Bridge covering block and bridge structure

Abstract

To easily construct a drainage function, and to smoothly and sufficiently perform drainage.SOLUTION: The ground cover (G) includes a recess (10) covering an upper surface (3) and a side surface (4) of the side edge portion (2) of the floor slab (1), an inflow port (21) through which rainwater on a surface of the floor slab (1) flows into the paved portion (P), and a drainage channel (20) through which the rainwater from the inflow port (21) flows out of the bridge. The drainage channel 20 is constituted by having a receiving port opened oppositely to a side end surface of the pavement part P and receiving rainwater on the pavement part side.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to concrete bridge ground protection blocks that are installed along the side edges of bridges, and to bridge structures constructed using these bridge ground protection blocks. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, as shown in Figure 16, this type of bridge ground protection block Ba is made of concrete, with a plurality of blocks connected in series along the bridge axis direction at the side edge 2 in the bridge width direction of a deck slab 1 on which a pavement P of the bridge is laid, to form a ground protection Ga, and the blocks are provided with recesses 100 that cover the upper surface 3 and side surface 4 of the side edge 2 of the deck slab 1. A bridge structure KSa using this ground protection block is constructed by connecting a plurality of the above-mentioned bridge ground protection blocks Ba in series along the bridge axis direction at the side edge 2 in the bridge width direction of the deck slab 1 to form a ground protection Ga, and laying a pavement P on the deck slab 1. The ground protection blocks Ba are fixed to the deck slab 1, for example, using anchors 101 (see, for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-55619 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-146721). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Publication No. 3-55619 [Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-146721 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] However, in the bridge structure KSa using this conventional ground cover block Ba, there was a problem in that rainwater and the like that fell on the pavement P could not be smoothly drained. For this reason, drainage was attempted by providing gaps between adjacent ground cover blocks Ba and draining the water through these gaps, or by installing separate drainage pipes inside the ground cover blocks Ba, but this makes construction more complicated. The present invention was made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a bridge ground cover block and bridge structure that makes it easy to construct drainage functions and enables smooth and sufficient drainage. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] To achieve this objective, the bridge ground guard block of the present invention is a concrete bridge ground guard block that is provided with a recess that covers the top and side surfaces of the side edges of the deck slab, and is installed in a series along the bridge axis direction at the side edges in the bridge width direction of the deck slab on which the pavement of the bridge is laid, and The bridge has an inlet on the pavement side through which rainwater from the surface of the pavement flows in, and a drainage channel is formed inside to allow the rainwater from the inlet to flow out of the bridge.

[0006] Therefore, when constructing a bridge, for example, if the deck consists of a main body and a surface portion formed by pouring adjusted concrete on the surface of the main body, multiple bridge slab blocks are installed in a row along the bridge axis along the side edges of the main body of the deck in the bridge width direction to form the slab. The slab blocks are adhesively fixed to the deck with mortar or other adhesives, or are fixed to the deck with anchor bolts or fasteners. In this case, a drainage channel is provided on the bridge to allow rainwater to flow outside the bridge, and the slab blocks are installed so that their drainage channels are connected to the drainage channel. Then, for example, adjusted concrete is poured into the main body of the deck to form the surface portion, and a pavement such as asphalt or concrete is laid on this surface portion, using a waterproof sheet as needed.

[0007] In this case, the installation of ground cover blocks forms a drainage channel in the pavement, which requires fewer parts and is easier to construct than when separate drainage pipes are installed, making it easier to establish a drainage function. In a bridge structure constructed in this way, rainwater on the surface of the pavement can flow from the inlet through the drainage channel and out of the bridge. This allows for smooth and sufficient drainage. However, it is not an issue to install a separate drainage pipe to increase drainage capacity.

[0008] If necessary, the drainage channel is configured with an inlet facing the side edge of the pavement to receive rainwater from the pavement side. As a result, when a bridge is constructed, in the above example, the side edge of the pavement faces the inlet. Therefore, although some rainwater may seep into the pavement, this rainwater is received by the inlet from the side edge of the pavement, particularly from the underside of the pavement, and flows into the drainage channel. This allows rainwater from inside the pavement to be drained, resulting in smoother and more efficient drainage. In particular, when the pavement is installed via a waterproof sheet, rainwater flowing down the waterproof sheet can be reliably received by the inlet, improving drainage efficiency.

[0009] In this configuration, it is effective to have at least the inlet open continuously between a pair of end faces perpendicular to the bridge axis direction. Multiple inlets and inlets can be installed at desired intervals along the bridge axis direction. However, if they are open continuously between a pair of end faces perpendicular to the bridge axis direction, these openings will be longer along the bridge axis direction, allowing rainwater to flow in evenly, making it easier to deal with large amounts of rainwater. In particular, this configuration ensures that at least the inlet is open continuously between a pair of end faces perpendicular to the bridge axis direction, ensuring even drainage of rainwater from within the pavement. In particular, if the pavement is installed via a waterproof sheet, the inlet can reliably receive rainwater flowing down the waterproof sheet, improving drainage efficiency.

[0010] More specifically, the bridge ground covering block of the present invention is configured to have, as necessary, an upper side surface, a lower side surface, an inner elevation having a covering surface that covers the side end surface of the pavement and an exposed surface that is continuous with the covering surface and protrudes above the surface of the pavement, an outer elevation surface opposite the inner elevation surface, a pair of end surfaces perpendicular to the bridge axis direction, a bottom surface that forms the recess and abuts against and covers the upper surface of the side edge portion of the deck slab, and an inner side surface that forms the recess and abuts against and covers the side surface of the side edge portion of the deck slab, The drainage channel is configured to include an inlet opening on the exposed surface of the inner elevation, an inlet opening on the covered surface of the inner elevation, and a flow outlet opening on the end surface through which rainwater flows from the inlet and inlet.

[0011] As a result, when constructing a bridge, in the above example, adjusted concrete is poured into the main body of the deck to form a surface portion, and the surface of this surface portion is set so that it is flush with the lower edge of the inlet. It is also advisable to lay the pavement so that the surface on the inlet side is flush with the lower edge of the inlet. In this configuration, the drainage channel outlet is opened at the end face, so it can be connected to the outlet of another ground cover block installed adjacent in the bridge axis direction, allowing rainwater to flow along the bridge axis direction.

[0012] If necessary, the circulation ports are formed on each of the pair of end faces, and the drainage channel is configured to include a main channel that has the circulation ports on both ends and runs along the bridge axis, an inlet channel that runs from the inlet to the main channel, and a water conduit that runs from the receiving inlet to the main channel, and the circulation port of the main channel of the drainage channel is connected to the circulation port of the main channel of another ground protection block that is located adjacent to it in the bridge axis direction, thereby configuring it as an intermediate ground protection block that allows rainwater to flow along the bridge axis direction.

[0013] This means that by connecting relay ground cover blocks, a long drainage channel can be created in the direction of the bridge axis, and rainwater can be drained by flowing into the relay ground cover blocks.For example, a discharge point can be created at the end of the bridge to allow rainwater to flow outside the bridge, and it can be drained from there.

[0014] In addition, if necessary, the circulation ports are formed on each of the pair of end faces, and an outflow port is formed on the outer elevation side to allow rainwater to flow outside the bridge, and the drainage channel is configured to include a main channel that has the circulation ports on both ends and runs along the bridge axis, an inflow channel from the inlet to the main channel, a water conduit from the receiving port to the main channel, and an outflow channel from the main channel to the outlet, and the circulation port of the main channel of the drainage channel is connected to the circulation port of the main channel of another ground cover block that is located adjacent in the bridge axis direction, thereby allowing rainwater to flow along the bridge axis direction and configuring it as a discharge ground cover block that allows rainwater to flow to the outside from the outflow port.

[0015] This allows, for example, a ground cover to be formed by combining the above-mentioned relay ground cover blocks and this discharge ground cover block in a series. For example, discharge ground cover blocks can be placed at both ends of the bridge in the bridge axis direction, and relay ground cover blocks can be placed in series between the discharge ground cover blocks (see Figure 13(a)). That is, the outlets of the discharge ground cover blocks can be configured as discharge points and installed on both ends of the bridge. In this case, the flow openings located at the outermost sides of the main passage of the discharge ground cover blocks can be blocked with concrete before or after construction. This allows rainwater to flow along the bridge axis through the drainage channels of the relay ground cover blocks and to flow out through the outlets of the discharge ground cover blocks. Furthermore, if discharge ground cover blocks are installed midway along the bridge axis, rainwater can flow out through the outlets of the discharge ground cover blocks midway along the bridge (see Figure 13(b)). This increases the degree of design freedom.

[0016] In this case, one of the outlets at both ends of the main passage can be blocked. This blocking of the outlet can be done before or after construction. As mentioned above, this is effective when, for example, placing discharge ground cover blocks at the bridge axis end of a bridge (see Figure 13).

[0017] Furthermore, if necessary, the receiving inlet may comprise a main inlet of the required size and a sub-inlet having a lower edge that is continuous with the lower edge of the main inlet and having a vertical width smaller than that of the main inlet, the main inlets and sub-inlets being alternately connected along the axial direction of the bridge, and the headrace conduit may comprise main passages that are provided corresponding to each main inlet and lead to the main passage, and groove-shaped sub-passages that communicate with each sub-inlet and also with the main passage. Since the vertical width of the sub-portion is smaller than that of the main port, the pavement can be securely held down by the wall surface between the main ports.

[0018] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the bridge structure of the present invention is constructed by forming a ground cover by arranging a plurality of concrete bridge ground cover blocks along the axial direction of the bridge to cover the top and side surfaces of the side edges of the deck in the bridge width direction, and laying a pavement on the deck using waterproof sheets as necessary, and the ground cover is formed using the bridge ground cover blocks. This has the same functions and effects as the above.

[0019] In this configuration, the pavement is laid on the deck via a waterproof sheet, and a strip of elastite is attached to the covering surface above the waterproof sheet, including the inlet opening on the inner elevation, to hold the pavement in place. The presence of the elastite prevents asphalt from getting into the inlet opening when the pavement is laid, ensuring the opening is secure. Furthermore, because the elastite is attached above the waterproof sheet, rainwater that flows down the waterproof sheet can be more reliably received by the inlet, improving drainage efficiency in this respect as well.

[0020] The bridge structure of the present invention is a bridge structure in which a plurality of concrete bridge ground cover blocks are arranged in a row along the bridge axis direction to cover the top and side surfaces of the side edges of the deck in the bridge width direction, and a pavement is laid on the deck using a waterproof sheet as needed. It is effective to form the ground cover by combining and connecting the relay ground cover block and the discharge ground cover block. This allows for a wide range of locations for draining rainwater outside the bridge, depending on the combination of relay and discharge block, thereby increasing the degree of freedom in design. [Effects of the Invention]

[0021] According to the present invention, by constructing ground cover blocks on bridges, drainage channels are formed in the pavement. This reduces the number of parts required and simplifies construction compared to installing separate drainage pipes, making it easier to implement drainage functions. In a bridge structure constructed in this way, rainwater on the surface of the pavement can be drained from the inlet through the drainage channel and out of the bridge, thereby ensuring smooth and sufficient drainage. Furthermore, if the bridge is configured with an inlet facing the side edge of the pavement to receive rainwater, rainwater inside the pavement can also be drained, making drainage even smoother and more sufficient. In particular, if the pavement is installed via a waterproof sheet, rainwater flowing down the waterproof sheet can be reliably received by the inlet, improving drainage efficiency. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0022] [Figure 1] 1 is a diagram showing an example of a bridge ground covering block according to an embodiment of the present invention and a bridge structure constructed using the same; [Figure 2] 1 is a perspective view showing a bridge ground protection block, which is a relay ground protection block, according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 3] 1 is a front view showing a bridge ground protection block, which is a relay ground protection block, according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3, showing a bridge grade protection block, which is a relay grade protection block, according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3 showing a bridge ground protection block, which is a relay ground protection block according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 6]1 is a partially cross-sectional perspective view showing a discharge ground cover block, which is a bridge ground cover block according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 7] 1 is a front view showing a bridge ground cover block according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a discharge ground cover block. [Figure 8] 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in FIG. 7, showing a discharge ground covering block, which is a bridge ground covering block according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 9] 3. This is an end view corresponding to line CC in FIG. 3 showing a bridge ground protection block according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a relay ground protection block (discharge ground protection block), and also showing a bridge structure using this block. [Figure 10] 3. FIG. 4 is an end view corresponding to line DD in FIG. 3 showing a bridge ground protection block according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a relay ground protection block (discharge ground protection block), and also showing a bridge structure using the same. [Figure 11] 8 is an end view corresponding to line FF in FIG. 7 showing a bridge ground protection block according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a discharge ground protection block, and a bridge structure using the same. [Figure 12] FIG. 11 is an enlarged end view of a main part of FIG. [Figure 13] 1A and 1B are diagrams showing examples of combinations of ground protection blocks according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 14] 8 showing a modified example of the ground protection block according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15] 10A and 10B are perspective views showing another example of a ground protection block according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 16] 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional bridge ground covering block and a bridge structure using the same. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0023] Hereinafter, a bridge ground covering block and a bridge structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Components similar to those described above will be designated by the same reference numerals. As shown in Figures 1 to 13, the bridge ground cover block B according to the embodiment is made of concrete and is installed in multiples along the bridge axis direction on the side edge 2 in the bridge width direction of the deck 1 on which the pavement P of the bridge K is laid via a waterproof sheet S to form the ground cover G. As shown in Figures 1, 9 to 12, the deck slab 1 consists of a main body 1a and a surface portion 1b formed by pouring adjusted concrete on the surface between the ground covers G on the left and right sides of the main body 1a. In Figure 1, the symbol R indicates a parapet installed on the ground cover.

[0024] The bridge ground covering block B in the embodiment of the present invention is provided in two types: a relay ground covering block B(T) shown in Figures 2 to 5, 9, 10 and 12, and a discharge ground covering block B(H) shown in Figures 6 to 12. First, the common configuration of the relay block B(T) and the discharge block B(H) will be explained. These ground covering blocks B are configured with a recess 10 covering the upper surface 3 and side surface 4 of the side edge 2 of the main body 1a of the deck slab 1, and are configured with an upper surface 11, a lower surface 12, an inner elevation 13 having a covered surface 13a covering the side end surface Pa of the paving section P and an exposed surface 13b that is continuous with the covered surface 13a and protrudes above the surface of the paving section P, an outer elevation 14 opposite the inner elevation 13, a pair of end surfaces 15 perpendicular to the bridge axis direction, a bottom surface 16 that forms the recess 10 and abuts against and covers the upper surface 3 of the side edge 2 of the deck slab 1, and an inner surface 17 that forms the recess 10 and abuts against and covers the side surface 4 of the side edge 2 of the deck slab 1.

[0025] Furthermore, these ground covering blocks B have rectangular inlet ports 21 that open to the exposed surface 13b of the inner elevation 13 and through which rainwater from the surface of the pavement P flows in, as well as outlet ports 22 that open to the end surface 15 and through which rainwater flows from the inlet ports 21, and a drainage channel 20 is formed to allow the rainwater to flow out of the bridge K through the outlet ports 22. Furthermore, the drainage channel 20 is configured to have an inlet port 23 that opens to the covered surface 13a of the inner elevation 13 and receives rainwater from the inside of the pavement P.

[0026] The inlet 21 is formed in a rectangular shape of a required size, and multiple inlets (three in this embodiment) are provided at required intervals along the bridge axis direction. The receiving inlet 23 opens continuously across a pair of end faces 15 that are perpendicular to the bridge axis direction. The receiving inlet 23 is provided so that its opening position is below the inlet 21.

[0027] In more detail, the circulation ports 22 are formed at symmetrical positions on the pair of end faces 15, and the drainage channel 20 is configured with a main channel 25 that has circulation ports 22 at both ends and runs along the bridge axis, an inflow channel 26 that runs from the inlet 21 to the main channel 25, and a headrace channel 24 that runs from the receiving port 23 to the main channel 25. An inflow channel 26 that runs to the main channel 25 is provided for each inlet 21. This allows the circulation ports 22 of the main channel 25 of the drainage channel 20 to communicate with the circulation ports 22 of the main channel 25 of another ground cover block B that is provided adjacently in the bridge axis direction, allowing rainwater to flow along the bridge axis direction and to be guided to a discharge point (in this embodiment, the below-described outlet 30 of the discharge ground cover block B(H)).

[0028] The inlet 23 is configured with a main inlet 23a of a required size and a sub-inlet 23b, which has a lower edge continuous with the lower edge of the main inlet 23a and a vertical width smaller than that of the main inlet 23a. A plurality of main inlets 23a (four in this embodiment) are provided at required intervals along the bridge axis direction, and the main inlets 23a and sub-inlets 23b are alternately arranged in series along the bridge axis direction. The inlet 21 and the main inlets 23a are also alternately arranged in the bridge axis direction. The headrace 24 is configured with main channels 24a provided corresponding to each main inlet 23a and leading to the main channel 25, and groove-shaped sub-channels 24b that communicate with each sub-inlet 23b and also communicate with the main channel 24a.

[0029] 6 to 8, the discharge ground cover block B(H) has an outflow outlet 30 formed in the center of the bridge axis direction on the outer elevation 14 side, which allows rainwater to flow out of the bridge K. In this embodiment, the outflow outlet 30 is formed in a rectangular bulge 31 protruding from the outer elevation 14. In the discharge ground cover block B(H), the drainage channel 20 is composed of a main channel 25 having circulation ports 22 at both ends along the bridge axis direction, an inflow channel 26 extending from the inlet 21 to the main channel 25, a headrace channel 24 extending from the inlet 23 to the main channel 25, and an outflow channel 32 extending from the main channel 25 to the outflow outlet 30. The lower surfaces of the outflow outlet 30 and the outflow channel 32 are located lower than the lower surfaces of the inlet 21 and the inlet channel 26, and are formed to be flush with the lower surfaces of the inlet 23 and the headrace channel 24.

[0030] Furthermore, each covering block B has a plurality of bolt insertion holes 40 (four in this embodiment) formed at required intervals that penetrate between the upper surface 11 and the bottom surface 16 and through which anchor bolts 41 are inserted for fixing to the deck slab 1. As shown in Figure 10, mounting holes 42 corresponding to the bolt insertion holes 40 are formed in the side edge portion 2 of the deck slab 1, and the anchor bolts 41 are inserted into the bolt insertion holes 40 and the mounting holes 42 and secured with nuts 43.

[0031] In this embodiment, the dimensions of each cover block B are set, for example, as follows: length in the bridge axis direction 1000 mm, width between inner elevation 13 and outer elevation 14 600 mm, and height between upper surface 11 and lower surface 12 520 mm. Also, the inlet 21 is set to 100 mm length x 120 mm width, the main port 23a of receiving port 23 is set to 50 mm length x 50 mm width, the vertical width of the sub-port 23b of receiving port 23 is set to 10 mm, the outlet 22 is set to 170 mm length x 100 mm width, and the outlet 30 is set to 100 mm length x 120 mm width. The dimensions of each part are not limited to these, and can, of course, be determined as appropriate.

[0032] Next, a bridge structure KS according to an embodiment will be described. As shown in Figures 1, 9 to 13, this bridge structure KS is constructed by arranging a plurality of concrete bridge ground cover blocks B in the bridge axis direction on both side edges 2 in the bridge width direction of the main body 1a of the deck 1 to cover the top surface 3 and side surfaces 4 of the main body 1a, forming ground cover G, pouring adjusting concrete between the left and right ground covers G on the surface of the main body 1a to form the surface portion 1b of the deck 1, and laying a pavement P of asphalt, concrete, or the like on the surface of this surface portion 1b with a waterproof sheet S interposed therebetween.

[0033] In this embodiment, relay ground cover blocks B(T) and discharge ground cover blocks B(H) are combined and connected to form a ground cover G. As shown in Figure 13(a), for example, discharge ground cover blocks B(H) are placed at both ends of a bridge K in the bridge axis direction, and relay ground cover blocks B(T) are connected between the discharge ground cover blocks B(H). In other words, the outlets 30 of the discharge ground cover blocks B(H) are configured as discharge points for discharging rainwater outside the bridge K. In this case, the flow openings located at the outermost positions of the main passage of the discharge ground cover blocks B(H) can be blocked with concrete blinds 60 before or after construction.

[0034] These ground cover blocks B are fixed to the deck slab 1 with anchor bolts 41. The anchor bolts 41 are inserted into the bolt insertion holes 40 and mounting holes 42 and tightened with nuts 43, thereby fixing these ground cover blocks B to the deck slab 1. Joint material can be inserted as appropriate at the joints between the ground cover blocks B.

[0035] Furthermore, the surface portion 1b of the deck slab 1, formed by pouring the adjusted concrete, is set so that its surface is flush with the lower edge of the receiving port 23 (see Figure 12). A waterproof sheet S and paving section P are laid on top of this. The underside of the waterproof sheet S faces the sub-port 23b of the receiving port 23. As shown in Figures 9, 11, and 12, in this embodiment, a strip of elastite 50 is attached to the covering surface 13a, including the opening of the receiving port 23 on the inner elevation 13 of the ground cover block B, above the waterproof sheet S, to hold down the paving section P. The paving section P is laid so that its surface on the inlet 21 side is flush with the lower edge of the inlet 21. Because the vertical width of the sub-port 23b is smaller than the vertical width of the main port 23a, the paving section P can be securely held down by the wall surface between the main port 23a. A balustrade R (Figure 1) is provided on the ground cover G.

[0036] Next, a construction example of a bridge structure KS according to this embodiment will be described. This is a construction example when repairing a bridge K equipped with a dam formed integrally with the deck slab. First, the existing parapets are removed from the dam, and the dam is also removed from the deck slab (S1). Next, the concrete constituting the pavement and the surface of the deck slab is removed to form the main body 1a of the deck slab 1 (S2). The water distribution pipe is also removed (S3). Next, the base of the main body 1a of the deck slab 1 is adjusted. In particular, the top surface 3 and side surface 4 of the side edge portion 2 in the bridge width direction are shaped (S4). In this state, the necessary relay dam block B(T) and discharge dam block B(H) are transported (S5). These are sequentially installed at the required locations on the side edge portion 2 of the main body 1a of the deck slab 1 and fixed with anchor bolts 41 (S6). Next, adjusted concrete is poured into the main body 1a of the deck slab 1 to form the surface portion 1b (S7). Thereafter, a waterproof sheet S is laid on the surface of the surface portion 1b of the deck slab 1, and a strip of elastite 50 is attached to the covering surface 13a of the ground cover block B above the waterproof sheet S, and a paving portion P is constructed using asphalt or concrete (S8). In addition, a parapet R (Figure 1) is provided on the ground cover G.

[0037] In this case, when laying the pavement P, the presence of elastite 50 prevents asphalt and other materials from entering the receiving port 23, ensuring the opening of the receiving port 23. Furthermore, by constructing the ground cover blocks B, the drainage channel 20 of the pavement P is formed, which requires fewer parts and is easier to construct than when a separate drainage pipe is installed, making it easier to establish a drainage function. Note that it is acceptable to install a separate drainage pipe to increase drainage capacity. Furthermore, the ground cover blocks B are fixed to the deck slab 1 with anchor bolts 41, ensuring secure fixation.

[0038] In the bridge structure KS constructed in this manner, rainwater on the surface of the pavement P flows from the inlet 21 through the drainage channel 20 and out the bridge K through the outlet 30 of the discharge ground cover block B(H), which is the discharge point. This allows for smooth and sufficient drainage. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 9 to 12, the side end face Pa of the pavement P faces the receiving port 23. While some rainwater may infiltrate the interior of the pavement P, this rainwater is received by the receiving port 23 from the side end face Pa of the pavement P, primarily from the underside of the pavement P, and flows into the drainage channel 20 through the water conduit 24. This allows for even smoother and more sufficient drainage, making it easier to handle large amounts of rainwater.

[0039] In particular, because the elastite 50 is attached above the waterproof sheet S, rainwater flowing down the waterproof sheet S can be more reliably received by the inlet 23, thereby improving drainage efficiency. Furthermore, at the inlet 23, the main inlet 23a and the sub-inlet 23b are continuously open across a pair of end faces 15 perpendicular to the bridge axis direction, ensuring that rainwater is evenly drained from inside the pavement P. In particular, as shown in Figure 12, when the pavement P is installed via the waterproof sheet S, rainwater flowing down the waterproof sheet S can be reliably received by the inlet 23, improving drainage efficiency.

[0040] Furthermore, in this structure, as shown in Figure 13(a), a discharge ground cover block B(H) with a discharge point (outlet 30 of the discharge ground cover block B(H)) that drains rainwater outside the bridge K is installed at the end of the bridge K, and a relay ground cover block B(T) is installed in between, so that the drainage channel 20 can be installed long in the bridge axis direction, and rainwater can be flowed into the relay ground cover block B(T) and drained from the end of the bridge K.

[0041] Figure 13(b) shows another example of a combination of a relay ground cover block B(T) and a discharge ground cover block B(H). This shows a case where the discharge ground cover block B(H) is installed midway along the bridge axis of the bridge K. At the midway point of the bridge K, rainwater can be discharged to the outside from the outlet 30 of the discharge ground cover block B(H).

[0042] Figure 14 shows another example of a discharge ground cover block B(H) among the bridge ground cover blocks B according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this discharge ground cover block B(H), the flow port 22 is formed in one of a pair of end faces 15, and the other flow port 22 is blocked and blinded in advance during the manufacturing stage. In this type, if two types of discharge ground cover blocks B(H) in which the end faces 15 forming the flow port 22 are formed in different mirror symmetry are prepared in advance, they can be used as the discharge ground cover blocks B(H) to be installed at both ends in the bridge axis direction of the bridge K shown in Figure 13(a).

[0043] FIG. 15 shows a relay guard block B(T) as another embodiment of a bridge guard block B. The relay guard block B(T) shown in FIG. 15(a) has an inlet 23 that is continuously opened and of the same size across a pair of end faces perpendicular to the bridge axis direction, and the headrace channel 24 is configured as a single plate-shaped space formed between the inlet 23 and the main channel 25. The discharge guard block B(H) can be similarly configured. The relay guard block B(T) shown in FIG. 15(b) has both the inlet 21 and the inlet 23 that are continuously opened and of the same size across a pair of end faces 15 perpendicular to the bridge axis direction. The inlet channel 26 leading to the main channel 25 and the headrace channel 24 on the main channel 25 side branch into multiple parts that communicate with the main channel 25. The discharge guard block B(H) can also be similarly configured. This configuration also achieves the same functions and effects as those described above.

[0044] In the above embodiment, the rainwater discharge point on the bridge K is configured by providing a discharge ground cover block B(H) and its outlet 30, but this is not necessarily limited to this. For example, a discharge-only ground cover block may be installed that does not have an inlet 21 and an inlet 23, and that has only a drainage channel 20 with a flow port 22 on the end face 15 and an outlet 30 on the outer elevation 14, and appropriate modifications may be made. Of course, the various cover blocks B may be combined in any way. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the outlet 30 on the discharge ground cover block B(H) is provided on the outer elevation 14, but this is not necessarily limited to this. It may also be provided on the lower surface 12, and appropriate modifications may be made.

[0045] Furthermore, in the above-described embodiments, the overall size and shape, the number and sizes of the inlets 21 and the receiving inlets 23, and other dimensions of each part are not limited to those described above, and can, of course, be determined as appropriate. Furthermore, in the bridge structure according to the above-described embodiment, an example has been shown in which the present invention is applied to repairing an existing bridge, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and it is of course applicable to newly constructed bridges. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily make many modifications to these exemplary embodiments without substantially departing from the novel teachings and effects of the present invention, and these many modifications are within the scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0046] B Bridge ground cover block B(T) Relay block B(H) Discharge ground cover block K Bridge G ground cover R high railing KS bridge structure 1 floor slab 1a Main unit 1b Surface part 2 Side edges 3 Top surface 4 Sides P Pavement section Pa side end face S waterproof sheet 10 recess 11 Top side 12 Lower side 13 Inside elevation 13a Covered surface 13b Exposed surface 14 External elevation 15 End face 16 Bottom 17 Inner surface 20 Drainage Channel 21 Inlet 22 Distribution port 23 Inlet 23a Main Entrance 23b Sub-exit 24 Waterway 24a Main Road 24b Sub-Route 25 Main road 26 Inflow channel 30 Outlet 31 Bulge 32 Outflow channel 40 Bolt insertion hole 41 Anchor bolt 42 Mounting hole 43 Nut 50 Elastite 60 Blind wood

Claims

1. A concrete bridge guard block is provided with a recess that covers the top and sides of the side edge of the deck slab, on which the pavement of the bridge is laid, and is arranged in a row along the bridge axis to form a guard. A bridge ground cover block characterized by having an inlet on the pavement side through which rainwater from the surface of the pavement flows in, and a drainage channel formed inside to allow rainwater from the inlet to flow out of the bridge.

2. 2. A bridge ground covering block according to claim 1, wherein the drainage channel has an inlet that opens facing the side end face of the pavement and receives rainwater from the pavement side.

3. 3. A bridge ground covering block according to claim 2, characterized in that at least the inlet of the inlet and the inlet is opened continuously across a pair of end faces perpendicular to the bridge axis direction.

4. The bridge is configured to have an upper side, a lower side, an inner elevation having a covering surface that covers the side end surface of the pavement and an exposed surface that is continuous with the covering surface and protrudes above the surface of the pavement, an outer elevation on the opposite side to the inner elevation, a pair of end surfaces that are perpendicular to the bridge axis direction, a bottom surface that forms the recess and abuts against and covers the upper surface of the side edge portion of the deck slab, and an inner side surface that forms the recess and abuts against and covers the side surface of the side edge portion of the deck slab, A bridge ground covering block as described in claim 3, characterized in that the drainage channel is configured to include an inlet opening on the exposed surface of the inner elevation, an inlet opening on the covered surface of the inner elevation, and a outlet opening on the end surface through which rainwater flows from the inlet and inlet.

5. The bridge ground cover block as described in claim 4, characterized in that the circulation ports are formed on each of the pair of end faces, the drainage channel is configured as follows: a main channel having the circulation ports at both ends and running along the bridge axis direction, an inlet channel extending from the inlet to the main channel, and a water conduit extending from the receiving port to the main channel; the circulation port of the main channel of the drainage channel is connected to the circulation port of the main channel of another ground cover block located adjacent to the bridge axis direction, thereby configuring it as an intermediate ground cover block that allows rainwater to flow along the bridge axis direction.

6. The bridge ground cover block as described in claim 4, characterized in that the circulation ports are formed on each of the pair of end faces, and an outflow port is formed on the outer elevation side to allow rainwater to flow outside the bridge, the drainage channel is configured to comprise a main channel along the bridge axis direction having the circulation ports on both ends, an inflow channel from the inlet to the main channel, a water conduit from the receiving port to the main channel, and an outflow channel from the main channel to the outflow outlet, and the circulation port of the main channel of the drainage channel is connected to the circulation port of the main channel of another ground cover block located adjacent in the bridge axis direction, allowing rainwater to flow along the bridge axis direction and allowing rainwater to flow to the outside from the outflow port.

7. 7. A bridge ground covering block according to claim 6, wherein one of the flow ports at both ends of the main road is blocked.

8. 7. A bridge ground covering block according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the receiving entrance comprises a main entrance of the required size and a sub-opening having a lower edge continuous with the lower edge of the main entrance and having a vertical width smaller than that of the main entrance, the main entrances and sub-openings being alternately connected along the bridge axis, and the water conduit comprises main passages provided corresponding to each main entrance and leading to the main passage, and groove-shaped sub-passages communicating with each sub-opening and communicating with the main passage.

9. In this bridge structure, concrete bridge ground cover blocks are installed in succession along the bridge axis direction to cover the top and side surfaces of the side edges of the deck in the bridge width direction, forming ground cover, and paving sections are laid on the deck using waterproof sheets as needed. A bridge structure, characterized in that a ground cover is formed using the bridge ground cover block according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. The bridge structure described in claim 9, characterized in that the pavement is laid on the deck via a waterproof sheet, and a strip of elastite is attached to the covering surface including the receiving entrance opening on the inner elevation of the bridge ground covering block, above the waterproof sheet, to hold down the pavement.

11. In this bridge structure, concrete bridge ground cover blocks are installed in succession along the bridge axis direction to cover the top and side surfaces of the side edges of the deck in the bridge width direction, forming ground cover, and paving sections are laid on the deck using waterproof sheets as needed.

8. A bridge structure comprising a bridge guard formed by combining and connecting the relay guard block according to claim 5 and the discharge guard block according to claim 6 or 7.

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