Interchangeable head cutting tool

Abstract

By configuring a head-exchangeable cutting tool for machining workpieces, this invention provides a head that can improve productivity by suppressing the complexity of work procedures and the increase in working time. [Solution] The cutting tool (100) is a head-exchangeable cutting tool having a shank (10) and performing machining on a workpiece (300), wherein the head (20) comprises a mounting portion (25) that is attached to the shank (10) and a mounting hole portion (22) into which a substantially rod-shaped cutting member (30) is attached. The central axis (22Z) of the mounting hole portion (22) is perpendicular to the direction (X) in which the head (20) is fixed to the shank (10).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a head of a head-exchangeable cutting tool and a cutting tool provided with the head.

Background Art

[0002] In an automatic lathe, as a cutting tool capable of performing internal diameter machining such as drilling, grooving, turning, etc. while rotating a workpiece (object to be machined), for example, Patent Document 1 describes a cutting tool assembly having a configuration in which a substantially rod-shaped cutting member is gripped on the tip side of a tool bit. The tool bit of such a cutting tool assembly includes a substantially prismatic holder main body portion that is an attachment portion to an appropriate tool rest, and a holder tip portion that extends to the tip side thereof and to which the cutting member is fixed. Further, the holder tip portion is provided with a mounting hole communicating with a slot (open groove) in which a screw hole is formed, and the cutting member is screwed and fixed to the holder tip portion in a state of being inserted into the mounting hole.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Here, Figure 8 is a schematic side view showing a conventional cutting tool assembly installed on the tool post. As shown in the figure, in a conventional cutting tool assembly, the tip of the holder to which the roughly rod-shaped cutting member 610 is fixed is formed integrally with the holder body to constitute the cutting tool 600. In addition, the main spindle 500 that holds the workpiece and a wall are usually located in the direction from which the cutting member 610 is removed (indicated by the arrow in the figure). For this reason, the cutting member 610 cannot be replaced inside the automatic lathe, and the entire cutting tool 600 must be removed from the tool post 200 to replace the cutting member 610. As a result, the work procedure when replacing the cutting member 610 tends to become complicated and the work time tends to increase. Therefore, it is conceivable to configure the tool so that the tip of the holder can be removed from the holder body, that is, to configure it as a head-exchangeable tool. However, in the conventional cutting tool assembly described above, the holder tip is L-shaped to hold the cutting member 610, which makes the structure larger, making it difficult to secure space for a new mechanism or structure to replace the holder tip.

[0005] Therefore, this disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a head that can improve productivity by suppressing the complexity of work procedures and the increase in work time, by configuring a head-exchangeable cutting tool for machining workpieces, and a cutting tool equipped with said head. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] [1] An example of a head according to the present disclosure is a head of a replaceable head cutting tool having a shank and for machining a workpiece, comprising a mounting portion that is attached to the shank and a mounting hole portion into which a substantially rod-shaped cutting member is attached. The central axis of the mounting hole portion is configured to be perpendicular to the direction in which the head is fixed to the shank. In this case, the above configuration of the mounting hole portion makes the structure of the head simpler and smaller than conventional heads. Therefore, a replaceable head cutting tool useful for machining the thickness of a workpiece using a substantially rod-shaped cutting member can be realized. Furthermore, because the structure of the head is simplified and smaller in this way, interference with the workpiece and interference with other cutting tools when used adjacent to them can be reduced.

[0007] [2] In addition, the above configuration may include a fixing screw hole portion drilled from the side of the mounting hole portion so as to communicate with the mounting hole portion, and through which a screw for fixing the cutting member to the head is threaded. In this case, the screw for fixing the cutting member can be housed inside the head, which can contribute to miniaturization of the head. Also, since the screw can be easily seen from the side of the head, it becomes easier to attach the cutting member to the head.

[0008] [3] In this case, more specifically, the internal angle α formed by the central axis of the fixed screw hole and the plane perpendicular to the fixing direction between the shank and the head may satisfy the relationship expressed by 0° < α ≤ 90° (Equation (1)). If the internal angle α is within this range, the effective length of the screw for fixing the cutting member to the head can be secured, and the screw fastening work can also be made easier.

[0009] [4] Furthermore, in the above configuration, a flow path (hole, groove, etc.) may be provided near the mounting hole, through which cutting fluid is discharged toward the cutting member mounted in the mounting hole. In this case, since it is possible to secure locations for multiple cutting fluid flow paths in close proximity to the cutting member, it becomes easier to increase the amount of cutting fluid supplied.

[0010] [5] In this case, more specifically, the flow path may be configured to be provided in the shape of a notch at the opening edge of the mounting hole. This makes it easier to form multiple cutting fluid flow paths closer to the cutting member.

[0011] [6] The part of the head excluding the mounting portion may be in the shape of a roughly rectangular parallelepiped. In this way, the entire head can be configured in a shape with an aspect ratio, making it easier to make it thinner in order to avoid interference with adjacent cutting tools when it is fixed to the shank and then placed on the tool post.

[0012] [7] Furthermore, when the head with the cutting member attached is fixed to the shank, the cutting edge of the cutting member may be positioned on the head side rather than the end face of the shank. This makes it possible to simplify and miniaturize the overall shape of the cutting member when it is constructed.

[0013] [8] Alternatively, the central axis of the mounting hole may be positioned within the width of the shank in the shorter direction. This further simplifies and miniaturizes the head structure, and further reduces interference with the workpiece and with other cutting tools when used adjacent to them.

[0014] [9] An example of a cutting tool according to the present disclosure can be effectively configured with a head according to the present disclosure. That is, an example of a cutting tool is a head-exchangeable cutting tool having a shank and performing workpiece machining, wherein the head comprises a mounting portion that is attached to the shank and a mounting hole portion into which a substantially rod-shaped cutting member is attached, and the central axis of the mounting hole portion is perpendicular to the direction in which the head is fixed to the shank. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] According to this disclosure, a head-exchangeable cutting tool for machining workpieces can be effectively configured, thereby suppressing the complexity of work procedures and the increase in working time, and improving productivity. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0016] [Figure 1] The perspective view which shows an example of the state which attached the cutting tool which concerns on one Embodiment of this indication to the tool post of the automatic lathe. [Figure 2] The perspective view which shows roughly an example of the shank with which the cutting tool which concerns on one Embodiment of this indication is equipped. [Figure 3] (A) is a bottom view which shows an example of the head with which the cutting tool which concerns on one Embodiment of this indication is equipped, (B) is a right side view thereof. [Figure 4] It is sectional drawing when visually recognized from the front along the IV-IV line in FIG.3 (B). [Figure 5] (A) thru (C) is a bottom view (perspective view) which shows an example of the head which has the 2nd attachment hole part provided so that alpha = 0 degree, alpha = 30 degree, and alpha = 45 degree may be respectively provided. [Figure 6] (A) is a bottom view which shows an example of the head similarly to FIG.5, (B) is a perspective view which shows typically a state when cutting oil is discharged from the head in the state which mounted the cutting member to the head shown to (A). [Figure 7] The right side view which shows an example of the cutting tool which concerns on one Embodiment of this indication. [Figure 8] The side view which shows typically the state which installed the conventional cutting tool assembly to the tool post.

MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0017] Hereinafter, this embodiment is demonstrated, referring an accompanying drawing. In order to facilitate understanding of the explanation, as much as possible, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected with respect to the same component in each drawing, and the overlapping explanation is abbreviate | omitted. In addition, the following embodiment is an illustration for demonstrating this indication, and is not the meaning which limits this indication only to the embodiment. In addition, this indication can be variously deformed | transformed, unless it deviates from the summary. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can adopt the embodiment which replaced each element described below with an equivalent thing, and such an embodiment is also included in the scope of this indication.

[0018] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a state where a cutting tool according to the present embodiment is attached to a tool post of an automatic lathe. For the sake of explaining relative directional relationships, for convenience, in the coordinate axes shown in FIG. 1, the downward direction is referred to as the front X1, the upward direction is referred to as the rear X2, and both directions may be collectively referred to as the front-rear direction X. Also, in the coordinate axes shown in the same figure, the右下 diagonal downward direction is referred to as the right Y1, the左上 diagonal upward direction is referred to as the rear Y2, and both directions may be collectively referred to as the front-rear direction Y. Furthermore, in the coordinate axes shown in the same figure, the左下 diagonal downward direction is referred to as the upper Z1, the右下 diagonal upward direction is referred to as the lower Z2, and both directions may be collectively referred to as the up-down direction Z. In addition, the top view (bottom view) refers to the viewpoint when the head 20 and the cutting tool 100 are viewed from the upper Z1 toward the lower Z2 (from the lower Z2 toward the upper Z1), the front view (rear view) refers to the viewpoint when the head 20 and the cutting tool 100 are viewed from the front X1 toward the rear X2 (from the rear X2 toward the front X1), and the right side view (left side view) refers to the viewpoint when the head 20 and the cutting tool 100 are viewed from the right Y1 toward the left Y2 (from the left Y2 toward the right Y1).

[0019] As shown in FIG. 1, a cutting tool 100 and other cutting tools 400 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are applied to an automatic lathe (not shown) that automatically performs lathe work, etc., and a tool is fixed to a tool post 200 having a plurality of pedestals K of a comb-tooth type. Depending on the turning mode of the workpiece 300, the tool post 200 is moved in the front-rear direction X, the left-right direction Y, and the up-down direction Z (for example, usually operated in the XZ plane and optionally moved in the Y-axis direction), and while appropriately selecting and replacing the cutting tools 100, 400, the desired diameter processing can be performed. In an automatic lathe, while feeding the workpiece 300 in a predetermined direction, the cutting tool 100 is moved along an appropriate processing direction to turn the workpiece 300, and there may be a case where processing such as cutting out a three-dimensional shape is performed.

[0020] Furthermore, the cutting tool 100 of this embodiment, used for such turning operations, is a head-exchangeable cutting tool in which the head 20 can be attached to and detached from the shank 10 of the cutting tool. As shown in Figure 1, a protrusion 11 is provided on the front of the shank 10, and a recess 21 is formed on the upper surface of the head 20. The shank 10 and the head 20 can be positioned by fitting these protrusions 11 and recesses 21 together. As will be described later, the two are fixed together when the protrusion 25 of the head 20 is attached to the mounting hole 12 of the shank 10.

[0021] Here, Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a shank 10 provided on a cutting tool 100. Note that in the shank 10 shown in Figure 2, the projection 11 shown in Figure 1 has been omitted. As shown in Figure 2, the shank 10 is integrally formed with a main body portion 10H located on the rear X2 side and a step portion 10S located on the front X1 side. Of these, the main body portion 10H is the part that is installed so as to be gripped between the bases K, K of the tool post 200 (the part with a constant vertical width 10Zw). The step portion 10S is a part that protrudes in a step shape (in other words, a hook shape, or L shape) from the lower part of the main body portion 10H so as to bend upward Z1.

[0022] The front surface 10F of the step portion 10S is provided with a protrusion 11 (not shown in the figure) as described above, and a mounting hole 12 into which the protrusion 25 of the head 20 (described later) is fitted is drilled. Furthermore, the upper surface 10J of the step portion 10S is drilled with a fixing screw hole 13 that communicates with the mounting hole 12 and into which a screw 13N for fixing the head 20 to the shank 10 is fitted. The head 20 is fixed to the shank 10 as shown in Figure 1 by screwing the screw 13N into the fixing screw hole 13 and tightening it, which causes the screw to contact the protrusion 25 and press against the head 20.

[0023] Furthermore, Figure 3(A) is a bottom view showing an example of a head 20 provided on the cutting tool 100, and Figure 3(B) is a right side view thereof. In addition, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken from the front along the line IV-IV in Figure 3(B). As shown in these figures, the head 20 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape with a downward protrusion 20S, and a recess 21 is provided on its back surface 20U near the upper Z1, which fits with the protrusion 11 of the shank 10, as described above. Also, a protrusion 25 (corresponding to an example of a "mounting portion" in this disclosure) is provided projecting toward the rear X2 on the back surface 21U slightly below Z2 (near the downward protrusion 20S), which is inserted into the mounting hole 12 of the shank 10. Furthermore, a recess 25J is formed on the upper surface of the protrusion 25, which abuts against a screw 13N tightened in the fixing screw hole 13 of the shank 10. Furthermore, a mounting hole 22 (corresponding to an example of a "mounting hole" in this disclosure) is drilled in the bottom surface 21F of the head 20, into which a roughly rod-shaped cutting member 30 is attached.

[0024] The central axis 22Z of the mounting hole 22 is perpendicular to the fixing direction of the head 20 to the shank 10 (the fixing direction of the shank 10 and the head 20 when viewed from the head 20, and the direction in which the central axis 20X of the protrusion 25 extends (front-to-back direction X)). When viewed from the shank 10, this "fixing direction" in this embodiment coincides with the longitudinal direction in which the shank 10 extends, and also coincides with the direction in which the head 20 faces the workpiece 300, as shown in Figure 3(B). In other words, the mounting hole 22 is configured such that its central axis 22Z is ​​perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (front-to-back direction X) in which the central axis 20X of the protrusion 25 of the head 20 extends, and is positioned within the short-side width 10Yw of the shank 10 (see Figure 1B).

[0025] Furthermore, the right side surface 20R of the head 20 is provided with a plurality of fixing screw holes 24, 24 (corresponding to an example of a "fixing screw hole" in this disclosure) which communicate with the mounting hole 22 and into which screws 24N for fixing the cutting member 30 to the head 20 are fitted. The cutting member 30 is fixed to the head 20 as shown in Figures 1A, 1B, and 3(B) by tightening each screw 24N by screwing them into each fixing screw hole 24, thereby contacting and pressing against the cutting member shank portion 31 of the cutting member 30. Furthermore, the fixing screw holes 24, 24 are configured such that the internal angle α between their central axis 24A and the plane 20P (front-to-back Z or left-to-right Y) perpendicular to the direction of fixing the head 20 to the shank 10, i.e., the direction in which the central axis 20X of the convex portion 25 on the head 20 extends (front-to-back direction X), preferably satisfies the relationship expressed by the following formula (1), more preferably formula (2), and even more preferably formula (3). 0° < α ≤ 90° …(1) 0° < α ≤ 60° …(2) 30°≦α≦60° …(3)

[0026] Here, Figures 5(A) to (C) are bottom views (perspective views) showing examples of a head 20 having fixing screw holes 24 provided at angles of α=0°, α=30°, and α=45°, respectively. Note that the convex portion 25 is not shown in these figures.

[0027] Furthermore, Figure 6(A) is a bottom view showing an example of the head 20, similar to Figure 5, and Figure 6(B) is a schematic perspective view showing the state when cutting fluid is discharged from the head 20 with the cutting member 30 mounted on the head shown in Figure 6(A). As shown in these figures, as well as in Figures 3 and 4, a group of oil holes 23 is drilled near the mounting hole 22 in the head 20 for discharging cutting fluid CO (see Figure 6(B)) toward the cutting member 30 mounted in the mounting hole 22. This group of oil holes 23 corresponds to the outlet or supply port of the cutting fluid CO supply channel (not shown) provided in the shank 10 and the head 20, and the cutting fluid CO supplied through the head 20 is distributed to each oil hole in the group of oil holes 23 (corresponding to an example of a "channel" in this disclosure) and discharged toward the cutting edge 32 of the cutting member 30 and its surroundings.

[0028] More specifically, each oil hole in the oil hole group 23 has an opening that is cut out in a small-curve arc shape from the opening edge of the mounting hole portion 22 toward the outside. Of these, oil holes 23X1 and 23X2, from which cutting oils COX1 and COX2 (see Figure 6(B)) are released, are arranged opposite each other at the front X1 and rear X2 of the opening of the mounting hole portion 22, respectively. Also, oil holes 23Y1 and 23Y2, from which cutting oils COY1 and COY2 (see Figure 6(B)) are released, are arranged opposite each other at the right Y1 and left Y2 of the opening of the mounting hole portion 22, respectively. The cutting oil CO30 shown in Figure 6(B) is released from an oil hole 31X drilled from inside the main body portion 31 of the cutting member 30 toward the diagonally upward X1 of the outer wall.

[0029] With the head 20 and cutting tool 100 configured as described above, the central axis 22Z of the mounting hole 22 in the head 20 extends in the vertical direction Z of the head 20. In other words, the central axis 22Z is ​​perpendicular to the front-rear direction X, which is the direction in which the head 20 is fixed to the shank 10, and extends in the direction toward the workpiece 300. Moreover, the central axis 22Z is ​​configured to be located within the short-side width 10Yw of the shank 10. Therefore, the structure of the head 20 can be simplified and miniaturized (made more compact) compared to conventional designs, and as a result, when machining the thickness of the workpiece 300 using a roughly rod-shaped cutting member 30, the cutting tool 100 can be configured as a head-exchangeable cutting tool, as in this embodiment. Consequently, when changing the cutting member 30 or changing its mounting position according to the shape of the workpiece 300, it becomes possible to change it within the automatic lathe, suppressing the complexity of the change procedure and the increase in working time, and improving productivity.

[0030] Furthermore, since the structure of the head 20 can be simplified and miniaturized in this way, interference between the head 20 and, consequently, the cutting tool 100 and the workpiece 300, as well as interference when the cutting tool 100 is used adjacent to other cutting tools 400, can be reduced. As a result, many cutting tools 100 and 400 can be mounted on the tool post 200 to process the workpiece 300, thereby reducing the time required for cutting tool changes and further increasing productivity.

[0031] Furthermore, a fixing screw hole 24 communicating with the mounting hole 22 is provided on the right side 20R of the head 20, and a screw 24N for fixing the cutting member 30 to the head 20 is fitted into the fixing screw hole 24, so that the screw 24N can be housed inside the head 20. Therefore, this does not hinder the miniaturization of the head 20, and the screw 24N can be easily seen from the side of the head 20, which has the advantage of making it easier to attach the cutting member 30 to the head 20.

[0032] Furthermore, the internal angle α formed by the central axis 24A of the mounting hole 24 and the plane 20P (front-to-back direction X or left-to-right direction Y) perpendicular to the fixing direction (up-down direction X) between the shank 10 and the head 20 is preferably configured to satisfy the relationship expressed by the following formula (1), more preferably the following formula (2), and even more preferably the following formula (3). 0°≦α≦60° …(1) 0°≦α≦45° …(2) 30°≦α≦45° …(3) This has the advantage of making it easier to fasten the screw 24N while ensuring the effective length of the screw 24N for fixing the cutting member 30 to the head 20.

[0033] Furthermore, multiple oil holes 23X1, 23X2, 23Y1, and 23Y2 are provided near the mounting hole 22, more specifically as small arc-shaped notches on the opening edge of the mounting hole 22, from which cutting fluids COX1, COX2, COY1, and COY2 are released toward the cutting member 30. This allows a large amount of cutting fluid CO to be supplied toward the cutting member 30 from a position close to the cutting member 30, thereby improving the cooling performance of the cutting member 30 and further enhancing productivity and durability.

[0034] The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate understanding of this disclosure and are not intended to limit its interpretation. In other words, this disclosure is not necessarily limited to the specific configurations described above, and any modifications made to those specific configurations by those skilled in the art are also included within the scope of this disclosure, as long as they retain the features of this disclosure. Furthermore, the elements, arrangements, materials, conditions, shapes, dimensions, scales, etc., of the aforementioned specific configurations are not limited to those exemplified unless otherwise specified, and can be modified as appropriate. Moreover, the elements of the aforementioned specific configurations can be used in combination in any way that does not create a technical inconsistency.

[0035] In other words, for example, the mounting hole portion 24 may be single or there may be three or more. Also, the head 20 does not need to have a forward projection portion 20S. Furthermore, the screws 13N and 24N do not need to be of the snap-fit ​​type. In addition, the mounting hole portion 24 may be provided on the left side 20L of the head 20 instead of the right side 20R, or in addition to the right side 20R. Also, the head 20 may be fastened and fixed to the shank 10 simply by attaching the projection portion 25 to the mounting hole portion 12, without providing the projection portion 11 of the shank 10 and the recess portion 21 of the head 20. In addition, the oil hole group 23 may be grooves instead of holes when provided on the head 20 alone, for example. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 7, when the head 20, to which the cutting member 40 having a cutting member shank portion 41 and a cutting edge 42 is attached, is fixed to the shank 10, it is preferable that the cutting edge 42 is positioned on the head 20 side of the vertical position Z10 of the end face 10T (bottom or lower surface) of the shank, as this results in a more compact design. [Explanation of symbols]

[0036] 10...Shank, 10B...Back, 10H...Main body, 10S...Step, 10F...Front, 10Yw...Short-side width, 10Zw...Front-to-back width, 11...Protrusion, 12...Mounting hole, 13...Fixing screw hole, 20...Head, 20L...Left side, 20P...Flat surface, 20R...Right side, 20S...Front protrusion, 20U...Top surface, 20X...Central axis, 21...Recess (mounting part), 21F...Front, 21U...Top surface, 22...Mounting hole (first mounting hole), 22Z...Central axis, 23...Oil hole group, 23X1, 23X2, 23Y1, 23Y2...Oil holes ,24...Mounting hole (second mounting hole), 24A...Central axis, 25...Convex part (mounting part), 25B...Concave part, 30,40...Cutting member, 31,41...Cutting member shank part, 31X...Oil hole, 32,42...Cutting edge, 100...Cutting tool, 200...Tool post, 300...Workpiece, 400...Other cutting tools, CO30,COX1,COX2,COY1,COY2...Cutting oil, K...Base, X...Up and down direction, X1...Up, X2...Down, Y...Left and right direction, Y1...Right, Y2...Left, Z...Front and back direction, Z1...Front, Z2...Rear, α...Inner angle

Claims

1. A head of a head-exchangeable cutting tool having a shank and used for machining a workpiece, A mounting portion to be attached to the shank, A mounting hole portion into which a roughly rod-shaped cutting member is attached, Equipped with, The central axis of the mounting hole is perpendicular to the direction in which the head is fixed to the shank. head.

2. The head according to claim 1, further comprising a fixing screw hole portion drilled from the side of the mounting hole portion so as to communicate with the mounting hole portion, and through which a screw for fixing the cutting member to the head is threaded.

3. The internal angle α formed by the central axis of the aforementioned fixing screw hole and the plane perpendicular to the fixing direction between the shank and the head is given by the following formula (1): ０°＜α≦９０° …（１）、 The head according to claim 2, satisfying the relationship represented by .

4. The head according to claim 1, further comprising a channel provided near the mounting hole for discharging cutting fluid toward the cutting member mounted in the mounting hole.

5. The head according to claim 5, wherein the flow path is provided in the shape of a notch at the opening edge of the mounting hole.

6. The head according to claim 1, wherein the portion excluding the mounting portion is substantially in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped.

7. The head according to claim 1, wherein when the head to which the cutting member is attached is fixed to the shank, the cutting edge of the cutting member is positioned on the head side of the end face of the shank.

8. The head according to claim 1, wherein the central axis of the mounting hole is positioned within the width of the shank in the shorter direction.

9. A cutting tool comprising the head according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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