A super-hydrophobic oil-proof self-cleaning aerosol comprises, by weight, one or more of a fluorine-containing compound and a silicone-containing compound 0.1-15%, lanthanide series compound 0.1-5%, nano material 0.1-10%, dissolve promoter 5-40%, diluents 10-60% and propellants 15-40%. A preparation method of the super-hydrophobic oil-proof self-cleaning aerosol comprises the following steps of weighing raw materials according to a formula, stirring and evenly mixing all raw materials except the propellants, respectively filling the raw materials into an aerosol can or a tinplate can or an aluminum can, plugging a valve into a filled can, sealing an opening, filling the propellants, and conducting online weighing, water bath leakage detection and label adhesion on the canned aerosol. The super-hydrophobic oil-proof self-cleaning aerosol has the following advantages that a production process is simple, large-scale production is facilitated, product perniciousness is low, the aerosol is very convenient to carry and use and is especially suitable for application of a spray gun in a large-scale constriction site; the aerosol has no temperature requirement in use and has no special condition requirements, is colorless, tasteless, high in adhesion force, long in service life and wide in application range and is resistant to friction.