Casing assembly interference determination apparatus and method

Abstract

The casing assembly interference determination device and method enable high-precision estimation of interference during casing assembly. [Solution] An assembly interference determination device for a casing configured by connecting a lower half and an upper half comprises: a 3D measurement data acquisition unit that acquires 3D measurement data by 3D measuring the shape of a bolt provided in either the lower half or the upper half and the shape of a bolt hole provided in the other of the lower half or the upper half; and an interference presence / absence determination unit that determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole based on the 3D measurement data acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a casing assembly interference determination device and method.

Background Art

[0002] A steam turbine as a rotating machine includes a casing, a rotor, stationary blades, and moving blades. The casing has a rotor rotatably supported therein, and a plurality of moving blades are fixed to the rotor at axial intervals. Further, a plurality of stationary blades are fixed to the casing at axial intervals. The stationary blades and the moving blades are alternately arranged in the axial direction. The casing is composed of a split lower half and an upper half, and forms a ring shape by being fastened with a plurality of bolts.

[0003] During inspection of the steam turbine, a plurality of bolts are loosened, the upper half is removed from the lower half, and inspection and repair of internal components are performed. When the inspection and repair of the components are completed, the upper half is attached to the lower half and fastened with bolts. The casing may undergo inelastic deformation such as creep deformation due to the thermal effect during operation. As a technique for estimating the deformation amount of the casing, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0004]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] Creep deformation of the casing is a deformation in which the opposing mounting surfaces of the lower and upper halves curve to become convex or concave. Therefore, when attempting to fasten the upper half to the lower half after inspection work is completed, the mounting surfaces of the lower and upper halves do not make proper contact, making it difficult to obtain uniform and sufficient surface pressure, which may lead to steam leakage. In addition, since the casing is fastened to the lower and upper halves by multiple bolts with the upper mounting surface of the lower half in close contact with the lower mounting surface of the upper half, creep deformation of the upper mounting surface of the lower half or the lower mounting surface of the upper half will cause the mounting bolts and bolt holes to tilt. Originally, the bolt body (including the threads) had a clearance of a few millimeters relative to the bolt holes in the casing, so even if the casing deformed somewhat, it did not cause much trouble during disassembly or assembly. However, especially with the recent increase in the ultra-high temperature of the main steam, the amount of thermal deformation of the casing has also increased, and the effect of the tilt of the bolt holes can no longer be ignored. For example, if the amount of thermal deformation is large, without modification of the bolt holes, the lower half of the mounting bolt may interfere with the upper half of the bolt hole and may not fit.

[0006] This disclosure aims to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a casing assembly interference determination device and method that can accurately estimate interference during casing assembly. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] To achieve the above objective, the present disclosure provides an assembly interference determination device for a casing, which is configured by connecting a lower half and an upper half, and comprises: a 3D measurement data acquisition unit that acquires 3D measurement data by 3D measuring the shape of a bolt provided in either the lower half or the upper half and the shape of a bolt hole provided in the other of the lower half or the upper half; and an interference presence / absence determination unit that determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole based on the 3D measurement data acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the casing assembly interference determination method of the present disclosure is a method for determining assembly interference of a casing configured by connecting a lower half and an upper half, and includes the steps of: three-dimensionally measuring the shape of a bolt provided in either the lower half or the upper half and the shape of a bolt hole provided in the other of the lower half or the upper half to acquire three-dimensional measurement data; and determining whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole based on the acquired three-dimensional measurement data. [Effects of the Invention]

[0009] According to the casing assembly interference determination device and method of this disclosure, interference during casing assembly can be estimated with high accuracy. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0010] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of a steam turbine. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the mounting relationship between the lower and upper halves. [Figure 3] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the deformed shape of the lower and upper halves. [Figure 4] Figure 4 is a block diagram showing the casing assembly interference detection device of this embodiment. [Figure 5] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating the process for determining casing assembly interference in this embodiment. [Figure 6] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating the process for estimating the shape of a bolt. [Figure 7] Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the method for estimating the shape of the bolt tip. [Figure 8] Figure 8 is a flowchart illustrating the process for determining interference between a bolt and a bolt hole. [Figure 9] Figure 9 is a plan view of the casing to illustrate the interference detection process between the bolt and the bolt hole. [Figure 10] Figure 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the non-contact determination result between the bolt and the bolt hole. [Figure 11] FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the contact determination result between the bolt and the bolt hole. [Figure 12] FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the optimization process when the bolt and the bolt hole are not in contact. [Figure 13] FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the optimization process when the bolt and the bolt hole are in contact.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0011] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present disclosure is not limited by this embodiment, and when there are multiple embodiments, those configured by combining each embodiment are also included. Further, the constituent elements in the embodiments include those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art, substantially the same ones, and those within the so-called equivalent range.

[0012] <Steam turbine> In the first embodiment, a casing assembly interference determination device and method will be described by applying them to a steam turbine as a rotating machine. However, the rotating machine is not limited to a steam turbine, and can be applied to configurations in which a rotating body is rotatably supported with respect to a stationary body, such as a gas turbine or a compressor. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the internal configuration of a steam turbine.

[0013] As shown in FIG. 1, the steam turbine (rotating machine) 10 includes a casing 11, a rotor 12, a stator blade 13, and a rotor blade 14.

[0014] The casing 11 has a hollow shape, and the rotor 12 is arranged horizontally inside. The rotor 12 is rotatably supported about the axis O by bearings 21 and 22 provided on the casing 11 (or the foundation of the plant). A plurality of stationary blades 13 are fixed to the inner peripheral portion of the casing 11 at intervals in the axial direction A of the rotor 12. A plurality of moving blades 14 are fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 12 at intervals in the axial direction A. The stationary blades 13 are arranged along the radial direction R of the rotor 12 and at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor 12. The moving blades 14 are arranged along the radial direction R of the rotor 12 and at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotor 12, and the stationary blades 13 and the moving blades 14 are arranged alternately in the axial direction A.

[0015] The casing 11 is provided with a steam supply port 23 at one end in the axial direction A. The steam supply port 23 communicates with a blade row portion 25 where the stationary blades 13 and the moving blades 14 are arranged through a steam passage 24. The blade row portion 25 communicates with an exhaust chamber 26. The casing 11 is provided with a steam discharge port 27 at the other end in the axial direction A. The steam discharge port 27 communicates with the exhaust chamber 26.

[0016] High-pressure steam is supplied from the steam supply port 23 through the steam passage 24 to the blade row portion 25. As the steam passes through the plurality of stationary blades 13 and the plurality of moving blades 14, the rotor 12 is driven to rotate through each moving blade 14. The rotor 12 is connected to a generator (not shown), and the generator is driven by the driving force of the rotor 12. The steam that has driven each moving blade 14 is discharged to the outside from the steam discharge port 27 through the exhaust chamber​​​​​​​​​As shown in Figure 2, the casing 11 has a lower half 31 and an upper half 32. The lower half 31 has a lower storage space inside. The upper half 32 is positioned above the lower half 31. The upper half 32 has an upper storage space inside. The casing 11 houses a turbine 33. The turbine 33 is constructed by providing rotor blades 14 (see Figure 1) on the outer circumference of a rotor 12. The turbine 33 is positioned in the lower storage space of the lower half 31 and the upper storage space of the upper half 32. The turbine 33 is rotatably supported about the axis O by a pair of bearings 34 and 35 supported by the lower half 31 and the upper half 32. With the turbine 33 housed inside the casing 11, the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 are fastened together by a plurality of bolts 36.

[0019] The casing 11 undergoes creep deformation due to the effects of heat during operation. When inspecting the steam turbine 10, the upper half 32 is removed from the lower half 31. At this time, the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 deform because they are no longer constrained by the bolts 36. As shown in Figure 3, for example, the creep deformation of the lower half 31 is a deformation in which the lower mounting surface 41 curves so that it becomes convex upward, and the creep deformation of the upper half 32 is a deformation in which the upper mounting surface 42 curves so that it becomes convex downward. Therefore, when assembling the upper half 32 to the lower half 31, it becomes difficult to fasten them again. Also, when disassembling the lower half 31 and the upper half 32, the threads of the bolts 36 and the bolt holes 43 and 44 may interfere with each other. However, the creep deformation of the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 is not limited to such deformations.

[0020] In other words, the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 have bolt holes 43 and 44 through which bolts 36 (see Figure 2) for fastening them together are inserted. The bolt holes 43 and 44 are provided in a direction that is approximately perpendicular to the lower mounting surface 41 and the upper mounting surface 42. If the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31 or the upper mounting surface 42 of the upper half 32 deforms, the bolt holes 43 and 44 will tilt in the opposite direction to the vertical, and the angles of the bolt holes 43 of the lower half 31 and the bolt holes 44 of the upper half 32 will differ. This will reduce the gap between the bolt 36 and the bolt holes 43 and 44, making it difficult to work and potentially delaying disassembly and assembly. Furthermore, if the angles between the bolt 36 and the bolt holes 43 and 44 differ significantly, the bolt 36 may not fit into the bolt holes 43 and 44, making it impossible to fasten the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 together.

[0021] <Assembly Interference Detection Device> Figure 4 is a block diagram showing the casing assembly interference detection device of this embodiment.

[0022] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the casing assembly interference determination device (hereinafter referred to as the assembly interference determination device) 50 determines interference between the bolts 36 and bolt holes 43 and 44 when the upper half 32 is assembled to the lower half 31 after the upper half 32 has been removed from the lower half 31 of the casing 11 for various inspections and repairs. The assembly interference determination device 50 can also estimate the amount of deformation (displacement) of the bolts 36 and bolt holes 43 and 44.

[0023] As shown in Figure 4, the assembly interference determination device 50 comprises a 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51, a 3D data calculation unit 52, an interference presence / absence determination unit 53, and a positional displacement amount calculation unit 54. The assembly interference determination device 50 is a control device, and the control device is a controller, which is realized by various programs stored in the memory unit being executed using RAM as the working area by a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or MPU (Micro Processing Unit), for example.

[0024] Furthermore, the assembly interference detection device 50 is connected to an operation unit 71, an output unit 72, and a storage unit 73.

[0025] The 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 is, for example, a non-contact type 3D measurement device. The 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires a 3D image by, for example, having a laser displacement meter project a slit-shaped laser beam onto the lower half 31 and the upper half 32, and having a camera measure the pattern light. Specifically, when the upper half 32 is removed from the lower half 31, the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires 3D measurement data by 3D measuring the inner surface shape of the lower half 31 and the inner surface shape of the upper half 32. Here, the internal shape includes the mounting surfaces 41, 42 of the casing 11 (lower half 31, upper half 32), etc.

[0026] In this case, bolt holes 43 and 44 are formed in the mounting surfaces 41 and 42, and 3D measurement data of the bolt holes 43 and 44 is also acquired. Furthermore, if fastening bolts (stud bolts) remain in the lower half 31, 3D measurement data of the bolts 36 is also acquired.

[0027] The 3D measurement data acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 includes 3D data of the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31 (hereinafter referred to as the lower 3D data) and 3D data of the upper mounting surface 42 of the upper half 32 (hereinafter referred to as the upper 3D data). The 3D data of the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31 and the upper mounting surface 42 of the upper half 32 are, for example, 3D coordinate data of the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31 and the upper mounting surface 42 of the upper half 32. The 3D coordinate data is absolute coordinate data of the upper half 32 and the lower half 31 with respect to a preset origin (X0, Y0, Z0).

[0028] The 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 outputs the acquired 3D measurement data of the mounting surfaces 41 and 42 of the lower half 31 and upper half 32 to the 3D data calculation unit 52. Based on the 3D measurement data, the 3D data calculation unit 52 calculates the 3D data of the bolts 36 for fastening the lower half 31 and upper half 32, in particular the 3D data of the tip of the bolts 36.

[0029] In this case, as will be described later, if the 3D measurement data is of bolt holes 43 formed in the mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31 or bolt holes 44 formed in the mounting surface 42 of the upper half 32, the 3D data of the bolt 36 is calculated based on the 3D data (3D coordinate data) of the bolt holes 43 and 44 and the design data. Also, if the 3D measurement data is of a partial shape of the bolt 36, the 3D data of the bolt 36 is calculated based on the 3D data (3D coordinate data) of the partial shape of the bolt 36 and the design data.

[0030] The 3D data calculation unit 52 outputs the calculated 3D data of the bolt 36 to the positional displacement calculation unit 54. The positional displacement calculation unit 54 calculates the positional displacement of the bolt 36 or bolt holes 43, 44 by comparing the 3D data (or 3D measurement data) with the design data of the lower half 31 and upper half 32. Here, the positional displacement is the difference between the shape data of the lower half 31 and upper half 32 before creep deformation, i.e., the design data, and the shape data of the lower half 31 and upper half 32 after creep deformation, which is after use. However, the shape data of the lower half 31 and upper half 32 before creep deformation may be the shape data of the lower half 31 and upper half 32 measured in 3D before use.

[0031] Furthermore, the 3D data calculation unit 52 outputs the calculated positional displacement amount to the interference presence / absence determination unit 53. The interference presence / absence determination unit 53 determines whether the positional displacement amount calculated by the positional displacement amount calculation unit 54 is within a predetermined range. That is, the interference presence / absence determination unit 53 determines whether the positional displacement amount is within a predetermined range and whether the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 can be properly fastened together with the bolts 36. Here, the predetermined range is the relative positional displacement amount that allows the bolts 36 to be properly inserted into the bolt holes 43 and 44 when assembling the lower half 31 and the upper half 32, and allows the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 to be properly fastened together.

[0032] The operating unit 71 is connected to the assembly interference detection device 50. The operating unit 71 can be operated by an operator. The operating unit 712 allows the operator to input various command signals to the assembly interference detection device 50. The operating unit 71 can be, for example, a keyboard or a touch-sensitive display.

[0033] The output unit 72 is connected to the assembly interference determination device 50. The output unit 72 outputs the evaluation results of the casing 11 evaluated by the assembly interference determination device 50. The output unit 72 is, for example, a monitor or a printer.

[0034] The memory unit 73 is connected to the assembly interference determination device 50. The memory unit 73 stores a program for the assembly interference determination device 50 to evaluate the casing 11. The memory unit 73 also stores 3D measurement data of the lower half 31 and upper half 32 acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51, 3D data of the bolts 36 calculated by the 3D data calculation unit 52, and the amount of misalignment calculated by the misalignment amount calculation unit 54.

[0035] <Assembly Interference Detection Method> Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating the process for determining casing assembly interference in this embodiment.

[0036] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, in step S11, when the upper half 32 is removed from the lower half 31, the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires 3D measurement data by 3D measuring the inner surface shape of the lower half 31. Here, the 3D measurement data is the lower 3D data of the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31. The lower 3D data includes the 3D coordinate data of the bolt holes 43 or bolts 36 on the lower mounting surface 41.

[0037] In step S12, the 3D data calculation unit 52 calculates 3D data of the bolt 36, in particular 3D data of the tip of the bolt 36, based on the lower 3D data. In step S13, the positional displacement amount calculation unit 54 calculates the positional displacement amount of the bolt 36 by comparing the 3D data of the bolt 36 with the design data. Here, the cause of the positional displacement of the bolt 36 is not only the tilt caused by the bolt 36 falling due to the curvature deformation of the mounting surfaces 41 and 42 of the vehicle compartment, but also, for example, the distance between the bolts 36 changes due to the localized expansion or contraction of the entire vehicle compartment.

[0038] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the processes from steps S21 to S23 are executed in parallel with the processes from steps S11 to S13.

[0039] In step S21, the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires 3D measurement data by 3D measuring the inner surface shape of the upper half 32 when the upper half 32 is removed from the lower half 31. Here, the 3D measurement data is the lower 3D data of the upper mounting surface 42 of the upper half 32. The upper 3D data contains the 3D coordinate data of the bolt holes 44 on the upper mounting surface 42. In step S23, the positional displacement amount calculation unit 54 calculates the positional displacement amount of the bolt holes 44, that is, the inclination of the bolt holes 44, the distance between bolts, etc., by comparing the 3D data of the bolt holes 44 with the design data.

[0040] In step S31, the interference determination unit 53 determines whether the positional displacement of the bolt 36 in the lower half 31 and the positional displacement of the bolt hole 44 in the upper half 32, calculated by the 3D data calculation unit 52, are within a predetermined range. That is, the interference determination unit 53 determines whether the positional displacement is within a predetermined range and whether the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 can be properly fastened together with the bolt 36. Specifically, the interference determination unit 53 determines whether there is interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 44 based on the positional displacement of the bolt 36 in the lower half 31 and the positional displacement of the bolt hole 44 in the upper half 32, calculated by the 3D data calculation unit 52.

[0041] Furthermore, if a more accurate prediction of future deformation amounts in the lower half 31 and upper half 32 is required during the casing assembly interference determination process, a model incorporating 3D measurement data may be created, creep analysis may be performed, and then the presence or absence of interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 44 may be determined again.

[0042] <Method for estimating bolt shape> Here, we will specifically explain the process by which the 3D data calculation unit 52 calculates the 3D data of the tip of the bolt 36 in step S12 described above. Figure 6 is a flowchart showing the process of the bolt shape estimation method, and Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the bolt tip shape estimation method.

[0043] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, in step S41, it is determined whether or not there is a bolt 36 embedded in the lower half 31. If it is determined that there is a bolt 36 embedded in the lower half 31 (Yes), one of steps S42, S43, or S44 is executed. In step S42, the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires 3D measurement data of the bolt boundary line 36a between the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31 and the bolt 36. In step S46, the 3D data calculation unit 52 calculates 3D data of the tip (tip surface) of the bolt 36 based on the 3D measurement data of the bolt boundary line 36a of the bolt 36 and the design data of the bolt 36.

[0044] In step S43, the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires 3D measurement data of the main body of the bolt 36 in the lower half 31. The 3D measurement data of the main body of the bolt 36 refers to the 3D measurement data of at least a portion of the cylindrical shape of the bolt 36 from the bolt boundary line 36a to the tip. In step S46, the 3D data calculation unit 52 calculates 3D data of the tip (tip surface) of the bolt 36 based on the 3D measurement data of the main body of the bolt 36 and the design data of the bolt 36. Here, the design data of the bolt includes the height from the flange surface to the tip of the bolt and the diameter of the bolt threads.

[0045] In step S44, the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires 3D measurement data of the center point 36b of the tip of the bolt 36 in the lower half 31. In step S46, the 3D data calculation unit 52 calculates 3D data of the tip (tip surface) of the bolt 36 based on the 3D measurement data of the center point 36b of the tip of the bolt 36 and the design data of the bolt 36.

[0046] In step S41, if it is determined (No) that there are no embedded bolts 36 in the lower half 31, in step S45, the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 acquires 3D measurement data of the bolt holes 43 in the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31. In step S46, the 3D data calculation unit 52 calculates 3D data of the tip (tip surface) of the bolt 36 based on the 3D measurement data of the bolt holes 43 and the design data of the bolt 36.

[0047] In the lower half 31, the lower mounting surface 41 is creep-deformed, so it is considered that the bolt 36 is tilted at a predetermined angle θ with respect to the vertical. The three-dimensional shape of the bolt 36, which is installed in the bolt hole 43 of the lower mounting surface 41 of the lower half 31, is already available as design data. Therefore, by applying the three-dimensional shape data of the bolt 36 to any of the three-dimensional measurement data of the bolt boundary line 36a, the main body of the bolt 36, the center point 36b of the tip of the bolt 36, or the bolt hole 43, the three-dimensional data of the tip (tip surface) of the bolt 36 can be calculated.

[0048] <Method for determining interference between bolts and bolt holes> Here, we will specifically explain the process by which the interference determination unit 53 performs interference determination between the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 44 in step S31 described above. Figure 8 is a flowchart showing the process of the interference determination method between the bolt and the bolt hole.

[0049] The interference determination unit 53 determines whether the displacement amount of the bolt 36 in the lower half 31 and the displacement amount of the bolt hole 44 in the upper half 32, calculated by the 3D data calculation unit 52, are within a predetermined range. In step S51, the upper half 32 is positioned in its initial position relative to the lower half 31, thereby performing initial alignment of the upper mounting surface 42, including the deformed bolt hole 44, with respect to the lower mounting surface 41, including the deformed bolt 36. The initial alignment of the upper mounting surface 42 with respect to the lower mounting surface 41 is performed in the three-dimensional direction.

[0050] In step S52, interference calculations are performed between the bolt 36 in the lower half 31 and the bolt hole 44 in the upper half 32. The method of interference calculation will be described later. In step S53, the upper half 32 is moved horizontally by a predetermined amount relative to the lower half 31. In step S54, interference calculations are performed again between the bolt 36 in the lower half 31 and the bolt hole 44 in the upper half 32.

[0051] In step S55, it is determined whether the bolt 36 in the lower half 31 and the bolt hole 44 in the upper half 32 are in contact (interfering with each other). If it is determined that the bolt 36 in the lower half 31 and the bolt hole 44 in the upper half 32 are not in contact (interfering with each other) (No), the determination result is output in step S56 and the process ends.

[0052] On the other hand, if it is determined (Yes) that the bolt 36 in the lower half 31 and the bolt hole 44 in the upper half 32 are in contact (interfering), the determination result is output in step S57. Then, in step S58, it is determined whether or not to perform an additional determination to determine whether or not the bolt 36 in the lower half 31 and the bolt hole 44 in the upper half 32 are in contact (interfering). If it is determined that no additional determination should be made, the process ends. On the other hand, if it is determined that an additional determination should be made (Yes), the position of the upper half 32 is adjusted in step S59 by moving the upper half 32 horizontally relative to the lower half 31. Then, the process returns to step S54 and continues.

[0053] <Specific examples of interference detection between bolts and bolt holes> FIG. 9 is a plan view of a casing for explaining interference determination processing between a bolt and a bolt hole, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a non-contact determination result between a bolt and a bolt hole, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a contact determination result between a bolt and a bolt hole.

[0054] FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the approximate circle of the tip of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 at the tip of bolt 36 in a state where upper mounting surface 42 of upper half 32 is in close contact with lower mounting surface 41 of lower half 31. As shown in FIG. 9, let the center O1 of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the center O2 of bolt hole 44 be defined. Here, since bolt 36 is inclined with respect to bolt hole 44, center O1 of the tip surface of bolt 36 and center O2 of bolt hole 44 are displaced. The displacement direction between bolt 36 and bolt hole 44 is represented as a vector indicated by an arrow, and the center-to-center distance between center O1 and center O2 is the amount of displacement, which is represented as the length of the vector. FIG. 9 is displayed on output unit 72.

[0055] FIG. 10 is an example display when the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 are in a non-contact state. As shown in FIG. 10, let the radius r1 of the approximate circle of bolt 36 and the radius r2 of the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 be defined. In this case, since bolt 36 passes through bolt hole 44 and a nut (not shown) is screwed onto the tip, the relationship is r1 < r2. Also, let the difference Rdiff (r2 - r1) between radius r1 and radius r2 and the center-to-center distance (amount of eccentricity) Cdiff between center O1 and center O2 be defined.

[0056] Therefore, the minimum gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 is Rdiff-Cdiff, and the maximum gap is Rdiff+Cdiff. The overlap amount is the length of the overlap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 on a straight line passing through the center O1 of the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the center O2 of the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44, and is expressed as r1+r2-Cfiff. Here, since Rdiff>Cdiff, a gap amount (minimum gap Rdiff-Cdiff) is secured between the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44, and it is determined that the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 are in a non-contact state.

[0057] Figure 11 shows an example of a display when the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 are in contact. As shown in Figure 11, there is no minimum gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44, the interference amount is Rdiff-Cdiff, and the maximum gap is Rdiff+Cdiff. Here, since Rdiff≦Cdiff, there is no gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44, and an interference amount (Rdiff-Cdiff) occurs, so it is determined that the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 are in contact.

[0058] Figure 11 shows an example where the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 intersect at two points and are in contact; this is determined to be a contact state. Furthermore, even when the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of bolt hole 44 touch at one point, it is determined to be a contact state.

[0059] <Specific example of optimization processing after interference detection between bolts and bolt holes> Figure 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the optimization process when the bolt and bolt hole are not in contact, and Figure 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the optimization process when the bolt and bolt hole are in contact.

[0060] Figure 12 shows an example of the optimization process when the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 44 are in a non-contact state. As shown in Figure 12, at the initial determination, for example, the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 are in a non-contact state at four positions. At this time, the direction of the displacement between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 is represented by vectors V1, V2, V3, and V4, and the amount of displacement is represented by the length of vectors V1, V2, V3, and V4. In addition, the closest point between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 is indicated by a white arrow.

[0061] When the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 44 are in a non-contact state, there is a large gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 on the opposite side of the nearest neighbor. Therefore, the gap is optimized by weighting and correcting vectors V1, V2, V3, and V4 according to the amount of gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44. That is, the gap at the nearest neighbor is increased by moving the upper half 32 having the bolt hole 44 by a predetermined amount in the direction of arrow F.

[0062] Figure 13 shows an example of the optimization process when the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 44 are in contact. As shown in Figure 13, at the initial determination, for example, the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 are in contact at three positions. At this time, the direction of the displacement between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 is represented by vectors V1, V2, V3, and V4, and the amount of displacement is represented by the length of vectors V1, V2, V3, and V4. In addition, the closest point between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 is shown by an outlined arrow, and the contact point between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 is shown by a black arrow.

[0063] When the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 44 are in contact in this manner, there is a large gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 (vectors V1, V2, V4) on the opposite side of the contact point. Therefore, the gap amount is optimized by weighting and correcting vectors V1, V2, V3, V4 according to the amount of gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44. That is, the number of contact points is reduced by moving the upper half 32 having the bolt hole 44 by a predetermined amount in the direction of arrow F. In optimization 1, the number of contact points between the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 was reduced from 3 (vectors V1, V2, V4) to 2 (vectors V2, V3).

[0064] In Optimization 1, there is a large gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 (vector V2) on the opposite side of the contact area. Therefore, the gap amount is optimized by weighting and correcting vectors V1, V2, V3, and V4 according to the amount of gap between the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44. That is, the number of contact areas is reduced by moving the upper half 32 having the bolt hole 44 by a predetermined amount in the direction of arrow F. On the other hand, in Optimization 2, the number of contact areas between the approximate circle of the tip surface of bolt 36 and the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44 is further reduced from two (vectors V2, V3) to one (vector V3), but the amount of indentation at the contact area due to vector V3 is larger than in the case of Optimization 1. In other words, Optimization 1 prioritizes minimizing the average amount of indentation for all bolts 36, while Optimization 2 prioritizes minimizing the number of contact areas.

[0065] As shown in Figure 4, the output unit 72 is connected to the assembly interference determination device 50. The output unit 72 displays the determination result of the interference presence / absence determination unit 53 of the assembly interference determination device 50 on a monitor, for example. The displayed content is the same as that shown in Figures 9 to 13 above. Specifically, the display is a plan view of the upper half 32 assembled to the lower half 31, and displays the approximate circle of the tip surface of the bolt 36, the approximate circle of the bolt hole 44, the centers O1 and O2 of each approximate circle, and the vector V. In addition, the display during processing includes the difference Rdiff between radii r1 and r2, the distance between the centers of center O1 and center O2 (eccentricity) Cdiff, the gap amount or interference amount (Rdiff-Cdiff), the nearest point (arrow), the contact point (arrow), etc.

[0066] In the embodiment described above, the shape of the bolt 36 provided in the lower half 31 and the shape of the bolt hole 44 provided in the upper half 32 are measured in three dimensions to estimate whether or not there is interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 44. However, the configuration is not limited to this. For example, the shape of the bolt 36 provided in the upper half 32 and the shape of the bolt hole 43 provided in the lower half 31 may be measured in three dimensions to estimate whether or not there is interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 43.

[0067] [Effects of this embodiment] The casing assembly interference determination device according to the first embodiment includes a 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 that acquires 3D measurement data by 3D measuring the shape of a bolt 36 provided in either the lower half 31 or the upper half 32 and the shape of a bolt hole 43, 44 provided in the other of the lower half 31 or the upper half 32, and an interference presence / absence determination unit 53 that determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 43, 44 based on the 3D measurement data acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 61.

[0068] According to the casing assembly interference determination device of the first embodiment, the presence or absence of interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt holes 43 and 44 is determined based on the three-dimensional measurement data of the deformed lower half 31 and upper half 32, thereby determining whether the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 can be properly fastened with the bolt 36. As a result, interference during casing assembly can be estimated with high accuracy.

[0069] The casing assembly interference determination device according to the second embodiment is the casing assembly interference determination device according to the first embodiment, further comprising: a 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 that acquires 3D measurement data of the bolt boundary line between the mounting surface 41 and the bolt 36 in the lower half 31; a 3D data calculation unit 52 that calculates 3D data of the shape of the tip of the bolt 36 based on the 3D measurement data of the bolt boundary line acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51; and an interference presence / absence determination unit 53 that uses the 3D data of the shape of the tip of the bolt 36 calculated by the 3D data calculation unit 52 to determine whether or not there is interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt holes 43 and 44. As a result, since 3D measurement data of the bolt boundary line is used, it is only necessary to acquire 3D measurement data of the mounting surfaces 41 and 42, thereby simplifying the interference determination process.

[0070] The casing assembly interference determination device according to the third embodiment is the casing assembly interference determination device according to the first embodiment, further comprising: a 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 that acquires 3D measurement data of the shape of the bolt 36 in the lower half 31; a 3D data calculation unit 52 that calculates 3D data of the shape of the tip of the bolt 36 based on the 3D measurement data of the bolt 36 acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51; and an interference presence / absence determination unit 53 that uses the 3D data of the shape of the tip of the bolt 36 calculated by the 3D data calculation unit 52 to determine whether or not there is interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt holes 43, 44. As a result, since the 3D measurement data of the bolt 36 is used, the interference determination process can be performed with high accuracy.

[0071] The casing assembly interference determination device according to the fourth embodiment is the casing assembly interference determination device according to the first embodiment, further comprising: a 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 that acquires 3D measurement data of the center point of the tip of the bolt 36 in the lower half 31; a 3D data calculation unit 52 that calculates 3D data of the shape of the tip of the bolt 36 based on the 3D measurement data of the center point of the tip of the bolt 36 acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51; and an interference presence / absence determination unit 53 that uses the 3D data of the shape of the tip of the bolt 36 calculated by the 3D data calculation unit 52 to determine whether or not there is interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt holes 43, 44. As a result, since the 3D measurement data of the center point of the tip of the bolt 36 is used, the interference determination process can be performed with high accuracy.

[0072] The casing assembly interference determination device according to the fifth embodiment is the casing assembly interference determination device according to the first embodiment, further comprising: a 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 that acquires 3D measurement data of the shapes of bolt holes 43, 44 on the mounting surfaces 41, 42 of the lower half 31 or the upper half 32; a 3D data calculation unit 52 that calculates 3D data of the shape of the tip of a bolt 36 to be installed in the bolt holes 43, 44 based on the 3D measurement data of the shape of the bolt holes 43, 44 acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51; and an interference presence / absence determination unit 53 that uses the 3D data of the shape of the tip of the bolt 36 calculated by the 3D data calculation unit 52 to determine whether or not there is interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt holes 43, 44. As a result, since 3D measurement data of the bolt holes 43, 44 on the mounting surfaces 41, 42 is used, it is only necessary to acquire 3D measurement data of the mounting surfaces 41, 42, thereby simplifying the interference determination process.

[0073] The sixth embodiment of the casing assembly interference determination device is a casing assembly interference determination device according to any one of the first to fifth embodiments, and further includes a positional displacement amount calculation unit 54 that calculates the positional displacement amount of bolts 36 or bolt holes 43, 44 by comparing the 3D measurement data acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit 51 with the design data of the lower half 31 and the upper half 32. As a result, the positional displacement amount of bolts 36 or bolt holes 43, 44 is calculated by comparing the 3D measurement data of the deformed lower half 31 and upper half 32 with the design data, thereby enabling highly accurate estimation of the deformation amount of the casing 11. Furthermore, it becomes possible to determine whether or not the bolt holes 43, 44 need to be modified and to estimate the optimal amount of modification.

[0074] The seventh embodiment of the casing assembly interference determination method includes the steps of: three-dimensional measurement of the shape of a bolt 36 provided in either the lower half 31 or the upper half 32 and the shape of a bolt hole 43, 44 provided in the other of the lower half 31 or the upper half 32 to acquire three-dimensional measurement data; and determining whether or not there is interference between the bolt 36 and the bolt hole 43, 44 based on the acquired three-dimensional measurement data. It is possible to determine whether the lower half 31 and the upper half 32 can be properly fastened together with the bolt 36, and interference during casing assembly can be estimated with high accuracy. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0075] 10. Steam turbine (rotating machinery) 11 Casing 12 rotors 13 Static Wings 14 Moving blade 31 Lower half 32 Upper half 33 Turbine 34,35 bearings 36 volts 41 Lower mounting surface 42 Upper mounting surface 43, 44 bolt holes 50 Casing assembly interference detection device 51 3D measurement data acquisition unit 52 3D Data Calculation Unit 53 Interference detection unit 54 Positional displacement calculation unit 71 Operation section 72 Output section 73 Memory section

Claims

1. In a casing assembly interference determination device, which is constructed by connecting a lower half and an upper half, A 3D measurement data acquisition unit acquires 3D measurement data by 3D measuring the shape of a bolt provided in either the lower half or the upper half and the shape of a bolt hole provided in the other of the lower half or the upper half. An interference determination unit determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole based on the three-dimensional measurement data acquired by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit, A casing assembly interference determination device equipped with the following features.

2. The aforementioned three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit acquires three-dimensional measurement data of the bolt boundary line between the mounting surface and the bolt in the lower half. The 3D data calculation unit calculates 3D data of the shape of the tip of the bolt based on the 3D measurement data of the bolt boundary acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit, The interference determination unit determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole using the three-dimensional data of the shape of the tip of the bolt calculated by the three-dimensional data calculation unit. The casing assembly interference determination device according to claim 1.

3. The aforementioned three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit acquires three-dimensional measurement data of the shape of the bolt in the lower half. The 3D data calculation unit has a 3D data calculation unit that calculates 3D data of the shape of the tip of the bolt based on the 3D measurement data of the bolt acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit. The interference determination unit determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole using the three-dimensional data of the shape of the tip of the bolt calculated by the three-dimensional data calculation unit. The casing assembly interference determination device according to claim 1.

4. The aforementioned three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit acquires three-dimensional measurement data of the center point of the tip of the bolt in the lower half. The three-dimensional data calculation unit calculates three-dimensional data of the shape of the tip of the bolt based on the three-dimensional measurement data of the position of the center point of the tip of the bolt acquired by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit. The interference determination unit determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole using the three-dimensional data of the shape of the tip of the bolt calculated by the three-dimensional data calculation unit. The casing assembly interference determination device according to claim 1.

5. The aforementioned three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit acquires three-dimensional measurement data of the shape of the bolt holes on the mounting surface of the lower half or upper half. The 3D data calculation unit calculates 3D data of the shape of the tip of the bolt to be installed in the bolt hole based on the 3D measurement data of the shape of the bolt hole acquired by the 3D measurement data acquisition unit, The interference determination unit determines whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole using the three-dimensional data of the shape of the tip of the bolt calculated by the three-dimensional data calculation unit. The casing assembly interference determination device according to claim 1.

6. The system includes a positional displacement calculation unit that calculates the positional displacement of the bolt or the bolt hole by comparing the three-dimensional measurement data acquired by the three-dimensional measurement data acquisition unit with the design data of the lower half and the upper half. The casing assembly interference determination device according to claim 1.

7. In a method for determining assembly interference of a casing formed by connecting a lower half and an upper half, The steps include: three-dimensional measurement of the shape of a bolt provided in either the lower half or the upper half, and the shape of a bolt hole provided in the other of the lower half or the upper half, and acquiring three-dimensional measurement data; A step of determining whether or not there is interference between the bolt and the bolt hole based on the acquired three-dimensional measurement data, A method for determining assembly interference of a casing having the following characteristics.

Images