Printed matter and printed matter combinations

Abstract

Provided is a printed matter comprising a transparent substrate and a printed layer, which improves the transparency of the transparent substrate, improves the adhesion between the transparent substrate and the printed layer, and suppresses blocking. [Solution] The printed matter includes a front surface 21 and a back surface 22. The printed matter includes a transparent substrate 30 and a printed layer 50. The transparent substrate 30 includes a first surface 31 that constitutes the front surface 21 and a second surface 32 that faces the first surface 31. The transparent substrate 30 includes a resin film 35 and an easy-adhesion layer 40 that constitutes the second surface 32. The printed layer 50 is located on a portion of the second surface 32 and, together with a portion of the easy-adhesion layer 40, constitutes the back surface 22. The easy-adhesion layer 40 includes a binder component 41 and particles 42 held by the binder component 41. The second surface 32 includes protrusions 43 formed by the particles 42. The transparent substrate 30 has a transmission haze of 3.0% or less.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE The present disclosure relates to printed articles and printed article combinations. [Background technology]

[0002] Printed matter in which a picture is printed on a transparent substrate is known. The printed matter described in Patent Document 1 imitates cel drawings, which were once used in the production of animation. Cel drawings are objects in which original drawings are drawn on a transparent celluloid substrate. Nowadays, digital drawing using computers has become widespread. Therefore, cel drawings are no longer used in the production of animation. On the other hand, prints imitating cel drawings are collectibles among enthusiasts, fans, and enthusiasts.

[0003] Printed materials using transparent substrates are used by layering them with patterned materials in which a pattern is printed on a paper substrate or the like. The pattern on the patterned material can be observed through the transparent substrate of the printed material. Users can also layer multiple printed materials. When multiple printed materials are combined, the pattern on the printed material in the back can be observed through the transparent substrate of the printed material in the front. Users can enjoy unique displays by combining multiple patterns.

[0004] In a printed matter in which a picture is printed on a transparent substrate, the transparent substrate is required to have high transparency. If the transparency of the transparent substrate is low, the aesthetic value of the printed matter decreases.

[0005] As described above, a printed matter using a transparent substrate can be treated as a printed matter combination with another picture or another printed matter. If the transparency of the transparent substrate is low, the picture behind the printed matter in the printed matter combination cannot be clearly and vividly observed. Therefore, the aesthetic value of the printed matter combination is reduced.

[0006] In printed matter in which a design is printed on a transparent substrate, the transparent substrate is also required to have good adhesion to the ink to be printed. If the adhesion between the transparent substrate and the printing layer is weak, the printing layer cannot be formed on the transparent substrate. When the printed matter is combined with a design or another printed matter, it will be deformed (e.g., curved). If the adhesion between the transparent substrate and the printing layer is weak, the printing layer may peel off from the transparent substrate when the printed matter is used. Even partial peeling of the printing layer significantly impairs the aesthetic value of the printed matter.

[0007] A printed matter with a design printed on a transparent substrate can be displayed in combination with an object with the design or another printed matter. In this display, the printed matter can be attached to the object with the design or another printed matter using, for example, a fixing device. The printed matter can be displayed while covered with a transparent resin plate. As described above, a printed matter using a transparent substrate can be combined with an object with the design or another printed matter. Therefore, the printed matter must also prevent blocking between the object with the design, another printed matter, and the resin plate. Blocking is a phenomenon in which a printed matter sticks to other adjacent components. When blocking occurs, the aesthetic value of the printed matter is significantly impaired. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 10-297141 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] As described above, the transparent substrate of a printed material is required to have high transparency and adhesion to the printed layer. At the same time, it is also necessary to suppress blocking of the printed material. The present disclosure aims to improve the transparency of the transparent substrate, improve the adhesion between the transparent substrate and the printed layer, and suppress blocking in a printed material including the transparent substrate and the printed layer. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The first printed matter according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is A printed matter having a front surface and a back surface, A transparent substrate and a printing layer are included. the transparent substrate includes a first surface constituting the surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the transparent substrate includes a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer, the easy-adhesion layer is provided on only one surface of the resin film and constitutes the second surface; the resin film constitutes the first surface, the printing layer is located on a portion of the second surface and constitutes the back surface together with a portion of the easy-adhesion layer; the easy-adhesion layer includes a binder component and particles held by the binder component, the second surface includes protrusions formed by the particles, The transparent substrate has a transmission haze of 3.0% or less, A printed matter that is used by being stacked on another printed matter with the front surface in contact with the back surface of the other printed matter, or that is used by being stacked on a resin plate with the front surface in contact with the resin plate.

[0011] The second printed matter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is A printed matter having a front surface and a back surface, A transparent substrate and a printing layer are included. the transparent substrate includes a first surface constituting the surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the transparent substrate includes a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer that forms the second surface, the printing layer is located on a portion of the second surface and constitutes the back surface together with a portion of the easy-adhesion layer; the easy-adhesion layer includes a binder component and particles held by the binder component, the second surface includes protrusions formed by the particles, The transparent substrate has a transmission haze of 3.0% or less, It can withstand a mandrel test using a 5mm diameter mandrel for a holding time of 30 seconds twice. The printed matter is used by being superimposed on another printed matter with the back surface in contact with the front surface of the other printed matter, by being superimposed on a picture-containing object with the back surface in contact with the picture-containing object, or by being superimposed on a resin plate with the back surface in contact with the resin plate.

[0012] A third printed matter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is A printed matter having a front surface and a back surface, A transparent substrate and a printing layer are included. the transparent substrate includes a first surface constituting the surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the transparent substrate includes a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer that forms the second surface, the printing layer is located on a portion of the second surface and constitutes the back surface together with a portion of the easy-adhesion layer; the easy-adhesion layer includes a binder component and particles held by the binder component, the second surface includes protrusions formed by the particles, The transparent substrate has a transmission haze of 3.0% or less, the adhesion on the second surface is evaluated by a cross-cut method as 2 or less; The printed matter is used by being superimposed on another printed matter with the back surface in contact with the front surface of the other printed matter, by being superimposed on a picture-containing object with the back surface in contact with the picture-containing object, or by being superimposed on a resin plate with the back surface in contact with the resin plate.

[0013] A fourth printed matter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is A printed matter having a front surface and a back surface, A transparent substrate and a printing layer are included. the transparent substrate includes a first surface constituting the surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the transparent substrate includes a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer that forms the second surface, the printing layer is located on a portion of the second surface and constitutes the back surface together with a portion of the easy-adhesion layer; the easy-adhesion layer includes a binder component and particles held by the binder component, the second surface includes protrusions formed by the particles, The transparent substrate has a transmission haze of 3.0% or less, The average thickness of the binder component is 1.0 μm or less, The particles have an average particle size of 1.0 μm or less, The printed matter is used by being superimposed on another printed matter with the back surface in contact with the front surface of the other printed matter, by being superimposed on a picture-containing object with the back surface in contact with the picture-containing object, or by being superimposed on a resin plate with the back surface in contact with the resin plate. [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] According to the present disclosure, for a printed matter including a transparent substrate and a printed layer, three advantages can be achieved: improved transparency of the transparent substrate, improved adhesion between the transparent substrate and the printed layer, and suppression of blocking. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0015] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a printed matter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2A] FIG. 2A is a photograph showing a specific example of a printed matter. [Figure 2B] FIG. 2B is a photograph showing another example of a printed matter. [Figure 3A] FIG. 3A is a plan view showing an example of a design displayed on the printed matter shown in FIG. [Figure 3B] FIG. 3B is a plan view showing another example of a design displayed on the printed matter shown in FIG. [Figure 4] FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a printed matter combination including the first printed matter shown in FIG. 3A and the second printed matter shown in FIG. 3B. [Figure 5] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the printed matter combination shown in FIG. [Figure 6] FIG. 6 is a plan view showing an example of a patterned product. [Figure 7] FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a printed matter combination including the first printed matter shown in FIG. 3A, the second printed matter shown in FIG. 3B, and the picture matter shown in FIG. [Figure 8] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the printed matter combination shown in FIG. [Figure 9A] FIG. 9A is a diagram showing one specific example of a printed matter combination. [Figure 9B] FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. 9A. [Figure 10A] FIG. 10A is a diagram showing another specific example of a printed matter combination. [Figure 10B] FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. 10A. [Figure 11A] FIG. 11A is a diagram showing yet another specific example of a printed matter combination. [Figure 11B] FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XI-XI in FIG. 11A. [Figure 12A] FIG. 12A is a diagram showing one specific example of a printed matter combination. [Figure 12B] FIG. 12B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XII-XII in FIG. 12A. [Figure 13A] FIG. 13A is a diagram showing one specific example of a printed matter combination. [Figure 13B] FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG. 13A. [Figure 14A] FIG. 14A is a diagram showing one specific example of a printed matter combination. [Figure 14B] FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIV-XIV in FIG. 14A. [Figure 15] FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a test method for evaluating the adhesion of a printed layer. [Figure 16] FIG. 16 is a photograph showing the test results of a test to evaluate the adhesion of the printed layer. [Figure 17] FIG. 17 is a photograph showing the test results of a test to evaluate the adhesion of the printed layer. [Figure 18]FIG. 18 is a photograph showing the test results of a test to evaluate the adhesion of the printed layer. [Figure 19] FIG. 19 is a photograph showing the test results of a test to evaluate the adhesion of the printed layer. [Figure 20] FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an evaluation pattern used in a test for evaluating blocking. [Figure 21] FIG. 21 is a diagram illustrating a test method for evaluating blocking on a transparent substrate. [Figure 22] FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating the printing pattern of the evaluation printing layer used in the test for evaluating blocking in the printing layer. [Figure 23] FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating the print pattern of the evaluation print layer used in the test for evaluating blocking in the print layer. [Figure 24] FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating the printing pattern of the evaluation printing layer used in the test for evaluating blocking in the printing layer. [Figure 25] FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating the print pattern of the evaluation print layer used in the test for evaluating blocking in the print layer. [Figure 26] FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating a test method for evaluating blocking in a transparent printing layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] In this embodiment, the following <1> ~ <21> Regarding.

[0017] <1> A printed matter having a front surface and a back surface, A transparent substrate and a printing layer are included. the transparent substrate includes a first surface constituting the surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the transparent substrate includes a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer, the easy-adhesion layer is provided on only one surface of the resin film and constitutes the second surface; the resin film constitutes the first surface, the printing layer is located on a portion of the second surface and constitutes the back surface together with a portion of the easy-adhesion layer; the easy-adhesion layer includes a binder component and particles held by the binder component, the second surface includes protrusions formed by the particles, The transparent substrate has a transmission haze of 3.0% or less, A printed matter that is used by being stacked on another printed matter with the front surface in contact with the back surface of the other printed matter, or that is used by being stacked on a resin plate with the front surface in contact with the resin plate.

[0018] <2> A printed matter having a front surface and a back surface, A transparent substrate and a printing layer are included. the transparent substrate includes a first surface constituting the surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the transparent substrate includes a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer that forms the second surface, the printing layer is located on a portion of the second surface and constitutes the back surface together with a portion of the easy-adhesion layer; the easy-adhesion layer includes a binder component and particles held by the binder component, the second surface includes protrusions formed by the particles, The transparent substrate has a transmission haze of 3.0% or less, It can withstand a mandrel test using a 5mm diameter mandrel for a holding time of 30 seconds twice. The printed matter is used by being superimposed on another printed matter with the back surface in contact with the front surface of the other printed matter, by being superimposed on a picture-containing object with the back surface in contact with the picture-containing object, or by being superimposed on a resin plate with the back surface in contact with the resin plate.

[0019] <3> A printed matter having a front surface and a back surface, A transparent substrate and a printing layer are included. the transparent substrate includes a first surface constituting the surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the transparent substrate includes a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer that forms the second surface, the printing layer is located on a portion of the second surface and constitutes the back surface together with a portion of the easy-adhesion layer; the easy-adhesion layer includes a binder component and particles held by the binder component, the second surface includes protrusions formed by the particles, The transparent substrate has a transmission haze of 3.0% or less, the adhesion on the second surface is evaluated by a cross-cut method as 2 or less; The printed matter is used by being superimposed on another printed matter with the back surface in contact with the front surface of the other printed matter, by being superimposed on a picture-containing object with the back surface in contact with the picture-containing object, or by being superimposed on a resin plate with the back surface in contact with the resin plate.

[0020] <4> A printed matter having a front surface and a back surface, A transparent substrate and a printing layer are included. the transparent substrate includes a first surface constituting the surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the transparent substrate includes a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer that forms the second surface, the printing layer is located on a portion of the second surface and constitutes the back surface together with a portion of the easy-adhesion layer; the easy-adhesion layer includes a binder component and particles held by the binder component, the second surface includes protrusions formed by the particles, The transparent substrate has a transmission haze of 3.0% or less, The average thickness of the binder component is 1.0 μm or less, The particles have an average particle size of 1.0 μm or less, The printed matter is used by being superimposed on another printed matter with the back surface in contact with the front surface of the other printed matter, by being superimposed on a picture-containing object with the back surface in contact with the picture-containing object, or by being superimposed on a resin plate with the back surface in contact with the resin plate.

[0021] <5> the easy-adhesion layer is provided on only one surface of the resin film, The resin film constitutes the first surface. <1> ~ <4> 10. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0022] <6> It can withstand a mandrel test using a 5mm diameter mandrel for a holding time of 30 seconds twice. <1> ~ <5> 10. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0023] <7> The adhesion on the second surface is evaluated by a cross-cut method as being 2 or less. <1> ~ <6> 10. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0024] <8> The average thickness of the binder component is 1.0 μm or less, The particles have an average particle size of 1.0 μm or less, <1> ~ <7> 10. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0025] <9> The average thickness of the binder component is smaller than the average particle size of the particles. <1> ~ <8> 10. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0026] <10> the arithmetic mean roughness Sa of the first surface is 5.0 nm or less; The arithmetic mean roughness Sa of the second surface is 5.0 nm or less. <1> ~ <9> 10. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0027] <11> The color difference of the transparent substrate before and after the light resistance test is ΔE = ((ΔL * ) 2 +(Δa* ) 2 +(Δb * ) 2 ) 1 / 2 is less than or equal to 0.25, <1> ~ <10> 10. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0028] <12> The resin film is mainly composed of polyester or acrylic resin. <1> ~ <11> 10. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0029] <13> The anti-transparency index Nt in the area where the printing layer is formed is 85.0% or more according to the anti-transparency method B (instrument method). <1> ~ <12> 10. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0030] <14> The thickness of the printing layer is 0.40 μm or more. <1> ~ <13> 10. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0031] <15> The printing layer includes a picture printing layer having a picture and a white, uniform base printing layer; The picture printed layer is located between the easy-adhesion layer and the base printed layer. <1> ~ <14> 10. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

[0032] <16> the undercoat printing layer is provided only on the picture printing layer, The periphery of the base printing layer is spaced apart from the periphery of the picture printing layer. <15> The printed matter described in.

[0033] <17> The thickness of the undercoat printing layer is 0.20 μm or more. <15> or <16> The printed matter described in.

[0034] <18> <1> ~ <17> A printed matter according to any one of the above items, <1> ~ <17> and another printed material according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

[0035] <19> Further provided is a resin bag for containing the printed matter and the other printed matter. <18> A printed matter combination as described in

[0036] <20> <1> ~ <17> A printed matter according to any one of the above items, A printed matter combination comprising: a resin plate;

[0037] <21> <1> ~ <17> A printed matter according to any one of the above items, A printed matter combination comprising: a picture object including a picture.

[0038] The present embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the drawings accompanying this specification, the scale and aspect ratios have been appropriately changed and exaggerated from those of the actual objects for ease of understanding. Configurations shown in some drawings may be omitted in other drawings.

[0039] In this specification, terms such as "parallel," "orthogonal," and "identical," which specify shapes and geometric conditions and their degrees, as well as values ​​of lengths and angles, are not limited to their strict meanings, but are interpreted as including a range of degrees within which similar functions can be expected.

[0040] In this specification, terms such as "sheet," "film," and "plate" are not distinguished from one another solely on the basis of differences in name. For example, a "resin plate" is not distinguished from a member called a resin sheet or a resin film solely on the basis of differences in name.

[0041] In this specification, the normal direction of a sheet-like (film-like, plate-like) member means a direction parallel to the normal or perpendicular to the sheet surface of the target sheet-like (film-like, plate-like) member. The "sheet surface (film surface, plate surface)" means the surface that coincides with the target sheet-like (film-like, plate-like) member when the target sheet-like (film-like, plate-like) member is observed as a whole.

[0042] In this specification, when multiple upper limit candidates and multiple lower limit candidate values ​​are listed for a certain parameter, the numerical range of the parameter may be constructed by combining any one upper limit candidate with any one lower limit candidate. As an example, consider the following statement: "Parameter B may be greater than or equal to A1, greater than or equal to A2, or greater than or equal to A3. Parameter B may be less than or equal to A4, less than or equal to A5, or less than or equal to A6." In this example, the numerical range of parameter B may be greater than or equal to A1 and less than or equal to A4, greater than or equal to A1 and less than or equal to A5, greater than or equal to A1 and less than or equal to A6, greater than or equal to A2 and less than or equal to A4, greater than or equal to A2 and less than or equal to A5, greater than or equal to A2 and less than or equal to A6, greater than or equal to A3 and less than or equal to A4, greater than or equal to A3 and less than or equal to A5, or greater than or equal to A3 and less than or equal to A6.

[0043] To clarify the relationship between directions between drawings, several drawings use arrows with common symbols to indicate a first direction D1, a second direction D2, and a third direction D3 as common directions. The tip of the arrow is the first side of each direction. The opposite side of the arrow is the second side of each direction. As shown in FIG. 1, a symbol with an x ​​in a circle indicates an arrow pointing away from the paper in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of the drawing. As shown in FIG. 3A, a symbol with a dot in a circle indicates an arrow pointing away from the paper in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface of the drawing.

[0044] The measurement methods described below, such as methods for measuring dimensions and physical properties, are not only applicable to measuring printed matter 20, but also to measuring components contained in printed matter 20, such as the transparent substrate, resin film, easy-adhesion layer, printing layer, picture printing layer, and base printing layer.

[0045] 1 to 26 are diagrams for explaining this embodiment. FIGS. 1 to 14B show specific examples of a printed matter combination 10 or a printed matter 20 according to this embodiment. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the printed matter 20. As shown in FIG. 1, the printed matter 20 includes a front surface 21 and a back surface 22. The printed matter 20 includes a transparent substrate 30 and a printed layer 50. The printed layer 50 is formed on a portion of the transparent substrate 30. The transparent substrate 30 includes a first surface 31 and a second surface 32. The printed layer 50 is located on a portion of the second surface 32. The transparent substrate 30 includes a resin film 35 and an easy-adhesion layer 40.

[0046] In the illustrated example, the front surface 21 and the back surface 22 face each other in the first direction D1. From the front surface 21 to the back surface 22 in the first direction D1, the transparent substrate 30 and the printed layer 50 are located in this order. The front surface 21 may be formed of the transparent substrate 30. The back surface 22 may be formed of the transparent substrate 30 and the printed layer 50. A portion of the back surface 22 may be formed of the printed layer 50, and the other portion of the back surface 22 may be formed of the easy-adhesion layer 40.

[0047] In the illustrated example, the first direction D1 is the stacking direction of the transparent substrate 30 and the printed layer 50. The transparent substrate 30 and the printed layer 50 are both sheet-shaped. The printed matter 20 is also sheet-shaped. The printed matter 20 is also called a printed sheet or a printed film. The first direction D1 is the thickness direction of the printed matter 20, the transparent substrate 30, and the printed layer 50.

[0048] In the illustrated example, the first surface 31 and the second surface 32 face each other in a first direction D1. The resin film 35 and the easy-adhesion layer 40 are positioned in this order from the first surface 31 to the second surface 32 in the first direction D1. The first surface 31 may be formed of the resin film 35. The second surface 32 may be formed of the easy-adhesion layer 40. A printed layer 50 is formed on a portion of the second surface 32.

[0049] In the illustrated example, the easy-adhesion layer 40 is located between the resin film 35 and the printed layer 50 in the first direction D1. The resin film 35, the easy-adhesion layer 40, and the printed layer 50 are located in this order from the front surface 21 to the back surface 22 in the first direction D1.

[0050] In the illustrated example, the first direction D1 is the stacking direction of the resin film 35 and the easy-adhesion layer 40. Both the resin film 35 and the easy-adhesion layer 40 are sheet-shaped. The first direction D1 is the thickness direction of the resin film 35 and the easy-adhesion layer 40.

[0051] In the illustrated example, the printed matter 20, transparent substrate 30, resin film 35, easy-adhesion layer 40, and printed layer 50 are flat. The printed matter 20, transparent substrate 30, resin film 35, easy-adhesion layer 40, and printed layer 50 extend on a plane. The printed matter 20, transparent substrate 30, resin film 35, easy-adhesion layer 40, and printed layer 50 extend in the second direction D2 and the third direction D3.

[0052] The second direction D2 and the third direction D3 are perpendicular to each other. The first direction D1 is perpendicular to the second direction D2. The first direction D1 is perpendicular to the third direction D3.

[0053] Unlike the illustrated example, the easy-adhesion layer 40 may be provided on both sides in the first direction D1 of the resin film 35. That is, the transparent substrate 30 may include the easy-adhesion layer 40, the resin film 35, and the easy-adhesion layer 40 in this order from the first surface 31 to the second surface 32 in the first direction D1.

[0054] The components included in the printed matter 20 will be described.

[0055] The transparent substrate 30 is a transparent substrate. Transparent means that the total light transmittance is 50% or more. The total light transmittance of the transparent substrate 30 may be 75% or more, 80% or more, 82% or more, 85% or more, 87% or more, 89% or more, 90% or more, or 92% or more. The total light transmittance of the transparent substrate 30 may be 100% or less, or may be less than 100%.

[0056] A light source that mimics the spectrum of D65 standard light (hereafter referred to as the D65 light source) is used to measure total luminous transmittance. Before measuring total luminous transmittance, the D65 light source is turned on for 15 minutes to stabilize the output of the D65 light source. The angle of incidence on the sample when measuring total luminous transmittance is 0°. The test environment for measuring total luminous transmittance is a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 5%. The sample is left in the test environment for 16 hours before starting the test. Other measurement conditions for measuring total luminous transmittance follow JIS K7361-1:1997.

[0057] The sample was large enough to cover the entire measurement window of the measuring device. The total light transmittance was calculated as the arithmetic mean of three measured values. The three measured values ​​used to calculate the arithmetic mean were the three measured values ​​obtained by excluding the maximum and minimum values ​​from the five measured values ​​measured at the five measurement locations included in the evaluation target. The five measurement locations were located at least 10 mm apart from each other.

[0058] The incident surface when measuring the total light transmittance of the transparent substrate 30 is the first surface 31. In the printed matter 20, the printing layer 50 is located on a portion of the printed matter 20. The total light transmittance of the transparent substrate 30 is measured in the region of the printed matter 20 where the transparent substrate 30 is provided.

[0059] An upper limit may be set for the transmission haze of the transparent substrate 30. By setting an upper limit for the transmission haze of the transparent substrate 30, it is possible to vividly and clearly observe the image located behind the printed matter 20. The transmission haze of the transparent substrate 30 may be 3.0% or less, 2.5% or less, 2.0% or less, 1.6% or less, 1.4% or less, or 1.3% or less.

[0060] There is no particular lower limit set for the transmission haze of the transparent substrate 30. The transmission haze of the transparent substrate 30 may be 0 or more, or may be greater than 0.

[0061] A D65 light source is used to measure transmission haze. Before measuring transmission haze, the D65 light source is turned on for 15 minutes to stabilize the output of the D65 light source. When measuring transmission haze, the angle of incidence on the sample is 0°. The test environment for measuring transmission haze is a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 5%. The sample is placed in the test environment for 16 hours before starting the test. Other measurement conditions for measuring transmission haze are in accordance with JIS K7136:2000.

[0062] The sample was large enough to cover the entire measurement window of the measurement device. The transmission haze was calculated as the arithmetic mean of three measured values. The three measured values ​​used to calculate the arithmetic mean were the three measured values ​​obtained by excluding the maximum and minimum values ​​from the five measured values ​​measured at the five measurement locations included in the evaluation target. The five measurement locations were located at least 10 mm apart from each other.

[0063] The incident surface when measuring the transmission haze of the transparent substrate 30 is the first surface 31. In the printed matter 20, the printing layer 50 is located on a portion of the printed matter 20. The total light transmittance of the transparent substrate 30 is measured in the region of the printed matter 20 where the transparent substrate 30 is provided.

[0064] An upper limit may be set for the arithmetic mean roughness Sa of the first surface 31. By setting an upper limit for the arithmetic mean roughness of the first surface 31, it is possible to vividly and clearly observe a pattern located behind the printed matter 20. The arithmetic mean roughness of the first surface 31 may be 5.0 nm or less, 4.0 nm or less, 3.0 nm or less, 2.0 nm or less, or 1.0 nm or less.

[0065] There is no particular lower limit set for the arithmetic mean roughness Sa of the first surface 31. The arithmetic mean roughness of the first surface 31 may be equal to or greater than 0 nm.

[0066] An upper limit may be set for the arithmetic mean roughness Sa on the second surface 32. By setting an upper limit for the arithmetic mean roughness on the second surface 32, it is possible to vividly and clearly observe a pattern located behind the printed matter 20. The arithmetic mean roughness on the second surface 32 may be 5.0 nm or less, 4.0 nm or less, 3.0 nm or less, 2.0 nm or less, or 1.0 nm or less.

[0067] There is no particular lower limit set for the arithmetic mean roughness Sa of the second surface 32. The arithmetic mean roughness of the second surface 32 may be equal to or greater than 0 nm.

[0068] The arithmetic mean roughness Sa is the three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness specified in ISO25178. The arithmetic mean roughness Sa is an index that indicates surface roughness. The three-dimensional arithmetic mean roughness is the three-dimensional extension of the arithmetic mean roughness Ra, which relates to two-dimensional roughness. The arithmetic mean roughness Sa is calculated using the following formula (i) by placing the orthogonal coordinate axes X and Y on the reference surface, defining the roughness curve as Z(x, y), and the size of the reference surface as Lx and Ly. In formula (i), A = Lx × Ly.

number

[0069] The arithmetic mean roughness is measured using a white light interferometer. The measurement area using the white light interferometer is 469.71 μm x 352.28 μm. Before measuring the arithmetic mean roughness, the light source is turned on for 15 minutes to stabilize the light source output. The test environment for measuring the arithmetic mean roughness is a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 5%. The sample is placed in the test environment for 16 hours before the test begins. Other measurement conditions for measuring the arithmetic mean roughness are in accordance with JIS B0601:2013.

[0070] The arithmetic mean roughness is the arithmetic mean of five measured values. The five measured values ​​to be used for the arithmetic mean are the five measured values ​​obtained by excluding the maximum and minimum values ​​from the seven measured values ​​taken at the seven measurement locations included in the evaluation object. The seven measurement locations are located at least 10 mm apart from each other.

[0071] 1, the transparent substrate 30 includes a resin film 35 and an easy-adhesion layer 40. The resin film 35 is a substrate that supports the printed layer 50. The easy-adhesion layer 40 is a layer that improves the adhesion of the printed layer 50.

[0072] The material of the resin film 35 is not particularly limited, and the base material may be resin or glass. Resin is preferable because it is lightweight and easy to manufacture. In applications such as those shown in Figures 9A to 14B, which will be referred to later, when the display method of the printed matter 20 is changed, a resin film 35 made of resin is easy to handle. The resin contained in the resin film 35 may include acrylic resin, polyester, polypropylene, polystyrene, polycarbonate, and triacetyl cellulose.

[0073] The resin film 35 may contain acrylic resin as a main component. "Acrylic resin" includes both acrylic resin and methacrylic resin. The main component refers to the material contained in the target (e.g., the resin film 35) at the maximum mass percentage (wt%). The resin film 35 may contain acrylic resin at a mass percentage of 50% or more.

[0074] The acrylic resin contained in the resin film 35 may be any appropriate (meth)acrylic resin. Examples of (meth)acrylic resins include poly(meth)acrylic acid esters such as polymethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate-(meth)acrylic acid copolymers, methyl methacrylate-(meth)acrylic acid ester copolymers, methyl methacrylate-acrylic acid ester-(meth)acrylic acid copolymers, methyl (meth)acrylate-styrene copolymers (such as MS resins), and polymers having alicyclic hydrocarbon groups (for example, methyl methacrylate-cyclohexyl methacrylate copolymers, methyl methacrylate-norbornyl (meth)acrylate copolymers). The resin used in the base layer is poly(meth)acrylic acid C such as polymethyl (meth)acrylate. 1-6 It may contain alkyl.

[0075] The resin film 35 may contain polyester as a main component, and the resin film 35 may contain one or more of polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and polybutylene terephthalate as the polyester.

[0076] The average thickness of the resin film 35 may be 10 μm or more and 500 μm or less, 20 μm or more and 250 μm or less, or 50 μm or more and 200 μm or less.

[0077] The "average thickness" used for the components 35, 40, and 50 included in the printed matter 20 is specified by the following (M1) to (M3).

[0078] (M1) The cross section of the printed matter 20 is imaged using a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) to obtain an observation image. The imaging area is determined so that the first direction D1, which is the thickness direction of the component to be measured, is aligned with the short side of the rectangular imaging area. The magnification during imaging is set to an appropriate magnification such that the thickness of the component to be measured relative to the length of the short side of the imaging area is between 1 / 20 and 1 / 3.

[0079] (M2) Measure the thickness of the component to be measured at a central position in the captured image along a direction perpendicular to the first direction D1, and at a pair of lateral positions on either side of the central position. The lateral positions are positions shifted to either side of the central position in the direction perpendicular to the first direction D1 by a length five times the thickness measurement value at the central position.

[0080] (M3) For the component to be measured, the above steps (M1) and (M2) are performed three times to measure the thickness of the component to be measured at a total of nine measurement positions. From the total of nine thickness measurements, the maximum measurement value, the second maximum measurement value, the minimum measurement value, and the second smallest measurement value are removed to obtain five thickness measurements. The average value of the five thickness measurements is taken as the average thickness of the component to be measured.

[0081] Section samples with exposed cross sections for STEM observation were prepared according to the following procedures (N1) to (N2).

[0082] (N1) Cut the printed material to the desired size to create a cut sample. Then, embed the cut sample in resin to create an embedded sample. The cut sample should be a strip measuring 10 mm long and 3 mm wide. Epoxy resin is used as the embedding resin.

[0083] The embedded sample was obtained by placing the cut sample in a silicon embedding plate, pouring in embedding resin, leaving it at room temperature for 12 hours to harden the embedding resin, and then removing the cut sample and the embedding resin from the silicon embedding plate. The embedded sample was in the shape of a block.

[0084] The epoxy resin used for embedding was a 10:1.2 mixture of Struers' "Epofix" and "Epofix Hardener," both of which were also manufactured by the same company. Silicon embedding plates manufactured by Dosaka EM may also be used.

[0085] (N2) The block-shaped embedded sample is cut vertically to prepare a section sample that exposes the cross section of the printed material. The embedded sample is cut with a microtome using a glass knife and a diamond knife. When cutting the block-shaped embedded sample, first roughly cut it with a glass knife. As a rough trimming, a surface approximately 100 μm long x 20 μm wide that includes the cross section is prepared. Next, this surface is cut with a diamond knife, and the section sample, floating on the water, is collected with a mesh.

[0086] An example of a scanning transmission electron microscope that can be used to obtain the observation images is the SU9000 ultra-high resolution field emission scanning electron microscope manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Corporation. When using this microscope, the imaging mode is BFSTEM. The acceleration voltage is 30 kV. The emission current is 20 μA. The image data size is 1280 × 960 pixels. The measurement magnifications are 5000, 10000, 50000, 75000, and 100000 times.

[0087] The adhesive layer 40 includes a binder component 41 and particles 42 held by the binder component 41. The second surface 32 formed by the adhesive layer 40 includes protrusions 43 formed by the particles 42.

[0088] The protrusions 43 due to the particles 42 are protrusions 43 formed due to the particles 42. The protrusions 43 formed by the particles 42 are included in the protrusions 43 due to the particles 42. As shown in FIG. 1 , the protrusions 43 may be formed by the particles 42 exposed from the binder component 41. The protrusions 43 may be formed by the particles 42 and the binder component 41 protruding on the particles 42. The protrusions 43 may be formed by the binder component 41 protruding on the particles 42.

[0089] The binder component 41 may function as a binding agent for forming a coating film. The binder component 41 may also be an element that holds the particles 42. The binder component 41 holds the particles 42 contained in the adhesion layer 40, allowing the adhesion layer 40 to maintain its film form. The binder component 41 may also be a base material for the adhesion layer 40.

[0090] The material of the binder component 41 is not particularly limited. The binder component 41 may contain a resin. The resin contained in the binder component 41 may be a natural resin or a synthetic resin. The binder component 41 may contain a thermoplastic resin. The binder component 41 may contain a cured resin. The cured resin is a cured product of a curable resin composition. The curable resin may be a thermosetting resin or an ionizing radiation curable resin. The ionizing radiation curable resin may be an ultraviolet curable resin or an electron beam curable resin. Examples of resins contained in the binder component 41 include thermoplastic resins such as polyester, polyurethane, and (meth)acrylic resin, and thermosetting resins.

[0091] The material of the particles 42 is not particularly limited. The particles 42 may be inorganic particles. The particles 42 may be organic particles. The easy-adhesion layer 40 may contain both organic particles and inorganic particles as the particles 42. Examples of materials for the inorganic particles include silica, alumina, zirconia, and titania. Examples of materials for the organic particles include polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic-styrene copolymer, melamine resin, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, benzoguanamine-melamine-formaldehyde condensate, silicone, fluorine-based resin, and polyester-based resin.

[0092] The adhesion layer 40 may be formed by a wet method. The adhesion layer 40 may be formed using an adhesion layer coating liquid for forming the adhesion layer 40. The adhesion layer 40 may be formed by drying or curing a coating film of the adhesion layer coating liquid. The adhesion layer coating liquid for forming the adhesion layer 40 may contain a binder component 41, particles 42, a solvent, an additive, a crosslinking agent, etc. The convex portions 43 can be formed on the second surface 32 by adjusting the blending ratio of the particles 42, the average particle size of the particles 42, the material of the binder component 41, the material of the particles 42, the type of solvent contained in the adhesion layer coating liquid, and the drying conditions for the coating film of the adhesion layer coating liquid.

[0093] The easy-adhesion layer 40 may be produced by co-extrusion together with the resin film 35. By co-extrusion, the transparent substrate 30 including the resin film 35 and the easy-adhesion layer 40 can be produced.

[0094] An upper limit may be set for the average thickness of the binder component 41. Setting an upper limit for the average thickness of the binder component 41 allows for stable formation of the convex portions 43. The average thickness of the binder component 41 may be 1.0 μm or less, 0.8 μm or less, 0.5 μm or less, 0.3 μm or less, or 0.25 μm or less.

[0095] There is no particular lower limit for the average thickness of the binder component 41 as long as the particles 42 can be held by the binder component 41. The average thickness of the binder component 41 may be greater than 0 μm, may be 0.01 μm or more, or may be 0.02 μm or more.

[0096] The average thickness of the binder component 41 is the average thickness of the adhesive layer 40 in areas where no particles 42 are present and no protrusions 43 are formed. The average thickness of the binder component 41 is determined by the above-mentioned (M1) to (M3). That is, the arithmetic mean value of the five thickness measurements of the adhesive layer 40 in areas where no particles 42 are present and no protrusions 43 are formed, obtained by the above-mentioned (M1) to (M3), is the average thickness of the binder component 41.

[0097] However, when determining the imaging region in (M1), the adhesive layer 40 located in the center along the direction perpendicular to the first direction D1 does not include particles 42 and does not include convex portions. Also, in (M2), when the adhesive layer 40 includes at least one of particles 42 and convex portions 43 at any lateral position, the thickness of the adhesive layer 40 is measured at a position adjacent to that lateral position that does not include particles 42 and does not include convex portions.

[0098] An upper limit may be set for the average particle diameter of the particles 42. By setting an upper limit for the average particle diameter of the particles 42, protrusions 43 of an appropriate size can be formed. Protrusions 43 of an appropriate size can reduce the transmission haze of the printed matter 20. In other words, by setting an upper limit for the average particle diameter of the particles 42, the image behind the transparent substrate 30 can be observed vividly and clearly. The average particle diameter of the particles 42 may be 1.0 μm or less, 0.80 μm or less, 0.70 μm or less, 0.60 μm or less, or 0.5 μm or less.

[0099] A lower limit may be set for the average particle diameter of the particles 42. By setting a lower limit for the average particle diameter of the particles 42, it is possible to form protrusions 43 of an appropriate size. Protrusions 43 of an appropriate size can effectively suppress blocking, as will be described later. The average particle diameter of the particles 42 may be 0.010 μm or more, 0.030 μm or more, 0.040 μm or more, or 0.050 μm or more.

[0100] The average particle size of the particles 42 is determined by the following (M4) to (M6).

[0101] (M4) An observation image is obtained by photographing the cross section of the printed matter 20 with a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM). The observation image of the cross section of the printed matter 20 is obtained in the same manner as when measuring the average thickness.

[0102] (M5) The largest particle located in the observed image is selected and the particle diameter is measured. The particle diameter is the distance between two parallel lines that form the longest distance between the cross section of the particle. In other words, the particle diameter is the maximum length of the particle in the observed image. The particle diameter is specified as the particle diameter (maximum length) of each individual particle. In other words, the particle diameter is the primary particle diameter.

[0103] (M6) For the same optical sheet to be measured, the above steps (M4) and (M5) are repeated nine times to measure the particle diameters of a total of nine particles. Five particle diameter measurements are obtained by excluding the largest, second largest, smallest, and second smallest measurements from the total of nine particle diameter measurements. The average of the five particle diameter measurements is taken as the average particle diameter of the particles 42.

[0104] 2A and 2B are images of the cross section of the printed matter 20 measured using a scanning transmission electron microscope. Fig. 2A shows a transparent substrate according to Example 1, which will be described later. Fig. 2B shows a transparent substrate according to Example 2, which will be described later.

[0105] The average thickness of the binder component 41 may be smaller than the average particle diameter of the particles 42. According to this example, the convex portions 43 of the particles 42 can be stably formed on the second surface 32. The convex portions 43 on the second surface 32 can suppress blocking, as will be described later.

[0106] The printed layer 50 is a layer formed by printing. The printed layer 50 may be formed by drying or curing a coating of ink. The printing method for forming the printed layer 50 is not particularly limited. The printed layer 50 may be formed by inkjet printing, offset printing, silk printing, or gravure printing.

[0107] The printed layer 50 may include a binder component and a colorant held in the binder component.

[0108] The binder component may be a resin. The binder component may include a thermoplastic resin. The binder component may include a cured resin. The cured resin is a cured product of a curable resin composition. The curable resin may be a thermosetting resin or an ionizing radiation curable resin. The ionizing radiation curable resin may be an ultraviolet curable resin or an electron beam curable resin. Examples of resins contained in the binder component include ultraviolet curable resins such as polyester, polyurethane, and (meth)acrylic resin.

[0109] The colorant may be a pigment, a dye, or a combination of a pigment and a dye.

[0110] The printed layer 50 has a picture formed thereon. The printed layer 50 displays a picture. The picture is not particularly limited. The printed layer 50 may include a picture such as a figure, pattern, design, color, picture, photograph, character, mark, pictogram, symbol, letter, or number. A printed matter 20 used in combination with another printed matter 20 or a picture-bearing picture object 60 may include a picture related to animation. The picture related to animation may include a picture of a character, building, facility, belongings, letter, pattern, design, color, or the like.

[0111] Fig. 3A shows a first printed matter 20A including a character design. Fig. 3B shows a second printed matter 20B including a character design. The first printed matter 20A and the second printed matter 20B differ in the facial expressions and positions of the characters that make up the designs.

[0112] A lower limit may be set for the anti-show-through index Nt of the printed matter 20 in the area where the printing layer 50 is formed, measured by the anti-show-through method B (instrumental method). The anti-show-through index Nt is an index that indicates the degree of anti-show-through property. When the anti-show-through index Nt is high, the anti-show-through property is high. In other words, when the anti-show-through index Nt is high, the printed matter 20 is less likely to show through the color behind it. By increasing the anti-show-through property, the printed matter 20 can suppress the influence of the color behind it and vividly display the image in the desired color. The anti-show-through index Nt may be 85.0% or more, 90.0% or more, 91.0% or more, or 92.0% or more.

[0113] The anti-transparency index Nt can be increased by increasing the thickness of the printed layer 50, adding a dark color material to the printed layer 50, combining a picture printed layer with a base printed layer, etc. When a base printed layer is provided to increase the anti-transparency property, the thickness of the base printed layer may be 10 μm or more, or may be 20 μm or more.

[0114] There is no particular upper limit set for the anti-see-through index Nt of the printed matter 20 in the region where the printed layer 50 is formed, measured by the anti-see-through method B (instrumental method). The anti-see-through index Nt may be 100% or less, or may be less than 100%.

[0115] The anti-transparency index Nt is the brightness (L * ) when using a white backing (L * The value of the anti-transparency index Nt is expressed as a percentage. The unit of the anti-transparency index Nt is "%". * ) is measured on the print 20 to be evaluated placed on a backing. * ) is measured using reflected light.

[0116] Lightness (L * When measuring the lightness (L) of the printed matter 20, the back surface 22 faces the backing, and the front surface 21 serves as the incident surface and the reflecting surface. * ) and brightness when using a white backing (L * The lightness (L) of the object to be evaluated is measured at the same measurement position by exchanging the white backing and the black backing. * ) and brightness when using a white backing (L * ) and calculate the value of the anti-transparency index.

[0117] Lightness (L * Before measuring the light source, turn on the light source for 15 minutes to stabilize the light source output. The measurement wavelength should be between 400nm and 700nm. * The test environment for measuring the anti-transparency index (Nt) is 20°C ± 15°C and 60% ± 20% relative humidity. The sample is left in the test environment for 16 hours before the test begins. Other measurement conditions for measuring the anti-transparency index (Nt) are in accordance with JIS L1923:2017.

[0118] A measurement sample is taken from the evaluation object. The measurement sample should be approximately a square measuring 7 cm x 7 cm. The anti-see-through index Nt is measured at three measurement points within the measurement sample. The arithmetic mean of the three anti-see-through index values ​​is the anti-see-through index Nt of the evaluation object. The three measurement points should be at least 10 mm apart from each other within the measurement sample.

[0119] A lower limit may be set for the thickness of the printed layer 50. By setting a lower limit for the thickness of the printed layer 50, the influence of the color of the pattern behind the printed layer 50 can be reduced, allowing the pattern of the printed layer 50 to be displayed vividly in the desired color. By setting a lower limit for the thickness of the printed layer 50, it is possible to prevent the easy-adhesion layer 40, which together with the printed layer 50 constitutes the back surface 22, from coming into contact with other adjacent members. By preventing the easy-adhesion layer 40, which is prone to blocking, from coming into contact with other members, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of blocking. The thickness of the printed layer 50 may be 0.40 μm or more, 2.0 μm or more, 25 μm or more, or 35 μm or more.

[0120] An upper limit may be set for the thickness of the printed layer 50. By setting an upper limit for the thickness of the printed layer 50, the printed matter 20 can be made thinner. The thickness of the printed layer 50 may be 600 μm or less, 200 μm or less, 150 μm or less, or 8.0 μm or less.

[0121] As shown in FIG. 1, the printing layer 50 may include a picture printing layer 51 and a base printing layer 52. The picture printing layer 51 is a layer on which a picture displayed by the printing layer 50 is formed. The picture printing layer 51 includes a picture. The picture printing layer 51 displays a picture. The base printing layer 52 is a uniform layer with a single color. The base printing layer 52 may also be a uniform white layer. The base printing layer 52 is a base layer displayed by the picture printing layer 51. The base printing layer 52 allows the picture printing layer 51 to vividly display the picture.

[0122] The picture-printed layer 51 may be formed by printing cyan, magenta, yellow, or black ink. The thickness of the picture-printed layer 51 may be appropriately set so as to display a desired picture. The thickness of the picture-printed layer 51 may be 0.20 μm or more and 200 μm or less, 1 μm or more and 100 μm or less, or 15 μm or more and 40 μm or less.

[0123] A lower limit may be set for the thickness of the base printing layer 52. By setting a lower limit for the thickness of the base printing layer 52, the influence of the color of the pattern behind the printing layer 50 can be reduced, allowing the pattern of the pattern printing layer 51 to be displayed vividly in the desired color. The thickness of the base printing layer 52 may be 0.20 μm or more, 1 μm or more, 10 μm or more, or 20 μm or more.

[0124] An upper limit may be set for the thickness of the base printing layer 52. By setting an upper limit for the thickness of the base printing layer 52, the printed matter 20 can be made thinner. The thickness of the base printing layer 52 may be 400 μm or less, 200 μm or less, 100 μm or less, or 40 μm or less.

[0125] 1, the base printing layer 52 may be provided only on the picture printing layer 51. The peripheral edge 52a of the base printing layer 52 may be spaced apart from the peripheral edge 51a of the picture printing layer 51. According to this example, when the printed matter 20 is observed from the surface 21, the base printing layer 52 is concealed by the picture printing layer 51. By concealing the base printing layer 52, the picture displayed by the picture printing layer 52 can be displayed vividly and clearly.

[0126] The method of using the printed matter 20 having the above configuration will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0127] The printed matter 20 includes a transparent substrate 30 and a printing layer 50. A pattern is formed on the printing layer 50. The printed matter 20 displays the pattern formed on the printing layer 50.

[0128] In the example shown in FIG. 1 , the printing layer 50 includes a picture printing layer 51 and a base printing layer 52. The base printing layer 52 is a monochromatic layer. The base printing layer 52 may be a monochromatic layer of constant thickness. The base printing layer 52 may be, for example, a uniform white layer. The base printing layer 52 is located behind the picture printing layer 51, allowing the picture printing layer 51 to display a picture vividly and clearly. The viewer can observe the picture of the picture printing layer 51 vividly and clearly.

[0129] 1, the picture-printed layer 51 is located between the transparent substrate 30 and the base printing layer 52 in the first direction D1, which is the stacking direction. The printed matter 20 displays the picture of the picture-printed layer 51 facing the first side in the first direction D1. The viewer observes the picture of the picture-printed layer 51 through the transparent substrate 30.

[0130] In the illustrated example, the transparent substrate 30 covers the printing layer 50 and the picture printing layer 51. Therefore, the transparent substrate 30 can protect the printing layer 50 and the picture printing layer 51. In other words, the transparent substrate 30 can prevent damage and deterioration of the picture.

[0131] As shown in FIG. 1, the base printing layer 52 may be provided only on the picture printing layer 51. The peripheral edge 52a of the base printing layer 52 may be spaced apart from the peripheral edge 51a of the picture printing layer 51. According to the example shown in FIG. 1, when the printed matter 20 is observed from the surface 21, the base printing layer 52 is concealed by the picture printing layer 51. Since the base printing layer 52 is not observed at the peripheral edge 51a of the picture printing layer 51, the outline of the picture becomes clear. The viewer can clearly see the picture displayed by the picture printing layer 51. This can improve the aesthetic value of the printed matter 20.

[0132] As described above, an upper limit is set for the transmission haze of the transparent substrate 30. By setting the transmission haze of the transparent substrate 30 to 3.0% or less, it is possible to effectively prevent the transparent substrate 30 from degrading the image. Therefore, an observer can vividly and clearly observe the image of the printing layer 50 through the transparent substrate 30.

[0133] The total light transmittance of the transparent substrate 30 may be set to the above-mentioned lower limit. The above-mentioned lower limit of the total light transmittance can further improve the transparency of the transparent substrate 30. An observer can observe the image of the printing layer 50 more vividly and clearly through the transparent substrate 30.

[0134] The above-mentioned upper limit may be set for the arithmetic mean roughness Sa on the first surface 31 of the transparent substrate 30. The above-mentioned upper limit for the arithmetic mean roughness Sa can further improve the transparency of the transparent substrate 30. An observer can see through the transparent substrate 30 and observe the pattern of the printing layer 50 more vividly and clearly.

[0135] Similarly, the above-mentioned upper limit may be set for the arithmetic mean roughness Sa on the second surface 32 of the transparent substrate 30. The above-mentioned upper limit for the arithmetic mean roughness Sa can further improve the transparency of the transparent substrate 30. An observer can see through the transparent substrate 30 and observe the pattern of the printing layer 50 more vividly and clearly.

[0136] Fig. 3A is a plan view showing a first printed matter 20A as an example of the printed matter 20. Fig. 3B is a plan view showing a second printed matter 20B as an example of the printed matter 20. Fig. 3A and Fig. 3B are each plan views showing the printed matter 20 from a first side in a first direction D1.

[0137] 3A and 3B, the printed layer 50 is provided on a portion of the transparent substrate 30. Therefore, the observer can observe what is behind the printed matter 20 in the area where the printed layer 50 is not provided. Because the transparent substrate 30 has excellent transparency, the observer can clearly observe what is behind the printed matter 20 through the transparent substrate 30.

[0138] As mentioned in the Background Art section, cel animation was once used in the production of animation. Cel animation is an item in which original drawings are drawn on a transparent celluloid substrate. Nowadays, digital drawing using computers has become widespread. Therefore, cel animation is no longer used in the production of animation.

[0139] On the other hand, due to the rarity of cel drawings, the printed matter 20 including the transparent substrate 30 and the printed layer 50 can have high commercial value among enthusiasts, fans, and enthusiasts. In order to satisfy the desires of enthusiasts, fans, and enthusiasts, it is important that the printed matter 20 has aesthetic value, and it is essential for the printed matter 20 that the transparent substrate 30 has high transparency. The printed matter 20 according to this embodiment, in which the transparent substrate 30 has high transparency, attracts enthusiasts, fans, and enthusiasts, and becomes a collectible item for enthusiasts, fans, and enthusiasts.

[0140] The printed matter 20 can be observed through the areas of the transparent substrate 30 that are not covered with the printed layer 50. Thus, similar to the old cel animations, the printed matter 20 can be handled in combination with another printed matter 20 and / or a picture object 60 that includes a design. The printed matter 20, together with another printed matter 20 and / or a picture object 60 that includes a design, constitutes a printed matter combination 10. The printed matter combination 10 may include the printed matter 20 and another printed matter 20. The printed matter combination 10 may include the printed matter 20 and a picture object 60. The printed matter combination 10 may include the printed matter 20, another printed matter 20, and a picture object 60.

[0141] 4 and 5 show an example of a printed matter combination 10. The printed matter combination 10 shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 includes a plurality of printed matters 20. As shown in Fig. 5, one printed matter 20 is stacked on another printed matter 20 in the first direction D1. Each of the plurality of printed matters 20 includes a transparent substrate 30 and a printed layer 50.

[0142] The printed material combination 10 shown in Figures 4 and 5 includes a first printed material 20A shown in Figure 3A and a second printed material 20B shown in Figure 3B. The first printed material 20A and the second printed material 20B are each a specific example of the printed material 20.

[0143] 4 and 5, one printed material 20B is overlapped with another printed material 20B such that the front surface 21 of one printed material 20B contacts the back surface 22 of the other printed material 20A. In other words, one printed material 20A is overlapped with another printed material 20B such that the back surface 22 of the one printed material 20A contacts the front surface 21 of the other printed material 20B.

[0144] 4 and 5, in a printed matter combination 10 including a plurality of printed matters 20, the image of the printed matter 20 (second printed matter 20B) located in the background can be observed through the transparent substrate 30 of the printed matter 20 (first printed matter 20A) located in the foreground. The printed matters 20 and printed matter combination 10, which include a highly transparent transparent substrate 30, allow the images included in each of the plurality of printed matters 20 to be simultaneously observed. In other words, the user can combine images in their own way and enjoy appreciating the plurality of images that have been combined in their own way.

[0145] "Located in front" means located near the viewer (user) in the first direction D1. "Located in front" means, of two printed materials 20 stacked in the first direction D1, the printed material 20 located near the viewer (user) in the first direction D1. "Located behind" means, of two printed materials 20 stacked in the first direction D1, the printed material 20 located far from the viewer (user) in the first direction D1. "Located behind" means, of two printed materials 20 stacked in the first direction D1, the printed material 20 located far from the viewer (user) in the first direction D1.

[0146] 4 and 5, the print assemblage 10 may include three prints 20. The print assemblage 10 may also include four or more prints 20.

[0147] FIG. 6 is a plan view showing one specific example of a patterned object 60 that is placed over the printed matter 20. The patterned object 60 includes a pattern. The patterned object 60 displays a pattern. The patterned object 60 does not have to include a transparent area. The patterned object 60 may include a transparent area. The patterned object 60 may have a pattern formed over its entire area. The patterned object 60 may have a pattern formed only in a portion of it.

[0148] The picture object 60 may be printed paper. The printed paper may include a printing substrate and a picture print layer on the printing substrate. The printing substrate is not particularly limited and may be paper, a resin film, glass, or a wooden board. Unlike the transparent substrate 30, the printing substrate does not have to be transparent. The picture print layer may be configured in the same manner as the print layer 50. The picture object 60 may be photographic paper. The picture object 60 may be a photograph.

[0149] 7 and 8 show another example of the printed matter combination 10. The printed matter combination 10 shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 includes a printed matter 20 and a picture object 60. As shown in Fig. 8, the printed matter 20 is overlapped with the picture object 60 in the first direction D1. As shown in Fig. 8, the printed matter 20 is overlapped with the picture object 60 so that the back surface 22 of the printed matter 20 contacts the picture object 60.

[0150] 7 and 8 includes a first printed matter 20A, a second printed matter 20B, and a picture object 60. The second printed matter 20B is located between the first printed matter 20A and the picture object 60 in the first direction D1.

[0151] In the printed matter combination 10 shown in Figures 7 and 8, the pattern of the patterned object 60 is observed through the transparent substrate 30 of the first printed matter 20A and the transparent substrate 30 of the second printed matter 20B. The pattern of the second printed matter 20B is observed through the transparent substrate 30 of the first printed matter 20A. With the printed matter 20 and printed matter combination 10 including a highly transparent transparent substrate 30, the patterns included in the printed matter 20 and the patterned object 60 can be observed simultaneously. In other words, the user can combine patterns in their own way and enjoy appreciating the multiple patterns that they have combined in their own way.

[0152] 7 and 8, the print combination 10 may include a single print 20 along with the picture 60. The print combination 10 may include three prints 20 along with the picture 60. The print combination 10 may include four or more prints 20 along with the picture 60.

[0153] 4, 5, 7, and 8, the multiple patterns displayed by the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 included in the printed matter combination 10 do not overlap. In other words, the multiple patterns displayed by the printed matter combination 10 are shifted from one another in a direction perpendicular to the first direction D1. Two or more patterns displayed by the printed matter combination 10 may partially overlap one another.

[0154] In a printed matter combination 10 in which two or more patterns partially overlap each other, a printed matter 20 may be used whose anti-see-through index Nt according to the anti-see-through method B (instrumental method) has been adjusted as described above. The front printed matter 20 may have an anti-see-through index Nt according to the anti-see-through method B (instrumental method) of 85.0% or more in the area where the printed layer 50 is formed. According to this example, the front printed matter 20 can clearly display its pattern in the desired vivid color without being affected by the pattern of the printed matter 20 behind it.

[0155] In the printed matter combination 10 in which two or more patterns partially overlap each other, the base printing layer 52 is provided only on the pattern printing layer 51, and the periphery 52a of the base printing layer 52 may be spaced apart from the periphery 51a of the pattern printing layer 51. In this example, the base printing layer 52 is not observed between the two patterns that are displayed partially overlapping each other. Therefore, the two patterns can be observed without any sense of incongruity.

[0156] The following describes usage patterns of the printed matter 20 and the printed matter combination 10. FIGS. 9A to 14B are diagrams showing usage patterns of the printed matter 20 and the printed matter combination 10. The usage patterns shown in FIGS. 9A to 14B can be applied to a printed matter combination 10 that includes a plurality of printed matters 20. The usage patterns shown in FIGS. 9A to 14B can be applied to a printed matter combination 10 that includes a printed matter 20 and a picture item 60. The usage patterns shown in FIGS. 9A to 14B can be applied to a printed matter combination 10 that includes a plurality of printed matters 20 and a picture item 60. In the usage patterns shown in FIGS. 9A to 14B, the number of printed matters 20 included in the printed matter combination 10 is not particularly limited.

[0157] As shown in Figures 9A and 9B, the printed matter combination 10 may include a fastener 71. The printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 included in the printed matter combination 10 may be fixed to each other using the fastener 71. As shown in Figures 3A and 3B, the printed matter 20 may have a hole 24. As shown in Figure 6, the picture object 60 may have a hole 24. The hole 24 may penetrate the printed matter 20. The fastener 71 passes through the hole 24, thereby fixing the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 to each other.

[0158] In the illustrated example, three holes 24 are provided in each of the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60. The printed matter combination 10 secures the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 to each other with three fasteners 71. The printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 have a rectangular shape in a plan view. The three holes 24 are provided near the upper edges of the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60. The three holes 24 are arranged along the upper edges. However, the arrangement and number of the holes 24 and the arrangement and number of the fasteners 71 may be changed.

[0159] As shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the printed matter combination 10 may include a fixing device 71 and a resin plate 72. The resin plate 72 has an elongated shape. The resin plate 72 is provided near the upper edge and extends along the upper edge. The fixing device 71 passes through a hole in the resin plate 72 and then passes through holes 24 in the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60. The fixing device 71, together with the resin plate 72, fixes the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 included in the printed matter combination 10 to each other. The printed matter combination 10 shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B has a pair of resin plates 72. The printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 included in the printed matter combination 10 are sandwiched between the pair of resin plates 72 on both sides in the first direction D1. One of the pair of resin plates 72 may be omitted.

[0160] 9A to 10B, the printed matter 20 and the patterned object 60 are fixed to each other near their upper edges. Therefore, by turning over the printed matter 20 or the patterned object 60 included in the printed matter combination 10, the image or the combination of images displayed by the printed matter combination 10 can be changed.

[0161] As shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the printed matter combination 10 may include a fixing device 71 and a resin plate 72. The resin plate 72 is large enough to cover the entire surfaces of the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60. The printed matter combination 10 has a pair of resin plates 72. The printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 included in the printed matter combination 10 are sandwiched between the pair of resin plates 72 on both sides in the first direction D1. The fixing device 71 passes through the pair of resin plates 72 and fixes the pair of resin plates 72 to each other. In the example shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the fixing device 71 does not pass through the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60. This prevents the fixing device 71 from damaging the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60.

[0162] 11A and 11B, the resin plate 72 covers the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 from both sides in the first direction D1. Therefore, the resin plate 72 can protect the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60. In other words, the resin plate 72 can prevent damage and deterioration of the picture.

[0163] As shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the printed matter combination 10 may include a case 73. The case 73 includes a pair of resin plates 73a. The pair of resin plates 73a have a rectangular shape in a plan view. The pair of resin plates 73a are joined to each other on three sides. The pair of resin plates 73a form an opening leading to the interior on one side. As shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 are housed between the pair of resin plates 73a. The printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 are sandwiched between the pair of resin plates 73a on both sides in the first direction D1. The resin plates 73a are large enough to cover the entire surfaces of the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60. The printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 can be inserted and removed from the case 73 by passing through the opening.

[0164] 12A and 12B, the resin plate 73a covers the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 from both sides in the first direction D1. Therefore, the resin plate 73a can protect the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60. In other words, the resin plate 73a can prevent damage and deterioration of the picture.

[0165] As shown in Figures 13A and 13B, the printed matter combination 10 may include a display device 75. The display device 75 includes a display frame 75a and a resin plate 75b. The resin plate 75b is attachable to the display frame 75a. The resin plate 75b is detachable from the display frame 75a. The printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 are housed between the display frame 75a and the resin plate 75b. The printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 are sandwiched on both sides in the first direction D1 by the display frame 75a and the resin plate 75b. The resin plate 75b is large enough to cover the entire surfaces of the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60.

[0166] 13A and 13B, the resin plate 75b covers the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60 from both sides in the first direction D1. Therefore, the resin plate 75b can protect the printed matter 20 and the picture object 60. In other words, the resin plate 75b can prevent damage and deterioration of the picture.

[0167] In the example shown in Figures 10A to 13B, the resin plates 72, 73a, and 75b may be transparent. In the printed matter combination 10 shown in Figures 10A to 12B, the printed matter 20 and the patterned object 60 are observed through the resin plates 72, 73a, and 75b located in front of the printed matter 20 and the patterned object 60. The transmission haze of the resin plates 72, 73a, and 75b may be the same as the transmission haze of the transparent substrate 30 described above. The total light transmittance of the resin plates 72, 73a, and 75b may be the same as the total light transmittance of the transparent substrate 30 described above. The material of the resin plates 72 and 73a is not particularly limited. The resin plates 72, 73a, and 75b may contain polyester, acrylic resin, polystyrene, polycarbonate, or glass as a main component.

[0168] 14A and 14B, the printed material combination 10 may include a bag 74. The printed material 20 may be handled while housed in the bag 74. For example, the printed material 20 may be distributed while housed in the bag 74, or may be sold while housed in the bag 74. The bag 74 used during distribution or sale may or may not be transparent. The bag 74 may contain a polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene as a main component.

[0169] As illustrated above in the examples of use, the printed matter 20 using the transparent substrate 30 can be treated as a printed matter combination 10 in which it is combined with a picture object 60 or another printed matter 20. If the transparency of the transparent substrate 30 is low, the picture behind the printed matter 20 in the printed matter combination 10 cannot be observed vividly and clearly, and the aesthetic value of the printed matter combination is reduced.

[0170] The transparent substrate 30 is also required to have good adhesion to the printed layer 50. If the adhesion between the transparent substrate and the printed layer is poor, the printed layer 50 cannot be formed on the transparent substrate 30. The printed matter 20 may be deformed (e.g., curved) when combined with a picture object 60 or another printed matter 20. If the adhesion between the transparent substrate 30 and the printed layer 50 is poor, the printed layer 50 may peel off from the transparent substrate 30. If the printed layer 50 peels off even partially, the aesthetic value of the printed matter 20 will be significantly impaired.

[0171] Furthermore, the printed matter 20 can be viewed in combination with a picture object 60 or another printed matter 20. In this application, the printed matter 20 can be displayed in contact with the picture object 60 or another printed matter 20 using a fixture 71 or the like. The printed matter 20 can also be maintained in contact with resin plates 72, 73a, 75b or a bag 74. If the printed matter 20 is maintained in contact with another printed matter 20, a picture object 60, a resin plate 72, 73a, 75b, or a bag 74 for a long period of time, blocking may occur between these components.

[0172] Blocking is a phenomenon in which a printed matter adheres to another member to which it is in close contact. If the printed matter is forcibly peeled off from the other member when blocking occurs, damage to the printed matter 20 occurs, such as peeling off a part of the printed matter, for example, a part of the adhesive layer or a part of the printing layer, transferring a part of the other member to the printed matter, or scratching the printed matter. If the printed matter 20 is damaged, the commercial value of the printed matter 20 is significantly reduced.

[0173] As described above, high transparency of the transparent substrate 30, adhesion between the transparent substrate 30 and the easy-adhesion layer 40, and prevention of damage due to blocking are required for the printed matter 20. In the present embodiment, as will be described below, efforts are made to simultaneously satisfy these three requirements.

[0174] In this embodiment, the printed matter 20 includes a front surface 21 and a back surface 22. The printed matter 20 includes a transparent substrate 30 and a printed layer 50. The transparent substrate 30 includes a first surface 31 that constitutes the front surface 21 and a second surface 32 that faces the first surface 31. The transparent substrate 30 includes a resin film 35 and an easy-adhesion layer 40 that constitutes the second surface 32. The printed layer 50 is located on a portion of the easy-adhesion layer 40 that constitutes the second surface 32. By having the easy-adhesion layer 40 form the second surface 32 of the transparent substrate 30, the adhesion between the transparent substrate 30 and the printed layer 50 can be improved.

[0175] However, the easy-adhesion layer 40, together with the printed layer 50, constitutes the back surface 22 of the printed matter 20. The easy-adhesion layer 40 has the property of improving adhesion. Therefore, the back surface 22 of the printed matter 20 constituted by the easy-adhesion layer 40 is prone to blocking with another printed matter 20, a picture object 60, etc. Improving adhesion between the printed layer 50 and the transparent substrate 30 and suppressing blocking of the printed matter 20 are usually conflicting goals.

[0176] According to this embodiment, the adhesive layer 40 includes not only a binder component 41 that can contribute to improving adhesion to the printed layer 50, but also particles 42 held by the binder component 41. While the transmission haze of the transparent substrate 30 is set to 3.0% or less, the second surface 32 includes protrusions 43 formed by the particles 42. That is, the protrusions 43 are formed by the particles 42. For example, the particles 42 exposed from the binder component 41 may form the protrusions 43. The binder component 41 may protrude on the particles 42 to form the protrusions 43.

[0177] Since the second surface 32 of the transparent substrate 30 includes the convex portions 43, the back surface 22 formed by the easy-adhesion layer 40 is prevented from coming into surface contact with another printed matter 20 or a picture-patterned object 60. Therefore, the back surface 22 formed by the second surface 32 of the easy-adhesion layer 40 is effectively prevented from blocking with another printed matter 20 or a picture-patterned object 60. Damage to the printed matter 20 due to blocking is prevented.

[0178] On the other hand, the adhesion between the printed layer 50 formed by printing and the transparent substrate 30 is improved by the adhesion layer 40. Furthermore, by thinning the thickness of the binder component 41 of the adhesion layer 40, which is intended to improve adhesion to the printed layer 50, to an extent that convex portions 43 are formed, it is possible to suppress blocking between the adhesion layer 40 of the printed matter 20 and other members adjacent to the printed matter 20, such as another printed matter 20, a picture-patterned object 60, a resin plate, etc.

[0179] Another possible means for suppressing blocking is to cover the adhesion layer and the printed layer with a separate layer such as a coating layer or a dry laminate layer. Alternatively, the printed matter may be subjected to a surface treatment to suppress adhesion, such as a fluorine coating. However, these treatments have a negative effect on the vividness and clarity of the image displayed on the printed matter.

[0180] Furthermore, the formation of convex portions on the second surface may reduce transparency, in other words, the transmissive observation of the image. In this embodiment, the transmission haze of the transparent substrate 30 is maintained at 3.0% or less. By arranging particles 42 near the surface layer portion that forms the second surface 32 of the transparent substrate 30, it is possible to form convex portions 43 due to the particles 42 while maintaining a transmission haze of 3.0% or less. In other words, it is possible to form the convex portions 43 while sufficiently reducing the transmission haze. In other words, the transmission haze is mainly due to the external haze caused by the convex portions 43, and the internal haze is reduced. As a result, it is possible to suppress damage due to blocking while sufficiently suppressing a decrease in transparency.

[0181] In addition, the formation of the convex portions 43 allows a gap to be formed between the back surface 22 of the printed matter 20 and a member adjacent to the printed matter 20. Therefore, even if a minute foreign matter gets mixed in, the foreign matter can be prevented from immediately damaging the back surface 22.

[0182] A printed matter 20 according to this embodiment (for example, the second printed matter 20B shown in Figures 5 and 8) that is used by being stacked on another printed matter 20 so that the front surface 21 contacts the back surface 22 of the other printed matter 20 may have the following feature (A). A printed matter 20 according to this embodiment (for example, the first printed matter 20A shown in Figure 11B and the printed matter 20 shown in Figures 12B and 13B) that is used by being stacked on the resin plates 72, 73a, 75b so that the front surface 21 contacts the resin plates 72, 73a, 75b may have the following feature (A). (A): The easy-adhesion layer 40 is provided on only one surface of the resin film 35 , and the resin film 35 constitutes the first surface 31 .

[0183] As described above, the easy-adhesion layer 40 usually makes blocking more likely to occur. In feature (A), the easy-adhesion layer 40 is formed on only one of the pair of surfaces of the resin film 35. Feature (A) makes it possible to prevent the easy-adhesion layer 40 of one printed matter 20 from coming into contact with the easy-adhesion layer of the other printed matter 20 when two printed matters 20 are superimposed. Therefore, a printed matter 20 having feature (A) can effectively prevent blocking with other printed matters 20.

[0184] Feature (A) makes it possible to prevent the easy-adhesion layer 40 of the printed matter 20 from coming into contact with the resin plates 72, 73a, 75b that are overlaid on the printed matter 20. The resin plates 72, 73a, 75b can come into contact with the resin film 35 that forms the front surface 21, rather than with the easy-adhesion layer 40 that forms the back surface 22. Therefore, with the printed matter 20 having feature (A), it is possible to effectively prevent blocking with the resin plates 72, 73a, 75b.

[0185] As described above, feature (A) makes it possible to prevent the aesthetic value of printed matter 20 from being impaired when it is used by being superimposed on another printed matter 20, with front surface 21 contacting back surface 22 of the other printed matter 20. Feature (A) makes it possible to prevent the aesthetic value of printed matter 20 from being impaired when it is used by being superimposed on resin plates 72, 73a, 75b, with front surface 21 contacting resin plates 72, 73a, 75b.

[0186] A printed matter 20 according to the present embodiment (e.g., the first printed matter 20A shown in FIGS. 5 and 8) that is used by being superimposed on another printed matter 20 such that the back surface 22 contacts the front surface 21 of the other printed matter 20 may have the following feature (B). A printed matter 20 according to the present embodiment (e.g., the second printed matter 20B shown in FIGS. 8 and 11B, and the printed matter 20 shown in FIGS. 12B and 13B) that is used by being superimposed on a picture object 60 including a picture such that the back surface 22 contacts the picture object 60 may have the following feature (B). A printed matter 20 according to the present embodiment (e.g., the printed matter 20 in the case where the picture object 60 is omitted in FIGS. 11B, 12B, and 13B) that is used by being superimposed on a resin plate 72, 73a, or 75a such that the back surface 22 contacts the resin plate 72, 73a, or 75a may have the following feature (B). (B): The printed matter 20 is resistant to a mandrel test using a mandrel with a diameter of 5 mm and a holding time of 30 seconds, repeated twice.

[0187] The mandrel test evaluates the adhesion between the printed layer 50 and the easy-adhesion layer 40. The adhesion between the printed layer 50 and the easy-adhesion layer 40 is evaluated as stronger when they can withstand a mandrel test using a mandrel with a smaller diameter. The printed matter may be able to withstand a mandrel test using a mandrel with a diameter of 2 mm and a holding time of 30 seconds twice.

[0188] The mandrel test is performed as follows.

[0189] First, an evaluation printing layer is formed on the second surface 32, which is composed of the easy-adhesion layer 40 of the transparent substrate 30. The evaluation printing layer is formed by printing cyan, magenta, yellow, black, and white inks. The printing is inkjet printing. Cyan, magenta, yellow, and black all have an ink concentration of 100%. The ink concentration of white is 200%. In other words, white is obtained by forming two layers of 100% ink concentration. The inks for each color are the UV-curable ink "LUS-170" series manufactured by Mimaki Engineering Co., Ltd. UV-curable inks are inks that harden when exposed to ultraviolet light. After printing, the UV-curable inks are fixed by exposure to ultraviolet light.

[0190] An evaluation sample measuring 100 (approximately ±1) mm on the long side and 15 (approximately ±1) mm on the short side is cut out from the printed matter containing the transparent substrate and the evaluation printing layer using a single-edged trimming razor manufactured by Nisshin EM.

[0191] The evaluation sample is manually wound around a mandrel of a specified diameter with the short side parallel to the central axis of the mandrel. The evaluation sample is brought into contact with the outer surface of the mandrel over a central angle of 180 degrees. In other words, the evaluation sample is wound around the mandrel in a U-shape. The evaluation sample is held in this state for 30 seconds.

[0192] After 30 seconds, remove the evaluation sample from the mandrel. After removing the evaluation sample from the mandrel, spread the evaluation sample flat for an appropriate period of 1 to 10 seconds.

[0193] The evaluation sample is then wound around the mandrel in the same manner as before. That is, the evaluation sample is manually wound around the mandrel with the short side parallel to the central axis of the mandrel. The evaluation sample is brought into contact with the outer surface of the mandrel over a central angle of 180 degrees. That is, the evaluation sample is wound around the mandrel in a U-shape. The evaluation sample is held in this state around the mandrel for 30 seconds.

[0194] After that, the evaluation sample is removed from the mandrel and checked for peeling of the evaluation printing layer from the transparent substrate. Three evaluation samples are cut out from one evaluation object, and if no peeling occurs in any of the three evaluation samples after the mandrel test, it is determined that the sample can withstand the mandrel test.

[0195] The test environment for the mandrel test is 23°C ± 2°C and 50% ± 5% relative humidity. The evaluation sample is placed in the test environment for 16 hours before the start of the test.

[0196] Feature (B) improves the adhesion between the printed layer 50 and the transparent substrate 30. Therefore, even when the printed layer 50 of the printed matter 20 comes into contact with another member, or when the printed matter 20 is deformed, such as curved, in order to combine the printed matter 20 with another member, the printed layer 50 can be prevented from peeling off from the transparent substrate 30. A printed matter 20 having feature (B) is suitable for use as a printed matter 20 that is used by being layered on another printed matter 20, with the back surface 22 in contact with the front surface 21 of the other printed matter 20. A printed matter 20 having feature (B) is suitable for use as a printed matter 20 that is used by being layered on a picture-containing object 60, with the back surface 22 in contact with the picture-containing object 60. The printed matter 20 having the characteristic (B) is suitable for use by stacking it on the resin plates 72, 73a, 75a so that the back surface 22 is in contact with the resin plates 72, 73a, 75a (for example, the printed matter 20 in Figures 11B, 12B, and 13B when the picture material 60 is omitted).

[0197] As described above, feature (B) makes it possible to prevent the aesthetic value of printed matter 20 used by overlapping another printed matter 20 from being impaired by bringing the back surface 22 into contact with the front surface 21 of the other printed matter 20. Feature (B) makes it possible to prevent the aesthetic value of printed matter 20 used by overlapping the patterned object 60 including a pattern from being impaired by bringing the back surface 22 into contact with the resin plates 72, 73a, 75a.

[0198] A printed matter 20 according to the present embodiment (e.g., the first printed matter 20A shown in FIGS. 5 and 8) that is used by being superimposed on another printed matter 20 such that the back surface 22 contacts the front surface 21 of the other printed matter 20 may have the following feature (C). A printed matter 20 according to the present embodiment (e.g., the second printed matter 20B shown in FIGS. 8 and 11B, and the printed matter 20 shown in FIGS. 12B and 13B) that is used by being superimposed on a picture object 60 including a picture such that the back surface 22 contacts the picture object 60 may have the following feature (C). A printed matter 20 according to the present embodiment (e.g., the printed matter 20 in the case where the picture object 60 is omitted in FIGS. 11B, 12B, and 13B) that is used by being superimposed on a resin plate 72, 73a, or 75a such that the back surface 22 contacts the resin plate 72, 73a, or 75a may have the following feature (C). (C): The adhesion on the second surface is 2 or less when evaluated by the cross-cut method.

[0199] The cross-cut test evaluates the adhesion between the printed layer and the easy-adhesion layer. Adhesion using the cross-cut test is evaluated on a six-point scale from "0" to "5." The smaller the evaluation number, the higher the adhesion between the printed layer and the easy-adhesion layer. The adhesion on the second surface can be evaluated as 0, or even 1 or less, using the cross-cut test.

[0200] The cross-cut test is carried out as follows: In the cross-cut test, conditions not described below conform to JIS K5600-5-6:1999.

[0201] First, an evaluation printing layer is formed on the second surface 32 formed by the easy-adhesion layer 40 of the transparent substrate 30. The evaluation printing layer is prepared in the same manner as the evaluation printing layer described above as the method for preparing the evaluation sample used in the mandrel test.

[0202] Make 11 cuts along two perpendicular directions with a cut interval of 2 mm. 2100 cross-cut sections are made in an area of ​​approximately 2 mm x 2 mm. Each cross-cut section is approximately 2 mm x 2 mm. The cutting is performed manually. A single blade cutting tool is used for the cutting.

[0203] Next, place adhesive tape on the cross-cut area. Then, rub the tape against the evaluation print layer with your finger to bring the tape into contact with the cross-cut area of ​​the evaluation print layer. Next, as specified in JIS K5600-5-6:1999, grasp the edge of the tape at an angle close to 60° and remove it from the evaluation print layer for 0.5 to 1.0 seconds. The tape used is "Cellotape (registered trademark)" manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd. (24 mm wide, 0.053 mm thick, adhesive strength 4.74 N / 10 mm).

[0204] The cross-cut portions transferred to the tape are then observed to confirm which of the classifications 0 to 5 specified in JIS K5600-5-6:1999 each sample falls into. Three evaluation samples are cut out from one evaluation object, and the largest classification among the test results of the three evaluation samples after the cross-cut test is taken as the classification of that evaluation object.

[0205] The test environment for the cross-cut method is a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 5%. The evaluation sample is placed in the test environment for 16 hours before the start of the test.

[0206] Feature (C) improves the adhesion between the printed layer 50 and the transparent substrate 30. Therefore, even when the printed layer 50 of the printed matter 20 comes into contact with another member or when the printed matter 20 is deformed, such as curved, in order to be combined with another member, the printed layer 50 can be prevented from peeling off from the transparent substrate 30. A printed matter 20 having feature (C) is suitable for use as a printed matter 20 that is used by being layered on another printed matter 20, with the back surface 22 in contact with the front surface 21 of the other printed matter 20. A printed matter 20 having feature (C) is suitable for use as a printed matter 20 that is used by being layered on a picture-containing object 60, with the back surface 22 in contact with the picture-containing object 60. The printed matter 20 having the characteristic (C) is suitable for use by stacking it on the resin plates 72, 73a, 75a so that the back surface 22 is in contact with the resin plates 72, 73a, 75a (for example, the printed matter 20 in Figures 11B, 12B, and 13B when the picture material 60 is omitted).

[0207] As described above, feature (C) makes it possible to prevent the aesthetic value of printed matter 20 used by being overlaid on another printed matter 20 from being impaired by bringing the back surface 22 into contact with the front surface 21 of that other printed matter 20. Feature (C) makes it possible to prevent the aesthetic value of printed matter 20 used by being overlaid on a picture object 60 including a pattern from being impaired by bringing the back surface 22 into contact with the resin plates 72, 73a, 75a.

[0208] A printed matter 20 according to the present embodiment (e.g., the first printed matter 20A shown in FIGS. 5 and 8) that is used by being superimposed on another printed matter 20 such that the back surface 22 contacts the front surface 21 of the other printed matter 20 may have the following feature (D). A printed matter 20 according to the present embodiment (e.g., the second printed matter 20B shown in FIGS. 8 and 11B, and the printed matter 20 shown in FIGS. 12B and 13B) that is used by being superimposed on a picture object 60 including a picture such that the back surface 22 contacts the picture object 60 may have the following feature (D). A printed matter 20 according to the present embodiment (e.g., the printed matter 20 in the case where the picture object 60 is omitted in FIGS. 11B, 12B, and 13B) that is used by being superimposed on a resin plate 72, 73a, or 75a such that the back surface 22 contacts the resin plate 72, 73a, or 75a may have the following feature (D). (D): The average thickness of the binder component 41 is 1.0 μm or less, and the average particle size of the particles 42 is 1.0 μm or less.

[0209] According to feature (D), the convex portions 43 formed by the particles 42 can be stably applied to the second surface 32 of the transparent substrate 30. Since the second surface 32 includes the convex portions 43, the back surface 22 of the printed matter 20 formed by the second surface 32 is effectively prevented from blocking with another printed matter 20, another picture object 60, resin plates 72, 73a, 75a, etc.

[0210] The adhesive layer 40 improves the adhesion between the printed layer 50 formed by printing and the transparent substrate 30. Furthermore, by thinning the thickness of the binder component 41 of the adhesive layer 40, which is intended to improve adhesion to the printed layer 50, to an extent that convex portions 43 are formed, it is possible to suppress blocking between the adhesive layer 40 of the printed matter 20 and other members adjacent to the printed matter 20, such as another printed matter 20, a picture-patterned object 60, a resin plate, etc.

[0211] In particular, according to feature (D), extremely minute protrusions 43 can be provided on the second surface 32. By making the size of the protrusions 43 approximately the wavelength of visible light or less than the wavelength of visible light, scattering of visible light by the protrusions 43 can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, the transmission haze of the transparent substrate 30 can be reduced, and the transparency of the transparent substrate 30 can be improved. On the other hand, even minute protrusions 43 can contribute to suppressing blocking of the easy-adhesion layer 40 with other members.

[0212] As described above, feature (D) makes it possible to prevent the aesthetic value of printed matter 20 used by overlapping another printed matter 20 from being impaired by bringing the back surface 22 into contact with the front surface 21 of the other printed matter 20. Feature (D) makes it possible to prevent the aesthetic value of printed matter 20 used by overlapping the patterned object 60 including a pattern from being impaired by bringing the back surface 22 into contact with the resin plates 72, 73a, 75a.

[0213] The color difference ΔE of the transparent substrate 30 before and after the light resistance test may be 0.25 or less. The color difference ΔE is calculated by the following formula. ΔE=((ΔL * ) 2 +(Δa * ) 2 +(Δb * ) 2 ) 1 / 2 "ΔL" in the formula * " is the difference between the L * a * b * L in color space * The difference between the values ​​is * " is the difference between the L * a * b * a in color space * The difference between the values ​​is "Δb * " is the difference between the L * a * b * b in color space *It is the difference in value.

[0214] A transparent substrate 30 with a color difference ΔE of 0.25 or less before and after a lightfastness test has excellent weather resistance. Therefore, the transparent substrate 30 can vividly display images in appropriate colors for a long period of time. Users can enjoy viewing printed materials for a long period of time. The color difference ΔE can be reduced, for example, by incorporating weather-resistant agents such as ultraviolet absorbers and light stabilizers into the transparent substrate 30 or by using a highly weather-resistant material for the transparent substrate 30.

[0215] The light resistance test is carried out under the following conditions.

[0216] First, an evaluation printing layer is formed on the second surface 32 formed by the easy-adhesion layer 40 of the transparent substrate 30. The evaluation printing layer is prepared in the same manner as the evaluation printing layer described above as the method for preparing the evaluation sample used in the mandrel test and cross-cut method test.

[0217] When evaluating the color difference of the transparent substrate 30 included in the printed matter 20, an evaluation print layer is formed on the back surface of the printed matter 20. In this example, the L * value, a * value and b * The incident area on the first surface 31 when measuring the value is an area on the printed matter 20 where the printed layer 50 is not formed.

[0218] In the light resistance test, the evaluation sample is placed in a test chamber set under the following conditions for 30 hours. ·Temperature: 36℃ ·Humidity 50%RH Black panel temperature 53℃ ·Irradiation conditions: 100,000lux / hour Exam duration: 30 hours

[0219] L * value, a * value, and b * The value is measured under the following conditions and method.

[0220] L for transparent substrate 30* a * b * In the color space. * value, a * value, and b * Values ​​are CIE 1976 L * a * b * It is defined in the color space L * value, a * value and b * The value is measured by a spectrophotometer. * value, a * value and b * The values ​​are measured using reflected light with the first surface 31 of the transparent substrate 30 as the incident surface. A piece of white wood-free paper is placed behind the evaluation sample. In other words, the white wood-free paper is brought into contact with the second surface 32 of the transparent substrate 30 to be evaluated.

[0221] Using a 2° field of view, the reflectance is measured in 10 nm intervals in the range of 400 nm to 700 nm. * a * b * L in color space * value, a * value and b * Measure the value. * value, a * value and b * The values ​​are measured using a D65 light source.

[0222] L * value, a * value and b * Before measuring the value, turn on the light source of the measuring device for 15 minutes to stabilize the light source output. * value, a * value and b * The test environment for measuring the values ​​is 23°C ± 2°C, and the relative humidity is 50% ± 5%. The evaluation sample is placed in the test environment for 16 hours before the start of the test.

[0223] L * value, a * value, and b *The L value is measured for each of three evaluation samples before the light resistance test. The arithmetic mean value of the three measurements is calculated as the L value for the evaluation sample before the light resistance test. * value, a * value, and b * value.

[0224] L * value, a * value, and b * The L value is measured for each of three evaluation samples after the light fastness test. The arithmetic mean value of the three measurements is calculated as the L value for the evaluation sample after the light fastness test. * value, a * value, and b * value.

[0225] L before and after light resistance test * value, a * value, and b * From the value, the color difference for the evaluation object is determined.

[0226] In the present embodiment described above, the printed matter 20 includes a front surface 21 and a back surface 22. The printed matter 20 includes a transparent substrate 30 and a printed layer 50. The transparent substrate 30 includes a first surface 31 that constitutes the front surface 21 and a second surface 32 that faces the first surface 31. The transparent substrate 30 includes a resin film 35 and an easy-adhesion layer 40 that constitutes the second surface 32. The printed layer 50 is located on a portion of the second surface 32 and, together with a portion of the easy-adhesion layer 40, constitutes the back surface 22. The easy-adhesion layer 40 includes a binder component 41 and particles 42 held by the binder component 41. The second surface 32 includes protrusions 43 formed by the particles 42. The transparent substrate 30 has a transmission haze of 3.0% or less.

[0227] According to this embodiment, by providing the adhesive layer 40 on a transparent substrate with a sufficiently low transmission haze, high transparency can be achieved while ensuring adhesion between the transparent substrate 30 and the printed layer 50. The second surface 32 formed by the adhesive layer 40 includes protrusions 43 formed by particles 42. The protrusions 43 of the second surface 32 formed by the adhesive layer 40 suppress blocking with members adjacent to the printed matter 20. The protrusions 43 of the second surface 32 formed by the adhesive layer 40 suppress scratches caused by foreign matter, etc. The adhesive layer 40 and the protrusions 43 can cause deterioration of transparency, but the low transmission haze of the transparent substrate can absorb the effects of deterioration of transparency of the printed matter 20. As a result, the printed matter 20 according to this embodiment can simultaneously achieve high transparency of the transparent substrate 30, adhesion between the transparent substrate 30 and the adhesive layer 40, and suppression of damage due to blocking. The printed matter 20 can display images with high aesthetic value, and is therefore suitable for displaying images related to animation that are popular with enthusiastic fans, enthusiasts, and enthusiasts.

[0228] The printed matter 20 according to this embodiment may have one or more of the following configurations (A) to (D).

[0229] (A): The easy-adhesion layer 40 is provided on only one surface of the resin film 35 , and the resin film 35 constitutes the first surface 31 .

[0230] (B): The printed matter 20 is resistant to a mandrel test using a mandrel with a diameter of 5 mm and a holding time of 30 seconds, repeated twice.

[0231] (C): The adhesion on the second surface is 2 or less when evaluated by the cross-cut method.

[0232] (D): The average thickness of the binder component 41 is 1.0 μm or less, and the average particle size of the particles 42 is 1.0 μm or less.

[0233] Feature (A) makes it possible to prevent the aesthetic value of printed matter 20 from being impaired when it is used in a state where it is superimposed on another printed matter 20 by having its front surface 21 come into contact with the back surface 22 of that other printed matter 20. Feature (A) makes it possible to prevent the aesthetic value of printed matter 20 from being impaired when it is used in a state where it is superimposed on the resin plates 72, 73a, 75b by having its front surface 21 come into contact with the resin plates 72, 73a, 75b.

[0234] According to feature (B), it is possible to prevent the aesthetic value of the printed matter 20 used in overlapping with another printed matter 20 from being impaired by bringing the back surface 22 into contact with the front surface 21 of the other printed matter 20. According to feature (B), it is possible to prevent the aesthetic value of the printed matter 20 used in overlapping with the patterned object 60, which includes a pattern, from being impaired by bringing the back surface 22 into contact with the resin plates 72, 73a, 75a.

[0235] Feature (C) makes it possible to prevent the aesthetic value of the printed matter 20 used in overlapping relation with another printed matter 20 from being impaired by bringing the back surface 22 into contact with the front surface 21 of the other printed matter 20. Feature (C) makes it possible to prevent the aesthetic value of the printed matter 20 used in overlapping relation with the patterned object 60, which includes a pattern, from being impaired by bringing the back surface 22 into contact with the resin plates 72, 73a, 75a.

[0236] According to feature (D), it is possible to prevent the aesthetic value of the printed matter 20 used by being overlaid on another printed matter 20 from being impaired by bringing the back surface 22 into contact with the front surface 21 of the other printed matter 20. According to feature (D), it is possible to prevent the aesthetic value of the printed matter 20 used by being overlaid on the patterned object 60 by bringing the back surface 22 into contact with the patterned object 60. According to feature (D), it is possible to prevent the aesthetic value of the printed matter 20 used by being overlaid on the resin plates 72, 73a, 75a from being impaired by bringing the back surface 22 into contact with the resin plates 72, 73a, 75a.

[0237] Although the present embodiment has been described with reference to specific examples, the above-described specific examples do not limit the present embodiment. The above-described embodiment can be implemented with various other specific examples, and various omissions, substitutions, changes, additions, etc. can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. [Example]

[0238] The present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present disclosure is not limited to the following examples.

[0239] <<<1. Creating printed materials>>> Transparent substrates according to Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were produced.

[0240] <<Example 1>> The commercially available transparent substrate according to Example 1 included a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer. The resin film constituted a first surface of the transparent substrate. The easy-adhesion layer was formed on one surface of the resin film and was in contact with the resin film. The easy-adhesion layer constituted a second surface of the transparent substrate.

[0241] In the transparent substrate according to Example 1, the resin film was made of polyethylene terephthalate and had a thickness of 100 μm.

[0242] In the transparent substrate according to Example 1, the easy-adhesion layer contained a binder component and silica particles. The second surface of the transparent substrate contained protrusions formed by the particles. The binder component was a resin. The average particle diameter of the silica particles was 20 nm or more and 70 nm or less. The average particle diameter was measured multiple times. The thickness of the easy-adhesion layer was 20 nm or more and 30 nm or less.

[0243] <<Example 2>> The commercially available transparent substrate according to Example 2 included a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer. The resin film constituted a first surface of the transparent substrate. The easy-adhesion layer was formed on one surface of the resin film and was in contact with the resin film. The easy-adhesion layer constituted a second surface of the transparent substrate.

[0244] In the transparent substrate according to Example 2, the resin film was made of polyethylene terephthalate and had a thickness of 100 μm.

[0245] In the transparent substrate according to Example 2, the easy-adhesion layer contained a binder component and silica particles. The second surface of the transparent substrate contained protrusions formed by the particles. The binder component was a resin. The average particle diameter of the silica particles was 100 nm or more and 400 nm or less. The average particle diameter was measured multiple times. The thickness of the easy-adhesion layer was 70 nm or more and 80 nm or less.

[0246] <<Comparative Example 1>> The commercially available transparent substrate according to Comparative Example 1 included a first easy-adhesion layer, a resin film, and a resin layer in this order. The first easy-adhesion layer, the resin film, and the resin layer were positioned in this order from the first surface to the second surface in the first direction. The first easy-adhesion layer was formed on the other surface of the resin film and was in contact with the resin film. The first easy-adhesion layer constituted the first surface of the transparent substrate. The resin layer was formed on one surface of the resin film and was in contact with the resin film.

[0247] In the transparent substrate according to Comparative Example 1, the resin film was made of polyethylene terephthalate and had a thickness of 125 μm.

[0248] In the transparent substrate according to Comparative Example 1, the first adhesion layer contained a binder component. The binder component was a resin. The first adhesion layer did not contain particles. The first surface formed by the first adhesion layer did not contain any convex portions. The average thickness of the first adhesion layer was 40 μm.

[0249] In the transparent substrate according to Comparative Example 1, the resin layer contained a binder component and silica particles. The binder component was a resin. The average particle diameter of the silica particles was approximately 60 nm. The thickness of the easy-adhesion layer was approximately 86 nm.

[0250] <<Comparative Example 2>> The commercially available transparent substrate according to Comparative Example 2 included a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer. The resin film constituted a first surface of the transparent substrate. The easy-adhesion layer was formed on one surface of the resin film and was in contact with the resin film. The easy-adhesion layer constituted a second surface of the transparent substrate.

[0251] In the transparent substrate according to Comparative Example 2, the resin film was made of polyethylene terephthalate and had a thickness of 100 μm.

[0252] The easy-adhesion layer contained a binder component. The binder component was a resin. The easy-adhesion layer did not contain particles. The second surface formed by the easy-adhesion layer did not contain any convex portions. The average thickness of the easy-adhesion layer was 25 μm.

[0253] <<Comparative Example 3>> The transparent substrate in Comparative Example 3 was E5100 available from Toyobo Co., Ltd. The transparent substrate in Comparative Example 3 was a resin film having one surface subjected to a corona treatment. The resin film was made of polyethylene terephthalate. The thickness of the resin film was 100 μm.

[0254] <<Comparative Example 4>> The transparent substrate in Comparative Example 4 was E5101 available from Toyobo Co., Ltd. The transparent substrate in Comparative Example 4 was a resin film having one surface subjected to a corona treatment. The resin film was made of polyethylene terephthalate. The thickness of the resin film was 100 μm.

[0255] <<Comparative Example 5>> The transparent substrate in Comparative Example 5 was T60 available from Toray Industries, Inc. The transparent substrate in Comparative Example 5 was a resin film that had not been subjected to a surface treatment. The resin film was made of polyethylene terephthalate. The thickness of the resin film was 150 μm.

[0256] <<Comparative Example 6>> The transparent substrate in Comparative Example 6 was T60 available from Toray Industries, Inc. The transparent substrate in Comparative Example 6 was a resin film that had not been subjected to a surface treatment. The resin film was made of polyethylene terephthalate. The thickness of the resin film was 100 μm.

[0257] <<<2. Measurement and Evaluation>>> Measurements, tests, and evaluations of the printed matter of the examples and comparative examples were carried out as described below. Unless otherwise specified, the environment during measurements, tests, and evaluations was a temperature of 23°C ± 2°C and a relative humidity of 50% ± 5%. Prior to the start of measurements, tests, and evaluations, the evaluation samples were left in the above-mentioned environment for 16 hours. The evaluation samples were visually inspected for the absence of any abnormalities, such as dust or scratches.

[0258] <<2-1. Total light transmittance>> Evaluation samples measuring 5-6 cm x 5-6 cm were cut out from the transparent substrates according to the examples and comparative examples. The total light transmittance (%) of the transparent substrates according to each example was measured using the method described above. A haze meter "HM-150" manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory was used to measure the total light transmittance. The sample was placed so as to cover the entire area of ​​the 20φ measurement window of the measurement device. The measurement results of the total light transmittance are shown in the "Total Light Transmittance" column of Table 1.

[0259] <<2-2.Transmission Haze>> Evaluation samples measuring 5-6 cm x 5-6 cm were cut out from the transparent substrates according to the examples and comparative examples. The transmission haze (%) of the transparent substrates according to each example was measured using the method described above. A haze meter "HM-150" manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory was used to measure the transmission haze. The sample was placed so as to cover the entire area of ​​the 20φ measurement window of the measurement device. The measurement results of transmission haze are shown in the "Transmission Haze" column of Table 1.

[0260] <<2-3. Mandrel Test>> A mandrel test was carried out using the method described above.

[0261] First, an evaluation print layer was formed on the second surface of the transparent substrate according to the examples and comparative examples to obtain printed matter according to each example. The evaluation print layer was produced by the method described above. An evaluation sample measuring 100 mm x 15 mm was cut out from the printed matter according to each example. A single-edged trimming razor manufactured by Nissin EM Co., Ltd. was used to cut out the evaluation sample.

[0262] The mandrel test was carried out on the evaluation samples according to each example using the method described above. For the mandrel test, a cylindrical mandrel set / stand "Model 1500" manufactured by Elcometer was used. Mandrels with diameters of 5 mm and 2 mm were used for the mandrel test.

[0263] The mandrel test results for each example of printed matter were evaluated using the method described above. The evaluation results are shown in the "Mandrel" column of Table 1. Examples that were resistant to the mandrel test are marked with an "A" in the "Mandrel" column. Examples that were not resistant to the mandrel test are marked with a "B" in the "Mandrel" column. Note that the results using a mandrel with a diameter of 5 mm and the results using a mandrel with a diameter of 2 mm were evaluated to be the same.

[0264] <<2-4. Cross-cut test>> A test was carried out by the cross-cut method as described above.

[0265] First, a printed layer for evaluation was formed on the second surface of each of the transparent substrates according to the examples and comparative examples, thereby obtaining printed matter according to each example. The printed layer for evaluation was produced by the method described above.

[0266] Next, using the method described above, 400 mm of the evaluation printing layer was 2 100 cross-cut portions were formed in the area. As a single blade cutting tool, a universal M-type (blade thickness: 0.45 mm) manufactured by OLFA was used.

[0267] Thereafter, tape was applied to the cross-cut portion using the method described above, and then the tape was peeled off from the cross-cut portion. The tape used was "Cellotape" manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd. (24 mm wide, 0.053 mm thick, adhesive strength 4.74 N / 10 mm).

[0268] Next, the test results of the printed matter of each example were evaluated using the cross-cut method using the method described above. The evaluation results of transmission haze are shown in the "Cross-cut" column of Table 1. The "Cross-cut" column indicates the classification specified in JIS K5600-5-6:1999 to which each example falls.

[0269] <<2-5. Arithmetic mean roughness Sa>> Evaluation samples were cut out from the transparent substrates according to the examples and comparative examples. The size of the evaluation samples was determined so that smoothness could be maintained. Specifically, the sample size was within 2 cm x 5 cm. The arithmetic mean roughness Sa (μm) of the first surface of the transparent substrate according to each example was measured using the method described above. The arithmetic mean roughness Sa (μm) of the second surface of the transparent substrate according to each example was measured. The arithmetic mean roughness Sa (μm) was measured using a white light interference type layer cross section measuring device "Vert Scan R5500GML-A150-AC" manufactured by Ryoka Systems Co., Ltd. Other measurement conditions were as follows. Data analysis was performed using the software vertscan2.0. A Sony XC-XC-HR50 1 / 3 inch CCD camera was used. Single-field measurement Objective lens: x10 (field of view: 469.71 x 352.28 um) Tube lens: 1x Zoom Lens: No Relay Wavelength selection filter: 530 white Measurement mode: Wave mode Field of view size: 640 x 480 pixels Polarizing filter: None Interpolation: None

[0270] The measured value of the arithmetic mean roughness Sa (μm) of the first surface is shown as "First surface roughness Sa" in Table 1. The measured value of the arithmetic mean roughness Sa (μm) of the second surface is shown as "Second surface roughness Sa" in Table 1.

[0271] <<2-6. Color difference before and after light fastness test>> The color difference before and after the light resistance test was measured by the method described above.

[0272] First, an evaluation print layer was formed on the second surface of the transparent substrate according to the examples and comparative examples to obtain an evaluation sample according to each example. The evaluation print layer was prepared in the same manner as when preparing the evaluation samples for the mandrel test and the cross-cut method test. Before the lightfastness test, the evaluation sample according to each example was subjected to L * value, a * value, and b * The values ​​were measured.

[0273] Next, a light resistance test was carried out on the evaluation samples according to the above-mentioned method. For the light resistance test, a "flat tray type xenon light resistance tester (Xe=3)" manufactured by Q-LAB was used. After the light resistance test, the evaluation samples according to the examples were subjected to the L * value, a * value, and b * The values ​​were measured.

[0274] L before and after light resistance test * value, a * value, and b * The method for measuring the value is as described above. * value, a * value, and b *The values ​​were measured using a spectrophotometer "CM-700d" manufactured by Konica Minolta Sensing Co., Ltd. The high-quality paper placed behind the evaluation sample was "PPC paper High White" manufactured by Otsuka Shokai.

[0275] L before and after light resistance test * value, a * value, and b * The color difference ΔE was calculated from the measured values. The color difference ΔE values ​​are shown in the "Color difference" column of Table 1.

[0276] <<2-7. Transparency of transparent substrates>> Using the transparent substrates according to Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6, the transparency of the printed layer was evaluated.

[0277] A total of four samples measuring 5-6 cm x 5-6 cm were cut from the transparent substrate of each example to be evaluated. For each example, the four samples were stacked in the same orientation to prepare an evaluation sample. A lit fluorescent lamp was observed through the evaluation sample. The fluorescent lamp was installed 4 m above the floor. The evaluator's line of sight was approximately 160 cm above the floor. The evaluator observed the fluorescent lamp approximately 45° above the horizontal. The evaluation sample was positioned approximately 30 cm from the evaluator's eyes, close to the fluorescent lamp. The evaluation sample was positioned so that the first side faced the evaluator and the second side faced the fluorescent lamp. The evaluators were 20 healthy individuals in their 30s with visual acuity of 0.7 or higher.

[0278] The observation results were evaluated according to the following criteria. The evaluation results are shown in the "Transparency" column of Table 1.

[0279] A: 15 or more evaluators were able to clearly identify the outline of the fluorescent light. B: 5 to 14 evaluators were able to clearly identify the outline of the fluorescent light. C: Four or fewer evaluators were able to clearly identify the outline of the fluorescent light.

[0280] <<2-8. Adhesion of the printing layer>> Using the transparent substrates according to Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6, the adhesion of the printed layer was evaluated.

[0281] A printed layer for evaluation was formed on the second surface of the transparent substrate for each example, thereby obtaining a printed material for each example. The printed layer for evaluation was prepared in the same manner as when preparing the evaluation samples used in the mandrel test and cross-cut test. Evaluation samples measuring 15 mm on the short side and 40 mm on the long side were cut out from the obtained printed material. An OLFA universal M-thick cutter (blade thickness: 0.45 mm) was used to cut out the evaluation samples.

[0282] As shown in FIG. 15, the evaluation sample 20S was folded so that the evaluation printed layer 53 was on the inside. The folding axis passed through the center of the long side and was along the short side. The folded evaluation sample 20S was placed between two acrylic plates 81 and 82. A 500 g weight 83 was placed on the upper acrylic plate 81. The lower acrylic plate 82 was placed on a surface plate. That is, as shown in FIG. 15, the acrylic plate 82, the folded evaluation sample 20S, the acrylic plate 81, and the weight 83 were placed in this order from the surface plate upward.

[0283] The upper acrylic plate 81 was pressed toward the lower acrylic plate 82 by the weight 83. The weight 83 was placed on the acrylic plate 81 for one minute. After one minute had passed, the weight 83 was removed from the acrylic plate 81.

[0284] After removing the weight 83, the evaluation sample was spread out and the peeling of the evaluation printing layer from the transparent substrate was examined. When evaluating whether or not the evaluation printing layer had peeled from the transparent substrate, the printed matter was observed from the front side. When evaluating whether or not the evaluation printing layer had peeled from the transparent substrate, the printed matter was also observed from the back side. Figure 16 shows a photograph of the evaluation sample of Example 1 observed from the front side. Figure 17 shows a photograph of the evaluation sample of Example 1 observed from the back side. Figure 18 shows a photograph of the evaluation sample of Comparative Example 6 observed from the front side. Figure 19 shows a photograph of the evaluation sample of Comparative Example 6 observed from the back side.

[0285] The evaluation results are shown in the "Adhesion of Printed Layer" column in Table 1. Examples in which peeling of the evaluation printed layer did not occur are indicated with an "A" in the "Adhesion of Printed Layer" column. Examples in which peeling of the evaluation printed layer occurred are indicated with a "B" in the "Adhesion of Printed Layer" column. For each example, adhesion tests were performed on three evaluation samples. If peeling of the evaluation printed layer occurred in even one of the three evaluation samples prepared for each example, it was evaluated as "peeling occurred." If peeling of the evaluation printed layer did not occur in all three evaluation samples prepared for each example, it was evaluated as "no peeling occurred."

[0286] The test environment was set to a temperature of 18°C ​​to 19°C and a relative humidity of 50% to 55%. Before the test began, the evaluation sample was placed in the above-mentioned test environment for 16 hours.

[0287] <<2-9. Blocking on the back surface formed by an easy-adhesion layer>> Using the transparent substrates according to the examples and comparative examples, blocking on the back surface where the easy-adhesion layer is formed was evaluated.

[0288] First, three evaluation transparent substrates 30S were cut out from the transparent substrate according to each example. The evaluation transparent substrates 30S were rectangular with chamfered corners. The length of the long side of the rectangular shape was 85.5 mm. The length of the short side of the rectangular shape was 54.0 mm. The size of the evaluation transparent substrates 30S was a so-called card size.

[0289] Next, an evaluation pattern section 60S was prepared. The evaluation pattern section 60S was produced by forming an evaluation pattern layer 61S on matte coated paper 62. The evaluation pattern layer 61S was produced by offset printing UV-curable ink and fixing the printed UV-curable ink by ultraviolet irradiation. As shown in FIG. 20, the evaluation pattern section 60S included first to ninth regions A1 to A9.

[0290] In the first area A1, black, cyan, magenta, and yellow inks were printed in that order. The cyan ink density was 100%. The magenta, yellow, and black ink densities were 83%.

[0291] In the second area A2, black, cyan, magenta, and yellow inks were printed in that order. The magenta ink density was 100%. The cyan, yellow, and black ink densities were 83%.

[0292] In the third area A3, black, cyan, magenta, and yellow inks were printed in that order. The ink density of yellow was 100%. The ink density of cyan, magenta, and black was 83%.

[0293] In the fourth area A4, black, cyan, magenta, and yellow inks were printed in that order. The black ink density was 100%. The cyan, magenta, and yellow ink densities were 83%.

[0294] In the fifth area A5, only cyan was printed with 100% ink density. In the sixth area A6, only magenta was printed with 100% ink density. In the seventh area A7, only yellow was printed with 100% ink density. In the eighth area A8, only black was printed with 100% ink density. No printing was performed in the ninth area A9. Therefore, the matte coated paper 62 was exposed in the ninth area A9 of the evaluation pattern portion 60S.

[0295] The inks used to prepare the evaluation pattern layer 61S were DC R2 DP Black S, DC R2 DP Indigo S, DC RTX2 Red N, and DC R2 DP Yellow L, all manufactured by DICG Corporation.

[0296] As shown in Fig. 21, an acrylic plate 92, an evaluation pattern portion 60S, an evaluation transparent substrate 30S, an evaluation transparent substrate 30S, an acrylic plate 91, and a weight 93 were stacked from bottom to top in this order and placed in a constant temperature chamber. The environment inside the constant temperature chamber was set to a temperature of 60°C and a relative humidity of 90%. The leaving time was 300 hours.

[0297] The acrylic plate 91 had a thickness of 3 mm. The acrylic plate 91 had the same shape in plan view as the evaluation pattern portion 60S and the evaluation transparent substrate 30S. The acrylic plate 92 had a thickness of 3 mm. The acrylic plate 92 had the same shape in plan view as the evaluation pattern portion 60S and the evaluation transparent substrate 30S. All three evaluation transparent substrates 30S were positioned with the easy-adhesion layer 40 facing downward and the resin film 35 facing upward. The evaluation pattern portion 60S was positioned with the evaluation pattern layer 61S facing upward and the matte coated paper 62 facing downward. The weight 93 was 500 g. A load of 500 g corresponds to the weight of approximately 10 books.

[0298] After 300 hours of standing, the three evaluation transparent substrates 30S and the evaluation picture portions 60S were removed from the constant temperature chamber. The presence or absence of blocking between the acrylic plate 91 and the evaluation transparent substrates 30S was investigated. The presence or absence of blocking between two adjacent evaluation transparent substrates 30S was investigated. The presence or absence of blocking between the evaluation transparent substrates 30S and the evaluation picture portions 60S was investigated.

[0299] The evaluation results of blocking between the acrylic plate 91 and the evaluation transparent substrate 30S are shown in "Blocking P1" in Table 1. The evaluation results of blocking between two adjacent evaluation transparent substrates 30S are shown in "Blocking P2" in Table 1. The evaluation results of blocking between the evaluation transparent substrate 30S and the evaluation pattern portion 60S are shown in "Blocking P3" in Table 1.

[0300] If no blocking occurred, "Blocking P1," "Blocking P2," and "Blocking P3" are marked with "A." If blocking occurred, "Blocking P1," "Blocking P2," and "Blocking P3" are marked with "B."

[0301] For "Blocking P2," if blocking occurred on either of the two contact surfaces, it was rated as "B." For "Blocking P2," if blocking did not occur on either of the two contact surfaces, it was rated as "A."

[0302] <<2-10. Blocking of printed materials>> Evaluation prints were prepared using the transparent substrates according to the Examples and Comparative Examples, and blocking on the back surface of the evaluation print layer of the evaluation prints was evaluated.

[0303] First, three evaluation transparent substrates 30S were prepared for each example using the method described in <<2-9. Blocking on the back surface formed by the easy-adhesion layer>>. An evaluation printed layer was formed on the easy-adhesion layer 40 of the evaluation transparent substrate 30S, and an evaluation printed matter including the evaluation transparent substrate 30S and the evaluation printed layer was obtained. The evaluation printed layer was produced by inkjet printing a UV-curable ink onto the evaluation transparent substrate and fixing the UV-curable ink by ultraviolet irradiation during printing. For each example, a first evaluation printed matter, a second evaluation printed matter, and a third evaluation printed matter were produced. The first evaluation printed matter, the second evaluation printed matter, and the third evaluation printed matter differed from each other in the pattern of the evaluation printed layer.

[0304] In the first evaluation printed matter 20SA, cyan, magenta, yellow, and black inks were printed on the second surface of the evaluation transparent substrate 30S. The cyan, magenta, yellow, and black inks were printed in the areas shown in Figure 22. The ink concentration of each of the cyan, magenta, yellow, and black colors was 100%.

[0305] Next, white ink was printed in the filled-in areas in Figure 23. The thin lines shown in Figure 23 were also printed using white ink. The line width of the thin lines was 0.15 mm. The white ink concentration was 200%. Specifically, white was printed once at an ink concentration of 200%. In this way, the evaluation printed layer 50SA of the first evaluation printed matter 20SA was produced.

[0306] For the second evaluation printed matter 20SB, cyan, magenta, yellow, and black inks were printed in that order over the entire second surface of the evaluation transparent substrate 30S. The cyan, magenta, yellow, and black inks were all printed at 100% ink concentration. Next, white ink was printed over the entire second surface of the evaluation transparent substrate 30S. The white ink concentration was 200%. Specifically, white was printed once at 200% ink concentration. In this way, the evaluation printed layer 50SB of the second evaluation printed matter 20SB was prepared.

[0307] For the third evaluation print 20SC, cyan, magenta, yellow, and black inks were printed in that order on the second surface of the evaluation transparent substrate 30S. The cyan, magenta, yellow, and black inks were printed in the areas shown in Figure 24. The ink concentration of each of the cyan, magenta, yellow, and black colors was 100%.

[0308] Next, white ink was printed in the filled-in area in Figure 25. The thin lines shown in Figure 25 were also printed using white ink. The white ink concentration was 200%. Specifically, white was printed once at an ink concentration of 200%. In this way, the evaluation printed layer 50SC of the third evaluation printed matter 20SC was produced.

[0309] The inks used to prepare the evaluation print layer 50S were the UV-curable inks "LUS-170" series manufactured by Mimaki Engineering Co., Ltd.

[0310] As a result of the above, a first evaluation print 20SA, a second evaluation print 20SB, and a third evaluation print 20SC were obtained for each example.

[0311] As shown in Figure 26, an acrylic plate 92, an evaluation pattern portion 60S, a first evaluation printed matter 20SA, a second evaluation printed matter 20SB, a third evaluation printed matter 20SC, an acrylic plate 91, and a weight 93 were stacked from bottom to top and placed in a constant temperature chamber. The environment inside the constant temperature chamber was set to a temperature of 60°C and a relative humidity of 90%. The leaving time was 300 hours.

[0312] The acrylic plate 91, the acrylic plate 92, the weight 93, and the evaluation pattern portion 60S were the same as those used in <<2-9. Blocking on the back surface formed by the easy-adhesion layer>>. The three evaluation printed materials 20SA, 20SB, and 20SC were all positioned so that the evaluation print layer faced downward and the evaluation transparent substrate 30S faced upward. The evaluation pattern portion 60S was positioned so that the evaluation pattern layer 61S faced upward and the matte coated paper 62 faced downward.

[0313] In the first evaluation printed matter 20SA and the third evaluation printed matter 20SC, a portion of the back surface was made up of an easy-adhesion layer. However, because the evaluation printed layer 50S was thick, the easy-adhesion layer did not come into strong contact with adjacent members in the constant temperature and humidity chamber.

[0314] After 300 hours of storage, the three evaluation prints 20SA, 20SB, and 20SC and the evaluation picture section 60S were removed from the constant temperature chamber. The presence or absence of blocking between the acrylic plate 91 and the first evaluation print 20SA was investigated. The presence or absence of blocking between two adjacent evaluation prints 20S was investigated. The presence or absence of blocking between the third evaluation print 20SC and the evaluation picture section 60S was investigated.

[0315] The evaluation results for blocking between the acrylic plate 91 and the first evaluation printed matter 20SA are shown in "Blocking P4" in Table 1. The evaluation results for blocking between two adjacent evaluation printed matters 20S are shown in "Blocking P5" in Table 1. The evaluation results for blocking between the third evaluation printed matter 20SC and the evaluation picture portion 60S are shown in "Blocking P6" in Table 1.

[0316] If no blocking occurred, "Blocking P4," "Blocking P5," and "Blocking P6" were marked with an "A." If blocking occurred, "Blocking P4," "Blocking P5," and "Blocking P6" were marked with a "B."

[0317] For "Blocking P5," if blocking occurred on either of the two contact surfaces, it was rated as "B." For "Blocking P5," if blocking did not occur on either of the two contact surfaces, it was rated as "A."

[0318] <<2-11. Thickness of binder component and average particle size>> The thickness of the binder component and the average particle size of the particles were measured by the methods described above.

[0319] First, a section sample of the transparent substrate was prepared using the method described above. When preparing the section sample, a silicon embedding plate manufactured by Dosaka EM was used. The microtome used to prepare the sections was an "Ultramicrotome EM UC7" manufactured by Leica Microsystems. The cutting conditions using the diamond knife were "SPEED: 1.40 mm / s" and "FEED: 80 nm." A collodion film-attached mesh manufactured by Nissin EM, "Cat No. 651," was used as the mesh for collecting the section sample.

[0320] As described above, observation images of each section were obtained using a scanning transmission electron microscope. The scanning transmission electron microscope used was a Hitachi High-Tech SU-9000. The imaging mode was BFSTEM. The accelerating voltage was 30 kV. Images were taken at an emission current of 20 μA. The image data size was 1280 × 960 pixels. The measurement magnifications were 5,000x, 10,000x, 50,000x, 75,000x, and 100,000x.

[0321] 2A is a photograph showing an observed image of the section for Example 1. FIG. 2B is a photograph showing an observed image of the section for Example 2.

[0322] Using the method described above, the thickness (μm) of the binder component and the average particle size (μm) of the particles were measured from the cross-sectional observation image for each example. The measurement results for the thickness (μm) of the binder component are shown in the "Thickness" column of Table 1. The measurement results for the average particle size (μm) of the particles are shown in the "Average particle size" column of Table 1.

[0323] [Table 1] [Explanation of symbols]

[0324] D1: first direction, D2: second direction, D3: third direction, 10: printed matter combination, 20: printed matter, 20A: first printed matter, 20B: second printed matter, 20S: evaluation printed matter, 20SA: first evaluation printed matter, 20SB: second evaluation printed matter, 20SC: third evaluation printed matter, 21: front surface, 22: back surface, 24: hole, 30: transparent substrate, 30S: evaluation transparent substrate, 31: first surface, 32: second surface, 35: resin film, 40: easy-adhesion layer, 41: binder component, 42 : Particles, 43: Convex portion, 50: Printed layer, 50S: Evaluation printed layer, 50SA: First evaluation printed layer, 50SB: Second evaluation printed layer, 50SC: Third evaluation printed layer, 51: Picture printed layer, 51a: Edge, 52: Base printed layer, 52a: Edge, 53: Evaluation printed layer, 55: Resin plate, 60: Picture object, 71: Fixing device, 72: Resin plate, 73: Case, 73a: Resin plate, 74: Bag, 74a: Resin film, 75: Display device, 75a: Display frame, 75b: Resin plate

Claims

1. A printed matter having a front surface and a back surface, A transparent substrate and a printing layer are included. the transparent substrate includes a first surface constituting the surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the transparent substrate includes a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer, the easy-adhesion layer is provided on only one surface of the resin film and constitutes the second surface; the resin film constitutes the first surface, the printing layer is located on a portion of the second surface and constitutes the back surface together with a portion of the easy-adhesion layer; the easy-adhesion layer includes a binder component and particles held by the binder component, the second surface includes protrusions formed by the particles, The transparent substrate has a transmission haze of 3.0% or less, A printed matter that is used by being stacked on another printed matter with the front surface in contact with the back surface of the other printed matter, or that is used by being stacked on a resin plate with the front surface in contact with the resin plate.

2. A printed matter having a front surface and a back surface, A transparent substrate and a printing layer are included. the transparent substrate includes a first surface constituting the surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the transparent substrate includes a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer that forms the second surface, the printing layer is located on a portion of the second surface and constitutes the back surface together with a portion of the easy-adhesion layer; the easy-adhesion layer includes a binder component and particles held by the binder component, the second surface includes protrusions formed by the particles, The transparent substrate has a transmission haze of 3.0% or less, It has resistance to a mandrel test using a 5 mm diameter mandrel with a holding time of 30 seconds x 2 times, The printed matter is used by being superimposed on another printed matter with the back surface in contact with the front surface of the other printed matter, by being superimposed on a picture-containing object with the back surface in contact with the picture-containing object, or by being superimposed on a resin plate with the back surface in contact with the resin plate.

3. A printed matter having a front surface and a back surface, A transparent substrate and a printing layer are included. the transparent substrate includes a first surface constituting the surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the transparent substrate includes a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer that forms the second surface, the printing layer is located on a portion of the second surface and constitutes the back surface together with a portion of the easy-adhesion layer; the easy-adhesion layer includes a binder component and particles held by the binder component, the second surface includes protrusions formed by the particles, The transparent substrate has a transmission haze of 3.0% or less, the adhesion on the second surface is evaluated by a cross-cut method as being 2 or less; The printed matter is used by being superimposed on another printed matter with the back surface in contact with the front surface of the other printed matter, by being superimposed on a picture-containing object with the back surface in contact with the picture-containing object, or by being superimposed on a resin plate with the back surface in contact with the resin plate.

4. A printed matter having a front surface and a back surface, A transparent substrate and a printing layer are included. the transparent substrate includes a first surface constituting the surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the transparent substrate includes a resin film and an easy-adhesion layer that forms the second surface, the printing layer is located on a portion of the second surface and constitutes the back surface together with a portion of the easy-adhesion layer; the easy-adhesion layer includes a binder component and particles held by the binder component, the second surface includes protrusions formed by the particles, The transparent substrate has a transmission haze of 3.0% or less, The average thickness of the binder component is 1.0 μm or less, The particles have an average particle size of 1.0 μm or less, The printed matter is used by being superimposed on another printed matter with the back surface in contact with the front surface of the other printed matter, by being superimposed on a picture-containing object with the back surface in contact with the picture-containing object, or by being superimposed on a resin plate with the back surface in contact with the resin plate.

5. the easy-adhesion layer is provided on only one surface of the resin film, The printed matter according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the resin film constitutes the first surface.

6. 5. The printed matter according to claim 1, 3, or 4, which has resistance to a mandrel test using a mandrel having a diameter of 5 mm and a holding time of 30 seconds, repeated twice.

7. The printed matter according to claim 1 , 2 or 4 , wherein the adhesion on the second surface is rated at 2 or less when evaluated by a cross-cut method.

8. The average thickness of the binder component is 1.0 μm or less, The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the particles have an average particle size of 1.0 µm or less.

9. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the average thickness of the binder component is smaller than the average particle diameter of the particles.

10. the arithmetic mean roughness Sa of the first surface is 5.0 nm or less; The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second surface has an arithmetic mean roughness Sa of 5.0 nm or less.

11. The color difference ΔE of the transparent substrate before and after the light resistance test = ((ΔL ＊ ) ２ + (Δa ＊ ) ２ + (Δb ＊ ) ２ ) １／２ The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein is 0.25 or less.

12. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the resin film is mainly composed of polyester or acrylic resin.

13. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the anti-see-through index Nt in the area where the printed layer is formed is 85.0% or more according to the anti-see-through method B (instrumental method).

14. The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the printed layer has a thickness of 0.40 µm or more.

15. The printing layer includes a picture printing layer having a picture and a white, uniform base printing layer; The printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the picture printed layer is located between the easy-adhesion layer and the base printed layer.

16. the undercoat printing layer is provided only on the picture printing layer, The printed matter according to claim 15, wherein the periphery of the base printing layer is spaced apart from the periphery of the picture printing layer.

17. The printed matter according to claim 15, wherein the thickness of the underprinting layer is 0.20 μm or more.

18. A printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 4; A printed matter combination comprising: another printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

19. The printed matter combination according to claim 18, further comprising a resin bag that contains the printed matter and the other printed matter.

20. The printed matter according to claim 1; A printed matter combination comprising the resin plate according to claim 1.

21. A printed matter according to any one of claims 2 to 4; A printed matter combination comprising the picture object according to any one of claims 2 to 4.

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