Water pipe

Abstract

An electronic water pipe is disclosed that includes a heating chamber configured to heat a consumable during use. The heating chamber has an air inlet that allows air to be drawn across the consumable. A controller is configured to control the heating of the consumable in the heating chamber according to a predetermined heating profile over a period of use, and the predetermined heating profile changes over time. The heating profile may be in the form of a series of heating steps. A sensor of the water pipe detects an individual active use event initiated by a user of the device, such as an inhalation event, and the controller is configured to change the heating of the heating chamber in response to the detection of the active use event. The sensor may be a bubble sensor, such as an accelerometer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an electronic water pipe and related heating systems.

Background Art

[0002] A prior art hookah device is shown in WO 2015 / 172224 pamphlet. The device comprises an electronically heated heating chamber at its upper end configured to receive a capsule containing a smoking product. A user of the device inhales via a hose, drawing air into the capsule. The air carries the smoking product through a conduit to a water tank provided at the lower end of the device. The smoking product passes through the water and into the tank and then through the hose to the user. Thus, the device operates similarly to a conventional hookah pipe, but the heating of the smoking product is electronically controlled.

[0003] The device comprises a pressure sensor configured to detect a user's inhalation. The pressure sensor comprises a through passage connected to the smoking chamber to determine the pressure in the smoking chamber. The device may control the heating of the heating chamber accordingly. The inventor has found many problems with prior art inhalation sensing devices.

[0004] The shisha product may burn in an area close to the heated wall of the capsule before other areas of the shisha product in the capsule are consumed. This can, for example, reduce the user's experience during the later stages of a usage session and can also lead to inefficient / incomplete consumption of the shisha product, for example, resulting in a wasted or undesirably short usage session.

[0005] Hookah products generally produce a sticky or viscous material that coats the surface of the walls of the device after prolonged use. This can block or restrict passage, thereby affecting the accuracy of the pressure sensor. When the inlet of the system or other air flow paths are partially blocked, a small inhalation by the user can result in a large pressure drop. A large pressure may be interpreted by the pressure sensor as a large flow rate through the system, even though the flow rate is actually restricted by an obstacle. The general configuration of the system means that during inhalation, the smoking chamber experiences a pressure drop before the air flow is directed through the heating chamber due to the formation of air bubbles passing through the conduit. Thus, the air flow through the heating chamber lags behind the detected pressure drop, thereby reducing the accuracy of the system. Variations in the temperature of the air flow also affect pressure measurement and can therefore make it difficult to determine the flow rate. Thus, it can be seen that sensing the pressure of the device provides a sub-optimal means for detecting the user's inhalation.

[0006] Furthermore, it has been proposed that various different compositions for vaporizing to deliver vapor / aerosol to the user using an electronic water pipe device can be vaporized. Each of such consumables may behave differently when heated, and thus there is a problem that a non-uniform experience is achieved by the user depending on the type of product used. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION

[0007] An object of the present invention is to overcome or improve one or more of the above problems and to provide an improved inhalation detection system. MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM

[0008] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heating chamber configured to heat a consumable during use, the heating chamber comprising an air inlet enabling air to be drawn across the consumable.

[0009] A controller configured to control the heating of a consumable in a heating chamber according to a predetermined heating profile over a period of use, wherein the predetermined heating profile changes over time, and the controller, and an electronic water pipe comprising the controller are provided.

[0010] The water pipe typically comprises a coolant reservoir in fluid communication with the heating chamber so as to be able to cool the air drawn over the consumable. The coolant reservoir is typically downstream of the heating chamber.

[0011] The period of use may include different stages, for example sequentially over that period. A series of stages may be predetermined.

[0012] The heating profile may include a temperature and / or power profile. The heating profile may include a maximum temperature and / or power profile. Accordingly, one or more control parameters of the electric heater of the water pipe may be controlled, for example current, power, or signal control.

[0013] The predetermined heating profile may vary according to different stages of use including two or more of an initial warm-up stage, a normal consumption stage, and a controlled final stage. The warm-up stage may be controlled to achieve an initial temperature peak different from (i.e., higher or lower than) the normal consumption stage and / or the controlled final stage. The warm-up stage may have a different power or maximum power setting from the normal consumption stage and / or the controlled final stage.

[0014] The profile may include a substantially constant temperature during normal use.

[0015] The controlled final stage may include a stage subsequent to the predetermined heating profile. The controlled final stage may include an incremental or stepwise temperature decrease.

[0016] The predetermined profile may include a default or background heating profile for continuous heating or temperature adjustment of the consumable by the controller over a period of use.

[0017] The water pipe may comprise a sensor configured to detect an individual active usage event initiated by a user of the device, and the controller is configured to change the heating of the heating chamber in response to detection of the active usage event during that period. The sensor is typically not a temperature sensor, for example, is separate from or additional to a temperature sensor.

[0018] Individual usage events may include events that cause a negative pressure in the water pipe, such as in the heating chamber and / or coolant reservoir, for example. Individual usage events may include an air / vapor flow through the water pipe, such as through the heating chamber and / or coolant reservoir. Individual specification events may include user input indicating or anticipating any such event.

[0019] The period of use may include a usage session. The period of use may include a period exceeding 1 minute, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 20 minutes, 30 minutes or 40 minutes. The period of use may include a period up to 1 hour or more than 1 hour. Any of the individual stages may have a duration of at least 1 minute.

[0020] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic water pipe comprising a heating chamber configured to heat a consumable during use, the heating chamber comprising an air inlet enabling air to be drawn over the consumable, a coolant reservoir in fluid communication with the heating chamber to enable the air drawn over the consumable to be cooled, a controller for controlling the heating of the consumable in the heating chamber, and a vibration sensor configured to detect the formation of bubbles in the coolant reservoir.

[0021] The vibration sensor may comprise a motion sensor such as an inertial sensor, an accelerometer.

[0022] The controller may control the heating of the consumable at least partially based on the output of the vibration sensor.

[0023] According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a water pipe as claimed in appended claim 1. Any features are defined in the appended claims.

[0024] According to a further aspect, there is provided an electronic water pipe controller including machine-readable instructions for the operation of a water pipe according to any other aspect of the invention. According to a further aspect, there is provided a data carrier or data storage medium including machine-readable instructions for controlling an electronic water pipe according to any other aspect of the invention.

[0025] Any feature defined in relation to any one aspect of the invention may, where practicable, be provided in combination with any other aspect of the invention.

[0026] The rate of change of thermal energy of the consumable is controlled to prevent combustion, i.e., the power is controlled, which may be different from controlling the maximum temperature or desired / target temperature of the consumable. It has been found that by considering the specific thermal conductivity of the consumable and controlling the power accordingly, complete consumption can be reliably achieved while avoiding combustion of the consumable.

[0027] Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, executable embodiments of the invention will be described in further detail by way of mere example.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028]

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DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0029] A water pipe (e.g., a hookah device) 2 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Generally, the device 2 is configured to heat a consumable / vaporizable product 3 to enable its inhalation by a user.

[0030] The consumable may include any suitable shape. In this example, the consumable is supplied to the capsule 40 (shown in FIG. 1). The consumable 3 may include any suitable shape or composition. The consumable includes a "mist maker". The mist maker is configured to generate clouds when vaporized. The mist maker includes a volatile material configured to provide a light-scattering cloud in a vaporized state. The mist maker may include, for example, a polyol.

[0031] The consumable may include a sweetener. The sweetener may include a carbohydrate sweetener, a disaccharide, a polysaccharide, and / or a mixture with one or more artificial or natural sugars. The sweetener may be molasses; invert syrup; corn (maize) syrup; maple syrup; golden syrup; in some embodiments, the sweetener may include one or more of high fructose corn syrup (also known as glucose-fructose isoglucose and glucose-fructose syrup).

[0032] The consumable may include a flavorant. The flavorant may include, inter alia, mint; for example, peppermint and spearmint; chocolate; liquid; citrus and other fruit flavors; gamma octalactone; vanilla; ethylvanillin; or one or more of a bad breath fragrance flavor. The flavorant may include a spice, a plant extract or an essential oil. The flavorant may include a food-based or fruit-based flavorant. The aforementioned sweetener may include an example of a flavorant, but both a sweetener and a further flavoring agent may be provided.

[0033] The consumable, such as its flavorant, may include a stimulant.

[0034] In some embodiments, the stimulant is provided by a plant-based extract that forms part of the flavorant. The plant extract may include one or more of coffee; black tea; green tea; matcha; yerba mate; kola nut; cocoa; ginseng; guarana; or cannabinoids such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or cannabidiol (CBD). In other embodiments, the stimulant may include an additive provided in addition to the flavorant.

[0035] The product may contain a colorant. The colorant can provide a colored product 30 and / or smoke. The colorant includes a colorant that is safe for food, pharmaceuticals, or cosmetics. The colorant includes a water-soluble colorant. The colorant includes a plant-based colorant, such as beet juice; brazilwood; caramel; carminic acid; litmus; wood; fruit trees; or saffron, among others. In some embodiments, the colorant includes an artificial colorant.

[0036] In certain embodiments, the consumable includes a shisha or Mu’assel. The consumable may include tobacco or a tobacco substitute, and the tobacco may be shredded or atomized in other ways and mixed with any of the aforementioned consumables. The consumable may be provided as a viscous semi-solid. The consumable may include a nicotine component, additives, and / or substitutes.

[0037] The capsule containing the consumable is configured to be heated by the device 2. The device 2 may be a tabletop device, portable, or handheld.

[0038] The device includes a head portion 4. The head portion 4 is configured to accommodate the consumable capsule during use. The device 2 typically receives the capsule on or with the head portion 4. The head portion 4 is provided at the upper end of the device during use. The head portion 4 has a disc or lenticular / convex shape.

[0039] The device 2 comprises a base portion 6. The base portion provides a reservoir, for example a container or tank for a coolant 8 (for example water). The base portion 6 is generally bulbous or rounded. The base portion 6 comprises a flat lower surface 10 to enable the device 2 to remain upright. The lower surface 10 may comprise a grip member (for example a rubber pad). The base portion 6 comprises a transparent material. This enables the user to ensure that the water level is correct. The base 6 can comprise glass. The base 6 can comprise one or more of a transparent polymer, for example, acrylic (PMMA); butyrate; polycarbonate; PET; or PETG.

[0040] The neck portion 12 connects the base 6 and the head 4. The neck portion 12 tapers towards the head portion 4. The base portion 6 and the neck portion 12 can have a pear or tear shape. The head portion 4 is wider than the neck 12 at their interface. Thus, the head portion 4 extends outwardly from the neck portion. Thus, the head portion 4 provides a flange or rim. The neck portion 12 provides a grip / handle for the user.

[0041] The neck portion 12 comprises an electronics compartment, details of which are described later.

[0042] The head portion 4 and the neck portion 12 are detachable from the base portion 6. Thus, the electronics compartment is separable from the base 6. This enables access to the reservoir and the addition / removal of coolant (water) therefrom.

[0043] The device 2 has a generally circular cross-section (i.e., in the up-down direction). However, it will be appreciated that the device may have any suitable cross-sectional shape, for example, triangular, square, hexagonal, octagonal, semi-circular, crescent-shaped, or other polygonal or complex shape. The cross-sectional shape may vary along the axial length of the device 2. The device 2 comprises a thermally and / or electrically insulating material. Typically, the device 2 comprises a polymeric material.

[0044] A hose 14 is connected to the device 2. The hose 14 is removably attached. This enables the hose 14 to be removed for cleaning and / or storage. The hose 14 is received at the opening of the neck portion 12 or the socket 16. Thus, the hose 14 is fluidly contained inside the base 6. The hose 14 is attached by an interference fit or a friction fit. The hose connector 18 and / or the opening 16 can include a high-friction material (e.g., rubber). The connector 18 tapers towards the end. In other embodiments, the hose may be attached to the device 2 via one or more of: fasteners; latches; threads; indent / detent configurations; clamps or other suitable means.

[0045] In some embodiments, the hose 14 may be connected to the device 2 via a snap fit or a click fit. Typically, an elastically biased detent is provided either on the device 2 or the connector 18. The detent is configured to snap fit into a corresponding recess / groove in the connector 18 or the device 2 accordingly. The detent may be biased via a spring or the like. In some embodiments, the detent may comprise an arcuate or annular ring. The detent is received in an arcuate / annular recess of a corresponding shape.

[0046] The hose 14 is flexible. The hose 14 can include a flexible polymer. The hose 14 comprises a mouthpiece 20. The mouthpiece 20 may be removable / detachable from the hose 14. The mouthpiece 20 may comprise a removable cover or the like (e.g., to improve hygiene between multiple users).

[0047] The head 4 comprises a lid 22 for providing access thereto. This enables the insertion of a consumable capsule that houses a smoking product. The lid 22 is pivotally / hingedly attached to the device 2. The lid 22 is provided at the upper end of the device 2. Thus, the consumable is loaded at the upper end of the device. The lid 22 may or may not have a circular / circular shape in a plane.

[0048] As shown in FIG. 3, the heater 24 is attached to the device 2. The heater 24 is attached to the electronic equipment compartment 12 and / or the head portion 4. The heater 24 is configured to receive the capsule 40. The heater 24 heats the capsule during use to vaporize or disperse one or more components of the smoking article. The wall 26 of the heater 24 is shaped to define a heating chamber 24a that conforms to the shape of the capsule. In this example, the side walls of the heater 24 conform to the capsule. Thus, the capsule makes a tight fit with the heater 24 / chamber 24a during use, for example, to enable good thermal contact for heating the capsule and to prevent air from bypassing the capsule during use.

[0049] The wall 26 has a concave shape. Typically, the wall 26 is trapezoidal or frustoconical.

[0050] The heater 24 surrounds or encloses the capsule during use. Thus, the heating chamber 24a forms an oven or cavity in which the capsule is received. The lid 22 closes the heating chamber 24a. Thus, the heating chamber is sealed / enclosed during use. One or more heating elements of the heater 24 may be provided on, within, and / or integral with the wall 26 of the heating chamber 24. The heating chamber 24 includes a thermally conductive material (e.g., metal). Thus, heat enters the capsule through the wall 26 of the heating chamber 24 during use.

[0051] In other embodiments, the heating means is moved from the heating chamber. For example, the heating means may surround or enclose the heating chamber, or may be spaced apart from the heating chamber. The heating means can project or direct a beam or air flow onto the heating chamber.

[0052] Typically, the heating means comprises a resistive element (i.e., heated by the current flowing through it). The resistive element may be formed directly on the wall 26 of the heating chamber 24a or may be integral with the wall 26. However, any means suitable for heating the heating chamber 24a and / or the capsule may be used, such as induction heating, microwave heating, infrared heating, convective heating (e.g., the heating element is displaced away from the wall of the heating chamber 26), electronically controlled combustion heating (e.g., using gas or other fuel), and / or oil heating, and one or more of these may be used.

[0053] As best seen in FIG. 1, the lid 22 comprises an air inlet 28. Thus, the heating chamber 24a comprises one or more air inlets 28 for admitting air into the heating chamber. This air then mixes with the vaporized / heated product in the heating chamber 24a. The air inlet 28 enables passage through the lid 22 (i.e., the inlet 28 provides a channel through the lid 22). The air inlet 28 is provided in the central portion of the lid 22. Thus, the air inlet 28 is provided over the heating chamber and / or the capsule in use. The air inlet 28 may comprise a plurality of openings or perforations. The air inlet 28 may comprise a grill or mesh to prevent debris from entering the inlet 28.

[0054] The heater 24 may be controlled by the electronics in the electronics compartment 12 (e.g., via a heater controller). The electronics may comprise a microcontroller / microprocessor, memory (volatile and / or non-volatile), and / or an electrical regulation circuit (e.g., a power limiter and / or a controller). The electronics compartment 12 comprises any components suitable for effecting the heating of the heater 24.

[0055] The device 2 may be provided with a communication interface. The communication interface may be wired and / or wireless. The wired interface may include a USB or Ethernet (registered trademark) interface (e.g., a USB port). The wireless interface may include an interface for communication via one or more of Wifi, Bluetooth (registered trademark), NFC, infrared, cellular (e.g., GSM (registered trademark), 3G, 4G, 5G, etc.). The device 2 may be provided with any suitable antenna for wireless communication.

[0056] The device is provided with a power source. The power source can supply power to the heater 24 (e.g., heating element 25) and / or the heater controller. The power source may be a commercial power source (e.g., via wiring, etc.). In addition to or instead of this, the power source may include a battery, etc. The battery may be removable and / or rechargeable. The power transmission to the device 2 may be wireless. The battery may be wirelessly rechargeable.

[0057] A power switch 30 or the like may be provided. Thus, the device 2 and / or the heater 24 may be manually controlled (activated / stopped). The switch may include a push switch or a touch interface.

[0058] The supply of power to the heater 24 (or an alternative heater according to other embodiments) is controlled by a controller according to an aspect of the present invention. This controls the temperature of the consumable 3 according to any thermal inertia resulting from the thermal conductivity of the product 3, the capsule 40, and / or the heater 24. The heating power can be controlled by the control of current, voltage, resistance, pulse width modulation, or other conventional power control means.

[0059] Device 2 includes an indicator 32. The indicator includes a light (e.g., an LED). Indicator 32 can indicate the power level to heater 24 and / or its temperature. Indicator 32 includes a series of lights. Thus, the number of lit lights can indicate the power level / temperature of heater 24. In some embodiments, indicator 32 may include a display or the like. The display may be interactive (e.g., a touch screen).

[0060] Heating chamber 24 is operably connected to coolant / water tank 6 via conduit 34. Thereby, heating chamber 24a and tank 6 are fluidly connected. Conduit 34 provides a pipe, tube, or channel. Conduit 34 is generally sealed with respect to heating chamber 24a to prevent air leakage therefrom. Conduit 34 extends to tank 6. Thus, conduit 34 extends into the cooling fluid / water during use. The conduit may include a one-way valve to prevent backflow into heating chamber 24.

[0061] Conduit 34 passes through the electronics compartment / neck 12. Thus, conduit 34 seals or separates heating chamber 24 and / or the vaporized products from the electronics compartment to prevent their contamination. The electronics compartment includes a cavity or hollow for housing conduit 34. The cavity is fluidly isolated from heating chamber 24 and / or tank 6.

[0062] One of the plurality of batteries, battery 35, surrounds or encircles conduit 34. Thereby, a compact configuration is achieved. Thus, conduit 34 passes through the battery device or compartment. Typically, the battery includes a cylindrical cell arrangement. The cells are arranged around conduit 34. 4 to 8 cells can be used. In some embodiments, battery 35 is spaced from conduit 34 to reduce heat transfer therebetween. For example, battery 35 may be mounted to the casing of neck portion 12 or supported by a chassis or the like.

[0063] The conduit 34 includes a diffuser 36. The diffuser 36 is typically provided at the end 38 of the conduit 34. The diffuser may include a plurality of openings or the like. The end 38 of the conduit 34 may be closed / sealed (i.e., so that all air passes through the diffuser). Alternatively, the end 38 of the conduit 34 may be open. The end 38 may be narrowed or otherwise constricted. In use, air enters through the air inlet 28 and into the heating chamber 24. The air then entrains the vaporized smoking product into the heating chamber 24. The air then enters the conduit 34 and passes through the coolant in the tank 8. The air and / or vapor is cooled and / or filtered by the coolant. The air then bubbles through the coolant into the hose 20. Typically, the air flow is supplied by the negative pressure from the user (i.e., at the mouthpiece 20). In some embodiments, the device 2 may include a pump or fan to supply some or all of the air flow through the device.

[0064] When a capsule is used, one or more porous walls are provided in the capsule to allow air to enter the capsule and / or to allow the vaporized product to escape therefrom. The porosity may be provided by openings or perforations in one or more sides of the capsule. The openings are typically less than 5 mm in diameter.

[0065] The heating chamber 24a is shown in more detail in FIGS. 4 and 5. The capsule 40 is configured to be received in the heating chamber 24. Generally, the capsule 40 makes a tight fit with the heating chamber to provide good heat transfer therebetween. The capsule includes a closure / cover 42. The closure 42 includes an opening 44. Similar openings are provided in the opposing side / wall (e.g., base or bottom surface) of the capsule 40 in the orientation shown. The capsule 40 includes a rim 46. The rim 46 abuts against the upper edge / rim 48 of the heating chamber 24. The closure 42 may be deformed (e.g., crimped) onto the rim 46 or otherwise fixed.

[0066] The capsule 40 is provided with an indicator 50. The indicator 50 comprises an indicator as described in British Patent Application Publication No. 2209401.5, which is incorporated herein by reference. In the present embodiment, the indicator 50 comprises an electronic memory device. The memory is either ROM or rewritable. The indicator is provided on a carrier 52. The carrier 52 is mounted on the rim 46 of the capsule 40. The carrier 52 is configured to engage with or be received by the rim 46. The carrier 52 may be removably attached to the capsule 40. The carrier 52 is in the shape of a crescent moon.

[0067] The indicator 50 is mounted on a tab portion 54. The tab 54 extends outwardly from the carrier 52. Accordingly, the tab extends outwardly from the capsule 40. The tab 54 is arc-shaped. The tab 54 may be lifted with respect to the surface of the closure body 42. The indicator 50 may be mounted on the carrier 52 or held together with the carrier 52. For example, the indicator 50 may be co-molded with the carrier 52.

[0068] A communication interface 56 is configured to read / interrogate the indicator 50. The interface 56 can be provided on a PCB 58. The PCB 58 is provided proximal to the heating chamber 24. The PCB 58 may be mounted on a chassis or a support structure. The chassis can support the components of the heating chamber 24 and / or the head 4.

[0069] The communication interface 56 comprises a wireless communication interface. The wireless communication interface may comprise an NFC, Bluetooth (RTM), and / or RFID interface. The wireless communication is typically short-range, for example less than 100 cm, preferably less than 50 cm, preferably less than 5 cm. The indicator 50 is accordingly configured for wireless communication.

[0070] The interface 56 includes an antenna 60. The antenna 60 is configured to communicate operably with the indicator 50. The antenna 60 is in the vicinity of the indicator 50 / capsule 40. The antenna 60 is spaced apart from the indicator 50 and / or the capsule 40. Thereby, unwanted heat transfer between them is prevented. The antenna 60 is laterally spaced from the indicator / capsule (see FIG. 5). The antenna 60 is axially spaced from the indicator / capsule (i.e., provided above the indicator / capsule during use). The antenna 60 is curved. The antenna 60 is curved in the direction towards the capsule 40. This may help the antenna 60 to communicate with the indicator 50.

[0071] Generally, it can be seen that the device 2 is configured to communicate with the capsule 40 when the capsule 40 is inserted / received / received in the heating chamber 24. This enables the device 2 to communicate with the capsule 24 configured to be heated.

[0072] The indicator 50 can include information / data regarding one or more parameters or characteristics of the capsule 40 and / or the consumable / vaporized product contained therein. The indicator 50 can include, inter alia:

[0073] · Data regarding one or more of the one or more flavorings of the consumable. This can include a wide range of qualitative indicators (e.g., "sweet" or "sour") and / or specific qualitative flavors (e.g., "strawberry" or "bubble gum").

[0074] · One or more components of the consumable This can include a list of all or part of the components (e.g., active ingredients). The list can include the weight / volume and / or relative proportions of one or more components. One or more allergens can be indicated. The indicator 50 can indicate whether the consumable includes tobacco and / or nicotine-containing products.

[0075] · Composition or type of the consumable This can indicate the general form of the consumable, for example, whether the smoking product includes tobacco, inert beads, paste, and / or combinations thereof. · Amount of the consumable (e.g., weight / volume) and / or size of the capsule 40 (e.g., weight / volume / dimensions) · Heating temperature of the consumable This indicates the preferred or optimal temperature of the consumable during heating to ensure an optimal experience.

[0076] · Heating profile and / or power profile of the consumable This indicates the preferred or optimal temperature-time-dependent profile of the consumable during heating to ensure an optimal consumable experience. This will be described in detail later.

[0077] · Rest profile for determining the length and / or temperature of the rest event. The rest profile may be customized by the user. The rest profile can determine the length of each use session and / or provide the corresponding heating profile when the session is not in a rest state.

[0078] · Data related to the manufacture or distribution of the capsule 40 For example, batch number, manufacturing date and time, quality control marker, manufacturer identifier, supplier identifier. One or more of the retailer identifier.

[0079] · Data related to the integrity of the consumable such as expiration date or shelf life This may be provided by a heat exposure indicator (e.g., thermochromic pigment). In some embodiments, the device 2 can write data to the indicator 50 to indicate that the capsule 40 has been heated or used. Thus, the indicator 50 can include a marker or flag.

[0080] · Data for authenticating the capsule 40. With this, the user can confirm that the capsule 40 is genuine. The authentication can include a unique code / cipher, hash, authentication token, and / or signature. This can be verified against a database of known codes (for example, using an internet-connected database). In some embodiments, the data can include a self-verifying code / string. For example, the code can include one or more check digits or checksums.

[0081] · Usage restrictions. This may include age restrictions. For example, in this case, the consumables include tobacco, alcohol, caffeine, or other age-restricted products. The age restriction can indicate a number (for example, 16, 18, or 21), and / or can be qualitative (for example, "child", "adult", etc.). In some embodiments, the consumables and / or a specific capsule 40 may be associated with a specific user or class of users. For example, this can be used when the consumable includes other controlled ingredients such as prescription drugs or marijuana. The data can include a user ID. The data can include a user name and / or a unique code.

[0082] · Checksum. The checksum can be used to verify the data stored in the indicator 50 and / or a part thereof.

[0083] It can be understood that the parameters may be stored as database fields, etc. Thus, the device 2 can extract and / or process any of the fields as needed.

[0084] The heating profile 62 of the capsule 40 and / or the consumable 3 is shown in FIG. 6. The heating profile 62 defines the optimal or preferred heating temperature of the capsule 40 and / or the consumable 3 as a function of time or as a plot of the desired temperature over time (e.g., where no explicit mathematical relationship applies). The plot / profile can include a continuous profile over time or a plurality of discrete temperatures (e.g., including at least the points where the temperature changes or where a preceding change ends).

[0085] The heating profile 62 can be determined / stipulated using any suitable mathematical method, formula, or algorithm, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. Typically, the heating profile depends on one or more of the type / composition of the consumable 3, the weight / volume of the consumable 3, and / or optionally one or more of the geometric properties of the capsule, such as the shape, volume, wall thickness of the capsule.

[0086] In some embodiments, the heating profile 62 can be fixed or standardized for a particular consumable and / or capsule 40. Thus, the indicator 50 of each capsule 40 that houses the product contains substantially the same heating profile data.

[0087] In other embodiments, the heating profile 62 can vary between different capsules 40 that house the same consumable. This can allow for variations in the heating profile 62 to account for, for example, variations in the manufacture of the consumable due to different temperatures, humidities, or starting materials of the capsule or different masses of the consumable material.

[0088] The temperature of the capsule 40 is generally controlled by controlling the temperature or the heat / energy output of the heater 24. Typically, the output of the heater 10 is controlled by varying the power. Thus, the heating profile 62 may include or be similar to a power profile for controlling the apparatus 2. The heating profile can be converted by the apparatus 2 into a power control profile, i.e., control instructions for the heater. However, it can be understood that there is a delay in the temperature change of the consumable 3 compared to the power supplied to the heater 24. Further, based on any variations in the thermal conductivity of the consumable 3 and the product distribution of the capsule, there are variations in the temperature through the consumable 3. Thus, in various embodiments, the changes in temperature and power can include separate parameters / profiles that can be controlled separately. For example, the temperature profile can include a maximum or ideal temperature, and there can be an ideal or maximum output that can be used, for example, to control the rate of change of temperature (with a time lag as described above).

[0089] The apparatus 2 comprises a monitoring system for monitoring the temperature of the heater 24 and / or the capsule 40. The monitoring system may comprise a thermometer operably connected or engaged to the heater 24 and / or the capsule 40. The thermometer may comprise one or more of a thermocouple, an infrared thermometer, an electrical resistance thermometer, etc. The monitoring system may separately monitor the supply of power to the heater according to one or more electrical parameters.

[0090] The hookah device 2 may be configured to heat the capsule 40 at a plurality of different temperatures. Accordingly, the heating profile 62 includes a plurality of different temperatures (i.e., different temperature levels). This provides a plurality of different heating stages. For example, the heating profile 62 includes a first temperature 70 and a subsequent second temperature 72. The heating profile may be maintained at a given temperature for a predetermined period 74. The first temperature 70 and / or the associated power may be greater than the second temperature 72 and / or the associated power, for example, to quickly and uniformly bring the consumables of the capsule 40 to the desired temperature at startup. During this time, the user may not need to actively use the hookah device 2. This provides an initial "warming up" or preheating stage. Next, the second temperature 72 can provide the temperature at which the user inhales the vaporized product. This provides an "active use stage".

[0091] The difference between the preheating temperature / output 70 and the temperature of the active use stage 72 may be an overshoot, for example, defined as an intentionally aggressive initial heating stage. In other examples, it may be an undershoot or the same temperature as the active use stage. However, the power control can define a heating stage that is more aggressive than the active use stage 72 (i.e., greater power or maximum power).

[0092] The power setting / profile can be defined in terms of the percentage of the maximum power available / capable for the heater. For example, if the heater is approved for use at a maximum power rating equal to 100%, the power setting for each stage may be set as a percentage less than 100% (e.g., the power setting can be 90% for warm-up and 70% for the active use stage).

[0093] The change between the first temperature 70 and the second temperature 72 (or the associated first power and second power) may be instantaneous in the control instructions of the device. Accordingly, the change / boundary between the first temperature 70 and the second temperature 72 is step-like or discontinuous. In reality, there may be a thermal lag due to the inertia of heating / cooling.

[0094] The heating profile 62 may vary continuously over a given period 76. For example, the heating profile 62 can steadily decrease over the period 76. This provides a temperature / output “ramp down” to prevent combustion or spoilage of the consumable as the consumable is consumed (e.g., the temperature or power may be proportional to or otherwise a function of the remaining mass of the unconsumed product). For example, during the active use phase, the temperature may initially be kept substantially constant. However, the temperature can be steadily or gradually decreased in the latter stages of active use to maintain the quality of the user's experience and prevent overheating of the remaining consumable. In some examples, the final phase may be stable or increasing throughout most or substantially all of the active use phase rather than towards the end of the active use phase.

[0095] Thus, the heating profile 62 described above defines an ideal / predetermined heating / temperature at which the consumable is generally known to operate optimally.

[0096] In some embodiments, the device 2 is configured to vary the temperature of the heater 10 (e.g., supply additional power) in response to a user's inhalation / suction, in addition to maintaining, for example, the heating profile 62. Such a temperature change can represent a short-term, temporary or instantaneous deviation from the profile 62. Typically, the increase in heating is to counteract the cooling effect of the incoming air drawn over the consumable. In addition to or instead of this, the increase in temperature / heating increases the amount of vapor produced by the consumable to provide an improved user experience. This provides a preventive measure to ensure the quality of the smoking experience. The increase in temperature can provide an individual / inhalation event 78 to the heating profile 62. Thus, the heating profile 62 only provides a baseline temperature for the heater 10, and that temperature can vary according to the user's inhalation.

[0097] The temperature rise of the heater and / or the capsule may be at least 5°C, at least 10°C, or at least 20°C. In addition or alternatively, the temperature during an individual heating event 78 may include the absolute temperature. The absolute value may be stored in the indicator 40. The increase in power to the heater 10 may be at least 3%, for example, at least 5% or at least 10%.

[0098] Inhalation can be detected via an inhalation sensor. The sensor can comprise a pressure sensor or the like. The pressure sensor can include a resistive, capacitive and / or inductive pressure sensor. In addition or alternatively, the sensor comprises an airflow sensor such as a mechanical airflow sensor or a probe. For example, the sensor may comprise a flap or diaphragm configured to move during inhalation. The flap / diaphragm may be connected to a potentiometer or the like. Any such sensor may be disposed at any suitable location in the air path between the mouthpiece 20 and the inlet opening 28.

[0099] In addition or alternatively, the sensor comprises an accelerometer that measures the vibration of the system caused by the inhalation and formation of air bubbles in the water when the gas is drawn into the tank 6 along the conduit 34. This type of sensor for sensing vibrations caused by air bubbles (i.e., inferring suction by the user through the device 2) has been found to be particularly effective / responsive. Furthermore, the magnitude and / or frequency of the vibration can be used to infer how fast the air is being drawn through the device (i.e., as a proxy for air flow rate). Such a sensor can be placed anywhere in the device and is beneficial as it avoids the need for sensors in the downstream flow path of the capsule that can be contaminated by vapors and other airborne substances that can potentially contaminate flow / pressure sensors over time.

[0100] The sensor is operably connected to a heater controller to control the power to the heater 10 in response to the sensor output. The increase in heating during such an event may be a heating boost.

[0101] In some embodiments, the individual event 78 is configured to operate only during a sensed inhalation period. Thus, the increased power to the heater 24 is provided only during inhalation. In some embodiments, the event 78 is configured to operate over a predetermined period or variable duration based on the sensed inhalation duration / magnitude. Thus, the increased power to the heater 10 can be provided over a predetermined period or variable / reacting period when an inhalation is detected. Heating can start instantaneously / immediately as soon as an inhalation is sensed. In some examples, the increased heating can relate to only a portion of the inhalation event, for example, during the first portion, or during a portion where the sensed magnitude / flow rate is increasing or not decreasing. For example, the heating can potentially drop towards the end of the inhalation event.

[0102] In some embodiments, the individual / inhalation event 78 is configured to attempt to offset only the cooling effect of the intake air. Thus, the heater 10 attempts to maintain the temperature of the heating profile 62. The temperature loss during inhalation may be pre-calibrated. For example, if a 10°C drop is observed during inhalation in a calibration experiment, this value is stored in the device and the heater temperature is configured to increase by 10°C when an inhalation event is detected accordingly. Thus, the heating profile 62 is maintained.

[0103] It can be appreciated that the cooling effect can be proportional to the inhalation rate. The device 2 may be configured to determine the intake air flow rate and adjust the temperature increase accordingly. Thus, the device 2 senses or predicts a temperature drop of the heater 10 and adjusts the power to the heater 10 to at least partially offset the drop.

[0104] In some embodiments, the heater 24 is configured to adjust in response to the user's inhalation. Thus, the device 2 can monitor the temperature of the heater 10. When the temperature drops during heating, the power thereto increases. Thus, the heater 10 attempts to track the temperature of the heating profile 62. Such a configuration does not require an inhalation sensor for the user, but the user experience may not be quasi-optimal.

[0105] The heating profile 62 can include any number of heating temperatures / levels. One or more temperatures may be repeated in the heating profile. Thus, the heating profile 62 may be periodic / wavy. The period 74 at each temperature can vary between temperatures. The boundary / slope can include any suitable gradient. The gradient can vary between different temperature boundaries / slopes. The heating profile 62 may change continuously and / or discontinuously. The heating profile 62 may be curved and / or may include straight portions.

[0106] In a first embodiment, the general form (i.e., shape) of the heating profile 62 is stored in the device 2. The device 2 can store one or more heating profiles 62. The profiles can be pre-recorded in the device memory or uploaded from the capsule at the time of insertion. The indicator 50 is configured to include data configured to modify the pre-stored / pre-defined heating profile 62.

[0107] As shown in FIG. 7, in some embodiments, the heating profile can comprise one or more modifiers configured to modify the temperature, output, and / or time values of the heating profile 62. For example, in heating profile 62A, the modifier changes the temperature of the heating profile 62. The modifier can include a simple scalar modifier (e.g., the heating profile 62 is multiplied by a scalar value). In this example, the scalar modifier is >1, thereby increasing the temperature of the heating profile 62, although in other embodiments it can be less than 1 to decrease the temperature / heating accordingly. In other examples, the modifier can be a predetermined positive or negative offset (e.g., temperature or power) rather than a multiplier. Since the modifier is a simple predetermined value, the temperature across the entire heating profile 62A can be modified accordingly. Such a configuration provides a simple modification of the heating profile 62 to match the temperature requirements of the consumable 30 or individual user. Low-temperature consumables can have a relatively low modification value, and vice versa. The user can set the desired modifier using the device 2 or a related application of the communication device. The boundaries of such modifiers are preferably predetermined or fixed so that modifiers outside a predetermined boundary cannot be applied.

[0108] In heating profile 62B, the modifier changes the total period 80 of the profile 62. The modifier can comprise a simple scalar modifier. Such a configuration provides a simple modification of the heating profile 62 to suit the amount / size of the consumable and / or capsule 40. A relatively low weight / volume of the consumable 30 can have a relatively low modification value, and vice versa. The time modifier can be a fixed or scalar modifier similar to the temperature modifier.

[0109] In some embodiments, the modifier (time and / or temperature) is configured to modify only a selected portion of the heating profile. The modifier can modify only the temperature / duration 74 of a selected portion of the temperature level. For example, the modifier can change only the temperature and / or duration 74 of the warm-up phase and / or the active use phase and / or the decay period 76.

[0110] In some embodiments, the modifier may be configured to provide temperature and / or time modification data for each stage or the entire profile. Thus, while the general form of the heating profile remains constant, the time and / or temperature of each stage may vary independently. In one example, the user can manually apply the modifier according to the desired intensity of use, for example, due to personal preference or otherwise according to the intended number of users. If two, three, four or more users intend to use a single device, the user can select the "party" mode to increase the heating aggressiveness accordingly.

[0111] In some embodiments, a plurality of different heating profiles 62 can be stored in the device. Thus, the indicator 50 can include a display of the specific heating profile 62 required. Thus, the specific heating profile 62 is selected according to the inserted capsule 40 and / or the consumable. This makes it possible to provide a plurality of different heating profiles while retaining a minimum amount of data in the indicator 50. In other examples, the entire heating profile data is carried by the indicator 50 of the capsule and transferred to the device during use.

[0112] For example, an example of the data structure of the capsule indicator 50 is shown in FIG. 8. The data includes an identifier 82 related to the consumable and / or the capsule 40. The device 2 can read / interpret the identifier 82 to identify the consumable 30 / capsule 40 accordingly. The data includes a heating profile indicator 84 configured to indicate a specific heating profile 62 pre-recorded in the device 2. Thus, when the data is read by the device, the heating profile 62 is selected accordingly. In addition to or instead of this, the profile indicator 84 can indicate the number of points or periods of the profile, increments or steps, and / or the total time / duration of the profile.

[0113] In some embodiments, the product / capsule identifier 82 may be associated with a specific heating profile 62 in the memory of the device (e.g., the identifier can have an embedded profile identifier). Thus, the device 2 automatically selects the heating profile according to the product / capsule identifier 82.

[0114] In some embodiments, the pre-recorded heating profile 62 may be manually selected by the user. For example, the capsule 40 and / or the associated packaging can include printed instructions for the user. The user can manually select the heating profile via a manual input of the device 2 (such as a button or a dial, etc.), and / or can use an intermediate device that communicates with the device 2. For example, the intermediate device may comprise an electronic device or a computing device, such as a fob; a touch screen device; a button / selector device; a mobile (portable) phone; a tablet computer; a laptop computer, etc. In some embodiments, the intermediate device may comprise a dedicated user / sensor interface device for use with the device 2. The intermediate device may comprise a sensor configured to read / interrogate the capsule, such as a reader or an NFC device. The intermediate device may or may not verify that the capsule is recognized before use, and / or may enable the user to input a user selection or preference to be communicated to the device 2, i.e., to control the manner of heating to be performed by the device 2.

[0115] The data can include one or more stage identifiers 86. This identifies and / or depicts different stages (e.g., different temperatures and / or power levels). The data comprises a temperature indicator 88 indicating the desired temperature at each stage. The temperature indicator 88 can indicate a fixed temperature, a temperature gradient (e.g., the change in temperature per unit time), or a temperature profile (changing gradient). In addition to or instead of the temperature indicator 88, there may be a power indicator that can specify a fixed value, a variable value, or a threshold / maximum value of the power to be applied for capsule heating during that stage.

[0116] The data comprises a time interval indicator 90 indicating a desired time interval / period for each stage. The data can then correspondingly include temperature and period data for each stage. Thus, the apparatus 2 can read the data for each stage and construct a heating profile 62. It can be understood that instead of providing a temperature or period value, a temperature and / or period modifier may be provided.

[0117] Referring to FIG. 9, in some embodiments, an optimal / preferred heating profile 62 may be sampled at several points 92. As shown in FIG. 10, the sample points 92 can be stored in the indicator 50. The sample points 92 include a temperature indicator 96. The sample points 92 include a time indicator 98 corresponding to the temperature indicator 92. Thus, the sample points 92 provide, for example, two-dimensional coordinates.

[0118] As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the sample points can be processed by the apparatus 2 to provide a reconstructed heating profile 94. By providing specific data points or coordinates to the capsule indicator 50, it becomes possible for the apparatus 2 to operate using only the input from the capsule 40. This reduces the need to store any pre-programmed profiles etc. in the apparatus 2. Thus, the apparatus 2 can receive any appropriately formatted profile with any level of complexity. This provides a future-proof configuration as the heating profile can be changed or created during the capsule manufacturing / programming stage without the need to modify / update the apparatus 2. Thus, the apparatus 2 can comprise a "dam" apparatus and the heating profile instructions are simply inserted therein for each instance of use.

[0119] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, the apparatus 2 is configured to interpolate and / or extrapolate between sample points 98. This provides a continuous heating profile 62. Thus, the heating profile can include a heating gradient and / or a transition region between points. The apparatus 2 may simply change stepwise to the indicated temperature 96 at the indicated time 98. The temperature of each step remains substantially constant. Thus, the sample points 92 can provide the boundary points of several steps.

[0120] In this embodiment, the sample points 92 are provided only at the boundaries between different steps of the heating profile, for example, at the start and / or end of each temperature change. Thus, the sample points 92 are provided only at points where the heating profile 62 changes gradient (e.g., a turning point or an inflection point) and / or where the change in gradient stops. This provides a minimum amount of sample points while generally providing an accurate / representative heating profile 62.

[0121] In some embodiments, the sample points 92 are provided at predetermined time intervals. For example, the sample points 92 may be provided at predetermined intervals. This can be beneficial when the heating profile 62 is complex. If the sample points are provided at predetermined intervals, the predetermined intervals can be pre-programmed into the apparatus 2, so the time indicator 98 need not be provided in the indicator data. In addition to or instead of this, the indicator data can specify a predetermined time interval, and the apparatus 2 constructs a heating profile accordingly.

[0122] As shown in FIG. 13, the heating profile 62 may be smoothed. This provides a continuous and / or stepless heating profile 62. This can be achieved by applying a smoothing algorithm to the heating profile 62. The heater 10 can then heat the capsule 40 according to the smoothed heating profile and / or stop heating and cool according to the smoothed profile. In addition to or instead of this, the heater 24 may be configured to smoothly heat the capsule 40 regardless of the heating profile 62. For example, a PID controller may be used to control the heater 24. This prevents overshoot and / or fluctuations such as the desired temperature.

[0123] It can be understood that the heating profile 62 only provides the desired heating temperature. In practice, the actual temperature achieved may vary for several reasons, such as thermal lag, feedback / sensor lag, user inhalation, air temperature, and / or other unexpected thermal fluctuations. Therefore, the heater 10 is configured to continuously adapt its temperature (e.g., by temperature sensor feedback) to achieve the specified heating profile 62. The actual temperature may oscillate around and / or towards the desired temperature, for example, depending on the degree of slight overshoot / undershoot.

[0124] In some embodiments, the indicator 40 can include a plurality of heating profiles 62. The heating profile 62 can be modified according to one or more usage conditions. For example, a user may desire a "intense" experience. Therefore, the heating profile can operate at a higher temperature during one or more of its stages. Conversely, a user may require a "mellow" experience where the heating temperature is relatively low. Alternatively, the user can specify the number of users in the usage session. Therefore, the heating profile can operate at a higher temperature to accommodate the increased vapor / smoke required by more users. The heating profile can be: · Intensity of experience (i.e., intensity of vapor / smoke released); · Session time; · Number of users; · Number of breaks permitted in a session, time permitted for each break, or total break time; It can be understood that it can be changed according to one or more of the indications of the capsules or combinations thereof used in the multi-capsule session.

[0125] The length and / or temperature of each stage of the heating profile and / or inhalation temperature can be changed according to the usage conditions. Depending on the usage situation, the overall shape (i.e., the relative temperature of each stage) may be varied. A finite number of heating profiles 62 can be provided according to the individual selection by the user. For example, the user can select "high", "medium", or "low". Also, the heating profile may be variable according to any scale. For example, the user can select a value between 1 and 10.

[0126] It can be understood that the heating profile 62 and / or the corresponding time / temperature values provided in the accompanying drawings described above are arbitrary and are only used to illustrate the present invention at hand. The heating profile 62 and the corresponding data may take or be recorded in any suitable form.

[0127] (Configuration and Use of Sensor) As described above, the device 2 may include a vibration sensor. The vibration sensor is configured to detect vibrations caused by air passing from the conduit 15 to the water chamber 8. Typically, the vibrations are caused by the formation and / or collapse of air bubbles formed in the coolant of the tank 6. However, it will be understood that vibrations can be formed by any suitable mechanism, such as turbulence of the air in the conduit 34.

[0128] In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the vibration sensor 100 is disposed in the electronic device enclosure chamber (i.e., the cavity therein). Accordingly, the vibration sensor is provided in a sealed enclosure chamber isolated from the coolant and / or vaporized products. The enclosure chamber is mechanically connected in close proximity to the coolant container / tank and / or conduit 34 so as to detect vibrations thereby.

[0129] The vibration sensor 100 can be disposed at any suitable location within the electronic device enclosure chamber. The vibration sensor 100 may be mounted on / adjacent to the partition wall 102 between the electronic device enclosure chamber 12 and the tank 6. In some embodiments, the vibration sensor 100 may be mounted on or adjacent to the conduit 34. In some embodiments, the vibration sensor 100 may be positioned on the device electronics. For example, the vibration sensor 100 may be mounted on a common mounting structure such as a PCB, along with, for example, a microcontroller / microprocessor and / or memory. The vibration sensor may be integral with the electronic device or may be mounted to the electronic device. For example, the vibration sensor can form part of a "system on chip" (SoC).

[0130] The vibration sensor 100 may be disposed on / within the lid 22 or on / with the base 10 of the device 2 and may be connected to the associated electronics by suitable electrical connections. In addition to or instead of this, the sensor may communicate wirelessly with the electronic device enclosure chamber. In some embodiments, the vibration sensor 100 may be provided on the sidewall of the tank 6 itself.

[0131] The vibration sensor 100 may have any suitable form. The sensor may include one or more of an accelerometer; a strain gauge / extensometer; magnetic / eddy current; laser displacement; or a gyroscope. The sensor can include, for example, a microphone for detecting vibrations in the audible frequency range. In a preferred embodiment, the sensor 100 includes an accelerometer, such as a piezoelectric accelerometer. The sensor 100 may include a uniaxial or multi-axis detector. The sensor may include a 3-axis or 6-axis sensor. Typically, the sensor 100 includes a linear accelerometer. In addition to or instead of this, the sensor 26 may be a rotational sensor. The sensor can detect uniaxial or multi-axis rotation.

[0132] The vibration sensor 100 is operably connected to an electronic controller and processes data therefrom. The controller interprets the data from the sensor 100 to determine whether a user's inhalation (i.e., an individual event) has been detected. The process is schematically shown in FIG. 14.

[0133] In a first step, the sensor 100 generates raw data 104. The raw data 104 indicates the movement / acceleration of the sensor. The raw data 104 may include data for each axis where a multi-axis sensor is provided.

[0134] It can be understood that the raw data 104 typically includes vibrations not caused by the user's inhalation, for example from background movement or music. Accordingly, these vibrations are removed via the background filter 106. The background filter 106 can include a low-pass filter for removing high-frequency vibrations. The low-pass filter can remove frequencies of, for example, 50 Hz or above 100 Hz. The background filter 106 can include a high-pass filter for removing low-frequency vibrations. The high-pass filter may remove frequencies of, for example, 1 Hz or below. Accordingly, the background filter can provide a band-pass filter.

[0135] Any such filtering may instead or in addition be performed on the magnitude of the vibration, for example, according to a lower and / or upper threshold of the magnitude of the vibration.

[0136] Although simple, a band filter can help remove noise, and further filtering via the secondary filter 108 may be required to identify vibrations characteristic of the user's inhalation. The secondary filter 108 can determine whether the received data matches a predetermined waveform, such as the characteristic frequency / amplitude curve 110 (see FIG. 15). The characteristic frequency curve 110 can be determined by performing an inhalation through the system and recording the amplitude and frequency of the vibrations. This provides a characteristic baseline for the inhalation of a given device.

[0137] The controller is configured to compare the incoming vibration data to determine whether the frequency values match the characteristic curve 110. Typically, a margin of error is provided so that distortion or other variations do not prevent detection of the inhalation. The margin can include an upper limit 112A and / or a lower limit 112B. Thus, if the measured frequency curve remains within the margin, an inhalation is considered to be present. Instead or in addition, an indication of "closeness" to the characteristic may be determined. For example, the controller can determine the mean variance between the measured value and the characteristic curve 110. If the closeness / variance between the measured data and the characteristic curve 110 is within a predetermined value, an inhalation and / or bubble formation is considered to be present. Frequencies other than the start / end of the characteristic curve 110 may be ignored or excluded.

[0138] In some embodiments, the curve may be provided by a discrete number of frequencies, such as 5 to 20 frequencies. Nevertheless, a discrete number of frequencies can still provide a characteristic profile indicative of the user's inhalation. Other conventional methods can be used to determine whether the detected vibrations match a predetermined frequency profile. Detection of the inhalation occurs in real time, for example, instantaneously.

[0139] In some embodiments, the characteristic curve 110 may not be size-dependent. This enables the detection of inhalation events of different intensities. The determination of an inhalation event can be performed by analyzing the shape of the measured frequency curve / profile. For example, the relative magnitudes between two or more frequencies can indicate an inhalation event.

[0140] It will be appreciated that a background filter may not be required if the magnitude of the inhalation frequency is much larger than the background noise and / or is excluded by the characteristic curve. However, a simple background filter 106 may be provided in some cases as it can reduce the computational load or complexity.

[0141] When a multi-axis sensor is used, the raw data of one or more axes can be combined to provide an overall magnitude. Alternatively, the axes may be processed separately. The characteristic curve 110 can be generated for each axis. In some embodiments, only one or more selected axes are used. For example, the characteristic curve 110 can provide vibration of one or two axes, and thus the data of the remaining axes are ignored to reduce the computational load.

[0142] The characteristic curve 110 can be programmed into the memory of the controller. The characteristic curve 110 may be rewritable and modifiable.

[0143] In some embodiments, the magnitude of the vibration can be used to determine whether inhalation is occurring. For example, if the magnitude of the vibration exceeds a predetermined threshold, inhalation is considered to be occurring. This can provide a simple means of determining inhalation, especially when the magnitude of the vibration exceeds the background vibration.

[0144] When an inhalation event is detected, the system is configured to output a signal 112 indicative of inhalation. Referring to FIG. 16, the signal is received by a controller 114 configured to control the aforementioned heater 24. Thus, the device 2 is configured to control the heating of the heating chamber in accordance with an individual inhalation event by the user. In a conventional / combustion / based shisha device, the user's inhalation draws cold air into the heating chamber and reduces its temperature. However, the increased air flow increases the flow of oxygen over the coal and into the heating chamber, and thus increases the temperature. Thus, this cooling and heating effect is at least partially offset by each other. In prior art electronic devices, the air flow reduces the temperature of the heating chamber, but there is no temperature increase due to the absence of coal. Thus, the present system is configured to offset the cooling effect of the incoming air.

[0145] The controller 114 is configured to maintain the heater 24 and / or the heating chamber 26 at a predetermined temperature or to boost the temperature during inhalation. The predetermined temperature is generally provided by the aforementioned heating profile. Sensing of inhalation can beneficially avoid the thermal lag experienced by temperature sensing alone and helps to keep the consumable at an optimal temperature.

[0146] The controller 114 is configured to increase the heat output of the heater 24 in response to the detection of inhalation. The magnitude and / or duration of the increased heating can be determined by one or more factors, such as:

[0147] · It can be determined according to the duration of inhalation. This is the time the user inhales for each inhalation period. Typically, this period is 1 to 5 seconds. The duration can be measured by determining the length of the inhalation event.

[0148] · The intensity of inhalationTypically, this is determined by the magnitude of the detected vibration. The intensity of the vibration can be calculated by the sensor controller and output to the heating controller. The intensity may be quantized or discrete. For example, values such as "HIGH", "MEDIUM", or "LOW" can be assigned to the intensity. Alternatively, the intensity may be a continuous value. The intensity may vary over the inhalation event, and thus, the magnitude of heating can be determined using the initial intensity or the average intensity.

[0149] · The period between inhalationsThe period between the end of an inhalation event and the start of a continuous inhalation can be determined. Alternatively, the period may be determined between the start or end of each inhalation. The frequency of the inhalation event can be determined.

[0150] The controller 114 can include a multivariable or "fuzzy logic" controller. The controller 114 can obtain the duration, intensity, and / or time from the last inhalation as an output and determine the required heat output. The controller can control a look-up table or an algorithm to determine the required heat output.

[0151] The heating method is schematically shown in FIG. 17. The varied heat output 116 can be provided over a predetermined period (T2). The predetermined period can follow the factors described above. For example, a high-intensity inhalation event can provide an increased period (T2) of heat output. Similarly, the duration of inhalation (T1) affects the duration (T2) of the varied heat output.

[0152] In other embodiments, the period (T2) can include a predetermined period. Thus, the heat output is controlled only by the change in the magnitude (ΔP) of the varied heat output.

[0153] In some embodiments, the varying heat output 62 can stop when a predetermined temperature is reached. The predetermined temperature may be a predetermined temperature with respect to the heating profile. For example, when the heating chamber temperature reaches the desired heating profile temperature 118, the increased heat output 116 can return to the baseline (i.e., ΔP = 0). Alternatively, the predetermined temperature may be a threshold with respect to the heating profile temperature. For example, when the temperature reaches a predetermined deviation, absolute or relative, from the heating profile temperature, the heat output can return to the baseline output. This provides a margin for the heating profile temperature at which the heat output returns to the baseline output.

[0154] A user input 120 may be provided. This may include a manual input. The manual button may include a button, a switch, a display device (e.g., a touch screen), etc. In some embodiments, the user input 120 may comprise an associated or linked device. For example, the user can provide an input via a connected mobile device.

[0155] The user input 120 can change or otherwise interrupt the heating sequence (i.e., the desired profile 62 or temperature 118). The user can include an on / off input for starting / stopping heating accordingly. The user can start / stop a standby mode or a low power mode. The user can manually adjust the current heating temperature or the desired heating temperature. For example, if the user desires a more intense experience, the user can increase the temperature of the heater. The input can provide a "boost" mode. For example, the temperature of the heater can increase for a predetermined period and / or until the boost mode is stopped.

[0156] The aforementioned temperature control method is highly responsive. However, the user may prefer to anticipate the intended inhalation / suction in the mouthpiece by providing a manual input in advance, thereby slightly increasing the temperature beforehand. Therefore, during use, the boost button can be used 1 or 2 seconds before sucking on the mouthpiece to generate high temperature and intensity.

[0157] The use of the accelerometer or other inertial sensors described herein is beneficial because the sensor(s) can be used to control the operation of the heater for one or more additional / replacement reasons. For example, the sensor(s) can sense one or more different types of events. The sensor(s) may be used to detect the tipping, dropping, or other harmful movement of the water pipe. Thus, the sensor(s) can detect harmful inertial events or harmful orientations of the device, and the controller can prevent the heating of the heater, for example, as a safety measure. The controller can disable the heating profile, for example, by pausing or ending the heating profile. In some examples, the controller can resume heating after the harmful event / condition has ended. For example, after the device has been uprighted following a tipping event, the controller can continue the existing session by resuming the implementation of the heating profile. In another example, if the device is intended for use only when stationary, the controller can pause the heating during the movement of the device.

[0158] Therefore, the heating profile is pausable (e.g., there is no power to the heater or the power to the heater is reduced) and resumable based on sensor input. The controller can continue heating at the time the profile pauses or can monitor for any time delay and resume the profile at a related later time. However, some events can completely end the heating profile. For example, the opening of the lid and / or the removal of the capsule can end the heating profile such that it cannot be resumed. For example, an extended pause period due to user inactivity can also end the heating profile.

[0159] With the user input 120, the user can manually initiate a standby mode that controls, for example, the controller to lower the temperature of the consumable or the heating chamber to a standby temperature lower than the heating profile for active use. Thus, the consumable can remain at a higher temperature than the surroundings without substantially consuming the capsule product, i.e., it is ready for use.

Claims

1. A heating chamber configured to heat a consumable during use, the heating chamber comprising an air inlet that allows air to be drawn across the consumable, A controller configured to control the heating of the consumable in the heating chamber so as to maintain the consumable at a high temperature according to a predetermined heating profile over a period of use, A sensor configured to detect an individual active use event initiated by a user of the device, the controller being configured to change the heating of the heating chamber in response to detection of the active use event during the period, An electronic water pipe comprising the same.

2. The water pipe according to claim 1, wherein the heating profile includes a plurality of predetermined stages arranged continuously over the period.

3. The water pipe according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the heating profile includes two or more of an initial warm-up stage, a normal consumption stage, and a controlled final stage.

4. The water pipe according to claim 3, wherein the initial warm-up stage is controlled to achieve an initial temperature or power peak in the heating chamber that is greater than the normal consumption stage and / or the controlled final stage.

5. The water pipe according to claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the controlled final stage includes a subsequent or final stage of the predetermined heating profile.

6. The water pipe according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein at least one stage is a constant temperature stage.

7. The water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the predetermined heating profile includes a temperature and / or a power profile.

8. The water pipe according to claim 7, wherein the power profile includes a target / threshold power setting for each stage, and the controller controls electrical parameters for the operation of the heating chamber to match the target / threshold power setting.

9. The water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the predetermined heating profile includes both an ideal temperature and a related power setting.

10. The predetermined heating profile includes a default or background heating profile for continuous temperature adjustment of the consumable by the controller over the period of use, and the controller monitors compliance with the heating profile according to the output of further sensors. The water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the controller changes the heating of the heating chamber so as to deviate from the heating profile in response to detection of the active use event.

12. The water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the active use event causes cooling of the heating chamber, and the controller changes the heating of the heating chamber to cancel the cooling.

13. The water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the individual use event includes an event that causes a negative pressure inside the water pipe, an air flow through the water pipe, and / or a user input indicating or anticipating any such event.

14. The water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the period of use includes a period exceeding 5 minutes or a period exceeding 30 minutes.

15. The water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the water pipe is provided with a coolant reservoir, and the sensor is configured to detect the passage of gas to the coolant reservoir.

16. The water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the sensor is configured to detect vibrations caused by the active use event.

17. The water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the sensor comprises an accelerometer.

18. The water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the controller comprises a filter configured to filter out sensor readings exceeding one or more predetermined frequency thresholds.

19. The water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the controller includes a log or model of predetermined active use events, and the controller is configured to compare the sensor readings with the log or model.

20. The controller determines whether the sensor reading falls within one or more predetermined thresholds of the log or model, the water pipe according to claim 19.

21. The sensor detects a waveform of a sensed parameter, the water pipe according to any one of claims 16 to 20.

22. The controller is configured to temporarily boost the heating of the heating chamber when detecting the start of an individual active usage event, the water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 21.

23. An individual active usage event or a change in heating by the controller corresponding thereto has a duration of less than 1 minute or 30 seconds, the water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 22.

24. The controller is configured to receive user input for changing the predetermined heating profile such as the temperature, power, or duration of the heating profile, the water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 23.

25. A data carrier or data storage medium including machine-readable instructions for operating a controller of an electronic water pipe, the water pipe having a heating chamber configured to heat a consumable during use, the heating chamber including an air inlet allowing air to be drawn across the consumable, the machine-readable instructions heating, by the controller, of the consumable in the heating chamber to maintain the consumable at a high temperature according to a predetermined heating profile over a period of use, receiving sensor data from a sensor of the water pipe, and determining, from the received sensor data, an individual active usage event started by a user of the device, and controlling a change in heating of the heating chamber in response to the determination of the active usage event, a data carrier or data storage medium.

26. A water pipe system comprising a water pipe according to any one of claims 1 to 24 and a capsule containing a consumable, the capsule being receivable in the heating chamber and being heated together with the consumable during use.

27. The capsule includes indicator bearing data to be made available to the controller to enable implementation of the predetermined heating profile, the water pipe system according to claim 26.

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