Battery charging management system and charging control method using the same

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery charging management system and a charging control method using the same. For this purpose, a battery charging management system including an ESS (Energy Storage System) includes a first electricity quantity meter that measures the amount of electricity supplied from a power grid, a charger to which the power supplied from the power grid is distributed via one or more distribution boards, the ESS, and one or more second electricity quantity meters configured to measure each of the amounts of electricity distributed to loads other than the ESS, and a controller configured to control the power distribution of the power grid based on the electricity quantity information of each of the first electricity quantity meter and the one or more second electricity quantity meters, and the ESS uses a battery that supports a charge / discharge rate equal to or higher than a predetermined standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The following description relates to a battery charging management system and a charging control method using the same. Specifically, in a battery charging management system including an ESS (Energy Storage System), it relates to a configuration that utilizes a plurality of electricity meters and a method for efficiently controlling the charging of an electric drive mobile device using the same.

Background Art

[0002] Recently, as the use of electric vehicles has expanded, chargers for electric vehicles (EVs) have been placed in various spaces. However, the use of electric vehicle chargers can increase the electricity consumption of the grid and may affect other electricity consumption within the space. In particular, when the electricity consumption surges rapidly, there is a problem that the use of electric vehicle chargers is restricted.

[0003] Furthermore, as mobile devices that require battery charging, not only current electric vehicles but also various electric drive mobile devices such as UAVs (Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles) and personal mobility have been proposed.

[0004] Here, in the space where the charger is placed, there is a need for a solution to provide a system for stably charging and supporting the various electric drive mobile devices described above.

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] To solve the above-described problems, one aspect of the present invention proposes a battery charging management system for performing stable charging, including an ESS that assists in the power use of the charger and stabilizes the power supply of the grid, and a plurality of electricity meters that take into account the characteristics of the ESS.

[0006] In another aspect of the present invention, a method for efficiently controlling the charging of an electric drive mobile device from the user's perspective / system perspective using the battery charging management system described above is proposed.

[0007] The problems to be solved in the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs from the following description.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0008] In order to solve the problems described above, in one aspect of the present invention, in a battery charging management system including an ESS, a first electricity quantity meter for measuring the amount of electricity supplied from a power grid; one or more second electricity quantity meters configured to measure the amount of electricity distributed from the power grid to a charger, the ESS, and loads other than the ESS via one or more distribution boards; and a controller configured to control the power distribution of the power grid based on the electricity quantity information of each of the first electricity quantity meter and the one or more second electricity quantity meters, and the ESS uses a battery that supports a charge / discharge rate equal to or higher than a predetermined standard, a battery charging management system is proposed.

[0009] In another aspect of the present invention for solving the problems described above, in a method for controlling the charging of an electric drive mobile device including a battery, obtaining first electricity quantity information provided from a charger to the battery; obtaining second electricity quantity information provided from the charger to loads other than the battery; and when the second electricity quantity information is equal to or higher than a predetermined standard, displaying warning information on the charger or a user device of the electric drive mobile device, a method for controlling the charging of an electric drive mobile device is proposed.

Effects of the Invention

[0010] According to the embodiments of the present invention described above, by utilizing an ESS that assists in the power consumption of a charger and stabilizes the power supply of the grid, an ESS of a type capable of high-speed charge and discharge, and the data of a plurality of electricity meters, rapid and diverse control functions can be performed.

[0011] Also, in the charging of an electric drive mobile device, by utilizing the power consumption in loads other than the battery, it is possible to perform control so as to avoid abnormal situations / billing for the user.

[0012] The effects obtained by the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains from the following description.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013]

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BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0014] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those having ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can easily carry out the present invention. However, the present invention can be embodied in various forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In the drawings, in order to clearly explain the present invention, unnecessary parts for explanation are omitted, and similar reference numerals are given to similar parts throughout the specification.

[0015] Throughout this specification, when a part "includes" a certain component, this means that, unless otherwise stated to the contrary, it does not exclude other components, but can further include other components.

[0016] Generally, an ESS refers to a device that can store energy in various energy storage means and then supply the stored power to the grid again as needed. Among these ESSs, an ESS that utilizes a battery as an energy storage means is particularly referred to as a BESS (Battery Energy Storage System). However, unless otherwise specifically mentioned in the following description, it is assumed that the ESS is a BESS.

[0017] Generally, an ESS is composed of a battery, a battery management system (BMS), a power conversion system (PCS), an energy management system (EMS), etc. The battery has one or more cells, multiple cells form one module, and multiple modules form one rack. The ESS configured in this way is connected to a power grid, an electrical network, a power grid, etc., and power is supplied.

[0018] The ESS is used for charging various electric drive mobile devices including electric vehicles. In the following description, for the convenience of explanation, an electric vehicle is exemplified as an "electric drive mobile device", but it is not limited to this.

[0019] As described above, the use of a charger for an electric vehicle may increase the electricity consumption of the grid and affect other electricity consumption within the space. Therefore, when the ESS is utilized to assist the power consumption of the charger for an electric vehicle, it can support power consumption more stably.

[0020] In the following description, the battery includes the battery applied to the ESS and the battery applied inside the electric vehicle. The state of the battery can typically be expressed based on the state-of-charge (SoC), and the charge / discharge rate of the battery can be explained based on the C-Rate.

[0021] First, the charging rate and / or discharging rate of a battery can be controlled by the charge / discharge rate (C-Rate). The charge / discharge rate (C-Rate) means the measurement of the current used for charging and / or discharging the battery. As an example, the meaning that a specific battery discharges at 1C-Rate or 1C means that a battery with a capacity of 10Ah (i.e., the amount of electricity when a 10A (ampere) current flows for 1 hour) discharges 10A (ampere) in 1 hour in a fully charged state.

[0022] When measuring a battery charged at a specific C-Rate, the state of charge (SoC) can be confirmed. When charging an electric vehicle using an ESS, the SoC of the battery inside the ESS, the SoC of the battery inside the electric vehicle, etc. can be confirmed, and various controls for charging can be performed.

[0023] Based on such an explanation, specific embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings.

[0024] FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a battery charging management system including an ESS to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

[0025] The battery charging management system 100 to which this embodiment is applied includes a power grid 110, an ESS 140, a charger 150 for charging an electric vehicle 160, and a load 170 other than the ESS. In the example of FIG. 1, among various ESSs, as will be described later, it is possible to use a VIB ESS 140 that utilizes a vanadium ion battery (VIB), but it is not limited thereto. Regarding the criteria for the battery that can be utilized in the ESS 140 according to the embodiments of the present invention, it will be described in detail below.

[0026] On the one hand, from the perspective of power supply, as shown in Figure 1, there is a main distribution board 120 to which power, that is, alternating current (AC), is supplied from the power grid 110. This power is distributed and supplied to a power conversion system (PCS), a power bank, or corresponding power conversion equipment 130. On the other hand, the main distribution board 120 is also connected to loads 170 other than the ESS and can receive power supply.

[0027] The PCS 130 is operatively connected to the ESS 140 and can provide necessary control to perform the function of converting AC power into DC power. Also, the PCS 130 is connected to a charger 150, and the charger 150 is connected to an electric vehicle 160 or other objects that need to be charged.

[0028] At least one of the power supplied from the power grid 110 and the power supplied from the ESS 140 can be selectively supplied to the electric vehicle 160 under the control of the PCS 130.

[0029] Here, at least one of the main distribution board 120, the PCS 130, the ESS 140, the charger 150, the electric vehicle 160, and the loads 170 other than the ESS can be provided at a designated location, for example, inside or on the side of a specific building.

[0030] This battery charging management system 100 is preferably installed and controlled to supply grid power to a specific building and also to charge electric vehicles together. For this purpose, it is preferable to efficiently control the power amount at A, B, and C shown in Figure 1. For this reason, in one aspect of the present invention, it is proposed to utilize a plurality of power meters to efficiently control battery charging.

[0031] On the other hand, in order to efficiently control each load by utilizing this plurality of power meters, first, it is necessary to consider the battery type used in the ESS.

[0032] FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the concept of applying a battery type and a plurality of electricity meters to an ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] As described above, there are various forms of batteries applicable to ESS. For example, lead-acid batteries, lead carbon batteries, NAS (Sodium Sulfur) batteries, lithium-ion batteries (LIB), flow batteries, etc. can be utilized. (A) of FIG. 2 illustrates a system of LIB ESS210 to which LIB, which is currently the most popularly noted among such various ESS batteries, is applied.

[0034] LIB has a high energy density and output density, is about three times lighter than conventional lead-acid batteries, and is attracting attention because it has a high power density and can reduce the space occupancy by 50 to 80%. In addition, it can discharge 1 to 2% of the charge amount per month to maintain a long service life, has the advantage of being usable for about 10 years, and is considered to have 5,000 battery cycles depending on conditions.

[0035] However, in the case of LIB, when operating in an ESS, charging and discharging are performed with 0.2 to 0.5C as the basic condition, and heat is generated when driving at a high C-rate, which makes continuous driving difficult and has a high risk of fire.

[0036] Also, in the case of alkaline and lead batteries, in order to avoid a decrease in battery capacity (performance degradation) due to heat generation, it is common to be driven at 0.05C (= 20-hour discharge).

[0037] In contrast, the Vanadium Ion Battery (VIB) developed by the applicant of this application refers to a secondary battery that electrochemically stores / releases energy using vanadium ions as the active material. In conventional vanadium-based batteries, the active materials participating in the electrochemical reaction (such as vanadium ions, H+ cations, water, sulfuric acid, etc.) are forcibly circulated / transferred / stored by a pump or the like operating with external power to store / release electrical energy. On the other hand, in the VIB, the active materials within the cell and / or module perform ion changes and movements using internal electric fields, osmotic pressure, concentration differences, etc., and the active materials play a role in storing / releasing energy through electrochemical reactions within the cell and / or module.

[0038] In particular, in the case of the Vanadium Ion Battery (VIB), it is possible to charge and discharge at 0.5 - 5C (MAX 10C). Also, since it is driven using a water-soluble electrolyte, it is free from the risk of fire and has the advantage of being able to utilize a wide range of SoC.

[0039] Therefore, in Fig. 2(B), according to an embodiment of the present invention, a configuration in which the VIB ESS140 using this VIB is applied is shown.

[0040] For example, in the case of LIB, heat generation occurs at high power and it affects the battery life, but in the case of VIB, stable high power is possible. Also, in the case of LIB, there are limitations such as 1C charge and 1C discharge, but the VIB can control the input / output flow rate at high power. For example, when a power outage occurs in the grid 110, the VIB ESS140 can assist both the grid 110 and the charger at high power. Therefore, the utilization of the VIB ESS140 has the advantage of enabling very efficient ESS charge / discharge management.

[0041] In particular, in the case of VIB, since there is no risk of fire due to overload, when this VIB is applied to the ESS of this embodiment, the system of the present invention can be preferably applied while ensuring safety in various ancillary facilities, so it can be said that it is a very effective power supply system. In addition, since the utilization of VIB ESS140 enables safe and efficient energy supply, it is very effective in energy conservation, the energy environment, and the realization of carbon neutrality, etc., and can be utilized as a safe and environmentally friendly energy supply means.

[0042] Furthermore, as shown in (B) of FIG. 2, when utilizing VIB ESS140, as described above, by utilizing the high-speed charge and discharge performance of VIB, the electric energy measured by a plurality of electric energy meters 211, 212, 220 can be utilized more efficiently. For example, when the measured value of the electric power meter 212 that measures the electric energy flowing into the charger suddenly decreases, this can be assisted by high-speed discharge, and when the measured value of the electric power meter 220 that measures at the load end other than the ESS is below a predetermined standard, VIB ESS140 can be charged at high speed.

[0043] On the other hand, in the case of LIB, there are upper and lower limit voltages, and a relatively narrow voltage range (window) is used. Specifically, when LIB reaches 0V or a severe discharge state (a state lower than the lower limit voltage), dendrite substances are generated, and a short circuit may occur due to damage to the separator membrane, resulting in the possibility of thermal runaway.

[0044] In contrast, in the case of VIB, although there is an upper limit voltage, since there is no lower limit voltage, it has the advantage that a relatively wide voltage range (window) can be used. That is, even when it reaches 0V or a fully discharged state, no special problems occur, so it can operate more flexibly according to the measurement situation of a plurality of electric energy meters described later.

[0045] In the case of LIB, when repeating charge and discharge cycles, there are irreversible reactions due to phase changes (surface deposition phenomenon, Solid Electrolyte Interphase, crack phenomenon), and when a predetermined cycle operates, there is a problem of capacitance difference. However, in the case of VIB, it has the advantage that there is no difference between the initial capacitance and the capacitance after a predetermined cycle operation by utilizing reversible reactions.

[0046] The main features of such LIB and VIB can be summarized as shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1

[0047] FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the structure of a VIB ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] As shown in FIG. 3, the VIB ESS also includes components such as a battery, BMS, PCS, and EMS.

[0049] Specifically, the battery is composed of modules in which 10 - 20 cells are grouped from the smallest cell unit. A plurality of modules can form a pack, and a plurality of packs can form a system level. Corresponding to this structure, the BMS can also have a hierarchical structure of a cell BMS (not shown), a module BMS 31 (level 1), a pack BMS 32 (level 2), and a system BMS 33 (level 3).

[0050] Here, each level means an operation level including not only the BMS described above but also other control configurations. For example, at level 2, the control with the level 1 control stage of the pack BMS 32 described above and the control operation for the switch gear 34 are defined. At level 3, the control operation between the system BMS 33 and the PMS 35 described above can be defined. Also, the final level 4 can define the control operation between a plurality of PMSs 35 and the EMS 36.

[0051] Here, the switch gear 34 can control the battery and the power lines (contactors, pre-chargers, fuses), and the linear IC 37 can turn on the switch 38 upon receiving an instruction from the pack BMS 32. At this time, switch turn-on can mean performing balancing by resistance, where the resistance can be a pattern resistance formed by copper wires in a pattern on the board.

[0052] In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the type of battery applied to the ESS was compared with LIB ((A) in FIG. 2), and VIB ((B) in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3) was exemplified. However, the type of battery applied to the ESS does not necessarily have to be limited to VIB. For example, in this specification, the ESS can also utilize VRB (Vanadium Redox Battery), PSB (Polysulfide Bromide Battery), ZBB (Zinc-Bromine Battery), etc.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed that the ESS uses a battery that supports a charge / discharge rate equal to or higher than a predetermined standard.

[0054] As an example, the predetermined standard may be utilized based on 0.5 C-Rate, thereby solving the problem that it is difficult for LIB-based ESSs to handle high-speed charge / discharge.

[0055] As another example, the predetermined standard is variably selected and applied according to the installation situation of the ESS within the range of 0.5 C-Rate to 5 C-Rate. For example, the predetermined standard is variably applied according to factors such as the safety of the location where the ESS is installed. Also, considering the time during which the ESS is involved in the total time required for charging an electric drive mobile device such as an electric vehicle, it is preferable to determine the upper limit of the predetermined standard within the 5 C-Rate range.

[0056] As another example, a predetermined standard can also be utilized based on 0.2 C-Rate, which can be provided and utilized as an additional means for dynamically responding to the measured values of a plurality of electricity meters while applying a LIB-based battery or the like to the ESS.

[0057] FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the structure of a battery charging management system including an ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] FIG. 4 shows a configuration in which a VIB ESS100a, which is an embodiment of the ESS, is arranged. The power supply process is in the order of the power source 10 which is the grid, the substation 5, the first electricity meter 205, and the power distribution device 20a which is taken as an example of the main distribution board. Electricity is supplied from the power distribution device 20a to the VIB ESS100a, the charger 50, and loads other than the ESS.

[0059] According to this embodiment, it is characterized by including a first electricity meter 205 for measuring the amount of electricity supplied from the power grid, and one or more second electricity meters 211, 212, 220 configured to measure the amount of electricity distributed from the power supplied from the power grid to the charger 50, the ESS100a, and loads 40a other than the ESS via one or more distribution boards.

[0060] FIG. 4 shows an example in which electricity meters (power measuring devices 211, 212, 220) are arranged for each line in each of the regions 30a, 40a. Also, FIG. 4 shows a form in which the supportive power region 30a and the primary power region 40a are partitioned and controlled. The amount of power used branched from the power distribution device 20a can be measured by the respective power measuring devices 211, 212, 220. Also, the controller arranged in the VIB ESS100a can receive the power consumption information measured by the respective power measuring devices. At this time, the VIB ESS100a includes a PMS (Power Management System), and in this case, the PMS can provide the function of the controller.

[0061] Hereinafter, a method of controlling by utilizing the measured power amounts of a first power meter and one or more second power meters will be described with reference to FIG. 5 and below.

[0062] Basically, all or most of the components shown in the drawings from FIG. 5 and below conceptually show a predetermined area, that is, the entire system where the ESS is installed. Here, the system where the ESS is installed may be a single building, or may mean a predetermined area or region where a power grid and an ESS must supply power together in the form of a commercial facility or industrial complex with multiple buildings.

[0063] The multi-power-meter-based operation system 300 according to this embodiment will be exemplarily described with an example applied to an integrated system of an ESS and an electric vehicle charger, but it is also applicable to other types of ESS configurations and commercial application cases.

[0064] Also, although power meters are exemplarily shown in the drawings, monitoring or monitoring means, devices, sensors, measuring instruments, meters, power meters, etc. for confirming and comparing various power amounts can be used, and for the transmission and reception of the power amount information, wired communication such as Ethernet or wireless communication equipment and technology such as Wi-Fi can be utilized.

[0065] FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the configuration and control method of a charging management system that utilizes a plurality of power meters according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] The power supplied from the power grid (e.g., AC grid) 310 undergoes necessary power transformation through the substation 320 and is transmitted to the main distribution board 330. The main distribution board 330 is connected to at least one lower-level distribution board, and the ESS distribution board 340 is exemplarily shown in FIG. 5.

[0067] The ESS distribution board 340 can transmit, by means of power distribution, the power for the ESS / charger and the power for loads other than the ESS. The loads 380 other than the ESS are diverse and include the electricity / power required for various mechanical equipment such as the lighting in the building, the communication network including servers, the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system, and the elevator.

[0068] The power for the ESS / charger is applied to the PMS 370 for power management, the PCS 350 for power conversion and processing, and / or the power bank 360. The PMS 370, the PCS 350, and the power bank 360 are preferably connected to each other both electrically and communicatively.

[0069] The VIB ESS 379 is under the control of the PMS 370 and receives power from the PCS 350 via the DC distribution board 359. The power bank 360 can transmit power to the charger 369 to charge the electric vehicle 390. The charger 369 is under the control of the PMS 370 and is also operatively connected to the VIB ESS 379.

[0070] On the other hand, in FIG. 5, the PMS 370, the PCS 350, the VIB ESS 379, the charger 369, etc. are shown by dotted lines to indicate that they can be communicatively connected to each other. Further, the VIB ESS 379 can, according to the situation, assist the power grid and discharge the battery charged by some power to the charger 369, the loads 380 other than the ESS, etc. to supply power, and the power lines between the VIB ESS 379, the DC distribution board 359, the PCS 350, and the ESS distribution board 340 are shown in both directions.

[0071] Based on this configuration, an example of how the controller specifically utilizes the power measurement values of the first electricity meter 333 and one or more second electricity meters 353, 363, 373 will be described below.

[0072] First electricity meter 333 In this embodiment, as described above, it is proposed to utilize the power measurement value of the first electricity quantity meter 333 that measures the amount of electricity supplied from the power grid 310. Based on the power measurement value of the first electricity quantity meter 333, the total power consumption of the entire system with respect to the available electricity quantity of the entire grid can be measured. The controller of this system can utilize this to predict the surplus electricity quantity and the shortage electricity quantity, and can obtain and utilize the power outage information.

[0073] First electricity meter 333 and third electricity meter 373 As shown in FIG. 5, the second electricity quantity meters 353, 363, 373 are assumed to include a concept of a plurality of electricity quantity meters for measuring the electricity quantity branched for each load. In this section, to avoid confusion in terms, among these second electricity quantity meters 353, 363, 373, the electricity quantity meter that measures the electricity quantity distributed to the load 380 other than the ESS is referred to as the third electricity quantity meter 373.

[0074] By further utilizing the power measurement value of the third electricity quantity meter 373 in addition to the power measurement value of the first electricity quantity meter 333 described above, the controller according to this embodiment can measure the power consumption of the load 380 other than the ESS in addition to the available electricity quantity of the entire grid.

[0075] By controlling the power consumption of this load other than the ESS, the controller according to this embodiment can recognize the abnormal power consumption situation of the load other than the ESS, and thereby can identify a "power thief" who uses electricity without permission or due to a system error.

[0076] First electricity meter 333 and fourth electricity meter 363 In this section, to avoid confusion in terms, among the second electricity quantity meters 353, 363, 373, the electricity quantity meter that measures the electricity quantity distributed to the charger 369 is referred to as the fourth electricity quantity meter 363.

[0077] By utilizing the power measurement value of the fourth electricity quantity meter 363 in addition to the power measurement value of the first electricity quantity meter 333 described above, the controller according to this embodiment can measure the power consumption of the charger 369 of the electric vehicle in addition to the available electricity quantity of the entire grid.

[0078] In particular, as will be described later, the measurement of the power consumption of the charger 369 can be utilized for charging objects such as electric vehicles to monitor the charging fees and power loss amounts, provide warnings to users, and perform charging interruptions. This will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 12 and below.

[0079] Recognition of abnormal operation Regarding FIG. 2(A), in the case of the system utilizing the aforementioned LIB ESS210, as described above, it is difficult to utilize the LIB for high-speed charge and discharge, and the description mainly focuses on the risk of ignition. However, in the system utilizing the conventional LIB ESS210, another reason why it is difficult to utilize a plurality of wattmeters is the problem caused by the noise of the PCS350. Specifically, the probability of an error occurring in the power measurement value before and after the (high-speed) charge and discharge of the charger 369 is high, and particularly, the probability of an error occurring in the power measurement at the PCS350 stage is high.

[0080] In contrast, in this embodiment, by utilizing a battery that supports high-speed charge and discharge at a predetermined standard (for example, 0.5 C) or higher, such as the VIB ESS379, the above-described problems are solved. In addition, the measured value of the fourth wattmeter 363 that measures the amount of power distributed to the charger 369 and the measured value of the wattmeter for the amount of power distributed to the VIB ESS379 (hereinafter, in order to avoid confusion, referred to as the fifth wattmeter 353) are used to compare the actual power consumption with the recognized power consumption of the PCS350. When the difference is equal to or greater than a predetermined standard, it is proposed to configure the system to determine the failure of the PCS350.

[0081] By utilizing such information, the controller according to this embodiment can manage whether the PCS350 is operating in a steady state and can manage the accuracy of the PCS350.

[0082] On the one hand, according to this embodiment, when the power amount of any specific power meter among the first power meter 333 and the one or more second power meters 353, 363, 373 cannot be measured, the power distribution of the power grid can be controlled by measuring the power amounts of the other power meters excluding the specific power meter and / or the measured power amount of the specific power meter can be estimated. For example, in the failure situation of the first power meter 333, the measured values of the three second power meters 353, 363, 373 shown in FIG. 5 can be summed up to estimate the measured value of the failed first power meter 333. Similarly, when the third power meter 373 fails, the measured values of the other two fourth and fifth power meters 353, 363 can be subtracted from the measured value of the first power meter 333 to estimate the measured value of the third power meter 373.

[0083] FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the concept of grasping the power error in the PCS / power bank according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0084] In FIG. 6, the concept of utilizing additional power meters for the second power meters 353, 363, 373 shown in FIG. 5 is shown. Specifically, in FIG. 6, it is proposed that the second power meter further includes a sixth power meter 355 that measures the power amount output from the PCS 350 in addition to the fifth power meter 353 that measures the power amount distributed to the ESS 379 and input to the PCS 350.

[0085] Thereby, the controller according to this embodiment can compare the measured power amount of the fifth power meter 353 and the measured power amount of the sixth power meter 355 to control the error during the operation of the PCS 350.

[0086] Also, in FIG. 6, an example is shown in which the second power meter further includes a seventh power meter 365 that measures the power amount output from the power bank 360 and input to the charger 369 in addition to the fourth power meter 363 that measures the power amount distributed to the charger 369 and input to the power bank 360.

[0087] The controller according to this embodiment can compare the measured power consumption of the aforementioned fourth power meter 363 and the measured power consumption of the seventh power meter 365, and control the error at the start of charging and discharging of the charger 369.

[0088] Also, the controller according to an embodiment of the present invention can estimate the battery state of the ESS 379 during abnormal operation of the battery management system (BMS) of the ESS 379 based on the measured power consumption of the sixth power meter 355. For example, when the SoC of the battery of the ESS 379 cannot be estimated due to a failure of the BMS, the power flowing into the ESS 379 / the SoC of the battery in the ESS 379 can be estimated through the measured power consumption of the sixth power meter 355. FIG. 6 shows an example including a power meter 357 at the stage after passing through the DC distribution board after the power output of the PCS 350 for more specific estimation, but it is not limited thereto.

[0089] FIGS. 7 and 8 are diagrams for explaining the concept of grid separation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0090] Regarding FIG. 6, as described above, the controller further utilizes the measured power values of power meters such as the sixth power meter 355 and the seventh power meter 365, and determines whether the error at the start of charging and discharging of the charger 369 and / or the error during operation of the PCS 350 is equal to or greater than a predetermined standard.

[0091] If the controller determines that the error at the start of charging and discharging of the charger 369 and / or the error during operation of the PCS 350 is equal to or greater than a predetermined standard, the controller can control to separate the load 380 other than the ESS from the power grid as shown in FIG. 7, and / or can also control to separate the power grid from the distribution board 330 as shown in FIG. 8.

[0092] FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the configuration in which an energy storage device is arranged in a space according to an embodiment of the present invention and the configuration of power supply to other electrical devices.

[0093] Specifically, FIG. 9 shows an ESS 100 and other devices that supply power to a Supportive Power Region 30 and a Primary Power Region 40.

[0094] Here, the distinction between the "Supportive Power Region" and the "Primary Power Region" is that when adding a charger and an ESS at a specific location for the purpose of charging an electric vehicle, etc., from the perspective of existing users in that location, they are sensitive to problems occurring in their own power usage. Therefore, the power usage area of such existing users is defined as the Primary Power Usage Area, and the power usage in the Supportive Power Region is defined as a concept that minimizes the impact on the Primary Power Usage Area. The grid corresponding to the power source 10 can supply power to the Supportive Power Region 30 and the Primary Power Region 40. The ESS 100 can be arranged in the Supportive Power Region 30.

[0095] The power source 10 supplies power to the space and includes an AC Grid as an example. The power supplied by the power source 10 is distributed to two or more power regions 30, 40 in a predetermined power distribution device 20.

[0096] As an example, the power distribution device 20 supplies power to the Supportive Power Region 30 and the Primary Power Region 40. The power distribution device 20 takes a switchboard as an example.

[0097] The Primary Power Region 40 includes the region excluding the Supportive Power Region 30 among the regions supplied with power from the power source 10. The ESS 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention supplies power to the Supportive Power Region 30 and the Primary Power Region 40 and can be arranged in the Supportive Power Region 30.

[0098] The ESS100 and one or more chargers 50a,... 50n can be arranged in the supportive power region 30. A plurality of electrical devices 60a,... 60n can be arranged in the primary power region 40. Also, in the primary power region 40, another ESS different from the ESS100 arranged in the supportive power region 30 can be arranged. That is, another ESS different from the ESS100 can also be arranged as an electrical device (for example, 60m) within the primary power region 40.

[0099] In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the power distribution device 20 distributes power to the supportive power region 30 and the primary power region 40. A configuration without the power distribution device 20 can also be included in the embodiments of the present invention. In this case, the power supplied from the power source 10 is supplied to the supportive power region 30 and the primary power region 40 by one power line. Also, in the supportive power region 30, the ESS100 and chargers 50a,... 50n that receive part or all of the power from the ESS100 can be arranged.

[0100] An energy storage device (ESS) 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention can supply power to the supportive power region 30 and the primary power region 40 within the maximum range of the power supply provided by the power source 10. The energy storage device 100 charges or discharges according to the electrical demand or predicted demand used in the two regions 30 and 40.

[0101] For this purpose, a power measuring device 210 may be provided and connected to the supportive power region 30. Alternatively, the power measuring device 210 may be arranged within the supportive power region 30.

[0102] Also, a power measuring device 220 connected to the primary power region 40 may be arranged. Alternatively, the power measuring device 220 may be arranged within the primary power region 40.

[0103] Power meters 210 and 220 measure the amount of power being used in the installed area, taking an electricity quantity meter (electricity quantity gauge) as an example. Power meters 210 and 220 transmit the measured value (electricity quantity) to the ESS 100.

[0104] Also, according to an embodiment of the present invention, another power meter can be arranged in the power supply 10. In this case, the energy storage device 100 can confirm the magnitude of the power consumption of the power supply 10 in real time.

[0105] According to another embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage device 100 can calculate the total amount of power consumed by the power supply 10 by adding up the power consumption of the power meter 210 in the supportive power area 30 branched from the power distribution device 20 and the power consumption of the power meter 220 in the primary power area 40. This varies according to the implementation method, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0106] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of an ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0107] The ESS 100 includes an energy storage module 110 including a battery and a controller / controller 150.

[0108] The controller / controller 150 can utilize the electricity quantity measurement results of the supportive power area and the electricity quantity measurement results of the primary power area to determine the charging or discharging of the energy storage module 110. Also, the controller / controller 150 can determine whether to discharge to one or more chargers arranged in the supportive power area or to any one or more of the primary power areas.

[0109] The ESS 100 can include a Pack BMS 120 that manages the charging and discharging of the energy storage module 110. Also, the ESS 100 can selectively include a PMS 130 and a PCS 140. When the ESS 100 includes both the PMS 130 and the PCS 140, it is referred to as an integrated ESS.

[0110] Alternatively, depending on the configuration of the ESS100, the PMS130 and PCS140 may be physically separated from the ESS100 and configured as separate devices. The PMS130 and PCS140 can be operated independently as separate devices, exchange information through communication with the ESS100, and control the operation of the ESS100.

[0111] As shown in the figure, the energy storage module 110 of the ESS100 is composed of one or more battery modules and a module BMS (Module BMS) that manages the battery modules. One embodiment of the energy storage module 110 can include a battery pack consisting of one or more sets of battery module-module BMS.

[0112] The battery of the energy storage module 110 can be charged through the PCS140. The PCS140 stores the supplied electricity in the battery or discharges the electricity to the grid. In this process, the PCS140 can perform AC / DC conversion or convert the voltage, frequency, etc. of the incoming and outgoing electricity.

[0113] The PMS130 exchanges information through communication with the PCS140 and provides the PCS140 with information necessary for battery charging, discharging, and control.

[0114] The module BMS monitors the state of charge, discharge state, temperature, voltage, current, etc. of the battery to manage the battery. The pack BMS120 is a battery management system for the entire battery pack.

[0115] Controller 150 can determine whether to charge or discharge the energy storage module 110, or determine whether to discharge to one or more chargers arranged in the supportive power region or the primary power region, using the power measurement results of the supportive power region and the power measurement results of the primary power region. Also, according to one embodiment, the controller 150 can operate as one component integrated with the PMS 130.

[0116] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the controller 150 may be an independent component. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the controller 150 is embodied within the PMS 130, and the PMS 130 can provide the functions of the controller described herein.

[0117] FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an ESS configuration according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0118] Power supplied from the outside is applied to the battery pack 110d via the ground fault device (GFD) 127d and the switch gear 125d. As a detailed configuration of the switch gear 125d, one embodiment is the switched-mode power supply (SMPS) 121d and the pack BMS 120d.

[0119] The pack BMS 120d can perform control 128d and sensing 129d, can control an LED and a relay, and can sense current and voltage.

[0120] In FIG. 11, the switch gear 125d and the PMS 130d can constitute the controller 150 in the above-described embodiment.

[0121] When applying the above-described embodiment, the power supply network includes two or more power supply sources including a power grid and at least one energy storage system (energy storage device).

[0122] The ESS100 receives a power charging request from a power charger that is used to charge an object containing a rechargeable battery.

[0123] The ESS100 compares the sum of the charger power requirement (Charging Request) and the power amount (Primary Usage) defined for primary use with the maximum available power amount (Grid Max) from the power grid.

[0124] Also, when the maximum available power amount (Grid Max) from the power grid is less than or equal to the sum value, the ESS100 performs an operation for power assistance (the first procedure). Otherwise, the ESS100 can perform an operation for charging (the second procedure).

[0125] Also, the ESS100 selectively performs the first procedure or the second procedure, and the power grid alone, or the ESS100 alone, or both the power grid and the ESS can supply power to the power charger.

[0126] Here, the power amount (Primary Usage) defined for primary use is related to the power used in the primary power area 40 of the power grid. That is, it includes the load of the building and the like.

[0127] In one embodiment, the first procedure is that the energy storage system 100 determines and discharges the discharge power amount of the energy storage system and supplements the excess power of the maximum available power amount (Grid Max) from the power grid.

[0128] In one embodiment, the second procedure is that when the surplus power amount of the power grid is equal to or greater than the reference value, the ESS100 determines and charges the charging power amount of the ESS, and the surplus power of the power grid is used for charging. When the surplus power amount of the power grid is less than the reference value, the ESS100 enters the discharge standby mode.

[0129] The controller of the battery charging management system described above can not only efficiently control the power flow of the grid by utilizing a plurality of electricity meters, but also efficiently control the charging between the charger and the electric vehicle. Hereinafter, the charging control between the charger and the electric vehicle will be specifically described.

[0130] FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of an electric vehicle charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0131] The electric vehicle charging system 100 shown in FIG. 12 includes an electric vehicle 120 that receives power supply wiredly (or wirelessly) and a charger 110 that controls the transmission of power to the electric vehicle 120. The charger 110 displays, by means of a display unit 165, the amount of electric power actually charged into the battery of the electric vehicle 120 and the amount of power consumption due to charging, respectively.

[0132] The charger 110 is connected to the electric vehicle 120 by a power line 130. Alternatively, the charger 110 is connected to the electric vehicle 120 wirelessly.

[0133] In addition, the charger 110 includes at least one connector storage box, and each connector storage box contains a connector (for example: power line (RS485)) for supplying power to the electric vehicle 120. The power line 130 includes a power line (for example: RS485) for transmitting and receiving signals and power between the charger 110 and the electric vehicle 120.

[0134] FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a method of controlling the charging of an electric vehicle including a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0135] In this embodiment, the first amount-of-electricity information provided from the charger 110 to the battery 1210 of the electric vehicle 120 is acquired, and the second amount-of-electricity information provided from the charger 110 to the load 1220 other than the battery 1210 is also acquired. When this second amount-of-electricity information is equal to or greater than a predetermined standard, it is proposed to display warning information on the user device (for example, a mobile phone) of the charger 110 or the electric vehicle 120. That is, from the perspective of the user of the electric vehicle 120, when charging is billed based on the amount of electricity supplied from the charger 110, as described above, when the electricity supplied to the load 1220 other than the battery is equal to or greater than a predetermined standard, unnecessary billing may be performed. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed that not only the above-described warning is provided, but also the billing for the user is performed in consideration of both the first amount-of-electricity information and the second amount-of-electricity information described above.

[0136] The second amount-of-electricity information 1220 consumed by the load other than the battery includes the auxiliary power 1220a used for the V2L (Vehicle to Load) equipment, the power 1220b consumed for conditioning the battery (for example, an air conditioner for temperature adjustment, etc.), the power 1220c consumed by the BMS for managing the battery, etc. This second amount-of-electricity information 1220 is measured by the electricity meter 1230 of the electric vehicle as shown in FIG. 13.

[0137] In addition, the above-described second amount-of-electricity information 1220 further includes the loss power 1220d between the charger 110 and the electric vehicle 120. This loss power 1220d may be calculated by comparing the measured value by the electricity meter 1230 of the electric vehicle 120 with the measured value at the output end of the charger 110.

[0138] On the one hand, in one embodiment of the present invention, determining whether the second power amount information is equal to or greater than a predetermined standard can be determined by whether the second power amount 1220 exceeds the average of the conventionally measured values with respect to the power amount supplied to loads other than the battery. That is, when power above the average is supplied to loads other than the battery, which is different from normal, it is preferable to control to display a warning message to the user.

[0139] Also, in another embodiment of the present invention, determining whether the second power amount information is equal to or greater than a predetermined standard may be to dynamically calculate the difference between the power amount information provided from the charger to the electric drive mobile device and the power amount information provided to the battery, and determine whether it is equal to or greater than a predetermined standard.

[0140] FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a power measurement device disposed inside a charger and an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0141] The charger 110 of this embodiment is provided with an EVSE (Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment) 112 and a power module 114. The power module 114 may be provided in a DC charger and may not be provided in an AC charger. Further, the charger 110 may be provided with an SECC (Supply Equipment Communication Controller) 111 which is a device that communicates with a communication unit (for example, EVCC) 210 of the electric vehicle 120 and controls a charging procedure.

[0142] The power module 114 may include a rectifier, and the rectifier can perform a function of converting external power supplied to the charger 110 into a voltage for supplying to the electric vehicle 120. For example, the EVCC corresponds to a communication controller that controls communication between a control device inside the electric vehicle and a charging infrastructure for rapid and slow charging of the electric vehicle.

[0143] This EVCC transmits and receives signals related to charging state control such as voltage and current, or charge information, to and from the charger 110.

[0144] The SECC 111 communicates with the charging management server via wired or wireless communication, and transmits and receives electric vehicle information and charging information to and from the communication unit (e.g., EVCC) 210 provided in the electric vehicle 120. The communication unit 164 of the charger 110 provides the charging management server with the amount of charge charged to the electric vehicle 120, the electric vehicle identification symbol, and the charger identification symbol.

[0145] The charger 110 receives information related to the charging of the electric vehicle 120 (e.g., battery charging voltage, consumption voltage consumed by each device in the electric vehicle, battery 280 state information, etc.) from the electric vehicle 120. Further, the charger 110 transmits such charging-related information to the charging management server. The charging management server is communicably connected to the charger 110 and exchanges information related to the charging of this electric vehicle 120.

[0146] The power measurement device in FIG. 14 provides characteristic information of the electric vehicle. On the other hand, the charger 110 receives information related to power from the electric vehicle. Further, in the process of the charger 110 supplying power to the electric vehicle, the charger 110 receives the result of charging the battery from the electric vehicle, and thereby can confirm the characteristics of the electric vehicle's charging. Also, in this process, the charger 110 can confirm the leaked power or the amount of power used unrelated to battery charging.

[0147] The detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed as described above is provided so that those skilled in the art can embody and implement the present invention. Above, the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to examples, but those skilled in the relevant technical field will understand that the present invention can be variously modified and changed without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, those skilled in the art can use the respective configurations described in the above-described embodiments in a combined manner with each other.

[0148] Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles disclosed herein and each novel feature.

Industrial Applicability

[0149] The battery charging management system according to the embodiments of the present invention as described above and the charging control method using the same can be utilized not only for charging electric vehicles but also for charging various electrically driven mobile devices.

Claims

1. In a battery charging management system including an ESS (Energy Storage System), a first electricity quantity meter for measuring the amount of electricity supplied from a power grid; one or more second electricity quantity meters configured to measure the amount of electricity distributed from the power grid to a charger, the ESS, and loads other than the ESS via one or more distribution boards; and a controller configured to control the power distribution of the power grid based on the electricity quantity information of each of the first electricity quantity meter and the one or more second electricity quantity meters, wherein the ESS uses a battery that supports a charge / discharge rate equal to or higher than a predetermined standard, the battery charging management system.

2. The battery charging management system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined standard is selected within a range of 0.5 C-Rate to 5 C-Rate.

3. The battery charging management system according to claim 1, wherein the ESS is an ESS based on a vanadium ion battery (VIB).

4. The second electricity quantity meter includes a third electricity quantity meter for measuring the amount of electricity distributed to loads other than the ESS, and the controller compares the measured electricity quantity of the first electricity quantity meter with the measured electricity quantity of the third electricity quantity meter to control the load consumption, the battery charging management system according to claim 1.

5. The second electricity quantity meter includes a fourth electricity quantity meter for measuring the amount of electricity distributed to the charger, and the controller compares the measured electricity quantity of the first electricity quantity meter with the measured electricity quantity of the fourth electricity quantity meter to control the power consumption of the charger, the battery charging management system according to claim 1.

6. The controller when the electricity quantity measurement of any specific electricity quantity meter among the first electricity quantity meter and the one or more second electricity quantity meters cannot be performed, performs one or more of controlling the power distribution of the power grid by measuring the electricity quantity of other electricity quantity meters excluding the specific electricity quantity meter and estimating the measured electricity quantity of the specific electricity quantity meter, the battery charging management system according to claim 1.

7. The second electricity quantity meter includes a fifth electricity quantity meter for measuring the power distributed to the ESS and input to a power conversion system (PCS); and a sixth electricity quantity meter for measuring the power output from the PCS, The controller compares the measured power consumption of the fifth power meter with the measured power consumption of the sixth power meter to control the error during the operation of the PCS. The battery charging management system according to claim 1.

8. The second power meter A fourth power meter that is distributed to the charger and measures the power consumption input to the power bank; and A seventh power meter that measures the power consumption output from the power bank and input to the charger, The controller compares the measured power consumption of the fourth power meter with the measured power consumption of the seventh power meter to control the error at the start of charge and discharge of the charger. The battery charging management system according to claim 1.

9. When the error at the start of charge and discharge of the charger or the error during the operation of the PCS is equal to or greater than a predetermined standard, The battery charging management system according to claim 7 or 8, which performs one or more of separating a load other than the ESS from the power grid and separating the power grid from the distribution board.

10. The controller estimates the battery state of the ESS during abnormal operation of the battery management system (BMS) of the ESS based on the measured power consumption of the sixth power meter. The battery charging management system according to claim 7.

11. The controller compares the measured power consumption of the first power meter with the measured power consumption of the one or more second power meters to manage abnormal power leakage. The battery charging management system according to claim 1.

12. The controller Obtains first power consumption information provided from the charger to the battery of the electric drive mobile device, Obtains second power consumption information provided from the charger to a load other than the battery of the electric drive mobile device; When the second power consumption information is equal to or greater than a predetermined standard, controls to display warning information on the charger or a user device of the electric drive mobile device. The battery charging management system according to claim 1.

13. In a method for controlling the charging of an electric drive mobile device including a battery, Obtaining first power consumption information provided from the charger to the battery; Obtaining second power consumption information provided from the charger to a load other than the battery; A charging control method for an electric drive mobile device, including displaying warning information on the charger or a user device of the electric drive mobile device when the second power amount information is equal to or greater than a predetermined standard.

14. The second power amount information is the power consumed for conditioning the battery, the loss power between the charger and the electric drive mobile device, the auxiliary power used for V2L (Vehicle to Load) equipment, The charging control method for an electric drive mobile device according to claim 13, corresponding to the power amount information of the power including any one or more of the above.

15. Determining whether the second power amount information is equal to or greater than the predetermined standard includes determining whether the second power amount exceeds the average of the power amounts supplied to loads other than the battery. The charging control method for an electric drive mobile device according to claim 13.

16. Determining whether the second power amount information is equal to or greater than the predetermined standard includes determining whether the difference between the third power amount information provided from the charger to the electric drive mobile device and the first power amount information is equal to or greater than a second predetermined standard. The charging control method for an electric drive mobile device according to claim 13.

17. The second power amount information is the power consumed for conditioning the battery, the loss power between the charger and the electric drive mobile device, the auxiliary power used for V2L (Vehicle to Load) equipment, The charging control method for an electric drive mobile device according to claim 13, obtained by a power meter that measures any one or more of the above.

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