Refrigeration equipment

Abstract

It suppresses clogging and also prevents a decrease in efficiency. [Solution] The refrigeration device (100) comprises a flow path (111), a compressor (131), a first heat recovery unit (133), a second heat recovery unit (134), and a pressure reduction unit (132). The flow path carries a refrigerant and an adsorbent. The adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant in response to changes in the refrigerant's pressure. The first and second heat recovery units recover the heat and cold generated when the adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant. The pressure reduction unit is provided between the first and second heat recovery units and reduces the pressure of the refrigerant. An adsorption fluid, in which the adsorbent is dispersed in a liquid dispersion medium, is flowed through the flow path together with the refrigerant.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] Regarding refrigeration equipment. [Background technology]

[0002] Conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Document 1 (U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2023 / 0417459), refrigeration systems equipped with an adsorption refrigeration cycle that utilizes the heat generated when a refrigerant is adsorbed and desorbed from an adsorbent containing a metal-organic structure have been used. As such refrigeration systems, a circulating type refrigeration system is known that has a refrigerant channel through which a mixture of refrigerant and adsorbent is circulated. [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0003] In the circulating refrigeration system described in Patent Document 1 above, a mixture of refrigerant and adsorbent circulates within the refrigerant circuit. However, since the adsorbent is made of solid particles, it is prone to clogging within the refrigerant circuit. [Means for solving the problem]

[0004] The first refrigeration system comprises a flow path, a compressor, a first heat recovery unit, a second heat recovery unit, and a pressure reduction unit. A refrigerant and an adsorbent flow through the flow path. The adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs (detaches) the refrigerant in response to changes in the refrigerant pressure. The compressor compresses the refrigerant. The first heat recovery unit is connected to the discharge side of the compressor and recovers the heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant. The second heat recovery unit is connected to the suction side of the compressor and recovers the cold generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant. The pressure reduction unit is provided between the first and second heat recovery units and reduces the pressure of the refrigerant. An adsorbent fluid, in which the adsorbent is dispersed in a liquid dispersion medium, flows through the flow path together with the refrigerant.

[0005] According to the first aspect of the refrigeration device, by dispersing the adsorbent in a liquid dispersion medium, the fluidity of the adsorbent can be increased, thereby suppressing clogging of the adsorbent in the flow path.

[0006] The refrigeration device of the second aspect is the refrigeration device of the first aspect, and the dispersion medium is (KQ ref , s , m ,

[0010] , m , ref , , s , -Gr ref C ref △T-(Gr m C m △T+Gr s C s △T)) / W>1 for K and C s and has.

[0007] Here, Q ads is the amount of heat of warm heat in the first heat recovery section or the amount of heat of cold heat in the second heat recovery section. K is the rate at which the amount of heat of warm heat (adsorption heat) or cold heat (desorption heat) decreases due to the dispersion medium. Gr ref is the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the flow path. C ref is the specific heat of the refrigerant. Gr m is the flow rate of the adsorbent flowing through the flow path. C m is the specific heat of the adsorbent. Gr s is the flow rate of the dispersion medium flowing through the flow path. C s is the specific heat of the dispersion medium. △T is the difference between the outlet temperature of the adsorption fluid in the first heat recovery section and the outlet temperature of the adsorption fluid in the second heat recovery section. W is the power consumption.

[0008] The inventor focused on the fact that the efficiency may decrease by mixing the dispersion medium, and came up with the above formula considering the rate K at which the warm heat and cold heat decrease due to the dispersion medium. Therefore, in the refrigeration device of the second aspect, a dispersion medium that satisfies the above formula is selected, so that a decrease in efficiency can be suppressed. Therefore, clogging can be suppressed and a decrease in efficiency can be suppressed.

[0009] The refrigeration device of the third aspect is the refrigeration device of the second aspect, and the dispersion medium is (KQ ads -Gr ref C ref △T-(Gr m C m △T+Gr s C s △T)) / W>1.67 for K and Cs and has.

[0010] In the third-party refrigeration system, a dispersion medium with K and Cs exceeding a COP of 1.67 is used. Therefore, even considering the power generation efficiency of the primary energy, a refrigeration system with a COP exceeding 1.0 can be realized.

[0011] The refrigeration apparatus of the fourth aspect is the refrigeration apparatus of the second or third aspect, wherein the dispersion medium is μ s (1+2.5ρ s / (9ρ s +ρ m ρ satisfying < 1[Pa·s] s and μ s It has the density of the adsorbent ρ. m Let ρ be the density of the dispersion medium. s Let's assume the viscosity of the dispersion medium is μ s Let's assume that.

[0012] In the fourth aspect of refrigeration equipment, μ s (1+2.5ρ s / (9ρ s +ρ m Since a dispersion medium is selected that satisfies the viscosity of the adsorbed fluid estimated by )) to less than 1 [Pa·s], the fluidity of the adsorbed fluid can be improved.

[0013] The refrigeration apparatus of the fifth aspect is a refrigeration apparatus of any of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the adsorbent is selected from the group consisting of MOF-5, MIL-53, MIL-101, MOF-200, Uio-66, HKUST1, ZIF8, and ZnDatzBdc. The dispersion medium is selected from the group consisting of lubricating oil, fatty oil, and ionic liquid.

[0014] In the fifth aspect of the refrigeration system, efficiency can be improved by using the above-mentioned adsorbent and dispersion medium.

[0015] The refrigeration apparatus of the sixth aspect is a refrigeration apparatus of any of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the refrigerant comprises at least one of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, ammonia, water, hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs).

[0016] As in the refrigeration system of the sixth aspect, refrigerants containing at least one of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, ammonia, water, HFCs, and HFOs are suitably used as refrigerants in adsorption refrigeration cycle systems.

[0017] The refrigeration system of the seventh aspect is a refrigeration system of any of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the pressure at which the refrigerant is adsorbed onto the adsorbent in the first heat recovery section (adsorption pressure) is 2 [MPa]. The pressure at which the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent in the second heat recovery section (desorption pressure) is 0.5 [MPa].

[0018] As with the refrigeration system described in the seventh aspect, adsorbents and refrigerants with the above-mentioned adsorption pressure and desorption pressure may be used.

[0019] The refrigeration apparatus of the eighth perspective is a refrigeration apparatus of any of the first, fourth, or seventh perspectives, wherein the dispersion medium is (KQ ads -45Gr m (C m +(1 / Z-1)C s ) / W > 1 has K and Cs.

[0020] Here, Q ads This is the amount of heat (heat of adsorption) in the first heat recovery section, or the amount of heat (heat of desorption) in the second heat recovery section. K is the rate at which the amount of heat (heat of adsorption) or heat (heat of desorption) decreases due to the dispersion medium. G rm This is the flow rate of the adsorbent material flowing through the channel. m is the specific heat of the adsorbent. Cs is the specific heat of the dispersion medium. Z is the ratio of the adsorbent to the adsorbent fluid. W is the power consumption.

[0021] According to the refrigeration apparatus of the eighth perspective, the fluidity of the adsorbent can be increased by dispersing it in a liquid dispersion medium, thereby suppressing clogging of the adsorbent in the flow path. However, mixing the dispersion medium may reduce efficiency. Therefore, in the refrigeration apparatus of the eighth perspective, a dispersion medium that can suppress the reduction in efficiency can be easily selected using the simplified formula above, which takes into account the rate K at which the heat and cold are reduced by the dispersion medium. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0022] [Figure 1] This is a conceptual diagram of a refrigeration system equipped with a refrigeration cycle. [Figure 2] This graph shows the relationship between the amount of adsorption by the adsorbent and the pressure of the refrigerant. [Figure 3] This graph shows the relationship between the amount of adsorption by the adsorbent and the enthalpy of the refrigerant. [Figure 4] This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration device according to the first embodiment. [Figure 5] This is a block diagram of the refrigeration system according to the first embodiment. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0023] (1) Overview of the refrigeration cycle The refrigeration system of this embodiment includes a refrigeration cycle that utilizes the heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs a refrigerant and when the adsorbent desorbs a refrigerant. The refrigeration system is, for example, an air conditioning system. The adsorbent is a powder of an adsorbent material.

[0024] The refrigeration system of this embodiment is a circulating type refrigeration system in which an adsorbent and a refrigerant circulate. As shown in Figure 1, the circulating type refrigeration system 1 includes a refrigerant circuit 11 through which the refrigerant circulates, and an adsorption circuit 12 through which the adsorbent circulates. In Figure 1, the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 are described as separate circuits. The refrigeration system 1 may also have a configuration in which the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 merge into a flow path. In this case, the refrigeration system 1 is part of the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 and has a flow path through which a mixture of the refrigerant and the adsorbent circulates. Alternatively, the refrigeration system 1 may have only one circuit through which a mixture of the refrigerant and the adsorbent circulates.

[0025] The refrigeration device 1 has an adsorption section 21 and a desorption section 22. Both the adsorption section 21 and the desorption section 22 include a part of the refrigerant circuit 11 and a part of the adsorption circuit 12. In the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant from the refrigerant circuit 11 is adsorbed onto the adsorbent material flowing through the adsorption circuit 12. In the desorption section 22, the refrigerant adsorbed in the adsorption section 21 is desorbed from the adsorbent material flowing through the adsorption circuit 12.

[0026] The refrigerant circuit 11 includes a compressor 31 and an expansion mechanism 32. The compressor 31 compresses the refrigerant circulating within the refrigerant circuit 11. The expansion mechanism 32 reduces the pressure of the refrigerant circulating within the refrigerant circuit 11. The compressor 31 is, for example, a rotary compressor. The expansion mechanism 32 is, for example, an electronic expansion valve. In the refrigerant circuit 11, the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 31, passes through the adsorption section 21, reduced in pressure by the expansion mechanism 32, passes through the desorption section 22, and is compressed again by the compressor 31.

[0027] The refrigerant circuit 11 has a high-pressure region and a low-pressure region. In the high-pressure region, the refrigerant flows after being compressed by the compressor 31 and before being depressurized by the expansion mechanism 32. In the low-pressure region, the refrigerant flows after being depressurized by the expansion mechanism 32 and before being compressed by the compressor 31. The high-pressure region is included in the adsorption section 21. The low-pressure region is included in the desorption section 22.

[0028] The refrigerant circulating within the refrigerant circuit 11 includes at least one of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, ammonia, water, HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons), and HFOs (hydrofluoroolefins). The hydrocarbons are selected from the group consisting of, for example, propane, butane, and isobutane.

[0029] The adsorption circuit 12 includes a booster 41 and a pressure reducer 42. The booster 41 transports the adsorbent material to the adsorption section 21 in the adsorption circuit 12. The pressure reducer 42 transports the adsorbent material to the attachment / detachment section 22 in the adsorption circuit 12. The booster 41 is, for example, a powder pump. The pressure reducer 42 is, for example, a powder valve. In the adsorption circuit 12, the adsorbent material passes through the adsorption section 21 via the booster 41 and through the attachment / detachment section 22 via the pressure reducer 42. The adsorption circuit 12 may further include a heat exchanger 43. The heat exchanger 43 performs heat exchange between the upstream side of the booster 41 and the upstream side of the depressurizer 42. The heat exchanger 43 transfers a portion of the heat from the adsorbent flowing between the adsorption section 21 and the depressurizer 42 to the adsorbent flowing between the desorption section 22 and the booster 41.

[0030] The adsorbent circulating in the adsorption circuit 12 includes a metal-organic framework containing metal ions and organic ligands. A metal-organic framework (MOF) is a porous material with a very large specific surface area obtained by the reaction of metal ions and organic ligands. In a metal-organic framework, the organic ligands link with the metal ions to obtain a polymeric structure with countless openings inside. The opening diameter and topology of the metal-organic framework can be adjusted by selecting and combining metal ions and organic ligands. By selecting and combining metal ions and organic ligands, the opening diameter of the metal-organic framework can be adjusted, enabling selective adsorption of target substances. For example, metal-organic frameworks are used as porous materials that have the function of selective storage and separation of molecules and ions. In this embodiment, the metal-organic framework is used as an adsorbent for adsorbing and desorbing a refrigerant. Examples of metal-organic frameworks include MOF-5, MOF-200, UiO-66, and MIL-101. The adsorbent is, for example, a powder of a metal-organic structure.

[0031] (2) Operation of refrigeration unit 1 The operation of the circulating refrigeration system 1 will be explained with reference to the drawings. The adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 11. The adsorbent adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant in response to changes in the pressure of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 11. Specifically, the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant under high pressure and desorbs the refrigerant under low pressure.

[0032] Assume that the high-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11 is filled with refrigerant at pressure pH and temperature TH. Assume that the low-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11 is filled with refrigerant at pressure pL and temperature TL. Pressure pH is higher than pressure pL. Temperature TH is higher than temperature TL. The adsorbent adsorbs refrigerant in the high-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11. The adsorbent desorbs refrigerant in the low-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11. In the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant flowing in the high-pressure region of the refrigerant circuit 11 is adsorbed onto the adsorbent of the adsorption circuit 12. In the desorption section 22, the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent flowing through the adsorption circuit 12.

[0033] The operation of the heat pump cycle of refrigeration system 1 will be explained with reference to Figures 1 to 3. Figures 1 to 3 show the refrigerant cycle a→b→c→d→a in the refrigerant circuit 11, and the adsorbent cycle a'→b'→c'→d'→a' in the adsorption circuit 12. The graph in Figure 2 shows the adsorption amount, which is the mass of refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent per unit mass, and the change in the pressure of the refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent, in the heat pump cycle. The graph in Figure 3 shows the adsorption amount of the adsorbent and the change in the enthalpy of the refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent, in the heat pump cycle. In refrigeration system 1, it is assumed that heat can flow freely between the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12.

[0034] In the refrigerant circuit 11, the refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 31 (a→b). In the adsorption circuit 12, the adsorbent is circulated using the booster 41 (a'→b'). As a result, the pressure of the refrigerant increases from pL to pH. During this process, some of the heat Q1 generated by the adiabatic compression of the refrigerant is transferred to the adsorbent. In other words, the refrigerant is cooled by transferring heat to the adsorbent while being compressed. As a result, the temperature of the adsorbent rises from TL to TH.

[0035] Next, in the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant is gradually adsorbed onto the adsorbent while releasing heat Q2 (b'→c'). During this process, the amount of adsorption on the adsorbent increases from mL to mH. As a result, in the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant from the refrigerant circuit 11 is adsorbed onto the adsorbent of the adsorption circuit 12. In Figure 1, as indicated by the hatched arrows within the adsorption section 21, the refrigerant from the refrigerant circuit 11 is adsorbed onto the adsorbent circulating in the adsorption circuit 12.

[0036] Next, in the refrigerant circuit 11, the refrigerant is depressurized by the expansion mechanism 32 (c→d). In the adsorption circuit 12, the adsorbent is circulated by the pressure reducer 42. As a result, the refrigerant pressure decreases from pH to pL. During this process, the temperature of the adsorbent decreases from TH to TL due to the isenthalpic expansion of the refrigerant desorbed from the adsorbent. Also, due to the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the adsorbent, the adsorbent in the adsorption circuit 12 is cooled, transferring heat Q3 to the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 11. Furthermore, heat Q5 is transferred from the adsorbent before it passes through the pressure reducer 42 to the adsorbent before it passes through the pressure booster 41 by the heat exchanger 43.

[0037] Next, in the desorption section 22, the refrigerant is gradually desorbed from the adsorbent while absorbing heat Q4 (d'→a'). During this process, the amount of adsorbed material decreases from mH to mL. As a result, the refrigerant adsorbed on the adsorbent in the adsorption circuit 12 is desorbed. In Figure 1, as indicated by the hatched arrows within the desorption section 22, the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent in the adsorption circuit 12 in the desorption section 22.

[0038] As shown in Figure 2, during the adsorption process (b'→c') in which the refrigerant is adsorbed onto the adsorbent, the pressure of the refrigerant is pH, and the amount of adsorbed by the adsorbent increases from mL to mH. During the desorption process (d'→a') in which the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent, the pressure of the refrigerant is pL, and the amount of adsorbed by the adsorbent decreases from mH to mL. As shown in Figure 3, during the adsorption process, the enthalpy decreases by Δh1. During the desorption process, the enthalpy increases by Δh2. During the adsorption process, the heat Q2 released from the adsorption part 21 is proportional to Δh1. During the desorption process, the heat Q4 absorbed by the desorption part 22 is proportional to Δh2.

[0039] In the refrigeration device 1, heat Q2 is released in the adsorption section 21 (first heat recovery section), generating warmth, and heat Q4 is absorbed in the desorption section 22 (second heat recovery section), generating cold energy. When the warmth generated in the adsorption section 21 is recovered by another heat transfer medium, the temperature of that heat transfer medium rises. When the cold energy generated in the desorption section 22 is recovered by another heat transfer medium, the temperature of that heat transfer medium decreases.

[0040] (3) Detailed configuration (3-1) First Embodiment The specific configuration of the circulating refrigeration system 100 will be explained with reference to the drawings.

[0041] (3-1-1) Configuration of the refrigeration system 100 The refrigeration device 100 of the first embodiment includes a flow path 111 through which the refrigerant circulates, as shown in Figure 4. The flow path 111 incorporates the functions of both the refrigerant circuit 11 and the adsorption circuit 12 shown in Figure 1. In this embodiment, an adsorption fluid, in which an adsorbent is dispersed in a liquid dispersion medium, circulates within the flow path 111 together with the refrigerant. In other words, in the refrigeration device 100, a mixture of the refrigerant and the adsorption fluid (hereinafter also referred to as the "mixed fluid") flows within the flow path 111.

[0042] In Figure 4, the flow path 111 has a first flow path 111a through which the mixed fluid flows, a second flow path 111b through which only the refrigerant flows, and a third flow path 111c through which only the adsorbed fluid flows. The second flow path 11b and the third flow path 111c merge at the confluence section 111d.

[0043] The refrigeration system 100 includes a compressor 131, a booster 141, a depressurization unit 132, a first heat recovery unit 133, a second heat recovery unit 134, a switching mechanism 135, a first fan 136, a second fan 137, and a separation unit 138. The flow path 111 connects the compressor 131, the booster 141, the depressurization unit 132, the first heat recovery unit 133, the second heat recovery unit 134, the switching mechanism 135, and the separation unit 138.

[0044] Compressor 131 has the same function as compressor 31 in Figure 1. Compressor 131 is a transport mechanism that transports refrigerant within the flow path 111. Here, compressor 131 is located in the second flow path 111b.

[0045] The booster 141 has the same function as the booster 41 in Figure 1. The booster 141 is a transport mechanism that transports the adsorbed fluid within the flow path 111. Here, the booster 141 is located in the third flow path 111c.

[0046] The pressure reducing unit 132 incorporates the functions of both the expansion mechanism 32 and the pressure reducing valve 42 shown in Figure 1. The pressure reducing unit 132 has the function of adjusting the opening of the passage through which the mixed fluid passes. The pressure reducing unit 132 is, for example, an electronic expansion valve.

[0047] The switching mechanism 135 switches the flow direction of the mixed fluid circulating in the flow path 111. The switching mechanism 135 is, for example, a four-way switching valve. The switching mechanism 135 is configured to switch the flow path 111 between a first state, the flow direction shown by the solid line in Figure 4, and a second state, the flow direction shown by the dashed line in Figure 4. When the flow path 111 is in the first state, the discharge side of the compressor 131 and booster 141 is connected to the first heat recovery unit 133, and the suction side of the compressor 131 and booster 141 is connected to the second heat recovery unit 134. When the flow path 111 is in the second state, the discharge side of the compressor 131 and booster 141 is connected to the second heat recovery unit 134, and the suction side of the compressor 131 and booster 141 is connected to the first heat recovery unit 133.

[0048] In the first heat recovery unit 133, the refrigerant is adsorbed onto the adsorbent while the flow path 111 is in the first state, and the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent while the flow path 111 is in the second state. In the second heat recovery unit 134, the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent while the flow path 111 is in the first state, and the refrigerant is adsorbed onto the adsorbent while the flow path 111 is in the second state.

[0049] While the flow path 111 is in the first state, adsorption heat (warmth) is generated in the first heat recovery unit 133, and desorption heat (coldness) is generated in the second heat recovery unit 134. While the flow path 111 is in the second state, desorption heat is generated in the first heat recovery unit 133, and adsorption heat is generated in the second heat recovery unit 134. Adsorption heat is the warmth generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant. Desorption heat is the coldness generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant.

[0050] The heat of adsorption or desorption generated in the first heat recovery unit 133 and the second heat recovery unit 134 is recovered into the air surrounding the first heat recovery unit 133 and the second heat recovery unit 134. Therefore, the air surrounding the first heat recovery unit 133 and the second heat recovery unit 134 is heated by the heat of adsorption or cooled by the heat of desorption. The first fan 136 sends the air heated or cooled in the first heat recovery unit 133 to a predetermined location. The second fan 137 sends the air heated or cooled in the second heat recovery unit 134 to a predetermined location.

[0051] Thus, in the refrigeration system 100, as the mixed fluid circulates through the flow path 111, air heated by adsorption heat or cooled by desorption heat is sent to a predetermined location. If the refrigeration system 100 is an air conditioning system, for example, the first heat recovery unit 133 corresponds to an outdoor heat exchanger, and the second heat recovery unit 134 corresponds to an indoor heat exchanger. In this case, by switching the flow path 111 to the first state, the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent in the second heat recovery unit 134, generating desorption heat. The air cooled by the desorption heat is sent to a predetermined location by the second fan 137. Also, by switching the flow path 111 to the second state, the refrigerant is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the second heat recovery unit 134, generating adsorption heat. The air heated by the adsorption heat is sent to a predetermined location by the second fan 137.

[0052] The separation unit 138 is a container or device that separates the mixed fluid, which has been depressurized after passing through the depressurization unit 132, into a refrigerant and an adsorbent fluid. The separation unit 138 is, for example, a container having a mechanism for centrifuging the adsorbent by swirling the mixed fluid inside. The adsorbent fluid separated in the separation unit 138 falls due to gravity and accumulates in the first space 138a at the bottom of the container of the separation unit 138. In Figure 4, the adsorbent fluid accumulated in the first space 138a is shown as a hatched area. The refrigerant separated in the separation unit 138 remains in the second space 138b above the first space 138a.

[0053] The separation section 138 has an inlet 138c, a first outlet 138d, and a second outlet 138e. Mixed fluid flows into the inlet 138c. The inlet 138c is connected to the first flow path 111a. Coolant flows out from the second space 138b through the first outlet 138d. The first outlet 138d is connected to the second flow path 111b. Adsorbed fluid flows out from the first space 138a through the second outlet 138e. The second outlet 138e is connected to the third flow path 111c.

[0054] The refrigeration system 100 further includes a control unit 105 as shown in Figure 5. The control unit 105 controls the operation of each component of the refrigeration system 100. Here, a processor is given as an example of the control unit 105. The processor consists of various computing devices such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit). The processor reads various programs of the device into memory and executes them. The processor loads the programs stored in memory into the working area of ​​the memory and executes them, and by controlling each component through the execution of the programs, it realizes functions that match a predetermined purpose.

[0055] As shown in Figure 5, the control unit 105 controls the compressor 131, the pressure reducing unit 132, the switching mechanism 135, the first fan 136, the second fan 137, and the booster 141. The control unit 105 controls the rotational speed of the compressor 131. The control unit 105 controls the timing for starting the compressor 131 and the timing for stopping the compressor 131. The control unit 105 controls the opening degree of the pressure reducing unit 132. The control unit 105 controls the switching mechanism 135 to switch the flow path 111 between the first state and the second state. The control unit 105 controls the rotational speed of the first fan 136 and the second fan 137. The control unit 105 controls the rotational speed of the booster 141. The control unit 105 controls the timing for starting the booster 141 and the timing for stopping the booster 141.

[0056] (3-1-2) Operation of the refrigeration unit 100 When the flow path 111 is in the first state, the discharge side of the compressor 131 is connected to the first heat recovery unit 133 to create a high-pressure state inside the first heat recovery unit 133, and the suction side of the compressor 131 is connected to the second heat recovery unit 134 to create a low-pressure state inside the second heat recovery unit 134. As a result, the adsorbent material of the adsorbent fluid flowing through the flow path 111 adsorbs the refrigerant in the first heat recovery unit 133 and desorbs the refrigerant in the second heat recovery unit 134.

[0057] When the flow path 111 is in the first state, the mixed fluid that has passed through the second heat recovery unit 134 flows into the separation unit 138 and is separated into refrigerant and adsorbed fluid. The refrigerant separated in the separation unit 138 flows from the second space 138b through the first outlet unit 138d into the second flow path 111b, is compressed by the compressor 131, and then flows to the confluence unit 111d. The adsorbed fluid separated in the separation unit 138 flows from the first space 138a through the second outlet unit 138e into the third flow path 111c, is pressurized by the booster 141, and then flows to the confluence unit 111d. In the confluence unit 111d, the refrigerant and adsorbed fluid are mixed to form a mixed fluid, which passes through the switching mechanism 135, the first heat recovery unit 133, the pressure reduction unit 132, the second heat recovery unit 134, and the switching mechanism 135 in that order, and flows into the separation unit 138 via the inlet unit 138c.

[0058] When the flow path 111 is in the second state, the discharge side of the compressor 131 is connected to the second heat recovery unit 134 to create a high-pressure state inside the second heat recovery unit 134, and the suction side of the compressor 131 is connected to the first heat recovery unit 133 to create a low-pressure state inside the first heat recovery unit 133. As a result, the adsorbent material of the adsorbent fluid flowing through the flow path 111 adsorbs the refrigerant in the second heat recovery unit 134 and desorbs the refrigerant in the first heat recovery unit 133.

[0059] When the flow path 111 is in the second state, the mixed fluid that has passed through the first heat recovery unit 133 flows into the separation unit 138 and is separated into refrigerant and adsorbed fluid. The refrigerant separated in the separation unit 138 flows from the second space 138b through the first outlet unit 138d into the second flow path 111b, is compressed by the compressor 131, and then flows to the confluence unit 111d. The adsorbed fluid separated in the separation unit 138 flows from the first space 138a through the second outlet unit 138e into the third flow path 111c, is pressurized by the booster 141, and then flows to the confluence unit 111d. In the confluence unit 111d, the refrigerant and adsorbed fluid are mixed to form a mixed fluid, which passes through the switching mechanism 135, the second heat recovery unit 134, the pressure reduction unit 132, the first heat recovery unit 133, and the switching mechanism 135 in that order, and flows into the separation unit 138 via the inlet unit 138c.

[0060] (3-1-3) Details of the refrigeration unit 100 (3-1-3-1) Refrigeration device 100 In the following description, the refrigeration system 100 is an air conditioning system in which the first heat recovery unit 133 is an outdoor heat exchanger and the second heat recovery unit 134 is an indoor heat exchanger. When the flow path 111 is in the first state, the refrigeration system 100 performs cooling operation. When the flow path 111 is in the second state, the refrigeration system 100 performs heating operation.

[0061] The flow path 111 contains a refrigerant and an adsorption fluid. The adsorption fluid comprises a solid (powdered) adsorbent and a liquid dispersion medium in which the adsorbent is dispersed. In other words, the adsorption fluid is a liquid dispersion medium in which solid particles of adsorbent are scattered. Since the powdered adsorbent, which has poor fluidity, is dispersed in the liquid dispersion medium, the adsorption fluid is a liquid with improved fluidity.

[0062] However, the dispersion medium may reduce the efficiency of heat exchange between the adsorbent and the refrigerant due to the heat capacity of the dispersion medium itself. In addition, the dispersion medium may hinder the adsorption and desorption of the refrigerant by the adsorbent. In light of these effects of the dispersion medium, in this embodiment, a dispersion medium is selected that satisfies the following equation (1), which includes a dimensionless K [value] that reduces the heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant (adsorption heat) and the cold generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant. Equation (1):(KQ ads -Gr ref C ref △T-(Gr m C m △T+Gr s C s △T)) / W>1

[0063] Preferably, a dispersion medium that satisfies the following equation (2) is selected. Equation (2):(KQ ads -Gr ref C ref △T-(Gr m C m △T+Gr s C s △T)) / W>1.67

[0064] Here, we will explain equations (1) and (2). In the following explanation, we will use the case where carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant and MIL-101 is used as the adsorbent as an example.

[0065] The refrigeration system 100 of this embodiment has a coefficient of performance (COP) greater than 1, calculated by the following formula (3), taking efficiency into consideration. COP is a dimensionless index representing the energy consumption efficiency of the refrigeration system 100. Equation (3): COP = Q / W

[0066] In equation (3), W is the power consumption [kW] of the refrigeration unit 100. Here, the power consumption W is the power input to the compressor 131, booster 141, first fan 136, second fan 137, etc.

[0067] In equation (3), Q is the cooling capacity [kW] of the refrigeration unit 100 when the flow path 111 is in the first state. Q is the heating capacity [kW] of the refrigeration unit 100 when the flow path 111 is in the second state.

[0068] Q is calculated using the following formula (4). Equation (4): Q=K×Q ads -Q ref -Q mof

[0069] In equation (4), Q ads Q is the amount of heat [kW] of adsorption heat in the first heat recovery unit 133, or the amount of heat [kW] of desorption heat in the second heat recovery unit 134, when the flow path 111 is in the first state. In other words, Q ads This is the amount of thermal energy [kW] generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant in the first heat recovery unit 133 when the flow path 111 is in the first state, or the amount of cold energy [kW] generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant in the second heat recovery unit 134.

[0070] Furthermore, if the flow path 111 is in the second state, Q ads Q is the amount of heat [kW] of desorption heat in the first heat recovery unit 133, or the amount of heat [kW] of adsorption heat in the second heat recovery unit 134. In other words, Q ads This is the amount of cooling heat [kW] generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant in the first heat recovery unit 133 when the flow path 111 is in the second state, or the amount of cooling heat [kW] generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant in the second heat recovery unit 134.

[0071] Here, when the flow path 111 is in the first state, the amount of heat [kW] of adsorption heat in the first heat recovery unit 133 and the amount of heat [kW] of desorption heat in the second heat recovery unit 134 are the same. Also, when the flow path 111 is in the second state, the amount of heat [kW] of adsorption heat in the second heat recovery unit 134 and the amount of heat [kW] of desorption heat in the first heat recovery unit 133 are the same.

[0072] In equation (4), Q refThis is the heat loss due to the heat capacity of the refrigerant. The heat loss is the amount of heat [kW] of the refrigerant that is not used for heat exchange in the first heat recovery unit 133 or the second heat recovery unit 134. Q ref This is calculated using the following formula (5). Formula (5):Q ref =Gr ref ×C ref ×△T

[0073] In equation (5), Gr ref This is the flow rate [kg / s] of the refrigerant flowing through the flow path 111. In other words, Gr ref This is the refrigerant circulation rate, which is the mass of refrigerant flowing through the flow path 111 per second. ref This is the specific heat of the refrigerant [kJ / (kg·K)].

[0074] △T is the difference [°C] between the outlet temperature [°C] of the adsorbed fluid in the first heat recovery unit 133 and the outlet temperature [°C] of the adsorbed fluid in the second heat recovery unit 134. The outlet temperature of the adsorbed fluid is the temperature of the adsorbed fluid immediately after it flows out of the first heat recovery unit 133 and the second heat recovery unit 134. △T is a value that can be measured, for example, by the following method: A gas-liquid separator is installed at the outlet of the first heat recovery unit 133 and the outlet of the second heat recovery unit 134. The adsorbed fluid and the refrigerant are separated by the gas-liquid separator, and the outlet temperature of the adsorbed fluid accumulated at the bottom is measured using a temperature sensor to obtain the value of the outlet temperature of the adsorbed fluid. Note that equilibrium is reached in a short time, so the temperature of the adsorbed fluid, the temperature of the adsorbent, and the temperature of the dispersion medium are substantially the same.

[0075] In equation (4), Q mof This is the heat loss due to the heat capacity of the adsorbed fluid. Q mof This is calculated using the following formula (6). Formula (6): Gr m ×C m ×△T+Gr s ×C s ×△T

[0076] In equation (6), Gr m This is the flow rate [kg / s] of the adsorbent material flowing through channel 111. In other words, Gr mis the circulation amount of the adsorbent, which is the mass of the adsorbent flowing through the flow path 111 per second. C m is the specific heat of the adsorbent [kJ / (kg·K)]. Gr s is the flow rate of the dispersion medium flowing through the flow path 111 [kg / s]. In other words, Gr s is the circulation amount of the dispersion medium, which is the mass of the dispersion medium flowing through the flow path 111 per second. C s is the specific heat of the dispersion medium [kJ / (kg·K)].

[0077] Note that the flow rate Gr of the refrigerant ref is measured as follows, for example. An air-liquid separator is installed in the flow path 111 to separate the refrigerant and the adsorption fluid. Then, the flow rate of the separated refrigerant is measured using a flow rate sensor.

[0078] Also, the flow rate Gr of the adsorbent m and the flow rate Gr of the dispersion medium s are measured as follows, for example. An air-liquid separator is installed in the flow path 111, and the flow rate of the separated adsorption fluid is measured using a flow rate sensor. Since the adsorbent is solid particles and the dispersion medium is a liquid, it is filtered using a filter or the like and further separated into the adsorbent and the dispersion medium. Then, the weight of the adsorbent and the weight of the dispersion medium are measured, and they can be obtained respectively from the weight ratio and the flow rate of the adsorption fluid.

[0079] Substituting equations (4) to (6) into equation (3) gives the following equation (7). Equation (7): COP=(KQ ads -Gr ref C ref △T-(Gr m C m △T+Gr s C s △T)) / W [[ID=4�]]

[0080] Note that W in equations (3) and (7) is calculated by the following equation (8). Equation (8): W=Gr ref ×△h comp +W mof

[0081] In Equation (8), Δh comp is the difference [kJ / kg] between the specific enthalpy [kJ / kg] of the refrigerant inhaled by the compressor 131 and the specific enthalpy [kJ / kg] of the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 131. W mof is the amount of work [kJ / s] received by the adsorbent during one cycle of the flow path 111 and is calculated by the following Equation (9). Equation (9): W mof =(Gr m / ρ m +Gr s / ρ s )×ΔP

[0082] In Equation (9), ρ m is the density [kg / m 3 of the adsorbent. ρ s is the density [kg / m 3 of the dispersion medium. ΔP is the differential pressure [Pa] between the pressure (adsorption pressure) at which the refrigerant is adsorbed by the adsorbent and the pressure (desorption pressure) at which the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent. Here, the adsorption pressure is 2 [MPa] and the desorption pressure is 0.5 [MPa]. Specifically, when the flow path 111 is in the first state, the pressure at which the refrigerant is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the first heat recovery unit 133 is 2 [MPa], and the pressure at which the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent in the second heat recovery unit 134 is 0.5 [MPa]. When the flow path 111 is in the second state, the pressure at which the refrigerant is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the second heat recovery unit 134 is 2 [MPa], and the pressure at which the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent in the first heat recovery unit 133 is 0.5 [MPa].

[0083] The refrigeration device 100 is designed such that the COP calculated by Equation (7) exceeds 1. For this reason, the dispersion medium has K and Cs that satisfy the above Equation (1). Specifically, when the flow rate Gr s of the dispersion medium flowing through the flow path 111 is used, the dispersion medium has K and Cs that satisfy the above Equation (1). Thus, in the refrigeration device 100, the adsorption fluid containing the dispersion medium that satisfies Equation (1) circulates through the flow path 111 together with the refrigerant.

[0084] Preferably, the COP is designed to exceed 1.67. For this reason, the dispersion medium preferably has K and Cs that satisfy the above formula (2).

[0085] Note that K is greater than 0 and less than 1. The larger K is, the greater the amount of heat Q in the first heat recovery unit 133 and the second heat recovery unit 134. ads This is preferable because it can suppress the decrease in [the specified value]. The dispersion medium in this embodiment has a K of 0.5 or higher.

[0086] The refrigerant in this embodiment is selected from the group consisting of, for example, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon refrigerants, ammonia, HFC refrigerants, HFO refrigerants, and water. Examples of hydrocarbon refrigerants include R290, R600, R600a, and R1270. Examples of HFC refrigerants include R32, R125, R134a, R143a, and R245fa. Examples of HFO refrigerants include R1234yf, R1234ze, R1233zd, R1123, and R1132(E). The adsorbent is selected from the group consisting of, for example, MOF-5, MIL-53, MIL-101, MOF-200, Uio-66, HKUST1, ZIF8, and ZnDatzBdc. In this case, the dispersion medium satisfying formula (1) is selected from the group consisting of, for example, lubricating oil, fatty oil, and ionic liquid. Lubricating oils include, for example, refrigerant oil. Fatty oils include, for example, olive oil and rapeseed oil. Ionic liquids include, for example, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate.

[0087] From the viewpoint of increasing fluidity, the viscosity of the adsorbed fluid is preferably less than 1 [Pa·s]. To realize such an adsorbed fluid, the dispersion medium of this embodiment has a density ρ that satisfies the following equation (10). s [kg / m 3 ] and viscosity μ s It has [Pa·s]. Equation (10): μ s (1+2.5ρ s / (9ρ s +ρ m ))<1[Pa·s]

[0088] In equation (10), ρ m The density of the adsorbent [kg / m³] 3 ] is. ρ s The density of the dispersion medium [kg / m³] 3 ] is μ s This is the viscosity [Pa·s] of the dispersion medium. Viscosity is a value measured according to JIS Z 8803.

[0089] (3-1-3-2) Method for selecting the dispersion medium The method for selecting the dispersion medium used in the refrigeration device 100 of this embodiment includes a step of selecting a dispersion medium that satisfies the above formula (1) or (2). Specifically, the heat quantity Q of the thermal energy in the first heat recovery unit 133 or the refrigeration energy in the second heat recovery unit 134. ads The flow rate Gr of the refrigerant flowing through the flow path 111 ref , Specific heat C of the refrigerant ref , the difference between the outlet temperature of the adsorbed fluid in the first heat recovery unit 133 and the outlet temperature of the adsorbed fluid in the second heat recovery unit 134 △T, and the flow rate of the adsorbent Gr m , specific heat C of the adsorbent m The flow rate Gr of the dispersion medium flowing through the channel 111 s , and determine the power consumption in W. Then, in equation (1) or (2), the determined Q ads , Gr ref , C ref ,△T,Gr m , C m , flow rate Gr s Substitute , and W. This will give us the percentage K at which the heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant and the cold generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant decrease due to the dispersion medium, and the specific heat C of the dispersion medium. s We will find the relationship between these two sets of K and C. s Select a dispersion medium that satisfies the following conditions.

[0090] By using the dispersion medium determined in this way, a refrigeration system 100 with a COP of more than 1 can be realized.

[0091] (3-1-4) Features (3-1-4-1) The refrigeration system 100 of this embodiment includes a flow path 111, a compressor 131, a first heat recovery unit 133, a second heat recovery unit 134, and a pressure reducing unit 132. The flow path 111 carries a refrigerant and an adsorption fluid. The adsorption fluid is made by dispersing an adsorbent, which adsorbs and desorbs (detaches) the refrigerant in response to changes in the pressure of the refrigerant, in a liquid dispersion medium. The compressor 131 compresses the refrigerant. The first heat recovery unit 133 is connected to the discharge side of the compressor 131 and recovers the heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant. The second heat recovery unit 134 is connected to the suction side of the compressor 131 and recovers the cold generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant. The pressure reducing unit 132 is provided between the first heat recovery unit 133 and the second heat recovery unit 134 and reduces the pressure of the refrigerant.

[0092] According to the refrigeration device 100 of this embodiment, the fluidity of the adsorbent can be increased by dispersing it in a liquid dispersion medium, thereby suppressing clogging of the adsorbent in the flow path 111.

[0093] (3-1-4-2) In the refrigeration apparatus 100 of this embodiment, preferably the dispersion medium is (KQ ads -Gr ref C ref △T-(Gr m C m △T+Gr s C s K and C satisfying △T)) / W>1 (Equation (1)) s It holds.

[0094] Here, Q ads is the amount of heat (heat of adsorption) in the first heat recovery unit 133, or the amount of heat (heat of desorption) in the second heat recovery unit 134. K is the rate at which the amount of heat (heat of adsorption) or heat (heat of desorption) decreases due to the dispersion medium. Gr ref This is the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the flow path 111. ref This is the specific heat of the refrigerant. m This is the flow rate of the adsorbent material flowing through channel 111. m This is the specific heat of the adsorbent. Gr s This is the flow rate of the dispersion medium flowing through channel 111. sis the specific heat of the dispersion medium. △T is the difference between the outlet temperature of the adsorbed fluid in the first heat recovery unit 133 and the outlet temperature of the adsorbed fluid in the second heat recovery unit 134. W is the power consumption.

[0095] The inventors of the present invention noticed that while the dispersion medium can suppress clogging of the adsorbent in the flow path 111, mixing the dispersion medium with the adsorbent may reduce efficiency. Therefore, they devised the above equation (1), which takes into account the rate at which the heat of adsorption and desorption decreases due to the dispersion medium (K). In the refrigeration device 100 of this embodiment, a dispersion medium satisfying the above equation (1) is selected, thus suppressing a decrease in the efficiency of the refrigeration device 100.

[0096] Therefore, clogging in the flow path 111 can be suppressed, and a decrease in the efficiency of the refrigeration device 100 can be suppressed.

[0097] (3-1-4-3) In the refrigeration apparatus 100 of this embodiment, preferably the dispersion medium is (KQ ads -Gr ref C ref △T-(Gr m C m △T+Gr s C s The system has K and Cs that satisfy △T)) / W > 1.67 (Equation (2)).

[0098] Here, a dispersion medium having K and Cs with a COP exceeding 1.67 is used. Therefore, even considering the power generation efficiency of primary energy (mainly fossil fuels), a refrigeration system 100 with a COP exceeding 1.0 can be realized.

[0099] (3-1-4-4) In the refrigeration apparatus 100 of this embodiment, preferably, the dispersion medium is μ s (1+2.5ρ s / (9ρ s +ρ m ρ satisfying ))<1[Pa·s](Equation (10)) s and μ s It has the density of the adsorbent ρ. m Let ρ be the density of the dispersion medium.s Let's assume the viscosity of the dispersion medium is μ s Let's assume that.

[0100] Here, μ s (1+2.5ρ s / (9ρ s +ρ m Since a dispersion medium is selected that satisfies the viscosity of the adsorbed fluid estimated by )) to less than 1 [Pa·s], the fluidity of the adsorbed fluid can be improved.

[0101] (3-1-4-5) In the refrigeration apparatus 100 of this embodiment, the adsorbent is preferably selected from the group consisting of MOF-5, MIL-53, MIL-101, MOF-200, Uio-66, HKUST1, ZIF8, and ZnDatzBdc. The dispersion medium is selected from the group consisting of lubricating oil, fatty oil, and ionic liquid.

[0102] Here, by using the above-mentioned adsorbent and dispersion medium, the efficiency of the refrigeration device 100 can be improved.

[0103] (3-1-4-6) In the refrigeration apparatus 100 of this embodiment, the refrigerant preferably includes at least one of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, ammonia, water, HFCs, and HFOs.

[0104] Thus, refrigerants containing at least one of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, ammonia, water, HFCs, and HFOs are suitably used as refrigerants in adsorption-type refrigeration cycle systems.

[0105] (3-1-4-7) In the refrigeration system 100 of this embodiment, the pressure at which the refrigerant is adsorbed onto the adsorbent in the first heat recovery unit 133 is 2 [MPa], and the pressure at which the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent in the second heat recovery unit 134 may be 0.5 [MPa].

[0106] Thus, adsorbents and refrigerants with the above-mentioned adsorption and desorption pressures may be used. Furthermore, these pressures may be used in calculating the power consumption W in equations (1) and (2).

[0107] Furthermore, if the refrigerant is carbon dioxide and the refrigerant is MIL-101, and under these pressure conditions, the dispersion medium can be selected using the flow rate and ΔT measurement methods described above, according to equations (1) and (2).

[0108] (3-2) Second Embodiment (3-2-1) Configuration of the refrigeration system The refrigeration apparatus of the second embodiment has basically the same configuration as the refrigeration apparatus 100 of the first embodiment shown in Figure 4. In this embodiment, the dispersion medium is (KQ ads -45Gr m (C m +(1 / Z-1)C s It differs from the first embodiment in that it has K and Cs that satisfy ) / W>1 (Equation (11)).

[0109] In equation (11), K, Q ads , G rm , C m , C s , and W are the same as in the first embodiment. Z is the ratio of the adsorbent to the adsorbent fluid (mass of the adsorbent / mass of the adsorbent fluid).

[0110] (3-2-2) Details of the refrigeration system Formula (11) used in this embodiment is a simplified version of formula (1) used in the first embodiment. Formula (11) will be described below.

[0111] The inventors have determined the specific heat C of the refrigerant. ref Because Q is small, in the capacity Q of the refrigeration device in equation (4) above, ref We have the knowledge that Q is sufficiently small. Therefore, ref Since the impact on the accuracy of selecting the dispersion medium is small even without considering it, we found that it can be omitted in this embodiment. Therefore, equation (11) is the same as in equation (1) Gr ref C ref The letter △T is omitted.

[0112] Furthermore, the inventors have found that, from the viewpoint of the operation of the refrigeration device 100, a difference of ΔT between the outlet temperature of the adsorbed fluid in the first heat recovery unit 133 and the outlet temperature of the adsorbed fluid in the second heat recovery unit 134 is preferably 45 [°C]. For this reason, equation (11) has a specific numerical value substituted for ΔT in equation (1).

[0113] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a new parameter, the ratio Z [dimensionless] of the adsorbent to the adsorbent fluid, is used. Z is expressed by the following equation (12). Equation (12): Z=G m / ( G m +G s )

[0114] In equation (12), G m This is the mass [kg] of the adsorbent. s Here, G is the mass [kg] of the dispersion medium. m +G s is the mass [kg] of the adsorbed fluid. Also, equation (12) is equivalent to equation (13) below. Equation (13): Z = Gr m / (Gr m +Gr s )

[0115] In the refrigeration apparatus of this embodiment, an adsorption fluid containing a dispersion medium that satisfies formula (11) circulates through the flow path 111 together with the refrigerant.

[0116] Preferably, the COP is designed to exceed 1.67. For this reason, the dispersion medium preferably has K and Cs that satisfy the following formula (14). Equation (14):(KQ ads -45Gr m (C m +(1 / Z-1)C s ) / W>1.67

[0117] (3-2-3) Method for selecting the dispersion medium The method for selecting the dispersion medium used in the refrigeration device 100 of this embodiment includes the step of selecting a dispersion medium that satisfies the above formula (11) or (14). Specifically, the heat quantity Q of the thermal energy in the first heat recovery unit 133 or the refrigeration energy in the second heat recovery unit 134. ads , flow rate of adsorbent Gr m , specific heat C of the adsorbent m Determine the ratio Z of the adsorbent to the adsorbent fluid, and the power consumption W. Then, in equation (11) or (14), the determined Q ads , Gr m , C m Substitute Z and W, and determine the rate at which the dispersion medium reduces the heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant and the cold generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant, K, and the specific heat C of the dispersion medium. s We will find the relationship between these two sets of K and C. s Select a dispersion medium that satisfies the following conditions.

[0118] By using the dispersion medium determined in this way, it is possible to realize a refrigeration system with a COP greater than 1.

[0119] (3-2-4) Features The refrigeration system of this embodiment comprises a flow path 111, a compressor 131, a first heat recovery unit 133, a second heat recovery unit 134, and a pressure reducing unit 132. The flow path 111 carries a refrigerant and an adsorption fluid. The adsorption fluid is made by dispersing an adsorbent, which adsorbs and desorbs (detaches) the refrigerant in response to changes in the pressure of the refrigerant, in a liquid dispersion medium. The compressor 131 compresses the refrigerant. The first heat recovery unit 133 is connected to the discharge side of the compressor 131 and recovers the heat generated when the adsorbent adsorbs the refrigerant. The second heat recovery unit 134 is connected to the suction side of the compressor 131 and recovers the cold generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant. The pressure reducing unit 132 is provided between the first heat recovery unit 133 and the second heat recovery unit 134 and reduces the pressure of the refrigerant.

[0120] The dispersion medium is (KQ ads -45Gr m (C m +(1 / Z-1)C s ) / W>1 (equation (11)) has K and Cs.

[0121] Here, Q ads This is the amount of heat (heat of adsorption) in the first heat recovery unit 133, or the amount of heat (heat of desorption) in the second heat recovery unit 134. K is the rate at which the amount of heat (heat of adsorption) or heat (heat of desorption) decreases due to the dispersion medium. G rm This is the flow rate of the adsorbent material flowing through channel 111. m is the specific heat of the adsorbent. Cs is the specific heat of the dispersion medium. Z is the ratio of the adsorbent to the adsorbent fluid. W is the power consumption.

[0122] According to the refrigeration device 100 of this embodiment, the fluidity of the adsorbent can be increased by dispersing it in a liquid dispersion medium, thereby suppressing clogging of the adsorbent in the flow path 111. However, mixing the dispersion medium may reduce efficiency. Therefore, using the simplified formula (11) above, which takes into account the rate at which the thermal and cooling temperatures decrease due to the dispersion medium, a dispersion medium that can suppress the reduction in efficiency can be easily selected.

[0123] (4) Variations (4-1) Variation A This modified example incorporates features of both the first and second embodiments. In detail, the refrigeration apparatus in this modified example is the same as that of the first embodiment. However, the method for selecting the dispersion medium in this modified example involves performing the selection method of the second embodiment first, followed by the selection method of the first embodiment.

[0124] Specifically, according to the second embodiment, K and C of formula (11) s A dispersion medium that satisfies the following conditions is selected. Next, it is determined whether the selected dispersion medium satisfies formula (1) of the first embodiment. If formula (1) is satisfied, that dispersion medium is used as the dispersion medium in the refrigeration device. On the other hand, if formula (1) is not satisfied, another dispersion medium that satisfies formula (1) is selected.

[0125] (4-2) Modification B In this modified example, equations (11) and (14) of the second embodiment use equations in which the assumed Z is input. Specifically, for example, the mass G of the adsorbent. m Assuming that it is present in 10 percent of the adsorbed fluid, we use Z=0.1. In this case, the dispersion medium is (KQ ads -45Gr m (C m +9C s The dispersion medium has K and Cs satisfying ) / W>1. Preferably, the dispersion medium is (KQ ads -45Gr m (C m +9C s It has K and Cs that satisfy ) / W > 1.67.

[0126] (4-3) Modification C The adsorbent used in the refrigeration device 100 is a metal-organic structure. However, materials other than metal-organic structures may be used as the adsorbent. Examples of materials other than metal-organic structures include activated carbon, zeolite-based materials, silica-based materials, and alumina-based materials.

[0127] (4-4) Modification D In the above embodiment, an air conditioning system was used as an example, but the invention is not limited thereto. The heat exchange medium that exchanges heat with the heat generated in the first heat recovery unit 133 and the second heat recovery unit 134 may be water, brine, or the like.

[0128] While embodiments of this disclosure have been described above, it should be understood that various modifications to the form and details are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure as described in the claims. [Explanation of symbols]

[0129] 100: Refrigeration equipment 111: Flow channel 131: Compressor 132: Pressure reduction section 133: First heat recovery unit 134: Second heat recovery unit C m ,C ref ,C s :specific heat Gr ref Gr m Gr s :flow K: cutting △T: Temperature difference Q ads Calories W: Electricity Consumption Z: than μ s Viscosity ρ m ,ρ s :density [Preliminary Technology Documents] [License]

[0130] [License 1] U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Publication No. 2023 / 0417459

Claims

1. A flow path (111) through which a refrigerant and an adsorbent that adsorbs and desorbs the refrigerant in response to changes in the pressure of the refrigerant flow, A compressor (131) for compressing the refrigerant, A first heat recovery unit (133, 134) is connected to the discharge side of the compressor and recovers the heat generated when the adsorbent material adsorbs the refrigerant, A second heat recovery unit (134, 133) is connected to the suction side of the compressor and recovers the cold energy generated when the adsorbent desorbs the refrigerant, A pressure reducing unit (132) is provided between the first heat recovery unit and the second heat recovery unit to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant, Equipped with, A refrigeration apparatus (100) that flows an adsorbent fluid, in which the adsorbent is dispersed in a liquid dispersion medium, through the flow path together with the refrigerant.

2. Q ａｄｓ This is the amount of heat from the first heat recovery unit or the amount of heat from the second heat recovery unit. K is the rate by which the amount of heat generated by the dispersion medium decreases, or the amount of heat generated by the cooling medium. Gr ｒｅｆ This is the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the aforementioned flow path, C ｒｅｆ This is the specific heat of the refrigerant, Gr ｍ This is the flow rate of the adsorbent material flowing through the channel, C ｍ This is the specific heat of the adsorbent, Gr ｓ This is the flow rate of the dispersion medium flowing through the channel, C ｓ This is the specific heat of the dispersion medium, △T is the difference between the outlet temperature of the adsorbed fluid in the first heat recovery unit and the outlet temperature of the adsorbed fluid in the second heat recovery unit. W represents power consumption. In that case, The dispersion medium has K and Cs that satisfy (KQ ａｄｓ -Gr ｒｅｆ C ｒｅｆ △T-(Gr ｍ C ｍ △T+Gr ｓ C ｓ △T)) / W>1 The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1.

3. The aforementioned dispersion medium is KQ ａｄｓ -Gr ｒｅｆ C ｒｅｆ △T-(Gr ｍ C ｍ △T+Gr ｓ C ｓ Having K and Cs that satisfy △T)) / W > 1.67 The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 2.

4. The dispersion medium has a density of ρ of the adsorbent. ｍ The density of the dispersion medium is ρ ｓ The viscosity of the dispersion medium is set to μ ｓ When this is the case, μ ｓ (1 + 2.5ρ) ｓ / (9ρ ｓ +ρ ｍ ρ satisfying < 1 [Pa·s] ｓ and μ ｓ Having, The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 2 or 3.

5. The adsorbent is selected from the group consisting of MOF-5, MIL-53, MIL-101, MOF-200, Uio-66, HKUST1, ZIF8, and ZnDatsBdc. The dispersion medium is selected from the group consisting of lubricating oil, fatty oil, and ionic liquid. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.

6. The refrigerant comprises at least one of carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, ammonia, water, HFCs, and HFOs. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.

7. In the first heat recovery unit, the pressure at which the refrigerant is adsorbed onto the adsorbent is 2 [MPa], and in the second heat recovery unit, the pressure at which the refrigerant is desorbed from the adsorbent is 0.5 [MPa]. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.

8. Q ａｄｓ This is the amount of heat from the first heat recovery unit or the amount of heat from the second heat recovery unit. K is the rate by which the amount of heat generated by the dispersion medium decreases, or the amount of heat generated by the cooling medium. G ｒｍ This is the flow rate of the adsorbent material flowing through the channel, C ｍ This is the specific heat of the adsorbent, C ｓ This is the specific heat of the dispersion medium, Z is the ratio of the adsorbent to the adsorbent fluid, W represents power consumption. In that case, The aforementioned dispersion medium is (KQ ａｄｓ -45 Gr ｍ (C ｍ + (1 / Z - 1)C ｓ ) / W > 1, having K and Cs The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1.

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