Unit component

Abstract

This method prevents rainwater from getting on structural materials without requiring waterproofing treatment on-site. [Solution] The unit member 20 comprises a structural material 22 including a wooden member that constitutes a column or wall of the building 10, a breathable waterproof sheet 24 that covers the outdoor side surface of the structural material 22, and a moisture-proof sheet 26 that covers the indoor side surface of the structural material 22.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to unit members.

Background Art

[0002] Patent Document 1 below discloses a construction method of a wooden building in which a shaft material and a surface material constituting a structure are carried to the site in a state of being previously protected with a waterproof film and combined and joined to each other to form a structure. In this construction method, a moisture permeable waterproof sheet is attached to the shaft material covered with the waterproof film in advance. Alternatively, a structural surface material whose outdoor surface is covered with a moisture permeable waterproof sheet in advance is carried to the site.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] A moisture permeable waterproof sheet is a sheet that allows moisture to pass through but does not allow water to pass through. Therefore, if it is attached to the outdoor side surface of a structural member, moisture generated inside the structural material can be discharged to the outside. Thereby, condensation in the building can be suppressed.

[0005] However, in the construction method of the wooden building shown in Patent Document 1 above, it takes time and effort to attach the moisture permeable waterproof sheet at the site, so the construction period is long. In addition, since the moisture permeable waterproof sheet is attached to the shaft material covered with the waterproof film, the waterproof film and the moisture permeable waterproof sheet are double pasted, which is uneconomical. On the other hand, in the case of a structural surface material whose outdoor surface is covered with a moisture permeable waterproof sheet, there is a risk that the indoor surface gets wet by rain during the construction of the building.

[0006] In consideration of the above facts, an object of the present invention is to suppress rain wetting of structural materials without performing waterproof treatment at the site. [Means for solving the problem]

[0007] The unit member according to claim 1 comprises a structural material including a wooden member that constitutes a column or wall of a building, a breathable waterproof sheet covering the outdoor side surface of the structural material, and a moisture-proof sheet covering the indoor side surface of the structural material.

[0008] A breathable waterproof sheet is a sheet that allows moisture to pass through but not water, while a moisture-proof sheet is a sheet that allows neither moisture nor water to pass through. In other words, neither sheet allows water to pass through.

[0009] Furthermore, in the unit member of claim 1, a waterproof sheet is attached to both the indoor and outdoor sides. Therefore, even if it rains in an uncovered area after the unit member has been installed on-site in the building, water damage to both the indoor and outdoor sides of the unit member is suppressed.

[0010] Furthermore, the breathable waterproof sheet applied to the exterior side allows moisture to pass through, thus enabling moisture generated inside the structural material to be expelled to the outside. This helps to suppress internal condensation of the structural material. On the other hand, a moisture-proof sheet is applied to the interior side, which prevents moisture from entering the interior of the structural material from the inside.

[0011] In this way, this unit component allows for the suppression of rainwater damage to structural materials without the need for on-site waterproofing by applying different sheets to the outdoor and indoor sides. Furthermore, by applying the sheets separately, it is not necessary to double-layer the moisture barrier and breathable waterproof sheet, making it more economical compared to a double-layer configuration.

[0012] The unit member of claim 2 is the unit member of claim 1, wherein the breathable waterproof sheet is stretched upward from the outdoor side surface of the structural material to cover the upper end surface.

[0013] In the unit member of claim 2, the waterproof sheet also covers the upper end surface of the structural material. This prevents water from getting onto the structural material, even if the upper end surface of the structural material is not protected before installation at the site, for example, during transportation.

[0014] The unit member of claim 3 is the unit member of claim 1 or 2, wherein the breathable waterproof sheet is attached downward from the lower end of the outdoor side surface of the structural material.

[0015] In the unit member of claim 3, the portion extending from the lower end of the structural material can be overlapped with other waterproof sheets. This makes it easier to waterproof eaves and balconies.

[0016] The unit member of claim 4 is the unit member of claim 1 or 2, wherein the structural material is formed by covering the wooden member with a fire-resistant board.

[0017] In the unit member of claim 4, the structural member is formed by covering a wooden member with a fire-resistant board, so there is no need to cover the structural member with a fire-resistant covering material on site.

[0018] Furthermore, the unit member of claim 4 may be the unit member described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the structural material is formed by covering the wooden member with a fire-resistant board. [Effects of the Invention]

[0019] According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress rainwater exposure of structural materials without performing waterproofing treatment on-site. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0020] [Figure 1] This is a plan cross-sectional view showing an example of a unit member that forms a wall in an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] (A) is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 in Figure 1, and (B) is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the unit members installed in the building. [Figure 3] (A) is a plan sectional view showing an example of a unit member forming a column in an embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a plan sectional view showing a unit member forming a column and a unit member forming a wall. [Figure 4] (A) is a plan sectional view showing an example of a unit member forming a square column in an embodiment of the present invention, and (B) is a plan sectional view showing a unit member forming a square column and a unit member forming a wall. [Figure 5] (A) is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 in FIG. 3(A), and (B) is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state where the unit member is installed in a building. **Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention**

[0021] Hereinafter, the unit member according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Components denoted by the same reference numerals in each drawing mean the same components. However, unless otherwise specified in the specification, each component is not limited to one, and a plurality of them may exist.

[0022] In addition, the description of the configurations and reference numerals that overlap in each drawing may be omitted. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to the following embodiments, and modifications such as omitting configurations, replacing with different configurations, and using combinations of one embodiment and various variations within the scope of the object of the present invention can be appropriately made and implemented.

[0023] <Unit Member> (Wall Member) FIG. 1 shows an example of a unit member 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The unit member 20 is a member that constitutes a wall of a building 10, is manufactured in a factory, and is transported to the construction site of the building 10.

[0024] The unit member 20 includes a structural material 22, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 24, and a moisture-proof sheet 26.

[0025] (Wall Member - Structural Material) The structural member 22 is a structural frame formed by attaching reinforced gypsum board 22B, which serves as a fire-resistant board, to a wooden frame 22A, which is a wooden member assembled from laminated timber or the like. Insulation material such as rock wool is laid on the inside of the reinforced gypsum board 22B.

[0026] The structural member 22 can have openings 22H for equipment. The hatched portion of the opening 22H is, for example, a circular through-hole when viewed from the front, and its size is determined as appropriate. The structural member 22 can also have openings for windows (not shown). The window openings are shipped from the factory with sashes already fitted.

[0027] In each figure, the IN direction indicated by the arrow is the indoor side when the unit member 20 and the unit member 30 (described later) are installed in the building 10, and the OUT direction is the outdoor side.

[0028] (Wall material - sheet) The breathable waterproof sheet 24 is a sheet that allows moisture to pass through but not water (for example, Isover® Vario). The breathable waterproof sheet 24 covers the side surface that will be the outdoor side when the unit member 20 is installed in the building 10.

[0029] On the other hand, the moisture barrier sheet 26 is a sheet that does not allow moisture or water to pass through (for example, Tyvek® Silver). The moisture barrier sheet 26 covers the side surface that will be on the indoor side when the unit member 20 is installed in the building 10.

[0030] When the unit member 20 is installed in the building 10, the passage opening 22I is formed, for example, between two unit members 20. However, if there is a hanging wall above the opening 22I, the opening 22I may be formed in one unit member 20.

[0031] In the area where the opening 22H for equipment is formed, a breathable waterproof sheet 24 and a moisture-proof sheet 26 are continuously attached. In this area, the breathable waterproof sheet 24 and moisture-proof sheet 26 are cut off when the equipment piping is inserted, or they are wrapped around the wall of the opening 22H and attached.

[0032] In the portion where an opening 22I for passage is formed, the breathable waterproof sheet 24 and the moisture barrier sheet 26 are wrapped around and attached to the end face. The breathable waterproof sheet 24 and the moisture barrier sheet 26 are each attached up to the wall center position CL1.

[0033] In the portion where a window opening is formed (not shown), the breathable waterproof sheet 24 and the moisture-proof sheet 26 are wrapped around and attached to the end surface, similar to the portion where a passage opening 22I is formed.

[0034] As shown in Figure 2(A), the breathable waterproof sheet 24 covers the outer side of the structural member 22 from the upper end to the lower end. The upper end of the breathable waterproof sheet 24 may be aligned with the upper end of the outer side of the structural member 22, or, as shown in Figure 2(A), it may be extended upward from the upper end of the outer side of the structural member 22 to cover the upper surface of the structural member 22 (extended portion 24A). Alternatively, the extended portion 24A may be folded down further from the upper surface of the structural member 22 and overlapped with the outside of the moisture barrier sheet 26.

[0035] Furthermore, the breathable waterproof sheet 24 is attached downward from the lower end of the outdoor side surface of the structural member 22 (extended portion 24B). Note that the lower end of the breathable waterproof sheet 24 has a non-adhered portion 24C that is not attached to the outdoor side surface of the structural member 22. The non-adhered portion 24C is the portion opposite to the portion extending approximately 100 mm above the lower end of the structural member 22.

[0036] The moisture barrier sheet 26 covers the indoor side of the structural member 22 from the upper end to the lower end. The lower end of the moisture barrier sheet 26 may be aligned with the lower end of the indoor side of the structural member 22, or it may be extended downward from the lower end of the indoor side of the structural member 22, as shown in Figure 2(A) (extended portion 26A).

[0037] As shown in Figure 2(B), when the unit member 20 is installed in the building 10, the unit member 20 is fixed to the beam 12. For example, the slab 14A that forms the floor of the building 10 and the slab 14B that forms the eaves are fixed to the beam 12.

[0038] For example, asphalt roofing 16 is laid on the slab 14B. The asphalt roofing 16 is folded up along the unit member 20 and adhered to the back surface of the extended portion 24B and the unextended portion 24C of the breathable waterproof sheet 24, and is then overlapped. Also, if the moisture barrier sheet 26 has an extended portion 26A, the extended portion 26A is adhered to the beam 12.

[0039] (Column member) Figure 3(A) shows an example of a unit member 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The unit member 30 is a component that makes up the columns of the building 10, and is manufactured in a factory and transported to the construction site of the building 10.

[0040] As shown in Figure 3(B), among the unit members 30, the unit member 30 to which wall members, unit members 20, are attached to two opposing sides is referred to as unit member 30A.

[0041] On the other hand, as shown in Figure 4(B), among the unit members 30, a unit member 30 that is a rectangular prism to which wall members, unit members 20, are attached to adjacent sides is called unit member 30B. When there is no need to distinguish between unit members 30A and 30B, they are collectively referred to as unit member 30.

[0042] The unit member 30 is composed of a structural material 32, a breathable waterproof sheet 34, and a moisture-proof sheet 36.

[0043] (Column members - structural materials) The structural member 32 is a structural frame formed by attaching reinforced gypsum board 32B, which is a fire-resistant board, to a core material 32A, which is a wooden member assembled from laminated timber or the like.

[0044] (Column member - sheet) The breathable waterproof sheet 34, like the breathable waterproof sheet 24, is a sheet that allows moisture to pass through but not water. As shown in Figures 3(B) and 4(B), the breathable waterproof sheet 34 covers the side surface that becomes the outdoor side when the unit member 30 is installed in the building 10.

[0045] On the other hand, the moisture barrier sheet 36 is a sheet that, like the moisture barrier sheet 26, does not allow moisture or water to pass through. The moisture barrier sheet 36 covers the side surface that becomes the indoor side when the unit member 30 is installed in the building 10.

[0046] The breathable waterproof sheet 34 is stretched horizontally from the edge of the outdoor side and overlapped with the breathable waterproof sheet 24 of the unit member 20 (stretched portion 34A). The moisture barrier sheet 36 is attached up to the column center position CL2.

[0047] As shown in Figure 5(A), the breathable waterproof sheet 34 covers the outer side of the structural member 32 from the upper end to the lower end. The lower end of the breathable waterproof sheet 34 may be aligned with the lower end of the outer side of the structural member 32, or it may be extended downward from the lower end of the outer side of the structural member 32, as shown in Figure 5(A) (extended portion 34B).

[0048] Furthermore, a portion 34C is provided at the lower end of the breathable waterproof sheet 34 that is not adhered to the outdoor side of the structural member 32. The portion 34C is opposite to the portion of the structural member 32 that extends approximately 100 mm above the lower end.

[0049] The moisture barrier sheet 36 covers the indoor side of the structural member 32 from the top to the bottom.

[0050] As shown in Figure 5(B), when the unit member 30 is installed in the building 10, the unit member 30 is fixed to the beam 12. For example, the slab 14A that forms the floor of the building 10 and the slab 14B that forms the eaves are fixed to the beam 12.

[0051] For example, asphalt roofing 16 is laid on the slab 14B. The asphalt roofing 16 is folded up along the unit member 30 and bonded to the back side of the extended portion 34B and the remaining portion 34C of the breathable waterproof sheet 34, and is then overlapped.

[0052] <Mechanism and Effects> In the unit member 20 according to the embodiment of the present invention, a breathable waterproof sheet 24 is attached to the outdoor side surface, and a moisture-proof sheet 26 is attached to the indoor side surface. Similarly, in the unit member 30, a breathable waterproof sheet 34 is attached to the outdoor side surface, and a moisture-proof sheet 36 is attached to the indoor side surface.

[0053] In other words, the unit components 20 and 30 have waterproof sheets attached to both the indoor and outdoor sides. Therefore, even if it rains in an uncovered area after the unit components 20 and 30 have been installed on site, water damage to both the indoor and outdoor sides will be suppressed.

[0054] Furthermore, the breathable waterproof sheets 24 and 34 attached to the exterior sides allow moisture to pass through, thus enabling moisture generated inside the structural materials 22 and 32 to be discharged to the outside. This suppresses internal condensation of the structural materials 22 and 32. On the other hand, since a moisture-proof sheet 26 or 36 is attached to the interior sides, moisture can be prevented from entering the interior of the structural materials 22 and 32 from the interior side.

[0055] In this way, by applying different sheets (moisture-permeable waterproof sheets 24, 34 and moisture-proof sheets 26, 36) to the outdoor and indoor sides of the unit members 20 and 30, it is possible to suppress rainwater damage to the structural members 22 and 32 without requiring on-site waterproofing treatment. Furthermore, by applying the sheets separately, it is not necessary to double-layer the moisture-proof sheets 26, 36 and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheets 24, 34, making it more economical compared to a configuration with double layering.

[0056] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2(A), in the unit member 20, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 24 also covers the upper end surface of the structural member 22. This prevents water from getting onto the structural member 22, even before installation on site, for example during transportation, without needing to protect the upper end surface of the structural member 22 with another material.

[0057] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 2(B), the portion of the unit member 20 that extends from the lower end of the structural member 22 (extended portion 24B) can be overlapped with another waterproof sheet, such as asphalt roofing 16.

[0058] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 5(B), even with the unit member 30, the portion that extends from the lower end of the structural member 32 (extended portion 34B) can be overlapped with other waterproof sheets, such as asphalt roofing 16. This makes it easier to waterproof the slab 14B that forms the eaves and the slab that forms the balcony.

[0059] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 1, in the unit member 20, the structural member 22 is formed by covering the wooden frame 22A, which is a wooden member, with reinforced gypsum board 22B, which is a fire-resistant board.

[0060] Similarly, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, in the unit member 30, the structural member 32 is formed by covering the core material 32A, which is a wooden member, with reinforced gypsum board 32B, which is a fire-resistant board. Therefore, there is no need to cover the structural members 22 and 32 with a fire-resistant covering material at the site.

[0061] <Other Embodiments> In the above embodiment, unit members 20 are used as components constituting the walls of the building 10, and unit members 30 are used as components constituting the columns, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. For example, either unit member 20 or 30 may be used in the building 10.

[0062] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the breathable waterproof sheet 24 of the unit member 20 also covers the upper end surface of the structural material 22, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. For example, the breathable waterproof sheet 24 may cover only the outdoor side surface of the structural material 22.

[0063] Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the breathable waterproof sheet 24 of the unit member 20 has an extended portion 24B and an unextended portion 24C, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. For example, if a slab 14B is not provided, the asphalt roofing 16 is not laid, so neither the extended portion 24B nor the unextended portion 24C can be formed.

[0064] Similarly, in the above embodiment, the breathable waterproof sheet 34 of the unit member 30 has an extended portion 34B and an unextended portion 34C, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this. For example, if a slab 14B is not provided, the asphalt roofing 16 is not laid, so neither the extended portion 34B nor the unextended portion 34C can be formed.

[0065] Thus, the unit member of the present invention can be applied to the building 10 regardless of the presence or absence of the slab 14B. Similarly, the unit member of the present invention can be applied to the building 10 regardless of the presence or absence of the slab 14A.

[0066] In these various embodiments, the unit members 20 and 30 can be protected from rainwater without on-site waterproofing by applying different sheets (moisture-permeable waterproof sheets 24, 34 and moisture-proof sheets 26, 36) to the outdoor and indoor sides. Thus, the present invention can be implemented in a variety of ways. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0067] 10 Buildings 20 Unit Components 22 Structural materials 22A Wooden frame (wooden component) 22B Reinforced gypsum board (fire-resistant board) 24 Breathable waterproof sheet 26 Moisture-proof sheet 30 Unit Components 30A Unit Components 30B Unit component 32 Structural materials 32A Core material (wooden component) 32B Reinforced gypsum board (fire-resistant board) 34 Breathable waterproof sheet 36 Moisture-proof sheet

Claims

1. Structural materials including wooden members that make up the columns or walls of a building, A breathable waterproof sheet covering the outdoor side of the structural material, A moisture-proof sheet covering the indoor side surface of the aforementioned structural material, A unit component equipped with [a specific feature / ability].

2. The aforementioned breathable waterproof sheet is stretched upward from the outdoor side of the structural material, covering its upper end surface. The unit member according to claim 1.

3. The unit member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the breathable waterproof sheet is attached downward from the lower end of the outdoor side surface of the structural material.

4. The aforementioned structural material is formed by covering the wooden member with a fire-resistant board. The unit member according to claim 1 or 2.

Images