Building ventilation structure

Abstract

To provide a ventilation structure for a building that can improve the environment of an indoor vertically communicating space section and an indoor passageway on each floor in a three-story or higher building having an indoor vertically communicating space section spanning multiple floors. [Solution] A ventilation structure (1) comprises a plurality of rooms (3) located on different floors, an indoor vertically communicating space (4) spanning multiple floors, and an indoor passage (5) located between the rooms (3) on each floor and the indoor vertically communicating space (4). The ventilation structure (1) comprises an underfloor space (6) located below the indoor passage (5) or the indoor vertically communicating space (4), or both, and an underfloor air supply port (7) connecting the underfloor space (6) with an external space (S1) of the building (2). The ventilation structure (1) comprises an air duct (8) extending upward from the underfloor space (6) and connecting the underfloor space (6) with the indoor passage (5) on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space (4) on each floor, and an air blower (9) that generates an air flow in the air duct (8) from the underfloor space (6) toward the indoor passage (5) on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space (4) on each floor.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a ventilation structure for a building, and more particularly to a ventilation structure for a building of three or more stories that has an indoor vertically communicating space spanning multiple floors. [Background technology]

[0002] Patent Document 1 describes a building that is three or more stories tall and has an atrium that runs through all the floors.

[0003] The building has a plurality of rooms on each floor, and an indoor passageway is provided between the rooms and the atrium.

[0004] In this building, warm air from each room flows through ventilation holes installed in rooms on each floor into the indoor corridors and then into the atrium. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2023-123310 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0006] Incidentally, in buildings of three or more stories that have an indoor vertically connected space that spans multiple floors, such as an atrium, in winter when there is a large temperature difference between the inside and outside of the building, the temperature difference creates an air flow that flows from the bottom to the top of the indoor vertically connected space.

[0007] As a result, the air pressure tends to be low at the bottom of the indoor vertically communicating space, making it easy for air to flow from rooms on lower floors into the indoor vertically communicating space. Furthermore, the air pressure tends to be high at the top of the indoor vertically communicating space, making it easy for air flowing out of rooms on lower floors to flow into rooms on upper floors through the indoor vertically communicating space. This creates a problem in that it is difficult for rooms on upper floors to take in fresh outside air.

[0008] Furthermore, because the indoor vertical communication spaces and the indoor corridors on each floor are common areas of the building, they are generally not temperature-controlled or ventilated. As a result, the indoor vertical communication spaces and the corridors on each floor tend to get hot in the summer and cold in the winter, and the air quality is prone to deteriorate.

[0009] In view of the above circumstances, the present disclosure aims to provide a ventilation structure for a building that can improve the environment of the indoor vertically communicating space and the indoor corridors on each floor in a building of three or more stories that has an indoor vertically communicating space spanning multiple floors. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] A ventilation structure for a building according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a ventilation structure for a three-story or higher building. The ventilation structure includes a plurality of rooms located on different floors, an indoor vertically communicating space spanning multiple floors, and an indoor passageway located between the rooms on each floor and the indoor vertically communicating space and communicating with the indoor vertically communicating space. The ventilation structure includes a underfloor space located below the indoor passageway, the indoor vertically communicating space, or both, and an underfloor air supply port connecting the underfloor space to an exterior space of the building. The ventilation structure includes an air duct extending upward from the underfloor space and connecting the underfloor space to the indoor passageway on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space on each floor, and a blower device that generates an air flow in the air duct from the underfloor space toward the indoor passageway on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space on each floor. [Effects of the Invention]

[0011] In one aspect of the building ventilation structure according to the present disclosure, in a building of three or more stories that has an indoor vertically communicating space spanning multiple floors, it is possible to improve the environment in the indoor vertically communicating space and the indoor corridors on each floor. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0012] [Figure 1] FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a ventilation structure for a building according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2] FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view schematically showing one floor of the ventilation structure of the building. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0013] (One embodiment) 1. Overview 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a ventilation structure 1 for a building 2 (hereinafter simply referred to as "ventilation structure 1") for a three-story or higher building 2. The ventilation structure 1 includes a plurality of rooms 3 located on different floors, an indoor vertically communicating space 4 spanning multiple floors, and an indoor passage 5 located between the rooms 3 on each floor and the indoor vertically communicating space 4. The ventilation structure 1 includes an underfloor space 6 located below the indoor passage 5 or the indoor vertically communicating space 4, or both, and an underfloor air supply port 7 connecting the underfloor space 6 with an external space S1 of the building 2. The ventilation structure 1 includes an air duct 8 extending upward from the underfloor space 6 and connecting the underfloor space 6 with the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor, and a blower 9 that generates an air flow in the air duct 8 from the underfloor space 6 toward the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor.

[0014] In one embodiment of the ventilation structure 1 having the above-described configuration, air from the external space S1 of the building 2 (i.e., outside air) is passed through the underfloor space 6 located below the indoor passage 5 or the indoor vertically communicating space 4, or both, and then supplied to the indoor passage 5 and the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor through the air duct 8. Therefore, in the ventilation structure 1 of one embodiment, outside air heated by the underfloor space 6 can be supplied to the indoor passage 5 and the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor in winter, and outside air cooled by the underfloor space 6 can be supplied to the indoor passage 5 and the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor in summer. As a result, the ventilation structure 1 of one embodiment can prevent the indoor vertically communicating space 4 and the indoor passage 5 on each floor from becoming too hot in summer and too cold in winter. Furthermore, the ventilation structure 1 of one embodiment can take in outside air into the indoor vertically communicating space 4 and the indoor passage 5 on each floor, which facilitates improving the air quality in the indoor vertically communicating space 4 and the indoor passage 5 on each floor. Therefore, in the ventilation structure 1 of one embodiment, it is easy to improve the environment in the indoor vertical communication space portion 4 and the indoor passageway 5 on each floor.

[0015] 2.Details Next, the ventilation structure 1 of one embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. The building 2 is a three-story or higher building, and in this embodiment, it is a three-story building. In this embodiment, the building 2 is an apartment building.

[0016] The ventilation structure 1 comprises a plurality of rooms 3 located on different floors, an indoor vertically communicating space 4 spanning multiple floors, and an indoor passage 5 located between the rooms 3 on each floor and the indoor vertically communicating space 4 and communicating with the indoor vertically communicating space 4. The ventilation structure 1 also comprises an underfloor space 6 located below the indoor passage 5 or the indoor vertically communicating space 4, and an underfloor air supply port 7 connecting the underfloor space 6 with an external space S1 of the building 2. The ventilation structure 1 also comprises an air duct 8 extending upward from the underfloor space 6 and connecting the underfloor space 6 with the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor, and a blower 9 that generates an air flow in the air duct 8 from the underfloor space 6 toward the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor.

[0017] The building 2 has a plurality of rooms 3 on each floor. Each of the plurality of rooms 3 on each floor has an outdoor wall 30 that separates the external space S1 of the building 2 from the internal space S2 of the room 3 and has a ventilated outdoor gap S3, and an indoor wall 31 that separates the internal space S2 of the room 3 from the indoor passage 5 and has a ventilated indoor gap S4. A ventilation fan 10 is provided in the outdoor wall 30. The outdoor wall 30 is further provided with a ventilation opening 11. The ventilation opening 11 is an opening with a diameter of 75 to 100 mm. The ventilation opening 11 is provided in the upper part of the outdoor wall 30. No ventilation opening is provided in the indoor wall 31.

[0018] The outdoor gap S3 includes at least one of a gap occurring between the outdoor wall 30 and an outdoor mounting part (not shown) attached to the outdoor wall 30, and a gap within the outdoor mounting part. The outdoor mounting part is a window, an air conditioner duct, an electrical outlet, etc. Air can move between the interior space S2 of each room 3 and the exterior space S1 of the building 2 through the outdoor gap S3.

[0019] The indoor gap S4 includes at least one of a gap occurring between the indoor wall 31 and an indoor mounting component attached to the indoor wall 31, and a gap within the indoor mounting component. The indoor mounting component is a door, window, outlet, distribution board, etc. Air can move between the internal space S2 of each room 3 and the indoor passage 5 through the indoor gap S4.

[0020] The multiple rooms 3 include at least one first room 3a located at a height equal to or higher than the neutral zone A1 of the building 2, and at least one second room 3b located lower than the neutral zone A1. The floor on which the neutral zone in the building 2 is located can be calculated using a conventionally known calculation method. The neutral zone of the building 2 is located, for example, on the second floor. In this case, the rooms 3 on the second and third floors are the first room 3a, and the room 3 on the first floor is the second room 3b.

[0021] The indoor vertically communicating space 4 is provided so as to penetrate all floors from the first to the third floor. The indoor vertically communicating space 4 includes a staircase 4a with stairs and an elevator shaft 4b through which the elevator ascends and descends. The indoor vertically communicating space 4 is a space in which the parts located on each floor are connected to each other, and air flows along the entire vertical length of the space.

[0022] The indoor passages 5 are indoor spaces located between the multiple rooms 3 on each floor and the indoor vertically communicating spaces 4. The indoor passages 5 are in communication with the indoor vertically communicating spaces 4, allowing air to move between them. The building 2 has indoor passages 5 on each floor. The indoor passages 5 on each floor do not directly communicate with each other. The rooms 3 on each floor and the indoor vertically communicating spaces 4 are connected via the indoor passages 5 on each floor, which creates an air flow between the rooms 3 on each floor and the indoor vertically communicating spaces 4.

[0023] The building 2 has a building exterior wall 12 that separates the indoor vertically communicating space 4 and the indoor passage 5 from the external space S1 of the building 2. A lower opening S5 that is ventilated and larger than the outdoor gap S3 is provided at the bottom of the building exterior wall 12. The lower opening S5 is, for example, an entrance to the building 2. A door or an automatic door is provided at the lower opening S5, which can be opened and closed.

[0024] An exterior wall gap S6 is provided in a portion of the building exterior wall 12 corresponding to each floor. The exterior wall gap S6 includes at least one of a gap that occurs between the building exterior wall 12 and a mounting component such as a window attached to the building exterior wall 12, and a gap within the mounting component.

[0025] In this embodiment, the ventilation fan 10 on each floor is an exhaust fan that exhausts air from the interior space S2 of the room 3 to the exterior space S1. The ventilation fan 10 is made up of, for example, an exhaust fan installed in the toilet and an exhaust fan installed in the kitchen. The ventilation fan 10 is a DC fan. Note that the ventilation fan 10 may also be a fan dedicated to ventilation, separate from these exhaust fans.

[0026] In the room 3 on each floor, the ventilation fan 10 exhausts the air in the internal space S2 of the room 3 to the external space S1, thereby creating a negative pressure in the internal space S2 of the room 3. This allows fresh outside air from the external space S1 of the building 2 to be taken into the internal space S2 of the room 3 through the ventilation opening 11.

[0027] The underfloor space 6 is a space located below the indoor passage 5 or the indoor vertically communicating space 4, or both. In this embodiment, the underfloor space 6 is located below both the indoor passage 5 and the indoor vertically communicating space 4. The underfloor space 6 is a floor insulation space with insulation material installed in the ceiling (i.e., under the floor). In summer, the temperature of the underfloor space 6 is, for example, 5 to 6°C lower than the external space S1 of the building 2, and in winter, the temperature is, for example, 5 to 6°C higher than the external space S1 of the building 2.

[0028] The building 2 further includes a room-side underfloor space 6a located below the room 3 on the first floor. The underfloor space 6 is a space that is not connected to the room-side underfloor space 6a, and a partition wall is provided between the underfloor space 6 and the room-side underfloor space 6a. The partition wall does not have an opening that connects the underfloor space 6 and the room-side underfloor space 6a.

[0029] The underfloor air supply port 7 is an opening that connects the underfloor space 6 with the external space S1 of the building 2. The underfloor air supply port 7 is provided, for example, so as to penetrate through a rising wall on the outer periphery of the foundation.

[0030] The air duct 8 extends upward from the underfloor space 6 and is provided to connect the underfloor space 6 with the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor. In this embodiment, the air duct 8 is composed of a pipe 8a embedded in a wall 40 located between the indoor vertically communicating space 4 and the indoor passage 5. More specifically, the pipe 8a is embedded in the wall 40 located between the staircase 4a on each floor and the indoor passage 5. The pipe 8a has a diameter of, for example, 150 to 200 mm.

[0031] The ventilation structure 1 further includes an air intake 14 that is provided in the indoor passage 5 on each floor or in the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor and that is connected to the air duct 8. In this embodiment, the air intake 14 is provided in a wall 40 located between the stairwell 4a on each floor and the indoor passage 5, and opens to the indoor passage 5 side. An opening 80 is provided in the pipe 8a in a portion that faces the air intake 14 on each floor.

[0032] The air blower 9 is a device that generates an air flow in the air passage 8 from the underfloor space 6 toward the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor. In this embodiment, the air blower 9 includes an air supply device 9a installed in the air supply port 14 on each floor. The air supply device 9a is a device that generates an air flow toward the indoor passage 5 and is composed of, for example, a DC fan.

[0033] The ventilation structure 1 further includes a control unit 15 that controls the supply air volume of the air supply device 9a on each floor. The control unit 15 is a device whose main component is a computer system such as a microcomputer or a personal computer. The control unit 15 is installed inside the building 2.

[0034] The ventilation structure 1 further includes an exhaust port 120 that connects the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor with the external space S1 of the building 2. In this embodiment, the exhaust port 120 is provided in a portion of the building exterior wall 12 that separates the indoor passage 5 on each floor from the external space S1 of the building 2. More specifically, the exhaust port 120 is provided in a portion of the building exterior wall 12 that is away from the air intake port 14 (in this embodiment, at the end of the indoor passage 5). The exhaust port 120 penetrates the building exterior wall 12 from the inside to the outside.

[0035] The blower device 9 further includes an exhaust device 9b provided at the exhaust port 120 on each floor. The exhaust device 9b is a device that exhausts the air in the indoor passage 5 on each floor to the external space S1 of the building 2, and is configured, for example, by a DC fan. The control unit 15 is configured to control the exhaust volume of the exhaust device 9b on each floor in addition to the supply air volume of the air supply device 9a on each floor.

[0036] The ventilation structure 1 further includes an air conditioner 17 and a temperature sensor 18 provided in the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor. In this embodiment, the air conditioner 17 is provided on the indoor side of the portion of the building exterior wall 12 that faces the indoor passage 5 on each floor. More specifically, the air conditioner 17 has an exhaust port 120 provided in a portion of the building exterior wall 12 adjacent to the elevator shaft 4b.

[0037] The air conditioner 17 is a cooling and heating device, or what is known as an air conditioner. The temperature sensor 18 is a sensor that detects the temperature of the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor. In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 18 detects the temperature of the indoor passage 5 on each floor. The temperature sensor 18 is provided in the ceiling of the indoor passage 5 on each floor.

[0038] The ventilation structure 1 further includes an outside air temperature sensor (not shown) that detects the temperature of the external space S1 of the building 2. The outside air temperature sensor is provided on the outdoor surface of the external wall 12 of the building.

[0039] The control unit 15 is configured to control the air conditioner 17 on each floor based on the detection results of the temperature sensor 18 on each floor. The control unit 15 is also configured to control the air supply device 9a on each floor based on the detection results of the temperature sensor 18 on each floor, and to control the exhaust device 9b on each floor based on the detection results of the temperature sensor 18 and the outside air temperature sensor on each floor.

[0040] The ventilation structure 1 further includes a solar power generation device 19 installed outside the building 2. Electrical equipment installed in the indoor passageway 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor is driven by power supplied from the solar power generation device 19.

[0041] In this embodiment, the electrical equipment includes an air intake device 9a, an exhaust device 9b, a control unit 15, an air conditioner 17, a temperature sensor 18, and an outside air temperature sensor. Each of the air intake device 9a, the exhaust device 9b, the control unit 15, the air conditioner 17, the temperature sensor 18, and the outside air temperature sensor is driven by power supplied from a solar power generation device 19.

[0042] In this embodiment, the solar power generation device 19 is installed on top of the building 2. On top of the building 2, a plurality of solar power generation devices 19 are installed.

[0043] 3. Ventilation method Next, a ventilation method using the ventilation structure 1 of the present embodiment described above will be described.

[0044] First, the ventilation method in summer will be explained.

[0045] The temperature of the indoor passageway 5 on each floor is detected by the temperature sensor 18 on each floor. If the detected temperature of the indoor passageway 5 on each floor is lower than a reference value, the control unit 15 drives the air supply devices 9a on each floor at the same air volume. At this time, the control unit 15 drives the exhaust devices 9b on each floor at the same air volume.

[0046] When the air supply device 9a on each floor is activated, air from the external space S1 of the building 2 (i.e., outside air) flows through the underfloor air supply port 7, underfloor space 6, and air duct 8 into the indoor passage 5 on each floor, and is then supplied to the indoor vertically communicating space 4 that communicates with the indoor passage 5 on each floor. At this time, because the temperature of the underfloor space 6 is lower than that of the external space S1 of the building 2, the temperature of the outside air is lowered by passing through the underfloor space 6, and the air is then supplied to the indoor vertically communicating space 4 and indoor passage 5 on each floor.

[0047] If the detected temperature of indoor passage 5 on each floor is higher than the reference value by, for example, 2°C or more, control unit 15 increases the amount of air supplied by air supply device 9a on the corresponding floor. This increases the amount of cooled outside air supplied to indoor passage 5 on the corresponding floor, thereby lowering the temperature of indoor passage 5 on the corresponding floor.

[0048] If the temperature of the indoor passage 5 on each floor does not fall below the reference value even when the supply of cooled outside air is increased, the control unit 15 drives the air conditioner 17 on the corresponding floor to lower the temperature of the indoor passage 5 on the corresponding floor to the reference temperature.

[0049] When the temperature on each floor detected by the temperature sensor 18 on each floor falls below the reference value, the control unit 15 returns the supply air volume of the air supply device 9a on each floor to the original volume.

[0050] Next, the ventilation method in winter will be explained.

[0051] The temperature of the indoor passage 5 on each floor is detected by the temperature sensor 18 on each floor, and the temperature of the external space S1 of the building 2 is detected by an outside air temperature sensor. If the temperature difference between the temperature of the external space S1 of the building 2 and the temperature of the indoor passage 5 on each floor is less than 10°C, the control unit 15 drives the exhaust devices 9b on each floor at the same air volume. At this time, the control unit 15 stops the air supply devices 9a on each floor.

[0052] When the exhaust device 9b on each floor is activated, the indoor passage 5 on each floor becomes negative pressure, and as a result, air from the external space S1 of the building 2 (i.e., outside air) flows through the underfloor air intake 7, underfloor space 6, and air duct 8 into the indoor passage 5 on each floor, and is supplied to the indoor vertically communicating space 4 that communicates with the indoor passage 5 on each floor. At this time, because the temperature of the underfloor space 6 is higher than that of the external space S1 of the building 2, the temperature of the outside air is raised by passing through the underfloor space 6, and the outside air is then supplied to the indoor passage 5 on each floor.

[0053] If the temperature of the indoor passageway 5 on each floor detected by the temperature sensor 18 on each floor is lower than the reference value after a predetermined time has elapsed since the exhaust device 9b on each floor started operating, the control unit 15 operates the air conditioning device 17 on the corresponding floor to raise the temperature of the indoor passageway 5 on the corresponding floor to the reference value.

[0054] If the temperature of the indoor passageway 5 on each floor detected by the temperature sensor 18 on each floor is higher than the reference value after a predetermined time has elapsed since the exhaust device 9b on each floor started operating, the control unit 15 maintains the state in which the exhaust device 9b on each floor is operated at the same air volume.The control unit 15 also maintains the state in which the air conditioner 17 on each floor is stopped.

[0055] When the temperature difference between the temperature of the external space S1 of the building 2 and the temperature of the indoor passage 5 on each floor is greater than 10°C, the control unit 15 drives the exhaust devices 9b on each floor so that the exhaust air volume of the exhaust devices 9b on the upper floors is greater. At this time, the control unit 15 stops the air supply devices 9a on each floor.

[0056] If the temperature of the indoor passageway 5 on each floor detected by the temperature sensor 18 on each floor is lower than the reference value after a predetermined time has elapsed since the exhaust device 9b on each floor started operating, the control unit 15 operates the air conditioning device 17 on the corresponding floor to heat the indoor passageway 5 on the corresponding floor to the reference value.

[0057] If the detected temperature in the indoor passageway 5 on each floor is higher than the reference value after a predetermined time has elapsed since the exhaust device 9b on each floor started operating, the control unit 15 maintains the state in which the exhaust device 9b on each floor is operating so that the exhaust air volume of the exhaust device 9b on the upper floor is larger.The control unit 15 also maintains the state in which the air conditioner 17 on each floor is stopped.

[0058] During the intermediate seasons between summer and winter, the control unit 15 drives at least one of the exhaust device 9b and the air supply device 9a on each floor, and keeps the air conditioner 17 on each floor stopped. As a result, outside air that has passed through the underfloor air supply port 7, the underfloor space 6, and the air duct 8 is supplied to the indoor passage 5 and the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor.

[0059] 4. Effects In the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment described above, air from the external space S1 of the building 2 (i.e., outside air) is passed through the underfloor space 6 located below the indoor passage 5 or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 or both, and then supplied to the indoor passage 5 and the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor through the air supply duct 8.

[0060] Therefore, the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment can supply outside air heated by the underfloor space 6 to the indoor passages 5 and indoor vertically communicating spaces 4 on each floor in winter, and can supply outside air cooled by the underfloor space 6 in summer. As a result, the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment can prevent the indoor vertically communicating spaces 4 and the indoor passages 5 on each floor from becoming too hot in summer and too cold in winter. Furthermore, the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment can take outside air into the indoor vertically communicating spaces 4 and the indoor passages 5 on each floor, thereby improving the air quality in the indoor vertically communicating spaces 4 and the indoor passages 5 on each floor. Therefore, the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment can easily improve the environment in the indoor vertically communicating spaces 4 and the indoor passages 5 on each floor.

[0061] Furthermore, in the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment, when the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the building 2 is greater than 10°C in winter, the exhaust air volume from the exhaust device 9b can be increased on higher floors. Therefore, in the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment, even if air flows from the bottom to the top of the indoor vertically communicating space 4 due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the building 2, the air pressure in the indoor passage 5 and the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on the upper floor can be prevented from increasing. As a result, the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment can prevent air from flowing from the indoor passage 5 into the room 3 on the upper floor. Even if air does flow in from the indoor passage 5 into the room 3 on the upper floor, the proportion of outside air in the air flowing into the room 3 can be increased because outside air is supplied to the indoor passage 5 on the upper floor. Therefore, the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment can prevent the room 3 on the upper floor from having difficulty taking in fresh outside air in winter.

[0062] Furthermore, in the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment, the underfloor space 6 is a space that is not connected to the room-side underfloor space 6a, which requires a certain level of fire resistance, and therefore can be easily used as a space for changing the temperature of the outside air.

[0063] Furthermore, in the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment, the supply air volume of the air supply device 9a on each floor can be controlled by the control unit 15, making it easy to introduce an appropriate amount of outside air according to the temperature of the indoor passage 5 on each floor.

[0064] Furthermore, in the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment, the exhaust air volume of the exhaust device 9b on each floor can be controlled by the control unit 15, which makes it easier to prevent air from flowing from the indoor passageway 5 on each floor into the room 3 on each floor due to the air supply from the air supply device 9a on each floor increasing the air pressure in the indoor passageway 5 on each floor.

[0065] Furthermore, in the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment, the temperature of the indoor passageways 5 on each floor can be adjusted by taking in outside air via the underfloor space 6, and then fine-tuned by the air conditioning units 17 on each floor, making it easy to reduce the amount of electricity required to operate the air conditioning units 17 on each floor.

[0066] In addition, in the ventilation structure 1 of this embodiment, the air supply devices 9a, exhaust devices 9b, and air conditioning devices 17 on each floor can be driven by electricity generated by a solar power generation device 19 installed in the building 2, making it easier to reduce the power supply from commercial power sources.

[0067] (Variation) Next, a description will be given of modified examples of the ventilation structure 1 of the above-described embodiment. The modified examples shown below can be combined as appropriate.

[0068] The underfloor space 6 may be a space located below the indoor passage 5 or the indoor vertically communicating space 4, or both, and may be located below only one of the indoor passage 5 and the indoor vertically communicating space 4. The underfloor space 6 may also be a space that communicates with the room-side underfloor space 6a.

[0069] The air duct 8 may be any that connects the indoor passageway 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor with the underfloor space 6, and may be formed not only by a pipe 8a but also by a space provided within the wall of the building 2.

[0070] 2, the air duct 8 may be provided in another position. That is, the air duct 8 may be provided in a part of the building exterior wall 12 facing the indoor passage 5 on each floor, or in a wall surrounding the elevator shaft 4b, or in a part of the wall surrounding the room 3 facing the stairwell 4a or the indoor passage 5.

[0071] The air blower 9 may be any device that generates an air flow in the air duct 8 from the underfloor space 6 toward the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor, and is not limited to a combination of an air supply device 9a and an exhaust device 9b provided on each floor. The air blower 9 may be composed of only one of the air supply device 9a and the exhaust device 9b provided on each floor. Furthermore, the air blower 9 may be a device provided in the underfloor space 6 so as to face the upstream end opening of the air duct 8, for example, or may be a device provided within the air duct 8.

[0072] The control unit 15 does not have to control each of the air supply devices 9a, exhaust devices 9b, and air conditioners 17 on each floor. The ventilation structure 1 may be provided with a control unit that controls the air supply devices 9a on each floor, a control unit that controls the exhaust devices 9b on each floor, and a control unit that controls the air conditioners 17 on each floor, separately.

[0073] The ventilation structure 1 does not need to be provided with the exhaust ports 120 and exhaust devices 9b located on each floor. In this case, the air blowing device 9 is composed of only the air supply devices 9a on each floor.

[0074] The ventilation structure 1 does not need to be equipped with air conditioning units 17 located on each floor, and the environment in the indoor passageways 5 and the indoor vertically communicating spaces 4 on each floor can be improved simply by supplying outside air via the underfloor spaces 6.

[0075] The ventilation structure 1 does not need to be equipped with a solar power generation device 19 installed outside the building 2, and the electrical equipment installed in the indoor corridors 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 may be powered by electricity supplied from a commercial power source.

[0076] The control unit 15 may control the air supply devices 9a on each floor to be driven in addition to the exhaust devices 9b on each floor in winter. Also, the control unit 15 may control the air supply devices 9a on each floor to be driven in addition to the exhaust devices 9b on each floor in summer.

[0077] The building 2 may be a building having three or more floors, and the number of floors of the building 2 may be four or more.

[0078] The building 2 is not limited to an apartment building, and may have only one room 3 on each floor.

[0079] The indoor vertically communicating space 4 may be provided across multiple floors, and does not have to extend through all floors. The building 2 may further include a room 3 located on a floor above the indoor vertically communicating space 4.

[0080] The indoor vertically communicating space 4 may include only one of the staircase 4a and the elevator shaft 4b. The indoor vertically communicating space 4 may also include an atrium, or may be composed of only an atrium.

[0081] The ventilation fan 10 may be an air supply fan that introduces outside air from the external space S1 into the internal space S2 of the room 3, or may be switchable between being an air supply fan and an exhaust fan.

[0082] The underfloor space 6 may be a foundation insulation space in which insulation material is installed in the foundation. In this case, the temperature of the underfloor space 6 is about 14°C lower than the temperature of the external space S1 of the building 2 in summer, and about 14°C higher than the temperature of the external space S1 of the building 2 in winter.

[0083] The solar power generation device 19 may be installed on the outside of the building 2, or may be installed on the side of the building 2.

[0084] (summary) As in the embodiment and its modified example described above, the ventilation structure 1 of the first aspect has the following configuration.

[0085] That is, the ventilation structure 1 of the first embodiment is a ventilation structure 1 for a building 2 having three or more floors. The ventilation structure 1 includes a plurality of rooms 3 located on different floors, an indoor vertically communicating space 4 spanning multiple floors, and an indoor passage 5 located between the rooms 3 on each floor and the indoor vertically communicating space 4. The ventilation structure 1 includes an underfloor space 6 located below the indoor passage 5 or the indoor vertically communicating space 4, or both, and an underfloor air supply port 7 connecting the underfloor space 6 with an external space S1 of the building 2. The ventilation structure 1 includes an air duct 8 extending upward from the underfloor space 6 and connecting the underfloor space 6 with the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor, and an air blower 9 that generates an air flow in the air duct 8 from the underfloor space 6 toward the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor.

[0086] In the ventilation structure 1 of the first embodiment having the above-described configuration, air from the external space S1 of the building 2 (i.e., outside air) is passed through the underfloor space 6 located below the indoor passage 5 or the indoor vertically communicating space 4, and then supplied to the indoor passage 5 and the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor through the air duct 8. Therefore, the ventilation structure 1 of the first embodiment can supply outside air heated by the underfloor space 6 to the indoor passage 5 and the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor in winter, and can supply outside air cooled by the underfloor space 6 to the indoor passage 5 and the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor in summer. This prevents the indoor vertically communicating space 4 and the indoor passage 5 on each floor from becoming too hot in summer and too cold in winter. Furthermore, the ventilation structure 1 of the first embodiment can take outside air into the indoor vertically communicating space 4 and the indoor passage 5 on each floor, which makes it easy to improve the air quality in the indoor vertically communicating space 4 and the indoor passage 5 on each floor. Therefore, in the ventilation structure 1 of the first embodiment, it is easy to improve the environment in the indoor vertical communication space portion 4 and the indoor passageway 5 on each floor.

[0087] As in the embodiment and its modification described above, the ventilation structure 1 of the second aspect additionally includes the following configuration in addition to the configuration of the first aspect.

[0088] That is, the ventilation structure 1 of the second embodiment is provided in the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor, and further includes an air supply port 14 connected to the air passage 8, and a control unit 15. The air blowing device 9 includes an air supply device 9a provided in the air supply port 14 on each floor. The control unit 15 is configured to control the amount of air supplied by the air supply device 9a on each floor.

[0089] In the second embodiment of the ventilation structure 1 having the above configuration, the air supply volume of the air supply device 9a installed on each floor can be controlled by the control unit 15, making it easy to introduce an appropriate amount of outside air that has passed through the underfloor space 6 into the indoor vertically communicating space 4 and the indoor passage 5 on each floor.

[0090] As in the embodiment and its modified example described above, the ventilation structure 1 of the third aspect additionally includes the following configuration in addition to the configuration of the first or second aspect.

[0091] That is, the ventilation structure 1 of the third aspect further includes an exhaust port 120 that connects the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor with the external space S1 of the building 2, and a control unit 15. The air blower 9 includes an exhaust device 9b provided at the exhaust port 120 on each floor. The control unit 15 is configured to control the exhaust volume of the exhaust device 9b on each floor.

[0092] In the ventilation structure 1 of the third embodiment having the above configuration, the exhaust volume of the exhaust device 9b provided on each floor can be controlled by the control unit 15, so that the indoor passage 5 on each floor and the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor can be made negative pressure. As a result, the ventilation structure 1 of the third embodiment makes it easy to introduce an appropriate amount of outside air via the underfloor space 6 into the indoor vertically communicating space 4 and indoor passage 5 on each floor. In addition, the ventilation structure 1 of the third embodiment can prevent the introduction of outside air via the underfloor space 6 from increasing the air pressure in the indoor passage 5 and the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor, so it is easy to prevent air from flowing into the room 3 from the indoor passage 5 on each floor.

[0093] As in the embodiment and its modified example described above, the ventilation structure 1 of the fourth aspect additionally includes the following configuration in addition to the configuration of any one of the first to third aspects.

[0094] That is, the ventilation structure 1 of the fourth aspect further includes an air conditioner 17 and a temperature sensor 18 provided in the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor, and a control unit 15. The control unit 15 is configured to control the air conditioner 17 on each floor based on the detection results of the temperature sensor 18 on each floor.

[0095] In the ventilation structure 1 of the fourth aspect having the above configuration, the temperature of the indoor passageway 5 on each floor and the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor can be adjusted by introducing outside air via the underfloor space 6 with the air blower 9, and then fine-tuned by the air conditioner 17 on each floor. Therefore, in the ventilation structure 1 of the fourth aspect, it is easy to adjust the temperature of the indoor passageway 5 on each floor and the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor to an appropriate temperature, and it is also easy to reduce the power required to operate the air conditioner 17 on each floor.

[0096] Furthermore, like the embodiment and its modified example described above, the ventilation structure 1 of the fifth aspect additionally includes the following configuration in addition to the configuration of any one of the first to fourth aspects.

[0097] That is, the ventilation structure 1 of the fifth aspect further includes a room-side underfloor space 6a located below the first-floor room 3. The underfloor space 6 is a space that is not in communication with the room-side underfloor space 6a.

[0098] In the fifth embodiment of the ventilation structure 1 having the above-described configuration, the underfloor space 6 is a space that is not connected to the room-side underfloor space 6a, which requires a certain level of fire resistance, and therefore the underfloor space 6 can be easily used as a space for changing the temperature of the outside air.

[0099] Furthermore, like the embodiment and its modified example described above, the ventilation structure 1 of the sixth aspect additionally includes the following configuration in addition to the configuration of any one of the first to fifth aspects.

[0100] That is, the ventilation structure 1 of the sixth aspect further includes a solar power generation device 19 installed outside the building 2. Electrical equipment installed in the indoor passage 5 on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space 4 on each floor is driven by power supplied from the solar power generation device 19.

[0101] In the sixth embodiment of the ventilation structure 1 having the above-described configuration, the power supplied from the solar power generation device 19 can be used to drive electrical equipment installed in the indoor corridors 5 or the indoor vertically communicating spaces 4 on each floor, so that there is little need for additional power to improve the environment in the indoor corridors 5 and the indoor vertically communicating spaces 4 on each floor.

[0102] The present disclosure has been described above based on the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments, and appropriate design changes are possible within the intended scope of the present disclosure. [Explanation of symbols]

[0103] 1. Ventilation structure 2. Building 3 rooms 4 Indoor vertical communication space 5 Indoor passage 6 Underfloor space 6a Underfloor space on the room side 7 Underfloor air supply port 8 Air duct 9. Blower 9a Air supply device 9b Exhaust system 14 Air supply port 15 Control Unit 120 exhaust port 17 Air conditioner 18 Temperature Sensor S1 External space

Claims

1. The ventilation structure of a building three stories or more, Multiple rooms located on different floors, An indoor vertically connected space spanning multiple floors; an indoor passageway located between the room on each floor and the indoor vertically communicating space and communicating with the indoor vertically communicating space; an underfloor space located below the indoor passage or the indoor vertically communicating space; an underfloor air intake port that connects the underfloor space and an external space of the building; an air duct extending upward from the underfloor space and connecting the underfloor space to the indoor passage on each floor or the indoor vertical communication space on each floor; a blower device that generates an air flow in the air duct from the underfloor space toward the indoor passage on each floor or the indoor vertical communication space on each floor; Equipped with Ventilation structure of the building.

2. An air intake port provided in the indoor passageway on each floor or the indoor vertical communication space on each floor and connected to the air duct; a control unit, The air blower includes an air supply device provided at the air supply port on each floor, The control unit is configured to control the amount of air supplied by the air supply device on each floor. The ventilation structure for a building according to claim 1.

3. an exhaust port connecting the indoor passage on each floor or the indoor vertical communication space on each floor to an external space of the building; a control unit, The air blower includes an exhaust device provided at the exhaust port on each floor, The control unit is configured to control the exhaust volume of the exhaust device on each floor. The ventilation structure for a building according to claim 1 or 2.

4. an air conditioning device and a temperature sensor provided in the indoor passageway on each floor or the indoor vertically communicating space on each floor; a control unit, The control unit is configured to control the air conditioning device on each floor based on the detection result of the temperature sensor on each floor. The ventilation structure for a building according to claim 1 or 2.

5. Further provided is a room-side underfloor space located below the room on the first floor, The underfloor space is a space that is not connected to the room-side underfloor space. The ventilation structure for a building according to claim 1 or 2.

6. The building further includes a solar power generation device installed on the outside of the building, Electrical equipment installed in the indoor passageway on each floor or the indoor vertical communication space on each floor is driven by power supplied from the solar power generation device. The ventilation structure for a building according to claim 4.

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