Battery modules and vehicles

Abstract

To provide a battery module and a vehicle capable of mitigating rapid temperature increases. [Solution] A battery module is provided comprising a cell group in which a first cell and a second cell are connected in parallel, the first disconnection mechanism which disconnects the connection between the first cell and the second cell when the temperature of the first cell is equal to or equal to a first temperature, and the connection mechanism which connects the first cell to a discharge circuit when the temperature of the first cell is equal to or equal to a second temperature which is higher than the first temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to a battery module and a vehicle.

Background Art

[0002] In a battery module, when one of the cells connected in parallel is short-circuited, a short-circuit current flows between the one cell and the other adjacent cell, generating Joule heat and there is a possibility that heat propagates within the battery module.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery module and a vehicle capable of alleviating a rapid temperature rise.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] According to an embodiment, in a cell group in which a first cell and a second cell are connected in parallel, when the temperature of the first cell is equal to or higher than a first temperature, a first cutoff mechanism for cutting off the connection between the first cell and the second cell, and when the temperature of the first cell is higher than the first temperature and equal to or higher than a second temperature, a connection mechanism for connecting the first cell to a discharge circuit are provided in a battery module.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0006] [Figure 1] A graph showing the heat generation amount for each temperature at the positive electrode of a lithium-ion secondary battery. [Figure 2] Note: In the translation of "Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-XXX", the number "XXX" in the original text is not provided, so it is left as "Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-XXX" in the translation.A flowchart illustrating an example of events in the battery module according to this embodiment. [Figure 3] A schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the first disconnection mechanism and the connection mechanism in the circuit. [Figure 4] A schematic diagram showing the connection structure between the first and second cells when the temperature of the first cell is below the first temperature. [Figure 5] A schematic diagram showing the connection structure between the first and second cells when the temperature of the first cell is between the first and second temperatures. [Figure 6] A schematic diagram showing the connection structure between the first and second cells when the temperature of the first cell is equal to or higher than the second cell temperature. [Figure 7] A schematic diagram showing the connection structure between the first and second cells when a first blocking mechanism is also installed. [Figure 8] A cross-sectional view schematically showing the connection structure of each component in a battery module according to the embodiment. [Figure 9] A schematic diagram showing the connection between the first busbar and the second busbar of the battery module according to the embodiment. [Figure 10] A schematic diagram showing the connection between the first busbar and the circuit board terminal of the battery module according to the embodiment. [Figure 11] A flowchart illustrating a modified example of the events in the battery module according to the embodiment. [Figure 12] A block diagram showing an example of a battery module according to the embodiment. [Figure 13] An example of a flowchart executed by the control circuit of the battery module according to the embodiment. [Figure 14] A block diagram showing a modified example of the battery module according to the embodiment. [Figure 15] A flowchart illustrating a modified example of the events in the battery module according to the embodiment. [Figure 16] A schematic diagram showing the connection structure between single cells within a battery module according to the embodiment. [Figure 17] A partially transparent view schematically showing an example of a vehicle according to the embodiment. [Figure 18]A schematic diagram showing an example of a control system for the electrical system in a vehicle according to this embodiment. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0007] The embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, components that perform the same or similar functions will be given the same reference numerals throughout all drawings, and redundant descriptions will be omitted. Furthermore, each figure is a schematic diagram intended to explain the embodiments and facilitate their understanding, and their shape, dimensions, ratios, etc., may differ from those of the actual device. These can be appropriately modified in consideration of the following description and known technology.

[0008] The battery in the battery module will be described below as a lithium-ion secondary battery. The battery has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and the positive and negative electrodes have opposite polarities to each other. At each of the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, the potential changes in response to changes in the charge state. At each of the positive and negative electrodes, there is a predetermined relationship between the potential and the charge state. Therefore, for each electrode of the battery, the potential can be calculated based on the charge state, and the charge state can be calculated based on the potential.

[0009] A battery module consists of two or more single cells forming a group of cells, and the single cells within a group are connected in parallel. Furthermore, the following explanation assumes that the first and second cells are adjacent to each other.

[0010] A single cell may experience a rapid temperature increase due to various external factors or the like. In a battery module, when one single cell generates heat, the single cell adjacent to the one single cell also receives heat transfer and the rapid temperature increase propagates. FIG. 1 shows the results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at the positive electrode of a lithium-ion secondary battery, representing the amount of heat generation for each temperature. In FIG. 1, the temperature increases as going to the right, and the amount of heat generation increases as going up. The solid line indicates the state of charge (SOC) of 100%, and the dashed line indicates the fully discharged (SOC 0%) state. When the SOC is 100%, the peak of the amount of heat generation is around temperature A degrees. On the other hand, when the SOC decreases and is fully discharged, the temperature at which the amount of heat generation increases shifts to the high-temperature side, and the decrease in the amount of heat generation in the vicinity of section A including temperature A can be read from FIG. 1. Therefore, in the present invention, before the rapid heat generation of the single cell starts, the single cell is discharged to reduce the SOC, reducing the height of the peak of the amount of heat generation (vertical axis) that mitigates the temperature increase and shifting the location of the peak itself to the right. Thereby, it is possible to mitigate the rapid temperature increase of the battery module.

[0011] In the description of the embodiments, connection or disconnection means electrical connection or disconnection unless otherwise specified. [[ID=**6**]]

[0012] (First Embodiment) In the first embodiment, a battery module will be described. FIG. 2 shows an example of the flow of events in the battery module according to the embodiment in a flowchart. The battery module according to the embodiment includes a first cutoff mechanism and a connection mechanism in a cell group in which a first cell and a second cell are connected in parallel. The first cutoff mechanism cuts off the connection between the first cell and the second cell when the temperature of the first cell in the battery module according to the embodiment is equal to or higher than the first temperature. The connection mechanism connects the first cell to the discharge circuit if the temperature of the first cell is equal to or higher than a second temperature higher than the first temperature. In the description of the following embodiments, the case where the temperature of the first cell increases monotonically will be described.

[0013] Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6 show the cell group 100 in the battery module 1, and Figures 4, 5, and 6 are schematic diagrams showing the connection structure according to the temperature of the first cell 10. Figure 4 shows the case when the temperature of the first cell 10 is below the first temperature, Figure 5 shows the case when it is between the first temperature and the second temperature, and Figure 6 shows the case when it is above the second temperature.

[0014] In Figures 3, 4, 5, and 6, the battery module 1 includes a cell group 100. The cell group 100 includes a first cell 10, a second cell 20, a first interruption mechanism 30, a connection mechanism 40, and a discharge circuit 45. In the figures, 30A, 30B, 30C, and 30D represent possible installation locations for the first interruption mechanism 30, and 40A and 40B represent possible installation locations for the connection mechanism 40. 30A is located between the positive electrode of the first cell 10 and the positive electrode of the second cell 20, and is installed on the circuit on the first cell 10 side. 30B is located between the negative electrode of the first cell 10 and the negative electrode of the second cell 20, and is installed on the circuit on the first cell 10 side. 30C is located between the positive electrode of the first cell 10 and the positive electrode of the second cell 20, and is installed at the point where the first cell 10 and the second cell 20 diverge. 30D is located between the negative terminal of the first cell 10 and the negative terminal of the second cell 20, at the point where the first cell 10 and the second cell 20 diverge. 40A is located between the positive terminal of the first cell 10 and the discharge circuit 45. 40B is located between the negative terminal of the first cell 10 and the discharge circuit 45. From this point onward, the locations where the first interruption mechanism 30 and the connection mechanism 40 are installed will be described using symbols. The diagrams in Figures 4, 5, and 6 show the connection status of each mechanism in the circuit. If each mechanism is conducting, it is connected by a solid line; if it is disconnected, it is represented by an X.

[0015] The first cell 10 and the second cell 20 are single cells and are connected in parallel to each other. The first cell 10 and the second cell 20 may contain resistors. The resistors contained in the first cell 10 and the second cell 20 are, for example, internal resistors.

[0016] The first interruption mechanism 30 interrupts the connection between the first cell 10 and the second cell 20 when the temperature of the first cell 10 exceeds a first temperature. This prevents short-circuit current from flowing between the first cell 10 and the second cell 20, even if the first cell 10 is short-circuited. In Figure 3, the first interruption mechanism 30 is installed in at least one of 30A, 30B, 30C, and 30D. To further extend the lifespan of the battery module, it is desirable to install the first interruption mechanism 30 at 30A or 30B. This allows only the first cell 10 to be interrupted, and the operation of the second cell 20 to continue. In addition, multiple first interruption mechanisms 30 may be installed to ensure more reliable interruption.

[0017] The connection mechanism 40 connects the first cell 10 and the discharge circuit 45 when the temperature of the first cell 10 rises to or above the second temperature. This allows the state of charge (SOC) of the first cell 10 to be reduced before its temperature rises rapidly. In Figure 3, the connection mechanism 40 is installed at at least one of 40A and 40B.

[0018] The discharge circuit 45 opens or closes via the connection mechanism 40 to the first cell 10 depending on the temperature of the first cell 10. The discharge circuit 45 is, for example, a capacitor or a resistor. The resistance of the discharge circuit 45 may be smaller or larger than the resistance of the first cell 10. It only needs to have a resistance value that allows current to flow through the discharge circuit 45, for example, four times the resistance of the first cell 10. This allows more current to flow through the discharge circuit 45 than through the first cell 10, preventing excessive current from flowing through the first cell 10. The discharge circuit 45 is connected in parallel with the first cell 10.

[0019] The flow of events in the battery module according to this embodiment will be explained using the flowchart in Figure 2 and the schematic diagrams in Figures 4 to 6 that show the connection structure of the first cell 10 and its surroundings. Note that the flowchart in Figure 2 is just one example, and the order of events is not limited as long as the desired results can be obtained. The first cutoff mechanism 30 is located between the positive electrode of the first cell 10 and the positive electrode of the second cell 20, on the side of the first cell 10 (30A), and the connection mechanism 40 is located between the positive electrode of the first cell 10 and the discharge circuit 45 (40A). The temperature of the first cell 10 can be constantly measured with a temperature sensor or thermosensor.

[0020] In S2, if the temperature of the first cell 10 reaches or exceeds the first temperature (YES), the process proceeds to S3. If the temperature of the first cell 10 has not reached the first temperature (NO), S2 is repeated. The connection structure around the first cell 10 at this time is shown in Figure 4, and the first cell 10 is electrically connected to the second cell 20. On the other hand, the connection mechanism 40 disconnects the first cell 10 from the discharge circuit 45.

[0021] In S3, the first interruption mechanism 30 interrupts the connection between the first cell 10 and the second cell 20. Specifically, the first interruption mechanism 30 interrupts the circuit at 30A. The connection structure around the first cell 10 is shown in Figure 5, since the temperature of the first cell 10 is above the first temperature and below the second temperature. The connection between the first cell 10 and the second cell is broken. The first cell 10 is also broken from the discharge circuit 45.

[0022] In S4, if the temperature of the first cell 10 reaches or exceeds the second temperature (YES), proceed to S5. If the temperature of the first cell 10 has not reached the second temperature (NO), repeat S4. The connection structure around the first cell 10 is shown in Figure 5.

[0023] In S5, the connection mechanism 40 discharges the first cell 10. Specifically, the connection mechanism 40 connects the first cell 10 to the discharge circuit 45. The connection structure around the first cell 10 is shown in Figure 6, since the temperature of the first cell 10 is above the second temperature. The first cell 10 is not connected to the second cell 20. On the other hand, the first cell 10 is connected to the discharge circuit 45. This discharge can lower the SOC of the first cell 10. When the SOC of the first cell 10 falls below 50%, a rapid temperature rise in the first cell 10 becomes less likely.

[0024] The first and second temperatures are described below. The first and second temperatures are set to be higher than the temperature during normal operation, but lower than the temperature at which a rapid temperature rise occurs in the first cell 10. The second temperature is set to be higher than the first temperature. Normal operation refers to the state in which the first cell 10 has not yet reached the exothermic onset temperature described later. Whether the temperature is higher than the temperature during normal operation can be measured in advance using, for example, a DSC, an adiabatic runaway reaction calorimetry (ARC), or the current and voltage flowing through the battery module 1, and the temperature range for normal operation can be set according to the configuration of the battery module. This measurement can be used as a reference when setting the first and second temperatures. A rapid temperature rise refers to a state in which an exothermic reaction occurs in a chain reaction, and the temperature at which a rapid temperature rise begins is higher than the exothermic onset temperature at which exothermic heating gradually begins. To more reliably mitigate a rapid temperature rise, it is desirable that the second temperature be lower than the exothermic onset temperature at which exothermic heating gradually begins. The exothermic onset temperature can be measured using a DSC or ARC. In DSC, for example, the temperature at which the heat generation becomes greater than 0 can be defined as the heat generation start temperature. In ARC, for example, the temperature at which the temperature rises by 0.02°C per minute can be defined as the heat generation start temperature. The first temperature can be defined as, for example, the temperature obtained by subtracting the temperature difference between the first shut-off mechanism 30 and the connection mechanism 40 from the second temperature. When calculating the first temperature, the error of the temperature sensor may be taken into consideration. If the first cell 10 is a lithium-ion secondary battery, the first temperature is, for example, 130°C and the second temperature is, for example, 150°C.

[0025] By disconnecting the connection between the first cell 10 and other single cells before discharging, it is possible to prevent crosscurrents from occurring between the first cell 10 and the second cell 20. Furthermore, by discharging only the first cell 10, the heat generated by the entire battery module 1 can be suppressed.

[0026] The first interruption mechanism 30, the connection mechanism 40, and the discharge circuit 45 can also be installed in the second cell 20. The locations for installing the first interruption mechanism 30, the connection mechanism 40, and the discharge circuit 45 in the second cell 20 will be explained with reference to Figure 7. The discharge circuit 45 is connected in parallel with the second cell 20, as in the case of the first cell 10. 30E is located between the positive electrode of the second cell 20 and the positive electrode of the first cell 10, and is installed on the circuit on the second cell 20 side. 30F is located between the negative electrode of the second cell 20 and the negative electrode of the first cell 10, and is installed on the circuit on the second cell 20 side. 40C is installed between the positive electrode of the second cell 20 and the discharge circuit 45. 40D is installed between the negative electrode of the second cell 20 and the discharge circuit 45.

[0027] The first and second temperatures can be changed as appropriate depending on the design of the first cell 10 and the surrounding environment.

[0028] From here on, we will describe the cases in which each component is used in the first disconnection mechanism and the connection mechanism. First, we will describe a battery module in which the first disconnection mechanism is made of metal and the connection mechanism is made of an insulator.

[0029] The metal used for the first circuit breaker is a metal that melts at a temperature of 1 or higher. The insulator used for the connection mechanism is an insulator that melts at a temperature of 2 or higher.

[0030] Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the connection structure of each component in a battery module 1 according to an embodiment. In this embodiment, the battery module 1 includes a first cell 10, a second cell 20, a metal 31, cell terminals 33, a first busbar 34A, a second busbar 34B, a substrate terminal 35, a circuit board 37, an insulator 41, and a discharge circuit 45. The first cell 10 and the second cell 20 are connected to the first busbar 34A via the cell terminals 33. The first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B are connected via the metal 31 when the first cell 10 is below a first temperature. The first busbar 34A and the substrate terminal 35 are disconnected when the first cell 10 is below a second temperature. The substrate terminal 35 mechanically connects the discharge circuit 45 and the insulator 41 via the circuit board 37. The substrate terminal 35 and the discharge circuit 45 are electrically connected. The circuit board terminals 35 and the insulator 41 are electrically conductive below the second temperature. The discharge circuit 45 is located on the opposite side of the first cell 10 and the second cell 20 via the circuit board 37 so as not to transfer heat to the first cell 10 and the second cell 20.

[0031] When the metal 31 and the insulator 41 melt, the connection state between the first busbar 34 and the second busbar 34B can be changed. As a way to more clearly change the connection state, grooves 38 and cavities 39 can be provided, for example, as shown in Figures 9 and 10.

[0032] Metal 31 mechanically connects the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B when the temperature of the first cell 10 is below the first temperature. This connects the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B at various temperatures, with Figure 9A showing the case below the first temperature and Figure 9B showing the case above the first temperature. A groove 38 is provided in the second busbar 34B, and when the temperature of the first cell 10 rises above the first temperature, metal 31 melts. Metal 31 melts at, for example, 140°C or below. Metal 31 is, for example, a SnBi alloy, a SnIn alloy, or a SnZn alloy.

[0033] The insulator 41 mechanically connects with the first busbar 34A and the substrate terminal 35 when the temperature of the first cell 10 is below the second temperature. This causes the insulator 41 to isolate the first busbar 34A from the substrate terminal 35. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the first busbar 34A and the substrate terminal 35 at various temperatures, with Figure 10A showing the case below the second temperature and Figure 10B showing the case above the second temperature. A cavity 39 is provided in the substrate terminal 35, and the insulator 41 melts when the temperature of the first cell 10 reaches or exceeds the second temperature. The insulator 41 melts at, for example, 160°C or below. The insulator 41 can be made of, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, vinyl chloride resin, polycarbonate, or polyacetal.

[0034] The grooves 38 and cavities 39 serve to contain the molten metal 31 and insulator 41. The shape of the grooves 38 and cavities 39 is not important, as long as the metal 31 and insulator 41 can detach from their respective connection points and become electrically conductive or disconnected. By providing the grooves 38 and cavities 39, the molten metal 31 and insulator 41 do not remain in their original locations but move into the grooves 38 and cavities 39, making it possible to quickly establish and break electrical conductivity. In addition to the grooves 38 and cavities 39, the conductivity or disconnection of each connection point can also be appropriately controlled by adjusting, for example, the spacing between the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B.

[0035] The metal 31 is installed at the location where the first circuit breaker 30 is located, and can be installed at least one of 30A, 30B, 30C, and 30D in Figure 3. The insulator 41 is installed at the location where the connection mechanism 40 is located, and can be installed at least one of 40A and 40B in Figure 3.

[0036] Figure 3 illustrates desirable positional combinations for the arrangement of the metal 31 and the insulator 41. When the metal 31 is located at 30A, it is desirable that the insulator 41 be located at 40A. When the metal 31 is located at 30B, it is desirable that the insulator 41 be located at 40B. By arranging the metal 31 and the insulator 41 in these positions, the metal 31 and the insulator 41 refer to similar temperature ranges, causing the metal 31 to melt before the insulator 41 melts. As a result, the first cell 10 can be connected to the discharge circuit 45 with a more reliable circuit interruption. Thus, the battery module 1 can be operated with greater reliability. Note that the metal 31 and the insulator 41 may be located at different positions; for example, the metal 31 may be located at 30A and the insulator 41 at 40B.

[0037] The melting temperature of the metal 31 and the insulator 41 can be controlled by changing their composition.

[0038] The flow of events in the battery module according to the embodiment will be explained. Figure 11 is a flowchart showing a modified example of the flow of events in the battery module according to the embodiment. It is assumed that the temperature of the first cell 10 gradually rises and that events occur in the order of each step.

[0039] In S12, if the temperature of the first cell 10 reaches or exceeds the first temperature (YES), the process proceeds to S13. If the temperature of the first cell 10 has not reached the first temperature (NO), S12 is repeated. At this time, the connection structure between the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B is shown in Figure 9A, and the connection structure between the first busbar 34A and the board terminal 35 is shown in Figure 10A. The first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B are connected, but the first busbar 34A and the board terminal 35 are not connected.

[0040] In S13, when the temperature of the first cell 10 reaches the first temperature, the metal 31 melts and the connection between the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B is broken. When the metal 31 melts, it moves into the groove 38. It is sufficient if the connection between the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B is broken, even if the entire metal 31 does not move into the groove 38. The connection structure between the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B at this time is shown in Figure 9B, since the temperature of the first cell 10 is above the first temperature and below the second temperature, and the connection structure between the first busbar 34A and the substrate terminal 35 is shown in Figure 10A.

[0041] In S14, if the temperature of the first cell 10 reaches or exceeds the second temperature (YES), proceed to S15. If the temperature of the first cell 10 has not reached the second temperature (NO), repeat S14. The connection structure between the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B at this time is shown in Figure 9B, and the connection structure between the first busbar 34A and the board terminal 35 is shown in Figure 10A.

[0042] In S15, when the temperature of the first cell 10 reaches the second temperature, the insulator 41 melts and connects the first busbar 34A to the substrate terminal 35. When the insulator 41 melts, it moves into the cavity 39. It is sufficient if the first busbar 34A and the substrate terminal 35 are connected, even if the entire insulator 41 does not move into the cavity 39. The connection structure between the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B at this time is shown in Figure 9B, and the connection structure between the first busbar 34A and the substrate terminal 35 is shown in Figure 10B.

[0043] By using metals or insulators in this way, it is possible to interrupt or connect circuits without installing any new components.

[0044] Next, we will describe a case in which a control circuit is provided in the battery module, a first interruption circuit is used in the first interruption mechanism, and a connection circuit is used in the connection mechanism.

[0045] Figure 12 is a block diagram showing an example of a schematic diagram of a battery module 1 according to an embodiment. The battery module 1 according to the embodiment includes a control circuit 2, a charge / discharge circuit 3, a storage medium 4, a measurement unit 5, a power supply 6, a cell group 100, a first cutoff circuit 32, and a connection circuit 42. The storage medium 4 stores a data management program 401 that can manage the inflow and outflow of data, a battery measurement program 410 for measuring the SOC, voltage, and temperature of the first cell 10 and the second cell 20 in the cell group 100, and a battery control program 420 for controlling the first cell 10 and the second cell 20. The measurement unit 5 includes a current measurement circuit 51 for measuring the current of the first cell 10 and the second cell 20, a voltage measurement circuit 52 for measuring the voltage of the first cell 10 and the second cell 20, a temperature sensor 53A, and a timer 54. The battery module 1 may further include a temperature sensor 53B and a user interface 7.

[0046] The battery measurement program 410 includes a temperature acquisition program 411 for acquiring the temperature of the first cell 10. The battery control program 420 includes a first temperature determination program 421 for comparing the temperature of the first cell 10 with a first temperature, a circuit disconnection program 422 for disconnecting the connection between the first cell 10 and the second cell 20, a second temperature determination program 423 for comparing the temperature of the first cell 10 with a second temperature, and a discharge circuit connection program 424 for connecting the first cell 10 to the discharge circuit 45. The programs included in the battery control program 420 do not need to be stored in the storage medium 4. For example, multiple programs stored in the storage medium 4 may each be stored in a different storage medium, or they may be run in the cloud. Also, multiple programs stored in the storage medium 4 may be executed by a device including multiple control circuits 2 or external control circuits.

[0047] Battery module 1 is a device equipped with a lithium-ion secondary battery, and examples of such devices include large-scale energy storage systems for power grids, smartphones, vehicles, stationary power supply units, and robots. Examples of vehicles that can serve as battery module 1 include railway cars, electric buses, electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles, and electric motorcycles.

[0048] The control circuit 2 is composed of a processor or integrated circuit, and the processor or other components comprising the control circuit 2 include any of the following: CPU (Central Processing Unit), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), microcontroller (Microcontroller Unit), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), and DSP (Digital Signal Processor). The control circuit 2 may be composed of one processor or multiple processors. The control circuit 2 reads and executes a program stored in the storage medium 4 and controls the charging and discharging of the cell group 100 via the charge / discharge circuit 3. For example, the control circuit 2 switches the state of the charge / discharge circuit 3 to switch between a state in which the cell group 100 is being charged and a state in which the cell group 100 is being discharged. Also, when the cell group 100 is being charged, the control circuit 2 controls the driving of the power supply 6 that supplies power to the cell group 100 and the charging and discharging by the charge / discharge circuit 3, and adjusts the magnitude of the current input to the cell group 100.

[0049] The control circuit 2 reads and executes the battery measurement program 410 from the storage medium 4 and measures the State of Charge (SOC) of a single cell within the cell group 100. The control circuit 2 can acquire measurement results of parameters related to the single cell within the cell group 100, including data on the current and voltage values ​​of the single cell within the cell group 100, from the measurement unit 5, and input the measurement data, including these measurement results, and the calculated SOC data into the storage medium 4. The measurement data includes the measured value and the amount of change (time history) at each of multiple measurement points. Furthermore, the measurement data may also include the amount of change (time history) of the current of a single cell within the cell group 100, the amount of change (time history) of the voltage of a single cell within the cell group 100, and the amount of change (time history) of the temperature of a single cell within the cell group 100. The control circuit 2 also reads and executes the battery control program 420 from the storage medium 4 and performs the processing described later.

[0050] The charge / discharge circuit 3 is equipped with, for example, an AC / DC converter and a transformer circuit. In the charge / discharge circuit 3, the AC / DC converter converts the AC power from the power supply 6 into DC power, and the transformer circuit transforms the voltage of the power supplied from the power supply 6 to a voltage corresponding to the cell group 100. As a result, DC power at the voltage corresponding to the cell group 100 is supplied to the cell group 100, and a charging current is input to the cell group 100.

[0051] The storage medium 4 is a storage device referred to as the main memory or auxiliary memory. Examples of storage medium 4 include magnetic disks, optical disks (CD-ROM, CD-R, DVD, etc.), magneto-optical disks (MO, etc.), and semiconductor memory. The battery module 1 may be provided with only one memory or more storage mediums 4. The storage medium 4 stores data such as programs executed by the control circuit 2, data resulting from the execution of programs, and measurement results from the measurement unit 5.

[0052] In the battery module 1, a battery management unit (BMU) is configured by the control circuit 2 and the storage medium 4, etc. In other words, the battery management unit can control the first cutoff circuit 32 and the connection circuit 42.

[0053] The measurement unit 5 can detect and measure parameters related to the cell group 100 at multiple measurement points, such as when the cell group 100 is being charged or discharged.

[0054] The current measurement circuit 51 acquires the current value of a single cell within the cell group 100.

[0055] The voltage measurement circuit 52 acquires the voltage value of a single cell within the cell group 100.

[0056] The temperature sensor 53A is attached directly to the first cell 10 to acquire the temperature of the first cell 10. It is desirable that the temperature sensor 53A be located near the first shut-off circuit 32 and the connection circuit 42. If the battery module 1 has multiple temperature sensors 53A, it is desirable that they be installed at least near the first shut-off circuit 32 and near the connection circuit 42, and that the multiple temperature sensors 53A be located close to each other. This allows the control of the battery module 1 to refer to similar temperature ranges, more reliably shut off the circuit when the first temperature is reached, and connect to the discharge circuit 45 when the second temperature is reached. Therefore, more reliable control of the battery module 1 becomes possible. The temperature sensor 53B is attached to the second cell 20. The temperature sensor 53A may be, for example, a thermosensor. The interval for acquiring temperature information is, for example, 120 milliseconds or more. Timer 54 can measure the time when the current value, voltage value, or temperature of a single cell within the cell group 100 is acquired.

[0057] The user interface 7 can output information related to the information processing of individual cells within the cell group 100, and can also receive input related to the information processing of individual cells within the cell group 100 from users of the battery module 1. Therefore, the user interface 7 is provided with an output device that outputs information related to the information processing of individual cells within the cell group 100. The output device outputs information externally through screen displays, sound emission, vibration, etc. The output device can also receive instructions from the control circuit 2 and output information such as the heat generated by individual cells within the cell group 100 to the user. Furthermore, the user interface 7 is provided with an input device for the user to input operations. The input device consists of one or more of the following: buttons, a mouse, a touch panel and keyboard, a voice input device, etc. Note that the user interface 7 may be provided separately from the battery module 1.

[0058] The first interruption circuit 32 changes the connection state of the first cell 10 based on information from the control circuit 2. The connection state of the first cell 10 can be controlled by the control circuit 2, for example, the first interruption circuit 32. The first interruption circuit 32 is installed at the location where the first interruption mechanism 30 is located, and can be installed at least one of 30A, 30B, 30C, and 30D in Figure 3.

[0059] The connection circuit 42 changes the connection state of the first cell 10 based on information from the control circuit 2. The connection circuit 42 can control the connection state of the first cell 10, for example, by the control circuit 2. The connection circuit 42 is installed at the location where the connection mechanism 40 is located, and can be installed at least one of 40A and 40B in Figure 3.

[0060] The first disconnection circuit 32 and the connection circuit 42 can switch the connection state of the circuits and include, for example, relays. The first disconnection circuit 32 and the connection circuit 42 include, for example, contact relays.

[0061] The flow of events in the battery module according to the embodiment will be explained. Figure 13 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of events in the battery module according to the embodiment. Note that this flowchart is just one example, and the order of control is not limited as long as the required control results can be obtained. In addition, each processing result may be sequentially stored in the storage medium 4, and each step may obtain the processing result by referring to the storage medium 4.

[0062] In S21, the location where the first interruption circuit 32 is installed is conductive, and the first cell 10 is connected to the second cell 20. On the other hand, the location where the connection circuit 42 is installed is open, and no current flows from the first cell 10 to the discharge circuit 45.

[0063] In S22, the control circuit 2 reads and executes the temperature acquisition program 411, thereby acquiring information about the temperature of the first cell 10 using the temperature sensor 53A.

[0064] In S23, the control circuit 2 reads and executes the first temperature determination program 421 to compare the temperature obtained in S22 with the first temperature. If the temperature obtained in S22 is greater than or equal to the first temperature (YES), the process proceeds to S24; otherwise, it returns to S22.

[0065] In S24, the control circuit 2 reads and executes the circuit interruption program 422, thereby controlling the first interruption circuit 32 and disconnecting the circuit at the location where the first interruption circuit 32 is installed. As a result, the first cell 10 is isolated from the second cell 20. If the first interruption circuit 32 is installed in multiple locations, the control circuit 2 can control multiple first interruption circuits 32.

[0066] In S25, the control circuit 2 reads and executes the temperature acquisition program 411, thereby acquiring information about the temperature of the first cell 10 using the temperature sensor 53A.

[0067] In S26, the control circuit 2 reads and executes the second temperature determination program 423 to compare the temperature obtained in S25 with the second temperature. If the temperature obtained in S25 is greater than or equal to the second temperature (YES), the process proceeds to S27; otherwise, it is less than the second temperature (NO), the process returns to S25.

[0068] In S27, the control circuit 2 reads and executes the discharge circuit connection program 424, thereby controlling the connection circuit 42 to make the area where the connection circuit 42 is installed electrically conductive. As a result, the first cell 10 is connected to the discharge circuit 45.

[0069] By controlling the connection state of the circuit using a control circuit in this way, it is possible to respond quickly to temperature changes.

[0070] Next, a battery module in which the first shut-off mechanism 30 is a metal 31 and the connection mechanism 40 is a connection circuit 42 will be described. In the battery module according to the embodiment shown in Figure 14, the first temperature determination program 421 and the circuit shut-off program 422, and the first shut-off circuit 32 are removed from the battery control program 420 of Figure 12, and a metal 31 is newly added. The locations where the metal 31 and the connection circuit 42 are arranged are the same as those described in the first and second embodiments.

[0071] The flow of events in the battery module according to the embodiment will be explained. Figure 15 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of events in the battery module according to the embodiment.

[0072] In S32, if the temperature of the first cell 10 reaches or exceeds the first temperature (YES), the process proceeds to S33. If the temperature of the first cell 10 has not reached the first temperature (NO), S32 is repeated. In this case, the connection structure between the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B is shown in Figure 9A, and the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B are connected. On the other hand, the first busbar 34A is not connected to the board terminal 35.

[0073] In S33, when the temperature of the first cell 10 reaches the first temperature, the metal 31 melts and the connection between the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B is broken. When the metal 31 melts, it is stored in the groove 38. It is sufficient if the connection between the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B is broken, even if the entire metal 31 does not move into the groove 38. The connection structure between the first busbar 34A and the second busbar 34B at this time is shown in Figure 9B, since the temperature of the first cell 10 is above the first temperature and below the second temperature.

[0074] In S34, the control circuit 2 reads and executes the temperature acquisition program 411, thereby acquiring information about the temperature of the first cell 10 using the temperature sensor 53A.

[0075] In S35, the control circuit 2 reads and executes the second temperature determination program 423 to compare the temperature obtained in S35 with the second temperature. If the temperature obtained in S35 is greater than or equal to the second temperature (YES), the process proceeds to S36; otherwise, it is less than the second temperature (NO), the process returns to S34.

[0076] In S36, the control circuit 2 reads and executes the discharge circuit connection program 424, thereby controlling the connection circuit 42 to make the area where the connection circuit 42 is installed electrically conductive. As a result, the first cell 10 is connected to the discharge circuit 45.

[0077] (Second embodiment) The battery module in the second embodiment has a second shutoff mechanism in addition to the battery module described above. Here, the case in which there are multiple cell groups 100 within the battery module 1 will be explained with reference to Figure 16.

[0078] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram showing the connections between individual cells of battery module 1. Battery module 1 has 12 cell groups, and the cell groups are connected in series. The second interruption mechanism 50 interrupts the connection between cell group 100 and other cell groups according to the magnitude of the current. The second interruption mechanism is, for example, a fuse. It is desirable that the second interruption mechanism does not operate during normal operation when the aforementioned heat generation start temperature has not been reached, but operates when the current is concentrated.

[0079] The possible locations for installing the second circuit breaker will now be described. The second circuit breaker 50 can be located between the negative terminal of the first cell 10 and the negative terminal of the second cell 20, and can be installed on the side of the second cell 20. Alternatively, the second circuit breaker 50 can be located between the positive terminal of the first cell 10 and the positive terminal of the second cell 20, and can be installed on the side of the second cell 20.

[0080] If the battery module 1 has multiple cell groups 100 as shown in Figure 16, the second interruption mechanism 50 may be located in only one place for the entire battery module 1. For example, in the battery module 1 of Figure 16, the second interruption mechanism 50 can be installed at the start or end (50A) of the multiple cell groups 100 which are module terminals. This will interrupt the current for the entire battery module 1 and prevent further temperature rise of the battery module 1. When the second interruption mechanism 50 is installed at 50A, the second interruption mechanism 50 may be a switch such as an FET (Field-Effect Transistor) or a relay.

[0081] When the first cell 10 exceeds the first temperature and the connection between the first cell 10 and the second cell 20 and other cell groups is interrupted, the current that was flowing through the first cell 10 will flow to the second cell 20. This could cause a rapid temperature rise in the second cell 20, but the inclusion of a second interruption mechanism can prevent such a rapid temperature increase.

[0082] In the battery module according to the embodiment, a case in which a group of cells having a parallel connection structure is formed by two single cells has been described. The battery module according to the embodiment may, for example, form a group of cells having a parallel connection structure by three or more single cells.

[0083] Furthermore, although the battery module according to the embodiment has been described in the case where there is one cell group, there may be two or more cell groups. The battery module may have a series connection structure in which multiple cell groups are connected in series, a parallel connection structure in which cell groups are connected in parallel, or both a series connection structure and a parallel connection structure. When there are multiple cell groups in the battery module, in Figure 7, it is desirable that the first cutoff circuit 32 is present in both one of 30A and 30B and one of 30E and 30F, so that the control circuit 2 can control multiple first cutoff circuits 32. Alternatively, it is desirable that the first cutoff circuit 32 is present in either 30C or 30D. This prevents excessive current from flowing from other cell groups to the second cell 20 and causing a rapid rise in temperature, even if, for example, the first cell 10 reaches a temperature above the first temperature.

[0084] Furthermore, the battery module may take the form of a battery string, a battery array, or the like, in which multiple battery modules are electrically connected. Also, in a battery module in which groups of cells are electrically connected, each of the cell groups may be controlled individually, or a portion of the cell groups may be grouped together and controlled separately for each group.

[0085] An example in which a metal 31 is used for the first interruption mechanism 30 and a connecting circuit 42 is used for the connecting mechanism 40 has been described, but it is also possible to use a first interruption circuit 32 for the first interruption mechanism 30 and an insulator 41 for the connecting mechanism 40.

[0086] (Third embodiment) According to a third embodiment, a vehicle is provided, which is equipped with a battery module according to the embodiment.

[0087] In the vehicle according to the third embodiment, the battery module recovers, for example, regenerative energy from the vehicle's power. The vehicle may also include a mechanism (regenerator) that converts the vehicle's kinetic energy into regenerative energy.

[0088] Examples of vehicles according to the third embodiment include, for example, two-wheeled or four-wheeled hybrid electric vehicles, two-wheeled or four-wheeled electric vehicles, electric assist bicycles, and railway vehicles.

[0089] The mounting location of the battery module in the vehicle according to the third embodiment is not particularly limited. For example, when the battery module is mounted in an automobile, it can be mounted in the engine compartment, at the rear of the vehicle, or under the seats.

[0090] A vehicle according to the third embodiment may be equipped with multiple battery modules. In this case, if each battery module includes a group of cells consisting of multiple single cells, the cell groups may be connected in series, in parallel, or a combination of series and parallel connections.

[0091] Next, an example of a vehicle according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0092] Figure 17 is a schematic partial transparency diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to the third embodiment.

[0093] The vehicle 600 shown in Figure 17 includes a vehicle body 60 and a battery module according to the embodiment. In the example shown in the figure, the vehicle 600 is a four-wheeled automobile.

[0094] This vehicle 600 may be equipped with multiple battery modules 1. In this case, the cell groups included in the battery module 1 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a combination of series and parallel connections.

[0095] Figure 17 illustrates an example in which the battery module 1 is mounted in the engine compartment located in front of the vehicle body 60. As described above, the battery module 1 may also be mounted, for example, in the rear of the vehicle body 60 or under the seats. This battery module 1 can be used as a power source for the vehicle 600. In addition, this battery module 1 can recover regenerative energy from the vehicle 600's power.

[0096] Next, an embodiment of the vehicle according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to Figure 18.

[0097] Figure 18 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a control system for the electrical system in a vehicle according to the third embodiment. The vehicle 600 shown in Figure 18 is an electric vehicle.

[0098] The vehicle 600 shown in Figure 18 comprises a vehicle body 60, a vehicle power supply 61, an electric control unit (ECU) 62 which is a higher-level control device for the vehicle power supply 61, an external terminal (terminal for connecting to an external power supply) 63, an inverter 64, and a drive motor 65.

[0099] Vehicle 600 has a vehicle power supply 61 mounted, for example, in the engine compartment, at the rear of the vehicle body, or under the seats. Note that in vehicle 600 shown in Figure 18, the mounting location of the vehicle power supply 61 is shown in a schematic manner.

[0100] The vehicle power supply 61 comprises a plurality (for example, three) battery modules 1a, 1b, and 1c, a battery management device 611, and a communication bus 612.

[0101] Battery modules 1a, 1b, and 1c are battery modules similar to the aforementioned battery module 1 and are connected in series with it.

[0102] Battery modules 1a, 1b, and 1c can each be removed independently and replaced with another battery module 1.

[0103] Battery modules 1a, 1b, and 1c are charged and discharged through the positive terminal 613 and negative terminal 614, respectively.

[0104] Battery modules 1a to 1c measure the voltage and temperature of each individual cell constituting the battery module based on commands communicated from the battery management device 611. However, temperature can be measured at only a few locations per battery module, and it is not necessary to measure the temperature of all individual cells. If battery modules 1a to 1c do not have the aforementioned control circuits and measurement units, they can be newly equipped with module monitoring devices 601a (e.g., VTM: Voltage Temperature Monitoring), 601b, and 601c, respectively. Module monitoring devices 601a to 601c communicate with the battery management device 611, which will be described later. This section will explain the case where module monitoring devices 601a to 601c are not present.

[0105] The battery management device 611 communicates with battery modules 1a to 1c and collects information such as voltage and temperature for each single cell contained in battery modules 1a to 1c included in the vehicle power supply 61. In this way, the battery management device 611 collects information related to the maintenance of the vehicle power supply 61.

[0106] The battery management device 611 and the battery modules 1a, 1b, and 1c are connected via a communication bus 612. On the communication bus 612, one set of communication lines is shared by multiple nodes (the battery management device 611 and one or more battery modules 1a to 1c). The communication bus 612 is a communication bus configured, for example, based on the CAN (Control Area Network) standard.

[0107] The vehicle power supply 61 may also have an electromagnetic contactor (for example, a switch device 615 shown in Figure 18) that switches the connection between the positive terminal 613 and the negative terminal 614. The switch device 615 includes a pre-charge switch (not shown) that turns on when charging is performed to the battery modules 1a to 1c, and a main switch (not shown) that turns on when the output from the battery modules 1a to 1c is supplied to the load. Each of the pre-charge switch and the main switch includes a relay circuit (not shown) that switches on or off by a signal supplied to a coil located near the switch element. Electromagnetic contactors such as the switch device 615 are controlled based on a control signal from the battery management device 611 or the electrical control device 62 that controls the operation of the entire vehicle 600.

[0108] The inverter 64 converts the input DC voltage into a three-phase alternating current (AC) high voltage for motor drive. The three-phase output terminals of the inverter 64 are connected to the three-phase input terminals of the drive motor 65. The inverter 64 is controlled based on control signals from the battery management device 611 or the electrical control device 62 for controlling the operation of the entire vehicle. The output voltage from the inverter 64 is adjusted as the inverter 64 is controlled.

[0109] The drive motor 65 rotates using power supplied from the inverter 64. The driving force generated by the rotation of the drive motor 65 is transmitted to the axle and drive wheels W, for example, via a differential gear unit.

[0110] Although not shown in the diagram, vehicle 600 is also equipped with a regenerative braking mechanism (regenerator). The regenerative braking mechanism rotates the drive motor 65 when vehicle 600 is braked, converting kinetic energy into regenerative energy as electrical energy. The regenerative energy recovered by the regenerative braking mechanism is input to the inverter 64 and converted into a DC current. The converted DC current is input to the vehicle power supply 61.

[0111] One terminal of connection line L1 is connected to the negative terminal 614 of the vehicle power supply 61. The other terminal of connection line L1 is connected to the negative input terminal 617 of the inverter 64. A current detection unit (current detection circuit) 616 within the battery management device 611 is provided on connection line L1 between the negative terminal 614 and the negative input terminal 617.

[0112] One terminal of connection line L2 is connected to the positive terminal 613 of the vehicle power supply 61. The other terminal of connection line L2 is connected to the positive input terminal 618 of the inverter 64. A switch device 615 is provided between the positive terminal 613 and the positive input terminal 618 of connection line L2.

[0113] External terminal 63 is connected to the battery management device 611. External terminal 63 can be connected to an external power supply, for example.

[0114] The electrical control device 62, in response to operational inputs from the driver or other users, coordinates control of the vehicle power supply 61, the switch device 615, and the inverter 64, etc., together with other management devices and control devices, including the battery management device 611. Through the coordinated control of the electrical control device 62, etc., the output of power from the vehicle power supply 61 and the charging of the vehicle power supply 61 are controlled, and the entire vehicle 600 is managed. Data related to the maintenance of the vehicle power supply 61, such as the remaining capacity of the vehicle power supply 61, is transferred between the battery management device 611 and the electrical control device 62 via a communication line.

[0115] According to the one or more embodiments and examples described above, a battery module is provided comprising: a cell group in which a first cell and a second cell are connected in parallel; a first disconnection mechanism that disconnects the connection between the first cell and the second cell when the temperature of the first cell is at or above a first temperature; and a connection mechanism that connects the first cell to a discharge circuit when the temperature of the first cell is at or above a second temperature, which is higher than the first temperature. The battery module according to the embodiment can provide a battery module that can mitigate a rapid rise in temperature.

[0116] In this specification, embodiments have been described using lithium-ion secondary batteries as an example of a single cell, but the type of single cell is not limited to lithium-ion secondary batteries and can include nickel-metal hydride batteries, etc.

[0117] While several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These novel embodiments can be carried out in a variety of other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their variations are included in the scope and spirit of the invention, as well as in the claims and their equivalents.

[0118] The invention of the embodiment is described below.

[0119] <1> In a group of cells in which the first cell and the second cell are connected in parallel, A first disconnection mechanism disconnects the connection between the first cell and the second cell when the temperature of the first cell is equal to or greater than a first temperature, When the temperature of the first cell is higher than the first temperature (a second temperature or higher), a connection mechanism is provided to connect the first cell to a discharge circuit. A battery module equipped with the following features.

[0120] <2> The first blocking mechanism is a metal that melts at a temperature above the first temperature, The connection mechanism is an insulator that melts at the second temperature or higher. <1> The battery module described above.

[0121] <3> The first interruption mechanism is a first interruption circuit, and the connection mechanism is a connection circuit. <1> The battery module described above.

[0122] <4> The control circuit acquires information regarding the temperature of the first cell, If the temperature of the first cell is equal to or greater than the first temperature, the connection between the first cell and the second cell is disconnected based on information from the control circuit. If the temperature of the first cell is equal to or higher than the second temperature, the first cell and the discharge circuit are connected based on information from the connection circuit. <3> The battery module described above.

[0123] <5> The first interruption mechanism is either a metal that melts at a temperature above the first temperature, or a first interruption circuit that operates based on information from a control circuit. The connection mechanism is either an insulator that melts at the second temperature or higher, or a connection circuit that operates based on information from the control circuit. The control circuit is capable of acquiring information regarding the temperature of the first cell. <1> The battery module described above.

[0124] <6> A second disconnection mechanism that disconnects the cell group from other single cells in the battery module, Furthermore, <1> from <5> A battery module as described in any one of the items.

[0125] <7> <1> from <6> A vehicle equipped with a battery module as described in any one of the items. [Explanation of symbols]

[0126] 1 Battery Module 2 Control circuits 3 Charge / discharge circuit 4 Storage medium 5. Measurement Unit 6 Power supply 7. User Interface 10 Cell 1 20 Cell 2 30. First Shut-off Mechanism 31 metal 32 First circuit breaker 33 Cell terminals 34A First Bus Bar 34B Second Bus Bar 35 PCB terminals 37 Circuit boards 38 Groove 39 Cavity 40 Connection mechanism 41 Insulator 42 Connection Circuits 45 Discharge circuit 50 Second circuit breaker mechanism 51 Current measurement circuit 52 Voltage Measurement Circuit 53A Temperature Sensor 54 timer 60 Vehicle Body 61 Vehicle power supply 62 Electrical control device 63 External terminals 64 Inverters 65 Drive motor 100 cell group 401 Data Management Program 410 Battery Measurement Program 411 Temperature acquisition program 420 Battery Control Program 421 First Temperature Determination Program 422 Circuit Breakdown Program 423 Second Temperature Determination Program 424 Discharge Circuit Connection Program 600 vehicles 601a~601c Module Monitoring Device 611 Battery management device 612 Communications Bus 613 Positive terminal 614 Negative terminal 615 Switching device 616 Current detection unit 617 Negative input terminal 618 Positive input terminal L1 connection line L2 connection line

Claims

1. In a group of cells in which the first cell and the second cell are connected in parallel, A first disconnection mechanism disconnects the connection between the first cell and the second cell when the temperature of the first cell is equal to or greater than a first temperature, When the temperature of the first cell is higher than the first temperature (a second temperature or higher), a connection mechanism is provided to connect the first cell to the discharge circuit. A battery module equipped with the following features.

2. The first blocking mechanism is a metal that melts at a temperature above the first temperature, The connection mechanism is an insulator that melts at the second temperature or higher. The battery module according to claim 1.

3. The first interruption mechanism is a first interruption circuit, and the connection mechanism is a connection circuit. The battery module according to claim 1.

4. The control circuit acquires information regarding the temperature of the first cell, If the temperature of the first cell is equal to or greater than the first temperature, the connection between the first cell and the second cell is disconnected based on information from the control circuit. If the temperature of the first cell is equal to or higher than the second temperature, the first cell and the discharge circuit are connected based on information from the control circuit. The battery module according to claim 3.

5. The first interruption mechanism is either a metal that melts at a temperature above the first temperature, or a first interruption circuit that operates based on information from a control circuit. The connection mechanism is either an insulator that melts at the second temperature or higher, or a connection circuit that operates based on information from the control circuit. The control circuit is capable of acquiring information regarding the temperature of the first cell, The battery module according to claim 1.

6. A second disconnection mechanism that disconnects the cell group from other single cells in the battery module, The battery module according to claim 1, further comprising:

7. A vehicle comprising the battery module described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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