Combustion device and combustion method

Abstract

To burn hydrogen at a low speed.SOLUTION: The combustion device 10 has a diffusion part 2 for diffusing hydrogen gas into water in a bubble shape, and a combustion part for burning the diffused hydrogen gas on a water surface.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a combustion device and a combustion method. [Background technology]

[0002] There are known methods for burning hydrogen gas, such as passing hydrogen gas or a combustion gas containing hydrogen as a main component through water in the form of bubbles or contacting the gas with the water surface, adding 5 to 50% by volume of steam, and then burning the gas. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 51-130929 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] When burning hydrogen gas, problems arise such as low energy efficiency due to its fast combustion speed and the generation of NOx. In one aspect, the present invention is directed to the slow combustion of hydrogen. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a combustion device having a diffusion section that diffuses hydrogen gas in the form of bubbles into a non-flammable or flame-retardant liquid, and a combustion section in which the diffused hydrogen gas burns on the surface of the liquid. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] In one embodiment, slow combustion of hydrogen can be achieved. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0007] [Figure 1] 1 is a front view of a combustion device according to a first embodiment. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. [Figure 3] FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing a combustion device according to a second embodiment. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional side view showing a combustion device according to a third embodiment. [Figure 5] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional side view showing a combustion device according to a fourth embodiment. [Figure 6] FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a combustion device according to a fifth embodiment. [Figure 7] FIG. 10 is a front view showing a combustion device according to a fifth embodiment. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 10 is a partially see-through perspective view showing a combustion device according to a sixth embodiment. [Figure 10] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion device according to a sixth embodiment. [Figure 11] FIG. 12 is a transparent perspective view showing a combustion apparatus according to a seventh embodiment. [Figure 12] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a combustion device according to a seventh embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0008] Hereinafter, combustion devices according to embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0009] In order to facilitate understanding of the invention, the position, size, shape, range, etc. of each component shown in the following drawings may not represent the actual position, size, shape, range, etc. Therefore, the present invention is not necessarily limited to the position, size, shape, range, etc. disclosed in the drawings, etc. In the embodiments, elements expressed in the singular include the plural unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context. <Embodiment> Fig. 1 is a front view of the combustion apparatus according to the first embodiment, and Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in Fig. 1. The combustion device 10 of the first embodiment has a housing 1 and a diffusion section 2. The housing 1 has a U-shaped tube 1a and a tube 1b that is an inlet for injecting hydrogen. The tube 1a has circular openings 1a1 and 1a2.

[0010] Pipe 1a is filled with a non-flammable or flame-retardant liquid (e.g., water) and serves as a reservoir. In the following explanation, it is assumed to be filled with water. Figure 1 illustrates the water level 20. Opening 1a1 on the left side of pipe 1a in Figure 2 serves as a water supply port. Also, by visually checking inside pipe 1a through opening 1a1, it is possible to confirm whether water is being supplied sufficiently to pipe 1a. A detection unit (not shown) may be provided to detect the water level inside pipe 1a. The opening 1a2 on the right side serves as a combustion port where a flame is generated. The water surface 20 at the opening 1a2 becomes the combustion area for hydrogen gas. Tube 1b is connected to tube 1a and is located near opening 1a2. Tube 1b has a hydrogen injection port.

[0011] In this embodiment, the diffusion section 2 is disposed inside the tube 1b. The diffusion section 2 has a porous sintered body 2a with numerous small pores and gaps formed therein. The porous sintered body 2a is provided between the hydrogen injection port and the tube 1a. The porous sintered body 2a diffuses hydrogen supplied from the pipe 1b in the form of bubbles in the water. Next, an example of the operation of the combustion device 10 will be described.

[0012] First, pipe 1a is filled with water. Then, hydrogen is injected through pipe 1b. The injected hydrogen is diffused in the form of bubbles by porous sintered body 2a. The diffused hydrogen reaches water surface 20. At this time, a spark is brought close to water surface 20, causing the hydrogen to combust on the water surface 20.

[0013] As described above, the combustion device 10 has a diffusion section 2 that diffuses hydrogen gas into the water in the form of bubbles, and a combustion section that burns the diffused hydrogen gas on the water surface. Therefore, hydrogen gas can be burned little by little on the water surface 20, achieving slow combustion of hydrogen.

[0014] Furthermore, the amount of NOx generated by the rise in temperature in the combustion area can be significantly reduced, and the risk of backfire due to low flow rates can be reduced. This makes it possible to achieve safe and easy-to-handle hydrogen combustion. <Second embodiment> Next, a combustion apparatus according to a second embodiment will be described.

[0015] The following description of the combustion apparatus of the second embodiment will focus on the differences from the combustion apparatus of the first embodiment, and will omit a description of similar points. Furthermore, in the following embodiments, parts that have the same functions even if they have different shapes will be given the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment, and their description will be omitted. FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus according to the second embodiment. A combustion apparatus 10a according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3 differs from the combustion apparatus according to the first embodiment in that a pipe 1c serving as an oxygen inlet is provided. An oxygen diffusion section 3 is disposed at the end of the tube 1c. The oxygen diffusion section 3 has a porous sintered body 3a. The porous sintered body 3a diffuses oxygen supplied from the pipe 1c in the form of bubbles in the water. Next, an example of the operation of the combustion device 10a will be described.

[0016] First, pipe 1a is filled with water. Then, hydrogen is injected through pipe 1b. The injected hydrogen is diffused in the form of bubbles by the porous sintered body 2a. The diffused hydrogen reaches the water surface 20. At this time, a spark is brought close to the water surface 20, causing the hydrogen to combust at the water surface 20. If it is desired to increase the combustion at the water surface 20, oxygen is injected through pipe 1c. The injected oxygen is diffused in the form of bubbles by the porous sintered body 3a. The diffused oxygen reaches the water surface 20. This allows the combustion at the water surface 20 to be increased. According to the combustion device 10a of the second embodiment, the same effects as those of the combustion device 10 of the first embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, according to the combustion device 10a of the second embodiment, the combustion on the water surface 20 can be further increased. <Third embodiment> Next, a combustion apparatus according to a third embodiment will be described. The combustion apparatus of the third embodiment will be described below, focusing on the differences from the combustion apparatus of the first embodiment described above, and a description of the similarities will be omitted. FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus according to the third embodiment. A combustion device 10b of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4 differs from the combustion device of the first embodiment in the structure of the combustion port and the position of the diffusion section 2.

[0017] The combustion device 10b has a cylindrical combustion chamber 4 with a bottom. The shape of the combustion chamber is not limited to a cylindrical shape and may be rectangular or the like. An opening 4a is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber 4. The opening 4a is connected to the pipe 1a. When water is supplied from the opening 1a1, the water enters the combustion chamber 4 from the opening 4a and is supplied to the combustion chamber 4 up to the same height as the water surface 20. The area of ​​the water surface 40 in the combustion chamber 4 is larger than the water surface 20.

[0018] An opening 4b is provided on the side of the combustion chamber 4. A pipe 1b that supplies hydrogen to the combustion chamber 4 is connected to the opening 4b. A diffusion section 2 is attached to the end of the pipe 1b. The porous sintered body 2b of the diffusion section 2 is located approximately in the center of the lower part of the combustion chamber 4 in a plan view. Next, an example of the operation of the combustion device 10b will be described.

[0019] First, water is injected through tube 1a to fill the combustion chamber 4. Then, hydrogen is injected through tube 1b. The injected hydrogen is diffused in the form of bubbles by the porous sintered body 2b. Because the porous sintered body 2b is located approximately in the center of the lower part of the combustion chamber 4 in a plan view, the diffused hydrogen reaches the water surface 40 evenly. At this time, a spark is brought close to the water surface 40, causing the hydrogen to combust at the water surface 40. According to the combustion device 10b of the third embodiment, the same effects as those of the combustion device 10 of the first embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, according to the combustion device 10b of the third embodiment, the area of ​​the water surface 40 is larger than that of the water surface 20, so that the combustion area can be increased. <Fourth embodiment> Next, a combustion apparatus according to a fourth embodiment will be described. The combustion apparatus of the fourth embodiment will be described below, focusing on the differences from the combustion apparatus of the third embodiment described above, and a description of the similarities will be omitted. FIG. 5 is a side cross-sectional view showing a combustion apparatus according to the fourth embodiment.

[0020] A combustion apparatus 10c of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5 differs from the combustion apparatus 10b of the third embodiment in that a pipe 1c serving as an oxygen inlet is provided in the combustion apparatus 10b of the third embodiment.

[0021] An opening 4c is provided on the side of the combustion chamber 4. A pipe 1c that supplies oxygen to the combustion chamber 4 is connected to the opening 4c. An oxygen diffusion section 3 is disposed at the end of the pipe 1c. The oxygen diffusion section 3 has a porous sintered body 3b. The porous sintered body 3b is disposed in a position approximately in the center of the lower part of the combustion chamber 4, above the porous sintered body 2b (closer to the water surface 40). Next, an example of the operation of the combustion device 10c will be described.

[0022] First, water is injected through tube 1a to fill combustion chamber 4. Then, hydrogen is injected through tube 1b. The injected hydrogen is diffused in the form of bubbles by porous sintered body 2b. The diffused hydrogen reaches water surface 40. At this time, a spark is brought close to water surface 40, causing the hydrogen to combust on water surface 40.

[0023] To increase the combustion at the water surface 40, oxygen is injected through the pipe 1c. The injected oxygen is diffused in the form of bubbles by the porous sintered body 3b. Since the porous sintered body 3b is located in the approximate center of the lower part of the combustion chamber 4 in plan view, the diffused oxygen reaches the water surface 40 evenly. This allows the combustion at the water surface 40 to be increased. According to the combustion apparatus 10c of the third embodiment, the same effects as those of the combustion apparatus 10b of the third embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, according to the combustion device 10c of the fourth embodiment, the combustion on the water surface 40 can be further increased. <Fifth embodiment> Next, a combustion apparatus according to a fifth embodiment will be described.

[0024] FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the combustion apparatus of the fifth embodiment, FIG. 7 is a front view showing the combustion apparatus of the fifth embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. The combustion apparatus of the fifth embodiment will be described below, focusing on the differences from the combustion apparatus of the first embodiment described above, and a description of the similarities will be omitted. A combustion device 10d according to a fifth embodiment shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 differs from the combustion device according to the first embodiment in the structure of the combustion port and the position of the diffusion section 2. The combustion device 10d has a stove-like combustion chamber 5. The combustion chamber 5 has a cylindrical shape with a hollow center and a bottom.

[0025] An opening 5a connected to the pipe 1a is provided on the side of the combustion chamber 5. When water is supplied from the opening 1a1, the water enters the opening 5a and is supplied to the combustion chamber 5 up to the same height as the water surface 20. In FIG. 8, a water surface 50 at the same height as the water surface 20 is illustrated.

[0026] An opening 5b is provided on the side of the combustion chamber 5. A pipe 1b that supplies hydrogen to the combustion chamber 5 is connected to the opening 5b. A diffusion section 2 is attached to the end of the pipe 1b. The diffusion section 2 has a porous sintered body 2c that is annular. The porous sintered body 2c is arranged along the side of the combustion chamber 5 so as to surround the side. Next, an example of the operation of the combustion device 10d will be described.

[0027] First, water is injected through tube 1a to fill combustion chamber 5. Next, hydrogen is injected through tube 1b. The injected hydrogen is diffused in the form of bubbles by porous sintered body 2c. The diffused hydrogen reaches water surface 50. At this time, a spark is brought close to water surface 50, causing the hydrogen to combust at water surface 50. According to the combustion apparatus 10d of the fifth embodiment, the same effects as those of the combustion apparatus 10 of the first embodiment can be obtained. Sixth Embodiment Next, a combustion apparatus according to a sixth embodiment will be described. FIG. 9 is a partially see-through perspective view showing a combustion apparatus according to the sixth embodiment, and FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the combustion apparatus according to the sixth embodiment. The combustion apparatus of the sixth embodiment will be described below, focusing on the differences from the combustion apparatus of the first embodiment described above, and a description of the similarities will be omitted. The combustion device 10e of the sixth embodiment differs from the combustion device of the first embodiment in the structure of the combustion port and the structure of the diffusion section 2.

[0028] The combustion device 10e has a combustion chamber 6 in the shape of a rectangular cylinder with a bottom. The shape of the combustion chamber 6 is not limited to a rectangular cylinder, and may be cylindrical, etc. An opening 6a is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber 6. The opening 6a is connected to the pipe 1a. By supplying water from the opening 1a1, the water enters the combustion chamber 6 from the opening 6a and is supplied to the combustion chamber 6 up to the same height as the water surface 20. The area of ​​the water surface 60 in the combustion chamber 6 is larger than the water surface 20. Furthermore, the pipe 1a in this embodiment can also serve as an inlet for injecting hydrogen.

[0029] An opening 6b is provided on the side of the combustion chamber 6. The diffusion unit 2 of the sixth embodiment has a motor 2c, a shaft 2d, and a propeller 2e. The propeller 2e is connected to the motor 2c via the shaft 2d. The shaft 2d is inserted into the opening 6b. Also, within the combustion chamber 6, a guide 6c is arranged to guide the hydrogen supplied from the opening 6a to the vicinity of the propeller 2e. Next, an example of the operation of the combustion device 10e will be described.

[0030] First, water is injected through tube 1a to fill combustion chamber 6. Next, motor 2c is driven to rotate propeller 2e, injecting hydrogen through tube 1a. The injected hydrogen passes through opening 6a and is guided to propeller 2e by guide 6c. The guided hydrogen is dispersed into bubbles by propeller 2e. The diffused hydrogen reaches water surface 60. At this time, a spark is brought close to water surface 60, causing the hydrogen to combust on water surface 60. According to the combustion apparatus 10e of the sixth embodiment, the same effects as those of the combustion apparatus 10 of the first embodiment can be obtained. Furthermore, according to the combustion device 10e of the sixth embodiment, the area of ​​the water surface 60 is larger than that of the water surface 20, so that the combustion area can be increased. Seventh Embodiment Next, a combustion apparatus according to a seventh embodiment will be described. FIG. 11 is a see-through perspective view showing a combustion apparatus according to the seventh embodiment, and FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the combustion apparatus according to the seventh embodiment. The combustion apparatus of the seventh embodiment will be described below, focusing on the differences from the combustion apparatus of the first embodiment described above, and a description of the similarities will be omitted. The combustion device 10f of the seventh embodiment differs from the combustion device of the first embodiment in the structure of the combustion port and the structure of the diffusion section 2.

[0031] The combustion device 10f has a cylindrical combustion chamber 7 with a bottom. The shape of the combustion chamber 7 is not limited to a cylindrical shape and may be a rectangular tube shape or the like. Five (plural) openings 7a are provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber 7. The number of openings 7a is not limited to five. FIG. 12 illustrates a water surface 70. The openings 7a are arranged so that hydrogen bubbles are supplied over a wide area of ​​the water surface 70. Specifically, in this embodiment, the openings 7a are arranged at approximately equal intervals (with respect to a line segment of the diameter of the bottom) at the center and at positions that equally divide the center and the ends. The arrangement positions of the openings 7a are not limited to this. For example, five openings may be arranged at equal intervals around the center at positions that equally divide the center and the ends. If the bottom of the combustion chamber is rectangular, the openings may be arranged at equal intervals with respect to a line segment of the diagonal of the bottom.

[0032] Furthermore, in the combustion device 10f of the seventh embodiment, a pipe 1d is connected to supply hydrogen to the combustion chamber 7. A branch pipe 1d1 is connected to the end of the pipe 1d, and each opening 7a is connected to this branch pipe 1d1. The diffusion section 2 of this embodiment has a plurality of porous sintered bodies 2a arranged above each opening 7a in the combustion chamber 7. Each porous sintered body 2a diffuses hydrogen supplied from the pipe 1b in the form of bubbles in the water. Next, an example of the operation of the combustion device 10f will be described.

[0033] Water is supplied from the opening at the top end of the combustion chamber 7. Hydrogen is then injected from the pipe 1d. The injected hydrogen is branched by the branch pipe 1d1 and guided to each opening 7a. The hydrogen that passes through each opening 7a is diffused in the form of bubbles by each porous sintered body 2a. The diffused hydrogen reaches the water surface 70. At this time, the openings 7a are arranged at equal intervals in the center and at a position equally dividing the center and the end, so hydrogen is supplied over a wide area of ​​the water surface 70. At this time, by bringing a spark of fire close to the water surface 70, the hydrogen will burn on the water surface 70. According to the combustion apparatus 10f of the seventh embodiment, the same effects as those of the combustion apparatus 10 of the first embodiment can be obtained.

[0034] Furthermore, according to the seventh embodiment of the combustion device 10f, multiple hydrogen supply points (openings 7a) are provided to the combustion chamber 7, and are arranged so that hydrogen bubbles are supplied over a wide area of ​​the water surface 70, so that the hydrogen supply points are not biased and hydrogen can be supplied evenly over the water surface 70.

[0035] While the combustion apparatus and method of the present invention have been described above based on the illustrated embodiments, the present invention is not limited to these, and the configuration of each part can be replaced with any configuration having a similar function. Furthermore, other optional components and steps may be added to the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention may be a combination of any two or more configurations (features) of the above-described embodiments. [Explanation of symbols]

[0036] 1 chassis 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d tube 1a1, 1a2 opening 1a3 Branch pipe 2 Diffusion section 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b Porous sintered body 3. Oxygen diffusion section Combustion chambers 4, 5, 6, and 7 4a, 4b, 4c, 5a, 5b, 7a opening 10, 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e Combustion device 20, 40, 60, 70 water surface

Claims

1. a diffusion section that diffuses hydrogen gas in bubbles into a non-flammable or flame-retardant liquid; a combustion section in which the diffused hydrogen gas is combusted on the surface of the liquid; A combustion device comprising:

2. a hydrogen inlet for injecting the hydrogen gas and a reservoir for storing the liquid; 2. The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the diffusion section has a porous section provided between the hydrogen injection port and the storage section.

3. a hydrogen inlet for injecting the hydrogen gas and a reservoir for storing the liquid; 2. The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the diffusion section has a propeller provided between the hydrogen injection port and the storage section.

4. a reservoir for storing the liquid; The combustion device according to claim 1 , wherein the diffusion section is disposed substantially at the center of the storage section in a plan view.

5. 5. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an oxygen diffusing section for diffusing oxygen in the form of bubbles into the liquid.

6. a bottomed storage portion that stores the liquid and has a hollow center in a plan view; The combustion device according to claim 1 , wherein the diffusion section is disposed along a side of the storage section so as to surround the side of the storage section.

7. a hydrogen inlet for injecting the hydrogen gas and a reservoir for storing the liquid; The combustion device according to claim 1 , wherein the diffusion section is disposed at a plurality of locations in the storage section.

8. The combustion device according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of diffusion sections are arranged at substantially equal intervals along a diameter or a diagonal line of the bottom of the storage section.

9. Hydrogen gas is dispersed in the form of bubbles into a non-flammable or flame-retardant liquid, and the dispersed hydrogen gas is combusted on the surface of the liquid. A combustion method characterized by:

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