Soil-covering component and method for preventing soil erosion using the same

Abstract

To provide a soil covering component which is particularly convenient when soil erosion prevention work using BSC is small-scale.SOLUTION: Algae (12) stored in separate water-soluble bags (12a, 18a, 16a, 14a), a base material (18) which is a material for strongly sticking the algae to soil surfaces, fertilizers (16), an adhesive (14) for strongly sticking the algae to the soil surfaces together with the base material and preventing the fertilizers from flowing out by rainfall or the like immediately after execution, and an outer bag (20) for storing all the water-soluble bags are provided. The soil covering component (10) is characterized in that the content ratio of the algae, the base material, the fertilizer and the adhesive is 1:4-5:0. 4-0. 5:6-8 by weight ratio.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a soil cover component and a soil erosion prevention method using the soil cover component. [Background technology]

[0002] There are various known methods for preventing the soil surface from being eroded by wind and rain, including protecting the soil surface with sheets, spraying asphalt emulsion or mortar onto the soil surface, covering the soil surface with algae, and promoting natural invasion, such as forest topsoil utilization, in which topsoil mixed with buried seeds is spread evenly as is or mixed into plant growth base material for spraying or injection work to create a plant growth base and encourage the germination and establishment of buried seeds, and vegetation base spraying, in which a mixture of seeds, fertilizer, etc. is sprayed.

[0003] Of these conventional methods, methods such as using sheets to protect the area and spraying asphalt emulsion or mortar are characterized by their labor-intensive and costly nature. Furthermore, forest topsoil utilization methods lack stability, being easily affected by the germination status of buried seeds and the construction conditions, while vegetation base spraying methods are characterized by the possibility of being eroded by rainfall or other factors before the vegetation can flourish if there are few seeds arriving early. Furthermore, vegetation methods that use seeds often cannot be used in quasi-national parks or national parks, which dislike invasive species.

[0004] On the other hand, the method of covering with algae or the like has advantages over the other methods mentioned above, particularly in terms of cost. One proposed method of covering with algae or the like is a soil erosion prevention method that uses biological soil crust (hereinafter referred to as "BSC") (see Patent Document 1). Here, BSC generally refers to a sheet-like colony of soil microorganisms formed when algae or the like become entangled in soil particles or clumps on the ground surface. The method disclosed in Patent Document 1 is evaluated as a useful soil erosion prevention method because it can be implemented at low cost and does not adversely affect the ecosystem or crops, compared to sheet protection methods that require consideration of the effects of sheet deterioration and asphalt emulsion spraying methods that do not use harmful chemicals.

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Patent No. 3718203 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] The present invention proposes a soil cover component that is particularly easy to use when soil erosion prevention work using BSC is small-scale, and a soil erosion prevention method using this soil cover component. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The soil covering component described in claim 1 of the present application comprises algae stored in separate water-soluble bags, a substrate that is a material that firmly attaches the algae to the soil surface, fertilizer, an adhesive that firmly attaches the algae together with the substrate to the soil surface and prevents the fertilizer from being washed away by rainfall or the like immediately after installation, and an outer bag in which all of the water-soluble bags are stored, and is characterized in that the weight ratio of the algae, the substrate, the fertilizer, and the adhesive is 1:4-5:0.4-0.5:6-8.

[0008] The soil erosion prevention method using the soil covering component of claim 1, as described in claim 2 of the present application, is characterized by including the steps of removing all of the water-soluble bags from the outer bag and placing them in a container, pouring water into the container and stirring it, dissolving all of the water-soluble bags and causing their contents to flow out, thereby obtaining a viscous liquid, and spreading the viscous liquid on the construction ground. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] The soil cover component of the present invention allows for soil erosion prevention using BSC by simply removing each water-soluble bag from the outer bag and immersing it in water, allowing for easy construction with a small number of workers. Furthermore, the use of the soil cover component of the present invention eliminates the hassle of preparing and purchasing each material individually and the laborious task of precisely measuring each material. In particular, considering that soil erosion causes small water channels to appear and soil collapse begins, but early-stage landslides are often left unattended, the soil cover component of the present invention and the soil erosion prevention method using this soil cover component do not require large-scale construction using heavy machinery for slope shaping, making them extremely effective in addressing early-stage landslides. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0010] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a soil cover component according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the process of soil erosion prevention work using the soil cover components of FIG. 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0011] (Soil cover component)

[0023] Next, a soil cover component according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a soil cover component according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The soil cover component, generally designated by reference numeral 10 in Figure 1, includes algae 12, adhesive 14, fertilizer 16, and substrate 18, each of which is contained in a separate water-soluble bag.

[0012] The algae 12 may be unicellular, colonial, filamentous, or branching algae, and any of these may be used as a component of the soil cover component 10. Specific examples include the blue-green algae (Sinoabacteria) of the genera Anacystis, Gloeocapsa, Phormidium, and Tolyposthrix, the green algae of the genus Krebsormidium, and the yellow-green algae of the genus Heterothrix. The algae 12 is stored in a water-soluble bag 12a.

[0013] The adhesive 14 is used to firmly attach the algae 12 together with the substrate 18 to the soil surface and to prevent the fertilizer from being washed away by rainfall immediately after application. Any desired material commercially available for seed spraying (e.g., Kuricoat CP750 manufactured by Kurita Water Industries Ltd.) may be used as the adhesive 14. The adhesive 14 is stored in a water-soluble bag 14a.

[0014] A typical granular chemical fertilizer can be used as the fertilizer 16, but one that contains a balanced amount of the three elements nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is preferable. The fertilizer used should also be slow-release. When using fertilizer in soil that is poor in fertilizer, it is recommended to mix in more fertilizer than the content ratio described below, or to adjust the ratio of the three elements appropriately depending on the soil. If the fertilizer does not contain magnesia, the required amount should be mixed in. The fertilizer 16 is stored in a water-soluble bag 16a.

[0015] The substrate 18 is a material that allows the algae 12 to adhere strongly to the soil surface. As the substrate, any commercially available material (e.g., Oji Fiber manufactured by Tomakomai Oji Paper Co., Ltd.), such as recycled paper fiber or paper residue generated in paper mills, may be used. The substrate 18 is stored in a water-soluble bag 18a.

[0016] A preferred content ratio of the algae 12, adhesive material 14, fertilizer 16, and substrate 18 is 1:6-8:0.4-0.5:4-5 by weight.

[0017] The water-soluble bags 12a, 14a, 16a, and 18a that respectively contain the algae 12, adhesive 14, fertilizer 16, and substrate 18 are of appropriate dimensions according to the above content ratios. Note that commercially available water-soluble bags may be used, and the water-solubility conditions may be, for example, that the bag dissolves in water and the contents flow out in about 60 seconds when immersed in water and stirred, but are not limited to this.

[0018] A water-soluble bag 12a containing algae 12, a water-soluble bag 14a containing adhesive 14, The water-soluble bag 16a containing the fertilizer 16 and the water-soluble bag 18a containing the substrate 18 are contained in an outer bag 20 because the algae change from a dormant state to an active state due to moisture in the air, and the opening of the outer bag 20 is heat-sealed to make it moisture-proof and waterproof.

[0019] Furthermore, by using a large outer bag 20, it can also be used as a container for holding water to dissolve the water-soluble bags 12a, 14a, 16a, and 18a containing the components 12, 14, 16, and 18 of the soil covering component 10 when used in soil erosion prevention work described below.

[0020] (Soil erosion prevention method) Next, a soil erosion prevention method using the soil cover components 10 will be described. First, the required amount of soil cover components 10 is prepared according to the area of ​​the construction ground. Next, at the construction site, the water-soluble bags 12a, 14a, 16a, and 18a are removed from the outer bag 20 and placed in a container (e.g., a bucket) (Fig. 2(a)). Next, water is poured into the container and stirred by hand or the like (Fig. 2(b)).

[0021] The water-soluble bag then dissolves, and the algae 12, adhesive 14, fertilizer 16, and base material 18 flow out, forming a slightly viscous liquid (hereinafter referred to as "viscous liquid") (Fig. 2(c)). The viscous liquid obtained in this way is then spread evenly on the construction ground using a ladle or watering can (Fig. 2(d)).

[0022] The amount of spraying is 5m 2 The guideline is 10 liters of viscous liquid for the construction ground.

[0023] Furthermore, by using an outer bag 20 large enough to be used as a container for holding water, the container for holding water becomes unnecessary, making construction easier.

[0024] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments of the invention, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention described in the claims, and it goes without saying that these modifications are also included within the scope of the present invention.

[0025] For example, in the above embodiment, it is described that each water-soluble bag 12a, 14a, 16a, and 18a is placed in a container and then water is poured into the container, but this order may be reversed so that each water-soluble bag 12a, 14a, 16a, and 18a is placed in a container containing water. [Explanation of symbols]

[0026] 10 Soil cover components 12 Algae 12a water soluble bag 14 Adhesive 14a water soluble bag 16 Fertilizer 16a water soluble bag 18 Base material 18a water soluble bag 20 outer bag

Claims

1. The system comprises algae housed in separate water-soluble bags, a substrate that is a material for strongly adhering the algae to the soil surface, fertilizer, an adhesive that firmly adheres the algae together with the substrate to the soil surface and prevents the fertilizer from being washed away by rainfall immediately after construction, and an outer bag that houses all of the water-soluble bags; The algae, the substrate, the fertilizer, and the adhesive are contained in a weight ratio of 1: 4-5:0.4-0.5:6-8.

2. A soil erosion prevention method using the soil covering component material described in claim 1, removing all of the water-soluble bags from the outer bag and placing them in a container; Adding water to the container and stirring; a step of dissolving all of the water-soluble bags to release the contents and obtain a viscous liquid; A step of spreading the viscous liquid on the construction ground; A soil erosion prevention method comprising:

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