Medical Connectors

Abstract

The medical connector can include a threaded coupling configured to couple to a medical device by rotation of the medical device relative to the threaded coupling in a tightening direction. The threaded coupling can include one or more first engagement features. The connector can have a fluid path for transferring fluid through the device and a rotation mechanism. The rotation mechanism allows the threaded coupling to rotate in a loosening direction relative to the housing, prevents unintentional disengagement of the medical device from the threaded coupling, etc. In some cases, the connector can have an engagement / disengagement configuration that allows the threaded coupling to rotate in a tightening direction and a loosening direction relative to the housing.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 426,314, entitled "MEDICAL CONNECTORS," filed November 17, 2022. The entire contents of each of the above-identified applications are hereby incorporated by reference herein and made a part of this specification for all that they disclose.

[0002] Some embodiments disclosed herein relate to medical connectors. [Background technology]

[0003] Although a variety of medical connectors exist, there remains a need for improved medical connectors. Summary of the Invention [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] For purposes of illustration, and without limiting the scope of the claims, several exemplary embodiments are summarized below. The embodiments may include several novel features, no single one of which is solely responsible for its desirable attributes or essential to the embodiment.

[0005] According to some aspects of the present disclosure, a medical connector may include a housing having first, second, third, and fourth sidewall sections. The second and fourth sidewall sections may have inwardly extending protrusions. The second and fourth sidewall sections may be configured to be compressed inward toward each other when an external force is applied to transition the medical connector from a disengaged state to an engaged state. The second and fourth sidewall sections may be configured to automatically move outward away from each other when the external force is removed to transition the medical connector from the engaged state to the disengaged state. The connector may have a proximal end portion that may have a connection joint configured to couple with another connector upon rotation of the other connector in a tightening direction relative to the proximal end portion. The proximal end portion may include protrusions configured to engage with protrusions on the second and fourth sidewall sections of the housing when the medical connector is in an engaged state and prevent rotation of the proximal end portion in the tightening direction relative to the housing to facilitate coupling of the other connector with the proximal end portion. The protrusions on the proximal end portion may be configured not to mate with the protrusions on the second and fourth side wall sections of the housing when the medical connector is in a disengaged state, thereby causing the proximal end portion to rotate relative to the housing in a tightening direction and an unfastening direction opposite to the tightening direction.

[0006] According to some aspects of the present disclosure, a medical connector can include a first portion (e.g., a first housing portion) having a first opening, a second portion (e.g., a second housing portion) having a second opening, a fluid pathway extending between the first opening and the second opening, and a rotation mechanism having a first configuration and a second configuration. The first configuration can allow rotation of the first portion relative to the second portion in a first direction and a second direction. The second configuration can prevent rotation of the first portion relative to the second portion in the second direction. The rotation mechanism can default to the first configuration.

[0007] According to some aspects of the present disclosure, a medical fluid transfer device may include a threaded connection fitting configured to couple to a first medical instrument by rotating the first medical instrument relative to the threaded connection fitting in a tightening direction. The threaded connection fitting may include one or more first engagement features. The device may have a fluid pathway for transferring fluid through the device. The device may have a housing including at least one movable section with one or more second engagement features. The movable section may have an engagement configuration and a disengagement configuration. The engagement configuration may include one or more second engagement features positioned to engage with the one or more first engagement features to prevent rotation of the threaded connection fitting relative to the housing in the tightening direction and facilitate coupling of the first medical instrument to the threaded connection fitting. The engagement configuration may allow rotation of the threaded connection fitting relative to the housing in a loosening direction to prevent unintentional disengagement of the first medical instrument from the threaded connection fitting. The disengagement arrangement can position the second engagement feature such that it can be disengaged from the first engagement feature to allow the threaded connection coupling to rotate relative to the housing in tightening and loosening directions.

[0008] According to some aspects of the present disclosure, a medical connector may include a first connector portion including a first opening and one or more first engagement features, a second connector portion including a second opening and one or more second engagement features, a fluid pathway configured to transport fluid through the medical connector between the first opening and the second opening, and an engagement member having one or more internal engagement features and one or more external engagement features. The one or more internal engagement features may be configured to mate with one or more first engagement features on the first connector portion. The one or more external engagement features may be configured to mate with one or more second engagement features on the second connector portion. The medical connector may allow rotation of the first connector portion relative to the second connector portion in a first direction while preventing rotation of the first connector portion relative to the second connector portion in a second direction opposite the first direction.

[0009] According to some aspects of the present disclosure, a medical connector can include a proximal portion having a proximal opening, a distal portion having a distal opening, a fluid pathway extending between the proximal and distal openings, and a rotation mechanism that enables rotation of the proximal portion relative to the distal portion. The medical connector can include any of various features disclosed herein.

[0010] According to some aspects of the present disclosure, a medical connector can include a housing including first, second, third, and fourth sidewall sections, and the second and fourth sidewall sections can include inwardly extending protrusions. The second and fourth sidewall sections can be configured to be compressed inward toward each other when an external force is applied to transition the medical connector from a disengaged state to an engaged state, and the second and fourth sidewall sections are configured to automatically move outward away from each other when the external force is removed to transition the medical connector from the engaged state to the disengaged state. The proximal end portion can include a connection joint configured to couple to another connector by rotating the other connector relative to the proximal end portion in a tightening direction. The proximal end portion can include protrusions configured to engage with protrusions on the second and fourth sidewall sections of the housing when the medical connector is in an engaged state and prevent rotation of the proximal end portion relative to the housing in the tightening direction to facilitate coupling of the other connector to the proximal end portion. The protrusions on the proximal end portion may be configured not to mate with the protrusions on the second and fourth side wall sections of the housing when the medical connector is in a disengaged state, thereby causing the proximal end portion to rotate relative to the housing in a tightening direction and an unfastening direction opposite to the tightening direction.

[0011] The medical connector may be configured to allow rotation of the proximal end portion relative to the housing in a loosening direction when the medical connector is in an engaged state, such as to prevent disengagement of another connector from the proximal end portion. The protrusions on the proximal end portion and / or the protrusions on the housing may be configured to deform when the medical connector is in an engaged state, allowing the protrusions on the proximal end portion to rotate relative to the housing in the loosening direction. Either the protrusions on the proximal end portion and / or the protrusions on the housing may include pawls configured to bend when the medical connector is in an engaged state, allowing the protrusions on the proximal end portion to rotate past the protrusions on the distal end portion in the loosening direction. The medical connector may be configured such that, when the medical connector is in an engaged state, rotating the proximal end portion relative to the housing in the loosening direction with a force less than a disengagement threshold for loosening or removing the other connector attached from the proximal end portion causes the protrusions on the proximal end portion to rotate past the protrusions on the housing, thereby preventing disengagement of the other connector from the proximal end portion. The protrusions on the proximal end portion may include flexible pawls. The protrusions on the second and fourth side wall sections of the housing may include flexible tabs.

[0012] The first and third sidewall sections can define stop surfaces that limit the distance the second and fourth sidewall sections can be compressed inward toward each other. The first and third sidewall sections can be positioned to abut the second and fourth sidewall sections when the medical connector is in an engaged state, thereby limiting engagement of the protrusions, etc., so that the proximal end portion can rotate in a loosening direction relative to the housing. The connection fitting on the proximal end portion can be a Luer lock fitting. The connection fitting on the proximal end portion can be a female Luer lock fitting. The connection fitting on the proximal end portion can be a female Luer. The connection fitting on the distal end portion can be a male Luer (e.g., a male Luer lock fitting). In some implementations, the proximal end portion does not move axially relative to the housing. A gap can separate the first, second, third, and fourth sidewall sections. The protrusion on the housing can be configured to directly contact the protrusion on the proximal end portion in the engaged state.

[0013] The medical connector can include an engaging member having one or more inner engaging elements configured to mate with protrusions on the proximal end portion, and the engaging member can have one or more outer engaging elements configured to mate with protrusions on the housing. The proximal end portion can include a first opening, the housing can include a second opening, and the medical connector can include a fluid pathway between the first opening and the second opening. The medical connector can include a valve member configured to move between a closed position that closes the fluid pathway and an open position that opens the fluid pathway. The valve member can include a flow path. A proximal end of the valve member can penetrate into the proximal end portion. The medical connector can include a sealing member configured to form a fluid seal between an exterior of the valve member and an interior of the proximal end portion. The medical connector can include a biasing member configured to bias the valve member toward the closed position. The biasing member can include a first securing portion that can be coupled to the housing, a second securing portion that can be coupled to the valve member, and one or more elastic straps that can couple the first securing portion to the second securing portion. The second fixed portion can move away from the first fixed portion when the valve member moves from the closed position toward the open position, thereby stretching the one or more elastic straps. The biasing member can be a spring.

[0014] According to some aspects of the present disclosure, a medical connector can include a first portion having a first opening, a second portion having a second opening, a fluid pathway extending between the first opening and the second opening, and a rotation mechanism having a first configuration and a second configuration. The first configuration can allow rotation of the second portion relative to the first portion in a first direction and a second direction opposite the first direction. The second configuration can prevent rotation of the second portion relative to the first portion in the second direction.

[0015] The rotation mechanism may be in a first configuration by default. A second configuration of the rotation mechanism may allow rotation of the second portion relative to the first portion in a first direction and may prevent rotation of the second portion relative to the first portion in a second direction. The second portion may be configured to couple to the medical instrument by rotation of the medical instrument in the second direction (e.g., as opposed to a threaded engagement between the medical instrument and the second portion). The rotation mechanism may be configured to transition between the first and second configurations without axial movement of the second portion relative to the first portion. The rotation mechanism may include one or more engaging elements on the first portion configured to engage with engaging elements on the second portion when the rotation mechanism is in the second configuration, e.g., such that rotation of the second portion relative to the first portion in the second direction is prevented. The one or more engaging elements on the first portion or the one or more engaging elements on the second portion may be configured to flex when the rotation mechanism is in the second configuration to allow the one or more engaging elements on the second portion to rotate in the first direction past the one or more engaging elements on the first portion. The one or more engaging elements on the first portion can be configured to directly contact the one or more engaging elements on the second portion when the rotation mechanism is in the second configuration, and the one or more engaging elements on the second portion can be configured to rotate without contacting the one or more engaging elements on the first portion when the rotation mechanism is in the first configuration.

[0016] The rotation mechanism can include an engagement member that can have one or more inner engagement elements configured to mate with one or more engagement elements on the second portion, and the engagement member can have one or more outer engagement elements configured to mate with one or more engagement elements on the first portion. The engagement member can include a body portion having a substantially circular shape. The engagement member is configured to be deformed out of the substantially circular shape when the rotation mechanism is in the second configuration.

[0017] The first portion can include one or more movable sections that can be actuated by a user to move one or more engagement elements on the first portion toward one or more engagement elements on the second portion, transition the rotation mechanism to the second configuration, etc. The first portion can include at least one stopper to limit the distance the one or more movable sections can be actuated. The second configuration of the rotation mechanism can prevent rotation of the second portion relative to the first portion in the first direction and the second direction.

[0018] In some implementations, the second portion can move axially relative to the first portion to transition the rotation mechanism between the first and second configurations. A biasing member can be configured to bias the first portion toward an axial position that produces the first configuration of the rotation mechanism. The first portion can include one or more protrusions or recesses that engage with one or more corresponding recesses or protrusions on the second portion when the rotation mechanism is in the second configuration. The one or more protrusions or recesses can be disengaged from the one or more corresponding recesses or protrusions when the rotation mechanism is in the first configuration.

[0019] The medical connector can include a valve having a closed configuration that closes the fluid pathway and an open configuration that opens the fluid pathway. The valve member can include a flow path. The connector can include a first seal member that can be configured to form a fluid seal between an exterior of the valve member and a first portion of the connector. The connector can include a second seal member that can be configured to form a fluid seal between an exterior of the valve member and a second portion of the connector. The biasing member can be configured to bias the valve toward the closed configuration. The biasing member can include a first fixation portion coupled to the first portion of the connector, a second fixation portion coupled to the valve, and one or more resilient straps that couple the first fixation portion to the second fixation portion.

[0020] The first portion may be configured to connect to a first medical device, and the second portion may be configured to connect to a second medical device. The medical connector may be configured to transfer fluid between the first medical device and the second medical device. The second portion may include a luer lock fitting. The first portion may include a luer lock fitting. The second portion may include a female luer lock fitting, and the first portion may include a male luer lock fitting.

[0021] According to some aspects of the present disclosure, a medical fluid transfer device can include a threaded connection fitting that can be configured to couple to a medical instrument by rotating the medical instrument relative to the threaded connection fitting in a tightening direction. The threaded connection fitting can include one or more first engagement features. The medical connector can include a fluid pathway for transferring fluid through the device. The medical connector includes a housing that can include at least one movable section with one or more second engagement features, the movable section having an engagement configuration and a disengagement configuration. The engagement configuration can include one or more second engagement features positioned to engage with the one or more first engagement features to prevent rotation of the threaded connection fitting relative to the housing in the tightening direction, such as to facilitate coupling of the medical instrument to the threaded connection fitting. The engagement configuration can allow rotation of the threaded connection fitting relative to the housing in a loosening direction, such as to prevent unintentional disengagement of the medical instrument from the threaded connection fitting. The disengagement arrangement can position the second engagement feature such that it can be disengaged from the first engagement feature to allow the threaded connection coupling to rotate relative to the housing in tightening and loosening directions.

[0022] The one or more first engagement features or the one or more second engagement features may be configured to flex to allow the first engagement feature to rotate past the second engagement feature in the loosening direction. The one or more first engagement features or the one or more second engagement features may be configured to flex radially. The threaded connection joint may be locked against axial movement relative to the housing. The movable section of the housing may be configured to move radially to transition between the engaged configuration and the disengaged configuration. The movable section of the housing may be biased toward the disengaged configuration. A stopper may limit the distance the movable section of the housing may be moved. At least one movable section may include two opposing sidewall sections configured to be brought together to transition to the engaged configuration.

[0023] The medical connector can include a valve member that can be configured to move between a closed position that closes the fluid pathway and an open position that opens the fluid pathway. The valve member can include a flow channel with an opening at an end of the valve member. The end of the valve member can be disposed inside the threaded connection fitting. The seal member can be configured to form a fluid seal between the exterior of the valve member and the interior of the threaded connection fitting. The medical connector can include a biasing member for biasing the valve member toward the closed position. The biasing member can include a first fixed portion coupled to the housing, a second fixed portion coupled to the valve member, and one or more resilient portions or straps coupling the first fixed portion to the second fixed portion. The second fixed portion can move away from the first fixed portion when the valve member moves from the closed position toward the open position, thereby stretching the one or more resilient straps.

[0024] According to some aspects of the present disclosure, a medical connector can include a first housing portion having a first opening, a second housing portion having a second opening, a fluid pathway extending between the first opening and the second opening, and a rotation mechanism that enables rotation of the second housing portion relative to the first housing portion. The medical connector can include any of the features disclosed herein.

[0025] According to some aspects of the present disclosure, a medical connector can include a first housing portion having a hollow protrusion. The first housing portion can be an internal volume. The medical connector can include a second housing portion that can be partially disposed within the internal volume of the first housing portion, the second housing portion being coupled to the first housing portion, thereby allowing the second housing portion to rotate relative to the first housing portion in at least a first direction. The connector can include a valve member having a flow channel with a first end disposed inwardly of the hollow protrusion and a second end disposed inwardly of the second housing portion. The valve member can be movable between a closed configuration and an open configuration. The connector can include a biasing member configured to bias the valve member toward the closed configuration.

[0026] The first housing portion may include a male luer. The second housing portion may include a female luer. The second housing portion may include a syringe body portion, a vial adapter body portion, or a bag spike body portion. The medical connector may include a seal member configured to form a fluid seal between an exterior of the valve member and an interior of the second housing portion. The connector may include a seal member configured to form a fluid seal between an exterior of the valve member and an interior of the first housing portion. The medical connector may be configured to allow the second housing portion to rotate relative to the first housing portion in a second direction opposite the first direction. The medical connector may be configured to prevent rotation of the second housing portion relative to the first housing portion in the second direction opposite the first direction. The connector can have a first configuration in which the second housing portion is permitted to rotate relative to the first housing portion in both a first direction and a second direction opposite the first direction, and the connector can have a second configuration in which the second housing portion is permitted to rotate relative to the first housing portion in the first direction and is prevented from rotating relative to the first housing portion in the second direction. The second housing portion can be configured to couple to the medical device upon rotation of the medical device in the second direction. The medical connector can include a biasing member configured to bias the valve member toward the closed position. The biasing member can include a first fixed portion coupled to the housing, a second fixed portion coupled to the valve member, and one or more elastic straps coupling the first fixed portion to the second fixed portion, wherein the second fixed portion moves away from the first fixed portion when the valve member moves from the closed position toward the open position, thereby stretching the one or more elastic straps. The second housing portion can, in some implementations, extend longitudinally outward from the first housing portion a distance between about 3 mm and about 9 mm. A first part of the second housing portion can be received within the first housing portion, and a second part of the second housing portion can extend outward from the first housing portion.The second part of the second housing portion can include a female luer lock having an external thread. In some cases, the second housing portion has no protrusions other than the external threads of the female luer lock. When the standard male luer lock connector is coupled to the second housing portion, the standard male luer lock connector can be separated from the first housing portion by a gap of less than 7 mm, such as a gap of between about 1 mm and about 3 mm. A structure (e.g., one or more pawls, protrusions, or teeth) for preventing rotation of the second housing portion relative to the first housing portion is disposed inwardly of the first housing portion.

[0027] According to some aspects of the present disclosure, a medical connector may include a first connector portion including a first opening and one or more first engagement features, a second connector portion including a second opening and one or more second engagement features, a fluid pathway configured to transport fluid through the medical connector between the first opening and the second opening, and an engagement member having one or more internal engagement features and one or more external engagement features. The one or more internal engagement features may be configured to mate with one or more first engagement features on the first connector portion. The one or more external engagement features may be configured to mate with one or more second engagement features on the second connector portion. The medical connector may allow rotation of the first connector portion relative to the second connector portion in a first direction while preventing rotation of the first connector portion relative to the second connector portion in a second direction opposite the first direction.

[0028] The engaging member may be keyed to a portion of the first connector part, such that, for example, the engaging member rotates with the first connector part in a first direction and / or a second direction. The engaging member may be configured to rotate relative to the first connector part until one or more first engaging features on the first connector part engage with one or more inner engaging features on the engaging member. The engaging member may be configured to rotate relative to the second connector part until one or more second engaging features on the second connector part engage with one or more outer engaging features on the engaging member.

[0029] Embodiments of the present disclosure are described below, by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0030] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a medical connector. [Figure 2] 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a medical connector. [Figure 3] 1A and 1B are partial views of an exemplary embodiment of a connector having a one-way rotation mechanism. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a partial exploded view of the connector of FIG. 3. [Figure 5] FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the connector of FIG. 3. [Figure 6] 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of an engagement member. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a partial exploded view of the exemplary connector of FIG. 7. [Figure 9] FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the connector of FIG. 7. [Figure 10] 8 is a cross-sectional view of a section of the rotation mechanism of the connector of FIG. 7 showing rotation in a first direction. [Figure 11] 8 is a cross-sectional view of a section of the rotation mechanism of the connector of FIG. 7 showing rotation in a second direction. [Figure 12]FIG. 12 is a detailed view of a portion of the cross-sectional view of FIG. [Figure 13] FIG. 10 is a partial exploded view of another exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 14] FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of the exemplary connector of FIG. 13. [Figure 15] 14 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a cutaway of a rotation mechanism of the exemplary connector of FIG. 13. [Figure 16] FIG. 1 is a partial exploded view of an exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the connector of FIG. 16. [Figure 18] FIG. 10 is a partial exploded view of another exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a partial cross-sectional view of the exemplary connector of FIG. 18. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a partial view showing components of the example connector of FIG. 18. [Figure 21] FIG. 20 is a partial view showing components of the example connector of FIG. 18. [Figure 22] FIG. 10 is a partially exploded view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 23] FIG. 23 is a partial perspective view showing the example connector of FIG. 22 in a free spinning configuration. [Figure 24] FIG. 23 is a partial perspective view showing the exemplary connector of FIG. 22 in an engaged configuration. [Figure 25] FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating the example connector of FIG. 22 in a free spin configuration. [Figure 26] FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the exemplary connector of FIG. 22 in an engaged configuration. [Figure 27] FIG. 10 is a partially exploded view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 28] FIG. 28 is a partial perspective view of the exemplary connector of FIG. 27. [Figure 29] FIG. 28 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating the exemplary connector of FIG. 27 in a free spinning or detached configuration. [Figure 30] FIG. 28 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the exemplary connector of FIG. 27 in an engaged configuration. [Figure 31] FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view showing a cutaway of the rotation mechanism of the exemplary connector of FIG. 27 in a free spinning configuration. [Figure 32] 28 is a cross-sectional view showing a cutaway of the rotation mechanism of the exemplary connector of FIG. 27 in an engaged configuration. [Figure 33] FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an exemplary connector. [Figure 34] FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view showing a cutaway of the rotation mechanism of the exemplary connector of FIG. 33 in a free-spinning or disengaged configuration. [Figure 35] FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view showing a cutaway of the rotation mechanism of the exemplary connector of FIG. 33 in an engaged configuration. [Figure 36] FIG. 10 is a partially exploded view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 37] FIG. 37 is a partial cross-sectional view of the exemplary connector of FIG. 36. [Figure 38] 37 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross section of the rotation mechanism of the exemplary connector of FIG. 36. [Figure 39] 37 is another cross-sectional view showing a cutaway of the rotation mechanism of the exemplary connector of FIG. 36. [Figure 40] FIG. 10 is a perspective view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 41] 41 shows a proximal housing portion of the exemplary connector of FIG. 40. [Figure 42] FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view of the exemplary connector of FIG. 40. [Figure 43] 41 is another cross-sectional view of the exemplary connector of FIG. 40. [Figure 44] 20 is a cross-sectional view of another exemplary embodiment of a connector 2002. FIG. [Figure 45] FIG. 45 is a partial perspective view of the exemplary connector 2002 of FIG. 44. [Figure 46] FIG. 45 is a partial perspective view of the exemplary connector 2002 of FIG. 44 with a portion of the housing cut away to provide a clear view of the inside of the connector. [Figure 47] 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a housing for a connector. [Figure 48]1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a housing for a connector. [Figure 49] 1 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a housing for a connector. [Figure 50] 10A-10C are cross-sectional views illustrating an exemplary connector in a detachable configuration. [Figure 51] FIG. 51 is a cross-sectional view showing the exemplary connector of FIG. 50 in an engaged configuration. [Figure 52] FIG. 51 is a cross-sectional view showing the exemplary connector of FIG. 50 in an engaged configuration. [Figure 53] 51 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the example connector of FIG. 50 in an additional configuration. [Figure 54] 51 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the example connector of FIG. 50 in an additional configuration. [Figure 55] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 56] FIG. 56 is another perspective view of the exemplary connector of FIG. 55. [Figure 57] FIG. 56 is an exploded view of the exemplary connector of FIG. 55. [Figure 58] FIG. 56 is another exploded view of the exemplary connector of FIG. 55. [Figure 59] 1 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary connector. [Figure 60] FIG. 2 is another cross-sectional view of an exemplary connector. [Figure 61] FIG. 2 is another cross-sectional view of an exemplary connector. [Figure 62] 1 is a perspective view illustrating components of an exemplary connector having an actuation arm. [Figure 63] 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 64] 10 is another cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 65] 10A-10C are cross-sectional views showing cutaways of a rotation mechanism of an exemplary embodiment of a connector in a detachable configuration. [Figure 66] 10A-10C are cross-sectional views showing cutaways of the rotation mechanism of the exemplary embodiment of the connector in an engaged configuration. [Figure 67]10 is a cross-sectional view showing a cutaway of a rotation mechanism of another exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 68] 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 69] 10 is another cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 70] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 71] 10 is another cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a connector. [Figure 72] 1A-1C illustrate an exemplary implementation of a connector coupled to a body of a syringe. [Figure 73] 10A-10C illustrate another exemplary connector coupled to the body of a syringe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0031] Various features and advantages of the systems, devices, and methods of the technology described herein will become more fully apparent from the following description of examples illustrated in the figures. These examples are intended to illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure should not be limited solely to the examples illustrated. Features of the illustrated examples may be modified, combined, deleted, and / or substituted as would be apparent to one skilled in the art upon consideration of the principles disclosed herein.

[0032] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary embodiment of a medical connector 2002. The medical connector 2002 can have a distal end 2004, a closure system 2006, a fluid pathway 2008, a housing 2010, a rotation mechanism 2012, and a proximal end 2014. FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of the medical connector 2002. For example, the medical connector 2002 has similar features to the connector embodiment disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2019 / 0078712, published March 14, 2019 (the "'712 Publication"), entitled "AXIALLY ENGAGING MEDICAL CONNECTOR SYSTEM WITH DIMINISHED FLUID REMNANTS," which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0033] The connector 2002 can have a distal end 2004 that can include a male luer (e.g., similar to the male luer tip 122 of the '712 publication). The male luer can be surrounded by a shroud, which can have female threads, such as for engaging with threads or a protrusion of a corresponding female luer. The shroud can be part of the housing 2010. In some embodiments, the distal end 2004 can be integral with the housing 2010 or functionally unitary (e.g., formed separately but coupled to move together). The distal end 2004 can have a distal opening, such as at the end of a male luer.

[0034] The connector 2002 can have a proximal end 2014, which can be a female luer. The proximal end 2014 can be similar to the second end 112 or first cap component 132 of the '712 publication. The proximal end 2014 can have external threads or protrusions, such as for engaging a locking male luer of another connector. The distal end 2014 can have a proximal opening, such as at the end of a female luer.

[0035] The fluid pathway 2008 can extend between the distal end 2004 and the proximal end 2014 of the connector 2002, allowing fluid to be transferred through the connector 2002, etc. In some embodiments, the fluid pathway within the connector 2002 can be continuous or uninterrupted between the distal end 2004 and the proximal end 2014. The connector 2002 can have a closure system 2006, which can include a valve or seal. The closure system 2006 can have an open configuration that can allow fluid to flow through the fluid pathway 2008, such as between the distal end 2004 and the proximal end 2014. The closure system 2006 can have a closed configuration that can prevent fluid from flowing through the fluid pathway 2008. For example, the closure system 2006 can close the distal end 2004 of the connector 2002 in some embodiments, although any suitable closure system can be used. In some embodiments, the closure system 2006 can automatically transition to the open configuration when a corresponding connector is attached to the connector 2002 (e.g., the distal end 2004). The closure system 2006 can automatically transition to the closed configuration when a corresponding connector is detached from the connector 2002 (e.g., the distal end 2004).

[0036] The closure system 2006 can include a valve member (e.g., similar to valve member 116 in the '712 publication). The valve member can move axially between a closed configuration or distal position, in which it can seal the inside of the male luer, and an open configuration or proximal position, in which it can open the male luer. FIG. 2 shows the valve member in the closed configuration or distal position. In some cases, when another connector (e.g., sometimes referred to as a mating connector) is coupled to the distal end 2004, the other (e.g., mating) connector can urge the valve member proximally by squeezing an arm of the valve member that extends into the space between the male luer and the shroud. A biasing member (e.g., similar to resilient member 118 in the '712 publication) can bias the closure system 2006 into the closed configuration, such as by biasing the valve member into the distal or closed position.

[0037] The connector 2002 can have a housing 2010 (which may, for example, be similar to the male housing 123 of the '712 publication). The housing 2010 can be generally cylindrical and define an interior space therein. The interior space can include the distal end 2004, the closure system 2006, the fluid pathway 2008, and / or at least a portion of the proximal end 2014. The housing 2010 can be configured to be grasped by a user, such as to rotate the connector 2002 relative to another medical instrument (e.g., a mating connector) connected to the connector 2002.

[0038] The connector 2002 can include a rotation mechanism 2012 that can be configured to allow the proximal end 2014 of the connector 2002 to rotate relative to the housing 2010 and / or relative to the distal end 2004. In some embodiments, the rotation mechanism 2012 can be configured to allow rotation of the proximal end 2014 in a first direction (e.g., counterclockwise) and prevent rotation of the proximal end 2014 in a second direction (e.g., clockwise). In some embodiments, the rotation mechanism 2012 can have a free-spin configuration that allows the proximal end 2014 to rotate in both directions relative to the housing 2010 and / or the distal end 2004.

[0039] In some embodiments, the housing 2010 can include a distal portion 2016 and a proximal portion 2018. In some embodiments, the distal portion 2016 is coupled to the proximal portion 2018 for movement therewith and can be considered a functional component. For example, the distal portion 2016 can be coupled to the proximal portion 2018 by ultrasonic welding, adhesive, threads, pins, snap-fit ​​features, friction-fit features, or the like. The proximal portion 2018 of the housing 2010 can engage with the proximal end member 2014. In some embodiments, the rotation mechanism 2012 can include an element that engages between the proximal portion 2018 of the housing 2010 and the proximal end member 2014.

[0040] Figure 3 is a partial view of an exemplary embodiment of a connector 2002 having a one-way rotation mechanism. Figure 4 is a partial exploded view of the connector 2002 of Figure 3. Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the connector 2002 of Figure 3. The proximal end portion 2014 may include a female luer 2020, which may include a tapered bore configured to engage and seal with an outer tapered portion of a male luer. The external threads 2022 of the female luer 2020 may be configured to engage with a luer locking feature (e.g., a shroud) associated with a male luer of another connector.

[0041] The proximal end portion 2014 can include a flange 2024. The female luer 2020 can extend proximally from the flange 2024. The lumen 2026 can extend distally from the flange 2024. A portion of the fluid pathway 2008 can extend from the female luer 2020 and through the lumen 2026. In some embodiments, a seal 2028 (e.g., an O-ring) can form a seal between an exterior of the lumen 2026 and an inner surface of the valve member of the closure system 2006, which can be configured to be axially slidable relative to the lumen 2026.

[0042] The proximal portion 2018 of the housing 2010 can have a sidewall 2030 that is generally cylindrical and a flange 2032 that can extend inward from the distal end of the sidewall 2030. An opening 2034 can extend through the flange 2032, such as at the center of the flange 2032. The lumen 2026 can extend through the opening 2034. In some embodiments, a notch or groove 2031 on the lumen 2026 can engage with the flange 2032, thereby coupling the proximal end portion 2014 to the housing 2010. In some embodiments, the engagement between the groove on the lumen 2026 and the flange 2032 on the housing 2010 can allow the proximal end portion 2014 to rotate relative to the housing 2010, but not move axially relative to the housing 2010. The interior of the sidewall 2030 can include one or more teeth 2036. In the illustrated embodiment, three teeth 2036 are distributed (e.g., evenly spaced) around the inside of the proximal portion 2018 of the housing 2010, although any suitable number of teeth 2036 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, or more) may be used.

[0043] The connector 2002 can include an engagement member 2040 (which can be, for example, an engagement disk or cylinder). The engagement member 2040 can be configured to fit within a space formed between the sidewall 2030 of the housing 2010 and the lumen 2026 of the proximal end portion 2014. The engagement member 2040 can include one or more teeth 2042 that can be configured to engage with the teeth 2036. In the illustrated embodiment, three teeth 2040 are distributed (e.g., evenly spaced) around the engagement member 2040, although any suitable number of teeth 2042 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, or more) can be used. The engagement member 2040 can have an inner ring 2044 and an outer ring 2046. The teeth 2042 can be formed on an outer surface of the outer ring 2046. A gap 2048 may be disposed between the outer ring 2046 and the inner ring 2044, which may displace the teeth 2042 inward. The gap 2048 may be disposed inward of each of the teeth 2042. A support 2050 may couple the inner ring 2044 to the outer ring 2046, and the support 2050 may separate the gap 2048.

[0044] Each of the one or more teeth 2042 can have an engagement surface (e.g., which can extend generally radially outward). A normal to the engagement surface can extend substantially tangentially from the engagement member 2040. Each of the one or more teeth 2040 can include a sliding surface (e.g., on a rear surface of the engagement surface). The normal to the sliding surface extends in a direction offset from the radial outward direction at an angle of about 5 degrees to about 45 degrees. Each of the one or more teeth 2036 on the housing 2010 can have an engagement surface (e.g., which can extend generally radially outward). A normal to the engagement surface can extend substantially tangentially from the curvature of the housing 2010. Each of the one or more teeth 2036 can include a sliding surface (e.g., on a rear surface of the engagement surface). The normal to the sliding surface extends in a direction offset from the radial outward direction at an angle of about 5 degrees to about 45 degrees. The engagement surface of tooth 2036 can face in an opposite direction from the engagement surface of tooth 2042, such that the engagement surfaces abut one another when engagement member 2040 rotates in a second direction (e.g., clockwise) relative to housing 2010. The sliding surfaces of teeth 2036 and 2042 can slide over one another when engagement member 2040 rotates in a first direction (e.g., counterclockwise) relative to housing 2010. When the sliding surfaces press against one another, gap 2048 can at least partially collapse and tooth 2042 can be moved radially inward, allowing the sliding surface of tooth 2042 to slide past the sliding surface of tooth 2036. When the sliding surfaces pass each other, tooth 2042 can snap into place radially outward when gap 2048 returns to a predetermined size. Tooth 2042 can be biased in an engagement direction with tooth 2036 (e.g., radially outward).

[0045] The engaging member 2040 can have a keyed opening 2052, such as in the center of the engaging member 2040. A corresponding keyed portion 2054 on the bore 2026 can be configured to engage with the keyed opening 2052 of the engaging member 2040, causing the engaging member 2040 and the proximal end portion 2014 to rotate together. In FIG. 4, a portion of the flange 2024 has been cut away to show the keyed portion 2054 of the bore 2026. The keyed opening 2052 and the keyed portion 2054 can have six sides, although any suitable number of sides (e.g., 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, or more) can be used, or the keyed hole 2052 and the keyed portion 2054 can have splines or any other engaging feature so that they rotate together. In some embodiments, the keyed opening 2052 may be rigidly connected to the keyed portion 2054 through adhesive, friction fit features, snap fit features, or the like. The engaging member 2040 and the proximal end portion 2014 may be joined in other suitable manners, such as adhesive, friction fit features, snap fit features, or the like. The engaging member 2040, in some embodiments, can operate as if it were a functional part of the proximal end portion 2014. In some cases, the engaging member 2040 may be integrally formed with the proximal end portion 2014.

[0046] Connector 2002 is configured to allow another connector (e.g., a mating connector) to couple to proximal end portion 2014, and connector 2002 may be configured to prevent the other connector from being disconnected from proximal end portion 2014. When another (e.g., mating) connector is attached to proximal end portion 2014, the other (e.g., mating) connector may be rotated in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise) relative to connector 2002 while a user is gripping housing 2010. Friction between the other connector and threads 2022 or female luer 2020 may cause proximal end portion 2014 to rotate in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise) relative to housing 2010. When the engaging surfaces of teeth 2036 and 2042 engage with each other, proximal end portion 2014 may be prevented from rotating in the tightening direction (e.g., clockwise) relative to housing 2010. Stated another way, teeth 2036 and 2042 can cause housing 2010 and proximal end portion 2014 to rotate together in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise). A user can twist the other connector and / or housing 2010 of connector 2002 so that the other connector engages proximal end portion 2014, such as by a male luer tip that engages (e.g., sealably engages) with female luer 2020 (e.g., to form a fluid pathway).

[0047] When a rotation in a loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise) is applied between connector 2002 and another connector, the sliding surfaces of teeth 2036 and 2042 slide over each other, teeth 2042 are displaced inward, and proximal end portion 2014 (e.g., another connector attached thereto) may be allowed to rotate relative to housing 2010. Thus, application of a rotation in the loosening direction merely causes the connectors to spin relative to each other, but does not loosen and / or disengage.

[0048] In some embodiments, the flange 2024 is exposed and can be used to disengage another connector from the connector 2002. For example, the housing 2010 can end without covering the flange 2024. The flange 2024 can be disposed proximal to the housing 2010. In some embodiments, a user can grip or otherwise engage the flange 2024 to hold the proximal end portion 2014 while the other connector is rotated in a loosening direction relative to the proximal end portion 2014. Thus, the connector 2002 can be disengaged from another connector by a positive disengagement action by the user. The connector 2002 can prevent unintentional disengagement due to connector collision, wire twisting, or the like.

[0049] FIG. 6 shows an alternative exemplary embodiment of the engagement member 2040. The engagement portion 2040 can include a body portion 2045. A keyed opening 2052 extends through the body portion 2045 and can engage with a corresponding keyed portion 2054 on the proximal end portion 2014. The engagement member 2040 can include one or more pawls 2047 that can be configured to engage with teeth 2036 on the housing 2010. Each of the pawls 2047 can extend from a connection point 2049 on the body portion 2045. The pawls 2047 can be cantilevered to form a gap 2048 between the pawl 2047 and the body portion 2045. The pawls 2047 can be curved such that an end portion of the pawl follows approximately the same curvature of the body portion 2045. The thickness of the pawls can be reduced at or near the connection point 2049 to the engagement cylinder 2040 to form a flexible attachment or pivot, such as a living hinge. Each of the pawls 2047 can have an engagement surface and a sliding surface, similar to the teeth 2042. The normal to the engagement surface can extend approximately tangential to the curved portion of the engagement member 2040. The sliding surface can be angled such that the normal to the sliding surface can extend in a direction offset from the radially outward direction at an angle of about 5 degrees to about 45 degrees.

[0050] When the engaging member 2040 is rotated in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise) relative to the housing 2010, such as when connecting another connector to the proximal end portion 2014, the engaging surfaces of the pawls 2047 can engage with the engaging surfaces of the teeth 2036 to prevent the engaging member 2040 from rotating relative to the housing 2010 (e.g., to allow the other connector to be attached to the proximal end portion 2014). When the engaging member 2040 is rotated in a loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise) relative to the housing, such as when the other connector is turned in a loosening direction, the sliding surfaces of the pawls 2047 can slide against the sliding surfaces of the teeth 2036, and the pawls 2047 can flex inward to allow the engaging member 2040 to rotate relative to the housing 2010.

[0051] Figure 7 is a partial perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of connector 2002. Figure 8 is a partial exploded view of exemplary connector 2002 of Figure 7. Figure 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of connector 2002 of Figure 7. Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a cutaway of the rotation mechanism of connector 2002 of Figure 7, illustrating rotation in a first direction. Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a cutaway of the rotation mechanism of connector 2002 of Figure 7, illustrating rotation in a second direction. Figure 12 is a detailed view of a portion of the cross-sectional view of Figure 11. In some aspects, connector 2002 of Figures 7-12 can be similar to the connector of Figures 3-6, except as noted.

[0052] The housing 2010 can have a generally cylindrical sidewall 2030 with a flange 2032 (e.g., an internal flange) extending inwardly from the sidewall 2030 and with an opening 2034 in the flange 2032. The lumen 2026 of the proximal end portion 2014 can pass through the opening 2034 in the internal flange 2032. One or more tabs 2033 can extend inwardly from the sidewall 2030, such as at or near the proximal end of the housing 2010. The flange 2024 of the proximal end portion 2014 can be recessed into the housing 2010. The flange 2024 is positioned distal to the one or more tabs 2033 such that the tabs 2033 can retain the flange 2024 inwardly of the housing 2010 (e.g., without interfering with rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 relative to the housing 2010). The tabs 2033 and / or flanges 2024 may be configured to provide sufficient flexion to allow the flanges 2024 to be inserted distally over one or more tabs 2033, such as for a snap-fit ​​engagement. The housing may include openings 2035 formed in the sidewalls 2030, which may be at least partially aligned with the tabs 2033. The openings 2035 facilitate flexing of the housing 2010 (e.g., sidewalls 2030) so that the tabs 2033 may be sufficiently displaced to allow the flanges 2024 of the proximal end portion 2014 to be inserted into the housing 2010. The proximal-facing side of the tabs 2033 may be angled and / or the distal-facing side of the flanges 2024 may be angled so that when the flanges 2024 are compressed distally against the tabs 2033, the tabs may be displaced outward.

[0053] The inner surface of the sidewall 2030 may include one or more protrusions or teeth 2036. The outer surface of the lumen 2026 of the proximal end portion 2014 may include one or more protrusions or teeth 2027. In the illustrated embodiment, four protrusions or teeth are shown, but any suitable number (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, or more) may be used. The protrusions 2036 on the housing 2010 are not configured to directly engage the protrusions 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014. Rather, an engagement member 2040 may be positioned between the protrusions 2036 on the housing 2010 and the protrusions 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014.

[0054] The engagement member 2040 can have a plurality of body portions 2056, each of which can be an arcuate segment, and can be positioned along an arcuate path. A plurality of arms 2058 can be disposed between the body portions 2056. The arms 2058 can be rotatably coupled to the body portions 2056 at joints 2060 (which can be, for example, living hinges). For example, the joints 2060 can have a thickness that is less than the thickness of the body portions 2056 and / or less than the thickness of the arms 2058. The joints 2060 can be configured to allow the arms 2058 to pivot or rotate between positions. The arms 2058 can have outer portions disposed outward from the joints 2060 and that can be configured to selectively engage with the protrusions 2036 on the housing 2010. The arm 2058 can have an inner portion disposed inwardly from the joint 2060 and configured to selectively engage the protrusion 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014 .

[0055] The arms 2058 can have a rotating configuration (e.g., shown in FIG. 10 ) that can allow the proximal end portion 2014 to rotate in a first direction relative to the housing 2010, and a locking configuration (e.g., shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 ) that can prevent the proximal end portion 2014 from rotating in a second direction relative to the housing 2010. The arms 2058 can extend in a generally radial direction in the locking configuration. The arms 2058 in the locking configuration can extend along a direction offset from the radial direction by an angle of about 30 degrees, about 20 degrees, about 15 degrees, about 10 degrees, about 5 degrees, about 3 degrees, about 1 degree, or about 0 degrees, or any range or value therebetween, although other configurations can be used. The arms 2058 in the rotated configuration can extend along a direction offset from the radial direction by about 15 degrees, about 20 degrees, about 25 degrees, about 30 degrees, about 35 degrees, about 45 degrees, about 50 degrees, about 55 degrees, about 60 degrees, about 65 degrees, about 70 degrees, about 75 degrees, or any value or range of angles therebetween, although other angles can be used in some cases. The arms 2058 can rotate between the rotated configuration and the locked configuration by at least about 15 degrees, about 20 degrees, about 25 degrees, about 30 degrees, about 35 degrees, about 40 degrees, about 45 degrees, about 50 degrees, about 55 degrees, or about 60 degrees, or any value or range of angles therebetween.

[0056] A first joint 2060 (e.g., a first living hinge) can be on a first side of the arm 2058 and can couple the arm 2058 to the first body portion 2056. A second joint 2060 (e.g., a second living hinge) can be on a second side of the arm 2058 and can couple the arm 2058 to the second body portion 2056. The first body portion 2056 on the first side of the arm 2058 can have a stop surface 2062 on the first (e.g., radially inward) side of the joint 2060. The second body portion 2056 on the second side of the arm 2058 can have a stop surface 2062 on the second (e.g., radially outward) side of the joint 2060. The first body portion 2056 on the first side of the arm 2058 can have a recess 2064 on a second (e.g., radially outward) side of the junction 2060. The second body portion 2056 on the second side of the arm 2058 can have a recess 2064 on the first (e.g., radially inward) side of the junction 2060.

[0057] 11 and 12 , when the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise) relative to the housing 2010, the protrusions 2027 can compress the second sides of the arms 2058, which can cause the arms 2058 to rotate in a first direction (e.g., counterclockwise) toward the locked configuration. The first sides of the arms 2058 can abut stop surfaces 2062 on the first body portion 2056 and / or the second sides of the arms 2058 can abut stop surfaces 2062 on the second body portion 2056, preventing the arms 2058 from rotating beyond the locked position shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 . The arms 2058 can extend approximately radially in the locked configuration. The radially inward ends of the arms 2058 can abut against protrusions 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014, and the radially outward ends of the arms 2058 can abut against protrusions 2036 on the housing 2010. The arms 2058 can engage with the protrusions 2027 and 2036 to prevent the proximal end portion 2014 from rotating in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise) relative to the housing 2010. The protrusions 2027 and / or 2036 can be teeth with engagement and sliding surfaces similar to those described in connection with FIG. 4, and in some embodiments, the protrusions 2027 and / or 2036 can omit the angled sliding surfaces. For example, the arms 2058 of the engagement member 2040 can be folded or pivoted to form the sliding surfaces.

[0058] 10 , when proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in a loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise), protrusion 2027 presses against a first side of arm 2058, which can cause arm 2058 to pivot toward the rotated configuration. Arm 2058 folds or pivots into recess 2064 formed in body portion 2056, thereby disengaging arm 2058 from protrusion 2027 and / or 2036 and allowing proximal end portion 2014 to rotate in the loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise) relative to housing 2010.

[0059] 11 and 12 , if a user attempts to rotate proximal end portion 2014 in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise), arms 2058 will abut and compress stop surface 2062, and protrusions 2027 and 2036 will abut and compress arms 2058, preventing rotation of proximal end portion 2014. If a user rotates proximal end portion 2014 in a loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise), protrusions 2027 and / or 2036 may collapse arms 2058 (e.g., into recesses 2064), thereby allowing protrusions 2027 and / or 2036 to move past arms 2058 and permit rotation of proximal end portion 2014 relative to housing 2010. As with other embodiments disclosed herein, the proximal end portion 2014 is locked against rotation relative to the housing 2010 while other connectors are coupled to the proximal end portion 2014, and the proximal end portion 2014 can spin relative to the housing 2010 to prevent the other connectors from being disconnected from the proximal end portion 2014.

[0060] In some embodiments, the ridge 2066 can be disposed distally of the flange 2024, such as along an arcuate path. The body portion 2056 of the engaging member 2040 can fit inwardly of the ridge 2066. The ridge 2066 can be configured to hold the engaging member 2040 in a substantially concentric position relative to the housing 2010, the proximal end portion 2014, and / or other components of the connector 2002. The body portion 2056 can extend further proximally than the arms 2058, allowing the arms 2058 to pass over the ridge 2066.

[0061] FIG. 13 is a partially exploded view of another exemplary embodiment of a connector 2002. FIG. 14 is a partial cross-sectional view of the exemplary connector 2002 of FIG. 13. FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a cutaway of a rotation mechanism of the exemplary connector 2002 of FIG. 13. The connector 2002 can have a proximal end portion 2014 including a female luer 2020, a flange 2024, and a lumen 2026. The proximal end portion 2014 can include a protrusion 2027, such as extending outward from the lumen 2026 adjacent the flange 2024. The protrusion 2027 can be a tooth having an engaging surface on one side and a sliding surface on the other side. While two protrusions 2027 are shown, any suitable number (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, or more) can be used.

[0062] The housing 2010 may include a sidewall 2030, a flange 2032 extending inwardly from the sidewall 2030, and an opening 2034 through the flange 2032. A distal portion of the lumen 2026 may pass through the opening 2034 in the flange 2032. A ridge 2029 or one or more protrusions may extend outwardly from the lumen 2026 and be configured to fit through the opening 2034 (e.g., as a snap-fit ​​engagement) and engage the flange 2032 to couple the proximal end portion 2014 to the housing 2010. The flange 2032 may fit within a groove 2031 or recess that may be formed between the ridge 2029 and the protrusion 2027. The distal side of the ridge 2029 or protrusion may be angled to facilitate passage of the ridge 2029 or protrusion through the opening 2034. The proximal side of the ridge 2029 or protrusion may extend laterally to form an engagement surface that engages the distal side of the flange 2032. The housing 2010 may include a protrusion 2036, such as extending inwardly from the sidewall 2030. The protrusion 2036 may be a tooth having an engagement surface on one side and a sliding surface on the other side. Although two protrusions 2036 are shown, any suitable number (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, or more) may be used.

[0063] The connector 2002 can include an engaging member 2040, which can have a body portion 2045 having a generally circular shape. The engaging member 2040 can have an outwardly facing detent 2068, which can be configured to engage with a protrusion 2036 on the housing 2010, and an inwardly facing detent 2070, which can be configured to engage with a protrusion 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014. When the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise in FIG. 15 ), the protrusion 2027 can abut an end of the inner detent 2070, causing the engaging member 2040 to rotate with the proximal end portion 2014 until the outer detent 2068 abuts the protrusion 2036 on the housing 2010. If the user attempts to further rotate the proximal end portion 2014 in the tightening direction, the protrusions 2027 will contact and compress the inner detents 2070, and the outer detents 2068 will contact and compress the protrusions 2036 on the housing 2010, preventing the proximal end portion 2014 from rotating relative to the housing 2010. When another connector is coupled to the proximal end portion 2014, the engagement member 2040 can engage the protrusions 2027 and 2036, thereby preventing the proximal end portion 2014 from rotating relative to the housing 2010.

[0064] The engaging member 2040 has a gap 2069 between the outer claws 2068 and the body portion 2045, which may allow the outer claws 2068 to flex inwardly toward the body portion 2045. The engaging member 2040 has a gap 2071 between the inner claws 2070 and the body portion 2045, which may allow the inner claws 2070 to flex outwardly toward the body portion 2045. When the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in a loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise in FIG. 15 ), the protrusions 2027 may press against the inward-facing sides of the inner claws 2070 and flex the inner claws 2070 outwardly (e.g., by at least partially collapsing the gaps 2071), which may allow the protrusions 2027 to rotate past the inner claws 2070 and the proximal end portion 2014 to spin freely relative to the housing 2010. In some cases, the proximal end portion 2014 urges the engaging member 2040 in a loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise in FIG. 15 ), which can cause the outer surface of the outer claw 2068 to slide along the protrusion 2036 on the housing 2010, which can flex the outer claw 2068 inward (e.g., by at least partially collapsing the gap 2069), allowing the protrusion 2036 to rotate over the outer claw 2068, etc. The connector 2002 can be configured such that the proximal end portion 2014 is free to spin relative to the housing 2010 and the engaging member 2040, or the connector 2002 is configured such that the proximal end portion 2014 and the engaging member 2040 are free to spin relative to the housing 2010. In some embodiments, the outer claw 2068 can be configured to flex more easily than the inner claw 2070, allowing the protrusion 2036 on the housing to rotate over the outer claw 2068, etc. In some embodiments, the inner pawl 2070 can be configured to flex more easily than the outer pawl 2068, allowing the protrusion 2027 to rotate past the inner pawl 2070, etc.

[0065] In some embodiments, the proximal end portion 2014 can be configured to freely spin relative to the housing 2010 in the clamping direction (e.g., clockwise in FIG. 15 ) for a range of motion before a rotation mechanism engages and prevents the proximal end portion 2014 from further spinning relative to the housing 2010. The connector 2002 can be configured to have a maximum free spin range in the clamping direction of about 30 degrees, about 45 degrees, about 60 degrees, about 75 degrees, about 90 degrees, about 105 degrees, about 120 degrees, about 135 degrees, about 150 degrees, about 165 degrees, about 180 degrees, about 195 degrees, about 210 degrees, about 225 degrees, about 240 degrees, about 255 degrees, about 270 degrees, about 285 degrees, about 300 degrees, about 315 degrees, about 330 degrees, about 345 degrees, or about 360 degrees, or any value or range therebetween. 15 , proximal end portion 2014 can rotate up to approximately 180 degrees before protrusions 2027 engage inner pawls 2070 on engagement member 2040, and proximal end portion 2014 and engagement member 2040 can rotate together up to approximately 180 degrees before outer pawls 2068 of engagement member 2040 engage protrusions 2036 on housing 2010. Any suitable number of teeth, protrusions, or pawls may be used to provide the free spin ranges disclosed herein.

[0066] 3-15, the engagement features (e.g., teeth or pawls) on the housing 2010 may be positioned radially outward of the engagement features (e.g., teeth or pawls) on the proximal end portion 2014. In some embodiments, the engagement features (e.g., teeth or pawls) on the housing 2010 may be positioned radially inward of the engagement features (e.g., teeth or pawls) on the proximal end portion 2014, as shown, for example, in FIGS. 16 and 17. FIG. 16 shows a partial exploded view of an exemplary embodiment of the connector 2002. FIG. 17 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the connector 2002 of FIG. 16.

[0067] The connector 2002 can have a proximal end portion 2014 including a female luer 2020, external threads 2022, a flange 2024, and a lumen 2026. A distal side of the flange 2024 can have a keyed portion 2072. The engaging member 2040 can have a body portion 2045, which can have a generally circular shape. The engaging member 2040 can have a keyed portion 2074 on its proximal end, which can be configured to engage with the keyed portion 2072 on the proximal end portion 2014. For example, the keyed portion 2072 can be a raised portion (e.g., hexagonal shape), and the keyed portion 2074 can be a recessed portion (e.g., hexagonal shape) that can be configured to receive the raised structure of the keyed portion 2072 therein, such that the engaging member 2040 rotates with the proximal end portion 2014. Many other configurations can also be used. Although a hexagonal keyed shape is used, various other polygonal shapes, splines, or any other keyed structure may also be used. In some cases, flange 2024 may include a keyed recess configured to receive a keyed protrusion on engagement member 2040.

[0068] The body portion 2045 can form an exterior sidewall of the connector 2002. The body portion 2045 can have a generally cylindrical shape with an open center. The engaging member 2040 can have internal teeth 2076 or protrusions that can extend inward from the body portion 2045. The teeth 2076 can be disposed distal to the keyed portion 2074. The housing 2010 can include a proximal housing portion 2018 having a flange 2032 and an opening 2034 therethrough. The flange 2032 can be configured to engage a groove 2031 on the lumen 2026, coupling the proximal end portion 2014 to the housing 2010, etc. The lumen 2026 can pass through the open center of the engaging member 2040 and the opening 2034 in the flange 2032 of the housing 2010.

[0069] The housing 2010 can have one or more pawls 2080 that can be configured to engage with the teeth 2076 on the engagement member 2040. The proximal body portion 2078 can extend proximally from the flange 2032. The proximal body portion 2078 can be generally cylindrical in shape. The opening 2034 can extend through the proximal body portion 2078. The pawls 2080 can extend outward from the proximal body portion 2078. The pawls 2080 can be curved such that the ends of the pawls 2080 generally follow the curvature of the proximal body portion 2078. A normal to the surface at the end of the pawls 2080 can extend generally tangentially. The pawls 2080 can have engagement surfaces that extend generally radially, such as to engage engagement surfaces on the teeth 2076. Although FIG. 16 shows three pawls 2080 and three teeth 2076, any suitable number (eg, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, or more) may be used.

[0070] When the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise in FIG. 16 ), such as when attaching another connector to the proximal end portion 2014, the engagement member 2040 can rotate with the proximal end portion 2014 due to the engagement between the keyed portions 2072 and 2074. The proximal end portion 2014 and the engagement member 2040 can rotate until the tooth 2076 engages with the pawl 2080 on the housing 2010 to prevent further rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 and the engagement member 2040 relative to the housing 2010. The tooth 2076 can have an engagement surface and a sliding surface, similar to other embodiments disclosed herein. The pawl 2080 can have an engagement end configured to abut the engagement surface of the tooth 2076 to prevent relative rotation. When engaged, the housing 2010 can rotate with the proximal end portion 2014. Thus, a user can hold the housing 2010, which can prevent the proximal end portion 2014 from rotating while another connector is being rotated onto the proximal end portion 2014 (e.g., in a tightening direction).

[0071] When the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in the loosening direction (e.g., clockwise in FIG. 16 ), the engaging member 2040 can rotate with the proximal end portion 2014 due to the engagement between the keyed portions 2072 and 2074. The sliding surfaces on the teeth 2076 of the engaging member 2040 can slide against the outside or backside of the pawls 2080 of the housing 2010, which can deflect the pawls 2080 inward to allow the teeth 2076 to rotate past the pawls 2080. Thus, the proximal end portion 2014 can be configured to spin freely relative to the housing 2010 in the loosening direction. Thus, if a user rotates another connector attached to the proximal end portion 2014 in the loosening direction, the proximal end portion 2014 will rotate with the other connector, which can prevent the other connector from being detached from the proximal end portion 2014. In some embodiments, a user can grasp or otherwise manipulate flange 2024 to hold proximal end portion 2014 against rotation so that other connectors can be attached and detached.

[0072] Figure 18 is a partially exploded view of another exemplary embodiment of a connector 2002. Figure 19 is a partial cross-sectional view of the exemplary connector 2002 of Figure 18. The connector 2002 can have a proximal end portion 2014 that includes a female luer 2020, external threads 2022, a flange 2024, and a lumen 2026. The proximal end portion 2014 can have a prong 2082 extending distally from the flange 2024.

[0073] The connector 2002 can have a housing 2010 including a sidewall 2030, which can be generally cylindrical in shape. A flange 2032 can extend inwardly from the sidewall 2030 of the housing 2010. An opening 2034 can extend through the flange 2032. The lumen 2008 can extend through the opening 2034. The housing can have one or more tabs 2033 for securing the proximal end portion 2014 to the housing 2010. The one or more tabs 2033 can extend inwardly from the sidewall 2030, such as at or near the proximal end of the housing 2010. A flange 2024 of the proximal end portion 2014 can be recessed into the housing 2010. The flange 2024 can be positioned distal to the one or more tabs 2033, such that the tabs 2033 can hold the flange 2024 inwardly of the housing 2010. Tabs 2033 and / or flanges 2024 may be configured to provide sufficient flexion to allow flanges 2024 to be inserted distally over one or more tabs 2033, such as for a snap-fit ​​engagement.

[0074] The proximal side of the flange 2032 on the housing can have an engagement feature 2084 configured to engage with the pawl 2082. The engagement feature 2084 can include teeth, protrusions, or recesses. The engagement feature 2084 can have an engagement surface 2086 and a sliding surface 2088. A normal to the engagement surface 2086 can extend transversely or perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the connector 2002. The engagement surface 2086 can be configured to abut the engagement side of the pawl 2082 to prevent rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 relative to the housing 2010, etc. The engagement side of the pawl 2082 can have a surface that is substantially parallel to the engagement surface 2086. Referring to FIG. 20 , the pawl 2082 can have an unbent or undeformed position when disposed between the engagement features 2084. When the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise in FIG. 18 or to the right in FIG. 20), the engagement side of the pawl 2082 can abut against the engagement surface 2086 and prevent the proximal end portion 2014 from further rotating in the tightening direction.

[0075] The engagement feature 2084 can have a sliding surface 2088, such as opposite the engagement surface 2086. The sliding surface 2088 can be angled from about 15 degrees to about 75 degrees, or from about 30 degrees to about 60 degrees, relative to the engagement surface 2086. The pawl 2082 can have a sliding surface on a side of the pawl 2082 that faces the sliding surface 2088 of the engagement feature 2084 on the housing 2010. The pawl 2082 can have a tapered thickness at the proximal end. The sliding surface on the pawl 2082 can be angled from about 15 degrees to about 75 degrees, or from about 30 degrees to about 60 degrees, relative to the engagement surface 2086. The sliding surfaces of the pawl 2082 and the engagement feature 2084 can facilitate or allow rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 relative to the housing 2010 in the loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise in FIG. 18 or leftward in FIG. 21 ). As the proximal end portion 2014 moves in the loosening direction relative to the housing 2010, the sliding surface of the pawl 2082 slides against the sliding surface 2088 of the engagement feature 2084, which causes the pawl 2082 to flex, thereby allowing the pawl 2082 to clear the engagement feature 2084. Thus, the connector 2002 can be configured to allow the proximal end portion 2014 to rotate in the loosening direction.

[0076] In some cases, when a torque amount greater than a threshold is applied to the proximal end portion 2014 in a tightening direction, the pawl 2082 can flex sufficiently to slide the pawl 2082 past the engagement surface 2086. Thus, by applying a torque greater than a threshold, the proximal end portion 2014 can be rotated in a tightening direction. The threshold amount of torque or force to rotate the proximal end portion 2014 in a tightening direction may be higher than the threshold amount of torque or force to rotate the proximal end portion 2014 in a loosening direction relative to the housing 2010. The threshold amount of torque or force to rotate the proximal end portion 2014 in a tightening direction may be higher than the amount of torque or force applied to fully couple another connector to the proximal end portion. The threshold amount of torque or force to rotate the proximal end portion 2014 in a loosening direction may be lower than the amount of torque or force applied to decouple the other connector from the proximal end portion 2014.

[0077] In some embodiments, the connector 2002 can have a free spinning configuration that allows the proximal end portion 2014 to spin freely in both directions relative to the housing 2010. The connector 2002 can have an engagement configuration that prevents rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 relative to the housing 2010 in at least one direction, or both directions. FIG. 22 shows a partial exploded view of another exemplary embodiment of the connector 2002. FIG. 23 shows a partial perspective view of the exemplary connector 2002 of FIG. 22 in the free spinning configuration. FIG. 24 shows a partial perspective view of the exemplary connector 2002 of FIG. 22 in the engaged configuration. FIG. 25 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the exemplary connector 2002 of FIG. 22 in the free spinning configuration. FIG. 26 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the exemplary connector 2002 of FIG. 22 in the engaged configuration.

[0078] The connector 2002 can have a proximal end portion 2014 with a female luer 2020, external threads 2022, a flange 2024, and a lumen 2026. The housing 2010 can have a sidewall 2030, a flange 2032 extending inwardly from the sidewall 2030, and an opening 2034 through the flange 2032. The lumen 2026 may pass through the opening 2034 in the housing 2010. A ridge 2029 or one or more protrusions may extend outwardly from the lumen 2026 and be configured to fit through the opening 2034 (e.g., as a snap-fit ​​engagement) and engage the flange 2032 to couple the proximal end portion 2014 to the housing 2010. The distal side of the ridge 2029 or protrusion may be angled to facilitate passage of the ridge 2029 or protrusion through the opening 2034. The proximal side of the ridge 2029 or projection may extend laterally to form an engagement surface that engages the distal side of the flange 2032 .

[0079] The proximal end portion 2014 can have one or more protrusions 2090 that can extend radially outward, such as from the flange 2024. The housing 2010 can have one or more corresponding recesses 2092 that can be shaped to receive the one or more protrusions 2090 therein. The housing 2010 can have protrusions with recesses 2092 formed therebetween. The distal ends of the protrusions 2090 can be tapered, and / or the proximal ends of the recesses 2092 can be flared, such as to facilitate sliding of the protrusions 2090 into the recesses 2092. A biasing member 2094, such as a coil spring, can be disposed between the flange 2032 on the housing 2010 and the flange 2024 on the proximal end portion 2014. The biasing member 2094 can bias the proximal end portion 2014 proximally relative to the housing 2010. The ridge 2029 can limit the range of movement of the proximal end portion 2014 in the proximal direction, such as by the ridge 2029 abutting a flange 2032 on the housing 2010. The protrusion 2090 can be disposed outside of the recess 2092 when the proximal end portion 2014 is in the proximal position (e.g., as shown in FIGS. 23 and 25). When the protrusion 2090 disengages from the recess 2092, the connector 2002 assumes a free-spin configuration and the proximal end portion 2014 can be allowed to rotate freely in both directions.

[0080] The proximal end portion 2014 may be axially movable relative to the housing 2010. Squeezing the proximal end portion 2014 axially in a distal direction can compress the biasing member 2094 and cause the flange 2024 to move distally toward the flange 2032. As the proximal end portion 2014 moves distally, the protrusions 2090 can be inserted into corresponding recesses 2092. With the protrusions 2090 engaged with the recesses 2092, rotation between the proximal end portion 2014 and the housing 2010 can be prevented. Rotating the proximal end portion 2014 in either direction causes the protrusions 2090 to press against the recesses 2092 and thus against corresponding sides of the housing 210. A user can move the proximal end portion 2014 into an engaged configuration (e.g., of FIGS. 24 and 26 ) when coupling another connector to the proximal end portion 2014. In the engaged configuration, a user can hold the housing and rotate the other connector relative to the housing 2010 and proximal end portion 2014, thereby threading the other connector onto the proximal end portion 2014. After the other connector is coupled to the proximal end portion 2014, the user can release the axial force on the proximal end portion 2014, causing the proximal end portion to move proximally to the free-spin configuration (e.g., of FIGS. 23 and 25 ). If the user then rotates the other connector in either direction, the proximal end portion 2014 rotates with the other connector relative to the housing 2010. Thus, the connector 2002 can be configured to prevent unintentional disengagement of the other connector from the proximal end portion 2014. In some embodiments, a user can squeeze the proximal end portion 2014 distally to engage the protrusions 2090 with the corresponding recesses 2092, allowing the user to then rotate the other connector in a loosening direction to remove the other connector from the proximal end portion 2014.

[0081] In some embodiments, the proximal end portion 2014 can move axially relative to the housing 2010, such as to transition between an engaged configuration and a disengaged configuration (e.g., as shown in FIGS. 22-26). In some embodiments, the connector 2002 can be configured to transition between an engaged configuration and a disengaged configuration without axial movement of the proximal end portion 2014 relative to the housing 2010. In some embodiments, the connector 2002 is configured to allow rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 relative to the housing 2010 in one or both directions without axial movement of the proximal end portion 2014 relative to the housing 2010. In some cases, the proximal end portion 2014 can be locked against axial movement relative to the housing 2010.

[0082] Figure 27 shows a partial exploded view of another exemplary embodiment of connector 2002. Figure 28 shows a partial perspective view of the exemplary connector 2002 of Figure 27. Figure 29 shows a partial cross-sectional view of an exemplary connector in a free-spinning or disengaged configuration. Figure 30 shows a partial cross-sectional view of an exemplary connector in an engaged configuration. Figure 31 shows a cross-sectional view showing a cutaway of the rotation mechanism of an exemplary connector in a free-spinning configuration. Figure 32 shows a cross-sectional view showing a cutaway of the rotation mechanism of an exemplary connector in an engaged configuration.

[0083] The connector 2002 can have a proximal end portion 2014 that includes a female luer 2020, external threads 2022, a flange 2024, and a lumen 2026. The proximal end portion 2014 can include one or more protrusions or teeth 2027 that can extend radially outward from an outer surface of the lumen 2026. Two protrusions or teeth 2027 can be included, such as disposed on opposite sides of the proximal end portion 2014.

[0084] The housing 2010 may include a sidewall 2030, a flange 2032 extending inwardly from the sidewall 2030, and an opening 2034 through the flange 2032. The sidewall 2030 may include a gap 2096 (e.g., a slit) dividing the sidewall into four sidewall sections 2030a, 2030b, 2030c, and 2030d. Sidewall sections 2030a and 2030c may be positioned opposite one another. Sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d may be positioned opposite one another. The gap 2096 may allow a user to move one or more of the sidewall sections 2030a-2030d between an engaged configuration and a disengaged configuration. For example, a user can squeeze or bring opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d inward or toward each other, such as by applying force in the direction of the arrows in FIGS. 28 and 32. A user can use one hand to bring opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d together between the fingers and thumb. The other hand can hold another connector, such as to twist it into engagement with the proximal end portion 2014 of connector 2002. The housing 2010 can have one or more teeth 2036 formed on the inward side of the sidewall 2030. In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 27-32, the housing 2010 can have two teeth 2036, but any suitable number (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, or more) can be used. The sidewall sections 2030a-2030d can have teeth formed on opposite sides. When the opposing side wall sections 2030b and 2030d move inwardly into an engaged configuration, the teeth 2036 on the side wall sections 2030b and 2030d engage with the teeth 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014, thereby locking the rotation of the housing 2010 relative to the proximal end portion 2014.When the housing 2010 assumes an engaged configuration (e.g., FIGS. 30 and 32), the housing 2010 and the proximal end portion 2014 can rotate together, which may allow a user to couple another connector to the proximal end portion 2014 (e.g., by holding the housing 2010 and the other connector).

[0085] A user can release opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d to move outwardly to a non-flexed or non-deformed position (e.g., the disengaged configuration shown in FIGS. 29 and 31 ). When in the disengaged configuration, the teeth 2036 on the housing 2010 can be spaced outwardly from the teeth 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014. In the detached configuration, the teeth 2027 and 2036 do not engage, allowing the proximal end portion 2014 to rotate in either direction relative to the housing 2010. The detached configuration can allow free spinning of the proximal end portion 2014 relative to the housing 2010. In the detached configuration, the proximal end portion 2014 can rotate with another connector, which can prevent unintentional disengagement of the other connector from the proximal end portion 2014. In some cases, the detached configuration can prevent connection of the other connector to the proximal end portion 2014.

[0086] 27-32, the housing has two teeth 2036, with sidewall section 2030b having one of the teeth 2036 and opposing sidewall section 2030d having the other of the two teeth 2036. Opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d can each have multiple teeth in some embodiments. In some cases, sidewall sections 2030a and 2030c do not have any teeth 2036. Squeezing sidewall sections 2030a and 2030c inward does not transition connector 2002 to the engaged configuration because sidewall sections 2030a and 2030c do not have teeth 2036 to engage with teeth 2027 on proximal end portion 2014. In other configurations, each of sidewall sections 2030a, 2030b, 2030c, and 2030d can have one or more teeth 2036, such that connector 2002 can be transitioned to the engaged configuration by compressing either opposing sidewall sections 2030a and 2030c or opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d. In some embodiments, housing 2010 can include only one movable section for transitioning connector 2002 between the engaged and disengaged configurations. For example, two of the gaps 2096 shown in FIGS. 27-32 can be omitted. Sidewall 2030 includes a main section that is not configured to move radially, and sidewall 2030 includes a movable section that is configured to move radially inward to the engaged configuration and radially outward to the disengaged configuration. The movable sidewall section can be separated from the main sidewall section by a gap 2096 (e.g., a slit). The movable sidewall section can include one or more teeth 2036 that, when in the engaged configuration, engage with one or more teeth 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014. In some embodiments, the connector 2002 can have two, four, six, eight, or more sidewall sections.

[0087] In some embodiments, the teeth 2036 can have an engaging surface and a sliding surface, and the teeth 2027 can have an engaging surface and a sliding surface (e.g., similar to other embodiments described herein). When the connector is in the engaged configuration, the engaging surface of one or more teeth 2036 can engage the engaging surface of one or more teeth 2027 to prevent rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 relative to the housing 2010 in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise in FIGS. 31 and 32). When the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in a loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise in FIGS. 31 and 32), the sliding surface of one or more teeth 2036 slides against the sliding surface of one or more teeth 2027, thereby allowing the teeth 2027 to rotate past the teeth 2036. In some cases, opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d can move outward (e.g., less than back to the disengaged configuration) to allow tooth 2027 to rotate past tooth 2036. The sliding surfaces of tooth 2027 and / or 2036 can be angled to facilitate rotation of tooth 2027 past tooth 2036. In some cases, when a user applies sufficient force to compress opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d into the engaged configuration, the sliding surfaces on teeth 2027 and / or 2036 can bind together such that rotation of proximal end portion 2014 relative to housing 2010 in the loosening direction is prevented. In some cases, a user can remove other connectors from proximal end portion 2014 by bringing opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d together with sufficient force to lock proximal end portion 2014 to housing 2010. In some embodiments, a user can grasp or manipulate the flange 2024 to hold the proximal end portion 2014 against rotation and detach the other connector from the proximal end portion 2014 .

[0088] In some embodiments, teeth 2027 and teeth 2036 may be replaced with one or more protrusions configured to engage with one or more corresponding recesses when the connector is in the engaged configuration (e.g., sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d are compressed inward). Thus, the engaged configuration can prevent rotation of proximal end portion 2014 relative to housing 2010 in both directions. In the disengaged configuration, the one or more protrusions can retract from the one or more recesses, allowing rotation of proximal end portion 2014 relative to housing 2010 in both directions.

[0089] FIG. 33 shows a partial cross-sectional view of an exemplary connector. FIG. 34 shows a cross-sectional view of a cutaway rotation mechanism of an exemplary connector in a free-spinning or disengaged configuration. FIG. 35 shows a cross-sectional view of a cutaway rotation mechanism of an exemplary connector in an engaged configuration. The connector 2002 of FIGS. 33-35 may be similar to the embodiment described with respect to FIGS. 27-32 , except as described herein. The connector 2002 may include an engagement member 2040 that may have a body portion 2045 that may have an annular or circular shape. The various engagement members 2040 disclosed herein may have other non-circular shapes, such as a polygonal shape. The engagement member 2040 may have one or more internal teeth 2095 disposed inwardly of the body portion 2045 and one or more external teeth 2097 disposed outwardly of the body portion 2045. The internal teeth 2095 may be configured to engage one or more teeth 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014 (e.g., when the connector 2002 is in the engaged configuration). The external teeth 2095 may be configured to engage one or more teeth 2036 on the housing 2010 (e.g., when the connector 2002 is in the engaged configuration).

[0090] The housing 2010 can have four sidewall sections 2030a, 2030b, 2030c, and 2030d, although any suitable number of sidewall sections can be used as described herein. A gap 2096 (e.g., a slit) can separate the sidewall sections 2030a-d. One or more of the sidewall sections 2030a-d can be moved to transition the connector between an engaged configuration and a disengaged configuration. For example, the opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d can be compressed radially inward (e.g., by a force indicated by the arrows in FIG. 35 ) to form an engaged configuration. When released, the opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d can return to an unbent or undeformed position (e.g., shown in FIG. 34 ), creating a disengaged state.

[0091] In the disengaged state (e.g., FIG. 34 ), the minimum distance between one or more teeth 2036 on the housing 2010 and one or more teeth 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014 can provide sufficient space for the engagement member 2040 to rotate between the teeth 2027 and 2036, such as without the internal teeth 2095 engaging the teeth 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014 and / or the external teeth 2097 engaging the teeth 2036 on the housing 2010. When in the disengaged state, the proximal end portion 2014 can freely rotate relative to the housing 2010 in both directions. The disengaged configuration can be a free-spinning configuration. In some cases, the engagement member 2040 can rotate with the proximal end portion 2014 relative to the housing 2010 (e.g., when the internal teeth 2095 engage the teeth 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014). In some cases, the engaging member 2040 can rotate with the housing 2010 relative to the proximal end portion 2014 (e.g., when the external teeth 2097 engage with the teeth 2036 on the housing 2010). In some cases, the housing 2010, the engaging member 2040, and the proximal end portion 2014 can each rotate relative to the other two listed components. The body portion 2045 of the engaging member 2040 can be non-flexible or non-deformable in the engaged / disengaged configuration.

[0092] In an engaged state (e.g., FIG. 35 ), one or more teeth 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014 engage with one or more internal teeth 2095 on the engagement member 2040, and one or more teeth 2036 on the housing 2010 engage with one or more external teeth 2097 on the engagement member 2040 to prevent rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 relative to the housing 2010 (e.g., at least in the clamping direction). In the engaged configuration, the distance between the sidewall 2030 of the housing 2010 and the inner cavity 2026 of the proximal end portion 2014 can be less than the combined radial length of the total of the engagement surfaces on teeth 2027, 2095, 2097, and 2036. In the engaged configuration, the minimum distance between the teeth 2036 on the housing 2010 and the teeth 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014 can be less than the thickness of the engagement member 2040 cut through teeth 2095 and 2097. In the engaged configuration, rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 in the clamping direction (e.g., clockwise in FIG. 35 ) can cause the teeth 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014 to engage with the internal teeth 2095 on the engagement member 2040. The engagement member 2040 can then rotate with the proximal end portion 2014 in the clamping direction until the external teeth 2097 engage with the teeth 2036 on the housing 2010. In that configuration (e.g., shown in FIG. 35 ), the proximal end portion 2014 can be prevented from further rotation in the clamping direction relative to the housing 2010. In some embodiments, the body portion 2045 of the engaging member 2040 can be bent or deformed (e.g., away from a circular or predetermined shape) when the connector 2002 assumes the engaged configuration (e.g., FIG. 35). For example, the body portion 2045 can have an oval or elliptical annular shape in the engaged configuration. Squeezing the sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d inward can compress the engaging member 2040 into the deformed shape.

[0093] When one or more sidewall sections 2030a-2030d are compressed inward, gap 2096 can collapse. The inwardly compressed sidewall sections 2030a-2030d can abut one or both adjacent sidewall sections 2030a-2030d, limiting the distance the sidewall sections 2030a-2030d can be displaced inward. In FIG. 35 , opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d can be compressed inward to abut the ends of sidewall sections 2030a and 2030c. When sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d are compressed together, the space between sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d, or between teeth 2036 thereon, can allow engagement member 2040 and / or proximal end portion 2014 to rotate in a loosening direction. For example, the sliding surfaces on the housing teeth 2036 and / or on the external teeth 2097, and / or on the internal teeth 2095 and / or on the teeth 2027 of the proximal end portion 2014, can press against one another, deforming the shape of the engagement member 2040 to allow the teeth 2027 to move past the internal teeth 2097 and / or the teeth 2036 to move past the external teeth 2097. For example, when the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in the loosening direction while sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d are pressed inward, the sliding surfaces on one or more of the teeth 2027 may partially contact the sliding surfaces on one or more of the internal teeth 2095. The engagement member 2040 can be rotated in the loosening direction with the proximal end portion 2014 until the sliding surfaces of the external teeth 2097 contact the sliding surfaces of the teeth 2036 on the housing 2010. As noted above, the distance that sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d can be compressed inward can be limited by a stop. When sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d are compressed together the maximum allowable amount, tooth 2036 can be positioned such that only a portion of the sliding surface of tooth 2036 contacts only a portion of the sliding surface of tooth 2097. Additionally or alternatively, engaging member 2040 can be configured such that only a portion of the sliding surface of tooth 2095 contacts only a portion of the sliding surface of tooth 2027.This allows space for the teeth 2095 and 2097 on the engaging member 2040 to be displaced inward (e.g., similar to FIG. 35 ) so that the external teeth 2097 can clear the housing teeth 2036. Alternatively, the teeth 2095 and 2097 on the engaging member 2040 can be displaced outward to allow the internal teeth 2095 to clear the teeth 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014. In some embodiments, the internal teeth 2095 may be offset from the external teeth 2097 (e.g., by about 90 degrees, or by about 60 degrees to about 120 degrees, or any value or range therebetween), such that deformation of the engagement member 2040 may cause the external teeth 2097 to be displaced inward (e.g., disengaging from the housing teeth 2036) while the internal teeth 2095 are displaced outward (e.g., disengaging from the teeth 2027) when the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in a loosening direction relative to the housing 2010.

[0094] While the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 33-35 has four teeth 2027, two internal teeth 2095, two external teeth 2097, and two teeth 2036, any suitable number of teeth (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, or more) for each set of teeth disclosed can be used. In some embodiments, all of the sidewall sections 2030a-2030d can have one or more teeth 2036. For example, the connector 2002 can transition to the engaged configuration in some configurations by bringing opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d together or bringing opposing sidewall sections 2030a and 2030c together. Teeth 2027, 2095, 2097, and / or 2036 can have engaging and sliding surfaces, similar to other embodiments disclosed herein. In some cases, protrusions and corresponding recesses that can be engaged and disengaged can be used in place of some or all of teeth 2027, 2095, 2097, and 2036, as described herein.

[0095] Figure 36 shows a partial exploded view of another exemplary embodiment of connector 2002. Figure 37 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the exemplary connector of Figure 36. Figure 38 shows a cross-sectional view of a cutaway of the rotation mechanism of the exemplary connector. Figure 39 shows another cross-sectional view of a cutaway of the rotation mechanism of the exemplary connector.

[0096] The connector 2002 can have a proximal end portion 2014 that can include a female luer 2020, male threads 2022, a flange 2024, a lumen 2026, and one or more protrusions or teeth 2027 that can extend radially outward from the lumen 2026. The housing 2010 can have a sidewall 2030, a flange 2032 that extends inward from the sidewall 2030, and an opening through the flange 2034. The lumen can pass through the opening 2034 in the flange 2032. The housing can have one or more tabs 2033 for securing the proximal end portion 2014 to the housing 2010 (e.g., similar to other embodiments disclosed herein). The one or more tabs 2033 can extend inward from the sidewall 2030, such as at or near the proximal end of the housing 2010. The flange 2024 of the proximal end portion 2014 may be recessed within the housing 2010. The tabs 2033 and / or the flange 2024 may be configured to provide sufficient flexion to allow the flange 2024 to be inserted distally over one or more tabs 2033, such as for a snap-fit ​​engagement.

[0097] The housing 2010 can have one or more pawls 2098 that can extend inwardly from the housing 2010, such as from the sidewall 2030. The pawls 2098 can be configured to engage with teeth 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014. Each of the pawls 2098 can extend from a connection point 2049 on the body portion 2045. The pawls 2098 can be curved such that an end portion of the pawl 2098 extends along a direction that is approximately parallel to the curvature of the adjacent portion of the sidewall 2030. Each of the pawls 2098 can have an engagement surface and a sliding surface. A normal to the engagement surface can extend approximately tangential to the curvature of the sidewall 2030. The sliding surface can be angled such that the normal to the sliding surface can extend in a direction offset from the radially outward direction at an angle of about 5 degrees to about 45 degrees, although other configurations are possible. The sidewall can include an opening 2099 adjacent the pawl 2098. The opening 2099 can, in some embodiments, create a space in the sidewall 2030 into which the pawl 2098 can flex. In some cases, the opening 2099 can be omitted.

[0098] When the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise in FIG. 38 ) relative to the housing 2010, such as when coupling another connector to the proximal end portion 2014, the engagement surfaces on the pawls 2098 can engage with the engagement surfaces of the teeth 2027, thereby preventing the proximal end portion 2014 from rotating relative to the housing 2010 (e.g., to allow for attachment of the other connector to the proximal end portion 2014). When the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in a loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise in FIG. 39 ) relative to the housing 2010, such as when the other connector is turned in a loosening direction, the sliding surfaces of the pawls 2098 can slide against the sliding surfaces of the teeth 2027, and the pawls 2098 can flex outward to allow the proximal end portion 2014 to rotate relative to the housing 2010. The force required to deflect the pawl 2098 and allow the tooth 2027 of the proximal end portion 2014 to move past the pawl 2098 may be less than the force required to twist the other connector to detach it from the proximal end portion 2014 (e.g., as in other embodiments disclosed herein).

[0099] Figure 40 shows a perspective view of another exemplary embodiment of connector 2002. Figure 41 shows a proximal housing portion of the connector of Figure 40. Figure 42 shows a cross-sectional view of the exemplary connector. Figure 43 shows another cross-sectional view of the exemplary connector. The connector of Figures 40-43 can have the same or similar features as the connector of Figures 36-39 (or other embodiments disclosed herein), except as described herein.

[0100] The connector 2002 can have a proximal end portion 2014 including a female luer 2020, external threads 2022, and a flange 2024. The proximal end portion 2014 can include a lumen 2026, which is hidden in FIG. 40 . The flange 2024 can be disposed proximal to the proximal end of the housing 2010. The flange 2024 can be exposed in some embodiments, thereby allowing a user to grip the flange 2024 and limit rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 (e.g., can be used to enable removal of another connector from the proximal end portion 2014, as described herein). In some embodiments, the flange 2024 can be recessed inwardly of the housing 2010.

[0101] The proximal end portion 2014 can include one or more teeth 2027 that can extend radially outward. Each tooth can include an engagement surface and a sliding surface. The engagement surface can extend in a generally radial direction. The normal to the engagement surface can extend substantially tangentially to a curve along the path of motion of the rotating teeth 2027, or can vary from the tangential direction by about 20 degrees, about 15 degrees, about 10 degrees, about 5 degrees, about 3 degrees, about 2 degrees, about 1 degree, or less, or any range or value therebetween, although other configurations can be used. The sliding surface can be angled relative to the engagement surface by about 30 degrees, about 35 degrees, about 40 degrees, about 45 degrees, about 50 degrees, about 55 degrees, about 60 degrees, about 65 degrees, about 70 degrees, about 75 degrees, or more, or any value or range therebetween, although other configurations can be used. The teeth 2027 in Figures 40 and 42-43 may be similar to the teeth of other embodiments disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the teeth 2027 may extend radially outward from the bore 2026. In some embodiments, the teeth 2027 may extend radially outward from the flange 2024. The teeth 2027 may, in some cases, extend radially outward beyond the flange 2024.

[0102] The connector 2002 can include a housing 2010. The housing can have a distal portion 2016 and a proximal portion 2018, which can be joined by ultrasonic welding, adhesive, threads, pins, snap-fit ​​features, friction-fit features, or the like. When joined, the distal portion 2016 and the proximal portion 2018 of the housing 2010 can move together and function as a single, integral component. In some embodiments, the features of the distal portion 2016 and the proximal portion 2018 of the housing 2010 can be formed as a single, integrated component. The proximal portion 2018 of the housing can have a sidewall 2030, a flange 2032 extending inwardly from the sidewall 2030, and an opening 2034 through the flange 2032. As with other embodiments disclosed herein, the lumen 2026 of the proximal end portion 2014 can extend through the opening 2034 in the flange 2032.

[0103] In some embodiments, an engagement feature may extend upward from the flange 2032 and be configured to engage with a corresponding feature on, for example, the distal portion 2016 of the housing 2010. For example, a ridge 2011 may extend distally from the flange 2032. The ridge 2011 may have a gap 2013. One or more tabs 2015 may extend distally from the flange 2032 or the sidewall 2030. The tabs 2015 may fit into grooves 2017 on the distal portion 2016 of the housing 2010, as shown, for example, in FIG.

[0104] The housing 2010 can have one or more pawls 2019 that can be configured to interact with one or more teeth 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014, such as to prevent rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 relative to the housing 2010 in a first direction (e.g., a tightening direction that allows another connector to be threaded onto the proximal end portion 2014), allow rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 relative to the housing 2010 in a second direction (e.g., a loosening direction that prevents other connectors from unintentionally detaching from the proximal end portion 2014), etc. Although the embodiment of FIGS. 40-43 shows two pawls 2019 and two teeth 2027, any suitable number (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, or more) of pawls 2019 and / or teeth 2027 can be used.

[0105] The pawls 2019 can form a portion of the sidewall 2030 of the housing 2010. The sidewall 2030 can have a first sidewall section 2030a and a second sidewall section 2030b, which can be spaced apart from one another. The sidewall sections 2030a and 2030b can form a portion of a generally cylindrical shape. The sidewall sections 2030a and 2030b can be annular segments having a first radius of curvature. Each of the pawls 2019 can extend from one of the sidewall sections 2030a and 2030b and extend toward the next or opposing sidewall section 2030b and 2030a. The pawls 2019 can have a second radius of curvature that is less than the first radius of curvature, such as less than about 5%, about 10%, about 15%, about 20%, about 25%, or any value or range therebetween, although other configurations can be used. The pawl 2019 can have an engagement surface. The engagement surface can extend in a generally radial direction. The normal to the engagement surface can extend substantially tangentially to a curve along the path of motion of the rotating teeth 2027 (or the curved path of the pawl 2019 itself), or can vary from the tangential direction by about 20 degrees, about 15 degrees, about 10 degrees, about 5 degrees, about 3 degrees, about 2 degrees, about 1 degree, or less, or any range or value therebetween, although other configurations can be used. The engagement surface on the pawl 2019 can be at the end of the pawl 2019. The teeth 2027 on the proximal end portion 2014 can be positioned radially inward of the sidewall sections 2030a and 2030b.

[0106] The sidewall sections 2030a and 2030b may be positioned such that the tooth 2027 does not contact or engage with the sidewall sections 2030a and 2030b when the tooth 2027 and the proximal end portion 2014 rotate relative to the housing 2010. A smaller radius of curvature of the pawl 2019 causes the end of the pawl 2019 to extend radially inward further than the sidewall sections 2030a and 2030b. The distance from the longitudinal axis through the connector 2002 to the end of the pawl 2019 may be shorter than the distance from the longitudinal axis to the sidewall section 2030a or 2030b. As the tooth 2027 rotates with the proximal end portion 2014, the tooth 2027 may contact and engage with the pawl 2019 as described herein.

[0107] Although two sidewall sections 2030a and 2030b are shown, a different number of sidewall sections may be used, such as if the connector 2002 includes a different number of tabs. Each sidewall section 2030a, 2030b may have a corresponding tab 2019 extending therefrom. In some embodiments, a gap 2021 may be disposed between the end of the tab 2019 and the end of the sidewall section 2030a, 2030b. A flange 2031 may extend inward from the sidewall sections 2030a and 2030b. The flange 2031 may connect the sidewall sections 2030a and 2030b. In some embodiments, the tab 2019 is not directly connected to the flange 2032. A gap 2023 may be disposed between the tab 2019 and the flange 2032. The tab 2019 may be movable (e.g., bend outward). The pawl 2019 can have a sliding surface, which can be a radially inward-facing side of the pawl 2019, which can be configured to slide against the tooth 2027, as described herein.

[0108] When the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in a second or tightening direction (e.g., clockwise in FIG. 42 ), the engagement surfaces of the teeth 2017 can abut against the engagement surfaces of the pawls 2019 (e.g., as shown in FIG. 42 ). The respective engagement surfaces can be configured to be substantially flush when abutting each other, and the engagement surfaces can be substantially perpendicular to the direction of the force compressing them. The engagement between the teeth 2027 and the pawls 2019 can prevent the proximal end portion 2014 from further rotating in the tightening direction relative to the housing 2010. This configuration can allow a user to attach another connector onto the proximal end portion 2014, such as by holding the housing 2010 and the other connector and rotating them relative to each other in the tightening direction.

[0109] When the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in a first or loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise in FIG. 43 ), the engagement surfaces of the teeth 2027 can move away from the corresponding engagement surfaces of the pawl 2019. Rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 further in the loosening direction than the position shown in FIG. 43 can cause the teeth 2027 to contact a sliding surface on the pawl 2019. The sliding surface or tip of the teeth 2027 can slide along the radially inward side of the pawl 2019, causing the pawl 2019 to bend radially outward. After the teeth 2027 move beyond the end of the pawl 2019, the pawl can return to a non-bent position (e.g., with a snap or click). The proximal end portion 2014 can freely rotate in the loosening direction relative to the housing 2010. If the other connector attached to the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in the loosening direction, the proximal end portion 2014 can likewise rotate in the loosening direction, which can prevent the other connector from being disengaged from the proximal end portion 2014. The threshold force for sliding the teeth 2017 along and past the pawls 2019 can be less than the threshold force for unscrewing or otherwise disconnecting the other connector that is threaded onto the proximal end portion 2014.

[0110] FIG. 44 shows a cross-sectional view of another exemplary embodiment of a connector 2002, which may be similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 27-32 except as described herein. FIG. 45 is a partial perspective view of the exemplary connector 2002 of FIG. 44. FIG. 46 is a partial perspective view of the exemplary connector 2002 of FIG. 44 with a portion of the housing 2010 cut away to provide a better view of the inside of the connector 2002. The connector 2002 can have a proximal end portion 2014 that can be coupled to the housing 2010 such that the proximal end portion 2014 can rotate relative to the housing 2010 (e.g., about a longitudinal axis of the connector 2002). The housing 2010 can include multiple side wall sections 2030a-d separated by gaps 2096 (e.g., similar to any of FIGS. 27-35). For example, the housing 2010 can have four sidewall sections 2030a-2030d, although any suitable number of sidewall sections (e.g., 2, 4, 6, 8, or more) can be used. When opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d are squeezed inward, the connector can transition from a disengaged configuration or state to an engaged configuration or state. When released, the opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d can return to the disengaged state.

[0111] Opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d can have one or more protrusions 2037 that can extend inwardly from sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d. The protrusions 2037 can be similar to the housing teeth 2036 disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the protrusions 2037 can include an engagement surface that can be similar to other embodiments disclosed herein. The normal to the engagement surface can extend substantially tangent to a curve along the path of motion of the protrusions 2037 or can vary from the tangent direction by about 20 degrees, about 15 degrees, about 10 degrees, about 5 degrees, about 3 degrees, about 2 degrees, about 1 degree, or less, or any range or value therebetween, although other configurations can be used.

[0112] The proximal end portion 2014 can include one or more pawls 2025 that can be configured to engage the protrusions 2037 when the connector is in an engaged state (e.g., with the sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d compressed inward). The pawls 2025 can be similar to other embodiments disclosed herein. The pawls 2025 can extend outward from the connection point of the proximal end portion 2014 (e.g., from its lumen 2026). The pawls 2025 can be curved such that an end portion of the pawl 2025 extends approximately tangent to a curve along the path of motion of the rotating pawl 2025. The pawls 2025 can have an engagement surface and a sliding surface, similar to other embodiments described herein. The normal to the engagement surface may extend approximately tangent to the curve along the path of motion of the engagement surface as the pawl 2025 rotates relative to the housing 2010, or may vary from the tangent direction by about 20 degrees, about 15 degrees, about 10 degrees, about 5 degrees, about 3 degrees, about 2 degrees, about 1 degree, or less, or any range or value therebetween, although other configurations may be used.

[0113] When the connector 2002 is in the engaged configuration, rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise in FIG. 44 ) relative to the housing 2010 can cause the engagement surfaces of one or more pawls 2025 to abut against the engagement surfaces of one or more protrusions 2037, preventing further rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 in the tightening direction relative to the housing 2010. In that configuration, further rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 causes the housing 2010 to rotate with the proximal end portion 2014. This configuration may allow a user to attach another connector to the proximal end portion 2014 by holding the housing 2010 while twisting the other connector in the tightening direction, as described herein.

[0114] When the connector 2002 is in the engaged configuration, rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 in the loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise in FIG. 44 ) relative to the housing 2010 can cause the pawls 2025 to contact the protrusions and deflect, allowing the pawls 2025 to rotate past the corresponding protrusions. For example, the pawls 2025 can have sliding surfaces configured to contact and slide along the protrusions 2037 when the proximal end portion 2014 is rotated in the loosening direction. The pawls 2025 can be deflected (e.g., inward) when the sliding surfaces of the pawls 2025 engage the protrusions 2037. When the pawls 2025 are rotated past the protrusions 2037, the pawls 2025 can return to a default or undeflected position (e.g., shown in FIG. 44 ). The force that causes one or more of the pawls 2025 to deform and rotate past one or more of the protrusions 2037 may be less than the force that would detach another connector coupled to the proximal end portion 2014. Thus, when a user holds the housing 2010 and rotates the other connector in a loosening direction, the proximal end portion 2014 will simply rotate with the other connector in the loosening direction relative to the housing 2010, thereby preventing disengagement of the other connector from the proximal end portion 2014. Thus, the connector 2002 may be configured to prevent decoupling of the other connector from the proximal end portion even when the connector 2002 is in an engaged configuration.

[0115] The distance that sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d can be compressed inward can be limited by a stopper, as in other embodiments disclosed herein. For example, when second sidewall section 2030b is compressed inward, a first end of second sidewall section 2030b can abut a first end of first sidewall section 2030a and / or a second end of second sidewall section 2030b can abut a first end of third sidewall section 2030c. When fourth sidewall section 2030d is compressed inward, a first end of fourth sidewall section 2030d can abut a second end of first sidewall section 2030a and / or a second end of fourth sidewall section 2030d can abut a second end of third sidewall section 2030c. Displacing one or more sidewall sections 2030a-2030d into the engaged configuration can collapse one or more corresponding gaps 2096. The size of the corresponding gaps 2096 can set the displacement distance that one or more sidewall sections 2030a-2030d can be displaced. When one or more corresponding gaps 2096 are collapsed, one or more sidewall sections 2030a-2030d can be prevented from being further displaced inward (e.g., even if additional packing force is applied).

[0116] The stopper can prevent the protrusion 2037 from being displaced inward too far, thereby blocking rotation of the pawl 2025 and the proximal end portion 2014 in a loosening direction relative to the housing 2010. For example, when the side wall sections 2030b and 2030d are squeezed inward until they abut the other side wall sections 2030a and 2030c, the protrusion 2037 can displace the pawl 2025 inward to allow the proximal end portion 2014 to rotate in a loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise in FIG. 44 ) and can be positioned to engage the pawl 2025 and prevent rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise in FIG. 44 ).

[0117] When the connector 2002 is in a detached configuration (e.g., as shown in FIG. 44 ), the one or more protrusions 2037 can be positioned so as not to engage or contact the pawl 2025 when the proximal end portion 2014 rotates relative to the housing 2010. In the detached state, the connector 2002 can allow the proximal end portion 2014 to spin freely in either direction relative to the housing 2010. This feature can be beneficial in avoiding kinking or kinking of a fluid line coupled to the connector 2002. This feature can be beneficial in avoiding unintentional disengagement of the connector 2002 from another connector. The threshold force for rotating the proximal end portion 2014 in the loosening direction can be lower when the connector 2002 is in the detached state compared to when the connector 2002 is in the engaged state, even though both states allow rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 in the loosening direction relative to the housing. This is because when the connector 2002 is in a disengaged state, the pawl 2025 does not contact the protrusion 2037 when the proximal end portion 2014 rotates relative to the housing 2010, whereas when the connector 2002 is in an engaged state, the pawl 2025 is deflected by the protrusion 2037, allowing the proximal end portion 2014 to rotate in the loosening direction.

[0118] Many variations are possible. For example, sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d, or any other suitable portion of housing 2010, can have one or more flexible prongs 2037 in place of protrusions 2037. Proximal end portion 2014 can have relatively rigid protrusions (e.g., similar to protrusions 2037) in place of prongs 2025. In some embodiments, both housing 2010 and proximal end portion 2014 can include flexible prongs (e.g., similar to prongs 2025 but facing in the opposite direction).

[0119] In some embodiments, the gap 2096 between the sidewall sections 2030a-2030d can extend to the end of the housing 2010, such as to form an open slit, as shown in FIG. 45. In some implementations, the gap 2096 does not extend to the end of the housing 2010, but rather the gap 2096 can be enclosed, as shown in FIG. 47, which illustrates an exemplary housing 2010 relative to the connector 2002. The gap 2096 can be a closed slit that can have an elongated shape extending generally longitudinally along the connector 2002. The embodiment of FIG. 47 is similar to other embodiments disclosed herein, such as in FIGS. 44-46, except that the gap 2096 is spaced from the end of the housing 2010. The inner surface of the housing 2010, like other embodiments disclosed herein, can have one or more protrusions 2037 that can be moved inward to engage one or more detents 2025 or other features to limit rotation of the housing 2010 relative to an interior structure or fluid path. The housing 2010 can have one or more sidewall sections 2030b, 2030d with one or more protrusions 2037. The housing 2010 can have one or more sidewall sections 2030a, 2030c without protrusions 2037 in some embodiments. A gap 2096 can separate one or more sidewall sections 2030b, 2030d from the other one or more sidewall sections 2030a, 2030c. The gap 2096 can facilitate inward movement of one or more sidewall sections 2030b, 2030d, such as when a user pinches them inward. The housing 2010 can have two protrusion 2037 locations on opposite sides, although other configurations are possible, such as using a single protrusion 2037 or four protrusions. The gap 2096 can be replaced with a flexible section.

[0120] FIG. 48 illustrates another exemplary housing 2010 for connector 2002, which may be similar to the embodiment of FIG. 47 or other embodiments disclosed herein. In the embodiment of FIG. 48, gap 2096 extends laterally. Gap 2096 can provide one or more movable sections 2030b, 2030d of housing 2010 that can be compressed inward by a user squeezing or pinching one or more movable sections 2030a, 2030b of housing 2010. For example, movable sections 2030b, 2030d can be disposed between gap 2096. In the example of FIG. 48, sidewall sections 2030b and / or 2030d can be movable portions of housing 2010 that can be displaced inward to provide an engagement configuration similar to other embodiments disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the housing 2010 can have a single movable section 2030d, which can be used to transition between engaged and disengaged configurations as described, although any suitable number of movable sections can be used. The gap 2096 can extend along a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis (e.g., as shown in FIG. 47), along a direction or plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis (e.g., as shown in FIG. 48), or along various other suitable directions that facilitate movement of one or more housing sections 2030b, 2030d.

[0121] FIG. 49 shows one exemplary embodiment of a housing 2010 that may be used in the connector 2002. The example of FIG. 49 may be similar to the examples of FIGS. 47 and 48 or other embodiments disclosed herein. In the example of FIG. 49, a single continuous gap 2096 may extend across a sufficient extent of the movable housing portion 2030b or 2030d to facilitate movement of the housing portion 2030b or 2030d when squeezed inward by a user. The example of FIG. 49 may be similar to the example of FIG. 47, except that the ends of the two gaps 2096 may be connected by side gap sections to form the single continuous gap 2096. The gap 2096 can surround a majority of the corresponding movable housing portion 2030b or 2030d, such as about 60%, about 65%, about 70%, about 75%, about 80%, about 85%, about 90%, or more of the corresponding movable housing portion 2030b or 2030d, or any value or range of these values.

[0122] In some embodiments, gap 2096 may be omitted. One or more movable sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d may be defined by different thicknesses of sidewall 2030. For example, as shown in FIG. 50, sidewall sections 2030a and 2030c may be thinner than sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d. Squeezing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d together, as shown in FIG. 51, may cause the thinner sidewall sections 2030a and 2030c to flex and displace sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d toward each other. Steps 2039 may be formed at the transition points between sidewall sections 2030a and 2030d and between sidewall sections 2030b and 2030c. The step 2039 can provide an engagement surface that can engage with an engagement surface on the pawl 2025 to prevent rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 in the tightening direction (e.g., clockwise in FIGS. 50-52 ). FIG. 50 shows a disengagement configuration, which can be a default or undeformed configuration, in which the step 2039 can be positioned radially outward of the rotational path of the pawl 2025. In the disengagement configuration, the proximal end portion 2014 can freely rotate in both directions relative to the housing 2010. FIG. 51 shows an engagement configuration in which an external force (e.g., a user pinching the housing 2010) displaces the sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d inward, and at least one engagement feature (e.g., step 2039) is disposed in the rotational path of the pawl 2025. The step 2039 or the transition point from the thin sidewall section to the thick sidewall section can provide a catch point for engaging the pawl 2025. 50, in the engaged configuration, rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 in the tightening direction may cause the pawls to abut the steps 2039, preventing further rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 in the tightening direction. However, rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 in the loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise in FIG. 52) may cause the pawls 2025 to be displaced inward and slide on the corresponding sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d, thereby allowing continued rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 in the loosening direction even in the engaged configuration.53 and 54, in some embodiments, applying a force that compresses thinner sidewall sections 2030a and 2030c toward each other does not transition connector 2002 to the engaged configuration. In some cases, the force may displace step 2039 further from the rotational path of pawl 2025.

[0123] Various engagement features, such as protrusions, pawls, teeth, and recesses disclosed herein, can be used. In general, one type of engagement feature can be substituted for another type of engagement feature when appropriate, even when not specifically illustrated. For example, in some cases, a pawl engaging a tooth can be replaced with a tooth engaging a pawl, or a pawl engaging a recess, or a protrusion engaging a recess. In some cases, one or more recesses can be configured to engage with one or more corresponding pawls, teeth, or protrusions. In some cases, the recesses can have an engagement surface on one end (e.g., to limit rotation of the corresponding engagement feature) and / or an angled sliding surface on the other end (e.g., to allow rotation of the corresponding engagement feature). In some cases, the pawl can press outward against a surface (e.g., a sidewall) when the pawl and sidewall rotate relative to one another, and the surface can have a recess that allows the pawl to move to a less-flexed position to engage the recess and prevent relative rotation.

[0124] In some embodiments, the engagement feature (e.g., one or more pawls, teeth, or protrusions) may be integrally formed with a corresponding component of the connector 2002 (e.g., the housing 2010 or the proximal end portion 2014). Alternatively, the engagement feature (e.g., one or more pawls, teeth, or protrusions) may be formed separately and coupled to move (e.g., rotate) with the corresponding component of the connector 2002. For example, in FIG. 44 , the pawl 2025 is integrally formed with the proximal end portion 2014 as shown, or the pawl 2025 could be part of a keyed engagement member 2040 to rotate with the proximal end portion 2014, similar to the engagement member 2040 of FIG. 6. In some embodiments, a feature that moves with a component, such as the housing 2010 or the proximal end portion 2014, may be considered part of that component even if formed separately. In some cases, engagement features on the components (e.g., on the housing 2010 and the proximal end portion 2014) may engage with one another by direct contact, while in other embodiments, the engagement features can have an indirect engagement, such as through an engagement member 2040 as disclosed herein.

[0125] In some disclosed embodiments, the engagement features may extend outward from the outer surface of the lumen 2026 of the proximal end portion 2014. However, the engagement features may extend or be disposed from other portions of the proximal end portion 2014, such as from the flange 2024, or from the barrel of a female luer fitting, or from another component that rotates or moves with the proximal end portion 2014.

[0126] The rotation mechanism disclosed herein can be incorporated into various types of connectors. For example, the rotation mechanism can be used in a connector similar to connector 100 of the '712 publication to control rotation between male housing 123 and first cap component 132, etc. The rotation mechanism can be used in a connector similar to connector 400 of the '712 publication to control rotation between male housing 440 and fluid conduit 280, etc. The rotation mechanism can be used in a connector similar to any of connectors 1100, 2100, 3100, 8100, 9100 of the '712 publication to control rotation between male housing 1123, 2123, 3123, 8123, 9123 and first cap component 1132, 8132, 9132, etc. The rotation mechanism may be used in connectors similar to any of the connectors 1400, 2400, 8400 of the '712 publication, such as to control rotation between the female housing 1440, 8440 and the first cap component 1420. The rotation mechanism disclosed herein may be used in connection with various other connectors disclosed in the '712 publication or in any other manner, such as to control rotation of a first portion relative to a second portion. Any suitable features of the connectors disclosed in the '712 publication may be incorporated into embodiments of the connector 2002 disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the proximal and distal ends are interchangeable, and the proximal end portion 2014 may be the distal end portion. While various embodiments are described in connection with a proximal end portion, a distal end portion, end portion, connector coupling portion, or other component may be rotatable relative to the housing using the rotation mechanism disclosed herein.

[0127] In some embodiments, the male and female luer fittings are interchangeable. For example, the female luer fitting may be part of or moveable with the housing, and the male luer fitting may be part of or moveable with a different component that can rotate relative to the housing. Although some embodiments disclose luer lock fittings, other types of connection fittings can also be used.

[0128] The proximal end portion (or first portion) of the connector may be configured to couple to a first medical instrument, such as a syringe, a fluid line, an IV bag, or any other suitable medical device. The distal end portion (or second portion) of the connector may be configured to couple to a second medical instrument, such as a catheter, a fluid line, an IV bag, or any other suitable medical device. The connector 2002 may be configured to transfer fluid between the first and second medical instruments (e.g., to infuse fluid through the connector 2002 into a patient). The rotation mechanism disclosed herein can control rotation between the proximal end portion (or first portion) and the distal end portion (or second portion) of the connector 2002.

[0129] Some embodiments can allow rotation of the connector first portion (e.g., proximal end portion 2014) relative to the connector second portion (e.g., housing 2010), which may allow continuous rotation, such as repeated 360-degree rotations. Some embodiments can prevent rotation of the connector first portion (e.g., proximal end portion 2014) relative to the connector second portion (e.g., housing 2010) in one or more directions. In some cases, the connector first portion can rotate relative to the connector second portion by a limited range of values ​​before rotation is prevented. For example, the proximal end portion 2014 can be allowed to rotate in a second direction (e.g., a tightening direction) relative to the housing 2010 a limited distance until an engagement feature of the rotation mechanism engages and prevents further rotation in the second direction.

[0130] Figure 55 is a perspective view of one exemplary embodiment of connector 2002. In some cases, exemplary connector 2002 may include features similar to features of other embodiments disclosed herein. Figure 56 is another perspective view of exemplary connector 2002. Figure 57 is an exploded view of exemplary connector 2002. Figure 58 is another exploded view of exemplary connector 2002. Figure 59 is a cross-sectional view of exemplary connector 2002. Figure 60 is another cross-sectional view of exemplary connector 2002.

[0131] The connector 2002 can have a housing 2010, which in some cases can include multiple housing portions. For example, the connector 2002 can include a first or distal housing portion 2010a, a second or middle housing portion 2010b, and a third or proximal housing portion 2010c. These portions of the housing 2010 can be joined together by snap-fit ​​features or the like, although in some cases ultrasonic welding, adhesives, threads, pins, friction-fit features, or other joining features can be used. The first housing portion 2010a can have one or more arms 2051 (e.g., two opposing arms 2051) with protrusions 2053. The one or more arms 2051 can penetrate into corresponding one or more slots 2055 (e.g., two opposing slots 2055) on the second housing portion 2010b. The exterior of the arm 2051 can be substantially flush with the exterior of the second housing portion 2010b adjacent the slot 2055. The one or more protrusions 2053 can engage with one or more corresponding recesses or openings 2057 (e.g., two opposing recesses or openings 2057) on the second housing portion 2010b to couple the first housing portion 2010a to the second housing portion 2010b, such as by a snap-fit ​​engagement. Various alternative configurations are possible. For example, in some cases, the first housing portion 2010a has one or more recesses or openings that receive one or more protrusions on the second housing portion 2010b, or other engagement features can be used.

[0132] The second housing portion 2010b can have a ridge or protrusion 2059 that can extend inward to engage a corresponding channel 2061 on the third housing portion 2010c, which can couple the third housing portion 2010c to the second housing portion 2010b. The ridge or protrusion 2059 can slide within the channel 2061 and allow the third housing portion 2010c to rotate (e.g., about the longitudinal axis) relative to the second housing portion 2010b. Various alternative configurations are possible. For example, in some cases, the third housing portion 2010c can have a protrusion and the second housing portion 2010b can include a channel, or other engagement features can be used. The channel 2061 can be formed between a distal wall and a proximal wall 2063. The ridge or protrusion 2059 may be recessed distally from the proximal end of the second housing portion 2010b, such that, for example, the proximal wall 2063 is at least partially disposed inside the second housing portion 2010b, as can be seen, for example, in FIG. 61 , which includes a dashed line indicating the proximal end of the second housing portion 2010b. In some cases, a generally proximally-facing surface of the second housing portion 2010b may be angled to form a recess that can receive at least a portion of the proximal wall 2063. In some cases, the proximal wall 2063 may be disposed entirely within the recessed portion of the second housing portion 2010b. In some cases, a majority of the proximal wall 2063 may be recessed within the second housing portion 2010b. In embodiments in which the third housing portion 2010c includes other engagement features, those engagement features may be at least partially recessed within the second housing portion 2010b, or the majority of those engagement features may be recessed within the second housing portion 2010b, or the entire engagement features may be recessed within the second housing portion 2010b.The engagement features are recessed into the second housing portion 2010b to prevent them from being grasped by a user or from accidental movement that could cause the third housing portion 2010c to rotate loose or become detached from another connector or medical device coupled to the third housing portion 2010c (e.g., to a female luer). Thus, the recessed engagement features can facilitate locking of the connector 2002 onto another medical device, as described herein.

[0133] The housing 2010 (e.g., first housing portion 2010a) may include a distal end 2004, which may include a distal opening. The housing 2010 (e.g., first housing portion 2010a) may include a tapered male luer, although various other connection types may also be used. The first housing portion 2010a may include a hollow protrusion. The male luer or hollow protrusion may be surrounded by a shroud, which may have female threads, such as for engaging with threads or protrusions on a corresponding locking female luer connector. The female threads may be similar to the exemplary connector of FIG. 2. The shroud may be part of the housing 2010 (e.g., first housing portion 2010a).

[0134] The housing 2010 (e.g., third housing portion 2010c) can include a proximal end 2014. The housing 2010 (e.g., third housing portion 2010c) can include a tapered female luer, although other types of connections can be used. The housing 2010 (e.g., third housing portion 2010c) can have male threads or protrusions, such as for engaging with a locking male luer of another connector. The proximal end 2014 can have a proximal opening, such as at the end of a female luer. Many variations are possible. The housing 2010 can include fewer or more housing portions than shown in the exemplary illustrations. In some cases, the first housing portion 2010a and the second housing portion 2010b can be combined into a single housing portion. Thus, in some cases, the third housing portion 2010c may be a second housing portion coupled to a first housing portion, which may be similar to the housing portions 2010a and 2010b.

[0135] The fluid pathway 2008 can extend between the distal end 2004 (e.g., a first or distal opening) and the proximal end 2014 (e.g., a second or proximal opening) of the connector 2002, allowing fluid to be transferred through the connector 2002, etc. In some embodiments, the fluid pathway within the connector 2002 can be continuous or uninterrupted between the distal end 2004 and the proximal end 2014. The connector 2002 can have a closure system 2006, which can include a valve or seal. The closure system 2006 can have an open configuration, which can allow fluid to flow through the fluid pathway 2008. The closure system 2006 can have a closed configuration, which can prevent fluid from flowing through the fluid pathway 2008. For example, the closure system 2006 can close the distal end 2004 (e.g., a distal opening) of the connector 2002 in some embodiments, although any suitable closure system can be used. In some embodiments, the closure system 2006 can automatically transition to the open configuration when a corresponding connector, as described herein, is attached to the connector 2002 (e.g., the distal end 2004). The closure system 2006 can automatically transition to the closed configuration when a corresponding connector, as described herein, is detached from the connector 2002 (e.g., the distal end 2004).

[0136] The connector 2002 can include a valve member 2065. The valve member can move axially between a closed configuration or distal position, which can seal the inside of the male luer, and an open configuration or proximal position, which can open the male luer. The valve member 2065 can have an opening at its proximal end, and a flow path can extend (e.g., longitudinally or axially) from the opening toward the distal end of the valve member 2065. The distal end of the valve member 2065 can be closed. For example, in some cases, the flow path does not extend the entire length of the valve member 2065. One or more lateral openings through the side of the valve member 2065 can provide access to the fluid pathway 2008 when the valve member 2065 is in the open configuration. A transverse flow path can penetrate the valve member 2065 laterally, forming two opposing openings. The one or more openings can be positioned near the distal end of the valve member but spaced a certain distance proximally from the distal end. Valve member 2065 may have a tapered distal end or a step near its distal end that may be configured to engage with housing 2010 (e.g., the inside of a male luer) after reaching the closed position to prevent further movement of valve member 2065 in the distal direction. The distal end of valve member 2064 may be substantially flush with the distal end of housing 2010 (e.g., the male luer).

[0137] When the valve member 2065 is displaced proximally to the open position, a fluid path may extend through the distal opening (e.g., the male luer end), through one or more side openings of the valve member, into a flow path of the valve member, out the proximal opening of the valve member, into a flow path through the housing 2010 (e.g., through a third or proximal housing portion), and through the proximal opening (e.g., to the female luer end). Fluid can flow in either direction through the fluid flow path, depending on the circumstances. In some cases, fluid can flow into the space between the outside of the valve member 2065 and the inside of the male luer protrusion. A seal member 2067 (e.g., an O-ring) can form a seal between the outside of the valve member 2065 and the housing 2010 (e.g., the first or distal housing portion), such as the inside of the male luer protrusion. The seal member 2067 can prevent fluid from leaking out of the flow path 2008 through the connector 2002. The flow path 2008 can have a distal portion that can be defined at least in part by the valve member 2065. The flow path 2008 can include a proximal portion that can be defined at least in part by the housing 2010 (e.g., by the third or proximal housing portion 2010c) and, in some cases, by a female luer. A seal member 2069 (e.g., an O-ring) can form a seal between the valve member 2065 and the housing 2010 (e.g., the third or proximal housing portion 2010c). The seal member 2069 can be on the outside of the valve member 2065 and the inside of the housing portion 2010c. The valve member 2065 can be received within a channel through the housing portion 2010c, which can be advantageous in allowing the valve member 2064 to slide proximally without hitting the tabs 2025 on the housing portion 2010c. As valve member 2065 moves to the open position, the shaft of valve member 2065 can slide along seal member 2067 and / or seal member 2069. One or more openings in the side of valve member 2065 can remain distal to seal member 2067 when valve member 2065 is in the open position.The valve member 2065 may include a flange 2071 or one or more protrusions that may extend laterally from the exterior of the valve member (eg, from the valve member shaft).

[0138] The distal portion of the third housing portion 2010c can penetrate into the interior space of the second housing portion 2010b. The proximal portion of the third housing portion 2010c can extend proximally from the second housing portion 2010b by a longitudinal distance such as less than about 10 mm, less than about 9 mm, less than about 8 mm, less than about 7 mm, less than about 6 mm, less than about 5 mm, less than about 4 mm, less than about 3 mm, or less, or any range or value between any of these distances, although other configurations can be used. The proximal portion of the third housing portion 2010c can form, for example, a female luer. The exterior of the proximal portion of the third housing portion 2010c extending outside the second housing portion 2010b can have a shaft and external threads or protrusions that engage with corresponding threads for a luer lock connection. In some cases, the shaft does not include protrusions or steps other than the external threads or protrusions configured to engage with corresponding threads for a luer lock connection. In some cases, the proximal portion of the third housing portion 2010c, which extends outside the second housing portion 2010b, does not have any protrusions or other features that extend laterally beyond the threads or luer lock protrusions. When another device is connected to the proximal end of the connector (e.g., to a female luer), the male threads (or other threaded protrusions) can be received within the other device so that they are not exposed. In some cases, the third housing portion 2010c does not have any protrusions, steps, recesses, or other external features that are exposed when the other device is connected to the proximal end of the connector. Connector 2002 is configured such that when a standard male luer lock connector is coupled to a female luer lock connection at the proximal end of connector 2002, the housing of the other connector (e.g., the shroud of the male luer lock connector) can be spaced apart from the proximal end of second housing portion 2010b by a distance of less than about 10 mm, less than about 9 mm, less than about 8 mm, less than about 7 mm, less than about 6 mm, less than about 5 mm, less than about 4 mm, less than about 3 mm, less than about 2 mm, less than about 1 mm, or less, or any range or value between any of these distances, although other configurations can be used.Leaving only a small portion of the third housing portion 2010c exposed (e.g., with a clearance distance as described above) can prevent or impede the third housing portion 2010c from being grasped to loosen or remove other devices. A proximal portion of the valve member 2065 can penetrate into a distal portion of the third housing portion 2010c. A first or distal portion of the fluid path 2008 can penetrate the valve member, and a second or proximal portion of the fluid path 2008 can penetrate the third housing portion 2010c (e.g., a proximal end portion or a female luer fitting). As the valve member 2065 moves toward the open position, a majority of the valve member 2065 can move into the third housing portion 2010c. A conduit (e.g., extending transversely perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of connector 2002) can pass through second housing portion 2010b, third housing portion 2010c, and valve member 2065. Valve member 2065 can be partially nested within third housing portion 2010c, which can be partially nested within second housing portion 2010b.

[0139] The connector 2002 can include one or more actuator arms 2073 that can be used to move the valve member 2065 to an open position, as described herein. The actuator arms 2073 can extend distally from a base 2075. The base 2075 can have an opening through which the valve member 2065 can pass until the flange 2071 abuts the proximal side of the base 2075. The actuator arms 2073 can extend distally (e.g., through one or more openings or slots in the housing 2010) such that the arms 2073 are positioned in the space between the male luer protrusion and the shroud. The connector 2002 can include two arms 2073, which can be positioned opposite each other as shown, although various other configurations or numbers of arms 2073 can be used.

[0140] When another connector (e.g., sometimes referred to as a "mating connector") is coupled to the distal end 2004 of the connector 2002, the other (e.g., mating) connector can push the valve member 2065 proximally. In some cases, a protrusion on the mating connector can abut the distal end of the valve member 2065 and directly push the valve member 2065 proximally to the open position. In some cases, upon connection, the mating connector can push one or more arms 2073 proximally. The base 2075 can push the flange 2071 distally, which can move the valve member 2065 toward the open configuration. In some embodiments, the arms 2073 can be integrally formed with the valve member 2065. For example, the base 2075 can be a flange extending laterally outward from the outside of the valve member 2065.

[0141] In some embodiments, the arm 2073 may be coupled to the valve member 2065. For example, an opening through the base 2075 can have a friction fit with the valve member 2075. In some cases, the opening can be sized to have a friction fit with the valve member 2065. Referring to FIG. 62 , in some cases, the base 2075 can include one or more flexible tabs 2077 that can be deformed by the valve member 2065 when the valve member 2065 is inserted through the opening in the base 2075. The width of the opening with the tab 2077 can be less than the width of the valve member 2065. The width of the opening without the tab 2077 can be equal to or greater than the width of the valve member 2065. In some embodiments, the arm 2073 can be coupled to the valve member 2065 by a keyed engagement, a snap-fit ​​element, ultrasonic welding, adhesive, threads, a pin, or other suitable coupling mechanism.

[0142] The valve member 2065 can be biased toward the closed position. The connector 2002 can include a biasing member 2079 that can bias the closure system 2006 into the closed configuration, such as by biasing the valve member 2065 toward the distal or closed position. The biasing member 2079 can include a first securing portion or ring 2081 and a second securing portion or ring 2083. The first securing ring 2081 can be mounted within a groove 2087 on the housing 2010 (e.g., on the first or distal housing portion 2010a), such as near the distal end. The second securing ring 2083 can be mounted on the valve member 2065, such as proximal to the flange 2071. The biasing member 2079 can include one or more elastic portions or straps 2085 that can extend between the first ring 2081 and the second ring 2083. When the valve member 2065 is moved proximally, the flange 2071 pushes the second fixation ring 2083 proximally and the first fixation ring 2081 remains in the groove 2087, causing the elastic strap 2085 to stretch. The elastic band 2085 can provide a biasing force that biases the valve member 2065 distally, such as pushing it back to the closed position. In some implementations, the second fixation ring 2083 can compress the flange 2061 distally, which can compress the base 2075 and / or the arms 2073 distally. The housing 2010 (e.g., distal housing portion 2010a) can have one or more slots 2089 that can receive the strap 2085. The second housing portion 2010b can have one or more openings 2091 so that the strap 2085 can extend from the outside of the housing 2010 to the inside of the housing 2010. The first fastening portion or ring 2081 and / or the second fastening portion or ring 2083 can be secured to the housing 2010 and / or the valve 2065 in a variety of other manners, such as using adhesive, clamps, a friction fit, bolts, pins, or any other suitable securing mechanism. The first fastening portion or ring 2081 can be bonded on the outside of the housing 2010, and the second fastening portion or ring 2083 can be disposed within the inside of the housing 2010.

[0143] Various other biasing members can be used. FIG. 63 is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of connector 2002 in which biasing member 2079 is a spring. FIG. 64 is another cross-sectional view of exemplary connector 2002 having spring biasing member 2079. Connector 2002 of FIGS. 63-64 can have similar features to connector 2002 of FIGS. 55-62 or other embodiments disclosed herein. Spring biasing member 2079 can have a first or distal end that can be mounted against flange 2071 (e.g., a proximal side thereof) of valve member 2065. Spring biasing member 2079 can have a second or proximal end that can be mounted against third or proximal housing portion 2010c (e.g., a proximal end portion). Various alternative designs can be used. The spring biasing member 2079 can be mounted against a portion of the second housing portion 2010b, or the base 2075 of the arm can be disposed proximal to the flange 2071 and the spring 2079 can be mounted against the base 2075 or against another component coupled to the valve member 2065. A connector 2020 having a spring biasing member 2079 can omit the opening 2091, which can allow the housing 2010 to sufficiently prevent foreign objects or contaminants from entering the interior of the housing 2010. A variety of other suitable biasing members can be used.

[0144] The connector 2002 can include a rotation mechanism 2012, which can have features similar to other embodiments disclosed herein. The rotation mechanism 2012 can be configured to allow the third or proximal housing portion 2010c (e.g., including the proximal end 2014) to rotate relative to the second or middle housing portion 2010b and / or relative to the first or distal housing portion 2010a (e.g., including the distal end 2004 or female luer). In some embodiments, the rotation mechanism 2012 can be configured to allow rotation of the proximal end 2014 in a first direction (e.g., counterclockwise) and prevent rotation of the proximal end 2014 in a second direction (e.g., clockwise). FIG. 65 shows a cross-sectional view of a cutaway of the rotation mechanism 2012 of the connector 2002.

[0145] The housing 2010 (e.g., the second or central housing portion 2010b) can include multiple side wall sections 2030a-2030d separated by gaps 2096 (e.g., similar to any of FIGS. 27-35 and 44). For example, the housing 2010 can have four side wall sections 2030a-2030d. When the opposing side wall sections 2030b and 2030d are squeezed inward, the connector can transition from a disengaged configuration or state to an engaged configuration or state. When released, the opposing side wall sections 2030b and 2030d can return to a disengaged state. FIG. 65 illustrates the disengaged state. FIG. 66 illustrates the engaged state.

[0146] Opposing sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d can have one or more protrusions 2037 that can extend inwardly from sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d. The protrusions 2037 can be similar to the housing teeth 2036 disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the protrusions 2037 can include an engagement surface that can be similar to other embodiments disclosed herein. The normal to the engagement surface can extend substantially tangent to a curve along the path of motion of the protrusions 2037 or can vary from the tangent direction by about 20 degrees, about 15 degrees, about 10 degrees, about 5 degrees, about 3 degrees, about 2 degrees, about 1 degree, or less, or any range or value therebetween, although other configurations can be used.

[0147] The housing portion 2010c can include one or more pawls 2025 that can be configured to engage the protrusions 2037 when the connector is in an engaged state (e.g., with the sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d compressed inward). The pawls 2025 can be similar to other embodiments disclosed herein. The pawls 2025 can extend outward from the connection point of the housing portion 2010c (e.g., from outside the lumen that forms part of the fluid path 2008). The pawls 2025 can be curved such that an end portion of the pawl 2025 extends approximately tangent to a curve along the path of motion of the rotating pawl 2025. The pawls 2025 can have an engagement surface and a sliding surface, similar to other embodiments described herein. The normal to the engagement surface may extend approximately tangent to the curve along the path of motion of the engagement surface as the pawl 2025 rotates relative to the housing 2010, or may vary from the tangent direction by about 20 degrees, about 15 degrees, about 10 degrees, about 5 degrees, about 3 degrees, about 2 degrees, about 1 degree, or less, or any range or value therebetween, although other configurations may be used.

[0148] When the connector 2002 is in the engaged configuration, rotation of the third housing portion 2010c in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise in FIG. 66 ) relative to the second housing portion 2010b can cause the engagement surfaces of one or more pawls 2025 to abut against the engagement surfaces of one or more protrusions 2037, preventing further rotation of the third housing portion 2010c in the tightening direction relative to the second housing portion 2010b. In that configuration, further rotation of the third housing portion 2010c causes the second housing portion 2010b to rotate with the third housing portion 2010c. This configuration may allow a user to attach another connector to the proximal end portion 2014 by holding the housing 2010 while twisting the other connector in the tightening direction, as described herein.

[0149] When the connector 2002 is in the engaged configuration, rotation of the third housing portion 2010c in the loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise as illustrated) relative to the second housing portion 2010b can cause the pawls 2025 to contact the protrusions and deflect the pawls 2025, allowing the pawls 2025 to rotate past the corresponding protrusions 2037. For example, the pawls 2025 can have sliding surfaces configured to contact and slide along the protrusions 2037 when the proximal end portion 2014 rotates in the loosening direction. The pawls 2025 can be deflected (e.g., inward) when the sliding surfaces of the pawls 2025 engage the protrusions 2037. When the pawls 2025 rotate past the protrusions 2037, the pawls 2025 can return to a default or undeflected position (e.g., shown in FIG. 65 ). The force that causes one or more of the pawls 2025 to deform and rotate past the one or more protrusions 2037 may be less than the force that would detach another connector coupled to the proximal end portion 2014 (e.g., to a female luer). Thus, if a user holds the first housing portion 2010a or the second housing portion 2010b and rotates the other connector in a loosening direction, the third housing portion 2010c will simply rotate with the other connector in the loosening direction relative to the second housing portion 2010b, thereby preventing disengagement of the other connector from the proximal end portion 2014. Thus, the connector 2002 may be configured to prevent decoupling of another connector from the proximal end portion even when the connector 2002 is in an engaged configuration.

[0150] The distance that sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d can be compressed inward can be limited by a stopper, as in other embodiments disclosed herein. For example, when second sidewall section 2030b is compressed inward, a first end of second sidewall section 2030b can abut a first end of first sidewall section 2030a and / or a second end of second sidewall section 2030b can abut a first end of third sidewall section 2030c. When fourth sidewall section 2030d is compressed inward, a first end of fourth sidewall section 2030d can abut a second end of first sidewall section 2030a and / or a second end of fourth sidewall section 2030d can abut a second end of third sidewall section 2030c. Displacing one or more sidewall sections 2030a-2030d into the engaged configuration can collapse one or more corresponding gaps 2096. The size of the corresponding gaps 2096 can set the displacement distance that one or more sidewall sections 2030a-2030d can be displaced. When one or more corresponding gaps 2096 are collapsed, one or more sidewall sections 2030a-2030d can be prevented from being further displaced inward (e.g., even if additional packing force is applied).

[0151] The stopper can prevent the protrusion 2037 from being displaced inward too far, thereby blocking the pawl 2025 and the third housing portion 2010c from rotating in the loosening direction relative to the second housing 2010b. For example, when the side wall sections 2030b and 2030d are compressed inward until they abut the other side wall sections 2030a and 2030c, the protrusion 2037 can displace the pawl 2025 inward to allow the proximal end portion 2014 to rotate in the loosening direction (e.g., counterclockwise in FIG. 66 ) and can be positioned to engage the pawl 2025 to prevent rotation of the proximal end portion 2014 in the tightening direction (e.g., clockwise in FIG. 66 ).

[0152] When connector 2002 is in a detached configuration (e.g., as shown in FIG. 66 ), one or more protrusions 2037 can be positioned such that they do not engage or contact pawl 2025 when third housing portion 2010c rotates relative to second housing portion 2010b. In the detached state, connector 2002 can allow third housing portion 2010c (e.g., female luer connection or proximal end 2014) to spin freely in both directions relative to second housing portion 2010b. This feature can be beneficial in avoiding kinking or tangling of a fluid line coupled to connector 2002. This feature can be beneficial in avoiding unintentional disengagement of connector 2002 from another connector. The threshold force for rotating the third housing portion 2010c in the loosening direction may be lower when the connector 2002 is in the disengaged state compared to when the connector 2002 is in the engaged state, even though both states may allow rotation of the third housing portion 2010c in the loosening direction relative to the housing. This is because when the connector 2002 is in the disengaged state, the pawl 2025 does not contact the protrusion 2037 as the third housing portion 2010c rotates relative to the second housing portion 2010b, whereas when the connector 2002 is in the engaged state, the pawl 2025 is deflected by the protrusion 2037, allowing rotation of the third housing portion 2010c in the loosening direction. In some embodiments, the rotation mechanism 2012 may have a free-spinning configuration (e.g., when in the disengaged configuration) that allows rotation of the third housing portion 2010c in both directions relative to the second housing portion 2010b and / or the distal end 2004.

[0153] Connector 2002 may include one or more buttons (e.g., sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d) that, when depressed by a user, can transition connector 2002 from a disengaged state to an engaged state. When a user connects a mating connector to a female luer, the user can press the button and begin threading the mating connector onto the female luer, which can cause the female luer (and the remainder of third housing portion 2010c) to rotate in a tightening direction (e.g., clockwise). Pawl 2025 can engage protrusion 2037 and prevent further rotation of third housing portion 2010c relative to second housing portion 2010b. The user can then continue threading (e.g., while holding second housing portion 2010b and pressing the button) the mating connector until it engages with the female luer. When the user releases the buttons (e.g., 2030b and 2030d), the connector 2002 transitions to a disengaged state, which allows the third housing portion 2010c (and female luer) to rotate freely in either direction relative to the second housing portion 2010b and can prevent the mating connector from disengaging from the female luer (e.g., even if the user holds the second housing portion 2010b and rotates the mating connector in the loosening direction). The connector 2002 can transition between the engaged and disengaged states without axial movement of any component of the connector 2002. The connector 2002 can transition between the engaged and disengaged states by radial movement of a portion of the housing 2010 (e.g., second housing portion 2010b). The connector 2002 can transition between the engaged and disengaged states by deformation of a portion of the housing 2010 (e.g., one or both of sidewall sections 2030b and 2030d). Engaging features (eg, pawls 2025 and protrusions 2037) to prevent rotation in the tightening direction may be disposed inside the connector 2002, such as within an interior chamber defined by the second housing portion 2010b.

[0154] Figure 67 shows a cross section of one exemplary embodiment of a connector 2002 having a single-state rotation mechanism 2012, which may be similar to the engaged state of the embodiment of Figure 66. The rotation mechanism 2012 may be configured to allow rotation of the proximal end 2014 in a first direction (e.g., counterclockwise) and prevent rotation of the proximal end 2014 in a second direction (e.g., clockwise). The user does not need to hold the button down while coupling the mating connector to the female luer.

[0155] In some embodiments, a connector 2020 similar to those disclosed in other embodiments herein can be integrated into other medical devices, such as a syringe, vial adapter, or bag spike. For example, the third housing portion 2010c can be an integral part of the other medical device. FIG. 72 shows the connector 2002 coupled to the body of a syringe 2093. The syringe can have a plunger 2095. The syringe body 2093 can be integrally formed with or coupled to the third housing portion 2010c. In FIG. 72, the connector 2002 uses a strap biasing member 2079. FIG. 73 shows a similar connector coupled to the syringe body 2093, where the connector 2002 has a spring biasing member 2079. In some embodiments, the connector 2002 of FIG. 72 and / or FIG. 73 can include a button 2030b, 2030d, or other actuator for transitioning the connector 2002 from a disengaged state to an engaged state. In some embodiments, a connector can have a single state, as described herein.

[0156] The housing 2010 (e.g., housing portions 2010a-2010c), valve member 2065, and actuation arm 2073 may be made from a substantially rigid material such as polycarbonate plastic, although various other polymers and other materials can be used. The strap biasing member 2079 and seal members 2069 and 2067 may be made from a resilient or flexible material such as silicone, rubber, or the like. The connector 2002 has a biasing member 2079 for biasing the valve 2065 to the closed position, which biasing member may be separate from the structure that transitions the connector 2002 between the engaged and disengaged states. For example, when the strap 2085 is stretched or the spring is compressed, it does not apply a force to the housing portions 2030b and 2030d, which move to transition between the engaged and disengaged states. As housing portions 2030b and 2030d move between the engaged and disengaged states, it does not apply a force to biasing member 2079 or valve member 2065.

[0157] Various alternative forms and combinations of the disclosed features may be used, and the proportions and ratios of the sizes of the various components, edges, and surfaces shown in the figures are intended to form part of this disclosure even when not specifically described.

[0158] Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and claims, the words "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," and similar phrases should be construed in an inclusive sense, i.e., "including but not limited to," as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense. As generally used herein, the words "coupled" or "connected" refer to two or more elements that may be either directly connected or connected using one or more intermediate elements. Additionally, the words "herein," "on," "below," and similar phrases, when used in this application, shall refer to this application as a whole and not to any particular portions of this application. Where the context permits, words in the "Detailed Description" using the singular or plural may also include the plural or singular, respectively. The term "or" when used in reference to a list of two or more items is intended to cover all interpretations of the term: any of the items in the list, all of the items in the list, and any combination of the items in the list. All numerical values ​​presented herein are intended to include similar values ​​within the limits of measurement error.

[0159] While the present disclosure includes several embodiments and examples, those skilled in the art will recognize that the scope extends beyond the specifically disclosed embodiments to other alternative embodiments and / or applications, as well as obvious modifications and equivalents thereof. In addition, while several variations of these embodiments have been shown and described in detail, other modifications will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art based on this disclosure. It is also contemplated that various combinations or subcombinations of the specific features and aspects of these embodiments may be made and fall within the scope of the present disclosure. It will be understood that various features and aspects of the disclosed embodiments can be combined with or substituted for one another to form various forms of embodiments. The methods disclosed herein need not be performed in the order described. Therefore, it is not intended that the scope be limited by the specific embodiments described above.

[0160] Conditional phrases such as "may," "could," "could," or "might," among others, are intended to generally convey that some embodiments include certain features, elements, and / or steps, while other embodiments do not, unless otherwise specified or should be understood otherwise within the context in which they are used. Thus, such conditional phrases are not intended to imply that the features, elements, and / or steps are in any way required for one or more embodiments, or that one or more embodiments necessarily include logic for determining whether those features, elements, and / or steps are included in or should be performed in a particular embodiment, with or without user input or prompting. Any headings used herein are for the convenience of the reader and are not intended to limit the scope.

[0161] Furthermore, while the devices, systems, and methods described herein are susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific examples are shown in the drawings and described in detail herein. However, it should be understood that the disclosure should not be limited to the particular forms or methods disclosed; rather, the disclosure covers all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the various implementations described. Furthermore, the disclosure herein of particular features, aspects, methods, properties, characteristics, qualities, attributes, elements, or the like in conjunction with an implementation or embodiment may be used in all other implementations or embodiments described herein. The methods disclosed herein need not be performed in the order described. While the methods disclosed herein may include some specific actions performed by a person skilled in the art, the methods may also include any third-party direction of those actions, either explicitly or implicitly.

[0162] Ranges disclosed herein encompass all overlaps, subranges, and combinations thereof. Words such as "up to," "at least," "more than," "less than," "between (or from)," and the like are inclusive of the recited numbers. Numbers preceded by words such as "about" or "approximately" are inclusive of the recited number and should be interpreted in accordance with the context (e.g., as precisely as reasonably possible under the circumstances, e.g., ±5%, ±10%, ±15%, etc.). For example, "about 3.5 mm" includes "3.5 mm." Phrases preceded by words such as "substantially" are inclusive of the recited number and should be interpreted in accordance with the context (e.g., as closely as reasonably possible under the circumstances). For example, "substantially constant" includes "constant." Unless otherwise specified, all measurements are taken under standard conditions, including ambient temperature and pressure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0163] 112 second end 116 Valve member 118 Elastic member 122 Male lure tip 123 Male housing 132 First Cap Component 202 Protrusion 280 first fluid conduit 400 Connector 440 Male Housing 1100, 2100, 3100, 8100, 9100 Connectors 1123, 2123, 3123, 8123, 9123 Male housing 1132, 8132, 9132 First Cap Component 1400, 2400, 8400 Connectors 1420 First Cap Component 1440, 8440 female housing 2002 Connector 2004 Distal end 2006 Closure System 2008 Fluid Path 2010 Housing 2010a First or distal housing portion 2010b Second or central housing portion 2010c Third or proximal housing portion 2011 Ridge 2012 Rotation Mechanism 2013 Gap 2014 Proximal end part 2015 Tab 2016 Distal portion 2017 Groove 2018 Proximal part 2019 Nails 2020 Female Lure 2022 male thread 2023 Gap 2024 flange 2025 Nails 2026 Lumen 2027 Protrusion 2029 Ridge 2030 Side wall that is approximately cylindrical 2030a, 2030b, 2030c, 2030d Sidewall Sections 2031 Notch or groove 2032 flange 2033 Tab 2034 Opening 2036 teeth 2037 Protrusion 2039 steps 2040 Engagement member 2042 teeth 2044 inner ring 2045 Main body part 2046 outer ring 2047 Nails 2048 gap 2049 connection points 2050 Support 2051 Arm 2052 Keyed Opening 2053 Protrusion 2054 Key groove part 2055 Slots 2056 Main body part 2057 Recesses or openings 2058 Arm 2059 Raised or protruding parts 2060 Joint 2061 Channel 2062 Stopper surface 2063 Proximal wall 2064 depression 2065 Valve member 2066 Ridge 2067 Sealing material 2068 Outward-facing claws 2069 Sealing material 2070 Inward-facing claws 2071 Gap 2072 Key groove part 2073 Actuator Arm 2074 Key groove part 2075 base 2076 teeth 2078 Proximal body part 2079 Spring biasing member 2080 nails 2081 First fixed part or ring 2082 Nail 2083 Second fixed part or ring 2084 Engagement Features 2085 Elastic parts or straps 2086 Engagement Surface 2087 Groove 2088 Sliding Surface 2089 Slots 2090 Protrusion 2091 Opening 2092 depression 2093 Syringe 2094 biasing member 2095 Internal teeth, plunger 2096 Gap 2097 Outer teeth 2098 Nails 2099 Opening

Claims

1. A medical connector, a housing including first, second, third, and fourth sidewall sections, the second and fourth sidewall sections including inwardly extending protrusions, the second and fourth sidewall sections configured to be compressed inwardly toward one another when an external force is applied to transition the medical connector from a detached state to an engaged state, and the second and fourth sidewall sections configured to automatically move outwardly away from one another when the external force is removed to transition the medical connector from the engaged state to the detached state; a proximal end portion comprising a connection joint configured to couple to another connector by rotating the other connector relative to the proximal end portion in a tightening direction, the proximal end portion comprising protrusions configured to engage with protrusions on the second and fourth side wall sections of the housing when the medical connector is in the engaged state and to prevent rotation of the proximal end portion relative to the housing in the tightening direction to facilitate coupling between the other connector and the proximal end portion, the protrusions on the proximal end portion being configured not to engage with the protrusions on the second and fourth side wall sections of the housing when the medical connector is in the detached state, thereby allowing the proximal end portion to rotate relative to the housing in the tightening direction and in a loosening direction opposite to the tightening direction.

2. 2. The medical connector of claim 1, configured to allow rotation of the proximal end portion relative to the housing in the loosening direction when the medical connector is in the engaged state to prevent disengagement of the other connector from the proximal end portion.

3. 3. The medical connector of claim 1, wherein the protrusion on the proximal end portion and / or the protrusion on the housing are configured to deform when the medical connector is in the engaged state, allowing the proximal end portion to rotate relative to the housing in the loosening direction.

4. 4. A medical connector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein either the protrusion on the proximal end portion or the protrusion on the housing comprises a claw configured to bend when the medical connector is in the engaged state to allow the protrusion on the proximal end portion to rotate past the protrusion on the distal end portion in the loosening direction.

5. A medical connector as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, configured so that when the medical connector is in the engaged state, rotating the proximal end portion relative to the housing in the loosening direction with a force less than a detachment threshold for loosening or removing the attached other connector from the proximal end portion causes the protrusion on the proximal end portion to rotate past the protrusion on the housing, thereby preventing detachment of the other connector from the proximal end portion.

6. 6. The medical connector of claim 1, wherein the protrusion on the proximal end portion comprises a flexible claw.

7. The medical connector of claim 1 , wherein the protrusions on the second and fourth side wall sections of the housing include flexible tabs.

8. 8. The medical connector of claim 1, wherein the first and third side wall sections define stop surfaces that limit the distance that the second and fourth side wall sections can be squeezed inward toward each other.

9. 9. A medical connector according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first and third side wall sections are positioned to abut against the second and fourth side wall sections when the medical connector is in an engaged state, limiting engagement between the protrusions, thereby allowing the proximal end portion to rotate in the loosening direction relative to the housing.

10. 10. The medical connector according to claim 1, wherein the connection joint on the proximal end portion is a luer lock joint.

11. 11. The medical connector according to claim 1, wherein the connection joint on the proximal end portion is a female luer lock joint.

12. 12. The medical connector according to claim 1, wherein the proximal end portion does not move axially relative to the housing.

13. 13. The medical connector of claim 1, wherein a gap separates the first, second, third, and fourth sidewall sections.

14. 14. The medical connector according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion on the housing is configured to be in direct contact with the protrusion on the proximal end portion in the engaged state.

15. 14. The medical connector of claim 1, further comprising an engaging member having one or more inner engaging elements configured to mate with the protrusions on the proximal end portion, the engaging member having one or more outer engaging elements configured to mate with the protrusions on the housing.

16. 16. The medical connector of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the proximal end portion includes a first opening, the housing includes a second opening, and the medical connector has a fluid pathway between the first opening and the second opening.

17. 17. The medical connector of claim 1, further comprising a valve member configured to move between a closed position that closes a fluid pathway and an open position that opens the fluid pathway, the valve member comprising a fluid flow path, and a proximal end of the valve member extending into the proximal end portion.

18. 18. The medical connector of claim 17, comprising a seal member configured to form a fluid seal between an exterior of the valve member and an interior of the proximal end portion.

19. 19. The medical connector of claim 17 or 18, further comprising a biasing member configured to bias the valve member toward the closed position.

20. The biasing member is a first fixed portion coupled to the housing; a second fixed portion coupled to the valve member; and one or more elastic straps connecting the first fixed portion to the second fixed portion; Including, the second fixed portion moves away from the first fixed portion when the valve member moves from the closed position toward the open position, thereby stretching the one or more elastic straps; 20. The medical connector of claim 19.

21. 20. The medical connector of claim 19, wherein the biasing member comprises a spring.

22. A medical connector, a first housing portion having a first opening; a second housing portion having a second opening; a fluid path extending between the first opening and the second opening; a rotation mechanism having a first configuration and a second configuration; Equipped with The first configuration allows rotation of the second housing portion relative to the first housing portion in a first direction and a second direction opposite the first direction, and the second configuration prevents rotation of the second housing portion relative to the first housing portion in the second direction. Medical connectors.

23. 23. The medical connector of claim 22, wherein the rotation mechanism defaults to the first configuration.

24. 24. The medical connector of claim 22 or 23, wherein the second configuration of the rotation mechanism allows rotation of the second housing portion relative to the first housing portion in the first direction and prevents rotation of the second housing portion relative to the first housing portion in the second direction.

25. 25. The medical connector of any one of claims 22 to 24, wherein the second housing portion is configured to couple to a medical device upon rotation of the medical device in the second direction.

26. 26. The medical connector of claim 22, wherein the rotation mechanism is configured to transition between the first configuration and the second configuration without axial movement of the second housing portion relative to the first housing portion.

27. 27. The medical connector of any one of claims 22 to 26, wherein the rotation mechanism includes one or more engaging elements on the first housing portion configured to engage with engaging elements on the second housing portion when the rotation mechanism is in the second configuration so that the second housing portion is prevented from rotating relative to the first housing portion in the second direction.

28. 28. The medical connector of claim 27, wherein the one or more engaging elements on the first housing portion or the one or more engaging elements on the second housing portion are configured to flex when the rotation mechanism is in the second configuration to allow the one or more engaging elements on the second housing portion to rotate in the first direction past the one or more engaging elements on the first housing portion.

29. 29. The medical connector of claim 27 or 28, wherein the one or more engaging elements on the first housing portion are configured to directly contact the one or more engaging elements on the second housing portion when the rotation mechanism is in the second configuration.

30. 30. The medical connector of claim 29, wherein the one or more engaging elements on the second housing portion are configured to rotate without contacting the one or more engaging elements on the first housing portion when the rotation mechanism is in the first configuration.

31. 29. The medical connector of claim 27 or 28, wherein the rotation mechanism includes an engaging member having one or more inner engaging elements configured to mate with the one or more engaging elements on the second housing portion, and the engaging member has one or more outer engaging elements configured to mate with the one or more engaging elements on the first housing portion.

32. 32. The medical connector of claim 31, wherein the engaging member includes a body portion having a substantially circular shape.

33. 33. The medical connector of claim 32, wherein the engagement member is configured to be deformed out of the substantially circular shape when the rotation mechanism is in the second configuration.

34. 35. The medical connector of any one of claims 27 to 34, wherein the first housing portion includes one or more movable sections that can be actuated by a user to move the one or more engaging elements on the first housing portion toward the one or more engaging elements on the second housing portion to transition the rotation mechanism to the second configuration.

35. 36. The medical connector of claim 35, wherein the first housing portion includes at least one stopper for limiting the distance over which the one or more movable sections may be actuated.

36. 23. The medical connector of claim 22, wherein the second configuration of the rotation mechanism prevents rotation of the second housing portion relative to the first housing portion in the first direction and the second direction.

37. 37. The medical connector of claim 22, wherein the second housing portion moves axially relative to the first housing portion to transition the rotation mechanism between the first configuration and the second configuration.

38. 38. The medical connector of claim 37, comprising a biasing member configured to bias the first housing portion toward an axial position that produces the first configuration of the rotation mechanism.

39. 39. The medical connector of any one of claims 22, 37, or 38, wherein the first housing portion includes one or more protrusions or recesses that engage with one or more corresponding recesses or protrusions on the second housing portion when the rotation mechanism is in the second configuration, and the one or more protrusions or recesses are disengaged from the one or more corresponding recesses or protrusions when the rotation mechanism is in the first configuration.

40. 40. The medical connector of any one of claims 22 to 39, comprising a valve having a closed configuration that closes the fluid pathway and an open configuration that opens the fluid pathway.

41. 41. The medical connector of claim 40, wherein the valve member comprises a fluid flow path, the connector includes a first seal member configured to form a fluid seal between an exterior of the valve member and the first housing portion of the connector, and the connector includes a second seal member configured to form a fluid seal between an exterior of the valve member and the second housing portion of the connector.

42. 42. The medical connector of claim 40 or 41, comprising a biasing member configured to bias the valve into the closed configuration.

43. The biasing member is a first fixed portion coupled to the first housing portion of the connector; a second stationary portion coupled to the valve; and one or more elastic straps connecting the first fixed portion to the second fixed portion; 42. The medical connector of claim 41, comprising:

44. 44. The medical connector of any one of claims 22 to 43, wherein the first housing portion is configured to connect to a first medical device, the second housing portion is configured to connect to a second medical device, and the medical connector is configured to transfer fluid between the first medical device and the second medical device.

45. 45. The medical connector of any one of claims 22 to 44, wherein the second housing portion includes a luer lock fitting.

46. 46. ​​The medical connector of any one of claims 22 to 45, wherein the first housing portion includes a luer lock fitting.

47. 45. The medical connector of any one of claims 22 to 44, wherein the second housing portion includes a female luer lock fitting and the first housing portion includes a male luer lock fitting.

48. 1. A medical fluid transfer device comprising: a threaded connection fitting configured to couple to a medical device by rotation of the medical device in a tightening direction relative to the threaded connection fitting, the threaded connection fitting comprising one or more first engagement features; a fluid pathway for transporting fluid through the device; a housing including at least one movable section with one or more second engagement features, the movable section having an engagement configuration and a disengagement configuration; the engagement arrangement has one or more second engagement features positioned to engage with the one or more first engagement features to prevent rotation of the threaded connection fitting relative to the housing in the tightening direction and facilitate coupling of the medical device to the threaded connection fitting, and the engagement arrangement allows rotation of the threaded connection fitting relative to the housing in a loosening direction to prevent unintentional disengagement of the medical device from the threaded connection fitting; The disengagement configuration positions the second engagement feature so that it can be disengaged from the first engagement feature and the threaded connection coupling can rotate relative to the housing in the tightening direction and the loosening direction.

49. 49. The device of claim 48, wherein the one or more first engagement features or the one or more second engagement features are configured to flex to allow the first engagement feature to rotate past the second engagement feature in the loosening direction.

50. 50. The device of claim 49, wherein the one or more first engagement features or the one or more second engagement features are configured to flex radially.

51. 51. A device as claimed in any one of claims 48 to 50, wherein the threaded connection joint is locked against axial movement relative to the housing.

52. 52. The device of any one of claims 48 to 51, wherein the movable section of the housing is configured to move radially to transition between the engaged and disengaged configurations.

53. 53. The device of any one of claims 48 to 52, wherein the movable section of the housing is biased towards the detached configuration.

54. 54. A device according to any one of claims 48 to 53, wherein a stopper limits the distance that the movable section of the housing may be moved.

55. 55. A device according to any one of claims 48 to 54, wherein the at least one movable section comprises two opposing sidewall sections configured to be brought together to transition into the engaged configuration.

56. 17. The medical connector of claim 1, comprising a valve member configured to move between a closed position that closes the fluid pathway and an open position that opens the fluid pathway.

57. 57. The medical connector of claim 56, wherein the valve member comprises a fluid flow path having an opening at an end of the valve member, the end of the valve member being disposed inside the threaded connection fitting.

58. 58. The medical connector of claim 57, comprising a seal member configured to form a fluid seal between an exterior of the valve member and an interior of the threaded connection coupling.

59. 59. The medical connector of any one of claims 56 to 58, further comprising a biasing member configured to bias the valve member toward the closed position.

60. The biasing member is a first fixed portion coupled to the housing; a second fixed portion coupled to the valve member; and one or more elastic straps connecting the first fixed portion to the second fixed portion; Including, the second fixed portion moves away from the first fixed portion when the valve member moves from the closed position toward the open position, thereby stretching the one or more elastic straps; 60. The medical connector of claim 59.

61. A medical connector, a first housing portion having a first opening; a second housing portion having a second opening; a fluid path extending between the first opening and the second opening; a rotation mechanism that allows rotation of the second housing portion relative to the first housing portion; A medical connector comprising:

62. A medical connector, a first housing portion having a hollow protrusion, the first housing portion defining an interior volume; a second housing portion partially disposed within the interior volume of the first housing portion, the second housing portion coupled to the first housing portion thereby allowing the second housing portion to rotate relative to the first housing portion in at least a first direction; a valve member including a fluid flow passage having a first end disposed within the hollow projection and a second end disposed within the second housing portion, the valve member being movable between a closed configuration and an open configuration; a biasing member configured to bias the valve member toward the closed configuration; medical connectors, including:

63. 63. The medical connector of claim 61 or 62, wherein the first housing portion includes a male luer.

64. 64. The medical connector of any one of claims 61 to 63, wherein the second housing portion includes a female luer.

65. 65. The medical connector of any one of claims 61 to 64, wherein the second housing portion comprises a syringe body portion, a vial adapter body portion, or a bag spike body portion.

66. 66. The medical connector of any one of claims 61 to 65, comprising a seal member configured to form a fluid seal between an exterior of the valve member and an interior of the second housing portion.

67. 67. The medical connector of any one of claims 61 to 66, comprising a seal member configured to form a fluid seal between an exterior of the valve member and an interior of the first housing portion.

68. 68. The medical connector of any one of claims 61 to 67, configured to allow the second housing portion to rotate relative to the first housing portion in a second direction opposite the first direction.

69. 69. The medical connector of any one of claims 61 to 68, configured to prevent rotation of the second housing portion relative to the first housing portion in a second direction opposite the first direction.

70. 70. The medical connector of any one of claims 61 to 69, wherein the connector has a first configuration in which the second housing portion is permitted to rotate relative to the first housing portion in both the first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction, and the connector has a second configuration in which the second housing portion is permitted to rotate relative to the first housing portion in the first direction and is prevented from rotating relative to the first housing portion in the second direction.

71. 71. The medical connector of any one of claims 61 to 70, wherein the second housing portion is configured to couple to a medical device upon rotation of the medical device in the second direction.

72. 72. The medical connector of any one of claims 61 to 71, further comprising a biasing member configured to bias the valve member toward the closed position.

73. The biasing member is a first fixed portion coupled to the housing; a second fixed portion coupled to the valve member; and one or more elastic straps connecting the first fixed portion to the second fixed portion; Including, the second fixed portion moves away from the first fixed portion when the valve member moves from the closed position toward the open position, thereby stretching the one or more elastic straps; 73. The medical connector of claim 72.

74. 74. The medical connector of any one of claims 22 to 73, wherein the second housing portion extends longitudinally from the first housing portion a distance of between about 3 mm and about 9 mm.

75. 75. The medical connector of any one of claims 22 to 74, wherein a first part of the second housing portion is received within the first housing portion, a second part of the second housing portion extends outward from the first housing portion, the second part of the second housing portion includes a female luer lock having male threads, and the second housing portion has no protrusions other than the male threads of the female luer lock.

76. 76. The medical connector of any one of claims 22 to 75, wherein when the standard male luer lock connector is coupled to the second housing portion, the standard male luer lock connector is separated from the first housing portion by a gap of less than 7 mm.

77. 77. The medical connector of claim 76, wherein the gap is between about 1 mm and about 3 mm.

78. 78. The medical connector of any one of claims 22 to 77, wherein the structure that prevents rotation of the second housing portion relative to the first housing portion is disposed inside the first housing portion.

Images