Plate heat exchanger and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a plate heat exchanger (1), comprising a first heat exchanger block module (28) and a second heat exchanger block module (29), the first heat exchanger block module (28) and the second heat exchanger block module (29) being interconnected by a form-fit connection, the first heat exchanger block module (28) and the second heat exchanger block module (29) being interconnected by a weld seam (30), the weld seam (30) covering at least a portion of the form-fit connection, and the first heat exchanger block module (28) and the second heat exchanger block module (29) being interconnected by a weld seam (30), the weld seam (30) covering at least a portion of the form-fit connection, The module (28) comprises a first cover plate (5), the second heat exchanger block module (29) comprises a second cover plate (6), the first cover plate (5) and the second cover plate (6) are interconnected by a form-fit connection, the first cover plate (5) and the second cover plate (6) are interconnected in a form-fit manner by connecting elements (60, 70), the first cover plate (5) comprises recesses (48-50) in which the connecting elements (60, 70) are accommodated, and the second cover plate (6) comprises recesses (51-53) in which the connecting elements (60, 70) are accommodated.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a plate heat exchanger and to a method for manufacturing such a plate heat exchanger. [Background technology]

[0002] Plate heat exchangers comprise a heat exchanger block constructed from alternating heat exchange elements, in particular fins or heat transfer fins, and separator plates. The heat exchange elements are made of corrugated or ribbed aluminum sheets, while the separator plates are made of smooth aluminum sheets. With the help of the heat exchange elements and separator plates, the plate heat exchanger forms a number of parallel heat transfer passages through which the process medium can flow and indirectly transfer heat to the process medium guided in the adjacent heat transfer passages.

[0003] The heat exchanger block described above can be composed of multiple heat exchanger block modules. According to our knowledge, these heat exchanger block modules can be interconnected by welded joints. These welded joints are free from cracking issues as long as the process is stable and continuous. In contrast, welded joints are at risk of cracking when the process sequence changes significantly, resulting in large temperature fluctuations and temperature gradients. This must be improved.

[0004] Against this background, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved plate heat exchanger. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, a plate heat exchanger is proposed, comprising a first heat exchanger block module and a second heat exchanger block module, the first heat exchanger block module and the second heat exchanger block module being interconnected by a form-fit connection, the first heat exchanger block module and the second heat exchanger block module being interconnected by a weld seam, the weld seam at least partially covering the form-fit connection, wherein the first heat exchanger block module has a first cover plate and the second heat exchanger block module has a second cover plate, the first cover plate and the second cover plate being interconnected by a form-fit connection, the first cover plate and the second cover plate being interconnected in a form-fit manner by connecting elements, the first cover plate having a recess in which the connecting element is received, and the second cover plate having a recess in which the connecting element is received.

[0006] Since the first and second heat exchanger block modules are interconnected both by form-fit connections and by weld seams, the form-fit connections can be designed so that force transmission between the first and second heat exchanger block modules and vice versa is carried out exclusively or almost exclusively by the form-fit connections, which preferably prevents the weld seams from being subjected to mechanical loads, thereby reliably preventing cracks from forming in the weld seams.

[0007] Plate heat exchangers are sometimes called plate-fin heat exchangers (PFHEs). They consist of alternating heat exchange elements and separator plates. In this case, the separator plates are placed between two heat exchange elements, and the heat exchange elements are placed between two separator plates. The heat exchange elements and separator plates are thus stacked on top of each other to form the heat exchanger block of the plate heat exchanger. The heat exchange elements are sometimes called fins, specifically heat transfer fins.

[0008] The heat exchange elements can be designed as corrugated or ribbed sheets, for example, aluminum sheets. Separator plates are sometimes called separator sheets. They can also be made of aluminum. The heat exchanger block is divided into a first heat exchanger block module and a second heat exchanger block module. Each heat exchanger block module contains any number of heat exchange elements and separator plates. In principle, a heat exchanger block can have any number of heat exchanger block modules. The number of heat exchange elements and separator plates per heat exchanger block module is always arbitrary.

[0009] The plate heat exchanger or the heat exchanger block described above preferably has a rectangular parallelepiped geometry having a width or x-direction, a height or y-direction, and a depth or z-direction. In the height direction, the heat exchanger block preferably has a larger dimension than in the width and depth directions, resulting in a heat exchanger block with an elongated rectangular parallelepiped geometry.

[0010] The heat exchanger block module also has such an elongated rectangular parallelepiped geometry. The heat exchange elements and separator plates may be arranged adjacent to each other in the depth direction or stacked on top of each other in the height direction. The plate heat exchanger differs from the heat exchanger block in that, in addition to the heat exchanger block, it has a number of connection devices for supplying fluid to and discharging fluid from the plate heat exchanger.

[0011] The heat exchange elements are preferably surrounded by edge strips, in particular aluminum edge strips, which are also part of the heat exchanger block. The edge strips are soldered to the separator plates and / or the heat exchange elements. The edge strips can form a frame surrounding the associated heat exchange elements. The heat exchanger block can have cover plates that terminate the heat exchanger block above and below in the height direction. The cover plates can be external separator plates. The cover plates can be soldered to the outermost heat exchange elements. Alternatively, a separator plate can be provided between the cover plate and the outermost heat exchange element. The cover plates preferably differ from the separator plates in their wall thickness or only in their thickness.

[0012] The plate heat exchanger can be part of a process engineering system, which can be, for example, a system for air separation or for the production of liquid gas (liquefied natural gas, LNG), a system used in the petrochemical industry, etc. The process engineering system can include a plurality of such plate heat exchangers. A process engineering system comprising such a plate heat exchanger is therefore also proposed.

[0013] A form-fit connection is formed by engaging two connecting elements, here a first heat exchanger block module and a second heat exchanger block module, with one another or one after the other. Thus, the first heat exchanger block module engages in a form-fit manner within the second heat exchanger block module, and vice versa. In particular, two opposing cover plates of the heat exchanger block modules are interconnected in a form-fit manner. In principle, the form-fit connection can be established and released as frequently as desired.

[0014] The first and second heat exchanger block modules may be directly or indirectly form-fit interconnected. In the case of a direct form-fit connection between the first and second heat exchanger block modules, the first and second heat exchanger block modules directly engage with each other in a form-fit manner. In the case of an indirect form-fit connection between the first and second heat exchanger block modules, a connecting element is provided, by which the first heat exchanger block module is connected to the second heat exchanger block module in a form-fit manner.

[0015] The weld seam is preferably applied to the form-fit connection. The weld seam can be used to completely cover the form-fit connection. The weld seam is preferably not load-bearing or force-bearing. The fact that the weld seam "covers" or "hides" the form-fit connection means, in this case, in particular, that the weld seam is guided over the form-fit connection. In this case, the weld seam can cover or hide the form-fit connection in such a way that the form-fit connection is not directly visible when looking at the form-fit connection.

[0016] The first heat exchanger block module has a first cover plate and the second heat exchanger block module has a second cover plate, the first cover plate and the second cover plate being interconnected by a form-fit connection.

[0017] As described above, each heat exchanger block module has two cover plates with an active area between them that includes a plurality of alternating heat exchange elements and separator plates. The first cover plate of the first heat exchanger block module and the second cover plate of the second heat exchanger block module can directly engage with each other in a form-fitting manner. Alternatively, the first cover plate of the first heat exchanger block module and the second cover plate of the second heat exchanger block module can be interconnected in a form-fitting manner by an additional connecting element or multiple such connecting elements.

[0018] According to one embodiment, the first cover plate and / or the second cover plate each have a thickness of 8 to 18 mm, preferably 10 to 16 mm, more preferably 12 to 14 mm.

[0019] In particular, the cover plate has a thickness of at least 12 mm. The cover plate may be constructed in a multi-layer manner. In this case, "multi-layer" specifically means that the cover plate may have several layers. These layers may be soldered and / or welded to one another, for example.

[0020] According to a further embodiment, the first cover plate and the second cover plate are interconnected by a weld seam.

[0021] In particular, the first heat exchanger block module is placed with its first cover plate over the second cover plate of the second heat exchanger block module, or vice versa, and preferably the weld completely surrounds the first and second cover plates.

[0022] The first cover plate and the second cover plate are interconnected in a form-fitting manner by a connecting element.

[0023] In this case, the first and second cover plates are indirectly interconnected by connecting elements. This means, in particular, that the first cover plate is connected to the connecting elements in a form-fitting manner, and the connecting elements are connected to the second cover plate in a form-fitting manner. The number of connecting elements can be freely selected. Preferably, such connecting elements are provided at least in the areas of the heat exchanger block or heat exchanger block module where the greatest stresses may occur. Using one or more connecting elements, forces can be transmitted from the first cover plate to the second cover plate and vice versa. The connecting elements can be, for example, plate-shaped. They can also have a double-T or bone-shaped cross section.

[0024] According to a further embodiment, the recess in the first cover plate extends into the first cover plate from a surface of the first cover plate facing the second cover plate. Alternatively or additionally, the recess in the second cover plate extends into the second cover plate from a surface of the second cover plate facing the first cover plate.

[0025] The surface of the first cover plate can be referred to as the first surface. The surface of the second cover plate can be referred to as the second surface. The recess of the first cover plate is incorporated into the first surface. This particularly means that the recess of the first cover plate is located below the first surface. The recess of the first cover plate extends from the first surface into the first cover plate. Thus, the recess of the first cover plate is located within the first cover plate. The first surface and the second surface particularly face each other. In particular, the first cover plate and the second cover plate abut each other at their two surfaces. The recess of the second cover plate is incorporated into the second surface. This particularly means that the recess of the second cover plate is located below the second surface. The recess of the second cover plate extends from the second surface into the second cover plate. Thus, the recess of the second cover plate is located within the second cover plate.

[0026] The first cover plate has a recess in which the connecting element is received, and the second cover plate has a recess in which the connecting element is received.

[0027] The recesses may be, for example, milled grooves. Preferably, a plurality of recesses are provided on the first cover plate. Accordingly, a plurality of recesses are also provided on the second cover plate. To connect two heat exchanger block modules, the first and second cover plates are aligned so that the recesses of the first cover plate and the recesses of the second cover plate overlap each other.

[0028] According to a further embodiment, a plurality of connecting elements having different thicknesses are provided.

[0029] Alternatively, the connecting elements may have the same thickness. The number of connecting elements is freely selectable.

[0030] According to a further embodiment, the connecting element is pinned to the first cover plate and the second cover plate by means of a pin.

[0031] For this purpose, bores are formed in the first cover plate, the second cover plate, and the connecting element, into which pins can be pressed or driven. The bores can have a conical or tapered geometry. Accordingly, the pins can also have a conical or tapered geometry. The pins can be made, for example, of stainless steel.

[0032] According to a further embodiment, the weld seam covers the pin.

[0033] In particular, the bores in which the pins are accommodated are closed by welding or with a welded seam, which reliably prevents the ingress of moisture into the bores in the cover plate.

[0034] According to a further embodiment, the pin is conical.

[0035] The bores into which the pins are accommodated may also be conical. To this end, bores can be drilled into the cover plates of the two heat exchanger block modules using a conical or tapered drill. For example, the pins can have a 1° taper.

[0036] According to a further embodiment, the recess of the first cover plate is incorporated into the first cover plate by a separate and / or molded manufacturing process. Alternatively or additionally, the recess of the second cover plate is incorporated into the second cover plate by a separate and / or molded manufacturing process.

[0037] In discrete manufacturing processes, material is removed. In shaped manufacturing processes, material is deformed. In particular, abrasive manufacturing processes such as milling or erosion are used as discrete manufacturing processes. For example, pressing, rolling or forging are used as shaped manufacturing processes.

[0038] According to a further embodiment, the first cover plate has a hook portion and the second cover plate has a hook-in portion corresponding to the hook portion, the hook portion engaging with the hook-in portion in a form-fitting manner.

[0039] The hook portion preferably extends from the first cover plate toward the second cover plate. The hook portion may be inserted into the hook-in portion from the side or hooked onto the hook-in portion from above. To securely connect the first heat exchanger block module to the second heat exchanger block module, a wedge element may be pressed or driven into the hook-in portion, thereby wedging the hook portion into the hook-in portion. The wedge element may be strip-shaped. In this case, the wedge element has a wedge shape.

[0040] According to a further embodiment, the first cover plate has an engagement portion with which the connecting element engages in a form-fitting manner, and the second cover plate has an engagement portion with which the connecting element engages in a form-fitting manner.

[0041] The engaging portions of the first and second cover plates may be, for example, milled recesses introduced into the associated cover plates. The engaging portions of the first and second cover plates each have a T-shaped geometry. Thus, the connecting element has a double T-shaped or bone-shaped cross section. To interconnect two heat exchanger block modules, the engaging portions of the first and second cover plates are aligned with each other so that they are positioned on top of each other. The connecting element is then simultaneously pressed or hammered into the two engaging portions of the two cover plates.

[0042] According to a further embodiment, the connecting element is conical.

[0043] This means in particular that the connecting element tapers from the first end portion to the second end portion, but at the same time has the aforementioned double T-shaped or bone-shaped cross-sectional geometry.

[0044] Furthermore, a method for manufacturing such a plate heat exchanger is also proposed, comprising the steps of: a) providing a first heat exchanger block module and a second heat exchanger block module; b) interconnecting the first heat exchanger block module and the second heat exchanger block module by a form-fit connection; and c) interconnecting the first heat exchanger block module and the second heat exchanger block module by a weld seam such that the form-fit connection is at least partially covered by the weld seam, wherein in step a) a first cover plate of the first heat exchanger block module and a second cover plate of the second heat exchanger block module are interconnected in a form-fit manner by connecting elements, and in step a) recesses for accommodating the connecting elements are provided on the first cover plate and recesses for accommodating the connecting elements are provided on the second cover plate.

[0045] Preparing the first and second heat exchanger block modules in step a) may include manufacturing the first and / or second heat exchanger block modules, in particular soldering the heat exchange elements, the separator plate, and the cover plate. Furthermore, preparing the heat exchanger block modules may also include introducing engaging portions and / or recesses into the cover plate. Preferably, the weld seam is applied after the first and second heat exchanger block modules are interconnected in a form-fitting manner. In particular, the weld seam can be guided over the form-fit connection. The weld seam is preferably stress-free or almost stress-free.

[0046] In step b), the first cover plate of the first heat exchanger block module and the second cover plate of the second heat exchanger block module are interconnected in a form-fitting manner by means of connecting elements.

[0047] In particular, the connecting element is first connected in a form-fitting manner to a first cover plate of a first heat exchanger block module, and then connected in a form-fitting manner to a second cover plate of a second heat exchanger block module, meaning that a form-fit connection between the first and second heat exchanger block modules is achieved by the connecting element.

[0048] In step a), a recess is provided in the first cover plate in which a connecting element is accommodated, and a recess is provided in the second cover plate in which a connecting element is accommodated.

[0049] The recesses may be provided as milled recesses on the first and second cover plates, or alternatively, the recesses may be formed by an erosion process or the like.

[0050] According to a further embodiment, in step b), bores are formed in the first cover plate, the second cover plate and the connecting element, and the first cover plate, the second cover plate and the connecting element are pinned to each other by pins inserted in the bores.

[0051] Preferably, the connecting element is first inserted into one of the recesses of the first cover plate, and a bore is made in the first cover plate and the connecting element. A conical drill can be used for this purpose. A pin is then pressed or hammered in to connect the connecting element to the first cover plate. The second heat exchanger block module with the second cover plate is then lowered onto the first cover plate, so that the connecting element is received in one of the recesses of the second cover plate. In this case, bores are made in the second cover plate and the connecting element, and the pin is also inserted into these bores. The pin is then welded closed using a weld seam.

[0052] According to a further embodiment, the recess of the first cover plate is incorporated into the first cover plate by a separate and / or molded manufacturing process. Alternatively or additionally, the recess of the second cover plate is incorporated into the second cover plate by a separate and / or molded manufacturing process.

[0053] The embodiments and explanations given for the plate heat exchanger apply correspondingly to the method and vice versa.

[0054] In this case, "a" should not necessarily be understood as limiting to exactly one element. Rather, a plurality of elements, such as two, three, or more, may be provided. Any other number word used herein should also not be understood as limiting to the exact number of elements referenced. Rather, unless otherwise indicated, the number may deviate upward or downward.

[0055] Further possible implementations of the plate heat exchanger and / or method also include not explicitly mentioned combinations of the features or embodiments described above or below with respect to the embodiments, in which case a person skilled in the art will also add individual aspects as improvements or additions to the relevant basic form of the plate heat exchanger and / or method.

[0056] Further advantageous embodiments and aspects of the plate heat exchanger and / or method are the subject of the dependent claims and the embodiments of the plate heat exchanger and / or method described below, which are described in more detail below on the basis of preferred embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0057] [Figure 1] 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a plate heat exchanger. FIG. [Figure 2]2 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a heat exchanger block for the plate heat exchanger according to FIG. 1; FIG. [Figure 3] 2 is a schematic side view of a further embodiment of a heat exchanger block for the plate heat exchanger according to FIG. 1; [Figure 4] 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the plate heat exchanger taken along the cutting line VV in FIG. 3. [Figure 5] This is a detailed view V of Figure 3. [Figure 6] 4 is a further schematic perspective view of the plate heat exchanger according to FIG. 3. FIG. [Figure 7] 4 is a further schematic perspective view of the plate heat exchanger according to FIG. 3. FIG. [Figure 8] 2 is a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a heat exchanger block for the plate heat exchanger according to FIG. 1; FIG. [Figure 9] 9 is a further schematic perspective view of the plate heat exchanger according to FIG. 8. FIG. [Figure 10] 2 is a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a heat exchanger block for the plate heat exchanger according to FIG. 1; FIG. [Figure 11] 11 is a further schematic perspective view of the heat exchanger block according to FIG. 10. FIG. [Figure 12] 2 is a schematic detail view of a further embodiment of a heat exchanger block for the plate heat exchanger according to FIG. 1; [Figure 13] 13 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a cover plate for the heat exchanger block according to FIG. 12. FIG. [Figure 14] 13 is a schematic plan view of a further embodiment of a cover plate for the heat exchanger block according to FIG. 12. FIG. [Figure 15] FIG. 13 is a further schematic detail of the heat exchanger block according to FIG. 12. [Figure 16] 13 is a schematic exploded view of the heat exchanger block according to FIG. 12. FIG. [Figure 17] 2 is a schematic exploded detail view of a further embodiment of a heat exchanger block for the plate heat exchanger according to FIG. 1; [Figure 18]2 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a plate heat exchanger according to FIG. 1; FIG.

[0058] In the figures, identical or functionally equivalent elements are designated by the same reference numbers unless otherwise indicated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0059] Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a plate heat exchanger 1. Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a heat exchanger block 2 for the plate heat exchanger 1 according to Figure 1. In the following, reference will be made simultaneously to Figures 1 and 2.

[0060] The plate heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG. 1 can be used to realize heat exchange between several different fluids A to E. The fluids A to E may also be called process media or media. The plate heat exchanger 1 may in particular be or be called a plate-fin heat exchanger (PFHE). The plate heat exchanger 1 is preferably constructed from aluminum components that are soldered, in particular brazed, to one another. Therefore, the plate heat exchanger 1 may also be called a brazed aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger.

[0061] The heat exchanger block 2 has a rectangular or block shape and comprises a plurality of passages or heat exchange elements 3 and a plurality of separator plates 4. The heat exchange elements 3 are known as fins, in particular heat transfer fins, or sometimes called fins. The heat exchange elements 3 can be designed as corrugated or ribbed sheets, for example aluminum sheets. The separator plates 4 are also known as separator sheets, or sometimes called separator sheets. The separator plates 4 can also be made of aluminum. The number of heat exchange elements 3 and the number of separator plates 4 are each arbitrary.

[0062] The heat exchanger block 2 is assigned a coordinate system having a first spatial or width direction x, a second spatial or height direction y, and a third spatial or depth direction z. The directions x, y, and z are oriented perpendicular to one another. The width direction x can also be called the x-direction of the heat exchanger block 2. The height direction y can also be called the y-direction of the heat exchanger block 2. The depth direction z can also be called the z-direction of the heat exchanger block 2.

[0063] The heat exchange elements 3 and the separator plates 4 are arranged alternately, i.e., a separator plate 4 is arranged in each case between two heat exchange elements 3, and a heat exchange element 3 is arranged in each case between two separator plates 4. In this case, the heat exchange elements 3 and the separator plates 4 may be integrally joined to one another. Assuming an integrally joined connection, the connection partners are held together by atomic or molecular forces. A joined connection is an unreleasable connection that can only be separated by destroying the connection means and / or the connection partners. In particular, the heat exchange elements 3 and the separator plates 4 may be soldered, in particular brazed, to one another.

[0064] The heat exchanger block 2 further includes cover plates 5, 6 between which the heat exchange elements 3 and the separator plates 4 are arranged. Specifically, a first cover plate 5 and a second cover plate 6 are provided. The cover plates 5, 6 can have the same structure as the separator plate 4. The cover plates 5, 6 can have a thickness of, for example, 5 mm. Preferably, the cover plates 5, 6 do not have a solder plating. The separator plate 4 preferably has a thickness of 1 to 2 mm. In particular, the cover plates 5, 6 have a solder plating on both sides. In this case, the cover plates 5, 6 are arranged outside the associated outermost heat exchange elements 3 and terminate the heat exchanger block 2 toward the front and rear in the orientation shown in Figures 1 and 2.

[0065] Furthermore, the heat exchanger block 2 comprises what are known as side bars or edge strips 7, 8 which delimit the lateral sides of the heat exchange elements 3. The edge strips 7, 8 may be joined, for example soldered, in particular brazed, to the separating plate 4 and / or to the heat exchange elements 3. The above-mentioned components of the heat exchanger block 2 are, for example, made from the material 3003 (AlMn1Cu).

[0066] By means of the heat exchange elements 3 and the separating plates 4, the plate heat exchanger 1 forms a number of parallel heat transfer passages through which the fluids A to E can flow and indirectly transfer heat to the fluids A to E guided in the adjacent heat transfer passages.

[0067] The individual heat transfer passages may be supplied with the respective fluids A to E by means of connecting devices 9 to 18, or the respective fluids A to E may leave the plate heat exchanger 1 by means of such connecting devices 9 to 18. The connecting devices 9 to 18 may be so-called headers or may be referred to as such. Depending on their function, the connecting devices 9 to 18 may also be referred to as distributors or collectors.

[0068] For example, the connection devices 11, 13, 15 are suitable for supplying fluids A, B, D to the plate heat exchanger 1, and the connection devices 9, 10, 12, 14 are suitable for discharging fluids A, C, D, E from the plate heat exchanger 1. Each connection device 9-18 is assigned a connector 19-25, by means of which the corresponding fluids A-E may be supplied to or discharged from the respective connection device 9-18.

[0069] The connecting devices 9 to 18 are joined to the heat exchanger block 2. In particular, the connecting devices 9, 18 are welded to the heat exchanger block 2. The connecting devices 9 to 18 may also be soldered, in particular brazed, to the heat exchanger block 2.

[0070] The heat exchanger block 2 comprises a plurality of, in particular six, surfaces or outer surfaces 26, only one of which is referenced in Figure 2. For example, the connection devices 9-18 are each welded to one of the outer surfaces 26. The connection devices 9-11 may, for example, be provided on the outer surface 26 referenced in Figure 2.

[0071] The plate heat exchanger 1 can be part of a process engineering system 27. The process engineering system 27 can be, for example, a system for air separation or for the production of liquid gas (liquefied natural gas, LNG), a system used in the petrochemical industry, etc. The process engineering system 27 can include several such plate heat exchangers 1.

[0072] Figure 3 is a schematic side view of one embodiment of the heat exchanger block 2A. Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat exchanger block 2A taken along the section line IV-IV in Figure 3. In the following, Figures 3 and 4 will be referred to simultaneously.

[0073] The heat exchanger block 2A includes a plurality of heat exchanger block modules 28, 29. The number of the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 is essentially arbitrary. However, in particular, a first heat exchanger block module 28 and a second heat exchanger block module 29 are provided. For example, the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 are stacked on top of each other when viewed along the depth direction z.

[0074] Each heat exchanger block module 28, 29 comprises two cover plates 5, 6 as described above, between each of which is arranged an active area S having a plurality of alternating heat exchange elements 3 and separator plates 4. In this context, "active" means in particular that fluids A to E can flow through the active area S for heat exchange during operation of the plate heat exchanger 1.

[0075] The heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 are interconnected at the opposing cover plates 5, 6. For this purpose, a form-fit connection is provided, which will be described in detail below. The form-fit connection is created by two connection partners engaging with each other or one after the other. In principle, the form-fit connection can be released and re-established as frequently as desired. The form-fit connection between the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 serves to transmit forces from the first heat exchanger block module 28 to the second heat exchanger block module 29 and vice versa.

[0076] Furthermore, the cover plates 5, 6 of the two heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 are also welded to each other. For this purpose, a weld seam 30 is provided extending along the second spatial direction y. The weld seam 30 can completely surround the heat exchanger block 2A. However, the weld seam 30 preferably does not serve to transmit forces between the two heat exchanger block modules 28, 29, but simply to provide a fluid-tight seal between the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29. In this case, "fluid-tight" can mean both gas-tight and liquid-tight. The weld seam 30 is at least partially covered by one of the connecting devices 9-18. A liquid-tight seal by the weld seam 30 is required, especially in the area of the connecting devices 9-18.

[0077] Fig. 5 is a detail view V according to Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a further schematic perspective view of the heat exchanger block 2A. Fig. 7 is a further schematic perspective view of the heat exchanger block 2A. In the following, Figs. 5 to 7 will be simultaneously referred to.

[0078] In particular, only two opposing cover plates 5, 6 of two heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 are shown in Figure 5. The cover plates 5, 6 are positioned adjacent to each other and connected in a form-fitting manner. Thus, the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 are interconnected in a form-fitting manner via their cover plates 5, 6.

[0079] To form-fit the two cover plates 5, 6 together, the first cover plate 5 of the first heat exchanger block module 28 has hook portions 31, 32. The number of hook portions 31, 32 is essentially arbitrary. Preferably, a plurality of such hook portions 31, 32 are provided, and they are evenly spaced apart from one another along the second spatial direction y. The hook portions 31, 32 extend across the entire width of the first heat exchanger block module 28 when viewed along the first spatial direction x. The hook portions 31, 32 are conical when viewed along the width of the first heat exchanger block module 28.

[0080] The second cover plate 6 of the second heat exchanger block module 29 has hook-in portions 33, 34 corresponding to the hook portions 31, 32, into which the hook portions 31, 32 engage to interconnect the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 in a form-fitting manner. The hook-in portions 33, 34 are designed as milled recesses or grooves in the second cover plate 6 of the second heat exchanger block module 29. The hook portions 31, 32 can be inserted laterally into the hook-in portions 33, 34 along the first spatial direction x. Alternatively, the hook portions 31, 32 can also be threaded into the hook-in portions 33, 34 from the front along the third spatial direction z. The hook-in portions 33, 34 are conical when viewed along the width of the second heat exchanger block module 29.

[0081] In each case, strip-shaped wedge elements 35, 36 (hatched) are provided between the hook portions 31, 32 and the hook-in portions 33, 34. A pair of such wedge elements 35, 36 is assigned to each pair of hook portions 31, 32 and hook-in portions 33, 34. The wedge elements 35, 36 are received in the hook-in portions 33, 34. By means of the wedge elements 35, 36, the hook portions 31, 32 are wedged or clamped to the hook-in portions 33, 34.

[0082] The wedge elements 35, 36 are wedge-shaped and taper from the outer surface 26 towards the centre of the heat exchanger block 2A. Each hook-in portion 33, 34 houses two wedge elements 35, 36, which are pressed into the hook-in portions 33, 34 from either side of the heat exchanger block 2A.

[0083] The heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 are connected as follows: First, the two cover plates 5, 6 of the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 are positioned relative to each other. The heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 are hooked together. To this end, the hook portions 31, 32 are hooked or screwed into the hook-in portions 33, 34. The heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 are locked together by the wedge elements 35, 36, which are pressed into the hook portions 33, 34 from two sides of the heat exchanger block 2A along and opposite the first spatial direction x. A weld seam 30 is then formed, covering the hook portions 31, 32, the hook-in portions 33, 34, and the wedge elements 35, 36.

[0084] Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a heat exchanger block 2B. Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a heat exchanger block 2B. In the following, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 will be referred to simultaneously.

[0085] This embodiment of the heat exchanger block 2B also includes two heat exchanger block modules 28, 29, each having a cover plate 5, 6 on either side. The first cover plate 5 of the first heat exchanger block module 28 is provided with strip-shaped engaging portions 37, 38, only two of which are labeled with reference numerals in FIG. 8 . The second cover plate 6 of the second heat exchanger block module 29 is provided with strip-shaped engaged portions 39, 40 corresponding to the engaging portions 37, 38. The engaging portions 37, 38 and the engaged portions 39, 40 engage with each other such that the engaged portions 39, 40 are located between the two engaging portions 37, 38, and vice versa.

[0086] The engaging portions 37, 38 and the engaged portions 39, 40 each have a plurality of bores 41, 42, only two of which are labeled with reference numerals. The bores 41, 42 receive bolts or pins 43, 44 that are inserted into the bores 41, 42 from both sides of the heat exchanger block 2B. By means of the pins 43, 44, the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 are thus interconnected in a form-fitting manner.

[0087] To connect the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29, the engaging and mating portions 37, 38 and 39, 40 are first formed on the cover plates 5, 6. This can be done, for example, using a milling process. The cover plates 5, 6 are aligned with each other so that the bores 41, 42 are aligned. The cover plates 5, 6 are then locked together using pins 43, 44. The press fit can be achieved by pre-cooling the pins 43, 44. The weld seam 30, as previously described, can then be welded onto the pins 43, 44.

[0088] Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a heat exchanger block 2C. Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a further embodiment of a heat exchanger block 2C. In the following, Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 will be referred to simultaneously.

[0089] As described above, the heat exchanger block 2C includes heat exchanger block modules 28 and 29, of which only the first cover plate 5 of the first heat exchanger block module 28 and the second cover plate 6 of the second heat exchanger block module 29 are shown in Figures 9 and 10. Each cover plate 5, 6 has an engagement portion 45, 46. In particular, the first engagement portion 45 is provided on the first cover plate 5 of the first heat exchanger block module 28, and the second engagement portion 46 is provided on the second cover plate 6 of the second heat exchanger block module 29.

[0090] The first engaging portion 45 has a T-shaped geometry. Accordingly, the second engaging portion 46 also has a T-shaped geometry. The two engaging portions 45, 46 together form a double T-shape. The engaging portions 45, 46 can be grooves milled into the cover plates 5, 6. The engaging portions 45, 46 extend entirely through the heat exchanger block 2. The engaging portions 45, 46 can be machined to a depth of 80 mm using an appropriate milling tool. The engaging portions 45, 46 can also be tapered into a wedge shape. The engaging portions 45, 46 can also extend only partially into the heat exchanger block 2, such as blind holes. Any number of engaging portions 45, 46 may be provided, and they may be equally spaced apart from one another.

[0091] The engaging portions 45, 46 receive connecting elements 47. The connecting elements 47 have a double T-shaped or bone-shaped cross section. The connecting elements 47 simultaneously engage within the engaging portions 45, 46 to interconnect the cover plates 5, 6 of the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 in a form-fitting manner. The number of connecting elements 47 is arbitrary. The connecting elements 47 may be at least partially conical or tapered.

[0092] To interconnect the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29, first, the mating portions 45, 46 are introduced into the cover plates 5, 6 of the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29. This can be done using a milling process. The mating portions 45, 46 can also be manufactured by an erosion process or with a diamond-coated forming file. The cover plates 5, 6 are then aligned with each other, and the connecting elements 47 are hammered or pressed into the mating portions 45, 46. The connecting elements 47 are then welded and thus covered by a weld seam 30 (not shown). A plurality of such mating portions 45, 46 are provided inside the heat exchanger block 2C. Therefore, it is also possible to place the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 on top of each other and then manufacture the mating portions 45, 46.

[0093] Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a further embodiment of the heat exchanger block 2D. Fig. 13 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the above-mentioned first cover plate 5. Fig. 14 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the above-mentioned second cover plate 6. Fig. 15 is a further schematic diagram of the heat exchanger block 2D. Fig. 16 is a schematic exploded view of the heat exchanger block 2D. In the following, Figs. 12 to 16 will be simultaneously referred to.

[0094] The heat exchanger block 2D includes heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 having opposing cover plates 5, 6, as described above. Only two cover plates 5, 6 are shown in FIGS. 12-16. The cover plates 5, 6 may have thicknesses d5, d6 of, for example, 5 mm. However, preferably, the first cover plate 5 and / or the second cover plate 6 each have a thickness d5, d6 of 8-18 mm, preferably 10-16 mm, and more preferably 12-14 mm. In particular, the cover plates 5, 6 have a thickness d5, d6 of at least 12 mm.

[0095] Each cover plate 5, 6 comprises a number of grooves or recesses 48-53. In this case, recesses 48-50 are assigned to the first cover plate 5 and recesses 51-53 are assigned to the second cover plate 6. The recesses 48-53 may be rectangular grooves milled into the associated cover plate 5, 6. The number of recesses 48-53 may be arbitrary. In particular, the cover plates 5, 6 are aligned so that the recesses 48-50 and the recesses 51-53 are coplanar.

[0096] The recesses 48-50 of the first cover plate 5 are interconnected by bores 54-56 oriented perpendicular to the recesses 48-50. The bores 54-56 may be any number. The bores 54-56 are equally spaced apart from one another. The bores 54-56 are conical. The recesses 51-53 of the second cover plate 6 are interconnected by bores 57-59 oriented perpendicular to the recesses 51-53. The bores 57-59 may be any number. The bores 57-59 are equally spaced apart from one another. The bores 57-59 are also conical.

[0097] The recesses 48-53 accommodate connecting elements 60. In this case, the connecting elements 60 extend from the recesses 48-50 of the first cover plate 5 into the recesses 51-53 of the second cover plate 6. The number of connecting elements 60 is arbitrary. Each connecting element 60 has an opening or bore 61-63. The bores 61-63 are arranged flush with the bores 57-59. Bolts or pins 64-66 are accommodated in the bores 57-59 and bores 61-63. The pins 64-66 are conical.

[0098] Each connecting element 60 has a thickness d60. The connecting elements 60 can all have the same thickness d60. Alternatively, the connecting elements 60 can have different thicknesses d60.

[0099] The two heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 are first connected by milling recesses 48-53 in the opposing cover plates 5, 6 of the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 in the area of the weld seam 30 at intervals dependent on the mechanical tensile load using a template or a CNC machine (Computerized Numerical Control, CNC). Next, the connecting elements 60 are received in the recesses 48-50 in the first cover plate 5 of the first heat exchanger block module 28.

[0100] The second heat exchanger block module 29 is aligned with the first heat exchanger block module 28 such that the second cover plate 6 is received within the recesses 51-53 of the second cover plate 6 of the second heat exchanger block module 29 when the second heat exchanger block module 29 is lowered.

[0101] After the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29 have been placed on top of each other with the connecting elements 60 housed in the recesses 51-53, a conical drill (1:50 or 1:100) is used to drill the bores 54-59, 61-63 through the cover plates 5, 6 and the connecting elements 60. Conical pins 64-66 are accordingly pressed into the bores 54-59 and 61-63. The bores 54-59 are welded closed and then a weld seam 30 is formed between the heat exchanger block modules 28, 29.

[0102] FIG. 17 is a schematic exploded detail view of another embodiment of a heat exchanger block 2E.

[0103] The structure of the heat exchanger block 2E is substantially the same as that of the heat exchanger block 2D. The heat exchanger block 2E comprises two heat exchanger block modules 28, 29. The first cover plate 5 of the first heat exchanger block module 28 comprises a plurality of recesses 48-50, as previously described with reference to Figures 12-16. Accordingly, the second heat exchanger block module 29 has corresponding recesses 51-53 on its second cover plate 6.

[0104] The associated cover plates 5, 6 are formed with bores 67, 68 perpendicular to the recesses 48-50, which interconnect all of the recesses 48-50 or recesses 51-53. A rotating shaft 69 (hatched) passes through the bore 67. The shaft 69 can rotate within the bore 67. A connecting element 70 is rotationally fixedly connected to the shaft 69. The connecting element 70 has two bores 71, 72. The shaft 69 is received in the hole 71 in a rotationally fixed manner. For example, the connecting element 70 is pinned to the shaft 69.

[0105] The connecting element 70 is rotatable with the shaft 69 and can be moved from an unfolded state (solid lines) to a folded state (dashed lines). In the folded state, the connecting element 70 is designated by the reference numeral 70'. The same applies to the bore 72, which is designated by the reference numeral 72' in the folded state. In the unfolded state, the connecting element 70 protrudes beyond the first cover plate 5. In the folded state, the connecting element 70 is fully housed within the associated recesses 48-50. The movement of the connecting element 70 from the unfolded state to the folded state and vice versa is indicated by a double arrow 73.

[0106] The heat exchanger block 2E is installed as follows: First, recesses 48-53 are formed in the cover plates 5, 6. Then, bores 67, 68 are provided in both cover plates 5, 6. Then, connecting elements 70 and shafts 69 are attached to the first cover plate 5 of the first heat exchanger block module 28. All connecting elements 70 are folded.

[0107] The second heat exchanger block module 29 is placed on the first heat exchanger block module 28 so that the recesses 48-50 of the first cover plate 5 and the recesses 51-53 of the second cover plate 6 overlap each other. By rotating the associated shaft 69, the connecting element 70 is moved from the folded state to the unfolded state. In this case, the connecting element 70 is folded into the recesses 51-53 of the second cover plate 6 of the second heat exchanger block module 29. A further shaft 69 is pushed through the bores 68, 72, thereby connecting the first heat exchanger block module 28 to the second heat exchanger block module 29. The bores 67 and 68 are then welded closed, and a weld seam 30 is applied.

[0108] 12-16, the first cover plate 5 has a first surface 74. The recesses 48-50 are machined into the first surface 74. This means, among other things, that the recesses 48-50 are located below the first surface 74. The recesses 48-50 extend from the first surface 74 into the first cover plate 5.

[0109] The second cover plate 6 has a second surface 75. The first surface 74 and the second surface 75 face each other. In particular, the first cover plate 5 and the second cover plate 6 abut each other at their two surfaces 74, 75. The recesses 51-53 are machined in the second surface 75. This means, in particular, that the recesses 51-53 are located below the second surface 75. The recesses 51-53 extend from the second surface 75 into the second cover plate 6. The same applies to the heat exchanger block 2E according to FIG. 17.

[0110] The recesses 48-50 are introduced or incorporated into the first cover plate 5, particularly into the first surface 74, by a separate and / or molding manufacturing process. Accordingly, the recesses 51-53 are also introduced or incorporated into the second cover plate 6, particularly into the second surface 75, by a separate and / or molding manufacturing process. In a separate manufacturing process, material is removed. In a molding manufacturing process, material is deformed. In particular, abrasive manufacturing processes such as milling or erosion are used as separate manufacturing processes. For example, pressing, rolling, or forging are used as molding manufacturing processes. The same applies to the heat exchanger block 2E according to FIG. 17.

[0111] FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a plate heat exchanger 1.

[0112] This method is particularly suitable for manufacturing heat exchanger blocks 2A, 2B, 2C, 2D, and 2E. In this method, in step S1, a first heat exchanger block module 28 and a second heat exchanger block module 29 are prepared. The preparation may include manufacturing the heat exchanger block modules 28 and 29, in particular soldering the heat exchange elements 3 and the separator plates 4.

[0113] In step S2, the first heat exchanger block module 28 and the second heat exchanger block module 29 are interconnected by a form-fit connection. Step S3 of the method includes interconnecting the first heat exchanger block module 28 and the second heat exchanger block module 29 by a weld seam 30 such that the form-fit connection is at least partially covered by the weld seam 30.

[0114] During step S2, the first cover plate 5 of the first heat exchanger block module 28 and the second cover plate 6 of the second heat exchanger block module 29 are interconnected in the manner of a form-fit connection using the associated connecting elements 47, 60, 70.

[0115] In particular, during step S1, a plurality of recesses 48-50 are provided in the first cover plate 5, each recess 48-50 housing a connecting element 60, 70, and recesses 51-53 are also provided in the second cover plate 6, each recess 51-53 housing an associated connecting element 60, 70.

[0116] During step S2, the bores 54-59, 61-63 are formed in the first cover plate 5, the second cover plate 6 and the associated connecting element 60, and the first cover plate 5, the second cover plate 6 and the connecting element 60 are pinned to one another by pins 64-66. As a result, the cover plates 5, 6 and the connecting element 60 or elements 60 are integrally connected to one another.

[0117] Although the present invention has been described with reference to embodiments, the present invention can be modified in various ways within the scope of the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0118] (List of reference symbols) 1 Plate heat exchanger 2 Plate heat exchanger block 2A Heat Exchanger Block 2B Heat Exchanger Block 2C Heat Exchanger Block 2D Heat Exchanger Block 2E Heat Exchanger Block 3 Heat exchange elements 4 Separation Plate 5 cover plate 6 Cover Plate 7 edge strip 8 edge strip 9 Connected Devices 10 Connected Devices 11 Connected Devices 12 Connected Devices 13 Connected Devices 14 Connected Devices 15 Connected Devices 16 connected devices 17 Connected Devices 18 Connected Devices 19 Connectors 20 Connectors 21 Connector 22 Connectors 23 Connector 24 connectors 25 connectors 26 Outer surface 27 Process Engineering Plant 28 Heat Exchanger Block Module 29 Heat Exchanger Block Module 30 Welded Seam 31 Hook part 32 Hook part 33 Hook-in part 34 Hook-in part 35 Wedge element 36 Wedge element 37 Engagement part 38 Engagement part 39 Engaged part 40 Engaged part 41 Bore 42 bore 43 pin 44 pin 45 Engagement part 46 Engagement part 47 Connecting Elements 48 recess 49 Recess 50 recess 51 Recess 52 recess 53 Recess 54 Bore 55 bore 56 Bore 57 Bore 58 Bore 59 Bore 60 connecting elements 61 Bore 62 bore 63 bore 64-pin 65 pins 66 pins 67 bore 68 bore 69 Shaft 70 connecting elements 70' connecting element 71 Bore 72 bore 72 bore 73 Double Arrow 74 Surface 75 Surface A fluid B Fluid C Fluid D Fluid d5 thickness d6 thickness d60 thickness E Fluid S area S1 Step S2 Step S3 Step x width direction y Height direction z depth direction

Claims

1. A plate heat exchanger (1) comprising a first heat exchanger block module (28) and a second heat exchanger block module (29), wherein the first heat exchanger block module (28) and the second heat exchanger block module (29) are interconnected by a form-fit connection, the first heat exchanger block module (28) and the second heat exchanger block module (29) are interconnected by a weld seam (30), the weld seam (30) covering at least a portion of the form-fit connection, and the first heat exchanger block module (28) is covered by a first cover plate (5). ), the second heat exchanger block module (29) comprises a second cover plate (6), the first cover plate (5) and the second cover plate (6) are interconnected by the form-fit connection, the first cover plate (5) and the second cover plate (6) are interconnected in a form-fit manner by connecting elements (60, 70), the first cover plate (5) comprises recesses (48-50) in which the connecting elements (60, 70) are received, and the second cover plate (6) comprises recesses (51-53) in which the connecting elements (60, 70) are received.

2. 2. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the first cover plate (5) and / or the second cover plate (6) each have a thickness (d5, d6) of 8 to 18 mm, preferably 10 to 16 mm, more preferably 12 to 14 mm.

3. 3. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the first cover plate (5) and the second cover plate (6) are interconnected by the weld seam (30).

4. 4. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the recesses (48-50) of the first cover plate (5) extend into the first cover plate (5) from a surface (74) of the first cover plate (5) facing the second cover plate (6), and / or the recesses (51-53) of the second cover plate (6) extend into the second cover plate (6) from a surface (75) of the second cover plate (6) facing the first cover plate (5).

5. 5. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of connecting elements (60, 70) are provided, said connecting elements (60, 70) having different thicknesses (d60).

6. 6. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the connecting element (60) is pinned to the first cover plate (5) and the second cover plate (6) by pins (64-66).

7. 7. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein the weld seam (30) covers the pins (64-66).

8. 8. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 6 or claim 7, wherein the pins (64 to 66) are conical.

9. 10. The plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the recesses (48-50) of the first cover plate (5) are machined in the first cover plate (5) by a separate and / or molded manufacturing process, and / or the recesses (51-53) of the second cover plate (6) are machined in the second cover plate (6) by a separate and / or molded manufacturing process.

10. A method for manufacturing a plate heat exchanger (1), comprising the steps of: a) providing a first heat exchanger block module (28) and a second heat exchanger block module (29); b) a step (S2) of interconnecting the first heat exchanger block module (28) and the second heat exchanger block module (29) by a form-fit connection, wherein a first cover plate (5) of the first heat exchanger block module (28) and a second cover plate (6) of the second heat exchanger block module (29) are interconnected in a form-fit manner by connection elements (47, 60, 70), and in step a) recesses (48-50) into which the connection elements (60, 70) are accommodated are provided on the first cover plate (5) and recesses (51-53) into which the connection elements (60, 70) are accommodated are provided on the second cover plate (6); c) interconnecting (S3) the first heat exchanger block module (28) and the second heat exchanger block module (29) by a weld seam (30) such that the form-fit connection is at least partially covered by the weld seam (30).

11. 11. The method according to claim 10, wherein in step b), bores (54-59, 61-63) are formed in the first cover plate (5), the second cover plate (6) and the connecting element (60), and the first cover plate (5), the second cover plate (6) and the connecting element (60) are pinned to each other by pins (64-66) inserted into the bores (54-59, 61-63).

12. The method according to claim 10 or claim 11, wherein the recesses (48-50) of the first cover plate (5) are machined into the first cover plate (5) by a separate and / or molded manufacturing process, and / or the recesses (51-53) of the second cover plate (6) are machined into the second cover plate (6) by a separate and / or molded manufacturing process.

Images