Fall prevention facilities and fall prevention work

Abstract

To provide fall prevention facilities and fall prevention works that reduce the need to drive anchors on the lower slope of an object, or to drive anchors into the object itself. [Solution] A fall prevention facility for preventing an object R from falling or rolling on a slope S, comprising: an anchor device 13 driven into the slope above the object R; and a wire rope 111 arranged to extend at least below and on both sides of the slope of the object R, with both ends connected to the anchor device 13 directly or via other members.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a fall prevention facility and a fall prevention work for preventing an object on a slope from falling or rolling.

Background Art

[0002] As a rockfall prevention work for preventing a rock mass on a slope from falling or rolling, a rope hanging work for fixing the rock mass by hanging a wire rope from above the rock mass is used. Patent Documents 1-3 disclose techniques related to such rockfall prevention work.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

Patent Document 3

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] Conventional rockfall prevention work, as shown in Cited Documents 1-3, has differences such as connecting wire ropes to each other to form a net or not, but in any case, it is necessary to drive many anchors around the rock mass or drive a plurality of anchors into the rock mass. The work of driving an anchor around the rock mass (especially on the lower side of the slope) or driving an anchor into the rock mass has a risk of being involved in the rock mass in case the rock mass falls, and is a dangerous work. Therefore, a construction method that can reduce the driving of anchors on the lower side of the slope of the rock mass and the driving of anchors into the rock mass is desired.

[0005] In view of the above, the present invention relates to fall prevention facilities and fall prevention works for preventing objects from falling or rolling on a slope, and aims to provide fall prevention facilities and fall prevention works that can reduce the amount of anchoring required on the lower side of the slope of the object, or the amount of anchoring required on the object. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] (Composition 1) A fall prevention facility for preventing an object from falling or rolling on a slope, comprising: an anchor device driven into the slope above the object; and a wire rope arranged to extend at least below and on both sides of the object on the slope, the wire rope having both ends connected directly or via other members to the anchor device.

[0007] (Configuration 2) The fall prevention facility according to configuration 1, wherein a ring-shaped holding member is formed by connecting members that connect the portions of the wire rope extending upward toward the slope on both sides, and a suspension member is provided to connect and suspend the ring-shaped holding member and the anchor device.

[0008] (Composition 3) The fall prevention facility according to configuration 2, wherein the connecting member is made of the wire rope itself.

[0009] (Composition 4) The fall prevention facility according to configuration 2 or 3, wherein the suspension member is composed of the wire rope itself.

[0010] (Composition 5) A fall prevention facility according to any of configurations 1 to 4, wherein multiple wire ropes are installed in the vertical direction.

[0011] (Composition 6) The fall prevention facility according to configuration 5, having spacing-holding members that maintain the spacing between a plurality of wire ropes.

[0012] (Composition 7) The fall prevention facility according to Configuration 6, wherein the spacing retaining member is constituted by a wire netting.

[0013] (Configuration 8) A fall prevention work for preventing the fall or rolling of an object on an inclined surface, comprising the steps of driving an anchor device above the inclined surface of the object, and arranging a wire rope so as to cover at least the lower side and both side portions of the object on the inclined surface, and connecting the wire rope directly or via another member to the anchor device.

[0014] (Configuration 9) The fall prevention work according to Configuration 8, comprising the steps of providing an annular retaining member by connecting the portions of the wire rope extending upward on the upper side of the inclined surface of both side portions, and connecting between the annular retaining member and the anchor device by a hanging lower member.

[0015] (Configuration 10) The fall prevention work according to Configuration 8 or 9, comprising the step of installing a plurality of the wire ropes in the vertical direction.

[0016] (Configuration 11) The fall prevention work according to Configuration 10, comprising the step of attaching a spacing retaining member for retaining the spacing between a plurality of the wire ropes. [Advantages of the Invention]

[0017] According to the present invention, in a fall prevention facility and a fall prevention work for preventing the fall or rolling of an object on an inclined surface, it is possible to reduce the driving of an anchor on the lower side of the inclined surface of the object and the driving of an anchor for the object. [Brief Description of the Drawings]

[0018] [Figure 1] Schematic view showing a fall prevention facility according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention [Figure 2] View showing a connecting member of Embodiment 1 [Figure 3]Schematic diagram showing the fall prevention facility of Embodiment 2 [Figure 4] Schematic diagram showing another example of the fall prevention facility [Figure 5] Schematic diagram showing another example of the fall prevention facility

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0019] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are one form when embodying the present invention, and do not limit the present invention within its scope.

[0020] <Embodiment 1> FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the concept of the fall prevention facility of Embodiment 1 according to the present invention, FIG. 1(a) is a top view, and FIG. 1(b) is a side view. The upper side in FIG. 1(a) is the upper side of the slope, and the lower side is the lower side of the slope. The fall prevention facility 1 of the present embodiment is for preventing (prevention) the fall or rolling of the rock mass (object) R on the slope S. As shown in FIG. 1, a wire rope 111 arranged so as to cover the lower side and both side portions of the slope S of the rock mass R, and a connecting member 112 that connects the portions of the wire rope 111 that extend toward the upper side of the slope on both side portions of the rock mass R, an annular holding member 11 including; an anchor device 13 placed above the slope than the rock mass R; a suspension member 12 that connects and suspends between the annular holding member 11 and the anchor device 13; and is provided with. Note that both side portions of the rock mass R are both sides of the rock mass R in the direction (left - right direction in FIG. 1(a)) orthogonal to both the vertical direction along the slope S (vertical direction in FIG. 1(a)) and the direction perpendicular to the slope S (direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 1(a)).

[0021] The wire rope 111 is wrapped around the rock mass R so as to extend across the lower and both sides of the slope S of the rock mass R (positioned on a plane roughly parallel to the slope S) so that the rock mass R can be held suspended from the upper side of the slope. Both ends of the wire rope 111 are eye-spliced, and the wire rope 111, around which the rock mass R is wound, is connected to the connecting member 112 by the eye-spliced ​​portions at both ends. This forms an annular annular holding member 11. In other words, the arrangement is such that the rock mass R is captured within the annular shape. Regarding the wire rope itself, any wire rope with the necessary strength can be used, and a detailed explanation of the wire rope itself will be omitted here.

[0022] The suspension member 12 in this embodiment is made of a wire rope similar to the wire rope 111, and its lower end is eye-spliced ​​and connected to the connecting member 112. The upper end is connected to the anchor device 13, and appropriate terminal processing is performed for connection to the anchor device depending on the type of anchor device (in this embodiment, a wrap-around grip is used to connect to the anchor device 13).

[0023] Figure 2 shows the connecting member 112 of this embodiment, where Figure 2(a) is a top view and Figure 2(b) is a side view. The connecting member 112 consists of two flat connecting plates 1121 and two sets of bolts 1122 and nuts 1123 positioned above and below each other. The connecting member 112 connects the suspension member 12 and the wire rope 111 by passing the eye-shaped portion at the lower end of the suspension member 12 through the upper bolt 1122, and passing the eye-shaped portions at both ends of the wire rope 111 through the lower bolt 1122. It should be noted that the configuration of the connecting member in the present invention is not limited to this, and any structure that has the necessary strength and can form a ring around the wire rope 111 can be used as the connecting member. Furthermore, although the connecting member in this invention is given as an example having both the function of forming a ring around the wire rope 111 (constituting a ring-holding member) and the function of connecting this ring-holding member 11 to the suspension member 12, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, separate members having each function individually may be used.

[0024] The anchor device 13 is installed above the rock mass R on the slope and is connected to the suspension member 12, which is connected to the annular holding member 11, and is a member that holds them in place. The anchor device 13 can use any anchor that is suitable for the properties of the slope to which it is to be driven and can exert the required strength (it may also be an anchor device that uses multiple anchors, etc.), and a detailed explanation of the anchor device itself is omitted here.

[0025] The construction method for constructing the fall prevention facility 1 of this embodiment is: The steps include: installing the anchor device 13 above the slope relative to the rock mass (object) R, The steps include: arranging the wire rope 111 so that it extends across the lower and both sides of the slope of the rock mass R; The step of forming an annular holding member 11 by connecting the portions of the wire rope 111 that extend upward towards the slope on both sides of the rock mass R with the connecting member 112, The suspension member 12 connects the annular holding member 11 and the anchor device 13 (corresponding to the "step of connecting the wire rope directly or via another member to the anchor device"), The method includes the step of installing multiple wire ropes 111, which have the same configuration as described above, in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the step of forming the annular retaining member 11 (the step of arranging the wire rope 111 as a prerequisite) and the step of driving in the anchor device 13 may be performed in any order.

[0026] According to the fall prevention facility 1 of this embodiment, a suspension point is set up on the mountain side of the object using a wire rope, and this is connected to an anchor installed safely above, thereby enabling the construction of the fall prevention facility. In other words, as can be understood from the above explanation, it is possible to eliminate the need to drive anchors on the lower side of the slope of the rock mass (object) R, or to drive anchors into the rock mass R, and thus the fall prevention facility can be constructed with safer work.

[0027] <Embodiment 2> Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the concept of a fall prevention facility according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, where Figure 3(a) is a top view and Figure 3(b) is a side view. The fall prevention facility 1' of this embodiment is for preventing the fall or rolling of a rock mass (object) R on a slope S, similar to Embodiment 1. Concepts similar to those in Embodiment 1 are referred to by the same reference numerals as in Embodiment 1, and their explanation here is omitted or simplified.

[0028] The fall prevention facility 1' of this embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 in that it has five sets of annular holding members 11, suspension members 12, and anchor devices 13, each of which is offset in the width direction, and it is equipped with wire mesh 14, horizontal ropes 15, and anchors 16. The concepts of each set of annular holding members 11, suspension members 12, and anchor devices 13 are the same as in Embodiment 1, and their explanation is omitted here (in Figure 3, not all components are labeled with reference numerals for the sake of clarity).

[0029] The wire mesh 14 is installed to cover the rock mass (object) R from above and is secured by horizontal ropes (wire ropes) 15, which are fixed at both ends by anchors 16. This provides the function of holding down the rock mass (object) R. Furthermore, the wire mesh 14 is fastened to each wire rope 111 by fastening coils (not shown). In this way, the wire mesh 14 functions as a "spacing material that maintains the spacing between multiple wire ropes." Regarding the wire mesh 14, any wire mesh with the necessary strength can be used, and a detailed explanation of the wire mesh itself is omitted here. Similarly, regarding the wire rope used in the horizontal rope 15 and the anchor used in the anchor 16 for securing it, any wire rope and anchor with the necessary strength can be used, and a detailed explanation of these is omitted here.

[0030] The construction method for constructing the fall prevention facility 1' of this embodiment is: The steps include: installing the wire mesh 14 so as to cover the rock mass (object) R, The steps include: installing the anchor device 13 above the rock mass R on the slope, The steps include: arranging a wire rope 111 over the wire mesh 14 so that it extends across the lower and both sides of the slope of the rock mass R; The step of forming an annular holding member 11 by connecting the portions of the wire rope 111 that extend upward towards the slope on both sides of the rock mass R with the connecting member 112, The steps include connecting the annular holding member 11 and the anchor device 13 with the suspension member 12, The steps include fastening the wire rope 111 and the wire mesh 14 with a fastening coil (or connecting coil) (corresponding to the "step of attaching spacing-holding material to maintain the spacing of the wire ropes"), The steps include installing multiple wire ropes 111 with the same configuration as described above in the vertical direction (and fastening them to the wire mesh 14 with fastening coils), The system includes a step of hanging a horizontal rope 15 across the width of the wire mesh 14 and securing both ends of the rope with anchors 16. Note that the steps of forming the annular holding member 11 (the step of arranging the wire rope 111 as a prerequisite), installing the anchor device 13, and installing the wire mesh 14 (the step of installing the horizontal rope 15 and anchor 16 for that purpose) may be performed in any order (in this embodiment, the wire rope 111 is provided on top of the wire mesh 14 as an example, but the wire mesh 14 may be provided on top of the wire rope 111 and the two may be fastened together with a fastening coil or the like). Furthermore, the anchor device 13 may be connected to multiple suspension members 12, etc. (as long as it can ensure the strength required by the specifications).

[0031] According to the fall prevention facility 1' of this embodiment, similar to Embodiment 1, it is possible to eliminate the need to drive anchors on the lower slope side of the rock mass (object) R, or to drive anchors into the rock mass R, thereby enabling the construction of the fall prevention facility with safer work. Furthermore, by providing the wire mesh 14 (spacing material), the holding force of the rock mass (object) R can be made more reliable.

[0032] In this embodiment, the fastening of the wire rope 111 and the wire mesh 14 is shown as being performed by a fastening coil, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the two may be attached by arranging the wire rope so that it passes through the mesh of the wire mesh. Furthermore, although this embodiment uses a wire mesh as a spacing material to maintain the spacing between wire ropes as an example, the present invention is not limited to this. The spacing material may be any member that can maintain the spacing between wire ropes, for example, it may be a fitting attached between wire ropes that constitutes the spacing material. Furthermore, in this embodiment, two sets of horizontal ropes 15 (and anchors 16) are used as members for fixing the wire mesh 14, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the number of horizontal ropes (and anchors) may be increased or decreased, or the wire mesh 14 may be fixed directly by multiple anchors without using horizontal ropes (however, if the only function is to maintain the spacing between wire ropes, it is not necessary to fix the spacing-maintaining material (wire mesh, etc.) to the ground surface using anchors, etc.).

[0033] In each embodiment, rock fragments are used as an example of the object to be prevented from falling or rolling, but the present invention is not limited to this. The fall prevention facility according to the present invention can be used for any object that is in danger of falling or rolling on a slope (and needs to be prevented from doing so), such as fallen trees.

[0034] In each embodiment, an example is given in which an anchor device 13 is provided individually for each suspension member 12, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, multiple suspension members may be connected to one anchor device, or a suspension member may be connected to multiple anchor devices, etc. (as long as the strength required by the specifications can be ensured). Figure 4 shows examples of the fall prevention facility 1' of Embodiment 2 with variations in the number and position of anchor devices 13. Figure 4(a) shows an example where each suspension member 12 is connected to a single anchor device 13. When a high-strength anchor device can be used as the anchor device 13, or when the load of the falling or rolling of the rock mass (object) R is small, and one anchor can sufficiently support the load, the number of anchors can be further reduced. Figure 4(b) shows an example where the placement of each anchor device 13 is spread out in the width direction. According to the fall prevention facility of the embodiment, it is also possible to set the placement of each anchor device 13 at a position offset in the width direction from the position directly above the rock mass (object) R. In actual sloping ground, there are suitable and unsuitable places for anchor placement, so having flexibility in the placement of anchors is a great advantage. When offsetting in the width direction, it is desirable to position the anchors so that the width-direction offset component is balanced on both sides (so that the load is balanced on both sides). (As long as the load is balanced on both sides, the number of anchors offset on the left and right sides may differ, for example, one anchor offset to the left and four anchors offset to the right.) Figure 4(b) shows an example where the anchor installation position is moved in the width direction, but of course, the anchor installation position can also be moved in the vertical direction. In conventional rope installation methods, anchors are generally required for each wire rope both above and below it in a straight line (within the range of rock formations, such as directly above a rock formation), resulting in limited flexibility in selecting the number and location of anchors. In contrast, the fall prevention facility of the embodiment, as can be seen from Figure 4, offers a high degree of freedom in selecting the number and location of anchors, making it extremely useful.

[0035] In each embodiment, the suspension member 12 is shown as a wire rope, but the present invention is not limited to this, and any member that can connect the annular holding member and the anchor device (for example, a plate-shaped member or a rod-shaped member) can be used.

[0036] In each embodiment, the suspension member 12 connecting the annular holding member 11 and the anchor device 13 is provided as a separate component from the annular holding member, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, one end of the wire rope 111 may be connected to the connecting member 112 in the same manner as in the embodiment, while the other end may be extended upwards by being hooked onto the bolt 1122 of the connecting member 112, and the other end of this wire rope 111 may be connected to the anchor device 13. In this case, "the suspension member is made up of the wire rope itself."

[0037] In each embodiment, an example is given in which a connecting member 112, which is a separate member from the wire rope 111, is used in the annular holding member 11, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the ring-shaped retaining member may be formed by passing the wire rope 111 itself through the eye-shaped portion at one end of the wire rope 111 (creating a "lasso-like" configuration). In this case, "the connecting member is made of the wire rope itself." Similar to this "lasso" configuration, the joint between the wire ropes may be made slidable, and the size of the ring in the ring portion may be adjusted to facilitate engagement with the rock mass (object).

[0038] In each embodiment, examples are given of multiple wire ropes arranged vertically, but if the necessary holding force can be obtained, only one wire rope may be provided.

[0039] In each embodiment, an example is given in which a ring-shaped wire rope is used to form the ring-holding member, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in Figure 5, the ends of the U-shaped wire rope 111 may be connected to the anchor device 13 by a wire rope that is positioned to extend across the lower and both sides of the slope of the object (this connection may be made by directly connecting both ends of the wire rope to the anchor device, or by connecting to the anchor device via other members). In addition, in the example of Figure 5, both ends of the wire rope 111 may be connected to a single anchor device. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0040] 1... Fall prevention facilities 11...Annular retaining member 111...Wire rope 112...Connecting member 12...Suspension member 13... Anchor device 14...Wire mesh (spacing material) R...Rock mass (object)

Claims

1. A fall prevention facility for preventing objects from falling or rolling on a slope, An anchor device driven into the ground above the slope of the aforementioned object, A fall prevention facility comprising a wire rope, which is arranged to extend at least to the lower side and both sides of the slope of the object, and which has both ends connected to the anchor device directly or via other members.

2. The annular holding member is formed by connecting members that connect the portions of the wire rope that extend toward the upward slope on both sides. The fall prevention facility according to claim 1, further comprising a suspension member that connects and suspends the annular holding member and the anchor device.

3. The fall prevention facility according to claim 2, wherein the connecting member is made of the wire rope itself.

4. The fall prevention facility according to claim 2, wherein the suspension member is composed of the wire rope itself.

5. The fall prevention facility according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of the wire ropes are installed in the vertical direction.

6. The fall prevention facility according to claim 5, further comprising a spacing member that maintains the spacing between a plurality of wire ropes.

7. The fall prevention facility according to claim 6, wherein the spacing material is made of wire mesh.

8. A fall prevention device for preventing objects from falling or rolling on a slope, The steps include: installing an anchor device on a slope above the aforementioned object; A fall prevention method comprising the step of arranging a wire rope so as to extend at least to the lower side and both sides of the slope of the object, and connecting the wire rope directly or via other members to the anchor device.

9. The step of providing an annular retaining member by connecting the portions of the wire rope that extend toward the upward slope on both sides, The fall prevention method according to claim 8, further comprising the step of connecting the annular holding member and the anchor device with a suspension member.

10. The fall prevention method according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising the step of installing a plurality of wire ropes in the vertical direction.

11. The fall prevention method according to claim 10, further comprising the step of attaching spacing-holding members that maintain the spacing between a plurality of wire ropes.

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