Monitoring system, gasification facility including the same, monitoring method, and monitoring program

Abstract

To provide a monitoring system capable of measuring the concentration of hydrocarbons in a generated gas and determining whether or not dust is leaking from a dust collector with a simple configuration, and to provide a gasification facility including the monitoring system, a monitoring method, and a monitoring program.SOLUTION: A monitoring system 200 for a gasification facility including a dust collection device that collects soot and dust in a produced gas obtained by gasifying a carbon-containing fuel, the monitoring system including an ultraviolet light source 220 that irradiates the produced gas with ultraviolet light on a downstream side of the dust collection device in a direction in which the produced gas flows, a fluorescence detection unit 240 that detects fluorescence intensity caused by hydrocarbons in the produced gas, and a control device 250 that measures a concentration of the hydrocarbons in the produced gas on the basis of the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detection unit 240 and determines whether or not soot and dust are leaking from the dust collection device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a monitoring system, a gasification facility equipped with the same, a monitoring method, and a monitoring program. [Background technology]

[0002] In gasification facilities using carbon-containing fuels, the operating conditions of gasification facilities can fluctuate significantly due to hydrocarbons in the generated gas, particularly PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons), when starting up the gasification facility, switching the fuel supplied to the gasification furnace, switching fuel lots, etc. To deal with such cases, it is necessary to accurately understand the trends in PAH concentrations by quickly and continuously measuring the PAH concentrations in the generated gas.

[0003] Furthermore, in gasification facilities that use carbon-containing fuels, if a dust leak occurs due to filter damage in the dust collector, the gasification facility's piping system may become clogged, making it difficult to continue operation. Furthermore, the cost of restoring equipment that has been contaminated by the dust is enormous. To deal with such cases, it is necessary to quickly and continuously measure the dust in the generated gas in order to detect dust leakage early.

[0004] Thus, in order to continue stable operation of gasification facilities that use carbon-containing fuels, a system is required that can quickly and continuously measure the PAHs concentration in the generated gas and determine whether there is a dust leak due to filter damage in the dust collection device, etc.

[0005] To address this issue, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses measuring the PAHs concentration in the generated gas using a fluorescence method. Patent Document 1 also discloses detecting dust leakage using the Mie scattering method to check whether or not the filter of a dust collector has been damaged after gasification of a carbon-containing fuel. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 4160866 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0007] In order to measure PAHs in the produced gas using the fluorescence method, it is necessary to set the wavelength of the light (irradiation light) irradiated onto the produced gas to the electronic excitation wavelength of the PAHs. The electronically excited PAHs emit fluorescence after non-radiative relaxation. Therefore, the fluorescence wavelength of PAHs is longer than the electronic excitation wavelength (wavelength of the irradiation light) of PAHs. Therefore, by setting the irradiation light wavelength and fluorescence wavelength of PAHs, highly selective measurement of PAHs is possible.

[0008] When measuring particulate matter in generated gas using the Mie scattering method, the wavelength of the irradiated light and the wavelength of the Mie scattered light are the same. This is also true for measuring particulate matter in generated gas using the transmission method, where the wavelength of the irradiated light and the wavelength of the transmitted light are the same.

[0009] For this reason, even if the wavelength of the irradiated light in the fluorescence measurement of PAHs in the produced gas is the same as the wavelength of the irradiated light in the Mie scattered light measurement and transmitted light measurement of the particulate matter in the produced gas, the fluorescence wavelength of the PAHs in the produced gas differs from the wavelength of the Mie scattered light or transmitted light of the particulate matter in the produced gas. In other words, when the wavelength of the irradiated light in the fluorescence measurement of PAHs in the produced gas is the same as the wavelength of the irradiated light in the Mie scattered light measurement or transmitted light measurement of the particulate matter in the produced gas, it becomes difficult to detect the Mie scattered light or transmitted light of the particulate matter in the produced gas with a photodetector that detects only the fluorescence wavelength of PAHs in the produced gas. In other words, it is difficult to measure the fluorescence of PAHs in the produced gas and detect particulate matter leaks due to filter damage in the dust collector using the same light source (same irradiation wavelength) and the same photodetector.

[0010] As a countermeasure, if it were possible to take advantage of the different wavelengths of the Mie scattered light or transmitted light from the dust and the fluorescence of PAHs in the produced gas and detect these two lights by wavelength separation (obtaining a wavelength spectrum), it would be possible to measure both the fluorescence of PAHs in the produced gas and the Mie scattered light of the dust in the produced gas using the same photodetector. However, the intensity of the Mie scattered light from the dust in the produced gas is stronger than the fluorescence intensity of the PAHs in the produced gas. Furthermore, stray light from the ultraviolet light source is also detected as noise light, which superimposes the noise light on the fluorescence wavelength range of the PAHs, degrading the quantitative accuracy of PAH measurement. The influence of this noise light can be suppressed by installing a spectrometer with high wavelength resolution, but such spectrometers are generally large and require highly precise optical axis adjustment, making them unsuitable for measurements in outdoor environments such as gasification plants.

[0011] For this reason, it was not possible to measure the fluorescence of PAHs in the generated gas and to detect dust leakage due to filter damage in the dust collector using the same light source (same irradiation wavelength) and the same photodetector.

[0012] Patent Document 1 discloses measuring PAHs concentrations in the generated gas, which is the measurement target, using a fluorescence method and detecting dust leakage using a Mie scattering method. In Patent Document 1, the wavelength of the irradiated light used in the fluorescence measurement of PAHs is different from the wavelength of the irradiated light used in the Mie scattered light measurement of the dust in the generated gas. For this reason, two types of irradiated light wavelengths (one for fluorescence and one for Mie scattered light) are required in Patent Document 1. Furthermore, because the fluorescence wavelength and the Mie scattered light wavelength are different, two types of photodetectors (one for fluorescence and one for Mie scattered light) are also required. As the number of parts in the measurement system increases, the specifications of the measurement system become large-scale. Not only is the price of the measurement system high, but the cost of maintaining the measurement system (maintenance of the light source and photodetector or system adjustment (calibration, etc.)) is also high.

[0013] Therefore, if the fluorescence measurement of PAHs in the generated gas and the detection of dust leakage due to filter damage in the dust collector can be performed using the same light source (same irradiation wavelength) and the same photodetector, significant cost benefits can be achieved compared to conventional technologies.

[0014] The present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a monitoring system that can determine the leakage of soot and dust due to filter damage in a dust collector or the like while measuring the concentration of PAHs in the generated gas using a fluorescence method, as well as a gasification facility equipped with the same, a monitoring method, and a monitoring program. [Means for solving the problem]

[0015] A monitoring system according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a monitoring system for a gasification facility equipped with a dust collector that collects soot and dust in a generated gas obtained by gasifying a carbon-containing fuel, and includes an ultraviolet light source that irradiates the generated gas with ultraviolet light downstream of the dust collector in the flow direction of the generated gas, a fluorescence detection unit that detects fluorescence intensity caused by hydrocarbons in the generated gas, and a control device that measures the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas based on the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detection unit and determines whether soot and dust is leaking from the dust collector.

[0016] A monitoring method according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a monitoring method applied to a gasification facility equipped with a dust collector that collects soot and dust in a generated gas obtained by gasifying a carbon-containing fuel, and includes an irradiation step of irradiating the generated gas with ultraviolet light downstream of the dust collector in the flow direction of the generated gas, a fluorescence detection step of detecting fluorescence intensity caused by hydrocarbons in the generated gas, and a determination step of measuring the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas based on the fluorescence intensity detected in the fluorescence detection step and determining whether soot and dust is leaking from the dust collector.

[0017] A monitoring program according to an aspect of the present disclosure causes a computer to function as the monitoring system. [Effects of the Invention]

[0018] According to the present disclosure, with a simple configuration, it is possible to determine whether or not soot and dust in the generated gas is leaking from the dust collector while measuring the concentration of PAHs in the generated gas. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0019] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a gasification facility according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] 1 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] This is a fluorescence spectrum in fluorescence measurement. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware configuration of a control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a functional configuration diagram illustrating an example of functions of a control device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring system according to a second embodiment. [Figure 7] 10 is a graph illustrating the time course of fluorescence intensity and light transmittance. [Figure 8] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a configuration of a dust collecting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] Hereinafter, several embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments, and when there are multiple embodiments, the present disclosure also includes configurations that combine the embodiments. In the following description, "up" and "upper" refer to the upper side in the vertical direction, and "lower" and "lower" refer to the lower side in the vertical direction, and the vertical direction is not precise and may include errors.

[0021] [First embodiment] FIG. 1 is an illustration of a gasification facility according to one embodiment. [About the gasification facility] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present disclosure will now be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a gasification facility 10 to which a monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is applied. In the following explanation, "upper" refers to the vertically upward direction, and "upper" in terms such as upper part and upper surface refers to the vertically upward part. Similarly, "lower" refers to the vertically downward part, and the vertical direction is not precise and may include errors.

[0022] The gasification facility (gasification combined cycle power generation facility) 10 to which the monitoring system according to this embodiment is applied employs an air combustion system in which combustible gas (produced gas) is produced from a carbon-containing fuel using air as the main oxidizing agent in a gasification furnace 101. The produced gas produced in the gasification furnace 101 is refined in a gas refinement facility 16 to produce fuel gas, which is then supplied to a gas turbine 17 to generate power. Although the gasifier 101 of this embodiment will be described as an air combustion type (air-blown) gasifier, it may also be an oxygen combustion type (oxygen-blown) gasifier that uses oxygen as the main oxidizing agent. The fuel supplied to the gasifier 101 may be, for example, a carbon-containing fuel such as woody biomass fuel or coal.

[0023] As shown in FIG. 1, the gasification facility 10 includes a fuel supply facility 11, a gasification furnace 101, a char recovery facility 15, a gas purification facility 16, a gas turbine 17, a steam turbine 18, a generator 19, and a heat recovery boiler 20.

[0024] The fuel supply equipment 11 produces pulverized fuel by pulverizing a carbon-containing fuel into fine particles using a mill (not shown) or the like. The pulverized fuel produced by the fuel supply equipment 11 is pressurized at the outlet of the fuel supply line 11a with nitrogen gas as an inert gas for transportation supplied from an air separation equipment 42 (described later), and is supplied to the gasifier 101. The inert gas is an inert gas with an oxygen content of approximately 5% by volume or less, and typical examples include nitrogen gas, carbon dioxide gas, and argon gas, but is not necessarily limited to approximately 5% by volume or less.

[0025] The gasification furnace 101 is supplied with pulverized fuel produced by the fuel supply equipment 11, and also with char (unreacted pulverized fuel and ash) recovered by the char recovery equipment 15 for reuse as energy.

[0026] In addition, a compressed air supply line 41 extending from the gas turbine 17 (compressor 61) is connected to the gasifier 101, and a portion of the compressed air compressed by the gas turbine 17 is boosted to a predetermined pressure by a booster 68 so that it can be supplied to the gasifier 101. The air separation equipment 42 separates and generates nitrogen and oxygen from atmospheric air, and a first nitrogen supply line 43 connects the air separation equipment 42 to a fuel supply line 11a extending from the fuel supply equipment 11, and the first nitrogen supply line 43 connects the air separation equipment 42 to the fuel supply line 11a, which is then connected to the gasifier 101 as the fuel supply line 12. In addition, a second nitrogen supply line 45 branching off from the first nitrogen supply line 43 is connected to a char return line 46 extending from the char recovery equipment 15, and the second nitrogen supply line 45 is then connected to the gasifier 101 as the char supply line 13. Furthermore, the air separation equipment 42 is connected to the compressed air supply line 41 by an oxygen supply line 47. The nitrogen separated by the air separation equipment 42 is used as a carrier gas for pulverized fuel and char by flowing through a first nitrogen supply line 43 and a second nitrogen supply line 45. The oxygen separated by the air separation equipment 42 is used as an oxidizing agent (air, oxygen) in the gasification furnace 101 by flowing through an oxygen supply line 47 and a compressed air supply line 41.

[0027] The gasifier 101 is configured, for example, as a two-stage entrained flow type (a lower combustor (first stage) and an upper reductor (second stage)), and gasifies the pulverized fuel and char supplied therein by partially combusting them with an oxidizing agent (air, oxygen) to produce a generated gas. The gasifier 101 is also provided with a foreign matter removal system 48 that discharges ash and other components in the fuel to the outside. The gasifier 101 is connected to a first generated gas line 49 that supplies the generated gas toward the char recovery system 15, making it possible to discharge the generated gas containing char. In this case, a generated gas cooler (not shown) may be provided in the first generated gas line 49 to cool the generated gas to a predetermined temperature before supplying it to the char recovery system 15.

[0028] The char recovery facility 15 includes a dust collector 51 and a supply hopper 52. In this case, the dust collector 51 is composed of one or more cyclones or porous filters, and is capable of separating char contained in the product gas generated in the gasifier 101. The product gas from which the char has been separated is sent to the gas purification facility 16 through a second product gas line 53. The supply hopper 52 stores the char separated from the product gas by the dust collector 51. Note that a configuration may also be adopted in which a bin is disposed between the dust collector 51 and the supply hopper 52, and multiple supply hoppers 52 are connected to the bin. A char return line 46 from the supply hopper 52 is connected to the second nitrogen supply line 45. The monitoring system 200, which will be described later, preferably extracts the produced gas between the dust collector 51 and the gas purification equipment 16. For example, the monitoring system 200 extracts a portion of the produced gas passing through the second produced gas line 53 and performs the processing described later.

[0029] The gas purification equipment 16 purifies the product gas from which char has been separated by the char recovery equipment 15 by removing impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds. The gas purification equipment 16 then purifies the product gas to produce fuel gas, which is supplied to a gas turbine 17. Note that the product gas from which char has been separated contains sulfur compounds (such as H2S), so the gas purification equipment 16 removes and recovers the sulfur compounds using an amine absorption liquid or the like, and then effectively utilizes the sulfur compounds as gypsum or the like.

[0030] The gas turbine 17 includes a compressor 61, a combustor 62, and a turbine 63, and the compressor 61 and the turbine 63 are connected by a rotary shaft 64. A compressed air supply line 65 from the compressor 61, a fuel gas supply line 66 from the gas purification facility 16, and a combustion gas supply line 67 extending toward the turbine 63 are connected to the combustor 62. The gas turbine 17 is also provided with a compressed air supply line 41 extending from the compressor 61 to the gasifier 101, and a booster 68 is provided midway through the line. Therefore, the combustor 62 generates combustion gas by mixing and burning a portion of the compressed air supplied from the compressor 61 and at least a portion of the fuel gas supplied from the gas purification facility 16, and supplies the generated combustion gas to the turbine 63. The turbine 63 rotates the rotary shaft 64 using the supplied combustion gas, thereby rotating the generator 19.

[0031] The steam turbine 18 includes a turbine 69 connected to the rotary shaft 64 of the gas turbine 17, and the generator 19 is connected to the base end of the rotary shaft 64. Note that the steam turbine 18 and the gas turbine 17 do not have to be on the same shaft to rotate and drive one generator 19, but may be on different shafts to rotate and drive multiple generators. The exhaust heat recovery boiler 20 is connected to an exhaust gas line 70 from the gas turbine 17 (turbine 63), and generates steam by exchanging heat between water supplied to the exhaust heat recovery boiler 20 and the exhaust gas from the turbine 63.

[0032] A steam supply line 71 and a water supply line 72 are provided between the heat recovery boiler 20 and the turbine 69 of the steam turbine 18, and a condenser 73 is provided on the water supply line 72. The steam generated in the heat recovery boiler 20 may include steam generated by heat exchange with the produced gas in a produced gas cooler (not shown) of the gasifier 101. Therefore, in the steam turbine 18, the turbine 69 is rotationally driven by the steam supplied from the heat recovery boiler 20, which rotates the rotary shaft 64 and thereby drives the generator 19. An exhaust gas purification system 74 is provided from the outlet of the heat recovery boiler 20 to the chimney 75.

[0033] Here, the operation of the gasification facility 10 of this embodiment will be described. In the gasification system 10 of this embodiment, when fuel is supplied to the fuel supply system 11, the fuel is pulverized into fine particles in the fuel supply system 11 to become pulverized fuel. The pulverized fuel produced in the fuel supply system 11 is supplied to the gasification furnace 101 through the fuel supply line 12 by nitrogen supplied from the air separation system 42 through the first nitrogen supply line 43.

[0034] Furthermore, char recovered in char recovery equipment 15 (described later) is supplied to gasifier 101 through char supply line 13 by nitrogen supplied from air separation equipment 42 through second nitrogen supply line 45. Furthermore, compressed air extracted from gas turbine 17 (described later) is pressurized by booster 68, and then supplied to gasifier 101 through compressed air supply line 41 together with oxygen supplied from air separation equipment 42.

[0035] In the gasifier 101, the supplied pulverized fuel and char are combusted with compressed air (oxygen) and gasified to generate a generated gas. The generated gas is then discharged from the gasifier 101 through a first generated gas line 49 and sent to the char recovery facility 15.

[0036] In the char recovery facility 15, the produced gas is first supplied to a dust collector 51, whereby fine char contained in the produced gas is separated. The produced gas from which the char has been separated is then sent to the gas purification facility 16 via a second produced gas line 53. Meanwhile, the fine char separated from the produced gas is deposited in a supply hopper 52 and returned to the gasifier 101 via a char return line 46 for recycling.

[0037] The generated gas from which char has been separated in the char recovery facility 15 is purified in the gas purification facility 16 to remove impurities such as sulfur compounds and nitrogen compounds, and fuel gas is produced. A compressor 61 generates compressed air and supplies it to a combustor 62. The combustor 62 generates combustion gas by combusting the compressed air supplied from the compressor 61 and the fuel gas supplied from the gas purification facility 16. The combustion gas drives a turbine 63 to rotate, which drives the compressor 61 and the generator 19 via a rotary shaft 64. In this way, the gas turbine 17 can generate electricity.

[0038] The heat recovery boiler 20 generates steam by exchanging heat between the exhaust gas discharged from a turbine 63 in the gas turbine 17 and water supplied to the heat recovery boiler 20, and supplies the generated steam to the steam turbine 18. In the steam turbine 18, the steam supplied from the heat recovery boiler 20 drives and rotates a turbine 69, which drives and rotates a generator 19 via a rotating shaft 64, thereby generating electricity. Note that the gas turbine 17 and the steam turbine 18 do not have to be on the same shaft and drive and rotate one generator 19, but may be on different shafts and drive and rotate multiple generators.

[0039] Thereafter, in the exhaust gas purification equipment 74, harmful substances in the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust heat recovery boiler 20 are removed, and the purified exhaust gas is released into the atmosphere from a chimney 75.

[0040] [About the monitoring system] The monitoring system 200 shown in FIG. 1 is a monitoring system for a gasification facility 10 including a dust collector 51 that collects soot and dust in a generated gas obtained by gasifying a carbon-containing fuel. The monitoring system 200 irradiates ultraviolet light onto the generated gas extracted from a second generated gas line 53, measures the concentration of PAHs present in the generated gas, and determines whether soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector 51. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the monitoring system 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The monitoring system 200 includes a container 210, an ultraviolet light source 220, a spectroscopic means 230, a fluorescence detector (fluorescence detection unit) 240, a control device 250, and a beam damper 270. If the ultraviolet light output of the ultraviolet light source 220 is unstable, a measuring device (not shown) for measuring the ultraviolet light output of the ultraviolet light source 220 may be installed.

[0041] If there is no dust leakage due to filter damage in the dust collector 51 or the like, the generated gas contains almost no dust, and therefore the monitoring system 200 primarily measures the gaseous PAHs present in the generated gas. Ultraviolet light is irradiated onto the generated gas from the ultraviolet light source 220, causing fluorescence of the PAHs in the generated gas. Spectroscopic means 230 allows only the fluorescence of the PAHs in the generated gas to reach the fluorescence detector 240. The fluorescence detector 240 measures the fluorescence intensity of the PAHs in the generated gas, and the control device 250 measures the concentration of PAHs in the generated gas.

[0042] If a dust leak occurs due to filter damage or other reasons in the dust collector 51, a large amount of dust will leak from the dust collector 51 in a short period of time. Therefore, since a large amount of dust is contained in the generated gas, the monitoring system 200 primarily measures PAHs adsorbed to the dust present in the generated gas. The generated gas is irradiated with ultraviolet light from the ultraviolet light source 220, and fluorescence is generated from PAHs adsorbed to the dust present in the generated gas in addition to fluorescence from gaseous PAHs present in the generated gas. The spectroscopic means 230 allows only the fluorescence of the PAHs in the generated gas to reach the fluorescence detector 240. The fluorescence detector 240 measures the fluorescence intensity of the PAHs in the generated gas. The control device 250 sets a threshold value for this fluorescence intensity value. If a fluorescence intensity equal to or greater than the threshold value is detected, the control device 250 determines that a dust leak has occurred due to filter damage or other reasons in the dust collector 51.

[0043] Here, the use of fluorescence intensity to determine whether dust has leaked due to filter damage or the like in the dust collector 51 will be described using the example of FIG. 3. FIG. 3 shows the fluorescence spectrum of PAHs in the generated gas. The horizontal axis of FIG. 3 represents the fluorescence wavelength [nm], and the vertical axis represents the fluorescence intensity. The dashed line represents the fluorescence spectrum of PAHs in the generated gas (a wavelength range where the fluorescence intensity of naphthalene is strong) when dust is not leaking from the dust collector 51 (normal). The solid line represents the fluorescence spectrum of PAHs in the generated gas when dust has leaked from the dust collector 51 (non-compliant). As shown in the figure, the generated gas contains a large amount of dust when non-compliant, and it can be confirmed that the fluorescence due to PAHs adsorbed on the dust is detected at a much stronger intensity than the fluorescence intensity when normal.

[0044] Therefore, the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detector 240 when it is out of compliance can be distinguished from the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detector 240 when it is normal. In other words, a threshold value can be set for the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detector 240, and when a fluorescence intensity equal to or greater than the threshold value is detected, the control device 250 can determine that a dust leakage has occurred due to a break in the filter of the dust collector 51, for example.

[0045] The predetermined threshold value may be any value that allows for distinguishing between the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detector 240 when it is not compliant and the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detector 240 when it is normal. For example, it may be a value that includes a margin based on the maximum concentration of naphthalene in the produced gas when it is normal (e.g., a margin that is twice the fluorescence intensity at the maximum concentration of naphthalene in the produced gas is set). Furthermore, the reliability of the determination can be improved by setting the duration during which the fluorescence intensity remains above the threshold value as the time threshold.

[0046] The vessel 210 is a vessel that allows the generated gas, which is the target of ultraviolet light irradiation, to pass through inside, and the fluorescence intensity is measured by irradiating the generated gas present in the vessel with ultraviolet light. A generated gas inlet and a generated gas outlet are provided on the side of the vessel 210, allowing the generated gas to be continuously introduced and exhausted. The vessel 210 is provided with multiple measurement windows W1 to W3 that allow the transmission of ultraviolet light and fluorescence. The measurement windows W1 to W3 are respectively provided at positions facing the ultraviolet light source 220, the spectroscopic means 230, and the beam damper 270 that terminates the ultraviolet light. The ultraviolet light passes through the vessel 210 and is output to the spectroscopic means 230 and the beam damper 270 via each of the measurement windows W1 to W3. Examples of materials for the measurement windows W1 to W3 include synthetic quartz and fused quartz.

[0047] In order to maintain the gaseous PAHs in a gaseous state, the container 210 is preferably kept at a temperature of 150° C. or higher. For this reason, the container 210 may be provided with a heating mechanism (not shown), such as a heater. Furthermore, the pressure inside the container is preferably equal to or greater than a predetermined negative pressure and equal to or less than atmospheric pressure. In this case, adjusting the pressure inside the container to a positive pressure (a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure) can suppress a decrease in fluorescence intensity (quenching effect). On the other hand, adjusting the pressure inside the container to an excessively negative pressure reduces the number of molecules in the generated gas. Therefore, in order to accurately detect the fluorescence intensity, it is preferable to use a generated gas that is equal to or greater than a predetermined negative pressure and equal to or less than atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, the container 210 may be configured to introduce a purge gas heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the insulation temperature of the container 210 into the measurement windows W1 to W3 to form an air curtain. This makes it possible to prevent contamination caused by the generated gas from adhering to the measurement windows W1 to W3 and to prevent condensation from forming on the surfaces of the measurement windows W1 to W3. The purge gas is preferably an inert gas, such as nitrogen gas.

[0048] The internal pressure of the container 210 is preferably set within a predetermined range to suppress the quenching effect when detecting PAHs using a fluorescence method. Furthermore, if the internal pressure of the container 210 is lower than the predetermined range, the number density of PAHs decreases, and it may be impossible to obtain the fluorescence intensity required for measurement. Therefore, the internal pressure of the container 210 is preferably within a range of, for example, -0.05 MPa (gauge pressure) to 0.00 MPa (gauge pressure). Furthermore, it is more preferable that the internal pressure of the container 210 be constant at 0.00 MPa (gauge pressure).

[0049] The ultraviolet light source 220 irradiates the generated gas with ultraviolet light. Examples of the ultraviolet light source 220 include a pulsed laser (e.g., the fourth harmonic (wavelength 266 nm) of a YAG (Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) laser), a semiconductor laser, a mercury lamp, and an LED. The wavelength range of the ultraviolet light source 220 is 200 nm or more and 500 nm or less, and is set appropriately depending on the type of PAHs that are the main target of measurement. For example, if the PAHs that are the target of measurement are naphthalenes, the wavelength range of the ultraviolet light source 220 is preferably 250 nm or more and 290 nm or less.

[0050] The spectroscopic means 230 disperses the fluorescence of PAHs in the generated gas and separates the fluorescence from noise light, allowing the fluorescence detector 240 to detect only the fluorescent component. The spectroscopic means 230 may be, for example, a spectrometer using a dielectric multilayer filter or a diffraction grating. The fluorescence wavelength range is preferably 250 nm or more and 600 nm or less. The spectroscopic means 230 may narrow its wavelength range in response to limiting the measurement target. For example, if the PAHs to be measured are naphthalenes, the wavelength range of the ultraviolet light source 220 is preferably 300 nm or more and 350 nm or less. Furthermore, the light detected as noise light is often due to stray light from the ultraviolet light emitted from the ultraviolet light source 220 (including Mie scattered light generated when the ultraviolet light emitted from the ultraviolet light source 220 is irradiated on dust). For this reason, it is preferable that the spectroscopic means 230 has a function of not guiding to the fluorescence detector 240 light corresponding to the wavelength range of the ultraviolet light emitted from the ultraviolet light source 220 .

[0051] The fluorescence detector 240 detects the fluorescence intensity due to PAHs in the generated gas. The fluorescence detector 240 outputs the detected fluorescence intensity to the control device 250. The fluorescence detector 240 may be, for example, a photodiode, a photomultiplier tube, an avalanche photodiode, or a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) camera. The fluorescence detector 240 may also perform fluorescence detection by separating signal components and dark current noise components using a photon counting function. The fluorescence detector 240 may also perform fluorescence detection by measuring the integrated light amount calculated from the irradiation time and light energy of ultraviolet light. Furthermore, when the irradiation light intensity is not constant, the quantitativeness of PAHs measurement by the fluorescence method can be improved by detecting the fluorescence intensity of PAHs relative to the irradiation light intensity.

[0052] The control device 250 has a function of calculating the dust concentration and the amount of hydrocarbons in the generated gas based on the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detector 240. Furthermore, the control device 250 determines whether or not dust is leaking from the dust collector 51 based on the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detector 240.

[0053] Next, the control device 250 according to this embodiment will be described. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration of a control device 250 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, the control device 250 is a computer, and includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit: processor) 251, a main memory 252, a secondary storage 253, a communication interface 254, etc. The control device 250 may also include an input device 255 that accepts input from a user, a display 256, etc. These components are connected via, for example, a bus 258.

[0054] The main memory device 252 is composed of writable memory such as cache memory or RAM (Random Access Memory), and is used as a working area for reading out programs executed by the CPU 251 and writing data processed by the programs. The secondary storage device 253 is a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. Examples of the secondary storage device 253 include a magnetic disk such as a hard disk drive (HDD), a magneto-optical disk, a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, and a semiconductor memory such as a solid state drive (SSD).

[0055] 5 is a functional configuration diagram showing an example of functions of the control device 250 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the control device 250 includes a calculation unit 260, a determination unit 261, and a control unit 262.

[0056] A series of processes for realizing the various functions described below is stored in the secondary storage device 253 (see FIG. 4) in the form of a program (e.g., a control program), for example, and the CPU 251 reads this program into the main storage device 252 and executes information processing and arithmetic processing to realize the various functions. Note that the program may be pre-installed in the secondary storage device 253, provided in a state stored in another computer-readable storage medium, or distributed via wired or wireless communication means. Examples of computer-readable storage media include magnetic disks, magneto-optical disks, CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, and semiconductor memories.

[0057] The calculation unit 260 calculates the concentration of PAHs in the generated gas using the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detector 240. Specifically, the calculation unit 260 calculates the concentration of PAHs using a fluorescence method. In this case, the irradiation light intensity I0 of the ultraviolet light irradiated from the ultraviolet light source 220 and the fluorescence intensity I detected by the fluorescence detector 240 are used. F The relationship between the number density of atoms and molecules (concentration of PAHs) N1 and the constant Ω based on the light irradiation conditions is expressed by the following equation (1). The irradiated light intensity I0 can be considered a constant when the light intensity is constant. The constant Ω is based on the assumption that the irradiated light conditions (wavelength, light output, light focusing conditions, etc.), fluorescence detection method (spectroscopic method, wavelength range of dispersed light, conditions for focusing the fluorescence onto the photodetector, sensitivity of the photodetector, etc.), PAHs to be measured, temperature of the measurement field, and pressure of the measurement field are constant.

[0058]

number

[0059] The PAHs concentration N1 is calculated by transforming the above formula (1) into the following formula (2).

[0060]

number

[0061] From equation (2), when the irradiated light intensity I0 is considered constant, the fluorescence intensity I F The PAHs concentration N1 is proportional to the fluorescence intensity I F The PAHs concentration N1 can be calculated using

[0062] When the irradiation light intensity I0 is considered to be constant, the determination unit 261 determines whether the fluorescence intensity I of PAHs calculated by the calculation unit 260 is F is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, it is determined that soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector 51. F By determining that I is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, it is possible to determine whether there is an abnormality in the dust collector 51 or whether the filter provided in the dust collector 51 is damaged. When it is considered that the irradiation light intensity I0 is not constant, the fluorescence intensity of PAHs relative to the irradiation light intensity (I F / I0) may be used as a parameter for setting the threshold value.

[0063] The control unit 262 controls the operating parameters of the gasification facility 10 using the determination result obtained by the determination unit 261. The control unit 262 may also notify the manager of the gasification facility 10 that soot and dust is leaking from the dust collector 51.

[0064] As described above, monitoring system 200 irradiates the product gas generated from the carbon-containing fuel with ultraviolet light and detects the fluorescence intensity caused by PAHs in the product gas using fluorescence detector 240. Furthermore, control device 250 calculates the concentration of PAHs in the product gas based on the detected fluorescence intensity, and also determines whether or not soot and dust is leaking from dust collector 51.

[0065] In this way, by using a light source that irradiates only a specified wavelength range and a detector for detecting fluorescence intensity to measure the concentration of PAHs in the generated gas and determine whether soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector 51, the configuration of the monitoring system can be simplified and it can be determined whether soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector 51 with a simple configuration. In this embodiment, it is possible to measure the concentration of PAHs in the generated gas and detect the leakage of soot and dust using only the fluorescence method, so there is no need to prepare multiple light sources and photodetectors with different wavelengths, and it is possible to detect the concentration of PAHs in the generated gas and the leakage of soot and dust with a simple configuration.

[0066] The above-described embodiment may be modified as follows. For example, the determination unit 261 may determine that soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector 51 if the concentration of PAHs calculated by the calculation unit 260 remains at or above a predetermined threshold for a predetermined time (e.g., 10 minutes). In reality, even if the dust collector 51 is not malfunctioning and soot and dust are not leaking from the dust collector 51, the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detector 240 may momentarily increase depending on the type of hydrocarbon. For this reason, by setting a duration, the reliability of the determination result can be improved. This makes it possible to more accurately determine whether soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector 51.

[0067] Furthermore, when there is a period during which the fluorescence intensity increases based on the gas generation operation plan, the determination unit 261 may not determine that soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector 51 during that period. In this way, the determination unit 261 can suppress erroneous determinations other than when the fluorescence intensity increases due to soot and dust actually leaking from the dust collector 51. This makes it possible to more accurately determine whether soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector 51.

[0068] [Second embodiment] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a monitoring system 201 according to a second embodiment. The monitoring system 201 shown in FIG. 6 has a configuration in which the beam damper 270 in the monitoring system 200 shown in FIG. 2 is replaced with an ultraviolet light detector (ultraviolet light detection unit) 280. Note that, except for the replacement of the beam damper 270 with the ultraviolet light detector 280, the configuration of the monitoring system 201 is the same as the configuration of the monitoring system 200. Therefore, in the following explanation, only points related to the ultraviolet light detector 280 will be explained. Note that, although not shown in FIG. 6, a pinhole, an aperture, a neutral density filter, or the like may be disposed between the container 210 and the ultraviolet light detector 280. In this embodiment, the monitoring system 201 detects the ultraviolet light intensity using a transmission method. The control device 250 of the monitoring system 201 determines whether or not soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector 51 using the two light intensities, the fluorescent light intensity and the ultraviolet light intensity.

[0069] The ultraviolet light detector 280 detects the intensity of the ultraviolet light that has passed through the generated gas present in the container 210. The ultraviolet light detector 280 also outputs the detected ultraviolet light intensity to the control device 250. The ultraviolet light detector 280 is, for example, a photodiode, a photomultiplier tube, an integrating actinometer, or the like. The intensity of the ultraviolet light detected by the ultraviolet light detector 280 decreases as the amount of soot and dust present inside the container 210 increases. In other words, the ultraviolet light detector 280 can directly detect the amount of leaked soot and dust.

[0070] The control device 250 determines whether or not soot and dust is leaking from the dust collector 51 based on the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detector 240 and the ultraviolet light intensity detected by the ultraviolet light detector 280. Fig. 7 is a graph illustrating the time transition of the fluorescence intensity and the light transmittance. As illustrated in Fig. 7, when soot and dust leakage occurs, the fluorescence intensity increases and the light transmittance decreases.

[0071] Specifically, the judgment unit 261 provided in the control device 250 judges that soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector 51 when the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detector 240 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, or when the ultraviolet light intensity detected by the ultraviolet light detector 280 is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value. The predetermined threshold value may be set appropriately depending on the type of PAHs.

[0072] The calculation unit 260 uses the ultraviolet light intensity detected by the ultraviolet light detector 280 to calculate the optical transmittance of the ultraviolet light that passes through the generated gas. Specifically, the calculation unit 260 calculates the transmittance of ultraviolet light using a transmission method. In this case, the irradiation light intensity I0 of ultraviolet light irradiated from the ultraviolet light source 220, the ultraviolet light intensity I1 detected by the ultraviolet light detector 280, and the light transmittance T of the ultraviolet light are related by the following formula (3).

[0073]

number

[0074] As described above, according to the monitoring system 201, the control device 250 determines whether or not there is a dust leakage using the detection results of the fluorescent detector 240 and the ultraviolet light detector 280. By determining whether or not there is a dust leakage using the detection results of the ultraviolet light detector 280 in addition to the detection results of the fluorescent detector 240, it is possible to directly determine the dust concentration. Furthermore, even if one of the light detectors fails, it is possible to determine whether or not there is a dust leakage from the dust collector 51. Furthermore, because measurements can be performed using the fluorescence method and the transmission method using only one light source, it is possible to determine whether or not there is a dust leakage from the dust collector 51 without increasing the size of the monitoring system configuration.

[0075] [Third embodiment] In this embodiment, the control unit 262 included in the control device 250 controls the operation of the gasifier 101 based on the PAHs concentration in the generated gas calculated by the calculation unit 260. When the determination unit 261 included in the control device 250 determines that the concentration of PAHs in the generated gas is higher than a predetermined threshold, the determination unit 261 controls at least one of the amount of air supplied to the gasifier 101, the amount of inert gas (carrier gas) supplied to the gasifier 101 and the amount of generated gas, and the proportion of the carbon-containing fuel input to the gasifier 101 that is input to a reductor included in the gasifier 101 out of the carbon-containing fuel input to the gasifier 101. Specifically, the control unit 262 controls the apertures of flow control valves (not shown) provided in the first nitrogen supply line 43, the second nitrogen supply line 45, and the oxygen supply line 47. The predetermined threshold is set appropriately depending on the type of carbon-containing fuel and the operating conditions of the gasification facility 10. In this way, when the concentration of PAHs in the generated gas fluctuates, the control unit 262 can adjust the parameters to return the gasifier 101 to a stable operating state.

[0076] Furthermore, when it is confirmed that the PAHs concentration in the generated gas is low, the control unit 262 may adjust the operating parameters of the gasifier 101 to lower the air ratio of the gasifier 101 or increase the ratio of fuel input to the reductor (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as the R / T ratio) out of the fuel input to the gasifier 101. This enables operation that maintains the operating efficiency of the gasification equipment 10 while suppressing the PAHs concentration in the generated gas. In the R / T ratio, R is the amount of fuel input to the reductor, and T is the amount of fuel input to the gasifier.

[0077] In addition, by adjusting the air ratio and R / T ratio of the gasification furnace 101 to appropriate states, adhesion of PAHs to the equipment and piping that make up the gasification equipment 10 can be suppressed, and the integrity of the gasification equipment 10 and equipment located downstream of the gasification furnace 101, such as the gas purification equipment 16, can be maintained.

[0078] [Fourth embodiment] In this embodiment, the control unit 262 provided in the control device 250 uses the judgment result determined by the judgment unit 261 to stop the flow of generated gas in a specific generated gas flow path among the multiple generated gas flow paths provided in the dust collecting device 51. Furthermore, when the determining unit 261 determines that soot and dust is leaking from the dust collector 51, the operation of the gasification facility 10 may be stopped.

[0079] Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of a dust collecting device 51 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. Fig. 8(a) shows a normal operating state in which soot and dust are not leaking from the dust collecting device 51. Fig. 8(b) shows an operating state during dust leakage in which soot and dust are leaking from the dust collecting device 51. 8(a), dust collecting device 51 has a plurality of branch pipes, and filter blocks F1 to F4 and shutoff valves V1 to V4 that open and close the branch pipes are provided on each pipe. A monitoring system 200 is provided downstream of dust collecting device 51. Note that, in this embodiment, the filter blocks F1 to F4 and shutoff valves V1 to V4 are described as examples, but the numbers of branch pipes, filter blocks, and shutoff valves are not limited to this and can be changed as appropriate.

[0080] When the generated gas passes through the dust collector 51, soot and dust in the generated gas are removed by a plurality of filter blocks F1 to F4. Each branch pipe is provided with a shutoff valve V1 to V4 on the outlet side.

[0081] If the control device 250 determines that soot and dust is leaking from the dust collector 51, each filter block F1 to F4 is blocked in turn, and the control device 250 provided in the monitoring system 200 identifies from which branch pipe the soot and dust is leaking.

[0082] For example, if filter block F3 is damaged and soot and dust are leaking from the branch pipe to which filter block F3 is attached, control device 250 controls shutoff valve V3 to close, thereby blocking the branch pipe from which the soot and dust is leaking (see FIG. 8(b)). This makes it possible to quickly identify the location of the soot and dust leakage and block the corresponding branch pipe, allowing the filter with the leak to be replaced quickly.

[0083] Furthermore, by identifying the location that is causing the dust to leak from the dust collector 51 in this manner, it is possible to grasp the extent and degree of impact on the gasification equipment 10 caused by the dust leaking from the dust collector 51. For this reason, the control device 250 may shut down the gasification equipment 10 depending on the state of the dust leakage. Also, by identifying the location that is causing the dust to leak from the dust collector 51, the operators of the gasification equipment 10 can consider and prepare the cleaning area before shutting down. This makes it possible to prevent damage to equipment installed downstream of the dust collector 51 and shorten the cleaning period when the gasification equipment 10 is shut down.

[0084] Although the present disclosure has been described above using embodiments, the technical scope of the present disclosure is not limited to the scope described in the above embodiments. Various modifications or improvements can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the gist of the present disclosure, and such modifications or improvements are also included in the technical scope of the present disclosure. Furthermore, the above embodiments may be combined as appropriate.

[0085] (Additional notes) The monitoring system, the gasification facility including the same, the monitoring method, and the monitoring program described in each of the above-described embodiments can be understood, for example, as follows. A monitoring system (200, 201) according to a first aspect of the present disclosure is a monitoring system for a gasification facility including a dust collector (51) that collects dust in a generated gas obtained by gasifying a carbon-containing fuel, and includes an ultraviolet light source (220) that irradiates the generated gas with ultraviolet light downstream of the dust collector in the flow direction of the generated gas, a fluorescence detection unit (240) that detects a fluorescence intensity caused by hydrocarbons in the generated gas, and a control device (250) that measures the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas based on the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detection unit and determines whether dust is leaking from the dust collector.

[0086] According to the monitoring system of the first aspect of the present disclosure, ultraviolet light is irradiated onto the generated gas obtained by gasifying a carbon-containing fuel, and the fluorescence intensity due to hydrocarbons in the generated gas is detected by the fluorescence detector. Furthermore, the control device measures the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas and determines whether or not soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector based on the detected fluorescence intensity. In this way, by using a light source that irradiates only a predetermined wavelength range and a detector that detects the fluorescence intensity in the predetermined wavelength range, it is possible to measure the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas and determine whether or not soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector.

[0087] A monitoring system according to a second aspect of the present disclosure is the monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the monitoring system in the first aspect includes an ultraviolet light detection unit (280) that detects the ultraviolet light intensity of ultraviolet light that has passed through the generated gas, and the control device includes a determination unit (261) that determines that soot and dust are leaking from the dust collecting device when the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detection unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, or when the ultraviolet light intensity detected by the ultraviolet light detection unit is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value.

[0088] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, the monitoring system includes an ultraviolet light detection unit that detects the ultraviolet light intensity of ultraviolet light transmitted through the generated gas, and the control device includes a determination unit that determines that soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector when the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detector is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold, or when the ultraviolet light intensity detected by the ultraviolet light detection unit is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold. That is, the determination unit included in the control device determines whether soot and dust are leaking using either the detection result of the fluorescence detection unit or the detection result of the ultraviolet light detection unit. By using the detection result of the ultraviolet light detection unit, the concentration of soot and dust can be quantitatively determined. Furthermore, even if one of the photodetectors fails, it is possible to determine whether soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector.

[0089] A monitoring system according to a third aspect of the present disclosure is any one of the first to second aspects, and includes a container (210) that allows the generated gas, which is the target of irradiation with ultraviolet light, to be ventilated therein, and the pressure inside the container is equal to or greater than a predetermined negative pressure and equal to or less than atmospheric pressure.

[0090] A monitoring system according to a third aspect of the present disclosure includes a container that allows ventilation of the generated gas, which is the target of ultraviolet light irradiation, and the pressure inside the container is equal to or greater than a predetermined negative pressure and equal to or less than atmospheric pressure. Adjusting the pressure inside the container to a positive pressure (a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure) can suppress a decrease in fluorescence intensity (quenching effect). On the other hand, adjusting the pressure inside the container to an excessively negative pressure reduces the number of molecules in the generated gas. Therefore, to accurately detect fluorescence intensity, it is preferable to use generated gas that is equal to or greater than a predetermined negative pressure and equal to or less than atmospheric pressure. This makes it possible to more accurately determine whether or not soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector.

[0091] In a monitoring system according to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, in any one of the second to third aspects, the predetermined threshold value of the fluorescence intensity is set based on the fluorescence intensity at the maximum concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas during normal operation of the dust collector.

[0092] According to the monitoring system of the fourth aspect of the present disclosure, the predetermined threshold is set based on the fluorescence intensity at the maximum concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas during normal operation of the dust collector. The determination unit determines whether or not dust is leaking using the parameters during normal operation of the dust collector as the threshold. This makes it possible to more accurately determine whether or not dust is leaking from the dust collector.

[0093] A monitoring system according to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, in any of the second to third aspects, determines that soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector when the fluorescence intensity of the hydrocarbons in the generated gas remains above a predetermined threshold for a predetermined period of time.

[0094] According to the monitoring system of the fifth aspect of the present disclosure, the determination unit determines that soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector when the fluorescence intensity of hydrocarbons in the generated gas remains above a predetermined threshold for a predetermined period of time or longer. In reality, even when the dust collector is not malfunctioning and no soot and dust is leaking from the dust collector, the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detection unit may momentarily increase depending on the type of hydrocarbon. Therefore, when the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detection unit remains high, i.e., when the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas remains above a predetermined threshold for a predetermined period of time or longer, the determination unit determines that soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector. This allows for a more accurate determination of whether soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector.

[0095] In a monitoring system according to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, in any of the first to fifth aspects, if there is a period in which the fluorescence intensity increases based on the gas generation operating plan, the control device does not determine that soot and dust are leaking from the dust collecting device during that period.

[0096] According to the monitoring system of the sixth aspect of the present disclosure, if there is a period in which the fluorescent light intensity increases based on the gas generation operation plan, the control device does not determine that dust is leaking from the dust collector during that period. This allows the determination unit to suppress erroneous determinations other than when the fluorescent light intensity increases due to actual dust leakage from the dust collector. This allows for more accurate determination of whether dust is leaking from the dust collector.

[0097] A gasification facility according to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure includes a gasification furnace (101) to which air and the carbon-containing fuel are supplied and which generates the generated gas, a dust collector (51) which collects soot and dust of the carbon-containing fuel in the generated gas, and the monitoring system according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein when the control device determines that the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas is higher than a predetermined threshold, the control device controls at least one of the amount of air supplied to the gasification furnace, the amount of carrier gas supplied to the gasification furnace, the amount of generated gas, and the proportion of the carbon-containing fuel fed to the gas furnace that is fed to a reductor provided in the gas furnace.

[0098] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, when the control device determines that the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas is higher than a predetermined threshold, the control device controls at least one of the amount of air supplied to the gasification furnace, the amount of carrier gas supplied to the gasification furnace, the amount of gas generated, and the proportion of the carbon-containing fuel fed to the gas furnace that is fed to a reductor provided in the gas furnace. When the control device determines that the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas is higher than a predetermined threshold, the control device can restore the gasification facility to a stable operating state by adjusting parameters using the control unit.

[0099] A gasification facility according to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure includes a gasification furnace (101) to which air and the carbon-containing fuel are supplied and which generates the generated gas, a dust collector (51) which collects soot and dust of the carbon-containing fuel in the generated gas, and the monitoring system according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the control device stops the power generation gasification facility when it determines that the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas is higher than a predetermined threshold value.

[0100] According to the gasification equipment of the eighth aspect of the present disclosure, the control device stops the gasification equipment when it determines that soot and dust is leaking from the dust collector. This allows the gasification equipment to be stopped depending on the state of the soot and dust leakage. This prevents damage to equipment installed downstream of the dust collector and shortens the cleaning period when the gasification equipment is stopped.

[0101] A monitoring method according to a ninth aspect of the present disclosure is a monitoring method applied to a gasification facility equipped with a dust collector that collects soot and dust in a generated gas obtained by gasifying a carbon-containing fuel, and includes an irradiation step of irradiating the generated gas with ultraviolet light downstream of the dust collector in the flow direction of the generated gas, a fluorescence detection step of detecting fluorescence intensity caused by hydrocarbons in the generated gas, and a determination step of measuring the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas based on the fluorescence intensity detected in the fluorescence detection step and determining whether soot and dust is leaking from the dust collector.

[0102] A monitoring program according to a tenth aspect of the present disclosure causes a computer to function as the monitoring system of any one of the first to sixth aspects. [Explanation of symbols]

[0103] 10 Gasification facility 11 Fuel supply equipment 11a Fuel supply line 12 Fuel supply line 13 Char supply line 15 Char recovery facility 16 Gas purification facility 17 Gas Turbine 18 Steam Turbine 19. Generator 20 Waste heat recovery boiler 41 Compressed air supply line 42 Air Separation Plant 43 First nitrogen supply line 45 Second nitrogen supply line 46 Char return line 47 Oxygen supply line 48 Foreign matter removal equipment 49 First produced gas line 51 Dust collector 52 Supply hopper 53 Second produced gas line 61 Compressor 62 Combustor 63 Turbine 64 Rotation Axis 65 Compressed air supply line 66 Fuel gas supply line 67 Combustion gas supply line 68 Booster 69 Turbine 70 Exhaust gas line 71 Steam supply line 72 Water supply line 73 Condenser 74 Exhaust gas purification equipment 75 Chimney 101 Gasifier 200 Surveillance System 210 Container 220 UV light source 230 Spectroscopic means 240 Fluorescence Detector 250 control device 251 CPU 252 Main storage 253 Secondary storage device 254 Communication Interface 255 input devices 256 displays 258 Bus 260 Arithmetic section 261 Judgment section 262 Control Unit 270 Beam Dumper 280 Ultraviolet Photodetector F1~F4 filter blocks V1~V4 shutoff valves W1~W3 measurement window

Claims

1. A monitoring system for a gasification facility equipped with a dust collector that collects soot and dust in a generated gas produced by gasifying a carbon-containing fuel, an ultraviolet light source that irradiates the generated gas with ultraviolet light downstream of the dust collector in the flow direction of the generated gas; a fluorescence detection unit that detects a fluorescence intensity due to hydrocarbons in the generated gas; a control device that measures the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas based on the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detection unit and determines whether or not soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector; A monitoring system comprising:

2. an ultraviolet light detection unit that detects the ultraviolet light intensity of ultraviolet light that has passed through the generated gas; The monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the control device includes a determination unit that determines that soot and dust are leaking from the dust collecting device when the fluorescence intensity detected by the fluorescence detection unit is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value, or when the ultraviolet light intensity detected by the ultraviolet light detection unit is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold value.

3. a container capable of ventilating the generated gas to be irradiated with the ultraviolet light; 2. The monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the pressure inside the container is equal to or greater than a predetermined negative pressure and equal to or less than atmospheric pressure.

4. 3. The monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein the predetermined threshold value of the fluorescence intensity is set based on the fluorescence intensity at the maximum concentration of the hydrocarbons in the generated gas during normal operation of the dust collector.

5. The monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein the determination unit determines that soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector when the fluorescence intensity of the hydrocarbons in the generated gas remains above a predetermined threshold for a predetermined period of time.

6. The monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the control device does not determine that soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector during a period in which the fluorescent intensity increases based on the gas generation operation plan.

7. a gasification furnace supplied with air and the carbon-containing fuel to produce the product gas; a dust collector that collects soot and dust from the carbon-containing fuel in the generated gas; The monitoring system according to claim 1 ; Equipped with The control device, when determining that the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas is higher than a predetermined threshold, controls at least one of the amount of air supplied to the gasification furnace, the amount of carrier gas supplied to the gasification furnace, the amount of generated gas, and the proportion of the carbon-containing fuel fed to the gasification furnace that is fed to a reductor provided in the gasification furnace.

8. a gasification furnace supplied with air and the carbon-containing fuel to produce the product gas; a dust collector that collects soot and dust from the carbon-containing fuel in the generated gas; The monitoring system according to claim 1 ; Equipped with The control device stops the gasification facility when it determines that the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas is higher than a predetermined threshold value.

9. A monitoring method applied to a gasification facility equipped with a dust collector that collects soot and dust in a generated gas produced by gasifying a carbon-containing fuel, comprising: an irradiation step of irradiating the generated gas with ultraviolet light downstream of the dust collector in the flow direction of the generated gas; a fluorescence detection step of detecting a fluorescence intensity due to hydrocarbons in the generated gas; a determination step of measuring the concentration of hydrocarbons in the generated gas based on the fluorescence intensity detected in the fluorescence detection step, and determining whether or not soot and dust are leaking from the dust collector; A monitoring method comprising:

10. A monitoring program that causes a computer to function as the monitoring system according to claim 1.

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