Fire extinguishing sheet

Abstract

This invention provides a fire extinguishing sheet that can be used in places, facilities, structures, etc., where fires may occur, and that has an initial fire extinguishing function, and is suitable for productivity, mass production, and large-scale production. [Solution] A fire extinguishing sheet containing a fire extinguishing agent that, upon reaching a predetermined temperature, undergoes thermal decomposition to generate fire extinguishing components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing sheet that can be used in places, facilities, devices, tools, structures, etc. where a fire may occur and has an initial fire extinguishing function.

Background Art

[0002] Fire extinguishing agent compositions for generating aerosol by combustion to extinguish or suppress a fire are known (for example, Patent Document 1). Such fire extinguishing agent compositions can be used, for example, as a liquid such as a dispersion or as a solid such as a powder or a molded body having a desired shape.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Here, the molded body described in Patent Document 1 can be said to be a so-called self-extinguishing molded body, but the manufacturing process has not been established, and there is still room for improvement from the viewpoints of productivity, mass production, and large-scale production.

[0005] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a fire extinguishing sheet that can be used in places, facilities, structures, etc. where a fire may occur, has an initial fire extinguishing function, and is suitable for productivity, mass production, and large-scale production.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0006] In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a fire extinguishing sheet containing a fire extinguishing agent that thermally decomposes to generate a fire extinguishing component when reaching a predetermined temperature.

[0007] In the fire extinguishing sheet of the present invention, it is preferable that the fire extinguishing component is an aerosol.

[0008] Furthermore, it is preferable that the fire extinguishing sheet of the present invention contains at least a potassium compound and a binder in the fire extinguishing agent.

[0009] Furthermore, it is preferable that the fire extinguishing sheet of the present invention contains at least a potassium-containing organic compound and potassium chlorate in the potassium compound.

[0010] Furthermore, in the fire extinguishing sheet of the present invention, it is preferable that the binder is composed of one or more of the following: polyester resin, polystyrene, polyolefin resin, polyurethane resin, polyisocyanate, polyimide resin, acrylic resin, cellulosic compound, vinyl chloride, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride resin, fluororesin binder, synthetic latex, rosin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyvinyl acetal resin, olefin-based thermoplastic resin, butadiene-based thermoplastic resin, styrene-based thermoplastic resin, styrene-butadiene-based thermoplastic resin, isoprene-based thermoplastic resin, urethane-based thermoplastic resin, ester-based thermoplastic resin, amide-based thermoplastic resin, vinyl chloride-based thermoplastic resin, thermoplastic resin mixed with process oil or tackifying resin, alloy-type thermoplastic elastomer, dynamically crosslinked thermoplastic elastomer, bentonite, and biobinder BioPoly B.

[0011] Furthermore, it is preferable that the fire extinguishing sheet of the present invention contains at least tripotassium citrate and potassium chlorate as potassium compounds, and at least polyvinyl butyral as a binder. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the present invention, a fire extinguishing sheet that can be used in places, facilities, structures, etc. where fires may occur and has an initial fire extinguishing function can be realized, and a fire extinguishing sheet suitable for productivity, mass production, and large-scale production can be realized. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0013] Hereinafter, a fire extinguishing sheet according to a typical embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0014] Fire extinguishing sheets contain a fire extinguishing agent that decomposes under heat when it reaches a predetermined temperature, releasing fire extinguishing components. Alternatively, a fire extinguishing sheet can be described as a fire extinguishing agent molded into a sheet. Fire extinguishing sheets generate aerosols as their fire extinguishing component. The fire extinguishing sheets contain at least a potassium compound and a binder in their fire extinguishing agent.

[0015] More specifically, the fire extinguishing agent contains, for example, 0.5 to 30% by mass of a binder (component A) and 10 to 70% by mass of a chlorate (component B), and further contains 30 to 900 parts by mass of potassium salt (component C) per 100 parts by mass of the binder and the chlorate, and has a thermal decomposition temperature in the range of over 90°C to 450°C.

[0016] The binder for component A is preferably selected from at least one of the following: polyester resin, polystyrene, polyolefin resin, polyurethane resin, polyisocyanate, polyimide resin, acrylic resin, cellulosic compound, vinyl chloride, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride resin, fluororesin binder, synthetic latex, rosin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyvinyl acetal resin, olefin thermoplastic resin, butadiene thermoplastic resin, styrene thermoplastic resin, styrene-butadiene thermoplastic resin, isoprene thermoplastic resin, urethane thermoplastic resin, ester thermoplastic resin, amide thermoplastic resin, vinyl chloride thermoplastic resin, thermoplastic resin mixed with process oil or tackifying resin, alloy-type thermoplastic elastomer, dynamically crosslinked thermoplastic elastomer, bentonite, or biobinder Biopoly B.

[0017] The chlorate of component B is a powerful oxidizing agent and is a component for generating thermal energy by combustion with the potassium salt of component C and generating an aerosol (potassium radical). This aerosol releases the potassium radical (potassium compound) of the fire extinguishing component, cuts off the combustion chain by the negative catalyst effect, and realizes rapid fire extinguishing.

[0018] The content ratio in the total 100% by mass of the binder of component A and the chlorate of component B is as follows. Component A: 0.5 to 30% by mass Preferably 1 to 20% by mass More preferably 3 to 10% by mass Component B: 70 to 99.5% by mass Preferably 80 to 99% by mass More preferably 90 to 97% by mass

[0019] Next, the potassium salt of component C is a component for generating an aerosol (potassium radical) by the thermal energy generated by the combustion of component B.

[0020] As such a potassium salt of component C, for example, at least one selected from potassium acetate, potassium propionate, potassium hydrogen citrate, potassium dihydrogen citrate, potassium citrate, potassium trihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate, potassium dihydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate, potassium hydrogen ethylenediaminetetraacetate, potassium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, potassium hydrogen phthalate, dipotassium phthalate, potassium hydrogen oxalate, dipotassium oxalate, potassium hydrogen carbonate and potassium bicarbonate is preferred.

[0021] The content ratio of component C is preferably 50 to 500 parts by mass, more preferably 100 to 300 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the contents of components A and B.

[0022] Furthermore, the fire extinguishing agent composition of the present embodiment has a thermal decomposition start temperature in the range of over 90°C to 450°C, preferably 150°C to 260°C. Such a range of thermal decomposition start temperature can be prepared by combining the above components A, B, and C in the above ratios.

[0023] Note that a molded body such as a sheet of the fire extinguishing agent may be produced by mixing the components of the above fire extinguishing agent composition, molding it into a sheet while controlling the coating conditions, and appropriately drying it. Dimensions such as the thickness and area of the sheet-like fire extinguishing agent may be appropriately adjusted according to the fire extinguishing target object such as the equipment, device, machine, tool, structure, etc. used and the application. It is also possible to use a plurality of sheet-like fire extinguishing agents by laminating them.

[0024] In addition, the sheet-like fire extinguishing agent of the present invention may be installed at a location where the fire extinguishing target object such as equipment, device, machine, tool, structure, etc. is likely to catch fire. For example, in the case of a device or tool, the sheet-like fire extinguishing agent may be arranged in contact with or adjacent to a battery cell including a secondary battery such as a lithium-ion battery, its case, electrodes, connection terminals, circuit board, etc., which may catch fire due to some malfunction such as an accident. Of course, it may be arranged at a plurality of locations.

[0025] In order for the fire extinguishing agent of the present invention to exert a fire extinguishing action by the above aerosol, it may be sealed inside an object such as equipment, device, machine, tool, structure, etc. It may also be sealed together with the members that may catch fire as described above.

Examples

[0026] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically using examples and comparative examples. In these examples and comparative examples, the sheet-like fire extinguishing agent was produced as follows in (1).

[0027] (1) Production of sheet-like fire extinguishing agent (1-1) Preparation of binder Polyvinyl butyral as a binder is dissolved in a solvent N-methylpyrrolidone to prepare a 18 mass% solution of polyvinyl butyral.

[0028] (1-2) Preparation of fire extinguishing agent slurry by powder grinding 187.5g of tripotassium citrate, 112.5g of potassium chlorate, 200g of N-methylpyrrolidone, and 2kg of 5mm particle size alumina balls as a dispersion medium are placed in a 2-liter container and stirred and ground for about 24 hours in a ball mill set to 60rpm to obtain a fire extinguishing agent slurry.

[0029] (1-3) Paint formulation (adding a binder to the fire extinguishing agent slurry) Add 111 g of the 18% by mass solution of polyvinyl butyral (1-1) to the total amount of the fire extinguishing agent slurry (1-2) above, and mix for approximately 24 hours using a ball mill set to 60 rpm to obtain a thixotropic paste-like (mayonnaise-like) paint. The viscosity of the resulting paint is measured using a B-type viscometer with a load (torque) set to 50%, and if it falls within the range of 2000-3000 mPa·S, the process can proceed to the next separation step.

[0030] (1-4) Separation (Removal of Distributed Media) Using a suitable stainless steel sieve, separate the paint and dispersion media obtained in (1-3) above. If the yield is in the range of 50-60%, proceed to the next filtration step.

[0031] (1-5) Filtration (separation of large particle size chemicals and debris) The paint obtained in the separation process described in (1-4) above is filtered through a stainless steel sieve with a 100-mesh opening (approximately 200 μm) to remove coarse particles and debris.

[0032] (1-6) Coating (Formation of paint into sheets) A 100 μm thick PET film with a release-treated coating of Si, F, etc., is laid on the table of a "β Coater" coating machine manufactured by Yasui Seiki Co., Ltd., and a fire extinguishing agent slurry is applied. A round applicator with a 400 μm gap is installed as the coating jig (applicator). The film is applied to the PET sheet at a coating speed of approximately 0.5 mm / min.

[0033] (1-7) Drying process (solvent removal) The solvent was removed using a standard circulating constant temperature bath. With the chemical applied to the PET film, a drying process was carried out at a set temperature of 100°C to obtain a sheet with an average thickness of 220 μm.

[0034] (1-8) Cutting process The chemical agent, applied to a PET film, is cooled and then cut into A4 size (210mm wide x 297mm high) pieces using a cutting machine for evaluation testing.

[0035] (2) Evaluation test of sheet-type fire extinguishing agent The fire extinguishing agent prepared using the procedure described in (1) above was tested as follows.

[0036] (2-1) Installation of lithium-ion battery cells A 3Ah lithium-ion battery cell measuring 100mm wide x 100mm long x 5mm high is placed in the center of a box-shaped container made of SUS304 stainless steel with a plate thickness of 1.2mm and dimensions of 300mm wide x 300mm long x 100mm high.

[0037] (2-2) Applying fire extinguishing sheets An acrylic sheet measuring 350mm wide x 350mm high x 10mm high with a thickness of 5mm and a Φ10 hole in the center was used as the top of the box-shaped container described in (2-1) above. An A4-sized fire extinguishing sheet, created in (1) above, was attached to the center of one side of this acrylic sheet using spray adhesive.

[0038] (2-3) Fixing the acrylic plate The acrylic plate was placed on the box-shaped container with the side of the fire extinguishing sheet facing downwards and then secured.

[0039] (2-4) Nail A Φ5 iron nail was inserted at a constant speed into the opening of the acrylic top panel, penetrating the internal cell. A flash of light was emitted for a brief moment upon short-circuiting, but immediately white smoke originating from the fire-extinguishing sheet was generated, and the fire was extinguished without spreading. Comparative Example

[0040] In the evaluation test described in (2) above, when the series of lithium-ion battery cell nailing evaluation tests were performed as described in (2) above without attaching the A4 fire extinguishing sheet described in (2-2) above to the acrylic top plate, the lithium-ion battery cells inside the SUS container flared up violently, causing a fire to spread, and the inside of the container was engulfed in flames, burning for 5 minutes.

[0041] Although typical embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these, and various design modifications are possible and are also included in the present invention.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing sheet containing a fire extinguishing agent that decomposes under heat when it reaches a predetermined temperature, generating fire extinguishing components.

2. The fire extinguishing sheet according to claim 1, wherein the fire extinguishing component is an aerosol.

3. The fire extinguishing sheet according to claim 2, wherein the fire extinguishing agent comprises at least a potassium compound and a binder.

4. The fire extinguishing sheet according to claim 3, wherein the potassium compound comprises at least a potassium-containing organic compound and potassium chlorate.

5. The fire extinguishing sheet according to claim 3, wherein the binder is composed of one or more of the following: polyester resin, polystyrene, polyolefin resin, polyurethane resin, polyisocyanate, polyimide resin, acrylic resin, cellulosic compound, vinyl chloride, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride resin, fluororesin binder, synthetic latex, rosin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyvinyl acetal resin, olefin thermoplastic resin, butadiene thermoplastic resin, styrene thermoplastic resin, styrene-butadiene thermoplastic resin, isoprene thermoplastic resin, urethane thermoplastic resin, ester thermoplastic resin, amide thermoplastic resin, vinyl chloride thermoplastic resin, thermoplastic resin mixed with process oil or tackifying resin, alloy-type thermoplastic elastomer, dynamically crosslinked thermoplastic elastomer, bentonite, and biobinder BioPoly B.

6. The fire extinguishing sheet according to claim 3, wherein the potassium compound comprises at least tripotassium citrate and potassium chlorate, and the binder comprises at least polyvinyl butyral.

7. A fire extinguishing sheet for lithium-ion batteries, comprising a fire extinguishing sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is used in contact with or adjacent to a lithium-ion battery.

8. A fire extinguishing sheet for lithium-ion batteries according to claim 7, which is used by being attached to a lithium-ion battery.

9. The lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing sheet according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the lithium-ion battery is mounted on equipment, apparatus, machinery, tools, or structures.

10. Equipment, apparatus, machinery, tools, or structures on which a lithium-ion battery is mounted, with a fire extinguishing sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in contact with or adjacent to it.

11. Use of a fire extinguishing sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for extinguishing or suppressing a fire involving a lithium-ion battery.

12. A method for extinguishing or suppressing a fire in a lithium-ion battery, characterized by placing the fire extinguishing sheet described in any one of claims 1 to 6 in contact with or adjacent to the lithium-ion battery.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the lithium-ion battery is mounted on equipment, apparatus, machinery, tools, or structures.