Ultrasonic anemometer

Abstract

To provide an ultrasonic anemometer in which reliability is enhanced by reducing the possibility of occurrence of trouble.SOLUTION: The ultrasonic anemometer 100 includes a housing, an ultrasonic transceiver mounted on the housing, and a vibration isolating member covering a part of an upper surface of the ultrasonic transceiver and a part of a side surface of an upper portion of the ultrasonic transceiver, wherein the vibration isolating member is sandwiched between the ultrasonic transceiver and the housing, and a wiring connected to the ultrasonic transceiver is drawn upward from the upper surface of the ultrasonic transceiver exposed from the vibration isolating member.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to ultrasonic anemometers. [Background technology]

[0002] For example, an ultrasonic transmitter / receiver is known that includes a metal plate, an acoustic matching body fixed to one side of the metal plate, a piezoelectric body fixed to the other side of the metal plate and generating vibrations, and an insulating vibration-damping member that covers the back surface of the piezoelectric body opposite the fixing surface to the metal plate (see, for example, Patent Document 1). [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] International Publication No. 2013 / 183292 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the prior art, there was a problem with drawing out the wiring connected to the piezoelectric element.

[0005] The present disclosure provides an ultrasonic anemometer that reduces the risk of malfunction and improves reliability. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The ultrasonic anemometer according to the present disclosure comprises a housing, an ultrasonic transmitter / receiver mounted in the housing, and a vibration-damping member covering part of the top surface of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver and part of the side surface of the upper part, the vibration-damping member being sandwiched between the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver and the housing, and wiring connected to the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver being pulled upward from the top surface exposed from the vibration-damping member of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] The present disclosure can provide an ultrasonic anemometer that reduces the risk of malfunctions and improves reliability. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an ultrasonic anemometer according to an embodiment; [Figure 2] FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating an ultrasonic anemometer according to an embodiment, showing a cross section along an XZ plane. [Figure 3] FIG. 2 is a bottom view illustrating the bottom surface of the upper body of the ultrasonic anemometer according to the embodiment. [Figure 4] 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating an ultrasonic transmitter / receiver, a vibration-proof member, a pressing member, a sealing member, and a filling member. FIG. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating an ultrasonic transmitter / receiver, a vibration-isolating member, and wiring. [Figure 6] 3 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating an ultrasonic transmitter / receiver, a vibration-proof member, a pressing member, a sealing member, and a filling member. FIG. [Figure 7] 2 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating the main parts of an ultrasonic transmitter / receiver, a vibration-proof member, a pressing member, a sealing member, and a filling member. FIG. [Figure 8] 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating an example of an inner circumferential surface and a stepped surface of a housing portion that houses an ultrasonic transmitter / receiver. FIG. [Figure 9] FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged perspective view illustrating an ultrasonic transmitter / receiver, wiring, and a pressing member. [Figure 10] 10 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a gap between an ultrasonic transmitter / receiver and an inner circumferential surface of a housing portion of an ultrasonic anemometer according to a modified example. FIG. [Figure 11] FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged perspective view illustrating wiring, a pressing member, a wiring substrate, and a semiconductor device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Hereinafter, an ultrasonic anemometer according to an embodiment will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification and the drawings, substantially identical components may be designated by the same reference numerals to avoid redundant description. Furthermore, in this specification, the terms "upper" and "lower" may be used. These refer to the "upper" and "lower" states shown in, for example, Figures 1 and 2, where the side where the upper body 10 is located in the Z-axis direction is referred to as "upper" and the side where the lower body 20 is located as "lower."

[0010] [Ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to the embodiment] FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating an ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to an embodiment, showing a cross section along the XZ plane. FIG. 3 is a bottom view illustrating the bottom surface of the upper body 10 of the ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to an embodiment. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating the ultrasonic transceiver 30, the vibration-isolating member 70, the pressing member 90, the sealing member 120, and the filling member 150. FIG. 5 is a perspective view illustrating the ultrasonic transceiver 30, the vibration-isolating member 70, and the wiring 81, 82. FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating the ultrasonic transceiver 30, the vibration-isolating member 70, the pressing member 90, the sealing member 120, and the filling member 150. FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating main parts of the ultrasonic transceiver 30, the vibration-isolating member 70, the pressing member 90, the sealing member 120, and the filling member 120. Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating inner circumferential surfaces 181-183 and step surfaces 184, 185 of a housing section 180 that houses an ultrasonic transceiver 30. Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged perspective view illustrating the ultrasonic transceiver 30, wiring 81, 82, and a pressing member 90. Fig. 10 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a gap between the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the inner circumferential surface 181 of the housing section 180 of an ultrasonic anemometer 30 according to a modified example. Fig. 11 is a partially enlarged perspective view illustrating the wiring 81, 82, the pressing member 90, a wiring board 160, and a semiconductor device.

[0011] In each drawing, the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions may be shown as being orthogonal to one another. The X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions do not have to be orthogonal to one another. The X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions may be any directions.

[0012] The ultrasonic anemometer 100 shown in Figures 1 to 3 is a wind direction and speed measurement device that measures the wind direction and speed of a fluid to be measured based on the propagation time of ultrasonic waves transmitted and received between an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver. The ultrasonic anemometer 100 can determine the wind speed from fluctuations in the speed of sound in the air (approximately 340 m / s). The distance between the ultrasonic transmitter and the ultrasonic receiver is known, and the wind direction and speed of the fluid can be measured based on the difference in the propagation time of the ultrasonic waves.

[0013] As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ultrasonic anemometer 100 includes an upper body 10, a lower body 20, and multiple support columns 13. The upper body 10 and the lower body 20 are spaced apart in the Z-axis direction. The multiple support columns 13 extend in the Z-axis direction and support the upper body 10 relative to the lower body 20. The lower ends of the support columns 13 are fixed to the lower body 20, and the upper ends of the support columns 13 are fixed to the upper body 10. The upper body 10 is equipped with multiple ultrasonic transmitter / receivers 30 and a wiring board 160 (see FIG. 5). As shown in FIG. 3, four ultrasonic transmitter / receivers 30 are arranged on the upper body 10. The ultrasonic transmitter / receivers 30 are arranged at the vertices of a substantially square.

[0014] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the ultrasonic anemometer 100 includes a top plate 11, a plurality of (for example, four) ultrasonic transmitters / receivers 30 (31 to 34), and a reflector 21.

[0015] [Upper frame 10] The upper body 10 has a main body 15 and an umbrella portion 40. The main body 15 includes a top plate 11. The main body 15 is equipped with a plurality of ultrasonic transceivers 30. The top plate 11 is disposed at the bottom of the main body 15. The top plate 11 is, for example, disk-shaped. The plurality of ultrasonic transceivers 30 are held by the main body 15. Here, the main body 15 includes a portion where the ultrasonic transceivers 30 are disposed. A storage portion may be formed inside the main body 15 to store a wiring board 160 connected to the ultrasonic transceiver 30, etc. The portion of the upper body 10 inside the straight line L15 is the main body 15. The straight line L15 is a line extending from the side surface 15a of the main body 15 in the Z-axis direction.

[0016] The upper body 10 holds the ultrasonic transceiver 30 so that the bottom surface 30b of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 is exposed. The ultrasonic transceiver 30 is held by the top plate 11, with the bottom surface 30b exposed downward. The umbrella portion 40 will be described later. The "upper body" is an example of a "housing" that houses the ultrasonic transceiver.

[0017] [1st plane 12] The top plate 11 has a first plane 12. The first plane 12 is a surface along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. The first plane 12 is the bottom surface of the top plate 11.

[0018] [Multiple ultrasonic transmitters / receivers 30] As shown in Fig. 3, the multiple ultrasonic transmitters / receivers 30 include ultrasonic transmitters / receivers 31 to 34. The ultrasonic anemometer 100 may include three or more ultrasonic transmitters / receivers 30. The ultrasonic transmitters / receivers 30 are ultrasonic transmitters that transmit ultrasonic waves and ultrasonic receivers that receive ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic transmitters / receivers 31 and 32 are positioned apart in the X-axis direction. The ultrasonic transmitters / receivers 33 and 34 are positioned apart in the Y-axis direction.

[0019] [Lower body 20] 2, the lower body 20 has a reflector 21. The lower body 20 is disposed at a predetermined distance from the upper body 10 in the Z-axis direction. A flow path 101 is formed between the upper body 10 and the lower body 20.

[0020] [Reflector 21] The reflecting plate 21 is provided on the upper part of the lower body 20. The reflecting plate 21 is disposed so as to face the top plate 11 in the Z-axis direction. A flow path 101 is formed between the top plate 11 and the reflecting plate 21, through which the fluid to be measured can pass. The fluid to be measured may be, for example, air. The reflecting plate 21 has a surface that reflects ultrasonic waves transmitted from the ultrasonic transceiver 30. The ultrasonic waves are emitted into the flow path 101 from the bottom surface 10b of the ultrasonic transceiver 30.

[0021] [2nd plane 22] The reflector 21 has a second plane 22. The second plane 22 may be the upper surface of the reflector 21. The second plane 22 is a plane that faces the first plane 12 in the Z-axis direction and is parallel to the second plane 22. The second plane 22 is a plane that extends along the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. The second plane 22 is disposed in the center of the reflector 21 when viewed in the Z-axis direction. The reflector 21 has, for example, a circular shape. Furthermore, when viewed in the Z-axis direction, the second plane 22 includes an area that overlaps with the first plane 12. The second plane 22 may be formed in the center of the reflector 21, or may be formed on the entire surface of the reflector 21.

[0022] [Side 3 23] The reflector 21 has a third surface 23. The third surface 23 is formed around the second plane 22 when viewed in the Z-axis direction. The third surface 23 is formed so as to surround the second plane 22. The third surface 23 may be, for example, a conical slope. As shown in FIG. 2 , in a cross section along the XZ plane, the third surface 23 includes an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the second plane 22. The upper end of the third surface 23 is located closer to the second plane 22 in the X-axis direction than the lower end of the third surface 23. In the Z-axis direction, the lower end of the third surface 23 is located further outward than the upper end of the third surface 23. The third surface 23 is inclined outward so as to face the opposite side to the second plane 22. The outer end of the third surface 23 is located lower than the inner end. "Outward" may also mean that the outer end is located lower than the inner end. "Downward" refers to a direction away from the top plate 11 in the Z-axis direction. The third surface 23 includes a position overlapping with the ultrasonic transceivers 30 when viewed in the Z-axis direction. The third surface 23 includes a surface disposed directly below the plurality of ultrasonic transceivers 30. The reflecting plate 21 may have only the second plane 22 and may not have the third surface 23.

[0023] [Reflected wave] Ultrasonic waves transmitted from the ultrasonic transceiver 31 on the transmitting side are reflected by the second plane 22 and received by the ultrasonic transceiver 32 on the receiving side.

[0024] [Umbrella section 40] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the umbrella portion 40 is formed to surround the main body 15. The umbrella portion 40 is formed along the outer periphery of the main body 15. The umbrella portion 40 has an annular shape when viewed in the Z-axis direction. The outer surface of the umbrella portion 40 forms an inclined surface 41. The portion of the upper body 10 that is outside the straight line L15 may be the umbrella portion 40.

[0025] As shown in FIG. 2, the lower part of the umbrella part 40 is formed to expand in the X-axis direction. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1, when the ultrasonic anemometer 100 is viewed as a whole, the lower part of the umbrella part 40 is formed to expand in the radial direction of the upper body 10. The radial direction of the upper body 10 is a direction intersecting the center line CL1 of the upper body 10 and includes the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. The radial direction may also be the radial direction of a virtual circle centered on the center line CL1 of the upper body 10. The inclined surface 41 is inclined so that the lower side of the inclined surface 41 is positioned outward in the radial direction of the upper body 10 compared to the upper side of the inclined surface 41. The lower side of the inclined surface 41 is positioned outward in the radial direction of the upper body 10 compared to the upper side of the inclined surface 41.

[0026] The maximum outer diameter of the umbrella portion 40 is larger than the outer diameter of the reflector 21. In the X-axis direction, the tip 40a of the umbrella portion 40 is disposed radially outward from the end 20a of the upper surface of the reflector 21.

[0027] The umbrella portion 40 includes a plate-shaped portion. The thickness direction of the plate-shaped portion of the umbrella portion 40 is a direction inclined with respect to the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction on the XZ plane shown in FIG.

[0028] [Cavity 50] As shown in FIG. 2, a hollow portion 50 is formed in the upper body 10. The hollow portion 50 is formed between the main body 15 and the umbrella portion 40 in the radial direction of the upper body 10. The hollow portion 50 is formed inside the umbrella portion 40 in the radial direction of the upper body 10. The hollow portion 50 is a recessed portion that is recessed upward. The hollow portion 50 is formed around the entire circumference of the umbrella portion 40. The hollow portion 50 is formed between the side surface 15a of the main body 15 and the inner surface 43 of the umbrella portion 40. The "inside" refers to the side closer to the center line CL1 of the upper body 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The "outside" refers to the side farther from the center line CL1 of the upper body 10.

[0029] [Corner portion 16a at the bottom of main body 15 of upper body 10] As shown in FIG. 4, the bottom of the upper body 10 has a corner 16a that is located more inward than the umbrella portion 40 in the X-axis direction. The bottom of the upper body 10 includes the first flat surface 12 of the top plate 11. The corner 16a may be an end of the first flat surface 12. The corner 16a may be a lower end of the side surface 15a of the main body 15. The corner 16a includes a surface that contacts the hollow portion 50. The corner 16a may also include a surface that contacts the flow path 101. In a cross section along the Z-axis direction, the corner 16a is rounded. The corner 16a includes a curved surface. The corner 16a is formed around the entire periphery of the main body 15.

[0030] [Recess 17] As shown in FIG. 5 , a recess 17 is formed in the bottom of the main body 15. The recess 17 is a groove recessed above the first plane 12. The recess 17 is formed in an annular shape when viewed in the Z-axis direction. The recess 17 may be formed intermittently in an arc shape. The recess 17 is disposed inside the corner 16a. The recess 17 is disposed outside the ultrasonic transceivers 30. The recess 17 is disposed so as to surround the ultrasonic transceivers 30. In other words, the ultrasonic transceivers 30 are disposed inside the annular recess 17. In the radial direction, a convex portion 18 is formed between the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the recess 17, protruding toward the flow path 101 from the bottom surface 30b of the ultrasonic transceiver 30. The recess 17 may be formed at a position higher than the bottom surface 30b of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 in the Z-axis direction, or at the same height as the bottom surface 30b.

[0031] [Inclination angle θ1 of inclined surface 41 of umbrella portion 40] The umbrella portion 40 has an inclined surface 41 that is inclined at an inclination angle θ1 with respect to the first plane (XY plane, horizontal plane) 12. The inclined surface 41 is the outer surface of the umbrella portion 40. The inclined surface 41 and the inner surface 43 face each other in the thickness direction of the umbrella portion 40. The inclination angle θ1 of the inclined surface 41 of the umbrella portion 40 is set so that the kinetic energy of the raindrops 110 falling on the inclined surface 41 is greater than the surface tension energy of the raindrops 110 adhering to the inclined surface 41. The inclination angle θ1 may be, for example, 65 degrees. The inclination angle θ1 is the angle between a line along the X-axis and a line along the inclined surface 41.

[0032] [First and second parts of upper body 10] The upper body 10 may have a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is, for example, the main body 15. The second portion is the umbrella portion 40. The main body 15 and the umbrella portion 40 are formed, for example, as a single unit. The main body 15 is formed, for example, in a cylindrical shape. The umbrella portion 40 forms, for example, a conical surface. The umbrella portion 40 is connected to the main body 15 as shown in FIG. 4. The main body 15 and the umbrella portion 40 may be made of a material such as resin. The material of the main body 15 and the umbrella portion 40 is not limited to resin and may be other materials.

[0033] The umbrella portion 40 may include a protruding piece 44 that protrudes radially from the side surface 15a of the main body 15, and an inclined portion 45 that extends diagonally downward from the protruding piece 44. The protruding piece 44 connects the main body 15 and the inclined portion 45. The thickness direction of the protruding piece 44 is along the Z-axis direction. The inclined portion 45 extends diagonally downward from the radially outer end of the protruding piece 44. The outer surface of the inclined portion 45 forms an inclined surface 41.

[0034] The umbrella portion 40, which is the second portion, may be formed integrally with the main body 15, which is the first portion, or may be formed as a separate member. The umbrella portion 40 may be configured to be detachable from the main body 15. The umbrella portion 40 may have a structure that allows it to be attached to and detached from the main body 15. The umbrella portion 40 may be attached to the main body 15 via another member, for example.

[0035] [Taper of bottom 42 of umbrella portion 40] The bottom 42 of the umbrella portion 40 is tapered. The bottom 42 may be the bottom surface of the inclined portion 45. In the bottom 42 of the umbrella portion 40, the radially inner end 42a is positioned higher than the radially outer end (tip 40a). The end 42a may be the end where the bottom 42 and the inner surface 43 intersect. The angle θ2 of the taper of the bottom 42 from the first plane 12 to the Z-axis direction may be, for example, 12.5 degrees. The bottom 42 of the umbrella portion 40 is tapered, and the end 42a is positioned higher than the tip 40a. This prevents raindrops 110 that adhere to and fall on the inclined surface 41 from entering the cavity 50 in the ultrasonic anemometer 100. The raindrops 110 are prevented from moving upward along the tapered bottom 42, and thus are prevented from entering the cavity 50.

[0036] [Shielding plate 60] As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the ultrasonic anemometer 100 includes a shielding plate 60. The shielding plate 60 is an example of a shielding portion. As shown in FIG. 4, the shielding plate 60 is arranged to cover the opening of the cavity 50. The opening of the cavity 50 faces downward. As described above, the cavity 50 is formed to be recessed upward. As shown in FIG. 3, the shielding plate 60 is arranged outward of the multiple ultrasonic transmitters and receivers 30 in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. The shielding plate 60 is formed to be ring-shaped when viewed in the Z-axis direction. The shielding plate 60 may be formed to cover the entire periphery of the opening of the cavity 50. The shielding plate 60 may be formed to cover the entire surface of the opening of the cavity 50.

[0037] 2 and 4, the shielding plate 60 has an upper surface 60a and a lower surface 60b that face each other in the plate thickness direction. The lower surface 60b is disposed above the first plane 12 of the main body 15. The lower surface 60b is disposed farther away from the lower body 20 in the Z-axis direction than the first plane 12. The first plane is an example of a lower surface at the center of the upper body.

[0038] The lower surface 60b of the shielding plate 60 is disposed higher than the bottom portion 42 of the umbrella portion 40. The lower surface 60b of the shielding plate 60 is disposed higher than the radially inner end portion 42a of the bottom portion 42.

[0039] The shielding plate 60 is fixed to the umbrella portion 40 by, for example, a plurality of screws 62. The shielding plate 60 has through holes formed therein that penetrate in the plate thickness direction. The screws 62 are inserted into the through holes of the shielding plate 60, and heads 62a of the screws 62 are disposed below the lower surface 60b of the shielding plate 60. The umbrella portion 40 has fixing portions 61 to which the screws 62 are fixed. The fixing portion 61 has, for example, a cylindrical shape. A threaded portion is formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical shape. The fixing portion 61 extends downward from, for example, the protruding piece 44. The upper surface 60a of the shielding plate 60 abuts against the lower end of the fixing portion 61. The heads 62a of the screws 62 are disposed above the first flat surface 12 and the tip portion 40a of the umbrella portion 40. In other words, the heads 62a of the screws 62 do not protrude downward below the first flat surface 12 and the tip portion 440a. For example, in a method for manufacturing the ultrasonic anemometer 100, the shielding plate 60 can be fixed to the fixing part 61 by attaching a screw 62 while the shielding plate 60 is pressed against the lower end of the fixing part 61. In addition, the head 62a of the screw 62 may be positioned so as not to protrude from the lower surface 60b of the shielding plate 60.

[0040] 3, the shielding plate 60 is disposed so as to cover the entire opening of the cavity 50 when viewed from below in the Z-axis direction. The shielding plate 60 is not limited to one that covers the entire opening of the cavity 50.

[0041] [Wiring board 160] As shown in FIG. 4, the ultrasonic anemometer 100 includes a wiring board 160 electrically connected to the ultrasonic transceivers 30. The wiring board 160 may be, for example, an FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit). The ultrasonic transceivers 30 may be electrically connected to an FPC arranged spaced apart from the wiring board 160 in the Z-axis direction. The wiring board 160 is arranged above the ultrasonic transceivers 30 and housed inside the main body 15. The wiring board 160 is fixed to the main body 15 using fixing members (for example, screws). The thickness direction of the wiring board 160 is along the Z-axis direction. For example, semiconductor elements, resistors, diodes, capacitors, high-frequency devices, etc. may be mounted on the wiring board 160. The wiring board 160 is arranged spaced apart above the ultrasonic transceivers 30.

[0042] [Ultrasonic Transceiver 30] As shown in FIG. 6, the ultrasonic transceiver 30 has a main body 131 that houses a piezoelectric element. The main body 131 is, for example, cylindrical. A flange 132 is formed on the top of the main body 131. The flange 131 extends radially outward from the main body 131. The ultrasonic transceiver 30 has a lid 133 that covers the opening at the top of the main body 131. The lid 133 is, for example, disk-shaped. An outer periphery 134 of the lid 133 rests on the flange 132.

[0043] [Wiring 81, 82] As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the ultrasonic anemometer 100 has wiring 81 and 82 connected to the ultrasonic transceiver 30. As shown in FIGS. 4, 9, and 11, the wiring 81 and 82 electrically connect the ultrasonic transceiver 30 to the semiconductor element 162 arranged on the wiring board 160. The wiring 81 and 82 are electrically connected to the piezoelectric element of the ultrasonic transceiver 30. For example, the wiring 81 is a signal line, and the wiring 82 is a ground line. The wiring 81 and 82 pass through the lid 133 and extend in the Z-axis direction. The wiring 81 and 82 extend upward from the upper surface 133a of the lid 133. The upper surface of the lid is an example of the upper surface of the ultrasonic transceiver.

[0044] 5, the multiple wirings 81, 82 are arranged apart in the radial direction of the ultrasonic transceiver 30. The radial direction of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 may be a direction intersecting the Z-axis direction and including the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. The radial direction of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 may also be a direction parallel to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.

[0045] [Vibration-isolating member 70] As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the ultrasonic anemometer 100 includes a vibration-isolating member 70 that covers part of the top surface of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the side surface of the upper part. The vibration-isolating member 70 may be made of, for example, rubber. The vibration-isolating member 70 may be made of, for example, an elastic member. The vibration-isolating member 70 contacts the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the inner circumferential surface 180a (see FIG. 8) of the housing portion 180 of the main body 15. Here, the vibration-isolating member 70 is made of a material that does not easily transmit vibrations, and therefore it is possible to suppress transmission of vibrations of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 to the main body 15. The vibration-isolating member 70 is formed so that part of the top surface 133a of the lid portion 133 of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 is exposed.

[0046] The side surface of the upper part of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 may include, for example, the outer peripheral surface 133b of the lid portion 133. The side surface of the upper part of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 may include the outer peripheral surface 132b of the flange portion 132.

[0047] The vibration-damping member 70 is formed to have a ring shape when viewed in the Z-axis direction. The cross-sectional shape of the vibration-damping member 70 is formed to have, for example, a U-shape. The vibration-damping member 70 has, for example, a first portion 71, a second portion 72, and a third portion 73.

[0048] The first portion 71 is disposed on the outer periphery of the upper surface 133a of the lid portion 133. The second portion 72 is disposed apart from the first portion 71 in the Z-axis direction. The second portion 72 is disposed below the flange portion 132. The second portion 72 contacts the flange portion 132 from below. The outer periphery of the lid portion 133 and the flange portion 132 are sandwiched between the first portion 71 and the second portion 72 in the Z-axis direction.

[0049] The third portion 73 connects the first portion 71 and the second portion 72 in the Z-axis direction. The third portion 73 is disposed so as to cover the outer peripheral surface 133b of the lid portion 133 and the outer peripheral surface 132b of the flange portion 132.

[0050] [Pressing member 90] As shown in Figures 4 and 9, the ultrasonic anemometer 100 includes a presser member 90. The presser member 90 is disposed above the vibration-proof member 70 and is fixed to the main body 15 of the upper body 10. The presser member 90 has a main body plate 91, a boss portion 92, and a protrusion portion 93. The presser member 90 is made of resin.

[0051] The thickness direction of the main body plate 91 is disposed in the Z-axis direction. The main body plate 91 is disposed so as to cover the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the vibration-proof member 70 from above. The boss portion 92 protrudes upward from the main body plate 91. A through-hole 92a is formed in the boss portion 92, through which the wires 81 and 82 are inserted. The through-hole 92a of the boss portion 92 penetrates the pressing member 90 in the Z-axis direction. The pressing member 90 is not ring-shaped, but is a flat plate-like member that covers the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the vibration-proof member 70, thereby increasing its strength. The boss portion 92 may also penetrate an opening (not shown) formed in the wiring board 160 and extend upward in the Z-axis direction. The upper surface of the boss portion 92 may be lower than the wiring board 160 in the Z-axis direction, and the wires 81 and 82 may also penetrate openings (not shown) formed in the wiring board 160 and extend upward in the Z-axis direction.

[0052] The main body plate 91 is fixed to the upper body 10 by, for example, screws 171. The upper body 10 is formed with fixing portions 172 for fixing the main body plate 91. The fixing portions 172 are, for example, cylindrical. The fixing portions 172 are formed with insertion holes into which the screws 171 are screwed. The fixing portions 172 extend upward from the upper surface of the top plate 11, for example. The main body plate 91 is placed on the fixing portions 172. The screws 17 are tightened from above to fix the main body plate 91 to the fixing portions 172.

[0053] The protrusion 93 protrudes downward from the main body plate 91. The protrusion 93 is formed at a position overlapping the vibration-damping member 70 when viewed in the Z-axis direction. The protrusion 93 abuts against the upper surface of the first portion 71 of the vibration-damping member 70. The pressing member 90 can press the vibration-damping member 70 from above. The protrusion 93 may be embedded in the vibration-damping member 70. The width of the protrusion 93 may be narrower than the width of the first portion 71. The width of the first portion 71 is the width along the radial direction of the ultrasonic transceiver 30. The width of the protrusion 93 is the width along the radial direction of the ultrasonic transceiver 30. By tightening the screw 171 shown in FIG. 4, the pressing member 90 can be moved downward and the protrusion 93 can be pressed against the vibration-damping member 70. The vibration-damping member 70 is fixed to the upper body 10 by the pressing member 90, the screw 171, and the fixing portion 172.

[0054] [Connection of wires 81 and 82] As shown in FIG. 11 , the wirings 81 and 82 are inserted through the through-holes 92a and extend upward in the Z-axis direction. A flexible printed circuit board (hereinafter, referred to as FPC) 161, for example, is disposed on the wiring board 160 at a predetermined distance in the Z-axis direction. The FPC 161 is supported by supports 94 formed on the pressing member 90 and extending upward. The supports 94 pass through openings (not shown) formed in the wiring board 160. Furthermore, the wirings 81 and 82 are inserted through openings 163 formed in the FPC 161 and extend upward in the Z-axis direction. The FPC 161 has multiple wirings, and the wirings 81 and 82 are electrically connected to separate wirings formed on the FPC 161 at the openings 163, for example, by solder. The FPC 161 is connected to a circuit element 162 disposed on the FPC 161. The wirings 81 and 82 are connected to the circuit element 162 via the FPC 161. By using the FPC 161, the degree of freedom in arranging the circuit elements 162 can be improved.

[0055] [Arrangement of ultrasonic transceiver 30] A cavity is formed inside the main body 15 of the upper body 10. This cavity is the space inside the cylindrical main body 15. In addition, a housing section 180, which is an opening for placing the ultrasonic transceiver 30, is formed in the top plate 11, and this housing section 180 communicates with the cavity inside the main body 15. An upper surface 133a of the lid section 133 of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 is located below the upper surface 10a of the upper body 10 shown in FIG. 1.

[0056] As shown in Fig. 4, the bottom surface (lower surface) 30b of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 is disposed above the first plane 12 of the upper body 10 in the Z-axis direction. The first plane 12 is an example of the lower surface of a housing. As shown in Fig. 7, a difference ΔH1 between the bottom surface 30b of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the first plane 12 in the Z-axis direction is smaller than a height H30 of the ultrasonic transceiver 30.

[0057] [Sealing member 120] 4, 6, and 7, in the ultrasonic anemometer 100, the sealing member 120 is disposed between the side surface of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the inner circumferential surface 180a (see FIG. 8) of the housing portion 180. The side surface of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 is the side surface of the main body portion 131. The sealing member 120 is, for example, an O-ring. The sealing member 120 prevents water from entering the cavity 103 inside the upper body 10 through the gap between the side surface of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the inner circumferential surface of the housing portion 180.

[0058] The sealing member 120 is disposed below and spaced apart from the vibration-damping member 70. The sealing member 120 is disposed below the second portion 72 of the vibration-damping member 70. The second portion 72 and the sealing member 120 are disposed apart from each other in the Z-axis direction. When viewed in the Z-axis direction, the sealing member 120 may be disposed at a position overlapping with the second portion 72.

[0059] [Filling member 150] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the ultrasonic anemometer 100 includes a filling member 150. The filling member 150 is disposed in the gap between the side surface of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the inner peripheral surface 181 of the housing portion 180. The filling member 150 may be a waterproof resin. The filling member 150 may be, for example, silicone. The filling member 150 is disposed below the sealing member 120. The filling member 150 is filled from below.

[0060] [Washer 190] The ultrasonic anemometer 100 includes a ring-shaped washer 190. The washer 190 is disposed between the vibration-isolating member 70 and the sealing member 120 in the Z-axis direction. The lower surface of the washer 190 abuts against the sealing member 120. The upper surface of the washer 190 abuts against the second portion 72 of the vibration-isolating member 70.

[0061] The outer diameter of the washer 190 may be larger than the outer diameter of the lower surface of the vibration-damping member 70. The outer diameter of the washer 190 may be larger than the outer diameter of the second portion 72.

[0062] [Inner circumferential surface and step surface of the storage section 180] 8, inner circumferential surface 180a of accommodating portion 180 is made up of multiple inner circumferential surfaces 181 to 183. Inner circumferential surfaces 181 to 183 are formed in this order from the bottom up. The inner diameter of inner circumferential surface 182 is larger than the inner diameter of inner circumferential surface 181. The inner diameter of inner circumferential surface 183 is larger than the inner diameter of inner circumferential surface 182.

[0063] A plurality of step surfaces 184, 185 are formed in the accommodation portion 180. The step surface 184 is formed between the inner peripheral surface 181 and the inner peripheral surface 182. The step surface 184 may be a surface parallel to the XY plane and is an upward-facing surface. The step surface 185 is formed between the inner peripheral surface 182 and the inner peripheral surface 183.

[0064] A filling member 150 is filled in the gap between the side surface of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the inner peripheral surface 181. The filling member 150 is filled on the stepped surface 184. The filling member 150 and the sealing member 120 are disposed in the gap between the side surface of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the inner peripheral surface 182. The sealing member 120 is disposed on the filling member 150.

[0065] A washer 190 is placed on the stepped surface 185. The washer 190 is disposed between the side surface of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the inner circumferential surface 183. A part of the vibration-proof member 70 is disposed between the side surface of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the inner circumferential surface 183. A gap may be formed between the vibration-proof member 70 and the inner circumferential surface 183 in the radial direction of the ultrasonic transceiver 30. The vibration-proof member 70 may abut against the inner circumferential surface 183 in the radial direction of the ultrasonic transceiver 30.

[0066] [Operation and effect of the ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to the first embodiment] The ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to the first embodiment includes an upper body (housing) 10, an ultrasonic transceiver 30 mounted on the upper body 10, and a vibration-isolating member 70 that covers part of the upper surface 133a of a lid portion 133 of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the side surface of the lid portion (upper portion) 133. The vibration-isolating member 70 is sandwiched between the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and an inner peripheral surface 183 of a storage portion (part of the housing) 180. Wiring 81, 82 connected to the ultrasonic transceiver 30 are drawn upward from the upper surface 133a of the lid portion 133 that is exposed from the vibration-isolating member 70.

[0067] In the ultrasonic anemometer 100, the wires 81 and 82 are drawn out so as to extend upward from the upper surface 133a of the ultrasonic transceiver 30. When the ultrasonic transceiver 30 vibrates, the amount of movement in the vertical direction is greater than the amount of movement in the horizontal direction. In the ultrasonic anemometer 100, the wires 81 and 82 are drawn out upward, which reduces the load on the connection between the wires 81 and 82 and the ultrasonic transceiver 30 compared to conventional techniques in which the wires are drawn out laterally. This reduces the occurrence of malfunctions in the ultrasonic anemometer 100. Furthermore, in the ultrasonic anemometer 100, the vibration-proof member 70 is sandwiched between the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the housing 180, which prevents the vibration of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 from being transmitted to the main body 15. Specifically, this suppresses vibration when the ultrasonic transceiver 30 is driven. This reduces noise caused by the vibration of the ultrasonic transceiver 30, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the ultrasonic anemometer 100.

[0068] The ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to the embodiment further includes a presser member 90 that is disposed above the vibration-isolating member 70, fixed to the upper body 10, and in contact with the upper surface of the vibration-isolating member 70. With the ultrasonic anemometer 100 configured as described above, the vibration-isolating member 70 can be held in place via the presser member 90, thereby stably fixing the vibration-isolating member 70 to the upper body 10. The housing 180 also communicates with the internal cavity of the main body 15. As a result, the ultrasonic transceiver 30 with the vibration-isolating member 70 attached can be inserted from above the main body 15 and then fixed with the presser member 90. As a result, the ultrasonic anemometer 100 can be easily manufactured.

[0069] In the ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to the embodiment, a cavity 103 is formed inside the upper body 10, the ultrasonic transceiver 30 is arranged inside the cavity 103, the top surface of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 is arranged below the top surface of the upper body 10, the bottom surface (bottom surface) 30b of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 is arranged above the first plane (bottom surface) 12 of the upper body 10, and in the Z-axis direction (up-down direction), the difference ΔH1 between the bottom surface 30b of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the first plane 12 of the upper body 10 is smaller than the height H30 of the ultrasonic transceiver 30.

[0070] In this ultrasonic anemometer 100, the bottom surface 30b of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 30 is disposed above the first plane 12 of the upper body 10. In the ultrasonic anemometer 100, the bottom surface 30b of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 30 does not protrude downward below the first plane 12. This reduces diffuse reflection of ultrasonic waves in the ultrasonic anemometer 100. Furthermore, the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 30 can be disposed inside the main body 15, allowing the ultrasonic anemometer 100 to be made smaller.

[0071] The ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to the embodiment further includes a wiring board 160 and a circuit element 162 arranged above the ultrasonic transceiver 30 inside the upper body 10. The wiring 81, 82 are electrically connected to the circuit element 162. In the ultrasonic anemometer 100 configured as described above, the wiring 81, 82 extending upward from the ultrasonic transceiver 30 can be electrically connected to the circuit element 162 arranged above the ultrasonic transceiver 30. This simplifies the routing of the wiring 81, 82. The circuit element 162 may be mounted on the wiring board 160 instead of the FPC 161.

[0072] The ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to the embodiment includes a presser member 90 that is disposed above the vibration-isolating member 70, fixed to the upper body 10, and in contact with the upper surface of the vibration-isolating member 70. The presser member 90 has a through-hole 92a that penetrates in the Z-axis direction, and the wires 81 and 82 extend upward through the through-hole 92a and are electrically connected to the circuit element 162. The wires 81 and 82 are inserted into the through-hole 92a in the boss portion 92 of the presser member 90. With the ultrasonic anemometer 100 configured as described above, the wires 81 and 82 can be routed through the presser member 90, eliminating the need to route the wires 81 and 82 around the presser member 90. The ultrasonic anemometer 100 can simplify the routing of the wires 81 and 82.

[0073] The ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to the embodiment further includes a ring-shaped sealing member 120 that contacts the side of the ultrasonic transceiver 30, and the upper body 10 is formed with a housing section 180 that houses the ultrasonic transceiver 30. The sealing member 120 is disposed between the side of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the inner peripheral surface 182 of the housing section 180, and the sealing member 120 is disposed below and spaced apart from the vibration-damping member 70.

[0074] According to the ultrasonic anemometer 100 having this configuration, the inclusion of the sealing member 120 can prevent water from entering through the gap between the side surface of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the inner circumferential surface of the housing 180. As a result, failure of the circuit element 162 arranged inside the upper body 10 can be prevented. In the ultrasonic anemometer 100, the sealing member 120 contacts the side surface of the ultrasonic transceiver 30, not the top surface of the ultrasonic transceiver 30. The ultrasonic transceiver 30 vibrates significantly in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction) but only slightly in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction or Y-axis direction). As a result, even if the sealing member 120 is a member that easily transmits vibrations, the influence of noise caused by the vibration of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 can be reduced.

[0075] In the ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to the embodiment, a waterproof filler 150 is filled in the gap between the side surface of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 below the sealing member 120 and the inner circumferential surfaces 181, 182 of the housing 180. In the ultrasonic anemometer 100, silicone is used as the filler 150. This improves waterproofing and suppresses the transmission of vibrations from the ultrasonic transceiver 30 to the upper body 10. The silicone filling the gap between the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the inner circumferential surfaces 181, 182 of the housing 180 suppresses the transmission of vibrations from the ultrasonic transceiver 30. As shown in FIG. 10 , the gap 151 between the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and the inner circumferential surface 181 may be hollow, without the filler 150. As a result, it is possible to prevent vibrations from being transmitted from the ultrasonic transceiver 30 from being transmitted to the main body 15.

[0076] In the ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to the embodiment, the ultrasonic transceiver 30 has a cylindrical main body 131 that houses a piezoelectric element, and a flange 132 that is provided on top of the main body 131 and extends radially outward beyond the side surface of the main body. Portions of the vibration-proof member 70 are arranged to sandwich the flange 132 from above and below. In this ultrasonic anemometer 100, the vibration-proof member 70 is arranged to sandwich the flange 132 from above and below. This suppresses vibrations of the ultrasonic transceiver 30 and exposes the top surface 133a of the ultrasonic transceiver 30. In the ultrasonic anemometer 100, wiring 81 and 82 can be drawn upward from the portion of the top surface 133a that is not covered by the vibration-proof member 70.

[0077] Moreover, the ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to the embodiment further includes a ring-shaped washer 190 arranged between the sealing member 120 and the vibration-isolating member 70 in the vertical direction, the outer diameter of the washer 190 being larger than the outer diameter of the second portion (lower surface) 72 of the vibration-isolating member 70, and a stepped surface 185 is formed in the upper body 10 so as to surround the ultrasonic transceiver 30, on which the outer periphery of the washer 190 is placed, and the second portion 72 of the vibration-isolating member 70 abuts on the upper surface of the washer 190. The hardness of the washer 190 is greater than that of the vibration-isolating member 70. According to the ultrasonic anemometer 100 configured as described above, the vibration-isolating member 70 can be stably supported by the washer 190 and the stepped surface 185.

[0078] Furthermore, the ultrasonic anemometer 100 according to the embodiment has a plurality of wirings 81, 82 extending upward from the upper surface 133a of the ultrasonic transceiver 30, the plurality of wirings 81, 82 being arranged at a distance from each other in the radial direction of the ultrasonic transceiver 30, and the vibration-isolating member 70 being arranged radially outside the plurality of wirings 81, 82, with no vibration-isolating member being arranged between the plurality of wirings 81, 82. The vibration-isolating member 70 is ring-shaped and is arranged so as to surround the plurality of wirings 81, 82.

[0079] In the ultrasonic anemometer 100 having this configuration, the plurality of wires 81, 82 are spaced apart, thereby preventing contact between the plurality of wires 81, 82. Furthermore, in the ultrasonic anemometer 100 having this configuration, contact between the plurality of wires 81, 82 and the vibration-proof member 70 can be prevented.

[0080] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the configurations shown here, and other embodiments may be possible in which other components are combined with the configurations described in the above embodiments. In this regard, the present invention can be modified within the scope of the present invention, and can be appropriately determined depending on the application form. [Explanation of symbols]

[0081] 100: ultrasonic anemometer, 10: upper body (housing), 12: first plane (bottom surface of housing), 15: main body, 20: lower body, 30: ultrasonic transceiver, 30b: bottom surface, 31-34: ultrasonic transceiver, 70: vibration-isolating member, 81, 82: wiring, 103: cavity, 120: sealing member, 133a: top surface (top surface of ultrasonic transceiver), 160: wiring board, 162: circuit element, 190: washer, X: X-axis direction, Y: Y-axis direction, Z: Z-axis direction (up and down direction).

Claims

1. The housing and an ultrasonic transmitter / receiver mounted in the housing; a vibration-isolating member that covers a part of the top surface of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver and a side surface of the top, the vibration-isolating member is sandwiched between the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver and the housing, The ultrasonic anemometer has wiring connected to the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver drawn upward from the upper surface of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver that is exposed from the vibration-proof member.

2. 2. The ultrasonic anemometer according to claim 1, further comprising a pressing member disposed above the vibration-isolating member, fixed to the housing, and in contact with an upper surface of the vibration-isolating member.

3. A cavity is formed inside the housing, the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver is disposed within the cavity; the top surface of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver is disposed below the top surface of the housing; a bottom surface of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver is disposed above a bottom surface of the housing; 3. The ultrasonic anemometer according to claim 1, wherein a difference in the vertical direction between the bottom surface of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver and the bottom surface of the housing is smaller than a height of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver.

4. further comprising a circuit element disposed above the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver within the housing; 2. The ultrasonic anemometer according to claim 1, wherein the wiring is electrically connected to the circuit element.

5. a pressing member disposed above the vibration-isolating member, fixed to the housing, and in contact with an upper surface of the vibration-isolating member; The pressing member has an opening formed therethrough in the vertical direction, 5. The ultrasonic anemometer according to claim 4, wherein the wiring extends upward through the opening and is electrically connected to the circuit element.

6. a ring-shaped sealing member that contacts a side surface of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver; The housing is formed with a housing portion for housing the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver, the sealing member is disposed between the side surface of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver and an inner circumferential surface of the housing portion, 4. The ultrasonic anemometer according to claim 3, wherein the sealing member is disposed below and spaced from the vibration-isolating member.

7. 7. The ultrasonic anemometer according to claim 6, wherein a gap between the side surface of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver and the inner peripheral surface of the housing below the sealing member is filled with a waterproof filling member.

8. The ultrasonic transmitter / receiver includes: a cylindrical main body that houses a piezoelectric element; a flange portion provided on an upper portion of the main body portion and extending radially outward from a side surface of the main body portion, 2. The ultrasonic anemometer according to claim 1, wherein a part of the vibration-proof member is disposed so as to sandwich the flange from above and below.

9. a ring-shaped washer disposed between the sealing member and the vibration-isolating member in the vertical direction; The outer diameter of the washer is larger than the outer diameter of the lower surface of the vibration-damping member, The housing has a stepped surface formed to surround the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver and on which an outer periphery of the washer is placed, 7. The ultrasonic anemometer according to claim 6, wherein the lower surface of the vibration-isolating member abuts on the upper surface of the washer.

10. a plurality of the wirings extending upward from the top surface of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver; The plurality of wirings are arranged at intervals in the radial direction of the ultrasonic transmitter / receiver, the vibration-isolating member is disposed outside the plurality of wirings in the radial direction, 3. The ultrasonic anemometer according to claim 1, wherein the vibration-isolating member is not disposed between the plurality of wires.

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