target battery pack.

[0063] For example, when the target battery pack is the first battery pack 210, the main controller 110 can control the first charger 150 to charge the target battery pack.

[0064] After that, the main controller 110 can acquire the target SOC of the target battery pack again and determine whether the target SOC of the target battery pack matches the target SOC (S120). According to one embodiment, the step S120 may be performed according to a predetermined period.

[0065] Also, when the target SOC of the target battery pack does not match the target SOC, the step S180 may be performed again, and the steps S180 and S120 may be repeatedly performed until the target SOC of the target battery pack matches the target SOC.

[0066] According to the above operation, in a situation where the target SOC of the target battery pack is smaller than the target SOC, the main controller 110 preferentially transfers power from the auxiliary battery pack 140 to the target battery pack to charge the target battery pack. However, when the auxiliary battery pack 140 discharges, power is transferred from the target charger to the target battery pack to charge the target battery pack until the target SOC of the target battery pack matches the target SOC.

[0067] According to the present disclosure, in order to adjust the SOC of the battery pack to the target SOC, without the user having to spend time and effort consuming the battery externally, the BSS100 itself can automatically set the SOC of the battery pack to the target SOC, thereby providing a battery replacement service.

[0068] Also, when the SOC of the battery pack is larger than the target SOC, without wasting surplus power, the surplus power can be saved by utilizing the battery added in the BSS100 and preferentially used for charging the battery pack, thereby improving power efficiency.

[0069] FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of a computing system for performing an operation method of a battery management system according to an embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0070] Referring to FIG. 5, a computing system 1000 according to an embodiment disclosed in this document may include an MCU 1010, a memory 1020, an input / output I / F 1030, and a communication I / F 1040.

[0071] According to one embodiment, the computing system 1000 may be a system for performing the operation of the battery management system 10 or the battery swapping system 100 described above.

[0072] The MCU 1010 may be a processor that executes various programs stored in the memory 1020.

[0073] For example, the MCU 1010 may be a processor that processes various data and / or signals necessary for the main controller 110 to manage and control the battery management system 10.

[0074] The memory 1020 can store various programs and / or data necessary for managing and controlling the battery management system 10. A plurality of memories 1020 may be provided as necessary.

[0075] The memory 1020 may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory. As the volatile memory 1020, RAM, DRAM, SRAM, etc. may be used. As the non-volatile memory 1020, ROM, PROM, EAROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory (registered trademark), etc. may be used. The examples of the memory 1020 listed above are merely illustrative and are not limited to these examples.

[0076] The input / output I / F 1030 can provide an interface that can connect between an input device (not shown) such as a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, etc. and an output device such as a display (not shown) and the MCU 1010 to enable data transmission and reception.

[0077] The communication I / F 1040 is configured to be able to transmit and receive various data with an external configuration including a server, and may be various devices that can support wired or wireless communication.

[0078] As described above, the computer program according to an embodiment disclosed in this document may be recorded in the memory 1020 and implemented as a module that performs each operation of FIGS. 1 to 4 by being executed and processed by the MCU 1010.

[0079] The above description merely exemplarily explains the technical idea disclosed in this document. For those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the embodiments disclosed in this document belong, various modifications and variations are possible without departing from the essential characteristics of the embodiments disclosed in this document.

[0080] Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in this document are not for limiting the technical idea disclosed in this document, but for explanatory purposes. The scope of the technical idea disclosed by such embodiments is not limited. The protection scope of the technical idea disclosed in this document must be interpreted according to the following claims, and all technical ideas within the equivalent scope must be interpreted as being included in the scope of rights of this document.

Claims

1. A main controller that obtains the target SOC (state of charge) of the target battery pack and compares it with the target SOC, When the target SOC exceeds the target SOC, an auxiliary battery pack that receives and stores power from the target battery pack, When the target SOC and the target SOC match each other, an impedance measuring device that measures the impedance of the target battery pack, and a battery swapping system including the same.

2. When the target SOC is less than the target SOC, the auxiliary battery pack transmits power to the target battery pack. The battery swapping system according to claim 1.

3. When the auxiliary battery pack discharges, the battery swapping system according to claim 2, further including a target charger that charges the target battery pack.

4. The auxiliary battery pack receives and stores power from the target battery pack, and then transmits the stored power to another battery pack. The battery swapping system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

5. When the measurement of the impedance of the target battery pack is completed, the auxiliary battery pack transmits power to the target battery pack. The battery swapping system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

6. When the auxiliary battery pack discharges, the battery swapping system according to claim 5, further including a target charger that charges the target battery pack until the target battery pack buffers.

7. The impedance measuring device generates EIS information indicating a result of estimating the deterioration state and performance of the battery included in the target battery pack using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) based on the impedance measured for the target battery pack. The battery swapping system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

8. The main controller determines whether the target battery pack needs to be replaced based on the EIS information. The battery swapping system according to claim 7.

9. The battery swapping system according to claim 7, wherein the main controller transmits the EIS information to a cloud server and receives information regarding whether the target battery pack needs to be replaced based on the EIS information.

10. The battery swapping system according to claim 8, further comprising a station controller that performs physical control for replacing or reusing the target battery pack according to a determination result regarding whether the target battery pack needs to be replaced.

11. When it is confirmed that a predetermined idle time has elapsed since it was confirmed that the target SOC and the target SOC match each other, the main controller controls the impedance measuring device to measure the impedance of the target battery pack. The battery swapping system according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

12. The battery swapping system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the auxiliary battery pack can be electrically connected to a plurality of battery packs including the target battery pack.

13. Obtaining a target state of charge (SOC) of a target battery pack; Comparing the target SOC with a target SOC; When the target SOC exceeds the target SOC, transmitting power from the target battery pack to an auxiliary battery pack to store the power in the auxiliary battery pack; When the target SOC and the target SOC match each other, measuring an impedance of the target battery pack. A method of operating a battery swapping system including:

14. The method of operating a battery swapping system according to claim 13, wherein when the target SOC is less than the target SOC, the target battery pack is charged using the power stored in the auxiliary battery pack in preference to a target charger corresponding to the target battery pack.

15. When the measurement of the impedance for the target battery pack is completed, the method of operating the battery swapping system according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the target battery pack is charged using the power stored in the auxiliary battery pack prior to the target charger corresponding to the target battery pack.

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