New bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling pathology knife

Abstract

The present invention discloses a new bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling pathology knife, with an upper handle serving as a gripping and force-receiving portion, a tubular chamber at the front end of the tubular hollow knife body for receiving the sample to be collected, a smooth-edged circular knife head at the distal end for picking up the target tissue during advancement, and a rotary pathology knife for breaking the connection between the sample and adjacent tissue using the torsional force of a roughly wedge-shaped osteotome. This device has a rational structure, excellent biocompatibility, and sufficient strength. By optimizing the knife head structure, it combines the functions of a traditional ring saw and a extraction device, simplifies the puncture biopsy process, solves the problem of bone tissue sampling being difficult due to the size limitations of puncture biopsy devices, and effectively improves the success rate of puncture biopsy while shortening the operation time.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to the field of bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling, and more particularly to a new bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling pathology knife. [Background technology]

[0002] Bone tissue biopsy is primarily performed on patients with suspected primary benign or malignant tumors or metastatic bone tumors. Sampling the lesion can clarify its pathological nature and differentiate it from non-tumor lesions such as infection or trauma, providing important reference information for treatment planning, especially when diagnostic imaging and medical history are not possible. Currently, the most commonly used bone tissue biopsy sampling methods are open and closed-needle biopsy. Open-needle biopsy is primarily used for shallow tumors with small volumes and clear imaging results. While sufficient volume is obtained, the incidence of associated side effects is higher and many patients find it intolerable, limiting its clinical application. Closed-needle biopsy, which often uses a cannula-guided needle or other device to obtain the sample, is widely used because it significantly reduces damage to surrounding tissues and bone structure stability, despite obtaining less tissue than open-needle biopsy. The cannulated ring saw combination system is the most commonly used. Conventional cannula-ring saw systems use a puncture needle or cannula to reach the sampling site. The cutting force generated by the rotation of the ring saw's teeth creates an annular gap of a certain depth, isolating a cylindrical sample of tissue with its sides and one bottom separated from the surroundings. When applied to soft tissues, conventional systems can be used to pull and rupture the tip of the cylindrical sample using grasping forceps, which is relatively effective. However, when applied to hard bone tissues, the physical limitations of the cannula's size prevent the grasping device from expanding within the narrow cannula, making it difficult to break the connection between the bottom of the sample and the adjacent tissue within the passage, resulting in failed sampling. Meanwhile, miniaturization and weight reduction of sampling instruments are key trends in research, development, and design for minimally invasive and safe sampling. However, the tradeoff between device volume and sampling needs cannot be resolved simply by increasing the cannula diameter. Most patented inventions and improvements focus solely on shape optimization or material improvements to the ring saw or grasping device, lacking structural innovation.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for a new bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling device that can successfully meet the needs of sampling hard tissues without increasing the diameter of the original cannula, while reducing material consumption and simplifying the sampling procedure. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a new type of bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling pathology knife, which has a handle and a knife body connected together as a whole, and which can easily break the connection between the sample base and the adjacent area in the cannula using a roughly wedge-shaped osteotome in the knife head, thereby providing good results in the application of high-hardness tissue sampling. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The present invention is realized as follows: A new bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling pathology knife, comprising a handle (1), a knife body (2), and a pathology knife head (3); The handle (1) is attached to the rear end of the knife body (2), and is used to be grasped and struck with an orthopedic hammer in a straight forward direction; The front end of the knife body (2) is a tubular chamber (4) that is used to accommodate the target tissue sample taken during the advancement of the pathological knife; The pathological knife head (3) comprises a circular blade (5) and a roughly wedge-shaped osteotome (6), the bottom edge of the tubular chamber (4) is the circular blade (5), allowing the pathological knife to advance without rotating, and the inner wall of the tubular chamber (4) is provided with at least one roughly wedge-shaped osteotome (6) that can twist and destroy the connection between the sample to be collected that has entered the tubular chamber (4) and the adjacent tissue during the advancement.

[0006] Furthermore, the roughly wedge-shaped osteotome (6) has a first blade (61) on the side and a second blade (62) on the top.

[0007] Furthermore, the height of the generally wedge-shaped osteotome (6) is equal to or greater than the radius of the tubular chamber (4), thereby increasing the cutting contact area and torsional moment.

[0008] Furthermore, the second blade (62) is arranged in the axial direction of the tubular chamber (4), and the angle between the first blade (61) and the second blade (62) is ≧90°. By cutting with both blades, the forward resistance of the knife body is reduced, and the intersecting blades on both sides act simultaneously to form a regular conical or truncated conical cutting surface, resulting in a more regular wound surface and less damage to the bone tissue at the extraction location.

[0009] Furthermore, the top surface of the handle (1) has a non-slip texture to increase gripping strength when gripping.

[0010] Furthermore, the knife body (2) is a tubular hollow knife body, which reduces the weight of the knife and saves material; the length requirement of the knife body (2) is longer than that of the puncture cannula commonly used in orthopedic surgery; the surface of the knife body (2) is given a matte finish treatment, which increases the attenuation between the knife body and the cannula wall; and a scale is sprayed on to allow observation of the advancement depth, which helps the surgeon make intraoperative decisions.

[0011] Furthermore, the handle (1), the knife body (2) and the pathological knife head (3) are all integrally molded, which enhances the stability of the structure.

[0012] Furthermore, medical titanium alloy powders can be used to manufacture them using molding processes such as 3D printing, extrusion, or molding.

[0013] The operating principle of the new bone tissue puncture biopsy pathology knife is as follows: after confirming by fluoroscopy that the puncture cannula is in the correct position, the pathology knife (3) is inserted into the cannula and advanced in a straight line along the cannula without rotating it using an orthopedic hammer; as the pathology knife advances, the target tissue enters the tubular chamber (4) and is pushed into the roughly wedge-shaped osteotome (6) inside it, twisting and destroying the connection between the target sample and the adjacent tissue, allowing the sample to be obtained without the need for other grasping devices such as grasping forceps.

[0014] Compared with conventional techniques, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. This device is integrally molded using technologies such as 3D printing, using biocompatible and sufficiently strong materials. It easily destroys the connection between the bottom end of the sample taken into the tubular passage and the adjacent tissue to extract the target tissue. This solves the problem of the difficulty of extracting hard bone tissue due to the size limitations of the extraction device, effectively improving the success rate of puncture extraction while reducing needle insertion time and potential re-punctures. 2. This device integrates a smooth circular blade with a roughly wedge-shaped osteotome, combining the functions of a traditional ring saw and extraction device. After the roughly wedge-shaped osteotome completes the torsional destruction, the sample is extracted together with the pathology knife, eliminating the need for auxiliary procedures such as grasping forceps or negative pressure, simplifying the extraction procedure and reducing material loss.

[0015] In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly describe the drawings that need to be used in the embodiments. Please note that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope. Those skilled in the art can also derive other related drawings based on these drawings without any creative efforts. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0016] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall structure of the device. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a view of the structure of the pathology knife head of the device. [Figure 3] 2B is an enlarged view of a portion of the bottom view of the pathological knife head in FIG. 2A. [Figure 4] FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of a portion of the overall structure of the pathological knife head in FIG. 2A. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pathology knife of the device. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the position of the blade of a generally wedge-shaped osteotome. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0017] In order to clarify the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described below clearly and completely with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] As shown in Figures 1 to 6, the new bone tissue puncture biopsy pathology knife includes an umbrella-shaped handle 1, a tubular hollow knife body 2, and a pathology knife head 3, which are integrally molded symmetrically along the midline. The pathology knife head is composed of a smooth circular blade 5 and a roughly wedge-shaped osteotome 6. The coronal surface of the handle 1 is umbrella-shaped and is attached to the rear end of the tubular hollow knife body 2. It is used for grasping and striking with an orthopedic hammer to advance the knife forward in a straight line. The surface has a non-slip texture to increase friction when grasping. The tubular hollow knife body 2 is longer than the puncture cannula commonly used in orthopedic surgery. The surface is given a matte finish and spray-applied with scales to increase the damping between the knife body and the puncture cannula. The knife advances in response to the strike of the orthopedic hammer, while the advancement depth is monitored by the scales and intraoperative fluoroscopy, enhancing the safety of the pathology knife. The front end of the knife body 2 is a tubular chamber 4, which accommodates the target tissue sampled during the advancement of the pathological knife. The bottom edge of the tubular chamber 4 is a circular blade 5, allowing the pathological knife to advance without rotation. The inner wall of the tubular chamber 4 is provided with at least one roughly wedge-shaped osteotome 6, which twists and breaks the connection between the sample and adjacent tissue during advancement. After confirming that the puncture cannula is in the desired position through fluoroscopy, the pathological knife is inserted into the cannula and advanced along the cannula without rotation using an orthopedic hammer. The blade 5 first contacts the target tissue, and then, as the knife body advances, the roughly wedge-shaped osteotome 6 penetrates the target tissue. Once the pathological knife reaches the desired position, it rotates 360 degrees in one direction, breaking the connection between the bottom of the sample and adjacent tissue. The height of the roughly wedge-shaped osteotome 6 is preferably equal to or greater than the radius of the tubular chamber 4, thereby increasing the cutting contact area and torsional moment. The generally wedge-shaped osteotome 6 has a first blade 61 on its side and a second blade 62 on its top, where the second blade 62 is provided in the axial direction of the tubular chamber 4 .The angle between the first blade 16 and the second blade 62 is ≥ 90°. This design, which uses both blades for cutting, reduces the forward movement resistance of the knife body. The intersecting blades simultaneously act to form a regular conical or frustoconical cutting surface, resulting in a more regular wound surface and less damage to the target bone tissue. The separated sample is simultaneously cut in two directions, radially and axially, by the first and second blades. The target tissue is separated and cut and captured into the tubular chamber 4. The sample is then extracted by pulling it out along with the pathology knife, eliminating the need for other grasping devices such as grasping forceps. This simplifies the collection procedure and reduces material loss. The umbrella-shaped handle 1, the tubular hollow knife body 2, and the pathology knife head 3 can be integrally manufactured using 3D printing technology or conventional techniques such as extrusion molding or molding. This patent does not limit the manufacturing materials and techniques for this device. The device must be very biocompatible and strong enough to easily break the connection between the base of the sample to be collected in the tubular chamber 4 and the adjacent tissue.

[0019] The scope of application of the present invention is applicable to most bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling procedures, including but not limited to vertebral puncture biopsies and cancellous bone puncture biopsies of the extremity epiphyses, such as the proximal humerus, wrist, proximal femur, femoral condyle, proximal tibia, ankle, and pelvis.

[0020] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0021] 1, handle; 2, knife body; 3, pathological knife head; 4, tubular chamber; 5, circular blade; 6, roughly wedge-shaped osteotome; 61, first blade; 62, second blade

Claims

1. A new bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling pathology knife, comprising a handle (1), a knife body (2), and a pathology knife head (3), The handle (1) is attached to the rear end of the knife body (2), and is used to grasp and strike with an orthopedic hammer in a straight forward direction; The front end of the knife body (2) is a tubular chamber (4) which is used to accommodate the target tissue sample taken during the advancement of the pathological knife; The pathological knife head (3) comprises a circular blade (5) and a roughly wedge-shaped osteotome (6), the bottom edge of the tubular chamber (4) is the circular blade (5) which allows the pathological knife to advance without rotating, and the inner wall of the tubular chamber (4) is provided with at least one roughly wedge-shaped osteotome (6) which can twist and destroy the connection between the sample to be collected that has entered the tubular chamber (4) and the adjacent tissue during the advancement.

2. The new bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling pathology knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the approximately wedge-shaped osteotome (6) has a first blade (61) on the side and a second blade (62) on the top.

3. 2. The new bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling pathology knife according to claim 1, wherein the height of the approximately wedge-shaped osteotome (6) is equal to or greater than the radius of the tubular chamber (4).

4. The new bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling pathology knife according to claim 2, characterized in that the second blade (62) is arranged in the axial direction of the tubular chamber (4), and the angle between the first blade (61) and the second blade (62) is ≧90°.

5. The new bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling pathology knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper surface of the handle (1) has an anti-slip texture to increase the gripping force when gripping.

6. The new bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling pathology knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the knife body (2) is a tubular hollow knife body, the outer surface of the knife body (2) is matte finished and has scales sprayed on.

7. The new bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling pathology knife according to claim 1, characterized in that the handle (1), the knife body (2) and the pathology knife head (3) are all integrally formed.

8. The new bone tissue puncture biopsy sampling pathology knife according to claim 7, characterized in that it is manufactured using a molding process such as 3D printing, extrusion molding or molding using medical titanium alloy powder.

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