Pressure vessel and pressure vessel manufacturing method

Abstract

A pressure vessel capable of improving productivity is provided. [Solution] The pressure vessel 1A comprises a liner 10, an end member 20AX as a nozzle portion, and a fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A arranged radially outside the liner 10 and nozzle portion. The fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A is formed radially outside the liner 10 and nozzle portion and comprises a first fiber layer 31 having multiple layers of fiber body arranged along the axial direction of the liner 10, a second fiber layer 32 having multiple layers of fiber body wound radially outside the first fiber layer 31, and resin 37 as a thermosetting resin that has been impregnated into the fiber body and hardened.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a pressure vessel for storing pressurized fluids and a method for manufacturing the pressure vessel. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a composite wall of a container comprising a plastic tube and first and second layers coating the plastic tube. The radially inner first and second layers are formed of carbon fibers embedded in a thermoplastic matrix. The carbon fibers in the radially inner first layer are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the container, and the carbon fibers in the radially outer second layer are wound in the circumferential direction of the container. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0003] [Patent Document 1] Special Publication No. 2019-520537 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0004] In the structure described in Patent Document 1, one first layer and one or more second layers are stacked. In contrast, when multiple first layers are provided, the first layers and second layers are alternately provided in the radial direction, and the alternately stacked first layers and second layers are impregnated with resin after stacking. In such a case, it is difficult to impregnate the second layer, which is provided relatively inward in the radial direction, with resin, which may result in reduced productivity.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pressure vessel and a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel that can improve productivity. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the pressure vessel of the present invention is a pressure vessel for storing a pressurized fluid therein, and comprises: a liner having a tubular portion extending in an axial direction and a side wall portion provided at one end of the tubular portion in the axial direction; a nozzle portion arranged to cover the side wall portion and for allowing the pressurized fluid to be introduced into and discharged from the liner through a hole formed in the side wall portion; and a fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion arranged radially outward of the liner and the nozzle portion, wherein the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion is formed radially outward of the liner and the nozzle portion and comprises: a first fiber layer having a plurality of layers of fibrous bodies arranged along the axial direction of the liner; a second fiber layer having a plurality of layers of fibrous bodies wound radially outward of the first fiber layer; and a thermosetting resin impregnated in the fibrous bodies and hardened. [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] According to the present invention, the productivity of pressure vessels can be improved. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0008] [Figure 1] 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a pressure vessel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a pressure vessel according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a partially enlarged view of FIG. [Figure 3] 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a liner and an end member. [Figure 5] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining the method for producing a pressure vessel according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which a first fiber layer is disposed. [Figure 6] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for manufacturing a fiber-reinforced resin cylindrical body according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a second fiber layer is arranged. [Figure 7] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a method for forming a fiber layer using a multiple yarn filament winding device. [Figure 8] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram showing a method for forming a fiber layer using a bobbin of a multiple yarn filament winding device. [Figure 9] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an assembly having a fiber layer disposed thereon is placed in a molding apparatus. [Figure 10] FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view (partially enlarged) that schematically shows a pressure vessel according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 11] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a pressure vessel according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a pressure vessel according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and is a partially enlarged view of FIG. [Figure 13] 13 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a pressure vessel according to a third embodiment of the present invention, taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG. 11. FIG. [Figure 14] 10 is a flowchart illustrating a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 15] FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to a third embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which a third fiber layer is disposed. [Figure 16] FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a method for producing a pressure vessel according to a third embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which a fourth fiber layer is disposed. [Figure 17] FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which a first fiber layer is disposed, illustrating a method for producing a pressure vessel according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 18]FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which a second fiber layer is disposed, illustrating a method for producing a pressure vessel according to a third embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 19] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram schematically showing a method for forming a fiber layer using a multiple yarn filament winding device. [Figure 20] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel according to a third embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which an assembly having a fiber layer disposed thereon is placed in a molding apparatus. [Figure 21] FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view (partially enlarged) that schematically shows a pressure vessel according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0009] An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, identical elements are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate explanations will be omitted. The drawings are exaggerated for clarity. The terms "first," "second," etc., that are added to fiber layers correspond to the configurations in the claims, and do not necessarily correspond to the radial order of the fiber layers.

[0010] First Embodiment As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a pressure vessel 1A according to a first embodiment of the present invention is a cylindrical body for storing a pressurized fluid therein. Examples of pressurized fluids include pressurized hydrogen and natural gas. The pressure vessel 1A includes a liner 10, a pair of end members 20A (20AX, 20AY), and a fiber-reinforced resin cylindrical portion 30A. Of the pair of end members 20A, the one located on one end (first end 12X) side of the liner 10 in the axial direction is referred to as end member 20AX. Furthermore, of the pair of end members 20A, the one located on the other end (second end 12Y) side of the liner 10 in the axial direction is referred to as end member 20AY.

[0011] <liner> The liner 10 is a resin member having a tubular shape (in this embodiment, a substantially cylindrical shape) with both axial ends open. The liner 10 integrally includes a tubular portion 11 and end portions 12 (12X, 12Y).

[0012] ≪Cylinder part≫ The cylindrical portion 11 extends in the axial direction and is a main portion in which pressurized fluid is stored. In this embodiment, the cylindrical portion 11 has a cylindrical shape with the axis of the liner 10 as its center.

[0013] <End> The end portion 12 is a portion that constitutes the end portion in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 11. In this embodiment, the end portion 12 includes a small diameter portion (hole portion) 12a that extends in the axial direction from the cylindrical portion 11, and an end face portion (side wall portion) 12b that constitutes the boundary between the cylindrical portion 11 and the small diameter portion 12a.

[0014] <End parts> The end member 20A is a metal member (or a resin member) having a substantially cylindrical or columnar shape that is arranged to cover the end 12 of the liner 10 from the radially outer side and the axially outer side, thereby constituting the axial end of the pressure vessel 1A. The end member 20A is arranged coaxially with the liner 10. The end member 20A integrally comprises, in axial order from the liner 10 side, a first outer diameter portion 21, a reduced diameter portion 22A, a second outer diameter portion 23, and a third outer diameter portion 24. In this embodiment, the first outer diameter portion 21, the second outer diameter portion 23, and the third outer diameter portion 24 have a cylindrical or columnar shape centered on the axis of the liner 10.

[0015] ≪First outer diameter portion≫ The first outer diameter portion 21 is a portion that constitutes the axial base end portion of the end member 20A and is disposed so as to be continuous with the cylindrical portion 11 of the liner 10, and has the same outer diameter as the cylindrical portion 11 of the liner 10.

[0016] ≪Reduced diameter part≫ The reduced diameter portion 22A is a portion whose outer diameter decreases (reduced in diameter) as it moves away from the liner 10 in the axial direction (from the first outer diameter portion 21 toward the second outer diameter portion 23). In the present embodiment, the reduced diameter portion 22A is a portion that exhibits a tapered shape in which the outer diameter linearly decreases from the first outer diameter portion 21 toward the second outer diameter portion 23 when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the liner 10. The inclination angle θ0 (see FIG. 4) of the outer peripheral surface of the tapered reduced diameter portion 22A (with respect to the axial direction of the tubular portion 11) is 30° to 60°.

[0017] ≪Second outer diameter portion≫ The second outer diameter portion 23 has an outer diameter smaller than that of the first outer diameter portion 21. A recess 23a is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the second outer diameter portion 23. The recess 23a is a portion in which a first fiber layer 31 (described later) is accommodated, and in this embodiment, is an annular groove. That is, the width (axial dimension) of the recess 23a is larger than the width dimension (outer diameter) of a single fiber body (fiber aggregate) in the first fiber layer 31 (described later). In this embodiment, a part of the first fiber layer 31 is accommodated in the recess 23a, and the other part of the first fiber layer 31 is located radially outward of the space of the recess 23a.

[0018] Preferably, the pair of side surfaces 23a1 of the recess 23a have a tapered shape that gradually widens (widens) from the bottom surface 23a2 of the recess 23a toward the opening. The dimensions of the recess 23a (depth of the recess 23a, angle of the side surface 23a1 relative to the bottom surface 23a2, axial dimensions of the side surface 23a1 and the bottom surface 23a2, distance from the tapered portion 22, etc.) can be appropriately set depending on the outer diameter of the portion where the recess 23a is formed, the outer diameter of the fibrous body of the first fiber layer 31, etc.

[0019] ≪Third outer diameter portion≫ The third outer diameter portion 24 is a portion that constitutes the axial tip of the end member 20A, and has an outer diameter smaller than that of the second outer diameter portion 23.

[0020] The axial dimension L1 of the first outer diameter portion is greater than the axial dimension L2 of the reduced diameter portion 22A and is smaller than the axial dimension L3 of the second outer diameter portion . L2 <L1<L3

[0021] ≪End surface≫ The end member 20A has a liner-side end face 20a and an opposite end face 20b as surfaces that intersect (are perpendicular to) the axial direction. The liner-side end face 20a is the end face of the first outer diameter portion 21 and abuts against the end face portion 12b of the liner 10. The opposite end face 20b is an end face formed at the boundary between the second outer diameter portion 23 and the third outer diameter portion 24.

[0022] <Flow path> A flow path portion 20c is formed in the end member 20AX serving as a nozzle portion. The flow path portion 20c penetrates the end member 20AX in the axial direction and communicates with the internal space of the small diameter portion 12a of the liner 10. The flow path portion 20c is a portion through which external pressurized fluid flows into the liner 10 and is stored therein, and through which pressurized fluid stored in the liner 10 flows out to the outside. A valve member or the like (not shown) is attached to the opening of the flow path portion 20c on the side opposite to the liner 10.

[0023] <Cylinder made of fiber-reinforced resin> The fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A is a fiber-reinforced resin layer (fiber-containing resin layer) formed in a cylindrical shape so as to fit along the outer peripheral surfaces of the liner 10 and the end member 20A (first outer diameter portion 21, reduced diameter portion 22A, and second outer diameter portion 23). Fibers contained in the resin layer of the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A can be carbon fibers, glass fibers, or the like. In this embodiment, the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A has a cylindrical shape centered on the axis of the liner 10.

[0024] The outer diameter of the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A is substantially constant along the axial direction. That is, the thickness of the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A at a portion radially outside the second outer diameter portion 23 is greater than the thickness of a portion radially outside the first outer diameter portion 21. The axial dimension L1 of the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A at a portion radially outside the first outer diameter portion 21 is greater than the axial dimension L2 of the portion radially outside the reduced diameter portion 22A and is smaller than the axial dimension L3 of the portion radially outside the second outer diameter portion 23. L2 <L1<L3

[0025] 2, the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A includes, as fiber layers, a first fiber layer 31 and a second fiber layer 32, in this order from the radially inner side (the liner 10 and end member 20A side). The opposite end face 20b of the end member 20A and the outer peripheral surface of the third outer diameter portion 24 are not covered by the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A and are exposed from the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A.

[0026] <First fiber layer (label layer)> The first fiber layer 31 is composed of a plurality of fibers arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the liner 10, etc., so as to cover the liner 10. More specifically, a fibrous body (fiber aggregate) is formed by gathering a plurality of fibers into a strip or bundle shape, and the first fiber layer 31 is formed by arranging the plurality of fibrous bodies in different phases. The fibrous bodies in the first fiber layer 31 extend along the axial direction of the liner 10. That is, with respect to the first fiber layer 31, the orientation angle θ1 (see FIG. 5 ) of the carbon fibers with respect to the axis of the liner 10 is 0° to 10° (or 0° to −10°) (e.g., 0°) on the radially outer side of the liner 10. The first fiber layer 31 is an inner laminated fiber layer having a structure in which a plurality of fibrous bodies are laminated in the radial direction. Among the layers laminated in the radial direction, fibrous bodies adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the first fiber layer 31 abut against each other within the same layer. The first fiber layer 31 improves the tensile strength of the pressure vessel 1A in the axial direction and also functions as a cushion between the liner 10 and the second fiber layer 32. By setting the orientation angle θ1 within the above-mentioned range, the first fiber layer 31 can improve the axial strength and prevent fiber peeling (transverse peeling) under pressure while allowing for manufacturing errors. From the viewpoints of improving the axial strength and preventing fiber peeling, the orientation angle θ1 is preferably close to 0°. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of shortening the flow distance of the resin 37 in the RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) method, the orientation angle θ1 (absolute value) is preferably close to 10°.

[0027] <<Second fiber layer (helical layer or hoop layer (parallel layer)>> The second fiber layer 32 is disposed radially outside the first fiber layer 31 and is composed of a plurality of fibers disposed so as to cover the first fiber layer 31. More specifically, a fibrous body (fiber aggregate) is formed by gathering a plurality of fibers into a strip or bundle shape, and the second fiber layer 32 is formed by arranging the plurality of fibrous bodies with different phases. The fibrous bodies in the second fiber layer 32 are wound around one or more turns at an angle with respect to the axial direction of the liner 10 and extend spirally with respect to the axial direction of the liner 10. That is, with respect to the second fiber layer 32, the orientation angle θ2 (see FIG. 6 ) of the fibrous bodies with respect to the axial direction (axis) of the liner 10 is 0° to 80° (or 0° to −80°) on the radially outer side of the liner 10. The second fiber layer 32 is an outer laminated fiber layer having a structure in which a plurality of fibrous bodies are laminated in the radial direction. Within the same layer among the radially laminated layers, fibrous bodies adjacent in the circumferential direction of the second fiber layer 32 abut against each other. The second fiber layer 32 is a layer for improving the pressure resistance strength of the pressure vessel 1A in the radial direction.

[0028] The thickness of the second fiber layer 32 in the axial direction varies depending on the outer diameters of the liner 10 and the end member 20A. In this embodiment, the thickness of the second fiber layer 32 decreases as the outer diameters of the liner 10 and the end member 20A increase, and increases as the outer diameters of the liner 10 and the end member 20A decrease.

[0029] The thickness of the second fiber layer 32 may be configured to increase as the outer diameters of the liner 10 and the end member 20A increase, and decrease as the outer diameters of the liner 10 and the end member 20A decrease. With this structure, the radial pressure resistance strength can be suitably set according to the outer diameters of the liner 10 and the end member 20A. In the case of such a structure, the pressure vessel 1A desirably includes a retaining member that prevents the end member 20A from coming off in the axial direction from the fiber-reinforced resin cylindrical body 30A.

[0030] The second fiber layer 32 alternately includes, from the radially inner side to the radially outer side, fifth fiber layers 35 and sixth fiber layers 36 having different orientation angles. Although Fig. 2 illustrates one set of the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36, the second fiber layer 32 is not limited to a configuration including one set of the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 stacked in the radial direction. In other words, the second fiber layer 32 may include a plurality of sets of the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 stacked in the radial direction (from the radially inner side to the radially outer side, the fifth fiber layer 35 → the sixth fiber layer 36 → the fifth fiber layer 35 → the sixth fiber layer 36 → ...).

[0031] <Fifth fiber layer> The fibrous body in the fifth fiber layer 35 is wound one or more times at an angle with respect to the axial direction of the liner 10 and extends helically with respect to the axial direction of the liner 10. That is, with respect to the fifth fiber layer 35, the orientation angle θ5 (see FIG. 6 ) of the fibrous body with respect to the axial direction (axis) of the liner 10 is 0° to 60° (or 0° to −60°) (for example, 60° or −60°) on the radially outer side of the liner 10. More specifically, the fibrous body of the fifth fiber layer 35 is wound one or more times on the radially outer side of the first fiber layer 31 (or the sixth fiber layer 36 when the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 are multiple layers) so that the orientation angle θ5 (absolute value of the orientation angle θ5) with respect to the axial direction of the liner 10 is 60° or less on the radially outer side of the liner 10. That is, the lower limit of the orientation angle θ5 (absolute value of the orientation angle θ5) is determined by the outer diameter of the first fiber layer 31, the axial dimension of the fifth fiber layer 35, etc.

[0032] <Sixth fiber layer> The fibrous body in the sixth fiber layer 36 is wound one or more times at an angle with respect to the axial direction of the liner 10 and extends helically with respect to the axial direction of the liner 10. That is, with respect to the sixth fiber layer 36, the orientation angle θ6 (see FIG. 6 ) of the fibrous body with respect to the axial direction (axis) of the liner 10 is different from the orientation angle θ5 of the fifth fiber layer 35 and is 0° to 80° (or 0° to −80°) (e.g., 80° or −80°) on the radially outer side of the liner 10. More specifically, the fibrous body of the sixth fiber layer 36 is wound one or more times on the radially outer side of the fifth fiber layer 35 such that the orientation angle θ6 (absolute value of the orientation angle θ6) with respect to the axial direction of the liner 10 is 80° or less and greater than the orientation angle θ5 (absolute value of the orientation angle θ5) on the radially outer side of the liner 10. That is, the lower limit of the orientation angle θ6 (its absolute value) is determined by the outer diameter of the fifth fiber layer 35 located radially inside the sixth fiber layer 36, the axial dimension of the sixth fiber layer 36, and the like.

[0033] According to this setting, the orientation angles of the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 can be increased and made closer to each other on the radially outer side of the second outer diameter portion 23, thereby improving the pressure resistance performance in the radial direction.

[0034] <Resin and resin layer> The fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A includes a resin 37. The resin 37 is impregnated into the fibrous bodies of the first fiber layer 31 and the second fiber layer 32 and is hardened. The resin 37 is a thermosetting resin. A portion of the resin 37 forms a resin layer 37a as the outermost layer of the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A.

[0035] The resin layer 37a is a layer that does not contain fibrous bodies, and covers the outer surfaces of the first fibrous layer 31 and the second fibrous layer 32 to protect the fibrous bodies of the first fibrous layer 31 and the second fibrous layer 32 from collision with external objects.

[0036] In this pressure vessel 1A, when the liner 10 is filled with pressurized fluid, the pressure of the pressurized fluid in the liner 10 acts to press the end member 20A in the axial direction (force F1). A component force F2 of this force F1 acts at the reduced diameter portion 22A to press the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30 in an oblique direction (a direction perpendicular to the reduced diameter portion 22). This component force F2 acts in a direction that attempts to expand the diameter of the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30 with the boundary portion as a fulcrum (rotational moment M1).

[0037] In response to this, the fiber reinforced resin cylindrical portion 30A of the pressure vessel 1A can suitably prevent the end member 20AX from coming off the liner 10 by generating a resistance force against the rotational moment M1.

[0038] In order to generate such resistance, it is preferable that the first fiber layer 31 (and the second fiber layer 32) be arranged so as to cover the boundary between the first outer diameter portion 21 and the reduced diameter portion 22A from the radial outside, and it is more preferable that it be arranged so as to cover the boundary between the reduced diameter portion 22A and the second outer diameter portion 23 from the radial outside.

[0039] <Pressure vessel manufacturing method> Next, a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel 1A according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the flowchart of Figure 3. The method for manufacturing the pressure vessel 1A includes a liner forming step (step S1) and an end member connecting step (step S2) performed after the liner forming step. The method for manufacturing the pressure vessel 1A also includes a fiber setting step (steps S3a, S3b) performed after the end member connecting step, and a mold setting step (step S4) performed after the fiber setting step. The method for manufacturing the pressure vessel 1A also includes a molding step (step S5) performed after the mold setting step, and a removal step (step S6) performed after the molding step.

[0040] Step S1 is a process of forming the resin liner 10 shown in FIG. 1 using a molding device (not shown).

[0041] Following step S1, in step S2, the liner 10 and the pair of end members 20A are connected to each other as shown in FIG.

[0042] Following step S2, in step S3a, a first fiber layer 31 is formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the tubular portion 11 of the liner 10, and the first outer diameter portion 21, the tapered portion 22A, and the second outer diameter portion 23 of the end member 20A, as shown in Fig. 5. Following step S3a, in step S3b, a second fiber layer 32 is formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the first fiber layer 31 in the tubular portion 11 of the liner 10, and the first outer diameter portion 21, the tapered portion 22A, and the second outer diameter portion 23 of the end member 20A, as shown in Fig. 6.

[0043] More specifically, first, the fifth fiber layer 35 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first fiber layer 31 in the tubular portion 11 of the liner 10, and in the first outer diameter portion 21, the tapered portion 22A, and the second outer diameter portion 23 of the end member 20A. Next, the sixth fiber layer 36 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the fifth fiber layer 35 in the tubular portion 11 of the liner 10, and in the first outer diameter portion 21, the tapered portion 22A, and the second outer diameter portion 23 of the end member 20A.

[0044] In steps S3a and S3b, the fibers constituting the first fiber layer 31 and the second fiber layer 32 are so-called raw silk, not fibers impregnated with the resin 37. The first fiber layer 31 and the second fiber layer 32 are simultaneously arranged on the outer circumferential surfaces of the liner 10 and the end member 20A by a multiple feeding filament winding (MFW) method. The first fiber layer 31 and the second fiber layer 32 fed by the multiple feeding filament winding method are independent layers without being woven into each other, and exhibit a so-called non-crimp structure.

[0045] In steps S3a and S3b, the fifth fiber layer 35 and sixth fiber layer 36 as the first fiber layer 31 and the second fiber layer 32 are arranged on the outer peripheral surfaces of the liner 10 and the end member 20A from one direction (only) by a multiple supply filament winding device 100A (100A1, 100A2 (100A5, 100A6)) shown in FIG. 7. In detail, the first fiber layer 31 and the fifth fiber layer 35 and sixth fiber layer 36 as the second fiber layer 32 are arranged from one direction (only) starting from the end member 20AX side, which is one end in the axial direction, and winding proceeds from the end member 20AX side toward the end member 20AY side, which is the other end in the axial direction. The multiple supply filament winding device 100A can appropriately set and change the orientation angles of the fibers in the fifth fiber layer 35 and sixth fiber layer 36 as the first fiber layer 31 and the second fiber layer 32. The assembly of the liner 10 and end member 20A passes through multiple feed filament winding devices 100A1, 100A5, and 100A6, with one end (end member 20AX) leading. The first multiple feed filament winding device 100A1 places the fibrous material of the first fiber layer 31 onto the assembly, and the second multiple feed filament winding device 100A2 (100A5) winds the fibrous material of the fifth fiber layer 35, which serves as the second fiber layer 32, onto the assembly. The third multiple feed filament winding device 100A2 (100A6) winds the fibrous material of the sixth fiber layer 36, which serves as the second fiber layer 32, onto the assembly.

[0046] As shown in FIG. 8 , the multiple supply filament winding device 100A includes a plurality of bobbins 101 arranged to radially surround a moving assembly. The multiple supply filament winding device 100A unwinds a fibrous body 110 from the bobbins 101 and arranges it on the outer circumferential surface of the assembly, thereby forming a fifth fiber layer 35 and a sixth fiber layer 36 as the first fiber layer 31 and the second fiber layer 32. Both end portions of the fibrous body 110 forming the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 as the first fiber layer 31 and the second fiber layer 32 are appropriately cut. Note that the fifth fiber layer 36 and the sixth fiber layer 36 as the first fiber layer 31 and the second fiber layer 32 may be arranged by the device to form an integral tubular shape and then arranged on the outer circumferential surfaces of the liner 10 and the end member 20A.

[0047] Here, the tapered portion 22A, which is a linear tapered portion, can suppress slippage of the first fiber layer 31 and the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 serving as the second fiber layer 32, compared to a bulging dome shape (so-called geodesic). In this embodiment, the inclination angle θ0 (see FIG. 4 ) of the outer circumferential surface of the tapered portion 22A (with respect to the axial direction of the tubular portion 11) is 30° to 60°. If the inclination angle θ0 is less than 30°, the axial dimension of the tapered portion 22A becomes large. If the inclination angle θ0 is greater than 60°, slippage may occur in the first fiber layer 31 and the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 serving as the second fiber layer 32 wound around the tapered portion 22A. That is, the tapered portion 22A with the inclination angle θ0 set to 30° to 60° can suitably suppress slippage of the first fiber layer 31 and the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 serving as the second fiber layer 32, while suppressing an increase in the axial dimension.

[0048] A longitudinal portion of the first fiber layer 31 and the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 serving as the second fiber layer 32 is wound radially outward of the recess 23a at the location where the recess 23a is formed, thereby positioning the end member 20A at the recess 23a. With this configuration, even if deformation occurs in the reduced diameter portion 22A of the end member 20A, it is possible to prevent the end member 20A from being displaced in the internal space of the first fiber layer 31 and the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 serving as the second fiber layer 32.

[0049] Following step S3b, in step S4, as shown in FIG. 9, the assembly of the liner 10, the end member 20A, and the first and second fiber layers 31 and 32 is placed in a molding device 200 (mold).

[0050] Following step S4, in step S5, as shown in FIG. 9, resin 37 is supplied into the molding apparatus 200. As a result, the resin 37 impregnates the first fiber layer 31 and the fifth fiber layer 35 and sixth fiber layer 36 serving as the second fiber layer 32, which are arranged on the outer peripheral surfaces of the liner 10 and the end member 20A. The resin 37 is then hardened by applying heat to the molding apparatus 200. A fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A having a resin layer 37a as the outermost layer is formed by a so-called RTM (Resin Transfer Molding) method, and the liner 10, the end member 20A, and the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A are integrally molded. The resin 37 is, for example, a thermosetting resin. In this embodiment, the mold of the molding apparatus 200 is divided into multiple sections. In step S5, heat is applied to the assembly by a heating device (not shown), and a mold closing operation is performed to close the mold of the molding device 200. Subsequently, a mold clamping operation is performed to apply pressure to the closed mold, thereby increasing the pressure inside the mold and promoting the hardening of the resin 37. Note that in this embodiment, the mold is divided into multiple sections, and therefore the mold closing operation and mold clamping operation are performed, but the mold clamping operation is not essential. Furthermore, if the mold is not divided into multiple sections, the mold closing operation and mold clamping operation are not essential. A space (resin pool) may be formed in the molding device 200 on the outlet side of the gate 201 through which the molten resin 37 is introduced. The resin 37 introduced into the molding device 200 is stored in the resin pool located to the side of the first end portions of the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36, which serve as the first fiber layer 31 and the second fiber layer 32. The resin 37 stored in the resin pool moves in the axial direction of the liner 10 by vacuum suction from a suction port 202 formed on the opposite side of the gate 201 in the longitudinal direction of the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 serving as the first fiber layer 31 and the second fiber layer 32, and impregnates the first fiber layer 31 and the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 serving as the second fiber layer 32. With the resin 37 impregnated into the first fiber layer 31 and the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 serving as the second fiber layer 32, heat is applied to the molding device 200, and pressure is further applied within the molding device 200, thereby forming the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A.

[0051] In this molding method, multiple layers of fibrous bodies arranged along the axial direction are gathered radially inward as the first fiber layer 31, and multiple layers of fibrous bodies wound in the axial direction are gathered radially outward as the second fiber layer 32. Fiber bodies with a relatively small axial orientation angle require a short travel distance when impregnated with the resin 37, and the travel resistance is small. On the other hand, fibers with a relatively large axial orientation angle require a long travel distance when impregnated with the resin 37, and the travel resistance is large. That is, the smaller the axial orientation angle of the fibers, the easier it is to be impregnated with the resin 37, and the larger the axial orientation angle of the fibers, the more difficult it is to be impregnated with the resin 37. Furthermore, the pressure (winding pressure) acting on an object around which the second fiber layer 32 is wound decreases as the winding diameter increases. Therefore, this structure can reduce the winding pressure of the second fiber layer 32 and reduce the Vf (Volume of Fiber: fiber volume content) of the first fiber layer 31, thereby improving the impregnation of the resin 37. Furthermore, with this structure, even if the fiber reinforced resin cylindrical portion 30A is made thick, the resin 37 can be suitably impregnated into the fibrous body.

[0052] Following step S5, in step S6, the molded assembly, i.e., pressure vessel 1A, is removed from molding apparatus 200 as shown in FIG.

[0053] A pressure vessel 1A according to a first embodiment of the present invention is a pressure vessel 1A for storing a pressurized fluid therein, and comprises a liner 10 having a tubular portion 11 extending in an axial direction and a side wall portion provided at one end of the tubular portion 11 in the axial direction, a nozzle portion (end member 20AX) arranged to cover the side wall portion and for introducing and discharging the pressurized fluid into and from the liner 10 through a hole formed in the side wall portion, and a fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A arranged radially outward of the liner 10 and the nozzle portion, the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A being formed radially outward of the liner 10 and the nozzle portion, and comprising: a first fiber layer 31 having a plurality of layers of fibrous bodies arranged along the axial direction of the liner 10; a second fiber layer 32 having a plurality of layers of fibrous bodies wound radially outward of the first fiber layer 31; and a thermosetting resin (resin 37) impregnated into the fibrous bodies and cured. Therefore, in the pressure vessel 1A, multiple fiber layers arranged along the axial direction are gathered and arranged radially inward, and multiple fiber layers wound in the axial direction are gathered and arranged radially outward, thereby improving the impregnation of the resin 37 and improving productivity.

[0054] In the pressure vessel 1A, the second fiber layer 32 comprises, in order from the radially inner side to the radially outer side, a fifth fiber layer 35 and a sixth fiber layer 36 having an orientation angle with respect to the axial direction different from that of the fifth fiber layer. Therefore, the pressure vessel 1A can improve its pressure resistance in the radial direction.

[0055] In the pressure vessel 1A, the second fiber layer 32 includes a plurality of sets of the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36. Therefore, the pressure vessel 1A can further improve its pressure resistance in the radial direction.

[0056] In the pressure vessel 1A, the fibrous body of the fifth fiber layer 35 is wound one or more times around the radially outer side of the first fiber layer 31 in such a manner that the orientation angle θ5 of the fibrous body with respect to the axial direction is 60° or less on the radially outer side of the liner 10, and the fibrous body of the sixth fiber layer 36 is wound one or more times around the radially outer side of the first fiber layer 31 in such a manner that the orientation angle θ6 of the fibrous body with respect to the axial direction is 80° or less on the radially outer side of the liner 10 and is larger than the orientation angle θ5 of the fibrous body of the fifth fiber layer 35. Therefore, the pressure vessel 1A can suitably improve its pressure resistance in the radial direction.

[0057] In the pressure vessel 1A, the thickness of the second fiber layer 32 in the axial direction varies depending on the outer diameters of the liner 10 and the nozzle portion. Therefore, the pressure vessel 1A allows the second fiber layer 32 to be formed by a multiple yarn filament winding method, thereby improving productivity.

[0058] In the pressure vessel 1A, the thickness of the second fiber layer 32 increases as the outer diameters of the liner 10 and the nozzle portion decrease. Therefore, the pressure vessel 1A allows the second fiber layer 32 to be formed by a multiple yarn filament winding method, which improves productivity and also improves the radial pressure resistance in the areas of the liner 10 and the nozzle portion where the outer diameter is small.

[0059] In the pressure vessel 1A, the fibrous bodies of the first fibrous layer 31 are arranged so that adjacent fibrous bodies in the circumferential direction abut against each other. Therefore, the pressure vessel 1A can have improved strength in the axial direction.

[0060] In the pressure vessel 1A, the nozzle portion has a main body portion extending in the axial direction, a liner side end face 20a that is on the liner 10 side of the main body portion in the axial direction, and an opposite end face 20b that is on the opposite side of the liner 10 in the axial direction of the main body portion, and the main body portion has a reduced diameter portion 22A that reduces in diameter as it moves away from the liner 10 in the axial direction, a first outer diameter portion 21 that is on the liner side end face 20a side of the reduced diameter portion 22A, and a second outer diameter portion 23 that is on the opposite end face 20b side of the reduced diameter portion 22A and has an outer diameter smaller than the first outer diameter portion 21, and the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A is arranged radially outside the liner 10, the first outer diameter portion 21 and the reduced diameter portion 22. Therefore, the pressure vessel 1A can ensure pressure resistance at the axial ends.

[0061] In the pressure vessel 1A, the reduced diameter portion 22A has a tapered shape when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. Therefore, in the pressure vessel 1A, the fiber reinforced resin cylindrical portion 30A is formed on the tapered reduced diameter portion 22A, so that excessive stress concentration can be avoided and pressure resistance can be improved.

[0062] A pressure vessel manufacturing method according to a first embodiment of the present invention is a pressure vessel manufacturing method for manufacturing a pressure vessel 1A, and includes the steps of: arranging the fibrous bodies of the first fiber layer 31 radially outside the liner 10 and the nozzle portion; arranging the fibrous bodies of the second fiber layer 32 radially outside the fibrous bodies of the first fiber layer 31; and impregnating the arranged fibrous bodies with a thermosetting resin and curing it. Therefore, according to the pressure vessel manufacturing method, multiple fiber layers arranged along the axial direction are gathered and arranged radially inward, and multiple fiber layers wound in the axial direction are gathered and arranged radially outward, thereby improving the impregnation of the resin 37 and improving productivity.

[0063] Second Embodiment Next, a pressure vessel according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described, focusing on the differences from the pressure vessel 1A according to the first embodiment. As shown in Figure 10, the pressure vessel 1B according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes an end member 20BX instead of the end member 20AX. The end member 20BX includes a reduced diameter portion 22B instead of the reduced diameter portion 22A.

[0064] ≪Reduced diameter part≫ The reduced diameter portion 22B is a portion whose outer diameter decreases (reduced in diameter) as it moves away from the liner 10 in the axial direction (from the first outer diameter portion 21 toward the second outer diameter portion 23). In this embodiment, the reduced diameter portion 22B is a portion that has a barrel shape (dome shape) when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the liner 10, with the outer diameter decreasing in a curved manner from the first outer diameter portion 21 toward the second outer diameter portion 23.

[0065] The pressure vessel 1B may be configured to include an end member having a reduced diameter portion 22B instead of the end member 20AY.

[0066] In a pressure vessel 1B according to the second embodiment of the present invention, reduced diameter portion 22B has a curved shape when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. Therefore, in the pressure vessel 1B, the fiber reinforced resin cylindrical portion 30A is formed on the curved reduced diameter portion 22B, so that excessive stress concentration can be avoided and pressure resistance can be improved.

[0067] <Third embodiment> Next, a pressure vessel according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described, focusing on the differences from the pressure vessel 1A according to the first embodiment.

[0068] As shown in FIGS. 11, 12 and 13, a pressure vessel 1C according to a third embodiment of the present invention includes a fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30C instead of the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30A.

[0069] <Cylinder made of fiber-reinforced resin> The fiber reinforced resin tubular portion 30C includes a third fiber layer 33 and a fourth fiber layer .

[0070] <Third fiber layer> The third fiber layer 33 is composed of a plurality of fibers spaced apart in the circumferential direction relative to the outer peripheral surface of the liner 10, etc. More specifically, a fibrous body (fiber aggregate) is formed by bundling a plurality of fibers into a strip or bundle shape, and the first fiber layer 31 is formed by arranging the plurality of fibrous bodies with different phases. The fibrous bodies in the third fiber layer 33 extend along the axial direction of the liner 10. That is, with respect to the third fiber layer 33, the orientation angle θ3 (see FIG. 15 ) of the carbon fibers with respect to the axis of the liner 10 is 0° to 10° (or 0° to −10°), preferably 10° or −10°, on the radially outer side of the liner 10. Adjacent fibrous bodies in the circumferential direction of the third fiber layer 33 are spaced apart from each other. The third fiber layer 33 is a spaced fiber layer formed of a single layer of spaced fibrous bodies in the radial direction. That is, the plurality of fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer 33 are arranged so that, when viewed from the radially outer side, there are a plurality of portions in the circumferential direction where the liner 10 and the end members 20AX, 20Y are exposed from the fibrous bodies.

[0071] <Fourth fiber layer> The fourth fiber layer 34 is disposed radially outward of the first fiber layer 31 and is composed of a plurality of fibers disposed so as to cover the first fiber layer 31. More specifically, a fibrous body (fiber aggregate) is formed by gathering a plurality of fibers into a strip or bundle, and the fourth fiber layer 34 is formed by arranging the plurality of fibrous bodies with different phases. The fibrous bodies in the fourth fiber layer 34 are wound around one or more turns so as to be inclined with respect to the axial direction of the liner 10, and extend spirally with respect to the axial direction of the liner 10. That is, with respect to the fourth fiber layer 34, the orientation angle θ4 (see FIG. 16 ) of the fibrous bodies with respect to the axial direction (axis) of the liner 10 is 80° or −80° on the radially outer side of the liner 10. Adjacent fibrous bodies in the fourth fiber layer 34 are in contact with each other in the circumferential direction. Adjacent fibrous bodies in the third fiber layer 33 are spaced apart from each other. The fourth fiber layer 34 is formed in the radial direction by a single layer of fiber material, and is a partition fiber layer that separates the third fiber layer 33 from the first fiber layer 31 and ensures space between the fiber materials of the third fiber layer 33 for the resin 37 to enter.

[0072] The interval between adjacent fibrous bodies in the third fiber layer 33 is larger than the width (outer diameter) of the fibrous bodies. The fibrous bodies of the fourth fiber layer 34 abut against the outer peripheral surfaces of the liner 10 and the end member 20A between adjacent fibrous bodies in the third fiber layer 33. The fibrous bodies of the fourth fiber layer 34 may be spaced apart from the outer peripheral surfaces of the liner 10 and the end member 20A.

[0073] <Resin> The resin 37 is impregnated into and hardened in the fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer 33 and the fourth fiber layer 34. The resin 37 also penetrates and hardens between adjacent fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer 33, in this embodiment, between the fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer 33 and the portions of the fourth fiber layer 34 that are in contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the liner 10 and the end member 20A.

[0074] Like the first fiber layer 31 and the second fiber layer 32, the third fiber layer 33 and the fourth fiber layer 34 are preferably arranged so as to cover the boundary between the first outer diameter portion 21 and the reduced diameter portion 22A from the radial outside, and more preferably so as to cover the boundary between the reduced diameter portion 22A and the second outer diameter portion 23 from the radial outside.

[0075] <Pressure vessel manufacturing method> Next, a method for manufacturing a pressure vessel 1C according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described, focusing on the differences from the method for manufacturing the pressure vessel 1A according to the first embodiment, using the flowchart in Figure 14. The method for manufacturing the pressure vessel 1C includes a fiber installation step (steps S3c, S3b) between the end member connecting step (step S2) and the fiber installation step (steps S3a, S3b).

[0076] Following step S2, in step S3c, a third fiber layer 33 is formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the tubular portion 11 of the liner 10, and the first outer diameter portion 21, the tapered portion 22A, and the second outer diameter portion 23 of the end member 20A, as shown in Fig. 15. Following step S3c, in step S3d, a fourth fiber layer 34 is formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the third fiber layer 33 in the tubular portion 11 of the liner 10, and the first outer diameter portion 21, the tapered portion 22A, and the second outer diameter portion 23 of the end member 20A, as shown in Fig. 16.

[0077] Following step S3d, as shown in Fig. 17, a first fiber layer 31 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the second fiber layer 32 in the tubular portion 11 of the liner 10, and the first outer diameter portion 21, the tapered portion 22A, and the second outer diameter portion 23 of the end member 20A. Following step S3a, in step S3b, as shown in Fig. 18, a second fiber layer 32 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first fiber layer 31 in the tubular portion 11 of the liner 10, and the first outer diameter portion 21, the tapered portion 22A, and the second outer diameter portion 23 of the end member 20A.

[0078] In steps S3c and S3d, the fibers constituting the third fiber layer 33 and the fourth fiber layer 34 are so-called raw silk, rather than fibers impregnated with the resin 37. The third fiber layer 33 and the fourth fiber layer 34 are simultaneously disposed on the outer circumferential surfaces of the liner 10 and the end member 20A by a multiple feeding filament winding (MFW) method. The third fiber layer 33 and the fourth fiber layer 34 fed by the multiple feeding filament winding method are independent layers without being woven into each other, and exhibit a so-called non-crimp structure.

[0079] In steps S3c and S3d, the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 as the first fiber layer 31 and the second fiber layer 32 are arranged on the outer peripheral surfaces of the liner 10 and the end member 20A from one direction (only) by a multiple supply filament winding device 100A (100A3, 100A4) shown in FIG. 19 . Specifically, the third fiber layer 33 and the fourth fiber layer 34 are arranged from one direction only, starting from the end member 20AX side, which is one end in the axial direction, and winding proceeds from the end member 20AX side toward the end member 20AY side, which is the other end in the axial direction. The multiple supply filament winding device 100A can appropriately set and change the orientation angles of the fibers in the third fiber layer 33 and the fourth fiber layer 34. The assembly of the liner 10 and the end member 20A passes through the multiple supply filament winding devices 100A3 and 100A4, starting from one end (end member 20AX). The first multi-yarn filament winding device 100A3 places the fiber body of the third fiber layer 33 onto the assembly, and the second multi-yarn filament winding device 100A4 winds the fiber body of the fourth fiber layer 34 onto the assembly.

[0080] Following step S3b, in step S4, as shown in FIG. 20, the assembly of the liner 10, end member 20A, third fiber layer 33, fourth fiber layer 34, first fiber layer 31 and second fiber layer 32 is placed in a molding apparatus 200 (mold).

[0081] Following step S4, in step S5, as shown in Fig. 20, resin 37 is supplied into the molding apparatus 200. The resin 37 enters the space formed at the innermost radial position by the third fiber layer 33 and the fourth fiber layer 34 and moves axially along the space. Therefore, this structure can improve the impregnation of the resin 37.

[0082] In a pressure vessel 1C according to a third embodiment of the present invention, the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion 30C includes a third fiber layer 33 and a fourth fiber layer 34 arranged between the liner 10 and the nozzle portion and the first fiber layer 31, the third fiber layer 33 being arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the liner 10 and the nozzle portion and having a plurality of fiber bodies arranged along the axial direction of the liner 10, the fourth fiber layer 34 being arranged radially outside the third fiber layer 33 and having a plurality of fiber bodies wound around the third fiber layer 33, and the plurality of fiber bodies of the third fiber layer 33 being arranged spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the liner. Therefore, in the pressure vessel 1C, the third fiber layer 33 is formed intermittently in the circumferential direction, and the third fiber layer 33 is covered with the fourth fiber layer 34. Therefore, by allowing the resin 37 to penetrate between the fibers of the third fiber layer 33 in the circumferential direction, impregnation properties can be improved, and productivity can be improved.

[0083] In the pressure vessel 1C, the orientation angle θ3 of the fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer 33 relative to the axial direction of the liner 10 is 0° to 10° on the radially outer side of the liner 10. Therefore, the pressure vessel 1C can favorably form a space for the resin 37 to enter, improving impregnation properties and favorably improving productivity.

[0084] In the pressure vessel 1C, the orientation angle θ3 of the fibrous body of the third fiber layer 33 relative to the axial direction of the liner 10 is 10° on the radially outer side of the liner 10. Therefore, the pressure vessel 1C can favorably form a space into which the resin 37 enters, improving impregnation properties, and shortening the distance that the resin 37 travels in the space into which the resin 37 enters, thereby favorably improving productivity.

[0085] In the pressure vessel 1C, the orientation angle θ4 of the fibrous body of the fourth fiber layer 34 relative to the axial direction of the liner 10 is 80° on the radially outer side of the liner 10. Therefore, the pressure vessel 1C can appropriately separate the third fiber layer 33 from the radially outer fiber layers, and appropriately form a space for the resin 37 to enter, thereby improving impregnation and productivity.

[0086] In the pressure vessel 1C, the plurality of fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer 33 are arranged so that the interval between adjacent fibrous bodies is larger than the width of the fibrous body. Therefore, the pressure vessel 1C can improve the impregnation of the resin 37 and thereby improve productivity by suitably ensuring a space between the fibers of adjacent third fiber layers 33 through which the resin 37 can enter.

[0087] In the pressure vessel 1C, the fibrous bodies of the fourth fiber layer 34 are in contact with the liner 10 and the outer circumferential surface of the nozzle between the adjacent fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer 33. Therefore, the pressure vessel 1C has a space through which the resin 37 can enter between the fibrous body of the third fiber layer 33 and the portion of the fourth fiber layer 34 that abuts against the outer peripheral surface of the liner 10 and the nozzle portion, thereby improving the impregnation of the resin 37 while ensuring tension in the fibrous body of the fourth fiber layer 34, and ultimately improving productivity.

[0088] A pressure vessel manufacturing method according to a third embodiment of the present invention is a pressure vessel manufacturing method for manufacturing a pressure vessel 1C, and includes the steps of: arranging the fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer 33 radially outside the liner 10 and the nozzle portion; arranging the fibrous bodies of the fourth fiber layer 34 radially outside the fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer 33; arranging the fibrous bodies of the fiber layer radially outside the fourth fiber layer 34; and impregnating the arranged fibrous bodies with a thermosetting resin and curing it. Therefore, according to the pressure vessel manufacturing method, the third fiber layer 33 is formed intermittently in the circumferential direction and the third fiber layer 33 is covered with the fourth fiber layer 34. Therefore, the resin 37 can penetrate between the fibers of the third fiber layer 33 in the circumferential direction, thereby improving impregnation and improving productivity.

[0089] <Fourth embodiment> Next, a pressure vessel according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described, focusing on the differences from the pressure vessel 1C according to the third embodiment.

[0090] As shown in FIG. 21, a pressure vessel 1D according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention includes a pair of end members 20B instead of the pair of end members 20A.

[0091] In a pressure vessel 1D according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, reduced diameter portion 22B has a curved shape when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. Therefore, in the pressure vessel 1D, the fiber reinforced resin cylindrical portion 30C is formed on the curved reduced diameter portion 22B, so that excessive stress concentration can be avoided and pressure resistance can be improved.

[0092] Although the above describes an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment and can be modified appropriately without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, the third fiber layer 33, the fourth fiber layer 34, the first fiber layer 31, and the fifth fiber layer 35 and the sixth fiber layer 36 as the second fiber layer 32 may be woven together to form a so-called crimped structure. As a modified example, the fibrous body 110 used as part of the composite material is not limited to one made of carbon fiber, but may be made of any fiber capable of reinforcing a resin layer (e.g., glass fiber, cellulose fiber, etc.). A recess (annular groove) for accommodating the first fiber layer 31 may be formed on the outer circumferential surface of at least one of the first outer diameter portion 21 and the second outer diameter portion 23. The liner 10 may have a configuration in which one end of the tubular portion 11 is open and the other is a bottom. The structure of the end members 20AX and 20BX as the nozzle of the present invention can also be applied to an end member 20AY through which pressurized fluid does not flow. In addition, the fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer 33, the fourth fiber layer 34, the first fiber layer 31, and the fifth fiber layer 35 and sixth fiber layer 36 as the second fiber layer 32 may each be formed from fibers of different materials (or material ratios). [Explanation of symbols]

[0093] DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D... Pressure vessel 10... Liner 11... Cylindrical portion 12a... Small diameter portion (rear portion) 12b... End surface portion (side wall portion) 20AX, 20BX... End member (mouthpiece portion) 20a... Liner side end surface 20b... Opposite end surface 20c... Flow path portion 21... First outer diameter portion (main body portion) 22A, 22B... Reduced diameter portion (main body portion) 23... Second outer diameter portion (main body portion) 30A, 30C... Fiber reinforced resin cylindrical portion 31... First fiber layer 32... Second fiber layer 33... Third fiber layer 34... Fourth fiber layer 35... Fifth fiber layer 36... Sixth fiber layer 37... Resin 37a... Resin layer 110... Fiber body

Claims

1. 1. A pressure vessel for storing pressurized fluid therein, comprising: a liner having a cylindrical portion extending in an axial direction and a side wall portion provided at one end of the cylindrical portion in the axial direction; a nozzle portion disposed to cover the side wall portion and configured to allow the pressurized fluid to enter and exit the liner through a hole formed in the side wall portion; a fiber-reinforced resin cylindrical portion disposed radially outward of the liner and the nozzle portion; Equipped with The fiber reinforced resin cylindrical portion is a first fiber layer formed radially outward of the liner and the nozzle portion, the first fiber layer having a plurality of layers of fibrous bodies arranged along the axial direction of the liner; a second fiber layer having a plurality of layers of fiber bodies wound radially outward of the first fiber layer; a thermosetting resin impregnated in the fibrous body and cured; A pressure vessel comprising:

2. the fiber-reinforced resin tubular portion includes a third fiber layer and a fourth fiber layer disposed between the liner and the nozzle portion and the first fiber layer, the third fiber layer is disposed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the liner and the nozzle portion, and includes a plurality of fibrous bodies disposed along the axial direction of the liner, the fourth fiber layer is disposed radially outward of the third fiber layer and has a plurality of fiber bodies wound around the third fiber layer; the plurality of fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer are arranged spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the liner; The pressure vessel of claim 1.

3. The second fiber layer is a fifth fiber layer and a sixth fiber layer having an orientation angle with respect to the axial direction different from that of the fifth fiber layer, in this order from the radially inner side to the radially outer side; The pressure vessel according to claim 1 or 2.

4. the second fiber layer includes a plurality of sets of the fifth fiber layer and the sixth fiber layer; The pressure vessel of claim 3.

5. the fibrous body of the fifth fiber layer is wound around the radially outer side of the first fiber layer by one or more turns so that the orientation angle of the fibrous body with respect to the axial direction is 60° or less on the radially outer side of the liner, the fibrous bodies of the sixth fiber layer are wound around the radially outer side of the first fiber layer by one or more turns so that an orientation angle of the fibrous bodies with respect to the axial direction is 80° or less on the radially outer side of the liner and is larger than an orientation angle of the fibrous bodies of the fifth fiber layer; 5. The pressure vessel of claim 4.

6. a thickness of the second fiber layer in the axial direction that varies depending on the outer diameters of the liner and the nozzle portion; The pressure vessel according to claim 1 or 2.

7. the thickness of the second fiber layer increases as the outer diameters of the liner and the die portion decrease; 7. The pressure vessel of claim 6.

8. The fibrous bodies of the first fibrous layer are arranged so that adjacent fibrous bodies in the circumferential direction abut against each other. The pressure vessel according to claim 1 or 2.

9. 1. A pressure vessel for storing pressurized fluid therein, comprising: a liner having a cylindrical portion extending in an axial direction and a side wall portion provided at one end of the cylindrical portion in the axial direction; a nozzle portion disposed to cover the side wall portion and configured to allow the pressurized fluid to enter and exit the liner through a hole formed in the side wall portion; a fiber-reinforced resin cylindrical portion disposed radially outward of the liner and the nozzle portion; Equipped with The fiber reinforced resin cylindrical portion is a third fiber layer disposed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the liner and the nozzle portion, the third fiber layer having a plurality of fibrous bodies disposed along the axial direction of the liner; a fourth fiber layer disposed radially outward of the third fiber layer and having a plurality of fibrous bodies wound around the third fiber layer; a fiber layer disposed radially outward of the fourth fiber layer and having a plurality of fiber bodies; a thermosetting resin impregnated in the fibrous body and cured; Equipped with the plurality of fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer are arranged spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the liner; Pressure vessel.

10. an orientation angle of the fibrous body of the third fiber layer with respect to the axial direction of the liner is 0° to 10° on the radially outer side of the liner; A pressure vessel according to claim 2 or claim 9.

11. an orientation angle of the fibrous body of the third fiber layer with respect to the axial direction of the liner is 10° on the radially outer side of the liner; A pressure vessel according to claim 2 or claim 9.

12. an orientation angle of the fibrous body of the fourth fiber layer with respect to the axial direction of the liner is 80° on the radially outer side of the liner; A pressure vessel according to claim 2 or claim 9.

13. The plurality of fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer are arranged so that the interval between adjacent fibrous bodies is larger than the width of the fibrous body. A pressure vessel according to claim 2 or claim 9.

14. the fibrous bodies of the fourth fiber layer are in contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the liner and the spinneret between the adjacent fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer; A pressure vessel according to claim 2 or claim 9.

15. the nozzle portion has a main body portion extending in the axial direction, a liner-side end face of the main body portion that is on the liner side in the axial direction, and an opposite end face of the main body portion that is on the opposite side to the liner in the axial direction, the main body portion has a reduced diameter portion that reduces in diameter as it moves away from the liner in the axial direction, a first outer diameter portion that is closer to the liner-side end face than the reduced diameter portion, and a second outer diameter portion that is closer to the opposite end face than the reduced diameter portion and has an outer diameter smaller than the first outer diameter portion, The fiber-reinforced resin cylindrical portion is arranged radially outside the liner, the first outer diameter portion, and the reduced diameter portion.

10. The pressure vessel according to claim 1, claim 2 or claim 9.

16. The reduced diameter portion has a tapered shape when viewed in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction.

16. The pressure vessel of claim 15.

17. The reduced diameter portion has a curved shape when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the axial direction.

16. The pressure vessel of claim 15.

18. A method for manufacturing the pressure vessel according to claim 1, comprising the steps of: disposing the fibrous bodies of the first fiber layer radially outward of the liner and the die portion; disposing the fibrous bodies of the second fiber layer radially outside the fibrous bodies of the first fiber layer; a step of impregnating the disposed fibrous body with a thermosetting resin and curing the resin; A method for manufacturing a pressure vessel, comprising:

19. A pressure vessel manufacturing method for manufacturing the pressure vessel according to claim 9, comprising the steps of: disposing the fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer radially outward of the liner and the die portion; disposing the fibrous bodies of the fourth fiber layer radially outside the fibrous bodies of the third fiber layer; disposing the fibrous body of the fibrous layer radially outside the fourth fibrous layer; a step of impregnating the disposed fibrous body with a thermosetting resin and curing the resin; A method for manufacturing a pressure vessel, comprising:

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