Refractive and hybrid lenses for compact folding telephoto cameras

Abstract

A foldable digital camera for use in a mobile device such as a smartphone, comprising: a lens having N≧4 lens elements, an effective focal length (EFL) and an f-number f / #, a folded optical path element (OPFE), and an image sensor having a sensor diagonal SD. Some of the lenses may be metalens or include metalens elements. In some cameras, the lenses are located on the subject side of the OPFE and are 8mm <EFL<50mm、SD / EFL> 0.4, f / #<2.75. For some cameras with M ≥ 1 lens element and O = NM lens elements, the 8mm <EFL<40mmであり、SD / EFL> It is 0.3.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is related to and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 386,912, filed December 11, 2022, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 476,406, filed December 21, 2023, U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 495,141, filed April 10, 2022, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 543,309, filed October 10, 2023, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

[0002] The subject matter of this disclosure relates generally to the field of digital cameras.

[0003] definition In this application and for optical and other properties referred to throughout the description and figures, the following symbols and abbreviations are used, all relating to terms known in the art. Total Track Length (TTL): The maximum distance measured along an axis parallel to the optical axis of the lens between a point on the front surface S1 of the first lens element L1 and the image sensor when the system is focused at infinity object distance. Back Focal Length (BFL): The length of the last lens element, L, when the system is focused at infinity. N Rear S 2N The minimum distance between a point on the image sensor and the image sensor, measured along an axis parallel to the optical axis of the lens. Effective focal length (EFL): Lens (lens elements L1 to L N The distance between the rear principal point P' and the rear focal point F' of a lens in an optical assembly. f-number (f / #): The ratio of the EFL to the entrance pupil diameter (or "aperture diameter" or "DA") of a lens. [Background technology]

[0004] Multi-aperture cameras (or "multi-cameras," of which a "dual camera" having two cameras is an example) are the standard in today's portable, handheld mobile devices ("mobile devices," e.g., smartphones, tablets, headsets, etc.). Multi-cameras are compact in size, i.e., have a relatively small height (or thickness), width, and length, making them beneficial for use in compact mobile devices. Multi-cameras typically have a wide field of view (or "angle") FOV. W camera ("wide" camera or "W" camera) and e.g. (FOV W and at least one additional camera having a narrower field of view (FOV) than the T Telephoto or "Tele" camera with a wide field of view (FOV) UW (FOV W It has a wider "UW" camera.

[0005] FIG. 1A shows a schematic diagram of an example of a known folding telephoto camera 100. The camera 100 includes a lens 102, an optical path folding element (OPFE) 104 (e.g., a prism or mirror), and an image sensor 106. The OPFE 104 folds a first optical path ("OP1") 108 into a second OP2 110. Light from a scene passes through the lens 102, is reflected off the OPFE 104, and impinges on the image sensor 106. Here and below, "height" (e.g., the height H of the lens 102 as shown) is used to refer to the height of the lens 102. L or the height H of the image sensor 106 S ) is measured along an axis parallel to OP1 108 and is referred to as a "length" (e.g., the length L of lens 102 as shown). L ) is measured along an axis parallel to OP2 110. Lens 102 has L1 through L N Lens 102 is positioned on the object side of OPFE and has a lens optical axis (“OA”) parallel to OP1 108, and a lens height (or lens thickness) H L and lens length (or lens width) L LΔLO denotes the distance between the lens 102 and the OPFE 104. OPFE denotes the overall length of OPFE 104 in the z-axis direction. OPFE 104 may be oriented at a 45 degree angle relative to OP1 and OP2, resulting in a height H of OPFE 104. OPFE In contrast, H OPFE =L OPFE The TTL and BFL of camera 100 are split into TTL1 and TTL2 and BFL1 and BFL2, respectively. TTL1 and BFL1 are parallel to OP1 108, and TTL2 and BFL2 are parallel to OP2 110. TTL = TTL1 + TTL2, BFL = BFL1 + BFL2. The aperture of camera 100 is numbered 112 and has an aperture diameter (“DA”). Such known folding telephoto cameras are disclosed, for example, in PCT / IB2022 / 055745, which is incorporated herein in its entirety. In all examples disclosed herein, the f / # of a camera such as camera 100 is given by f / # = EFL / DA.

[0006] The length of the camera module containing the camera, such as camera 100 ("minimum module length" or "ML M ") and its first height ("Minimum Module Height" or "MH M ") and its second height ("Minimum Shoulder Height" or "MH S " <MH M The theoretical limit of ML is shown. M , M.H. S , and M.H. M is defined by the smallest dimensions of the components included in the camera 100. The camera module has a housing 114. The housing 114 defines the size (or dimensions) of the camera module. The camera module has a height H M module area 116 and height H S <H M and a shoulder region 118.

[0007] To estimate theoretical limits for the minimum dimensions of a camera module including the optical lens system described herein, the following parameters and interdependencies are introduced: Note that, as opposed to the "theoretical limits" defined above, parameters such as "module length," "module height," and "shoulder height" define the dimensions of a camera module as defined by a housing, such as housing 114.

[0008] ML M and "module length" ("L M ") Minimum module length (ML M ") is the theoretical limit of the length of the camera module including all components of the camera 100. ML M =Z Lens -Z Sensor , where Z Lens is the maximum z value of the lens 102, and Z Sensor is the minimum z value of the image sensor 106. In other words, ML M represents the maximum distance from any part of the lens 102 to any part of the image sensor 106. Camera module length (L M To achieve a realistic estimate of the length of the ML, for example, 3.5 mm M may be added to, i.e., L M =ML M +3.5mm. The additional length accounts for lens stroke that may be required for optical image stabilization (OIS), as well as for image sensor packaging, housing, etc. Other examples may add +5mm, or +2.5mm, or even +2mm.

[0009] Minimum module region length (MRL) M MRL M is the height H M is the theoretical module region length limit of the module region 116 having MRL. Mis defined by the lens 102 contained in the module area 116, i.e., MRL M =L L is.

[0010] Minimum shoulder region length (MRL) S and shoulder length ("L S ") MRL S is the height H S <H M is the theoretical modular region length limit of the shoulder region 118 having the MRL. S is defined by the image sensor 106 contained in the shoulder region 118. MRL S =ML M -MRL M . In general, for a given ML M From the industrial design point of view, MRL S Maximize (MRL M (minimizing ) can be beneficial as it can minimize BL (Figure 1B). L S To achieve a realistic estimate of the MRL, for example, a length of 2.5 mm is used. S may be added to, i.e., L S =MRL S In other examples, +5mm, or +2mm, or even +1.5mm may be added.

[0011] MH M and "Module height" ("H M ") MH M is the theoretical limit of the height of the module area 116. MH M is given by the difference between the lowest y-value occupied by the image sensor 106 and the highest y-value occupied by the lens 102. In other words, MH measured along OP1 108 M represents the maximum distance from any part of the lens 102 to any part of the image sensor 106. HM To achieve a realistic estimate of MH M An additional height of 1.5 mm can be added to the M =MH M +1.5mm. The additional length accounts for housing, lens cover, etc. In other examples, +3mm, or +1mm, or even +0.5mm can be added.

[0012] Minimum shoulder height (MH S " ) and "Shoulder height" ("H S ") MH S is the theoretical limit of the height h. In some cases, the shoulder region 118 S is the height H of the image sensor 106 Sensor may be determined solely by, i.e., MH S =H Sensor is. The image sensor 106 may have a width:height ratio of 4:3, so that the full sensor diagonal (SD) is SD=5 / 3·H Sensor is given by H S MH S is estimated by adding an additional height of, say, 1.5 mm to S =MH S +1.5 mm. The additional height takes into account the contact sensor 106 as well as the housing. In other examples, +3 mm, or +1 mm, or even +0.5 mm may be added.

[0013] FIG. 1B schematically illustrates, in cross-section, a mobile device 120 (e.g., a smartphone) including a known foldable telephoto camera 100. The aperture 112 of the camera 100 is located on a back (or “world-facing”) surface 122, facing toward the scene, and a front (or “user-facing”) surface 124 opposite the surface 122 may include, for example, a screen (not shown). The mobile device 120 may include a processor, such as an application processor (“AP”). The processor may be configured to process image data captured by a wide camera, a telephoto camera, and / or a UW camera included in the mobile device. The mobile device 120 has a normal region 126 of thickness (“T”) and a camera bump region 128 raised above the normal region 126 by a bump height B. The bump region 128 has a bump length (“BL”) and a bump thickness T+B. As shown, the module region 116 may be integrated into the bump region 128, and the shoulder region 118 may be integrated into the normal region 126. For industrial design reasons, a small camera bump (i.e., short BL) and a thin camera bump (i.e., low B) are desired. The camera 100 is only partially integrated into the bump region, which allows for a relatively short BL. Generally, for slim mobile devices, the MH M and M.H. S It is beneficial to minimize MH M is interesting because it allows us to minimize B. In the case of a compact camera, ML M It is also beneficial to minimize the MRL. M Minimizing is interesting because it allows us to minimize BL. Min is the theoretical minimum height B of the camera bump area 128, and B Min =H M -T is given by

[0014] FIG. 1C schematically illustrates an example of a folding telephoto camera disclosed herein, designated 130. Camera 130 includes lens 132 having a plurality of N lens elements (here, N=4), designated L1 through L4, with L1 facing toward the subject. Camera 130 further includes OPFE 134, which folds a first optical path OP1 138 into a second optical path OP2 140, and an image sensor 136. The camera may be included within housing 142, as shown. In camera 130, OP 138 is substantially parallel to the y-axis and lens OA. OP2 140 is oriented perpendicular to image sensor 136. OP2 140 forms an angle α with the z-axis, and thus, with respect to OP2 140, it is referred to as a "tilted OP." OPFE 134 forms an angle β with the y-axis where β>45 degrees and an angle 90-β<45 degrees with the z-axis. At the time of tilt of OP 140, BFL2 and TTL2 are the components measured along the y-axis ("TTL2"), respectively. y ", "BFL2 y " ) and the component measured along the z-axis (" TTL2 z ", "BFL2 z "), and therefore BFL2=sqrt(BFL2 y 2 +BFL2 z 2 ) and TTL2=sqrt(TTL2 y 2 +TTL2 z 2 At the tilt OP, the sensor 136 forms an angle of 2×(β−45) with the y-axis.

[0015] The advantages of such a camera with tilted OP are: 1. Incorporation of a large image sensor, for example 1 / 2.5 inch or larger. A large image sensor is useful for capturing a relatively large amount of light. 2. Low f / #: A low f / # is beneficial for capturing a relatively large amount of light and for imaging with a relatively high spatial (or pixel) resolution. 3.More compact module size, i.e. MH Mand M.L. M can be smaller for a camera with non-tilted OP (assuming the same EFL, lens aperture and image sensor size for cameras with tilted and non-tilted OP, respectively).

[0016] 1D schematically illustrates, in cross section, another mobile device 150 having the dimensions and components as described in FIGS. 1B and 1C, including a folding telephoto camera 130. Camera 130 is fully integrated into camera bump area 128. The lens elements of lens 132 may be carried by a lens barrel.

[0017] In other examples, the housing of a folding telephoto camera, such as folding telephoto camera 130, as shown for folding telephoto camera 100, may have a module area height H M and a shoulder region having a height H S <H M Such a telephoto camera may be included in a mobile device, as shown for mobile device 120. That is, the shoulder region may be included in a normal region of the mobile device, and the module region may be included in a camera bump region of the mobile device.

[0018] The advantage of the camera 100 and the camera 130 is that for a given H M(or for a given bump thickness T+B), a relatively large aperture diameter ("DA") can be achieved, which results in a relatively low f / #. This is because the optical power of lens 102 and lens 132, respectively, concentrates the light before it enters OPFE 104 and OPFE 134, respectively. By "concentrating light," we mean that a first circle that includes all light rays that are oriented perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens and form an image at the image sensor, the first circle being located on the object side of the lens, is larger than a second circle that includes all light rays that are oriented perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens and form an image at the image sensor, the second circle being located on the image side of the lens and the object side of the OPFE. H of camera 100 and camera 130 M (and therefore B) is H L is limited by H M To reduce H L must be reduced.

[0019] The inclusion of conventional diffractive lenses (CDLs) in the category of "normal" (or "refractive") lenses is H LIt is known that this technology can significantly reduce the lens height, such as the lens weight. The same can be said for the lens weight. Here, a conventional lens refers to a lens containing multiple N refractive lens elements, all made of glass and / or plastic. When one or more CDLs or diffractive lenses are incorporated into a conventional lens, it is called a "hybrid" lens. For example, Canon describes the capabilities of CDLs in terms of chromatic aberration correction in hybrid lenses in their paper "Research on multi-layer diffractive optical elements and their application to camera lenses" (T. Nakai and H. Ogawa, in Diffractive Optics and Micro-Optics, R. Magnusson, ed., Vol. 75 of OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics Series (Optica Publishing Group, 2002), paper DMA2.). Plastic and glass lenses exhibit positive chromatic aberration, meaning that blue light is refracted more strongly than red light. In contrast, CDLs exhibit negative chromatic aberration, meaning that red light is refracted more strongly than blue light. Combining these properties in a hybrid lens allows for efficient and slim chromatic aberration correction, which allows for lower H while still supporting a given set of lens parameters such as EFL, TTL, f / #, etc. L As detailed above, the camera 100 allows for a lower H L is lower than H M, thus enabling slimmer camera modules. Recently, significant progress has been made in the field of metalenses ("MLs"), as detailed in the paper "The advantages of metalenses over diffractive lenses," J. Engelberg and U. Levy, Nat Commun 11, 1991 (2020). MLs are formed on a first surface of a substrate by fabricating specific nanostructures on the first surface. That is, the MLs are located only on the first side of the substrate. In MLs, phase is induced via the optical response of the nanostructures. MLs are distinguished from CDLs by their smaller structure size. A metalense is called a metalens when it contains a subwavelength quasiperiodic structure, while a CDL is called a CDL when it contains a superwavelength quasiperiodic structure. MLs share many of the properties of DOEs, namely, the property of exhibiting negative chromatic aberration. Therefore, H-type lenses, which are refractive plastic (and / or glass) lenses, as well as hybrid lenses containing one or more MLs, are becoming increasingly popular. L is the H of a normal lens that contains only refractive lenses. L It is reasonable to assume that the variance can be significantly lower than

[0020] It would be beneficial to have slim regular lenses, as well as hybrid lenses including a plastic (and / or glass) lens and one or more ML lenses, that enable slim mobile cameras. Such slim regular lenses and hybrid lenses are disclosed herein. Summary of the Invention

[0021] In various exemplary embodiments, a lens optical axis OA, N≧4 lens elements L i , effective focal length EFL, aperture diameter DA, f-number f / #, total track length TTL, and back focal length BFL, and each lens element has its own focal length f i , with the first lens element L1 facing the object side and the last lens element L NA camera comprising a lens facing the image side, an image sensor having a full sensor diagonal SD, and an optical path bending element OPFE for providing a bent optical path between the subject and the image sensor, wherein the camera is a folding digital camera, the lens is disposed on the subject side of the OPFE, the EFL is in the range of 8 mm < EFL < 50 mm, SD / EFL > 0.4, and f / # < 2.75.

[0022] In some examples, f / # < 2.7. In some examples, f / # < 2.6. In some examples, f / # < 2.5.

[0023] In some examples, the OPFE is oriented at an angle β with respect to the lens OA, and 45 < β ≦ 65 degrees. In some examples, 45 < β ≦ 60 degrees. In some examples, 45 < β ≦ 55 degrees. In some examples, 46 < β ≦ 50 degrees.

[0024] In some examples, SD / EFL > 0.5.

[0025] In some examples, the camera is included in a camera module having a module height H M and SD / H M > 0.7.

[0026] In some examples, the camera is included in a camera module having a module height H M and SD / H M > 0.75.

[0027] In some examples, N = 4, and the power sequence of the lens elements L1 to L4 is plus - minus - plus - plus.

[0028] In some examples, each lens element L i has a lens element thickness T i and a minimum lens element radius (D / 2) i and for each of L2, L3, and L4, T i / (D / 2) iIn some instances, the ratio of T for each of L2 and L3 is <0.25. i / (D / 2) i <0.2.

[0029] In some instances, the camera has an aperture stop located on the image side of the lens.

[0030] In some cases, the lens has a lens height H L the nearest gap G between all pairs of consecutive lens elements is less than 0.2 mm, and the ratio G / H L <5% are met. In some cases, G / H L <2.5%.

[0031] In some instances, the largest G is located between L3 and L4.

[0032] In some cases, the lens has a lens height H L and the distance between L1 and L3 (d L1-L3 ) is d L1-L3 <0.75mm, ratio d L1-L3 / H L <0.2 is satisfied. In some cases, d L1-L3 / H L <0.15.

[0033] In some instances, TTL / EFL<1.05.

[0034] In some examples, the lens has a lens height H measured along OP1. L and the ratio is H L / TTL<0.4. In some cases, H L / TTL<0.35.

[0035] In some instances, BFL / TTL>0.5.

[0036] In some examples, S8 is the image-side surface of L4 and has a lens element surface diameter D8, and the ratio of D8 to DA satisfies DA / D8>1.3. In some examples, DA / D8>1.4.

[0037] In some embodiments, the anterior surface of L3 and the posterior surface of L3 are both concave toward the subject side.

[0038] In some embodiments, the anterior surface of L4 and the posterior surface of L4 are both convex toward the subject side.

[0039] In some instances, the anterior surface of L3 and the posterior surface of L3 both include two deflection points.

[0040] In some cases, 5 mm <DA<8mmである。

[0041] In some instances, 10 mm <EFL<20mmである。

[0042] In some cases, 5 mm <SD<10mmである。

[0043] In some instances, all of the lens elements are made of plastic.

[0044] In some instances, the camera is <H M Module height H in the range of <15mm M In some examples, the camera module includes a 9 mm <H M <12mm.

[0045] In some examples, the lens is a cut lens cut along an axis parallel to the lens optical axis. In some examples, the lens is cut by 20% relative to the axisymmetric lens diameter, H M is reduced by >7.5% by cutting.

[0046] In various exemplary embodiments, N≧4 lens elements L i and the lens height H L, having an effective focal length EFL and a total track length TTL, each lens element having a respective focal length f i and a lens in which the first lens element L1 faces the subject side and the final lens element L N faces the image side, an image sensor having a full sensor diagonal SD, and an optical path folding element OPFE for folding a first optical path OP1 into a second optical path OP2 perpendicular to OP1, the camera comprising a lens, the camera being a folding camera, the lens being located on the subject side of the OPFE, having an optical axis of the lens parallel to OP1, EFL being within the range of 8 mm < EFL < 40 mm, the lens element with M≧1 being a meta-lens, the lens element with O = N - M being a refractive lens, and a camera with SD / EFL>0.3 is provided.

[0047] In some examples, SD / EFL>0.35. In some examples, SD / EFL>0.4.

[0048] In some examples, H L / TTL < 20%.

[0049] In some examples, M = 1, the single meta-lens having a positive focal length f M and f M / EFL>7.5. In some examples with M = 1 and positive f M f M / EFL>15. In some examples with M = 1 and positive f M f M / EFL>30. In some examples with M = 1 and positive f M 7.5 < f M / EFL < 100. In some examples with M = 1 and positive f M 10 < f M / EFL < 50.

[0050] In some examples with M = 1, 100 mm < f M < 1500 mm. In some examples with M = 1, 200 mm < f M < 1000 mm.

[0051] In some examples where M=1, a single metalens element includes L2. In some examples where M=1, a single metalens element includes L4.

[0052] In some examples, M=2, the two metalens elements are L2 and L4, and L2 is the focal length f M1 and L4 is the focal length f M2 and f M1 and f M2 Both are positive. In some such cases, 7.5 <f M1 / EFL and f M2 / EFL<100. In some such cases, 10 <f M1 / EFL and f M2 / EFL<50. In some such cases, f M1 and f M2 Both are 100mm <f M1 , f M2 <1500 mm. In some such cases, M1 and f M2 Both are 200mm <f M1 , f M2 <1000mm. In some cases, 0.25 <f M1 / f M2 <1.

[0053] In some instances, all of the refractive lenses are plastic lenses.

[0054] In some examples, each of the M metalenses is positioned on the object side of the substrate, and the substrate H Substrate The height is 0.1 mm <H Substrate <1mm and the substrate is made of glass.

[0055] In some examples, each of the M metalenses is positioned on the object side of the substrate, and the substrate H Substrate The height is 0.15mm <H Substrate <0.75mm and the substrate is made of glass.

[0056] In some examples, N = 4, and the power sequence of the lens elements L1 to L4 is positive - positive - negative - positive. In some examples, N = 4, f3 is negative, and its magnitude is |f3| < EFL / 2.5. In some examples, N = 4, f3 is negative, and its magnitude is |f3| < EFL / 5.

[0057] In some examples, f1 is positive and f1 < EFL / 2. In some examples, f1 is positive and f1 < EFL / 1.5.

[0058] In some examples, N = 4, and the power sequence of the lens elements L1 to L4 is positive - negative - negative - positive.

[0059] In some examples, N = 5, and the power sequence of the lens elements L1 to L5 is positive - positive - negative - positive - positive.

[0060] In some examples, 10 mm < EFL < 30 mm. In some examples, 12.5 mm < EFL < 27.5 mm.

[0061] In some examples, TTL / EFL < 1.05. In some examples, TTL / EFL < 1.0.

[0062] In some examples, BFL / TTL > 0.75. In some examples, BFL / TTL > 0.8.

[0063] In some examples, 4 mm < SD < 15 mm. In some examples, SD > 6 mm. In some examples, SD > 9 mm.

[0064] In some examples, 4 mm < DA < 11 mm and 2 < f / # < 6.5. In some examples, 6 mm < DA < 9 mm and 3 < f / # < 5.

[0065] In some examples, f / # < 4.0.

[0066] In some instances, the OPFE is a mirror.

[0067] In some instances, the camera is <H M Module height H in the range of <15mm M In some examples, the camera module includes a 9 mm <H M <13.5mm.

[0068] In some examples, the camera is included in a camera module, and the camera module has a module length L M L M <EFLである。

[0069] In some examples, the lens and OPFE are included in the module area and the image sensor is included in the shoulder area.

[0070] In some examples, the camera is included in a mobile device, which in some examples is a smartphone.

[0071] In some examples, a mobile device is provided that includes any of the above cameras, wherein the mobile device has a device thickness T and a camera bump height B, the camera bump area has an elevated height T+B, and the camera is fully integrated into the camera bump.

[0072] In some instances, such cameras may have a module area height H M a first module region having a shoulder region height H S and a second shoulder region having a M >H S In some cases, DA > H S -3mm. In some cases, DA > H S -2mm. In some cases, DA > H S -1mm. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0073] Non-limiting examples of embodiments disclosed herein are described below with reference to the figures accompanying this specification, listed after this paragraph. The drawings and description are intended to illustrate and clarify the examples disclosed herein and should not be considered limiting in any way.

[0074] [Figure 1A] 1 shows a known folding telephoto camera. [Figure 1B] 1B illustrates a schematic diagram of a known mobile device having an exterior surface and including the known foldable telephoto camera of FIG. 1A; [Figure 1C] 1 shows another known folding telephoto camera. [Figure 1D] 1D illustrates schematically another known mobile device having an exterior surface and including the known foldable telephoto camera of FIG. 1C; [Figure 2A] 1 illustrates an example of a folding telephoto camera refractive lens optical system as disclosed herein. [Figure 2B] 1 illustrates another example of a folding telephoto camera refractive lens optical system disclosed herein. [Figure 3] 1 illustrates an example of a folding telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system as disclosed herein. [Figure 4] 1 illustrates another example of a folding telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system disclosed herein. [Figure 5] 1 illustrates yet another example of a folding telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system as disclosed herein. [Figure 6] 1 illustrates yet another example of a folding telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system as disclosed herein. [Figure 7] 1 illustrates yet another example of a folding telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system as disclosed herein. [Figure 8] 1 illustrates yet another example of a folding telephoto camera hybrid lens optical system as disclosed herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0075] In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the subject matter disclosed herein may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods and features have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the subject matter of the present disclosure.

[0076] All optical lens systems disclosed below can be used in (or incorporated into) known folding cameras, such as folding camera 100 or folding camera 130, and the resulting cameras can be used in mobile devices, such as mobile device 120 or mobile device 150. For clarity, all examples of optical lens systems disclosed herein are useful for use in smartphones, tablets, and the like. Values and dimensions of cameras and mobile devices incorporating the optical lens systems disclosed herein are set forth in Table 1. Table 1 uses the definitions and descriptions provided in FIGS. 1A-D.

[0077] "N" indicates the number of lens elements in the lens. "M" refers to the number of metalens elements in the lens. "ML position" refers to the position within the lens where the metalens is included. "f M1 " indicates the focal length (in mm) of the first metalens element included in the lens. "f M2 " indicates the focal length (in mm) of the second metalens element included in the lens. "Type" indicates whether the optical lens system is a conventional lens (comprising only glass and / or plastic lens elements) or a hybrid lens (comprising glass and / or plastic lens elements as well as at least one metalens element). SD is the (full) sensor diagonal of the image sensor (in mm). "35mm EqFL" indicates the focal length of the optical system equivalent to 35mm. "DA" indicates the aperture diameter (unit: mm). The (diagonal) field of view ("FOV") is given in degrees. "H L " indicates the height (or thickness) of the lens as defined in Figures 1A and 1C (in mm). L (200) refers to the (reference) lens height of Example 200. H L =TTL1-BFL1 MH M , M.H. S , M.L. M , H M , H S , L M is defined above and is given in mm.

[0078] [Table 1]

[0079] FIG. 2A illustrates an example of an optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 200. Optical lens system 200 includes a regular (or "refractive") lens, i.e., a lens that does not include a metalens. Optical lens system 200 includes lens 202 having a plurality of N lens elements (here, N=4), numbered L1 through L4, with L1 facing toward the object. Optical lens system 200 further includes OPFE 204, which folds a first OP 208 into a second OP 210, an image sensor 206, and an (optional) optical element 212, such as an IR filter. In optical lens system 200, OP 208 is substantially parallel to the y-axis, and OP 210 is substantially parallel to the z-axis. The lens optical axis of lens 202 is oriented parallel to OP 208. OPFE 204 forms a 45-degree angle with both the y-axis and the z-axis. Here, the OPFE 204 is a mirror.

[0080] The lens 202 is positioned on the subject side of the OPFE 204. The TTL and BFL of the camera 200 are oriented along two axes. The first portion, TTL1 and BFL1 respectively, is parallel to the OP 208, and the second portion, TTL2 and BFL2 respectively, is parallel to the OP 210. TTL = TTL1 + TTL2, BFL = BFL1 + BFL2, and TTL2 = BFL2. The lens height H of the lens 202 is L is H L =TTL1-BFL1. The light rays pass through lens 202 and are reflected by mirror 204 to form an image on image sensor 206. Figure 2 shows three fields with six light rays in each field. This is also true for all further optical lens systems disclosed herein.

[0081] MH M Note that the value of Θ depends on (i) the position (or location) of OPFE 204 relative to the y-axis, and (ii) the amount of light entering camera 200. For (i), the position of OPFE 204 can be changed by increasing or decreasing ΔΘ. Here, ΔΘ = 0.65 mm, and MH M In another example, ΔLO may be in the range of ΔLO=0.05 mm to 2 mm, so that MH M =10.6mm~12.55mm. TTL does not change, so ML M The height of the mirror 204 may vary accordingly. For (ii), the height of the mirror 204 may be defined to include all on-axis rays, i.e., the mirror 204 may have a lower limit marked "on-axis." In another example, the height of the mirror 204 may also be defined to include all off-axis rays, i.e., the mirror 204 may have a lower limit marked "off-axis." For the image sensor 206, SD=10.2 mm. This is relatively large compared to often used image sensors, which have, for example, SD=5.3 mm (1 / 3" image sensor). Large image sensors are beneficial for achieving high image quality. All optical lens systems disclosed herein are designed to be sized for a given EFL and a given H Mincorporates a relatively large image sensor. That is, all the optical lens systems disclosed in this specification have a relatively large ratio of SD / EFL and SD / H M , for example, achieving SD / EFL > 0.4 and SD / H M > 0.75. In the optical lens system 200, EFL = 23.5 mm. In the optical lens system 250, EFL = 15.2 mm. In other examples, EFL may be within the range of 8 mm < EFL < 50 mm.

[0082] The lens 202 includes a plurality of N lens elements L i (where "i" is an integer from 1 to N). L1 is the lens element closest to the subject side, and L N is the lens element closest to the image side, i.e., the side where the image sensor is located. This order applies to all the lenses and lens elements disclosed in this specification. The N lens elements are axially symmetric along an optical (lens) axis parallel to OP 208. Each lens element L i has its respective front surface S 2i-1 (the subscript "2i - 1" is the number of the front surface) and its respective rear surface S 2i (the subscript "2i" is the number of the rear surface), where "i" is an integer between 1 and N. This numbering convention is used throughout the description. Alternatively, as done throughout this description, the lens surfaces are marked "S k ", and k varies from 1 to 2N. The front and rear surfaces may be aspherical in some cases. However, it is not limited to this.

[0083] As used in this specification, the term "front surface" of each lens element refers to the surface of the lens element located closer to the entrance of the camera (camera subject side), and the term "rear surface" refers to the surface of the lens element located closer to the image sensor (camera image side).

[0084] Detailed optical and surface data for the example lens element of Figure 2A are shown in Tables 2-3. The values provided for these examples are purely exemplary, and other values may be used according to other examples.

[0085] The surface types are defined in Table 2. The surface coefficients are defined in Table 3. The surface types are as follows:

[0086] a) Plano: Flat surface, no curvature. b) Q Type 1 (QT1) Surface Sag Formula:

number

number

[0087] [Table 2]

[0088] [Table 3-1]

[0089] [Table 3-2]

[0090] It should be noted that optical lens system 200 is depicted herein as a "folded optical lens system," i.e., optical lens system 200 is depicted as including OPFE 204 and two optical paths OP 208 and OP 210 that are perpendicular to one another. Hybrid lens systems 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, and 800 disclosed herein are not depicted as folded optical lens systems, i.e., they are depicted without their respective OPFEs and without showing two optical paths that are perpendicular to one another. However, it should also be noted that all hybrid optical lens systems disclosed herein can be beneficially used as folded optical lens systems. Values and dimensions of all hybrid optical lens systems disclosed herein are derived with reference to optical lens system 200. For example, the H of optical lens systems 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, and 800 are depicted as follows: M To estimate the BFL1, the BFL1 is held constant (for the optical lens system 200), resulting in the lower H L is lower than H M This is beneficial for slim mobile devices. Since TTL does not change, the lower H of optical lens systems 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, and 800 L is larger than ML by the same amount M is converted to

[0091] In some examples, the lens 202 may be cut to achieve a cut lens based on the lens 202. The cut lens may be obtained by cutting 10% to 40% of the width or length of the lens elements of the lens 202. The width or length cut is made along a direction parallel to the optical axis of the lens (i.e., parallel to the y-axis), resulting in a width ("W") of the lens 202 measured along the x-direction. L ") is the length of the lens 202 measured along the y direction ("LL "), i.e., W L <L L The cutting of the lens 202 is performed by MH M This leads to significant savings in terms of H, which is beneficial for slim mobile device designs. For example, by cutting the lens 202 by 20%, M and M.H. M can be reduced by 10-20%.

[0092] The OPFE 204 forms a 45 degree angle with both the y-axis and the z-axis. In another example, the OPFE 204 can form a tilt angle with respect to the y-axis, i.e., with respect to the OP 208, in the range of 45<β≦65 degrees.

[0093] Each of L2, L3, and L4 has a relatively thin lens element thickness, i.e., T i and the minimum lens element radius (D / 2) of the two lens element surfaces i The ratio of L2, L3, and L4 to T i / (D / 2) i <0.3. L3 is T i / (D / 2) i <0.25. i is measured at the position of OP 208. The image-side surface of L4 is S8. S8 has a relatively small diameter D8, and the ratio of D8 to DA satisfies DA / D8=1.42. L2 has a meniscus shape convex toward the object side, and both the front surface and the rear surface of L2 are formed convex toward the object side. L1 is relatively thin, that is, the thickness T1 of L1 and the lens height H L is the ratio T1 / H L <0.3, where T1 / H L = 0.23. L1, L2, and L2, L3 are very close to each other. Here and below, the optical axis 208 and L i or L i+1 L measured along the y-axis at a position along the z-axis between the diameter radius of i and L i+1 The closest gap (or distance) between i " is G i<0.2 mm, a pair of consecutive lens elements L i , L i+1 are "very close to each other." G1=0.037 mm (between L1 and L2) is located on the optical axis 208, and G2 is not located on the optical axis 208.

[0094] FIG. 2B schematically illustrates an example of an optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 250. Optical lens system 250 includes a regular (refractive) lens. Lens system 250 may be included in a folded camera with tilted OP, such as those shown in FIGS. 1C-D. Lens system 250 includes lens 252, mirror 254, optical element 262 (optional), and image sensor 256. Lens 252 includes four lens elements, designated L1-L4. Lens system 250 has a first optical path OP1 258 and a second optical path OP2 260. Lens 252 has an optical lens axis parallel to OP1 258 and parallel to the y-axis. OP2 260 is oriented perpendicular to image sensor 256. Surface types are defined in Table 4. Surface thicknesses relative to the mirror are given for OP1 258 and OP2 260, respectively. The surface coefficients are defined in Table 5. The radius (D / 2) of mirror 254 is defined by a circle that completely incorporates mirror 254. Mirror 254 has dimensions of 5.0 x 5.1 mm. The tilt angle β of mirror 254 relative to the y-axis is 47.8 degrees. In other examples, the tilt angle β may be in the range of 45 < β ≦ 65 degrees. In yet other examples, 46 < β ≦ 50 degrees. OP2 260 is not parallel to the z-axis, but forms an angle α with the z-axis. Optical lens system 250 has an H of 4.8 mm. Sensor MH defined by S Also, the mechanical height ("MH") of the image sensor 256 is Sensor ") is also shown. MH SensorIt is 7.0 mm. ΔLO is 0.58 mm. TTL1 = 7.04 mm, BFL1 = 2.73 mm, TTL2 = BFL2 = 8.29 mm, BFL = 11.02 mm, and TTL = 15.33 mm. The power sequence of the lens elements L1 to L4 is plus - minus - plus - plus. The entrance pupil (or aperture stop or "A.S.") is located behind L4, i.e., on the image side of the lens 252. f1 is positive and f1 / EFL = 0.53. The optical lens system 250 has a relatively low f / # of f / # = 2.4.

[0095] Each of L2, L3, and L4 has a relatively thin lens element thickness, i.e., T i and the ratio to the minimum lens element radius (D / 2) of the two lens element surfaces i for each of L2, L3, and L4 is T i / (D / 2) i <0.25. For each of L2 and L3, the ratio is T i / (D / 2) i <0.2.

[0096] L1 and L2, L2 and L3, and L3 and L4 are very close to each other. G3 = 0.1 mm (between L3 and L4), and G3 is the maximum gap between any lens elements, i.e., G1 < G3 and G2 < G3. G3 is located on the optical axis 258. The ratio G3 / H L = 2.2%.

[0097] The distance between L1 and L3 ("d L1-L3 ") is relatively small, i.e., d L1-L3 <0.75 mm, and the ratio d L1-L3 / H L <0.2. Specifically, d L1-L3 = 0.63 mm, and d L1-L3 / H L = 0.14. In other words, L2 spreads (or occupies) over a relatively short distance. That G i is small, T i is small, and the distances between lens elements are small are advantageous for a slim camera.

[0098] The image-side surface of L4 is S8, which has a relatively small diameter D8, and the ratio of D8 to DA satisfies DA / D8=1.42.

[0099] L4 has a meniscus shape convex toward the subject, and both the front surface of L4 and the rear surface of L4 are formed convex toward the subject. S5 and S6 (i.e., both surfaces of L3) are formed concave toward the subject, and each includes two inflection points. In another example, lens 252 may be cut to achieve a cut lens based on lens 252.

[0100] [Table 4]

[0101] [Table 5-1]

[0102] [Table 5-2]

[0103] FIG. 3 illustrates another example of an optical lens system disclosed herein, generally designated 300. Optical lens system 300 includes a hybrid lens 302, i.e., a lens including at least one metalens element. Lens 302 includes a plurality of N=4 lens elements, numbered L1 through L4. Optical lens system 300 further includes an image sensor 306 and an (optional) optical element 312, such as an IR filter. In another example, optical lens system 300 may further include an OPFE (not shown) that folds OP1 into OP2 (not shown). OP1 is substantially parallel to the y-axis, and OP2 is substantially parallel to the z-axis. The lens optical axis of lens 302 is oriented parallel to OP1. The OPFE may form a 45-degree angle with both the y-axis and the z-axis.

[0104] where L2 is the metalens element. The metalens element is fabricated (or placed) on a substrate. In other words, the metalens element is located on the front (object side) of the substrate. This is true for all subsequent metalens elements. The substrate has a substrate height H Substrate Here, H Substrate = 0.2 mm. In another example, H substrate is 0.05 mm <H Substrate The thickness may be in the range of <1 mm. The substrate is made of glass. This is true for all subsequent metalens elements.

[0105] Compared to the normal lens 202 of the optical lens system 300, the hybrid lens 302 of the optical lens system 200 has a significantly lower HL, even though the optical characteristics (EFL, SD, DA, etc.) of the respective cameras including the normal lens 202 or the hybrid lens 302 are the same. L is the H of the normal lens 202 L This shows that hybrid lenses are beneficial for use in slim mobile cameras.

[0106] L4 is a relatively short distance (d L4 "). d L4 = 0.53 mm, and the ratio d L4 / H L =0.14. G1=0.032 mm and is located on the optical axis 308. G2 is not located on the optical axis 308. G2=0.25 mm, so L2 and L3 are not very close to each other. This means that H L without the need to significantly increase H Substrate It may be beneficial to use thicker substrates with thicknesses >0.2 mm.

[0107] The surface types are defined in Table 6, and the coefficients for each surface of the regular lens elements (L1, L3, L4) are defined in Table 7. The phase coefficients for the metalens element (L2) are defined in Table 8. The phase coefficients are calculated using the following polynomial expansion (here, coefficients A i ) is given according to

number

[0108] [Table 6]

[0109] [Table 7-1]

[0110] [Table 7-2]

[0111] [Table 8-1]

[0112] [Table 8-2]

[0113] FIG. 4 illustrates another example of an optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 400. Optical lens system 400 includes a hybrid lens. L2 is a metalens element. Optical lens system 400 includes lens 402 having a plurality of N lens elements (here, N=4), numbered L1 through L4, an image sensor 406, and an (optional) optical element 412. In another example, optical lens system 400 may further include an OPFE (not shown) that folds OP1 into OP2 (not shown). The lens optical axis of lens 402 may be oriented parallel to OP1. The OPFE forms a 45-degree angle with both the y-axis and the z-axis.

[0114] L4 is a relatively short distance (d L4 "). d L4 = 0.48 mm, and the ratio d L4 / H L =0.12. G1=0.02 mm and is located on the optical axis 408. G2=0.17 mm and is not located on the optical axis 408.

[0115] The surface types are defined in Table 9. The coefficients for each surface of the regular lens elements (L1, L3, L4) are defined in Table 10. The phase coefficients for the metalens element (L2) are defined in Table 11.

[0116] [Table 9]

[0117] [Table 10-1]

[0118] [Table 10-2]

[0119] [Table 11-1]

[0120] [Table 11-2]

[0121] FIG. 5 illustrates another example of an optical lens system disclosed herein, numbered 500. Optical lens system 500 includes a hybrid lens, where L4 is a metalens element. Optical lens system 500 includes lens 502 having a plurality of N lens elements (here, N=4), numbered L1 through L4, an image sensor 506, and an (optional) optical element 512. Optical lens system 500 may further include an OPFE (not shown) that folds OP1 into OP2 (not shown). The lens optical axis of lens 502 may be oriented parallel to OP1. OPFE forms a 45-degree angle with both the y-axis and the z-axis. L1 is relatively thin and has a T1 / H L = 0.25. G1 = 0.02 mm and is located on the optical axis 508. G3 = 0.03 mm and is located on the optical axis 508. The front and back surfaces of L2 are both convex toward the object side. The front and back surfaces of L3 are both concave toward the object side. The surface types are defined in Table 12. The coefficients of each surface of the regular lens elements (L1, L2, L3) are defined in Table 13. The phase coefficient of the metalens element (L4) is defined in Table 14.

[0122] [Table 12]

[0123] [Table 13-1]

[0124] [Table 13-2]

[0125] [Table 14-1]

[0126] [Table 14-2]

[0127] FIG. 6 illustrates another example of an optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 600. Optical lens system 600 includes a hybrid lens, where L4 is a metalens element. Optical lens system 600 includes a lens 602 having a plurality of N=4 lens elements, designated L1 through L4, an image sensor 606, and an (optional) optical element 612. Optical lens system 600 may further include an OPFE (not shown) that folds a first OP1 into a second OP2 (not shown). A lens optical axis 608 of lens 602 is oriented parallel to OP1. The OPFE forms a 45-degree angle with both the y-axis and the z-axis.

[0128] G1=0.02 mm and is located on the optical axis 608. G3=0.02 mm and is also located on the optical axis 608. The front and rear surfaces of L2 are both convex toward the subject side. L3 is located at a relatively short distance (d L3 "). d L3 = 0.5 mm, and the ratio d L3 / H L =0.12.

[0129] The surface types are defined in Table 15. The coefficients for each surface of the regular lens elements (L1, L2, L3) are defined in Table 16. The phase coefficients for the metalens element (L4) are defined in Table 17.

[0130] [Table 15]

[0131] [Table 16-1]

[0132] [Table 16-2]

[0133] [Table 17-1]

[0134] [Table 17-2]

[0135] FIG. 7 illustrates another example of an optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 700. Optical lens system 700 includes a hybrid lens, where L2 and L4 are metalens elements. Optical lens system 700 includes a lens 702 having a plurality of N=5 lens elements, designated L1 through L5, an image sensor 706, and an (optional) optical element 712. Optical lens system 700 may further include an OPFE (not shown) that folds a first OP1 into a second OP2 (not shown). The lens optical axis of lens 708 is oriented parallel to the first OP1. The OPFE forms a 45-degree angle with both the y-axis and the z-axis.

[0136] G1=0.04 mm and is located on the optical axis 708. G4=0.04 mm (between L4 and L5) and is also located on the optical axis 708. Both L3 and L4 have concave front and rear surfaces facing the subject. G2 is not located on the optical axis 708. Since G2=0.42 mm, L2 and L3 are not very close to each other.

[0137] The surface types are defined in Table 18. The coefficients for each surface of the regular lens elements (L1, L2, L3) are defined in Table 19. The phase coefficients for the metalens elements (L2, L4) are defined in Table 20.

[0138] [Table 18]

[0139] [Table 19-1]

[0140] [Table 19-2]

[0141] [Table 20-1]

[0142] [Table 20-2]

[0143] 8 illustrates another example of an optical lens system disclosed herein, designated 800. Optical lens system 800 includes a hybrid lens, where L2 is a metalens element. The substrate height is H substrate = 0.6 mm. Optical lens system 800 comprises a lens 802 having a plurality of N=4 lens elements numbered L1 through L4, an image sensor 806, and an (optional) optical element 812. Optical lens system 800 may further comprise an OPFE (not shown) that folds a first OP1 into a second OP2 (not shown). A lens optical axis 808 of lens 802 may be oriented parallel to OP1. The OPFE forms a 45 degree angle with both the y-axis and the z-axis. G1 = 0.02 mm and is located on optical axis 808. L4 is located at a relatively short distance ("d L4 "). d L4 = 0.49 mm, and the ratio d L4 / H L =0.12.

[0144] The surface types are defined in Table 21. The coefficients for each surface of the regular lens elements (L1, L3, L4) are defined in Table 22. The phase coefficients for the metalens element (L2) are defined in Table 23.

[0145] [Table 21]

[0146] [Table 22-1]

[0147] [Table 22-2]

[0148] [Table 23-1]

[0149] [Table 23-2]

[0150] In some examples, a regular or hybrid lens, such as 202, 252, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, or 802, may be a cut lens, as known in the art. Referring to Figures 1A and 1C, one or more lens elements may be cut along a direction parallel to the y-axis, resulting in a lens length L of the cut lens element measured along the z-direction. L ("L L ”) is the lens width ("W") measured along the x-direction. L "), i.e., L L <W L Lens length L L may be cut by about 20% to 50%, i.e., L L is W LThe lens cut may be approximately 20% to 50% smaller than H M This translates into significant savings in terms of H, which is beneficial for slim mobile device designs. M This translates into savings of around 10-20%.

[0151] It should be understood that certain features of the presently disclosed subject matter, which are, for clarity, described in the context of separate examples, may also be provided in combination in a single example. Conversely, various features of the presently disclosed subject matter, which are, for brevity, described in the context of a single example, may also be provided separately or in any suitable subcombination.

[0152] Unless otherwise stated, the use of the term "and / or" between the last two members of a list of alternatives for selection indicates that one or more of the listed alternatives is appropriate and may be selected.

[0153] When a claim or the specification refers to "a" or "an" element, it is to be understood that such a reference is not to be interpreted as indicating the presence of only one of that element.

[0154] All patents and patent applications mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference in their entirety as if each individual patent or patent application was specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference herein. Furthermore, citation or identification of any reference in this application shall not be construed as an admission that such reference is available as prior art to the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A camera, A lens optical axis OA and N≧4 lens elements L, where 1≦i≦N. ｉ a lens having an effective focal length EFL and an F-number f / #, the first lens element L １ faces the subject, and the final lens element L Ｎ facing the image side, and an image sensor having a full sensor diagonal SD; a light path bending element OPFE for bending light from a first optical path OP1 parallel to the OA onto a second optical path OP2 perpendicular to the image sensor, thereby providing a folded optical path between the object and the image sensor; The camera is a folding digital camera, the lens is located on the subject side of the OPFE, the EFL is in the range of 8mm<EFL<50mm, SD / EFL>0.4, and f / #<2.

75.

2. 10. The camera of claim 1, wherein f / #<2.

7.

3. 10. The camera of claim 1, wherein f / #<2.

6.

4. 10. The camera of claim 1, wherein f / #<2.

5.

5. The camera of claim 1 , wherein the OPFE is oriented at an angle β with respect to the lens OA, where 45<β≦65 degrees.

6. 6. The camera of claim 5, wherein 45<β≦60 degrees.

7. 6. The camera of claim 5, wherein 45<β≦55 degrees.

8. 6. The camera of claim 5, wherein 46<β≦50 degrees.

9. 2. The camera of claim 1, wherein SD / EFL>0.

5.

10. Module height H measured along OP1 Ｍ and a camera module having an SD / H Ｍ 2. The camera of claim 1, wherein the .lambda.

11. Module height H measured along OP1 Ｍ and a camera module having an SD / H Ｍ 2. The camera of claim 1, wherein the .lambda.

12. N=4, and the lens element L １ ~L ４ 2. The camera of claim 1, wherein the power sequence is plus-minus-plus-plus.

13. Each lens element L ｉ is the lens element thickness T measured along OP1 ｉ and the minimum lens element radius (D / 2) measured along an axis perpendicular to OP1. ｉ and L ２ , L ３ , and L ４ For each of the ratios T ｉ / (D / 2) ｉ 2. The camera of claim 1, wherein <0.

25.

14. Each lens element L ｉ is the lens element thickness T measured along OP1 ｉ and the minimum lens element radius (D / 2) measured along an axis perpendicular to OP1. ｉ and L ２ and L ３ For each of the ratios T ｉ / (D / 2) ｉ 2. The camera of claim 1, wherein:

15. The camera of claim 1 , wherein the camera has an aperture stop located on the image side of the lens.

16. The lens has a lens height H measured along OP1. Ｌ the closest gap G between all pairs of consecutive lens elements is less than 0.2 mm, and the ratio G / H for all pairs of consecutive lens elements is Ｌ 10. The camera of claim 1, wherein <5% is satisfied.

17. G / H Ｌ 17. The camera of claim 16, wherein <2.5%.

18. The largest G is L ３ and L ４ 17. The camera of claim 16, wherein the camera is located between

19. The lens has a lens height H measured along OP1. Ｌ and L １ and L ３ The distance between Ｌ１－Ｌ３ ) is d Ｌ１－Ｌ３ <0.75 mm, and the ratio d Ｌ１－Ｌ３ / H Ｌ The camera of claim 1 , wherein <0.2 is satisfied.

20. d Ｌ１－Ｌ３ / H Ｌ 20. The camera of claim 19, wherein <0.

15.

21. The camera of claim 1 , wherein the camera has a total track length TTL, and TTL / EFL<1.

05.

22. The camera has a total track length TTL and the lens has a lens height H measured along OP1. Ｌ and has a ratio H Ｌ The camera according to claim 1 , wherein / TTL<0.4 is satisfied.

23. H Ｌ 23. The camera of claim 22, wherein / TTL<0.

35.

24. The camera of claim 1 , wherein the camera has a total track length TTL and a back focal length BFL, where BFL / TTL>0.

5.

25. The camera has an aperture diameter DA, S8 is the image side surface of L4, and the lens element surface diameter D ８ and DA / D ８ 2. The camera of claim 1, wherein the .lambda.

26. D.A. / D. ８ 26. The camera of claim 25, wherein >1.

4.

27. L ３ Front and L ３ 2. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the rear surfaces of the first and second lenses are all formed concavely toward the subject side.

28. L ４ Front and L ４ 2. The camera according to claim 1, wherein the rear surfaces of the lens and the lens barrel are each formed in a convex shape facing the subject side.

29. L ３ Front and L ３ 2. The camera of claim 1, wherein each of the rear surfaces includes two deflection points.

30. The camera of claim 1 , wherein the camera has an aperture diameter DA in the range of 5 mm<DA<8 mm.

31. The camera of claim 1 , wherein the EFL is in the range of 10 mm<EFL<20 mm.

32. The camera of claim 1 , wherein the SD is in the range of 5 mm<SD<10 mm.

33. 10. The camera of claim 1, wherein all lens elements are made of plastic.

34. Module height H measured along OP1 Ｍ and included in a camera module having 7.5 mm<H Ｍ 2. The camera of claim 1, wherein the focal length is <15 mm.

35. 9mm<H Ｍ 35. The camera of claim 34, wherein <12 mm.

36. The camera of claim 1 , wherein the lens is a cut lens cut along an axis parallel to the OA.

37. Module height H measured along OP1 Ｍ The lens is cut by 20% with respect to the axially symmetric lens diameter, and the H Ｍ 37. The camera of claim 36, wherein is reduced by >7.5% by said cut.

38. 38. A mobile device comprising the camera of any one of claims 1 to 37, the mobile device having a device thickness T and a camera bump height B measured along OP1, a camera bump area having a raised height T+B measured along OP1, and the camera being fully integrated into the camera bump.

39. The camera is included in a camera module, and the camera module has a module area height H measured along OP1. Ｍ and a shoulder region height H measured along OP1. Ｓ and a second shoulder region having H Ｍ >H Ｓ The camera according to any one of claims 1 to 37, wherein:

40. The camera is Ｓ 40. The camera of claim 39, having an aperture diameter DA that meets -3 mm.

41. The camera is Ｓ 40. The camera of claim 39, having an aperture diameter DA that meets -2 mm.

42. The camera is Ｓ 40. The camera of claim 39, having an aperture diameter DA that meets -1 mm.

43. 40. A mobile device including a camera as described in claim 39, wherein the mobile device has a device thickness T and a camera bump height B measured along OP1, a camera bump region having a raised height T+B measured along OP1, the first module region being integrated into the camera bump, and the second shoulder region not being integrated into the camera bump.

44. The camera of any one of claims 1 to 37, wherein the camera is comprised in a mobile device.

45. 45. The camera of claim 44, wherein the mobile device is a smartphone.

46. A camera, N≧4 lens elements L, where 1≦i≦N ｉ a lens having an effective focal length EFL and a total track length TTL, the first lens element L １ faces the subject, and the final lens element L Ｎ facing the image side, and an image sensor having a full sensor diagonal SD; an optical path bending element OPFE for bending the first optical path OP1 into a second optical path OP2 perpendicular to the first optical path OP1; The camera is a folding camera, and the lens is located on the subject side of the OPFE, and has a lens optical axis OA and a lens height H parallel to OP1. Ｌ wherein the EFL is in the range of 8 mm<EFL<40 mm, M≧1 of the N lens elements are metalens elements, and O=N−M of the lens elements are refractive lens elements, and SD / EFL>0.

3.

47. 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein SD / EFL>0.

35.

48. 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein SD / EFL>0.

4.

49. Module height H measured along OP1 Ｍ and a camera module having an SD / H Ｍ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein >0.

75.

50. Module height H measured along OP1 Ｍ and a camera module having an SD / H Ｍ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein >0.

85.

51. H Ｌ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein / TTL<20%.

52. M=1 and the metalens element has a positive focal length f Ｍ and f Ｍ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein / EFL>7.

5.

53. M=1 and the metalens element has a positive focal length f Ｍ and f Ｍ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein / EFL>15.

54. M=1 and the metalens element has a positive focal length f Ｍ and f Ｍ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein / EFL>30.

55. M=1 and the metalens element has a positive focal length f Ｍ and 7.5<f Ｍ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein / EFL<100.

56. M=1 and the metalens element has a positive focal length f Ｍ and 10<f Ｍ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein / EFL<50.

57. M=1 and the metalens element has a focal length of 100 mm<f Ｍ Focal length f in the range <1500 mm Ｍ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein:

58. M=1 and the metalens element has a focal length of 200 mm<f Ｍ Focal length f in the range <1000 mm Ｍ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein:

59. M=1 and the metalens element is L ２ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein:

60. M=1 and the metalens element is L ４ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein:

61. M=2 and the metalens element is L ２ and L ４ and L ２ is the focal length f Ｍ１ and L ４ is the focal length f Ｍ２ and f Ｍ１ and f Ｍ２ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein both are positive.

62. f Ｍ１ / EFL>7.5 and f Ｍ２ 62. The camera of claim 61, wherein / EFL<100.

63. f Ｍ１ / EFL>10 and f Ｍ２ 62. The camera of claim 61, wherein / EFL<50.

64. f Ｍ１ and f Ｍ２ Both of these are 100mm<f Ｍ１ , f Ｍ２ 62. The camera of claim 61 in the range <1500 mm.

65. f Ｍ１ and f Ｍ２ Both are 200mm<f Ｍ１ , f Ｍ２ 62. The camera of claim 61 in the range of <1000 mm.

66. 0.25<f Ｍ１ / f Ｍ２ 62. The camera of claim 61, wherein <1.

67. 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein all refractive lenses are plastic lenses.

68. Each of the M metalens elements is disposed on the object side of a substrate and is spaced apart from the height H of the substrate measured along OP1. Ｓｕｂｓｔｒａｔｅ is 0.1 mm < H Ｓｕｂｓｔｒａｔｅ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein the substrate meets <1 mm and is made of glass.

69. Each of the M metalens elements is disposed on the object side of a substrate, and is measured along OP1 relative to the height H of the substrate. Ｓｕｂｓｔｒａｔｅ is 0.15mm<H Ｓｕｂｓｔｒａｔｅ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein the substrate meets <0.75 mm and is made of glass.

70. N=4, and the lens element L １ ~L ４ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein the power sequence is positive-positive-negative-positive.

71. N=4, and the lens element L ３ The focal length of ３ and f ３ is negative and the magnitude is |f ３ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein |<EFL / 2.

5.

72. |f ３ 72. The camera of claim 71, wherein |<EFL / 5.

73. Lens element L １ The focal length of １ and f １ is positive and f １ < EFL / 2.

74. f １ is positive and f １ < EFL / 1.

5.

75. N=4, and the lens element L １ ~L ４ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein the power sequence is positive-negative-negative-positive.

76. N=5, and the lens element L １ ~L ５ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein the power sequence is positive-positive-negative-positive-positive.

77. 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein 10 mm < EFL < 30 mm.

78. 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein 12.5 mm < EFL < 27.5 mm.

79. 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein TTL / EFL<1.

05.

80. 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein TTL / EFL<1.

0.

81. 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein the lens has a back focal length BFL, and BFL / TTL>0.

75.

82. 82. The camera of claim 81, wherein BFL / TTL>0.

8.

83. 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein 4 mm < SD < 15 mm.

84. 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein SD>6 mm.

85. 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein SD>9mm.

86. 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein the lens has an aperture diameter DA, DA in the range 4 mm<DA<11 mm, and f / # in the range 2<f / #<6.

5.

87. 87. The camera of claim 86, wherein DA is in the range of 6 mm<DA<9 mm and f / # is in the range of 3<f / #<5.

88. 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein f / #<4.

0.

89. 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein the OPFE is a mirror.

90. The camera has a height of 7.5 mm<H Ｍ Module height H measured along OP1 in the range of <15 mm Ｍ 47. The camera of claim 46 included in a camera module having

91. 9mm<H Ｍ 91. The camera of claim 90, wherein < 13.5 mm.

92. The camera is included in a camera module, and the camera module has a module length L measured along OP2. Ｍ and L Ｍ <EFL.

93. The camera is included in a camera module, and the camera module has a module area height H measured along OP1. Ｍ and a shoulder region height H measured along OP1. Ｓ and a shoulder region having H Ｍ >H Ｓ 47. The camera of claim 46, wherein:

94. The lens has an aperture diameter DA, where DA>H Ｓ The camera of claim 93, wherein the focal length is −3 mm.

95. The lens has an aperture diameter DA, where DA>H Ｓ 94. The camera of claim 93, wherein the distance is −2 mm.

96. The lens has an aperture diameter DA, where DA>H Ｓ The camera of claim 93, wherein the distance is -1 mm.

97. 94. The camera of claim 93, wherein the lens and the OPFE are contained in the module area and the image sensor is contained in the shoulder area.

98. 94. A mobile device including the camera of claim 93, The mobile device has a device thickness T and a camera bump, the bump region having a rise height T+B along OP1, a first module region integrated into the camera bump region, and a second shoulder region not integrated into the camera bump.

99. 99. The mobile device of claim 98, wherein the mobile device is a smartphone.

Images