Bee repellent

Abstract

To provide a bee repellent in order to prevent damage to honeybees, which are not the intended target of pesticides applied to crops or pesticides used to control carnivorous bees such as hornets and paper wasps. [Solution] A bee repellent comprising one or more components selected from tetradecane, furfuryl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, and citronella oil as active ingredients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a bee repellent. More specifically, it relates to a bee repellent containing a component having a specific chemical structure as an active ingredient.

Background Art

[0002] In Japan, two species of bees, the Japanese honeybee and the Western honeybee, are bred (beekeeping) for honey collection, and bees including the bumblebee are widely used for pollination of agricultural crops. Thus, bees have an aspect as "beneficial insects" that are useful to humans in various situations. However, there are many damages in which bees are exterminated due to the spraying of agricultural chemicals in agricultural fields and the direct or indirect contact of bees with agricultural chemicals. In particular, many damages to bees have been reported during the spraying of agricultural chemicals for controlling stink bugs on rice. In addition, bees may also be attracted and exterminated by exterminating agents such as trap agents and bait agents for controlling predatory bees such as wasps and giant hornets. Thus, in order to prevent damage to bees that are not originally the target of extermination, attention is required regarding the application method, application location, etc. when using agricultural chemicals and exterminating agents such as trap agents and bait agents, but a sufficient effect of preventing damage to bees from being exterminated has not yet been obtained. Also, although there are proposals for insect repellents including bees (for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, etc.), a technique for imparting a bee repellent effect to agricultural chemicals and exterminating agents and obtaining a sufficient bee repellent effect is not known.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a bee repellent to prevent damage to honeybees, which are not the intended target of pesticides applied to crops or to pesticides used to control carnivorous bees such as hornets and paper wasps. [Means for solving the problem]

[0005] The inventors of this invention conducted extensive research to solve the above problems and, as a result, discovered that a specific component specifically repels honeybees, thereby solving the above problems.

[0006] The present invention is summarized in the following terms: 1. A bee repellent comprising one or more active ingredients selected from tetradecane, furfuryl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, and citronella oil. 2. A method for repelling honeybees, using one or more components selected from tetradecane, furfuryl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, and citronella oil as active ingredients. 3. A bee repellent containing one or more ingredients selected from (a) to (e) below as active ingredients. (a) Straight-chain alkanes with 6 to 19 carbon atoms (b) Furan compounds (c) Furanone compounds having unsaturated bonds (d) Pyrrole compounds with 6 or more carbon atoms (e) aliphatic alcohols 4. A method for repelling honeybees, using one or more ingredients selected from (a) to (e) below as active ingredients. (a) Straight-chain alkanes with 6 to 19 carbon atoms (b) Furan compounds (c) Furanone compounds having unsaturated bonds (d) Pyrrole compounds with 6 or more carbon atoms (e) aliphatic alcohols [Effects of the Invention]

[0007] The bee repellent of the present invention, when incorporated into pest control agents such as traps and baits used to exterminate carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps, can prevent honeybees from being attracted to and exterminated by the pest control agent, thereby achieving the effect of exterminating carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps. Furthermore, the bee repellent of the present invention is useful because, when used in combination with pesticides applied to crops, it suppresses bees from approaching the treated crops and prevents damage caused by bees being exterminated through direct or indirect contact with the pesticides. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0008] [Figure 1] This is a perspective view showing the feeding area in the "Honeybee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test" of the examples. [Figure 2] This is a cross-sectional view showing the feeding area in the "Honeybee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test" of the examples. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0009] The bee repellent of the present invention will be described in detail below. <Honeybee> In this invention, "honeybee" refers to insects belonging to the family Apidae in the order Hymenoptera, and includes, for example, Japanese honeybee, European honeybee, bumblebee, stingless bee, giant honeybee, Himalayan giant honeybee, small honeybee, dwarf honeybee, black small honeybee, Eastern honeybee, and mackerel honeybee.

[0010] The active ingredient in the bee repellent of the present invention will now be described. <(a) Straight-chain alkanes with 6 to 19 carbon atoms> One of the active ingredients in the bee repellent of the present invention is (a) a linear alkane having 6 to 19 carbon atoms. These (a) straight-chain alkanes with 6 to 19 carbon atoms include hexane (6 carbon atoms), heptane (7 carbon atoms), octane (8 carbon atoms), nonane (9 carbon atoms), decane (10 carbon atoms), undecane (11 carbon atoms), dodecane (12 carbon atoms), tridecane (13 carbon atoms), tetradodecane (14 carbon atoms), pentadecane (15 carbon atoms), hexadecane (16 carbon atoms), heptadecane (17 carbon atoms), octadecane (18 carbon atoms), and nonadecane (19 carbon atoms). In particular, linear alkanes with 8 to 14 carbon atoms are preferred as active ingredients in the bee repellent of the present invention. Furthermore, linear alkanes with 8 to 14 carbon atoms have the property of not repelling target pests such as stink bugs.

[0011] <(b) Furan compounds> (b) Furan compounds are one of the active ingredients in the bee repellent of the present invention. This (b) furan compound refers to a monocyclic compound having a 1-oxa-2,4-cyclopentadiene skeleton and does not include tetrahydrofuran compounds. As the (b) furan compound, furan compounds substituted with chemical groups having one or more oxygen atoms, such as carbonyl groups or hydroxyl groups, are preferred. Furthermore, furan compounds with a total number of carbon atoms of 10 or less are preferred, and furan compounds with 8 or fewer carbon atoms are more preferred.

[0012] <(c) Furanone compounds containing unsaturated bonds> (c) A furanone compound having an unsaturated bond is one of the active ingredients in the bee repellent of the present invention. The furanone compound having this (c) unsaturated bond means a compound having an unsaturated bond in the furan ring and a chemical structure in which a carbonyl group is substituted on the carbon atom forming the ring, and does not include a compound having a tetrahydrofuran skeleton. As the furanone compound having a (c) unsaturated bond, a furanone compound having an unsaturated bond with 10 or fewer carbon atoms in total is preferable, and a furanone compound having an unsaturated bond with 8 or fewer carbon atoms is more preferable.

[0013] <(d) Pyrrole compound having 6 or more carbon atoms> As one of the active ingredients in the honeybee repellent of the present invention, a (d) pyrrole compound having 6 or more carbon atoms can be mentioned. This (d) pyrrole compound having 6 or more carbon atoms means a compound having a pyrrole skeleton. As the (d) pyrrole compound having 6 or more carbon atoms, a pyrrole compound substituted with a chemical group having one or more oxygen atoms such as a carbonyl group or a hydroxyl group is preferable. Also, a pyrrole compound having 15 or fewer carbon atoms in total is preferable, and a pyrrole compound having 13 or fewer carbon atoms is more preferable.

[0014] <(e) Aliphatic alcohol> As one of the active ingredients in the honeybee repellent of the present invention, an (e) aliphatic alcohol can be mentioned. This (e) aliphatic alcohol means an aliphatic alcohol having one hydroxy group at the terminal carbon, and includes linear or branched aliphatic alcohols and saturated or unsaturated aliphatic alcohols. As the (e) aliphatic alcohol, a saturated aliphatic alcohol is preferable. Also, an aliphatic alcohol having 36 or fewer carbon atoms in total is preferable, and an aliphatic alcohol having 22 or fewer carbon atoms is more preferable. Furthermore, an aliphatic alcohol having 4 or more carbon atoms in total is preferable.

[0015] The active ingredient in the honeybee repellent of the present invention is not limited to only the components belonging to the above (a) to (e). In the following examples, the honeybee repellent effect and the like will be described in detail, but the following compound groups are also active ingredients in the honeybee repellent of the present invention. <Group A-1> Tetradecane (a), furfuryl alcohol (b), cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, and isoquinoline. This "Group A-1" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits an extremely excellent honeybee repellent effect (repellent rate of 90% or more) and does not repellent other target pests such as stink bugs. <Group A-2> Furfural (b), anisaldehyde, perillaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, n-octanal, citronellyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, 2'-acetonaphthone, acetophenone, α-ionone, and 4-methoxystyrene. This "Group A-2" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits an extremely excellent honeybee repellent effect (repellency rate of 90% or more), just like "Group A-1".

[0016] <Group B-1> Tetradecane (a), furfuryl alcohol (b), cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, and citronella oil. This "Group B-1" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits a remarkably excellent honeybee repellent effect (repellent rate of 80% or more) and does not repellent other target pests such as stink bugs. <Group B-2> Furfural (b), anisaldehyde, perillaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, n-octanal, citronellyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, 2'-acetonaphthone, acetophenone, α-ionone, 4-methoxystyrene, 1-dodecanol (e), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e), methionol, 4-propyl hydroxybenzoate, benzyl acetate, isobutyl phenylacetate, terpinyl acetate, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine, 4-methylacetophenone, hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzothiazole, and 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene. Group B-2, like Group B-1, is a group of active ingredients in the present invention that exhibits a remarkably excellent honeybee repellent effect (repellency rate of 80% or more).

[0017] <Group C-1> Tetradecane (a), furfuryl alcohol (b), cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, citronella oil, sotolon (c), ethyl 10-undecenoate, allyl phenylacetate, isoamyl butyrate, 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, 5-hydroxyquinoxaline, and 1-methylnaphthalene. This "Group C-1" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits excellent honeybee repellent effects (repellent rate of 70% or more) and does not repel other target pests such as stink bugs. <Group C-2> Furfural (b), anisaldehyde, perillaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, n-octanal, citronellyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, 2'-acetonaphthone, acetophenone, α-ionone, 4-methoxystyrene, 1-dodecanol (e), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e), methionol, 4-propyl hydroxybenzoate, benzyl acetate, isobutyl phenylacetate, terpinyl acetate, 2,3,5-trimethylpyra Zin, 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine, 4-methylacetophenone, hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzothiazole, 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene, α-amyl cinnamaldehyde, menthyl acetate, geranyl tigrate, methyl N-methylanthranilate, ethyl pentadecanoate, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 6-methylquinoline, 5-methylquinoxaline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline, and 2-naphthalenchiol. "Group C-2" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits excellent bee repellent effects (repellency rate of 70% or more), similar to "Group C-1".

[0018] <Group D-1> Tetradecane (a), furfuryl alcohol (b), cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, citronella oil, sotolon (c), ethyl 10-undecenoate, allyl phenylacetate, isoamyl butyrate, 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, 5-hydroxyquinoxaline, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-acetylfuran (b), 1-pentanol (e), vanillin, isovaleraldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, geranyl acetate, ethyl isovalerate, and δ-undecanolactone. This "Group D-1" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits excellent honeybee repellent effects (repellency rate of 60% or more) and does not repellent other target pests such as stink bugs. <Group D-2> Furfural (b), anisaldehyde, perillaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, n-octanal, citronellyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, 2'-acetonaphthone, acetophenone, α-ionone, 4-methoxystyrene, 1-dodecanol (e), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e), methionol, 4-propyl hydroxybenzoate, benzyl acetate, isobutyl phenylacetate, terpinyl acetate, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine, 4-methylacetophenone, hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzothiazole, 1,5- Dimethylnaphthalene, α-amyl cinnamaldehyde, menthyl acetate, geranyl tigrate, methyl N-methylanthranilate, ethyl pentadecanoate, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyran, 6-methylquinoline, 5-methylquinoxaline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline, 2-naphthalenchiol, 1-benzylpyrrole (d), 3-methyl-1-butanol (e), isoeugenol, anise alcohol, ethyl vanillin, propionaldehyde, trans-2-methyl-2-butenal, butyl butyrate, 2-acetylthiazole, pyrrolidine, and (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine. Group D-2, like Group D-1, is a group of active ingredients in the present invention that exhibits excellent bee repellent effects (repellency rate of 60% or more).

[0019] <Group E-1> Tetradecane (a), furfuryl alcohol (b), cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, citronella oil, sotolon (c), ethyl 10-undecenoate, allyl phenylacetate, isoamyl butyrate, 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 2,3-diphenyl Luquinoxaline, 5-hydroxyquinoxaline, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-acetylfuran(b), 1-pentanol(e), vanillin, isovaleraldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, geranyl acetate, ethyl isovalerate, δ-undecanolactone, octane(a), trans-2-pentenal, valeraldehyde, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, phenethyl acetate, methyl anthranilate, ethyl laurate, pyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine, γ-undecalactone, and maltolpropionate. This "Group E-1" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits excellent honeybee repellent effects (repellent rate of 50% or more) and does not repellent other target pests such as stink bugs. <Group E-2> Furfural (b), anisaldehyde, perillaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, n-octanal, citronellyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, 2'-acetonaphthone, acetophenone, α-ionone, 4-methoxystyrene, 1-dodecanol (e), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e), methionol, 4-propyl hydroxybenzoate, benzyl acetate, isobutyl phenylacetate, terpinyl acetate, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine, 4-methylacetophenone, hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzothiazole, 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene, α-amyl cinnamaldehyde, menthyl acetate, geranyl tigrate, methyl N-methylanthranilate, ethyl pentadecanoate 2-ethyl-3-methylpyran, 6-methylquinoline, 5-methylquinoxaline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline, 2-naphthalenchiol, 1-benzylpyrrole (d), 3-methyl-1-butanol (e), isoeugenol, anise alcohol, ethyl vanillin, propionaldehyde, trans-2-methyl-2-butenal, butyl butyrate, 2-acetylthiazole, pyrrolidine, (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine, nonadecane (a), 5-methyl-2-flualdehyde (b), 1-octanol (e), butyraldehyde, ethyl phenylethyl acetate, (-)-menthyl succinate, butyl n-octanoate, ethyl decanoate, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, 3-ethylpyridine, and 4-quinolinecarboxylic acid. Group E-2, like Group E-1, is a group of active ingredients in the present invention that exhibits excellent bee repellent effects (repellency rate of 50% or more).

[0020] <Group F-1> Tetradecane (a), furfuryl alcohol (b), cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, citronella oil, sotolon (c), ethyl 10-undecenoate, allyl phenylacetate, isoamyl butyrate, 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, 5-hydroxyquinoxaline, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-acetylfuran (b), 1-Pentanol(e), vanillin, isovaleraldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, geranyl acetate, ethyl isovalerate, δ-undecanolactone, octane(a), trans-2-pentenal, valeraldehyde, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, phenethyl acetate, methyl anthranilate, ethyl laurate, pyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine, γ-undecalactone, maltol propionate, furaneol, (3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)dimethylsulfonium chloride, allyl hexanoate, butyl laurate, butyric acid, α-angelicalactone, and 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol. This "Group F-1" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits a honeybee repellent effect (repellency rate of 30% or more) and does not repel other pests that are targeted for extermination, such as stink bugs. <Group F-2> Furfural (b), anisaldehyde, perillaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, n-octanal, citronellyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, 2'-acetonaphthone, acetophenone, α-ionone, 4-methoxystyrene, 1-dodecanol (e), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e), methionol, 4-propyl hydroxybenzoate, benzyl acetate, isobutyl phenylacetate, terpinyl acetate, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine, 4-methylacetophenone, hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzothiazole, 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene, α-amylcinnamaldehyde, menthyl acetate, geranyl tigrate, methyl N-methylanthranilate, ethyl pentadecanoate, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyran, 6- Methylquinoline, 5-methylquinoxaline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline, 2-naphthalenchiol, 1-benzylpyrrole (d), 3-methyl-1-butanol (e), isoeugenol, anise alcohol, ethyl vanillin, propionaldehyde, trans-2-methyl-2-butenal, butyl butyrate, 2-acetylthiazole, pyrrolidine, (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine, nonadecane (a), 5-methyl-2-fluoraldehyde (b), 1-octanol (e), butyraldehyde, ethyl phenylethyl acetate, (-)-menthyl succinate, butyl n-octanoate, ethyl decanoate, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, 3-ethylpyridine, 4-quinolinecarboxylic acid, butyl acetate, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, and stearic acid. "Group F-2" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits the same bee-repellent effect (repellency rate of 30% or more) as "Group F-1".

[0021] <Group G-1> Tetradecane (a), furfuryl alcohol (b), cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, citronella oil, sotolon (c), ethyl 10-undecenoate, allyl phenylacetate, isoamyl butyrate, 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, 5-hydroxyquinoxaline, 1-methylnaphthalene, 2-acetylfuran (b), 1-pentanol (e), vanillin, isovaleraldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, geranyl acetate, ethyl isovalerate δ-Undecanolactone, Octane(a), trans-2-Pentenal, Valeraldehyde, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, phenethyl acetate, methyl anthranilate, ethyl laurate, pyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine, γ-Undecalactone, maltol propionate, furaneol, (3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)dimethylsulfonium chloride, allyl hexanoate, butyl laurate, butyric acid, α-Angelicalactone, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, tert-butyl ethyl acetate, ethyl maltol, 1-furfurylpyrrole, 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, 3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid, ethyl cinnamate, ethyl heptanoate, 3-methyl-2-butanol, and isoamyl formate. This "Group G-1" is a group of active ingredients of the present invention that exhibits a honeybee repellent effect (repellency rate of 10% or more) and does not repellent other target pests such as stink bugs. <Group G-2> Furfural (b), anisaldehyde, perillaldehyde, hydroxycitronellal, n-octanal, citronellyl acetate, ethyl octanoate, 2'-acetonaphthone, acetophenone, α-ionone, 4-methoxystyrene, 1-dodecanol (e), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e), methionol, 4-hydroxybenzoate propyl, benzyl acetate, isobutyl phenylacetate, terpinyl acetate, 2,3,5-trimethicone Lupyrazine, 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine, 4-methylacetophenone, hexanoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, benzothiazole, 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene, α-amylcinnamaldehyde, menthyl acetate, geranyl tigrate, methyl N-methylanthranilate, ethyl pentadecanoate, 2-ethyl-3-methylpyran, 6-methylquinoline, 5-methylquinoxaline, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline, 2-naphthalene ol, 1-benzylpyrrole (d), 3-methyl-1-butanol (e), isoeugenol, anise alcohol, ethyl vanillin, propionaldehyde, trans-2-methyl-2-butenal, butyl butyrate, 2-acetylthiazole, pyrrolidine, (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine, nonadecane (a), 5-methyl-2-flualdehyde (b), 1-octanol (e), butyraldehyde, ethyl phenylacetate, succinate (-)- Menthyl, n-butyl octanoate, ethyl decanoate, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, 3-ethylpyridine, 4-quinoline carboxylic acid, butyl acetate, 2-acetylpyrrole, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, stearic acid, heptadecane, γ-butyrolactone, benzyl propionate, 1-methylpyrrolidine, isoamyl isovalerate, isoamyl acetate, acetylacetone, diacetone alcohol, butyl sulfide, and 1-octadecanol. Group G-2, like Group G-1, is a group of active ingredients in the present invention that exhibits a bee repellent effect (repellency rate of 10% or more).

[0022] The classification of the active ingredients of the present invention based on their chemical structure is as follows. The following classification is based on Chapter 29, Organic Chemicals, of the Customs and Tariff Bureau's Commentary on the Customs Tariff Schedule (No. 1443, November 28, 2016; last amended: No. 163, February 5, 2020). If a compound appears to belong to two or more of the classifications (I) to (XIX), it shall belong to the classification that is numerically final among the applicable classifications (I) to (XIX). Furthermore, unless otherwise specified below, the classification based on the aforementioned Commentary on Customs Tariff Schedule shall be followed. The active ingredient in the bee repellent of the present invention is thought to be specifically repelled by bees because the reactivity upon contact with the active ingredient differs due to differences in preferences (olfaction, taste, etc.) between bees and target pests such as stink bugs, as well as differences in the body surface of bees and target pests such as stink bugs. (I) Acyclic hydrocarbon compounds Acyclic hydrocarbon compounds are compounds consisting only of carbon and hydrogen that do not have a cyclic structure. These (I) acyclic hydrocarbon compounds include the (a) linear alkanes with 6 to 19 carbon atoms mentioned above. Among these, linear alkanes with 8 to 14 carbon atoms are preferred because they exhibit excellent bee repellent effects and do not repel target pests such as stink bugs. Linear alkanes with 8 to 14 carbon atoms have particularly high penetration into the skin of pests, so differences in reactivity are easily expressed when they come into contact with the body surface of bees and target pests such as stink bugs, which is thought to be the reason why bees are specifically repelled by them. These (a) linear alkanes with 6 to 19 carbon atoms include octane (a-1), tetradecane (a-2), heptadecane (a-3), nonadecane (a-4), etc. Among these, octane and tetradecane, which are linear alkanes with 8 to 14 carbon atoms, are preferred components because they exhibit excellent bee-repellent effects and do not repel pests that are the target of extermination, such as stink bugs. (II) Cyclic hydrocarbon compounds A cyclic hydrocarbon compound is a compound that has one or more cyclic structures in its molecule and consists only of carbon and hydrogen. Aromatic hydrocarbon compounds are cyclic hydrocarbon compounds that have one or more condensed or uncondensed benzene rings in their molecule. These (II) cyclic hydrocarbon compounds include (ii) aromatic hydrocarbon compounds, and (ii) aromatic hydrocarbon compounds further include (ii-1) hydrocarbon compounds having two or more benzene rings. Among these, compounds with only one substituent among (ii-1) hydrocarbon compounds having two or more benzene rings are preferred components because they exhibit excellent bee repellent effects and do not repel pests such as stink bugs. This (ii-1) includes 1-methylnaphthalene and 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene, among others. Of these, 1-methylnaphthalene is the preferred component because it exhibits excellent bee-repellent effects while not repelling other pests such as stink bugs.

[0023] (III) Acyclic alcohol compounds Acyclic alcohol compounds are compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms of an acyclic hydrocarbon are replaced by hydroxyl groups. These (III) acyclic alcohol compounds include the above (e) aliphatic alcohols, and these (e) aliphatic alcohols include (iii-1) saturated monohydric alcohols and (iii-2) unsaturated monohydric alcohols. (iii-1) Saturated monohydric alcohols include 1-octanol (e-1), 1-dodecanol (e-2), 1-octadecanol (e-3), 3-methyl-2-butanol (e-4), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e-5), 3-methyl-1-butanol (e-6), 1-pentanol (e-7), etc., while (iii-2) Unsaturated monohydric alcohols include 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol (e-8), 1-penten-3-ol (e-9), etc. Among these, 3-methyl-2-butanol, 1-pentanol, 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, and 1-penten-3-ol are suitable ingredients because they exhibit a bee-repellent effect while not repelling other pests such as stink bugs. Furthermore, 1-pentanol is a more suitable ingredient because it exhibits an even better bee-repellent effect. (IV) Cyclic alcohol compounds A cyclic alcohol compound is a compound that has one or more cyclic structures in its molecule and in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by hydroxyl groups. This (IV) cyclic alcohol compound includes (iv-1) cyclic terpene alcohols and (iv-2) aromatic alcohols. (iv-1) Cyclic terpene alcohols include borneol, and (iv-2) aromatic alcohols include cinnamyl alcohol. Among these, borneol and cinnamyl alcohol are particularly suitable because they exhibit remarkably excellent bee repellent effects and do not repel target pests such as stink bugs. These suitable components are also known to be biosynthesized by plants. It is thought that the differences in plant preferences (olfaction, taste, etc.) between bees and target pests such as stink bugs play a role in why bees specifically avoid these components.

[0024] (V) Phenolic compounds Phenol compounds are compounds having a structure in which one or more hydrogen atoms of a benzene ring are replaced by hydroxyl groups. Mononuclear monophenol compounds are phenol compounds having a structure in which one hydrogen atom of a benzene ring is replaced by a hydroxyl group, and which also have one benzene ring in the molecule. This (V) phenol compound includes (v-1) mononuclear monophenol compounds, which include carvacrol, etc. Among these, carvacrol is a suitable component because it exhibits a remarkably excellent bee repellent effect and does not repel target pests such as stink bugs. Carvacrol is also a component that is known to be biosynthesized by plants. In particular, it is thought that the difference in plant preferences (olfaction, taste, etc.) between bees and target pests such as stink bugs influences why bees specifically avoid carvacrol. (VI) Ether compounds (whether or not they have other oxygen functional groups) Ether compounds are compounds in which the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group of an alcohol or phenol is replaced by a hydrocarbon group (alkyl group or aryl group). Furthermore, ether compounds having other oxygen functional groups are ether compounds that have one or more oxygen functional groups (alcohol, phenol) as described in (III) to (V) in the same molecule. This (VI) ether compound includes compounds having a (vi-1) methoxybenzene skeleton (anisole skeleton), which includes isoeugenol, anise alcohol, 4-methoxystyrene, etc. Among these, compounds having a (vi-1) methoxybenzene skeleton (anisole skeleton) are preferred components because they exhibit excellent bee repellent effects. (VII) Aldehyde compounds (whether or not they have other oxygen functional groups) Aldehyde compounds are compounds that have an aldehyde group formed by the oxidation of a primary alcohol. Furthermore, aldehyde compounds with other oxygen functional groups are aldehyde compounds that have one or more oxygen functional groups (alcohol, ether, phenol) as described in (III) to (VI) within the same molecule. Specifically, compounds having an aldehyde group and an alcoholic hydroxyl group are called aldehyde alcohols, ether compounds having an aldehyde group are called aldehyde ethers, and compounds having an aldehyde group and a phenolic hydroxyl group are called aldehyde phenols. These (VII) aldehyde compounds include (vii-1) saturated acyclic aldehydes, (vii-2) unsaturated acyclic aldehydes, (vii-3) unsaturated alicyclic aldehydes, (vii-4) aromatic aldehydes, (vii-5) aldehyde ethers, (vii-6) aldehyde ethers and aldehyde phenols, and (vii-7) aldehyde alcohols. (vii-1) Saturated acyclic aldehydes include propionaldehyde, n-octanal, isovaleraldehyde, valeraldehyde, and butyraldehyde; (vii-2) Unsaturated acyclic aldehydes include trans-2-pentenal, 3-methyl-2-butenal, and trans-2-methyl-2-butenal; (vii-3) Unsaturated alicyclic aldehydes include perillaldehyde; (vii-4) Aromatic aldehydes include cinnamaldehyde and α-amyl cinnamaldehyde; (vii-5) Aldehyde ethers include anisaldehyde; (vii-6) Aldehyde ethers that are also aldehyde phenols include vanillin and ethyl vanillin; and (vii-7) Aldehyde alcohols include hydroxycitronellal. Among these, isovaleraldehyde, valeraldehyde, trans-2-pentenal, 3-methyl-2-butenal, cinnamaldehyde, and vanillin are suitable ingredients because they exhibit excellent bee-repellent effects while not repelling other pests such as stink bugs. Furthermore, 3-methyl-2-butenal and cinnamaldehyde are even more suitable ingredients because they exhibit remarkably superior bee-repellent effects.

[0025] (VIII) Ketone compounds (whether or not they have other oxygen functional groups) Ketone compounds are compounds that have a carbonyl group in their molecule. Ketone compounds with other oxygen functional groups are ketone compounds that have one or more oxygen functional groups (alcohol, ether, phenol, aldehyde) as indicated in (III) to (VII) in the same molecule. Specifically, ketone compounds that have a carbonyl group and an alcoholic hydroxyl group are called ketone alcohols. These (VIII) ketone compounds include (viii-1) acyclic ketones, (viii-2) unsaturated alicyclic ketones, (viii-3) aromatic ketones, and (viii-4) ketone alcohols. (viii-1) Acyclic ketones include acetylacetone, (viii-2) unsaturated alicyclic ketones include β-ionone, α-ionone, (viii-3) aromatic ketones include 2'-acetonaphthone, 4-methylacetophenone, acetophenone, and (viii-4) ketone alcohols include diacetone alcohol. Among these, β-ionone is a preferred component because it exhibits remarkably excellent bee repellent effects and does not repel target pests such as stink bugs. (IX) Saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds Carboxylic acid compounds are compounds that have a carboxyl group in their molecule. They are classified as saturated / unsaturated depending on whether or not they have double bonds or other structures in the part of the molecule other than the carboxyl group, and as acyclic / cyclic depending on whether or not they have a cyclic structure. (IX) Saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds include (ix-1) saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds with 4 or more carbon atoms, which include hexanoic acid, butyric acid, stearic acid, etc. Among these, butyric acid is a suitable component because it exhibits a bee repellent effect and does not repel pests that are targeted for extermination, such as stink bugs. (X) Saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid ester compound A saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid ester compound is an ester compound in which the hydrogen atoms of the carboxyl group of a saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compound are substituted with an alkyl or aryl group. Furthermore, an ester compound of a saturated acyclic carboxylic acid with 1 to 15 carbon atoms means that the saturated acyclic carboxylic acid compound has 1 to 15 carbon atoms before the hydrogen atoms of the carboxyl group are substituted with an alkyl or aryl group. This (X) saturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid ester compound includes (x) ester compounds of saturated acyclic carboxylic acids having 1 to 15 carbon atoms, which include cinnamyl acetate, benzyl acetate, phenethyl acetate, benzyl propionate, menthyl acetate, geranyl acetate, geranyl formate, terpinyl acetate, citronellyl acetate, butyl butyrate, butyl n-octanoate, butyl laurate, butyl decanoate, ethyl pentadecanoate, ethyl laurate, ethyl isovalerate, ethyl tert-butyl acetate, isoamyl propionate, butyl acetate, ethyl butyrate, ethyl octanoate, allyl hexanoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl isovalerate, isoamyl acetate, isoamyl formate, ethyl heptanoate, etc. In particular, cinnamyl acetate, phenethyl acetate, geranyl acetate, geranyl formate, butyl laurate, ethyl laurate, ethyl isovalerate, tert-butyl ethyl acetate, isoamyl propionate, allyl hexanoate, isoamyl butyrate, isoamyl formate, and ethyl heptanoate are suitable ingredients because they exhibit a superior bee-repellent effect. Furthermore, cinnamyl acetate, phenethyl acetate, geranyl acetate, geranyl formate, ethyl laurate, ethyl isovalerate, and isoamyl butyrate are even more suitable ingredients because they exhibit an even better bee-repellent effect.

[0026] (XI) Unsaturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds and cyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds These (XI) unsaturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds and cyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds include (xi-1) unsaturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives; (xi-2) saturated alicyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives; (xi-3) aromatic saturated monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives; and (xi-4) aromatic unsaturated monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives. Among these, (xi-2) saturated alicyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives, and (xi-4) aromatic unsaturated monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives are preferred components because they exhibit a bee-repellent effect and do not repel pests targeted for extermination, such as stink bugs. Furthermore, cinnamic acid and its salts, esters, and other derivatives are even more preferred components. These preferred components are also known to be biosynthesized by plants. In particular, it is thought that differences in the plant preferences (olfactory, gustatory, etc.) of honeybees and pests such as stink bugs influence why honeybees specifically avoid this component. (xi-1) Unsaturated acyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives include geranyl tigrate and ethyl 10-undecenoate; (xi-2) Saturated alicyclic monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives include allyl cyclohexanepropionate; (xi-3) Aromatic saturated monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives include isobutyl phenylacetate, ethyl phenylacetate, and allyl phenylacetate; and (xi-4) Aromatic unsaturated monocarboxylic acid compounds and their salts, esters, and other derivatives include methyl cinnamate and ethyl cinnamate. Among these, ethyl 10-undecenoate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, allyl phenylacetate, methyl cinnamate, and ethyl cinnamate are suitable ingredients because they exhibit a bee-repellent effect while not repelling other pests such as stink bugs. Furthermore, among these, ethyl 10-undecenoate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, allyl phenylacetate, and methyl cinnamate are even more suitable because they exhibit superior bee-repellent effects. (XII) polycarboxylic acid compounds Polycarboxylic acid compounds are carboxylic acid compounds that have two or more carboxyl groups. These (XII) polycarboxylic acids include (xii-1) acyclic polycarboxylic acid compounds and their esters, salts, and other derivatives, including (-)-menthyl succinate.

[0027] (XIII) Carboxylic acid compounds (limited to those having other oxygen functional groups) Carboxylic acid compounds having other oxygen functional groups are carboxylic acid compounds having one or more oxygen functional groups (alcohol, ether, phenol, aldehyde, ketone) as indicated in (III) to (VIII) within the same molecule. These (XIII) carboxylic acid (limited to those having other oxygen functional groups) compounds include (xiii-1) alcohol-functional carboxylic acid compounds and their esters, salts, and other derivatives (provided that the alcohol function is not an ester), (xiii-2) phenol-functional carboxylic acid compounds and their esters, salts, and other derivatives, (xiii-3) aldehyde-functional or ketone-functional carboxylic acid compounds and their esters, salts, and other derivatives, and (xiii-4) carboxylic acid compounds having two methoxy groups and their esters, salts, and other derivatives. In particular, (xiii-3) aldehyde- or ketone-functional carboxylic acid compounds and their esters, salts, and other derivatives, and (xiii-4) carboxylic acid compounds having two methoxy groups and their esters, salts, and other derivatives are preferred ingredients because they exhibit a bee-repelling effect and do not repel pests that are the target of extermination, such as stink bugs. Among these, acetoacetic acid esters, dimethoxybenzoic acid, and their esters, salts, and other derivatives are preferred ingredients. (xiii-1) Alcohol-functionalized carboxylic acid compounds and their esters, salts, and other derivatives (provided the alcohol function is not an ester) include triethyl citrate, etc.; (xiii-2) Phenol-functionalized carboxylic acid compounds and their esters, salts, and other derivatives include propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, etc.; (xiii-3) Aldehyde-functionalized or ketone-functionalized carboxylic acid compounds and their esters, salts, and other derivatives include ethyl acetoacetate, which is an acetoacetate ester; (xiii-4) Carboxylic acid compounds having two methoxy groups and their esters, salts, and other derivatives include 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid, etc. Among these, triethyl citrate, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl salicylate, ethyl acetoacetate, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, and 3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid are suitable ingredients because they exhibit a bee-repellent effect while not repelling other pests such as stink bugs. Furthermore, ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate and 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid are even more suitable ingredients because they exhibit superior bee-repellent effects. (XIV) Amine-functional compounds Amine functional compounds are organic nitrogen compounds having an amine structure (obtained by substituting one, two, or three hydrogen atoms of ammonia with one, two, or three alkyl or aryl groups, respectively). These (XIV) amine functional compounds include (xiv-1) acyclic monoamine compounds and their derivatives, as well as salts thereof, and include aliphatic amines, such as butylamine. Among these, butylamine, an aliphatic amine, is a preferred component because it exhibits excellent bee repellent effects and does not repel target pests such as stink bugs.

[0028] (XV) Oxygen-functionalized amino compounds Oxygen-functionalized amino compounds are compounds that have one or more amino groups and contain one or more oxygen-functional groups (alcohols, ethers, phenols, aldehydes, ketones) as indicated in (I) to (VIII) within the same molecule. Furthermore, amino acids are compounds that have one or more carboxyl groups and one or more amino groups. This (XV) oxygen-functionalized amino compound includes (xv-1) amino acids and their esters, as well as their salts, including anthranilate esters such as methyl anthranilate and N-methylmethyl anthranilate. Among these, methyl anthranilate, an anthranilate ester, is a preferred component because it exhibits excellent bee-repellent effects while not repelling target pests such as stink bugs. (XVI) Organic sulfur compounds Organic sulfur compounds are compounds that have a sulfur atom directly bonded to a carbon atom in their molecule. This also includes compounds in which other nonmetallic or metallic atoms are directly bonded to a carbon atom in addition to the sulfur atom. Examples of these (XVI) organic sulfur compounds include methionol, 2-naphthalenchiol, butyl sulfide, and (3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)dimethylsulfonium chloride. Among these, (3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)dimethylsulfonium chloride is a preferred component because it exhibits a bee-repellent effect while not repelling other pests such as stink bugs. (XVII) Heterocyclic compounds (limited to those having only oxygen as a heteroatom). Heterocyclic compounds are compounds that have one or more rings in their molecule, and these rings contain atoms other than carbon atoms, such as oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. Heterocyclic compounds that have only oxygen as a heteroatom are those that have only oxygen as an atom other than carbon in the ring of their molecule. Lactones are heterocyclic compounds that have one or more esters in the ring of their molecule and only oxygen as a heteroatom consisting of two or more carbon atoms. 4-Pyrones are heterocyclic compounds that have a 4-pyrone skeleton. In addition to the above (b) furan compounds and the above (c) furanone compounds having unsaturated bonds, this (XVII) heterocyclic compound category includes (xvii-1) lactones (excluding furanone compounds) and (xvii-2) 4-pyrones. In particular, (xvii-1) lactones (excluding furanone compounds) with 5 or more carbon atoms, (c) furanone compounds with unsaturated bonds, and (xvii-2) 4-pyrone compounds are preferred components because they exhibit a bee-repelling effect while not repelling other pests such as stink bugs. These preferred components include those derived from fermentation by microorganisms. It is thought that bees specifically dislike these components (through their sense of smell, taste, etc.), which influences their specific repellency. (b) Furan compounds include 2-acetylfuran, 5-methyl-2-flualdehyde, furfural, furfuryl alcohol, etc. (c) Furanone compounds having unsaturated bonds include furaneol, sotolon, α-angelicalactone, etc. (xvii-1) Lactones (excluding furanone compounds) include γ-undecalactone, γ-butyrolactone, δ-dodecalactone, δ-undecanolactone, etc. (xvii-2) 4-pyrones include ethyl maltol, maltol propionate, etc. Among these, 2-acetylfuran, furfuryl alcohol, furaneol, sotolon, α-angelicalactone, γ-undecalactone, δ-dodecalactone, δ-undecanolactone, ethyl maltol, and maltol propionate are suitable ingredients because they exhibit a bee-repellent effect while not repelling other pests such as stink bugs. Furthermore, among these, 2-acetylfuran, furfuryl alcohol, sotolon, γ-undecalactone, δ-dodecalactone, δ-undecanolactone, and maltol propionate are even more suitable because they exhibit superior bee-repellent effects.

[0029] (XVIII) Heterocyclic compounds (limited to those having only nitrogen as a heteroatom). A heterocyclic compound having only nitrogen as a heteroatom is one in which the ring in the molecule contains only nitrogen as an atom other than carbon. Furthermore, pyrazine compounds have a pyrazine ring, and pyridine compounds have a pyridine ring. Furthermore, quinoline and isoquinoline derivatives refer to heterocyclic compounds having a structure in which a benzene ring and a pyridine ring are fused. Quinoxaline compounds refer to heterocyclic compounds having a structure in which a benzene ring and a pyrazine ring are fused, and include those in which the benzene ring has a saturated hydrogen bond structure. Pyrrolidine compounds refer to those having a pyrrolidine ring. This (XVIII) heterocyclic compound (limited to those having only nitrogen as a heteroatom) includes, in addition to (d) pyrrole compounds with 6 or more carbon atoms mentioned above, (xviii-1) pyrazine compounds, (xviii-2) pyridine compounds, (xviii-3) quinoline and isoquinoline derivatives, (xviii-4) quinoxaline compounds, and (xviii-5) pyrrolidine compounds. (d) Pyrrole compounds with 6 or more carbon atoms include 1-benzylpyrrole, 2-acetylpyrrole, 1-furfurylpyrrole, etc. (xviii-1) Pyrazine compounds include 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, pyrazine, 2-methylpyrazine, etc. (xviii-2) Pyridine compounds include 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine, 2,6- Dimethylpyridine and 3-ethylpyridine are examples of (xviii-3) quinoline and isoquinoline derivatives, including isoquinoline, 6-methylquinoline, quinoline, and 4-quinolinecarboxylic acid; (xviii-4) xaline compounds include 5-methylquinoxaline, 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, 5-hydroxyquinoxaline, and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline; and (xviii-5) pyrrolidine compounds include pyrrolidine, 1-methylpyrrolidine, and (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine. In particular, 1-furfurylpyrrole, pyrazine, 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine, isoquinoline, quinoline, 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, and 5-hydroxyquinoxaline are suitable ingredients because they exhibit a bee-repellent effect while not repelling other pests such as stink bugs. Furthermore, pyrazine, 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine, 2,6-dimethylpyridine, isoquinoline, quinoline, 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline, and 5-hydroxyquinoxaline are even more suitable ingredients because they exhibit an even better bee-repellent effect. (XIX) Heterocyclic compounds (limited to those having only nitrogen and sulfur as heteroatoms). Heterocyclic compounds, which have only nitrogen and sulfur as heteroatoms, are those whose rings contain only nitrogen and sulfur in addition to carbon. These (XIX) heterocyclic compounds include those having (xix-1) thiazole rings and benzothiazole rings, such as 2-acetylthiazole and benzothiazole. (XX)Essential oil This (XX) essential oil contains citronella oil, among other things.

[0030] <Pharmaceutical Products> The bee repellent of the present invention can be formulated with the active ingredient along with other ingredients commonly added to formulations as needed, or diluted with water. Among these, solid and liquid formulations are preferred because they are compact and have excellent storage stability, making them advantageous during transport and storage. In particular, since the bee repellent of the present invention is preferably used in liquid form, a liquid formulation is preferred when diluted with water because it is easy to dilute and leaves little residue. The active ingredient in the bee repellent of the present invention is preferably contained in an amount of 0.00001 w / v% or more relative to the total amount of drug used, more preferably 0.001 w / v% or more, even more preferably 0.01 w / v% or more, and particularly preferably 0.1 w / v% or more. If the amount of this active ingredient is less than 0.00001 w / v%, the repellent effect may not be sufficiently exhibited. Furthermore, if the amount exceeds 99.5 w / v%, problems arise with formulation and its stability, so the amount is preferably 99.5 w / v% or less.

[0031] <Surfactants> When formulating the bee repellent of the present invention, a surfactant may be incorporated. Any nonionic surfactant, anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant, or amphoteric surfactant can be used without particular limitation, but among these, a nonionic surfactant or anionic surfactant is preferred. Specifically, examples of nonionic surfactants include sugar ester type, fatty acid ester type, vegetable oil type, alcohol type, alkylphenol type, polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block polymer type, alkylamine type, bisphenol type, and polycyclic aromatic type. Examples of anionic surfactants include carboxylic acid type, sulfonic acid type, sulfate ester type, and phosphate ester type. Examples of cationic surfactants include ammonium type and benzalkonium type. Examples of amphoteric surfactants include betaine type. These surfactants can be used individually or as a mixture of two or more.

[0032] <Liquid carrier> In formulating the bee repellent of the present invention, a liquid carrier can be incorporated. The liquid carrier is not particularly limited as long as it achieves the effects of the present invention, and various known liquids different from the active ingredient of the present invention can be used as carriers. For dilution, for example, purified water, tap water, ion-exchanged water, distilled water, filtered water, sterilized water, groundwater, well water, etc., can be used. When formulating the bee repellent of the present invention, in addition to the surfactant and liquid carrier mentioned above, auxiliary components that are generally added to formulations may be added as needed. Examples of auxiliary components that are generally added to formulations include stabilizers, preservatives, colorants, and ingestion prevention agents. Examples of stabilizers include antioxidants such as dibutylhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), and ascorbic acid. Examples of preservatives include sorbic acid, sorbates, parahydroxybenzoic acid esters, thiabendazole, and sodium chloride. Examples of colorants include caramel color, gardenia color, anthocyanin color, safflower color, flavonoid color, Red No. 2, Red No. 3, Yellow No. 4, and Yellow No. 5. Examples of ingestion prevention agents include denatonium benzoate.

[0033] <About poison bait> The bee repellent of the present invention can be used by incorporating it into poison baits used to exterminate carnivorous bees such as hornets and paper wasps. This combination makes it possible to repel honeybees, which are not the intended target of extermination. The bee repellent of the present invention can be used as a poison bait for carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps, for example, in the form of a liquid formulation, powder formulation, ball formulation, paste formulation, gel formulation, tablet formulation, etc., and as an application agent, it can be a brush-on formulation, spray formulation, injection formulation, etc. Furthermore, a feeding substrate impregnated, attached to, or coated with the poison bait can be placed in a location where carnivorous wasps are to be exterminated, and the extermination effect can be obtained by the wasps consuming the bait. Examples of materials for this feeding substrate include sponge, absorbent cotton, natural fibers, synthetic fiber nonwoven fabrics, polymers such as superabsorbent polymers, woven fabrics, paper, porous materials, etc. This bait is preferably used in a container. The container can be any shape and size that is suitable for the location and method of use, as long as it can contain the bait containing the bee repellent of the present invention. The material of the container is not particularly limited, as long as it has waterproof or water-repellent properties that prevent the bee repellent of the present invention from leaking out of the container, such as glass, metal, or plastic. When the bait containing the bee repellent of the present invention is placed outdoors, it is preferable to have a cover that prevents rainwater from entering and diluting the bait, thereby reducing its bee repellent effect and carnivorous wasp extermination effect. The bait containing the bee repellent of the present invention is preferably used by hanging it 1 to 3 meters above the ground, away from direct sunlight, or by placing it on a flat surface where the container opening is not blocked.

[0034] <About bee traps> The bee repellent of the present invention may be incorporated into an attractant that attracts carnivorous bees such as hornets and paper wasps, and then placed in a container and used as a bee trap. This combination makes it possible to repel bees, which are not the intended target. The shape and size of this bee trap are not limited as long as it can contain the bee repellent of the present invention, which is used to attract carnivorous bees such as hornets and paper wasps. It should be in a form that is suitable for the location and method of use. The material of the container is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that has waterproof or water-repellent properties so that the bee repellent of the present invention does not leak out of the container, such as glass, metal, or plastic. As an example of the container's configuration, it is preferable that the container has a lid that covers the opening, and that either the lid or the container has an opening through which a bee can enter. This opening should be of a size and shape that allows a bee to easily enter the container, and the number of openings should be between two and five, depending on the size of the container. The container may have a transparent or semi-transparent window-like section so that the number of captured bees can be visually confirmed, or it may be a transparent or semi-transparent container, which can also reduce discomfort by making the captured bees less visible. Furthermore, to prevent bees that have entered the container from easily escaping, the opening is preferably funnel-shaped or similar. When a bee trap is installed outdoors, it is preferable to have a cover that prevents rainwater and other elements from entering, thereby preventing the honeybee repellent of the present invention from diluting the attractant for carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps, and reducing the honeybee repellent effect and the carnivorous wasp attractant effect. The bee traps that use the bee repellent of the present invention as an attractant for carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps are preferably used by hanging them 1 to 3 meters above the ground, fixing them to a fence or the like, or placing them on a flat surface where the container opening is not obstructed, and where they are not exposed to direct sunlight.

[0035] <Pesticides> The bee repellent of the present invention may be used in combination with insecticides, acaricides, and fungicides applied to crops, as well as herbicides applied to farmland and non-farmland. This combination suppresses the intrusion of bees into areas where pesticides are sprayed, preventing damage caused by bees being exterminated through indirect contact with pesticides. Furthermore, the bee repellent of the present invention may be used alone, and by using the bee repellent of the present invention before and after spraying insecticides, acaricides, and fungicides applied to crops, as well as herbicides applied to farmland and non-farmland, it is possible to prevent damage caused by bees being exterminated through direct or indirect contact with pesticides. The pesticides that can be used in combination with the bee repellent of the present invention are not particularly limited and include known compounds such as neonicotinoid pesticides such as acetamiprid, imidaproclid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, and nitenpyram; pyrethroid pesticides such as allethrin, resmethrin, d-phenothrin, tetramethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, fenvalerate, permethrin, and etofenprox; phenylpyrazole pesticides such as ethiprole and fipronil; insecticides and acaricides such as dichlorvos, trichlorfon, cyanofos, fenitrothion, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion, acephate, isoxathion, and foxim; fungicides such as pyrazole pesticides such as penthiopyrad; and herbicides such as organophosphate pesticides such as butamiphos. Neonicotinoid pesticides such as acetamiprid, imidaproclid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, and nitenpyram, as well as phenylpyrazole pesticides such as ethiprole and fipronil, are known to have a particularly significant impact on honeybees, and their effectiveness is likely to be significantly enhanced when used in combination with the honeybee repellent of the present invention. [Examples]

[0036] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to formulation examples and test examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the examples, unless otherwise specified, numerical values ​​represent w / v%.

[0037] <Honeybee repellent effect confirmation test 1> The following tests were conducted to confirm that the bee repellent of the present invention exhibits a repellent effect on bees. (1) Preparation of test specimens As test samples for the examples, 2 w / v% ethanol solutions of octane (a-1), tetradecane (a-2), heptadecane (a-3), nonadecane (a-4), 2-acetylfuran (b-1), 5-methyl-2-flualdehyde (b-2), furfural (b-3), furaneol (c-1), 2-acetylpyrrole (d-1), 1-benzylpyrrole (d-2), 1-octanol (e-1), 1-dodecanol (e-2), and 1-octadecanol (e-3) were used, along with 2 w / v% aqueous solutions of furfuryl alcohol (b-4), sotolon (c-2), and α-angelicalactone (c-3). As comparative examples, 2 w / v% ethanol solutions of eicosane (20 carbon atoms, p-1), heneicosane (21 carbon atoms, p-2), 2-methyloctane (branched alkane, p-3), o-tributyl acetylcitrate (p-4), and 1-methylpyrrole (p-5) were used as test samples, along with 2 w / v% aqueous solutions of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran-3-one (p-6) and acetic acid (p-7). For correction samples, only ethanol or only water was used. However, no repellent effect on honeybees was observed in these correction samples using only ethanol or water.

[0038] (2) Preparation of the feeding area As shown in Figure 1, two cuts 12 were made in the lid 11 (150 mm in diameter) of the KP cup, and cotton wool 13 (80 mm x 170 mm) was inserted into each cut, so that about half (80 mm x 85 mm) of the cotton wool covered the surface of the lid, and the KP cup 14 (150 mm in diameter x 60 mm in height) was fitted into it. The cotton wool 13 was impregnated with 40% sugar water (80 g), and chopsticks 15 (80 mm in length) were placed on each piece of cotton wool on the surface of the lid as a "scaffold" to create the "feeding area 1 for the test insect (honeybee)" 10. In "Feeding area for test insects (honeybees) 1," 5 mL each of the test samples from the example (16 samples), the test samples from the comparative example (7 samples), and the correction sample (2 samples) (active ingredient in the example and comparative example: 0.1 g) were uniformly sprayed onto the cotton wool 13 exposed on the lid surface, and this was designated as "Feeding area for test insects (honeybees) 2."

[0039] (3) Test method A beehive (1 colony: approximately 6,000 bees) for the test insect (honeybees) was placed in the center of a glass greenhouse (base: 5m x 10m, height (highest point): 3m, temperature: 25℃), and the aforementioned "feeding area 1 for the test insect (honeybees)" was set up 2m away from the beehive. In the "feeding area 1 for test insects (honeybees)" installed inside the greenhouse, after confirming that five or more test insects (honeybees) were foraging, we conducted Experiment 1, in which we measured the "number of approaches (Mz)" and the "number of landings (My)" and calculated the "landing rate (Mx)". Next, we replaced "feeding area 1 for test insects (honeybees)" installed in the greenhouse with "feeding area 2 for test insects (honeybees)," left it undisturbed for 5 minutes, and then conducted Experiment 2, in which we measured the "number of approaching bees (Nz)" and the "number of landings (Ny)" and calculated the "landing rate (Nx)." Here, the meanings of "approach count," "landing count," and "landing rate" are as follows: Number of approaches: The total number of times honeybees approached within 25 cm of the cotton wool at the feeding area in a 5-minute period. Landing count: The total number of honeybees that stayed on the cotton wool in the feeding area for more than one second over a 5-minute period. Landing rate (%): (Number of landings / Number of approaching aircraft) × 100 (Mx) = (My) / (Mz) × 100 (Nx) = (Ny) / (Nz) × 100

[0040] (4) Evaluation method From the "landing rate" mentioned above, the "repellency rate Q" and "corrected repellency rate R" were calculated using the following formula. The "repellency rate of the correction sample" used when calculating the "corrected repellency rate R" was the repellency rate of each correction sample mentioned above (ethanol only or water only, which are solvents for the active ingredient). Avoidance rate Q(%) = {(Mx) - (Nx)} / (Mx) × 100 Corrected repellency rate R(%) = {Repellency rate of test sample - Repellency rate of correction sample} / {100 - Repellency rate of correction sample} × 100 The corrected avoidance rate R(%) for the test specimens in the examples or comparative examples is summarized in Table 1 below.

[0041] [Table 1]

[0042] As shown in Table 1, the examples containing the active ingredient of the present invention demonstrated excellent bee repellent properties. Despite the harsh conditions of this test, in which bees were introduced to "feeding area 1" consisting of 40% sugar water, and then "feeding area 2" consisting of the test sample was replaced in the same location, and Test 2 was conducted 5 minutes later, the bee repellent of the present invention demonstrated excellent repellent effects. In contrast, in comparative examples containing components different from the active ingredient of the present invention, no repellent behavior by honeybees was observed at all. In particular, while specific examples of (a) of the present invention, a-1, a-2, and a-3, exhibited excellent repellent effects, no repellent behavior by honeybees was observed at all for alkanes with a different number of carbon atoms from those in (a) of the present invention, or for branched alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms, such as p-1, p-2, and p-3. Similarly, while specific examples of (c) of the present invention, such as c-1, c-2, and c-3, exhibited excellent repellent effects, no repellent behavior by honeybees was observed at all for p-6, which, unlike (c), does not have an unsaturated bond. Likewise, while specific examples of (d) of the present invention, such as d-1 and d-2, exhibited excellent repellent effects, no repellent behavior by honeybees was observed at all for p-5, which differs from d-2 in its 1-substituent and number of carbon atoms. Furthermore, visual observation confirmed that when one or more components selected from (a) to (e) of the present invention were used, approximately half of the honeybees that landed on the cotton wool did not engage in feeding behavior, or if they did, the feeding time was short. These results clearly demonstrate that one or more components selected from (a) to (e) of the present invention exhibit a repellent effect against honeybees.

[0043] <Behavioral confirmation test of stink bugs in response to the active ingredient of the present invention 1> Assuming a scenario in which the bee repellent of the present invention is used in combination with a pesticide, the following tests were conducted using stink bugs to confirm how pests targeted by the pesticide behave towards the bee repellent of the present invention. For correction samples, only ethanol or only water was used. However, no repellent effect against stink bugs was observed in these correction samples using only ethanol or water. (1) Test specimen The test samples used were those from the "Honeybee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 1" described above. (2) Test method A calcium carbonate / ethanol dispersion was applied to the entire inner wall of a KP cup (100 mm in diameter x 90 mm in height) and air-dried. Then, a filter paper (90 mm in diameter) was fixed to the bottom of the KP cup with double-sided tape. A crescent shape was obtained by cutting the diameter portion of another filter paper (90 mm in diameter). 400 μL of each test sample or correction sample was uniformly treated on this crescent shape and placed on top of the filter paper fixed to the bottom of the KP cup so that the circular portion overlapped, thus forming the test apparatus. Two test insects (Southern Green Stink Bugs) were released into the above-described test apparatus, and their behavior was observed for 30 minutes (1800 seconds). The average time A (seconds) for the two test insects that remained on filter paper treated with the test sample or correction sample, and the average time B (seconds) for the two test insects that remained on filter paper that had not been treated with the test sample or correction sample were measured. (3) Evaluation method From the above "Time A (seconds)" and "Time B (seconds)", the "Repellency Rate Y" and "Corrected Repellency Rate Z" were calculated using the following formula. The "Repellency Rate of Correction Sample" used when calculating the "Corrected Repellency Rate Z" was the repellency rate of each correction sample (ethanol only or water only, which are solvents for the active ingredient). Repellency rate Y(%) = {(Time B (seconds)) - (Time A (seconds))} / 1800 × 100 Corrected repellency rate Z(%) = {Repellency rate of test sample - Repellency rate of correction sample} / {100 - Repellency rate of correction sample} × 100 The corrected repellency rate Z (%) for stink bugs in the test specimens, and for reference, the corrected repellency rate R (%) for honeybees mentioned above, are summarized in Table 2 below.

[0044] [Table 2]

[0045] As shown in Table 2, it was confirmed that stink bugs did not exhibit any repellent behavior towards the active ingredient of the present invention. These results confirm that the bee repellent of the present invention can be used in combination with a stink bug extermination agent to repel bees without repelling stink bugs, thus becoming a selective pesticide. Furthermore, it was revealed that it can be used to construct stink bug traps and stink bug baits. In other words, the bee repellent of the present invention, when used in combination with pesticides, can suppress bees from approaching the applied area and prevent them from being exterminated by direct or indirect contact with the pesticide. Furthermore, by incorporating the bee repellent of the present invention into traps or baits, it is possible to prevent bees from being attracted to and exterminated by the pest control agent without repelling the target pests. Furthermore, separate tests have confirmed that carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps do not repel the active ingredient of the present invention.

[0046] <Honeybee repellent effect confirmation test 2> In order to confirm that the bee repellents of the present invention, other than those used in the "Bee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 1" described above, exhibit a repellent effect on bees, the following tests were conducted. (1) Preparation of test specimens The test samples used in the examples were: 3-methyl-2-butanol (e-4), carvacrol (x-1), isoeugenol (x-2), cinnamyl alcohol (x-3), diacetone alcohol (x-4), α-amyl cinnamaldehyde (x-5), 3-methyl-2-butenal (x-6), valeraldehyde (x-7), ethyl cinnamate (x-8), methyl cinnamate (x-9), ethyl isovalerate (x-10), isoamyl formate (x-11), 0.1 w / v ethanol solutions of 5-ethyl-2-methylpyridine (x-12), 2-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine (x-13), 2,6-dimethylpyridine (x-14), β-ionone (x-15), 2-acetylthiazole (x-16), butylamine (x-17), and citronella oil (x-18), and a 0.1 w / v aqueous solution of (3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)dimethylsulfonium chloride (x-19) were used. For correction samples, only ethanol or only water was used. However, no repellent effect on honeybees was observed in these correction samples using only ethanol or water.

[0047] Similar to the "Honeybee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 1" described above, a feeding area was prepared using the test samples (20 samples) from the examples, and the corrected repellency rate R(%) was calculated using the same test method (5 mL of each test sample used, active ingredient amount: 5 mg) and evaluation method as in "Honeybee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 1". The corrected repellency rates R(%) for the test samples from the examples are summarized in Table 3 below.

[0048] [Table 3]

[0049] As shown in Table 3, the examples containing the active ingredient of the present invention demonstrated excellent bee repellent properties. While the test sample in "Bee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 1" had an active ingredient concentration of 2 w / v%, the test sample in "Bee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 2" was confirmed to have excellent repellent effect despite having an extremely low concentration of active ingredient, at 0.1 w / v%.

[0050] <Behavioral confirmation test of stink bugs in response to the active ingredient of the present invention 2> A stink bug behavior confirmation test was conducted based on the same test method (using 400 μL of each test sample) and evaluation method as described in "Stink Bug Behavior Confirmation Test 1 for the Active Ingredient of the Present Invention" above, assuming the use of the bee repellent of the present invention in combination with a pesticide. The test samples used were those from the "Honeybee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 2" described above. For correction samples, only ethanol or only water was used. However, no repellent effect against stink bugs was observed in these correction samples using only ethanol or water. The corrected repellency rate Z (%) for stink bugs in the test specimens, and for reference, the corrected repellency rate R (%) for honeybees mentioned above, are summarized in Table 4 below.

[0051] [Table 4]

[0052] As shown in Table 4, it was confirmed that stink bugs did not exhibit any repellent behavior towards the active ingredient of the present invention. These results confirm that the bee repellent of the present invention, when used in combination with pesticides that exterminate stink bugs and the like, exhibits a selective effect by suppressing bees from approaching the applied area without repelling the stink bugs and the like, thereby preventing bees from being exterminated by direct or indirect contact with the pesticide.

[0053] <Honeybee repellent effect confirmation test 3, stink bug behavior confirmation test 3> In order to confirm that the bee repellents of the present invention, other than those used in the "Bee Repellent Effect Confirmation Tests 1 and 2" described above, exhibit a repellent effect on bees, tests were conducted using the following test samples. Furthermore, using the same test samples, a stink bug behavior confirmation test was conducted, simulating the combined use of the bee repellent and pesticide of the present invention.

[0054] (1) Preparation of test specimens The test samples used in the examples were: 1-furfurylpyrrole (d-3), 2-methyl-1-propanol (isobutanol) (e-5), 3-methyl-1-butanol (e-6), 1-pentanol (e-7), 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol (e-8), borneol (y-1), anise alcohol (y-2), anisaldehyde (y-4), cinnamaldehyde (y-5), ethyl vanillin (y-6), vanillin (y-7), perillaldehyde (y-8), and trans-2-pentenal (y-10 ), propionaldehyde (y-11), n-octanal (y-12), trans-2-methyl-2-butenal (y-13), isovaleraldehyde (y-14), butyraldehyde (y-15), propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (y-16), ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (y-17), cinnamyl acetate (y-18), benzyl acetate (y-19), phenethyl acetate (y-20), isobutyl phenylacetate (y-21), 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (y-22), benzyl propionate (y-23), Menthyl acetate (y-26), Geranyl acetate (y-27), Geranyl formate (y-28), Terpinyl acetate (y-29), Citronellyl acetate (y-30), Geranyl tigrate (y-31), (-)-Menthyl succinate (y-32), Methyl anthranilate (y-33), Methyl N-methylanthranilate (y-34), Butyl butyrate (y-35), Butyl n-octanoate (y-36), Butyl laurate (y-37), Ethyl decanoate (y-38), Ethyl 10-undecenoate (y-39) , ethyl pentadecanoate (y-40), ethyl laurate (y-41), tert-butyl ethyl acetate (y-42), allyl cyclohexanepropionate (y-43), allyl phenylacetate (y-44), butyl acetate (y-46), allyl hexanoate (y-49), ethyl heptanoate (y-54), 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine (y-55), 2,3-diethylpyrazine (y-56), pyrazine (y-57), 2-methylpyrazine (y-58), 2-ethyl-3-methylpyrazine (y-59), 2,6-Dimethylpyrazine (y-60), γ-Undecalactone (y-63), γ-Butyrolactone (y-64), δ-Dodecalactone (y-65), δ-Undecanolactone (y-66), 2'-Acetonaphthone (y-67), 4-Methylacetophenone (y-68), Acetylacetone (y-70), α-Ionone (y-71), Stearic acid (y-74), 3,4-Dimethoxybenzoic acid (y-75), 3,5-Dimethoxybenzoic acid Acid (y-76), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (y-77), benzothiazole (y-78), isoquinoline (y-79), 6-methylquinoline (y-80), quinoline (y-81), 4-quinolinecarboxylic acid (y-82), 5-methylquinoxaline (y-83), 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline (y-84), 5-hydroxyquinoxaline (y-85), 1-methylnaphthalene (y-87), 2-naphthalenchiol (y-88) , 0.1 w / v ethanol solutions of 1,5-dimethylnaphthalene (y-89), pyrrolidine (y-91), 1-methylpyrrolidine (y-92), (S)-2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidine (y-93), ethyl maltol (y-95), and maltol propionate (y-96), and 0.1 w / v aqueous solutions of hexanoic acid (y-72) and butyric acid (y-73), methionol (y-3), and hydroxycitronellal (y -9) 2.0 w / v% ethanol solutions of ethyl phenyl (y-24), ethyl octanoate (y-48), isoamyl butyrate (y-51), isoamyl isovalerate (y-52), isoamyl acetate (y-53), 3-ethylpyridine (y-62), acetophenone (y-69), 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoxaline (y-86), 4-methoxystyrene (y-90), and butyl sulfide (y-94) were used. A 2.0 w / v aqueous solution of propionic acid (p-8) was used as the test sample for the comparative example. For correction samples, only ethanol or only water was used. However, these correction samples using only ethanol or water did not show any repellent effect against honeybees or stink bugs.

[0055] Similar to the "Bee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 1" described above, a feeding area was prepared using the test samples from the examples (96 samples) and the test sample from the comparative example (1 sample), and the corrected repellency rate R(%) was calculated using the same test method (5 mL of each test sample) and evaluation method as in "Bee Repellent Effect Confirmation Test 1". Furthermore, using the test samples from the examples (96 samples) and the comparative example (1 sample), the same test method (using 400 μL of each test sample) and evaluation method as described in "Test 1 for Confirming the Behavior of Stink Bugs in Response to the Active Ingredient of the Invention" were used. The corrected bee repellency rates R(%) for the test specimens in the examples and comparative examples are summarized in Table 5 below. Furthermore, the corrected repellency rate Z(%) for stink bugs is shown in Table 5 below, with "○" indicating "<0" and "×" indicating "not <0".

[0056] [Table 5]

[0057] As shown in Table 5, the examples containing the active ingredient of the present invention demonstrated excellent bee repellent properties. Among the above, 1-pentanol (e-7), borneol (y-1), cinnamaldehyde (y-5), vanillin (y-7), trans-2-pentenal (y-10), isovaleraldehyde (y-14), ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (y-17), cinnamyl acetate (y-18), phenethyl acetate (y-20), geranyl acetate (y-27), geranyl formate (y-28), methyl anthranilate (y-33), ethyl 10-undecenoate (y-39), ethyl laurate (y-41), allyl cyclohexanepropionate (y-43), allyl phenylacetate (y-44), isoamyl butyrate (y-51), pi Radin (y-57), γ-undecalactone (y-63), δ-dodecalactone (y-65), δ-undecanolactone (y-66), 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid (y-75), isoquinoline (y-79), quinoline (y-81), 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline (y-84), 5-hydroxyquinoxaline (y-85), 1-methylnaphthalene (y-87), and maltol propionate (y-96) have been shown to exhibit excellent practical bee repellent effects (repellent rate of 50% or more) and do not repellent stink bugs, which are the target pests to be eradicated, demonstrating extremely superior effectiveness as active ingredients of the present invention. These results confirm that the bee repellent of the present invention, when used in combination with pesticides that exterminate stink bugs and the like, exhibits a selective effect by suppressing bees from approaching the applied area without repelling the stink bugs and the like, thereby preventing bees from being exterminated by direct or indirect contact with the pesticide.

[0058] <Test 1 to confirm the efficacy of combined use with pesticides> Assuming a scenario in which the bee repellent of the present invention is used in combination with a pesticide, tests were conducted using the following test samples to confirm the effects of the pesticide on bees and stink bugs, which are the target of extermination. (1) Preparation of test specimens In this invention, cinnamyl alcohol was used as the active ingredient in the bee repellent, and dinotefuran was used as the pesticide. As a test sample using the bee repellent of the present invention in combination with a pesticide, a mixed ethanol solution containing cinnamyl alcohol and dinotefuran (0.1 w / v% cinnamyl alcohol, 0.01 w / v% dinotefuran) was used. A 0.01 w / v ethanol solution of dinotefuran was used as the test sample for pesticides only. (2) Preparation of feeding and watering areas Two pieces of absorbent cotton (80mm x 170mm) were placed on the lid of a KP cup (150mm in diameter), and these pieces of absorbent cotton were soaked in 40% sugar water (80g). Two disposable chopsticks (80mm in length) were placed on top of this cotton to serve as a "scaffold," creating "feeding area A for the test insects (honeybees, stink bugs)." Furthermore, instead of the 40% sugar water (80g) used in feeding area A, a solution of water (80g) soaked in sugar was designated as the "watering area." "Feeding area B for test insects (honeybees, stink bugs)" was created by uniformly spraying 5 mL of a 0.01 w / v% ethanol solution of dinotefuran (containing 0.5 mg of dinotefuran) onto cotton wool from "Feeding area A for test insects (honeybees, stink bugs)". "Feeding area A for test insects (honeybees, stink bugs)" was uniformly sprayed with 5 mL of a mixed ethanol solution containing cinnamyl alcohol and dinotefuran (0.1 w / v% cinnamyl alcohol, 0.01 w / v% dinotefuran) (containing 5 mg of cinnamyl alcohol and 0.5 mg of dinotefuran) onto cotton wool, which was designated as "Feeding area C for test insects (honeybees, stink bugs)".

[0059] (3) Test method Three spaces (80cm x 80cm x 80cm, 25℃) covered with nylon gauze were designated as "untreated area" with a water source and feeding area A, "test area 1" with a water source, feeding area A and feeding area B, and "test area 2" with a water source, feeding area A and feeding area C. Fifty honeybees (Western honeybees) and ten stink bugs (Southern green stink bugs) were released into each of the "untreated area," "test area 1," and "test area 2." The lethal numbers of honeybees and stink bugs were recorded at the start of the experiment, and at 3, 18, and 20 hours after the start of the experiment. The results for honeybees are shown in Table 6 below, and the results for stink bugs are shown in Table 7 below.

[0060] [Table 6] [Table 7]

[0061] As shown in Table 6, in test plot 1, which used only the pesticide dinotefuran, approximately 40% of the bees died 20 hours after the start of the test. However, in test plot 2, which used cinnamyl alcohol, the active ingredient of the bee repellent of the present invention, in combination with the pesticide dinotefuran, the number of bee deaths 20 hours after the start of the test was the same as the number of deaths in the untreated plot, indicating that these were natural deaths. These results demonstrate that the active ingredient in the bee repellent of the present invention, when used in combination with pesticides, effectively prevents bees from being killed by the pesticides. On the other hand, as shown in Table 7, it was confirmed that there was no difference in the number of lethal stink bugs between test plot 1, which used only the pesticide dinotefuran, and test plot 2, which used both cinnamyl alcohol, the active ingredient of the bee repellent of the present invention, and the pesticide dinotefuran. These results demonstrate that the active ingredient in the bee repellent of the present invention does not repel stink bugs, which are the target of extermination, and can exterminate stink bugs and other pests in the same way as when pesticides are used alone.

[0062] <Test 2 to confirm the efficacy of combined use with pesticides> To confirm the effects of pesticides on honeybees and stink bugs, which are the target of control, in combinations different from those described in "Test 1 for Confirmation of Efficacy in Combined Use with Pesticides" above, the following test samples were used. (1) Preparation of test specimens In this invention, carvacrol was used as the active ingredient in the bee repellent, and clothianidin or fipronil was used as the pesticide. As test samples for the combined use of the bee repellent of the present invention and a pesticide, a mixed ethanol solution containing carvacrol and clothianidin (0.1 w / v% carvacrol, 0.01 w / v% clothianidin) or a mixed ethanol solution containing carvacrol and fipronil (0.1 w / v% carvacrol, 0.01 w / v% fipronil) was used. For the pesticide-only test samples, a 0.01 w / v ethanol solution of clothianidin or a 0.01 w / v ethanol solution of fipronil was used.

[0063] Similar to the "Test 1 for Confirmation of Efficacy in Combined Use with Pesticides" described above, the lethal number of 50 honeybees (Western honeybees) and 10 stink bugs (Southern green stink bugs) was recorded in each of the "untreated area," "test area 1," and "test area 2." Based on the results of the "Test 1 for Confirmation of Efficacy in Combined Use with Pesticides" described above, the test was terminated when the lethal number of honeybees in "test area 1" reached approximately half of the number of test bees. Table 8 below shows the results for honeybees when clothianidin was used as a pesticide, and Table 9 below shows the results for honeybees when fipronil was used.

[0064] [Table 8] [Table 9]

[0065] As shown in Tables 8 and 9, in the combination of carvacrol, the active ingredient of the bee repellent of the present invention, and the pesticide clothianidin or fipronil, similar to the combination of cinnamyl alcohol and dinotefuran in the "Test 1 for Confirmation of Combined Effect with Pesticides" described above, in Test Group 1, where only the pesticide was used, approximately 60% of the bees died 3 hours after the start of the test. However, in Test Group 2, where the active ingredient of the bee repellent of the present invention was used in combination with the pesticide, the number of bee deaths was about the same as in the untreated group, meaning that the deaths were considered to be natural deaths. These results clearly demonstrate that the active ingredient in the bee repellent of the present invention, when used in combination with pesticides, effectively prevents bees from being killed by the pesticides. Furthermore, in the case of the combination of carvacrol, the active ingredient of the bee repellent of the present invention, and the pesticide clothianidin or fipronil, it was confirmed that there was no difference in the number of lethal stink bugs between test plot 1, which used only the pesticide, and test plot 2, which used the active ingredient of the bee repellent of the present invention in combination with the pesticide, similar to the combination of cinnamyl alcohol and dinotefuran in the "Test 1 for Confirmation of Combined Effect with Pesticides" described above. These results clearly demonstrate that the active ingredient in the bee repellent of the present invention does not repel stink bugs, which are the target of extermination, and can exterminate stink bugs and other pests in the same way as when pesticides are used alone. [Industrial applicability]

[0066] The bee repellent of the present invention exhibits a repellent effect against bees. By incorporating it into pest control agents such as traps and baits used to exterminate carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps, it is possible to prevent bees from being attracted to and exterminated by the pest control agent, thereby easily achieving the effect of exterminating carnivorous wasps such as hornets and paper wasps. Furthermore, the bee repellent of the present invention is useful because, when used in combination with pesticides applied to crops, it suppresses bees from approaching the treated crops and prevents damage caused by bees being exterminated through direct or indirect contact with the pesticides. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0067] 10: Feeding area 11: KP Cup Lid 12: Cut 13: Cotton wool 14: KP Cup 15: Disposable chopsticks (scaffolding)

Claims

1. A bee repellent comprising one or more active ingredients selected from tetradecane, furfuryl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, and citronella oil.

2. A method for repelling honeybees, using one or more components selected from tetradecane, furfuryl alcohol, cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde, 3-methyl-2-butenal, methyl cinnamate, geranyl formate, allyl cyclohexanepropionate, isoquinoline, borneol, carvacrol, δ-dodecalactone, β-ionone, quinoline, butylamine, and citronella oil as active ingredients.

3. A bee repellent containing one or more ingredients selected from (a) to (e) below as active ingredients: (a) Straight-chain alkanes with 6 to 19 carbon atoms (b) Furan compounds (c) Furanone compounds having unsaturated bonds (d) Pyrrole compounds with 6 or more carbon atoms (e) Aliphatic alcohols.

4. A method of repelling honeybees using one or more ingredients selected from (a) to (e) below as active ingredients: (a) Straight-chain alkanes with 6 to 19 carbon atoms (b) Furan compounds (c) Furanone compounds having unsaturated bonds (d) Pyrrole compounds with 6 or more carbon atoms (e) Aliphatic alcohols.

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