Solvent-free electrode

Abstract

To prolong the service life of a battery and improve safety as compared with a conventional battery containing a liquid electrolyte.SOLUTION: The invention relates to a solvent-free electrode (2, 3) for a lithium-ion type battery, comprising: an active material that is a source of lithium ions and is capable of receiving lithium ions and / or of releasing lithium ions into its structure, a carbon-based material improving the electrical conductivity of the electrode, characterized in that said electrode further comprises a polymer having at least a maleimide, acrylate or methacrylate group, said polymer acting as a binder between the active material and the carbon-based material. An interface between an electrode and an electrolyte material is brought into close contact by combining a solid electrolyte having a composition similar to that of a polymer used as a binder of the electrode without using a solvent in manufacturing the electrode.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a solvent-free electrode and a method for producing the same. The present invention relates to a cell containing a solid electrolyte. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventional batteries containing liquid electrolytes, such as lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, have been around for decades. However, these liquid electrolytes are not suitable for use in, for example, lithium metal dendrites. The generation of light may cause a short circuit in the battery, which may adversely affect the safety of the battery. Furthermore, if the battery's watertightness is compromised, the electrolyte may leak. This may also occur.

[0003] In recent years, solid electrolyte (SSE) batteries have been developed. Solid electrolytes are a type of battery that has advantages over liquid electrolytes. Alkali metal or alkaline earth metal inclusions are preferred because they offer a solution to safety and leakage issues. Batteries with negative electrodes made of pure alkali metals or pure alkaline earth metals (e.g., Li-ion) It is used in place of liquid electrolytes in batteries (such as Li metal). The drawback is that it is difficult to create a tight interface between the electrode and the electrolyte. There is a possibility that the lifespan may be shortened.

[0004] At the same time, in order to extend battery life and develop safer batteries, all electrodes, including solvent-free electrodes, are being developed. Solid-state batteries are being developed. The most commonly used solvent in electrode formulations is NMP (N-methylpropional). Eliminating methyl-2-pyrrolidone would reduce the total energy consumed during production by 47%. The presence of solvents requires high-temperature debinding, which results in energy loss. However, solvents such as NMP, which are highly toxic and harmful to health, cannot be completely removed. This eliminates the cost of recycling solvents and solves the toxicity problem, but also provides high energy density. Fabrication of thick electrodes with good mechanical strength remains a challenge. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a polymer having excellent mechanical strength and high energy density, and at the same time, a solid electrolyte. To overcome the above drawbacks by developing a solvent-free electrode that can form an intimate interface. is.

[0006] More specifically, the present invention relates to an active material in which the material is a source or acceptor of lithium ions. a carbonaceous material for improving the conductivity of the electrode, and a material for bonding an active material and a carbonaceous material. The object of the present invention is to produce a solvent-free electrode comprising a polymer that is intended to , consisting only of active material, carbon-based material, and polymer. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The new electrode formulation does not use any solvents in the electrode manufacturing process, which simplifies manufacturing. This also reduces manufacturing costs.

[0008] The polymer used as the binder in the electrode is combined with a solid electrolyte of similar composition. This allows the interface between the electrode and electrolyte material to adhere tightly, extending the battery's lifespan and improving its performance. do.

[0009] More specifically, the present invention provides a solventless electrode for a lithium-ion type battery, comprising: - A source of lithium ions and a recipient of lithium ions; and / or An active material capable of releasing lithium ions into its structure - Carbon-based materials that improve the conductivity of electrodes In the electrode comprising at least a maleimide group, an acrylate group, or The polymer further comprises a polymer having a methacrylate group, and the polymer is a polymer having a methacrylate group and a carbon-based material. The present invention relates to a solvent-free electrode characterized in that the electrode acts as a binder between the electrode and the catalyst.

[0010] According to alternative embodiments of the invention, the electrodes have one or more of the following characteristics: - the polymer further comprises an alkali metal salt and / or an alkaline earth metal salt - the at least maleimide group, acrylate group, or methacrylate group is a terminal group is - the polymer contains at least one maleimide group and a lithium or sodium salt Contains - Active materials are LiFePO4, LiNiMnCoO2, LiCoO2, and Li4Ti5 O 12 or graphite, and the carbon-based material includes activated carbon, carbon black, and and / or graphite - The electrode contains 50-80% by weight, preferably 60-75% active material, 0. 5-5%, preferably 1-4%, of carbonaceous materials, and 10-45%, preferably 20-30%, of Contains 5% polymer said polymer being obtained from a polymerizable composition comprising: A first polymer comprising a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being an alkali metal ion. can coordinate alkali metal cations and / or alkaline earth metal cations, The first polymer, the second portion of which is photoactivatable and / or heatactivatable. an oligonucleotide having at least two photoactivatable and / or thermally activatable groups; Gomer a second polymer comprising a third moiety, the third moiety being a salt of an alkali metal or a second polymer comprising a salt of an alkaline earth metal; Plasticizers the second part of the first polymer under the influence of a temperature of 20 to 150 °C or under the influence of irradiation. Initiating polymerization of the moiety with the photoactivatable and / or heat-activatable groups of the oligomer. Polymerization initiator for a second moiety, and a maleimide group, an acrylate group, or a methacrylate group One or more of the photoactivatable and / or thermally activatable groups The polymerizable composition contains 10 to 50% by weight of a first polymer, based on the total weight of the polymerizable composition. 1 to 20% by weight of a second polymer, 20 to 60% by weight of a third polymer, 1 to 20% by weight of a second polymer, 1 to 20% by weight of a third polymer, 20 to 60% by weight of a fourth polymer, 1 to 2 ... fifth polymer, 20 to 60% by weight of a fifth % by weight of a plasticizer, and 0.01 to 2% by weight of a polymerization initiator. The polymerizable composition contains 0.5 to 5% by weight of an alkali based on the total weight of the polymerizable composition. Further containing metal salts and / or alkaline earth metal salts The first portion of the polymerizable composition comprises a polyethylene oxide portion.

[0011] As used in this disclosure, the term "photoactivatable" refers to light that can be activated by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, infrared (IR) radiation, or the like. ) irradiation, visible light irradiation, or a combination thereof. It includes components, molecules, groups, or moieties that can be activated under the influence of

[0012] As used in this disclosure, the term "heat activatable" means that it can be activated by a change in temperature. Specifically, the temperature change is heating. Advantageously, the activation temperature is 20 to 150°C, preferably 25 to 100°C.

[0013] Heat and / or radiation activation includes the use of hydroxybenzoates for oligomerization, polymerization, or crosslinking. Activation and / or activation to initiate oligomerization, polymerization, or crosslinking But not limited to these.

[0014] An "end group" is considered to be a group present at one end of a polymer (chain).

[0015] As used in this disclosure, a "telechelic oligomer" refers to an oligomer having a chain end at each end. An oligomer that is capable of subsequent polymerization due to the presence of at least one reactive group It is thought that...

[0016] A second aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, comprising: It relates to a cell containing

[0017] Advantageously, the cells contain at least maleimide, acrylate or methacrylate groups. The present invention further includes a solid electrolyte prepared from the polymer having carboxylate groups.

[0018] A third aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a solvent-free electrode as described above, the method comprising the steps of: The process includes the steps of: - Polymerizing the polymerizable composition as described above to form at least a maleimide group and an acrylate group or a step of obtaining a polymer having methacrylate groups - mixing said polymer with a powder of an active material and a powder of a carbon-based material; - hot pressing the resulting mixture to produce an electrode.

[0019] Advantageously, the polymer is ground to obtain a powder before the mixing step. Alternatively, after the mixing step, And before the pressing step, the mixture is ground, preferably under a nitrogen atmosphere.

[0020] Advantageously, the pressing is carried out at a temperature of between 90 and 150°C, preferably between 100 and 140°C, and a period of between 5 and 2 Apply a force of 5 kN, preferably 10 to 20 kN, for 1 to 20 minutes, preferably 3 to 10 minutes. .

[0021] Advantageously, the pressing is carried out between the sheet acting as a separator and the current collector.

[0022] The drawings illustrate non-limiting embodiments of the present invention, illustrating objects, advantages, and features of the present invention. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0023] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 shows a first part that is a component of a polymerizable composition. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 shows a second part that is a component of the polymerizable composition. [Figure 3] FIG. 1 shows a first component of a polymerizable composition. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 illustrates a second component of a polymerizable composition. [Figure 5] FIG. 1 illustrates a third component of a polymerizable composition. [Figure 6] FIG. 1 illustrates components of a battery, particularly a cell battery. [Figure 7] FIG. 1 shows a solvent-free electrode according to the present invention. [Figure 8] 1 is a graph showing the areal capacity of cells including electrodes according to the present invention as a function of the number of charge-discharge cycles. [Figure 9] 1 is a graph showing voltage and current as a function of time for various cycles for a cell including an electrode according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0024] The present invention relates to a solvent-free electrode. The electrode comprises an active material, a carbon-based material, and a mixture of the active material and the carbon. Preferably, the electrode comprises a polymer that acts as a binder between the active material. , a carbon-based material, and a polymer that acts as a binder.

[0025] The active material is a source of lithium ions, a source of lithium ions, and / or a source of lithium ions. or release lithium ions into its structure. Preferably, the active material is L iFePO4, LiNiMnCoO2, LiCoO2, Li4Ti5O 12 , and Gra In the positive electrode, the active material is the source of lithium ions, The active material in the negative electrode is responsible for the capacity and can accept lithium ions due to its structure. It receives and releases lithium ions into its structure through intercalation. The active material for the positive electrode is, more specifically, LiFePO4, LiNiMnCoO2 , or LiCoO2, and more specifically, Li4Ti5O 12 Or It's Laffite.

[0026] The purpose of the carbonaceous material is to improve the conductivity of the electrode. It comprises or consists of carbon black, and / or graphite.

[0027] The binder polymer contains at least a maleimide group, an acrylate group, or a methacrylate group. Preferably, the maleimide group, acrylate group, or methacrylate group Preferably, the maleimide group, acrylate group, or methacrylate group is There are two maleimide groups, one at each end. Preferably, there is at least one maleimide group. do.

[0028] Preferably, the polymer further comprises a salt of an alkali metal and / or an alkaline earth metal. Preferably, it is a lithium salt or a sodium salt. More preferably, This is a lithium salt. Preferably, the polymer contains at least a maleimide group and a lithium The salts include ammonium salts or sodium salts, more preferably lithium salts.

[0029] The electrode contains, by weight, 50 to 80%, preferably 60 to 75%, of active material and 0.5 to 10% of 5%, preferably 1-4%, of carbon-based materials, and 10-45%, preferably 20-35% The polymers include:

[0030] The polymer is obtained from a polymerizable composition comprising: a first polymer comprising a first portion and a second portion, the first portion being an alkali metal ion; can coordinate alkali metal cations and / or alkaline earth metal cations, The first polymer, the second portion of which is photoactivatable and / or heatactivatable. - an oligonucleotide having at least two photoactivatable and / or thermally activatable groups; Gomer a second polymer comprising a third moiety, the third moiety being a salt of an alkali metal or a second polymer comprising a salt of an alkaline earth metal; - Plasticizers - the second part of the first polymer under the influence of a temperature of 20 to 150 ° C or under the influence of irradiation Initiating polymerization of the moiety with the photoactivatable and / or heat-activatable groups of the oligomer. Polymerization initiator for - a second moiety, and a maleimide group, an acrylate group, or a methacrylate group One or more of the photoactivatable and / or thermally activatable groups.

[0031] The first portion of the first polymer of the polymerizable composition according to the present invention comprises a cation of an alkali metal. and / or the cations of the alkaline earth metals are preferably treated with alkaline It can coordinate metal cations and / or alkaline earth metal cations. That is, the first portion is advantageously selected to ensure ionic conductivity within the electrode. Non-limiting examples of such moieties include the polyethylene oxide (PEO) moiety shown in FIG. ethylene glycol (PEG) moiety. Advantageously, in FIG. 1, u represents the repeat number The range is 20 to 80, preferably 30 to 70, more preferably 40 to 60, for example, 50 to 5 Choose from 5.

[0032] The second portion of the first polymer of the polymerizable composition according to the present invention is capable of polymerizing the polymerizable composition. The second portion is therefore photoactivatable and / or Non-limiting examples include the maleimide moiety, acrylate moiety, and and methacrylate moieties.

[0033] Advantageously, the first polymer has a molecular weight of between 1000 and 5000 g / mol, preferably between 1500 and 4000 g / mol, for example, 2000 to 3000 g / mol, more preferably 2250 to It has a molar mass of 2750 g / mol, for example 2350 to 2600 g / mol.

[0034] Advantageously, the first polymer has a concentration of 0.1 to 0.7 mEq (milliEq) per gram of first polymer. equivalent), preferably 0.2 to 0.6 mEq, more preferably 0.3 to 0.5 mEq, e.g. 0.35-0.45 mEq, or a second portion of 0.4 mEq.

[0035] A specific example of the first polymer is α-methoxy-ω-maleimide polyethylene, shown in FIG. oxide, polyethylene glycol methacrylate (PEGMA), and α-methoxy -ω-maleimide polyethylene glycol.

[0036] Advantageously, the polymerizable composition contains from 10 to 50% by weight, preferably from 10 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymerizable composition. The first polymer is preferably contained in an amount of 12 to 45% by weight, for example, 15 to 40% by weight.

[0037] The polymerizable composition also contains an oligomer. The oligomer comprises at least two photoactivatable These groups are attached to the second polymer of the first polymer. The polymer may be polymerized with a third portion of the second polymer. The oligomeric group can be polymerized with at least a third portion of the second polymer. The photoactivatable group and / or the thermally activatable group may be a maleimide group, an acrylate group, or the like. and methacrylate groups.

[0038] Advantageously, the oligomer is present in an amount of 0.1 to 0.7 mEq (milliequivalents) per gram of oligomer, Preferably 0.2 to 0.9 mEq, more preferably 0.3 to 0.8 mEq, for example 0.4 ~0.7 mEq, or 0.5-0.6 mEq of photoactivatable groups and / or heat-activatable It contains a group that can be substituted.

[0039] An example of an oligomer is PPG-block-PEG-block-PPG, α, ω-bis(maleimide), which is a polyethylene with a maleimide group at each end of the chain. Advantageously, x+z is 2 Advantageously, it is 5 to 15, more preferably 6 to 12, for example 8 to 9. , y is 20 to 100, preferably 40 to 80, more preferably 50 to 75, for example 60 ~70, or 62-67.

[0040] Another example of an oligomer is a polyethylene glycol having a methacrylate group (MA) at each end of the chain. Recall (PEG) (PEG-DiMA).

[0041] Advantageously, the oligomer has a molecular weight of 250 to 10,000 g / mol, preferably 500 to 5, 000g / mol, more preferably 750 to 4,000g / mol, for example 1,000 to It has a molar mass of 3,750 g / mol, or between 2,000 and 3,600 g / mol.

[0042] Advantageously, the polymerizable composition contains from 1 to 20% by weight, preferably from 1 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymerizable composition. Alternatively, it contains 2 to 15% by weight, for example, 3 to 15% by weight of oligomer.

[0043] Advantageously, the oligomer comprises at least one photoactivatable group at each end of the oligomer chain. and / or have heat-activatable groups, in which case the oligomer is a telechelic oligomer. By adding the telechelic oligomer to the polymerizable composition, polymerization and This allows for better control over the structure of the resulting polymer network. The polymer network is a linear polymer network. The chain between the two bond points of the polymeric composition is long enough that the polymeric composition is fairly "loose." , the electrode has excellent ionic conductivity.

[0044] Advantageously, the oligomer acts as a plasticizer and / or an amplifier of the ionic conductivity of the electrode. It can act as.

[0045] The second polymer of the polymerizable composition comprises a third portion. Advantageously, the third portion is an aluminum Advantageously, the alkali metals include salts of potassium metals and / or salts of alkaline earth metals. Lithium, sodium, potassium, or a combination thereof. The potassium metal is lithium. Advantageously, the alkaline earth metal is magnesium, beryllium. , calcium, or a combination thereof. Preferably, the alkaline earth metal is magnesium. It is nesium.

[0046] Advantageously, the third portion comprises an alkali metal cation and / or an alkaline earth metal cation. Advantageously, alkali metal cations and / or alkaline earth cations can be provided in the electrodes. The metalloid cations can migrate along the first polymer and oligomer within the electrode. This migration affects the ionic conductivity of the electrode. Furthermore, the second polymer chain is incorporated into the The third part is the mobility of the counter anion of the alkali metal and / or the alkali metal at the electrode. It also reduces the mobility of the counter anions of the alkali metals, which allows This makes it possible to improve the mobility of metals and / or alkaline earth metals.

[0047] FIG. 5 shows an example of a second polymer of a polymerizable composition according to the present invention, where The part is lithium bis(trifluoromethane) sulfimide (LiSTFSI, CAS number :210226-98-5).

[0048] Advantageously, the polymerizable composition contains from 1 to 20% by weight, preferably from 1 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymerizable composition. Alternatively, the second polymer may be contained in an amount of 2 to 15% by weight, for example, 5 to 10% by weight.

[0049] A plasticizer in a polymerizable composition can advantageously solubilize the components of the composition. Examples of plasticizers Examples include, but are not limited to, propylene carbonate.

[0050] Advantageously, the polymerizable composition contains from 20 to 60% by weight, preferably from 20 to 60% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymerizable composition. The plasticizer is preferably contained in an amount of 25 to 55% by weight, for example, 30 to 50% by weight.

[0051] The composition further comprises a polymerization initiator. The polymerization initiator is a polymerization initiator that reacts with the second portion of the first polymer, Photoactivatable and / or thermally activatable groups of the ligomer and the second polymer The polymerization can be initiated during the third portion of the polymerization. The temperature is 20 to 200°C, preferably 20 to 150°C, more preferably 25 to 100°C, e.g. For example, it is carried out under the influence of a temperature of between 30 and 80° C. or under the influence of irradiation. Advantageously, the irradiation is This includes one or more of UV radiation, IR radiation, and visible light (VIS) radiation.

[0052] If the polymerization step is carried out under the influence of irradiation, preferably UV irradiation, for a period of 5 seconds to 20 minutes, For example, 10 seconds to 15 minutes, preferably 20 seconds to 10 minutes, more preferably 30 seconds to 5 minutes, e.g., 4 minutes, 3 minutes, 2 minutes, 1 minute, 55 seconds, 50 seconds, or 45 seconds This is done over and over.

[0053] If the polymerization is carried out under the influence of temperature, it is carried out for 1 minute to 5 hours, preferably 5 minutes to 4 hours, e.g. For example, 10 minutes to 3 hours, 20 minutes to 2.5 hours, or 30 minutes to 2 hours.

[0054] Advantageously, the polymerization initiator is radical in nature. This is referred to in the present disclosure as polymerization initiator. This means that the agent is capable of releasing radicals under the influence of the above temperature or irradiation. These radicals are present among the first polymer, second polymer, and oligomer of the composition. The polymerization is initiated.

[0055] Examples of polymerization initiators include 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) and 2 -Hydroxy-4'-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-2-methylpropiophenone (CA S Number: 106797-53-9), but are not limited to these.

[0056] Advantageously, the polymerizable composition comprises from 0.01 to 2% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymerizable composition, The polymerization initiator is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1 to 1.5% by weight, for example, 0.25 to 1% by weight.

[0057] The polymerizable composition can also contain salts of alkali metals and / or alkaline earth metals. Advantageously, the alkali metal salt contains or is substantially composed of a lithium salt. Advantageously, the salt of an alkaline earth metal contains or essentially contains a magnesium salt. Non-limiting examples of salts include lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl) Lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LIFSI) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (L ITFSI).

[0058] The present inventors have surprisingly found that the polymerizable composition contains an alkali metal salt and / or an alkali metal salt. By adding alkali metal salts, alkali metal salts and / or alkaline earth metal salts can be obtained. Compared with an electrode made using a polymer obtained from a composition without the addition of The inventors have discovered that the improved conductivity is due to the addition of a third polymer to the second polymer. This is believed to be achieved by a synergistic effect between the salt in the composition and another salt added to the composition. do.

[0059] Advantageously, the polymerizable composition contains a salt of an alkali metal and / or a salt of an alkaline earth metal. When the composition contains the polymerizable compound, the composition contains 0.5 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the polymerizable composition. It contains 0.75 to 4% by weight, for example 1 to 3% by weight, of salt.

[0060] The polymer acting as a binder between the active material and the carbon-based material is a polymerizable polymer according to the present disclosure. The electrode is obtained by polymerization of the polymerizable composition. The material is manufactured by extrusion or hot pressing using a mold. The manufacturing method will be explained in more detail (FIG. 7). This method includes the following steps. - polymerizing the polymerizable composition to form at least a maleimide group, an acrylate group, or is a step of obtaining a polymer having a methacrylate group. - mixing the polymer with the powder of the active material and the powder of the carbon-based material; hot pressing the mixture 11 obtained to produce the electrodes 2, 3;

[0061] Advantageously, the polymer is ground before being mixed with the other powders. Alternatively, the polymer and the other powders may be ground. The mixture containing the two powders is ground before polymerization.

[0062] Advantageously, the method comprises freezing the polymer or mixture prior to the grinding step to make the polymer brittle. This step is carried out, for example, under a nitrogen atmosphere.

[0063] The pressing is carried out at a temperature of 90 to 150°C, preferably 100 to 140°C, and at a pressure of 5 to 25 kN, preferably Preferably, the pressure is 10 to 20 kN, and the time is 1 to 20 minutes, preferably 3 to 10 minutes.

[0064] Advantageously, the pressing is carried out between the sheet 9 and the current collector 10. The sheet holds the functional electrode. remain an integral part of the resulting electrode, and cannot be removed or fall off naturally. For example, the sheet may be a cellulose sheet that acts as a separator. The current collector may be made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.

[0065] The present disclosure further relates to a cell including a solvent-free electrode according to the present invention. This shows a button cell configuration known in the prior art as a CR2032 type configuration. It has a structure.

[0066] The cell 1 comprises a negative electrode 2 and a positive electrode 3, at least one of which is made of a formulation according to the present invention. Advantageously, the cell 1 comprises a negative electrode 2 made from the polymerizable composition described above and a positive electrode 3 made from the polymerizable composition described above. It further comprises a solid polymer electrolyte 4 between the electrodes 3 .

[0067] Advantageously, the cell 1 comprises a button cell cover 5, a button cell base 6, a spacer 7, and The spacer 7 and spring 8 are connected to the other components 2, 3, 4, 5 of the cell 1. , 6 are in good contact with each other.

[0068] The active material is 70% by weight of LiFePO4 and 28% by weight of a polymer containing maleimide groups. The performance of cells containing positive electrodes according to the present invention having 2% by weight of carbon black was tested. The positive electrode was made by mixing different powders and placing them between a cellulose sheet and an aluminum current collector. The specimen was prepared by pressing at a pressure of 15 kN and a temperature of 120°C for 5 minutes.

[0069] The theoretical capacity of the positive electrode is 1.25 mAh / cm 3 Commercially available Li4Ti5O 12 (LTO) negative The electrodes were mounted in a battery containing a standard liquid electrolyte (LP30).

[0070] Cell life was tested by charging and discharging between 1.5 and 2.4V for over 30 cycles. The first 10 cycles are shown in Figure 9. The cycle rate for LTO is C / 16, which is This corresponds to a charge of 0.140mA. Charging is performed by passing a constant current, and discharging is performed by passing the same current in the opposite direction. In each cycle, the cell was charged to 100% state of charge and discharged to 100%. Discharged to a depth of 1000 m.

[0071] The results for the two samples are shown in Figure 8, which plots areal capacitance as a function of cycle number. From Figure 8, it can be seen that the loss of areal capacitance after 30 cycles is approximately equal to the areal capacitance of the first cycle. It can be seen that the capacity is less than 25% compared to the conventional method, and the capacity stabilizes after about 15 cycles. In addition, this battery has excellent capacity stability, which means it has a long lifespan. [Explanation of symbols]

[0072] 1 cell 2 negative electrode 3 Positive electrode 4. Solid polymer electrolyte 5 Button cell cover 6 Button Cell Base 7 spacers 8 Springs 9 sheets 10 Current collector 11 mixture u Repeat count

Claims

1. A solvent-free electrode (2, 3) for a lithium-ion battery, comprising: - a source of lithium ions and capable of receiving lithium ions; and and / or an active material capable of releasing lithium ions into its structure. a carbon-based material that improves the conductivity of the electrodes (2, 3); In the electrode comprising at least a maleimide group, an acrylate group, or The polymer further comprises a polymer having a methacrylate group, the polymer being intimately connected to the active material and the carbon. Solvent-free electrodes (2, 3) characterized by acting as a binder between the materials of the system.

2. The polymer further comprises a salt of an alkali metal and / or an alkaline earth metal.

2. Solvent-free electrode (2, 3) according to claim 1, characterized in that it

3. The at least maleimide group, acrylate group, or methacrylate group is a terminal group.

2. Solvent-free electrodes (2, 3) according to claim 1, characterized in that

4. The polymer comprises at least one maleimide group and a lithium or sodium salt.

4. Solvent-free electrode (2, 3) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises

5. The active material is LiFePO ４ , LiNiMnCoO ２ , LiCoO ２ , Li ４ Ti ５ O １２ or graphite, and the carbon-based material is activated carbon, carbon black , and / or graphite, ２、３）。

6. In weight percent, 50 to 80%, preferably 60 to 75%, of the active material; 0.5 to 5%, preferably Preferably 1-4% carbon-based material and 10-45%, preferably 20-35%, polymer.

2. Solvent-free electrode (2, 3) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises:

7. The polymer is a first polymer comprising a first portion and a second portion, said first portion being capable of coordinating alkali metal cations and / or alkaline earth metal cations , wherein the second portion is a first polymer that is photoactivatable and / or thermally activatable. - oligomers having at least two photoactivatable and / or thermally activatable groups; Gomer a second polymer comprising a third moiety, said third moiety being a salt of an alkali metal or or a second polymer containing a salt of an alkaline earth metal. - Plasticizers - under the influence of a temperature of 20 to 150°C or under the influence of irradiation, with the photoactivatable and / or thermally activatable groups of the oligomer. A polymerization initiator for initiating a second moiety, and a maleimide group, an acrylate group, or a methacrylate group One or more of the photoactivatable and / or thermally activatable groups 2. Solvent-free electrodes (2, 3) according to claim 1, characterized in that they are obtained from a polymerizable composition comprising 。

8. The polymerizable composition contains 10 to 50 wt % of the above based on the total weight of the polymerizable composition. a first polymer, 1 to 20% by weight of said oligomer, and 1 to 20% by weight of said second polymer; 20 to 60% by weight of the plasticizer, and 0.01 to 2% by weight of the polymerization initiator.

8. Solvent-free electrode (2, 3) according to claim 7, characterized in that

9. The polymerizable composition contains 0.5 to 5 wt % of aluminum based on the total weight of the polymerizable composition.

8. The method of claim 7, further comprising the step of: Or the solvent-free electrode (2, 3) according to 8.

10. The first portion of the polymerizable composition is characterized by comprising a polyethylene oxide portion.

8. Solvent-free electrodes (2, 3) according to claim 7.

11. At least one of the two electrodes (2, 3) is a solvent-free electrode ( Cell (1) containing (2, 3).

12. The polyimide having at least a maleimide group, an acrylate group, or a methacrylate group 12. The cell (1) of claim 11, further comprising a solid electrolyte made from a polymer.

13. 2. A method for producing a solvent-free electrode (2, 3) according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: The polymerizable composition according to claim 7 is polymerized to form at least a maleimide group, an acrylate group, and a hydroxyl group. obtaining the polymer having acrylate or methacrylate groups; - mixing said polymer with a powder of active material and a powder of carbon-based material; - hot pressing the mixture (11) obtained to produce the electrodes (2, 3).

2. A method for producing a solvent-free electrode (2, 3) according to claim 1, comprising:

14. The press is performed at a temperature of 90 to 150°C, preferably 100 to 140°C, and at a pressure of 5 to 25 kN. Preferably, the pressure is 10 to 20 kN for 1 to 20 minutes, preferably 3 to 10 minutes.

14. A method for producing a solvent-free electrode (2, 3) according to claim 13.

15. The mixture (11) is pressed between a sheet (9) and a current collector (10).

15. The method for producing a solvent-free electrode (2, 3) according to claim 13 or 14,

16. The polymer is pulverized before or after the mixing step.

14. A method for producing a solvent-free electrode (2, 3) according to claim 13.

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