earth retaining structure

Abstract

This invention provides an earth retaining structure that enhances strength against earth pressure and self-weight, while maintaining work efficiency by securing an internal space that can be effectively utilized with a minimum amount of excavation. [Solution] The earth retaining structure has one or more layers of structures arranged along the hole axis, and the structure has multiple earth retaining panels arranged so as to be a hollow rectangular shape when viewed in the direction of the hole axis, the structure has multiple support parts that support the multiple earth retaining panels from the inner circumference of the structure, the earth retaining panel has vertical beams to which the multiple support parts are attached, the vertical beams are provided inside surrounded by a skin plate, an upper main girder and a lower main girder, and a pair of joint plates, and extend to support the upper main girder and the lower main girder, the multiple support parts are provided at the corners of the structure and are attached to the vertical beams of the multiple earth retaining panels that constitute two adjacent sides of the structure, and extend diagonally to the two adjacent sides of the structure when viewed in the direction of the hole axis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a retaining structure using a retaining panel that constitutes a wall surface of a hollow structure constructed underground, for example.

Background Art

[0002] Conventionally, a hollow retaining structure constructed by assembling retaining panels in an excavation hole formed by excavating the ground is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The retaining structure is constructed by stacking a plurality of retaining panels arranged in a ring shape along the wall surface of the excavation hole in the axial direction of the hole. The retaining panels constituting the retaining structure are used, for example, to block the ground and are used for a shaft for constructing the foundation of the structure, a sump well constructed underground, or a retaining wall on a slope.

[0003] As the depth of the excavation hole increases in the retaining structure, the earth pressure from the ground side increases, and the retaining panels alone may not have sufficient rigidity. Also, regardless of the depth, the earth pressure may be large depending on soil conditions and the like. Further, as the depth in the axial direction of the hole increases, the weight of the structure arranged above acts on the structure arranged below. In order to increase the strength against this earth pressure and self-weight, it is conceivable to increase the wall thickness of the structure. In this case, however, the internal space of the retaining structure becomes small, and there is a risk that the structure and the internal structure constructed inside the retaining structure may interfere with each other.

[0004] In the retaining structure of Patent Document 1, a plurality of retaining panels are arranged so that the vertical beams provided on the retaining panels face each other in the circumferential direction of the excavation hole, and the vertical beams facing each other in the circumferential direction of the excavation hole are connected by cross beams to increase the strength against earth pressure and self-weight. In the retaining structure of Patent Document 1, the cross beam extending between the opposing vertical beams is extended so as to span between the opposing walls of the excavation hole. That is, in the case of a rectangular retaining structure, the cross beam is provided so as to span between the walls of the structures constituting the opposing sides in plan view.

[0005] The earth retaining structure described in Patent Document 1 allows for a reduction in the wall thickness of the structure by having bracing, but in some cases, the bracing spanning between opposing walls of the structure may be located near the center of the excavation hole when viewed in the direction of the hole axis. Alternatively, in order to ensure strength, the earth retaining structure described in Patent Document 1 may have multiple bracing spans spanning between opposing walls of the structure when viewed in the direction of the hole axis. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0006] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2024-42759 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] In the earth retaining structure described in Patent Document 1, the bracing is installed so that it spans between opposing walls of the structure, whether it is located near the center or multiple bracing members are provided. Therefore, in the earth retaining structure described in Patent Document 1, the usable internal space is reduced or the range of the internal space is limited due to the presence of the bracing, which may reduce workability depending on the size or structure of the internal structure built inside the earth retaining structure. It is desirable for earth retaining structures to have increased strength against earth pressure and self-weight, while maintaining workability by securing an effectively usable internal space.

[0008] This disclosure aims to solve the above-mentioned problems and provides an earth retaining structure that increases strength against earth pressure and self-weight, while maintaining workability by securing an internal space that can be effectively utilized with a minimum amount of excavation. [Means for solving the problem]

[0009] The earth retaining structure according to this disclosure is an earth retaining structure constructed by arranging one or more cylindrical structures along the axis of the hole in an excavation hole formed by excavating the ground, wherein the one or more structures comprises a plurality of earth retaining panels that constitute the wall surface of the one or more structures, and the plurality of earth retaining panels are arranged so as to form a hollow rectangular shape when viewed in the direction of the axis of the hole, and each of the plurality of earth retaining panels has a plate-shaped skin plate facing the wall surface of the excavation hole, a flat plate-shaped upper main girder provided at the upper end of the skin plate and forming the upper surface, a flat plate-shaped lower main girder provided at the lower end of the skin plate and forming the lower surface, and a pair of joint plates provided at both the left and right ends of the skin plate and forming the left and right sides, and the one or more structures The structure has multiple support parts that support multiple retaining panels from the inner circumference of one or more layers, and of the multiple retaining panels, two or more panels have one or more vertical beams to which the multiple support parts are attached, and one or more vertical beams are provided inside the retaining panel surrounded by a skin plate, an upper main girder and a lower main girder, and a pair of joint plates, and extend vertically to support the upper main girder and the lower main girder, and each of the multiple support parts is provided at the corner of the rectangular structure of one or more layers and is attached to one or more vertical beams of the multiple retaining panels that constitute two adjacent sides of the structure of one or more layers, and extends diagonally with respect to two adjacent sides of the structure of one or more layers when viewed in the direction of the hole axis. [Effects of the Invention]

[0010] According to this disclosure, the earth retaining structure can maintain workability by increasing its strength against earth pressure and its own weight, while also securing an internal space that can be effectively utilized with a minimum amount of excavation. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0011] [Figure 1] This is a schematic front view showing the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 2] This is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a part of the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 3]Figure 2 is a perspective view of the earth retaining structure, with the support structure omitted in order to explain the interior of the earth retaining structure. [Figure 4] This is a schematic plan view showing the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 5] This is a schematic plan view showing another example of the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 6] This is a perspective view from the inside of an example of a retaining wall panel according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 7] This is a perspective view from the inside of another example of the earth retaining panel according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 8] Figure 7 is a plan view of the earth retaining panel. [Figure 9] Figure 7 is a front view of the retaining wall panel as seen from the inside. [Figure 10] Figure 7 is a side view of the earth retaining panel as seen from the circumferential direction. [Figure 11] Figure 7 is a plan view of section B of the retaining wall panel, and is a conceptual diagram showing the internal structure. [Figure 12] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the retaining wall panel along line CC, taken in the direction of the arrow. [Figure 13] This is a plan view showing various shapes of other earth retaining panels used in the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 14] This is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a support part used in the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 15] This is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the state in which the earth retaining panel according to Embodiment 1 is arranged in the hole axis direction (second direction Z) of the excavated hole. [Figure 16] This is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the state in which a support part is installed on the earth retaining panel of the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 17] This is a schematic diagram showing an example of a longitudinal beam in an earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 18] This is a schematic diagram showing an example of an end face portion in the support portion according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 19]It is a schematic diagram showing an example of a fixing member used for fixing a vertical beam and a support portion in the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 20] It is a schematic diagram showing another example of the end face portion in the support portion according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 21] It is a plan view schematically showing another example of the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 22] It is an explanatory diagram schematically showing an example of the construction method of the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 1. [Figure 23] It is a perspective view schematically showing an example of a support portion used for the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 2. [Figure 24] It is a perspective view schematically showing an example of the support main body portion of the support portion shown in Fig. 23. [Figure 25] It is a perspective view schematically showing an example of the bracket portion of the support portion shown in Fig. 23. [Figure 26] It is a schematic diagram showing an example of a connecting member used for fixing the support main body portion and the bracket portion in the support portion of the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 2. [Figure 27] It is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a state where a support portion is installed on an earth retaining panel of the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 2. [Figure 28] It is a perspective view schematically showing an example of a part of the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 2. [Figure 29] It is a plan view schematically showing the earth retaining structure according to Embodiment 2.

Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0012] The earth-retaining structure according to the embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that in the following drawings, including Figure 1, the relative dimensions and shapes of each component may differ from those of the actual components. Also, in the following drawings, components with the same reference numerals are the same or equivalent, and this is consistent throughout the entire specification. In addition, terms indicating direction (e.g., up, down, left, right, front, back, front and back, etc.) will be used as appropriate to facilitate understanding, but these notations are for the convenience of explanation and do not limit the arrangement, direction, and orientation of devices, equipment, or parts.

[0013] Embodiment 1. [Earth retaining structure 200] Figure 1 is a schematic front view of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1. Figure 2 is a schematic perspective view of a part of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1. Figure 3 is a perspective view of the earth retaining structure 200 in which the support portion 30 is omitted in order to explain the interior of the earth retaining structure 200 in Figure 2. Figure 4 is a schematic plan view of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1. The dashed line in Figure 1 indicates the excavation hole 301. The dashed arrow in Figure 4 indicates an example of the circumferential direction CD. The earth retaining structure 200 will be explained using Figures 1 to 4.

[0014] The earth retaining structure 200 is constructed, for example, when constructing civil engineering structures such as the foundation of a structure, a shaft for constructing a sewer system, or a water collection well constructed underground. The earth retaining structure 200 is a cylindrical structure constructed in an excavation hole 301 formed by excavating the ground 300. The earth retaining structure 200 is a structure constructed in the excavation hole 301 by arranging one or more cylindrical structures 201 along the axis of the hole.

[0015] The retaining wall structure 200 is formed in a rectangular tubular shape, for example, as shown in Figures 2 to 4. That is, the retaining wall structure 200 is formed in a rectangular shape in plan view, as shown in Figure 4. The retaining wall structure 200 has four corners 250 that form the corner sections.

[0016] The earth retaining structure 200 has a structure in which annular structures 201 are connected in the axial direction, as shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2. The earth retaining structure 200 is constructed by stacking multiple annular structures 201 in multiple layers along the axis of the hole in an excavation hole 301 formed by excavating the ground 300. In Figure 1, the earth retaining structure 200 has a structure in which seven layers of structures 201 are stacked along the axial direction, but the number of layers of structures 201 is not limited to seven layers. The number of layers of structures 201 that make up the earth retaining structure 200 may be one layer or multiple layers.

[0017] The earth retaining structure 200 has at least one structure 201, or has multiple structures 201 in the axial direction, and the multiple structures 201 are connected continuously in the axial direction to form the structure. The earth retaining structure 200 is formed by combining multiple earth retaining panels 100 that constitute the structure 201 in the horizontal and vertical directions. The earth retaining structure 200 has multiple earth retaining panels 100, and the multiple earth retaining panels 100 are combined to form a cylindrical shape.

[0018] [Structure 201] The structure 201 comprises a plurality of retaining walls 100, arranged such that it forms a hollow rectangular shape when viewed in the direction of the hole axis. The structure 201 also has a plurality of support parts 30 that support the plurality of retaining walls 100 from the inner circumference of the structure 201.

[0019] Structure 201 is a structure that covers the excavated surface underground. Structure 201 is formed in an annular shape when viewed axially, and as a whole, it is formed as a cylindrical body. Structure 201 is formed, for example, as a rectangular tube. Structure 201 may also be referred to as an annular body. Furthermore, structure 201 may be formed as a square shape with rounded corners or the like when viewed in plan.

[0020] Each structure 201 constituting the earth retaining structure 200 is constructed by connecting multiple earth retaining panels 100, and is formed by connecting the longitudinal ends of the earth retaining panels 100. Each of the multiple structures 201 constituting each stage of the earth retaining structure 200 is constructed by arranging multiple earth retaining panels 100 in a ring when viewed in the direction of the hole axis. That is, the structure 201 is composed of multiple earth retaining panels 100 arranged in the circumferential direction. The structure 201 is constructed by arranging multiple earth retaining panels 100 in a ring and connecting adjacent earth retaining panels 100 to each other on the left and right.

[0021] As described above, the retaining wall structure 200 may be constructed by stacking multiple cylindrical structures 201 in multiple layers along the axis of the hole. For structures 201 adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the retaining wall structure 200, for example, the positions of the retaining wall panels 100 constituting the upper structure 201 and the retaining wall panels 100 constituting the lower structure 201 are offset in the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall panels 100. Due to this arrangement of the retaining wall panels 100, the retaining wall structure 200 is constructed such that the retaining wall panels 100 constituting the structures 201 are arranged in a staggered pattern, for example. However, the arrangement of the retaining wall panels 100 is not limited to a staggered pattern.

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic plan view showing another example of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1. The dashed arrow in Figure 5 indicates the circumferential direction CD. The structure 201 shown in Figures 2 to 4 is composed of 10 earth retaining panels 100 arranged in a ring. The structure 201 shown in Figure 5 is composed of 20 earth retaining panels 100 arranged in a ring. The number of earth retaining panels 100 constituting each stage of the structure 201 may be multiple, and is not limited to the illustrated examples.

[0023] The retaining wall structure 200 and the structural body 201 may be formed with different sizes of retaining wall panels 100 depending on their installation position in the circumferential direction CD, for example, as shown in Figure 5. Depending on the installation location and installation method, the retaining wall structure 200 and the structural body 201 may be formed with the same size of retaining wall panels 100 depending on their installation position in the circumferential direction CD. The retaining wall panel 100A having vertical beams 14, as shown in Figures 2 to 5, will be described later.

[0024] [Earth retaining panel 100] Figure 6 is a perspective view from the inside of an example of a retaining wall panel 100 according to Embodiment 1. As shown in Figure 6, in the retaining wall panel 100, the longitudinal direction of the retaining wall panel 100 is defined as the first direction X, the short direction of the retaining wall panel 100 is defined as the second direction Z, and the thickness direction of the retaining wall panel 100 is defined as the third direction Y.

[0025] The first direction X may also be referred to as the left-right width direction of the retaining wall panel 100, and the second direction Z may also be referred to as the up-down width direction of the retaining wall panel 100. In this case, in the second direction Z, the Z1 side is the upper side and the Z2 side is the lower side. The first direction X may also be referred to as the circumferential direction of the retaining wall structure 200 and the structure 201, and the second direction Z may also be referred to as the axial direction of the retaining wall structure 200 and the structure 201 or the axial direction of the excavation hole 301 (see Figure 1).

[0026] The third direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X and the second direction Z, and is perpendicular to the retaining panel 100 in the retaining structure 200 and the structure 201. The third direction Y may also be the radial direction centered on the center of the excavation hole 301. Furthermore, when the retaining panel 100 is set in the excavation hole 301 (see Figure 1), in the third direction Y, the Y1 side is the ground side and the Y2 side is the center side of the shaft (inside the shaft).

[0027] The retaining wall panel 100 is used to construct a cylindrical retaining wall structure 200 by being installed in an excavation hole 301 (see Figure 1) formed by excavating the ground 300. For example, the retaining wall panel 100 is formed in a rectangular shape when viewed in a third direction Y, which is the thickness direction of the retaining wall panel 100, and is formed to extend in a straight line when viewed in a second direction Z, which is the width direction of the retaining wall panel 100. The retaining wall panel 100 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole. The retaining wall panel 100 is formed in a box shape and has a concave shape that opens toward the inside of the excavation hole 301.

[0028] The retaining wall panel 100 comprises a skin plate 10, a pair of main girders 11, and a pair of joint plates 12. More specifically, the retaining wall panel 100 includes a plate-shaped skin plate 10 facing the wall surface of the excavation hole 301 (see Figure 3). The retaining wall panel 100 also includes a flat plate-shaped upper main girder 111 provided at the upper end of the skin plate 10 to form the upper surface, and a flat plate-shaped lower main girder 112 provided at the lower end of the skin plate 10 to form the lower surface. The retaining wall panel 100 also includes a pair of joint plates 12 provided at both the left and right ends of the skin plate 10 to form the left and right sides. The skin plate 10, the main girders 11, and the joint plates 12 are each fixed by welding.

[0029] (Skin plate 10) The skin plate 10 is a steel plate, a flat plate-shaped member with one surface facing the ground side of the earth retaining panel 100 and the other surface facing the inside of the shaft. The skin plate 10 is formed to extend in the first direction X and the second direction Z. The skin plate 10 is formed to extend linearly when viewed in the second direction Z, and is formed in a rectangular shape when viewed from the side in the third direction Y, which is the radial direction.

[0030] The skin plate 10 is joined to close the opening on the ground-side end face of the frame obtained by joining a pair of main girders 11 and a pair of joint plates 12. That is, the skin plate 10 is joined to the outer circumference in the radial direction of the structure 201 with respect to the frame composed of the pair of main girders 11 and a pair of joint plates 12. When the earth retaining panel 100 is installed in the ground, the skin plate 10 faces the wall surface of the excavation hole 301 (see Figure 1) and constitutes the outer peripheral wall of the earth retaining structure 200. The earth retaining panel 100 has a smooth structure on the ground-side surface, for example, due to the skin plate 10.

[0031] (Main girder 11) The main girder 11 is, for example, made of a steel plate and is formed in a flat shape. The main girder 11 is formed to extend in a straight line when viewed in the second direction Z and constitutes part of the top or bottom surface of the annular structure 201. The main girder 11 is provided at both ends of the skin plate 10 in the second direction Z, which is the axial direction of the earth retaining structure 200 and the structure 201, and forms one end face and the other end face of the earth retaining panel 100 in the second direction Z. The plate surface of the main girder 11 extends in the first direction X and the third direction Y, and a pair of main girders 11 are parallel to each other in the first direction X and the third direction Y.

[0032] The pair of main girders 11 are located at both ends of the retaining panels 100 in the second direction Z of the retaining structure 200 and the structural body 201. The pair of main girders 11 extend in the first direction X, which is the circumferential direction of the cylindrical retaining structure 200 or structural body 201, and are arranged with their plate surfaces facing each other in the second direction Z, which is the axial direction of the cylindrical body. The pair of main girders 11 are the parts where adjacent retaining panels 100 come into contact with each other in the second direction Z of the retaining structure 200 and the structural body 201, and are the parts where adjacent retaining panels 100 are connected to each other.

[0033] The main girder 11 includes a flat plate-shaped upper main girder 111 provided at the upper end of the skin plate 10 to form the upper surface, and a flat plate-shaped lower main girder 112 provided at the lower end of the skin plate 10 to form the lower surface. In other words, the pair of main girders 11 consists of the upper main girder 111 and the lower main girder 112. The term "main girder 11" is a collective term for the upper main girder 111 and the lower main girder 112.

[0034] The upper main girder 111 and the lower main girder 112 have multiple connecting holes 11a through which connecting members such as bolts and nuts (not shown) used to connect adjacent earth retaining panels 100 vertically are passed. The connecting holes 11a are through holes.

[0035] In the retaining wall panel 100 shown in Figure 6, there are seven connecting holes 11a in both the upper main girder 111 and the lower main girder 112. However, the number of connecting holes 11a is not limited to seven. The position, size, and number of connecting holes 11a are not limited to those shown in the figure, and may be appropriately modified depending on the shape and size of the retaining wall panel 100. Adjacent retaining wall panels 100 are connected by butting the main girders 11 together and fastening the shafts of bolts inserted through the connecting holes 11a with nuts, for example.

[0036] (Joint plate 12) The pair of joint plates 12 are provided at both the left and right ends of the skin plate 10, forming the left and right sides of the retaining wall panel 100. The pair of joint plates 12 are the parts where adjacent retaining wall panels 100 abut each other in the circumferential direction of the retaining wall structure 200 and the structure 201, and are the parts where adjacent retaining wall panels 100 are connected to each other. The pair of joint plates 12 are members attached to both ends of the retaining wall panel 100 in the circumferential direction.

[0037] The joint plate 12 is formed in a plate shape and consists of a rectangular steel plate. The joint plate 12 is formed to extend in the axial direction, the second direction Z, and the third direction Y. A pair of joint plates 12 are joined to both ends of the pair of main girders 11 in the circumferential direction. The joint plate 12 is spanned and fixed between the two ends of the pair of main girders 11 in the longitudinal direction (first direction X).

[0038] The joint plate 12 is positioned at both circumferential ends of the earth retaining panel 100 so as to cover the openings formed by the pair of main girders 11 and the skin plate 10 positioned between the pair of main girders 11. The joint plate 12 may be fitted with joints for connecting the earth retaining panels 100 together to form a single structure 201.

[0039] As shown in Figure 6, the joint plate 12 has multiple joint connection holes 12a through which connecting members such as bolts and nuts (not shown) used to connect adjacent earth retaining panels 100 arranged in the circumferential direction of the excavation hole 301 (see Figure 1) are passed. The joint connection holes 12a are through holes.

[0040] In the retaining wall panel 100 shown in Figure 6, there are four joint connection holes 12a. However, the number of joint connection holes 12a is not limited to four. The position, size, and number of joint connection holes 12a are not limited to those shown in the figure, and should be appropriately modified according to the shape and size of the retaining wall panel 100.

[0041] Adjacent retaining wall panels 100 on the left and right are connected by butting the joint plates 12 together and fastening the shafts of bolts inserted through the joint connection holes 12a with nuts. However, the connection of adjacent retaining wall panels 100 in the circumferential direction is not limited to a structure connected by bolts and nuts, and may also be done by, for example, clip-shaped members or one-touch joints, or by using other well-known technologies.

[0042] (Shape-retaining member 13) The earth retaining panel 100 is positioned between the upper main girder 111 and the lower main girder 112 and may have a shape-retaining member 13 that maintains the shape of the earth retaining panel 100 during manufacturing, transportation, and construction. The shape-retaining member 13 is composed of a plate-shaped member made of steel plate or the like, as shown in the figure, or a rod-shaped member made of reinforcing bars or the like, which are not shown in the figure.

[0043] In the illustrated example, one shape-retaining member 13 is placed inside the earth retaining panel 100. The shape and number of shape-retaining members 13 are not limited to the illustrated example and are determined by considering, for example, the size and shape of the earth retaining panel 100. Furthermore, the earth retaining panel 100 does not need to have shape-retaining members 13 if its strength can be ensured by the main girders 11 and joint plates 12, etc.

[0044] Figure 7 is an internal perspective view of another example of the retaining wall panel 100 according to Embodiment 1. Figure 8 is a plan view of the retaining wall panel 100 of Figure 7. Figure 9 is a front view of the retaining wall panel 100 of Figure 7, viewed from the inner side. Figure 10 is a side view of the retaining wall panel 100 of Figure 7, viewed from the circumferential direction. Figure 11 is a plan view of section B of the retaining wall panel 100 of Figure 7, and is a conceptual diagram showing the internal structure. Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of the retaining wall panel 100 of Figure 9, viewed in the direction of the arrow along the CC line. Of the multiple retaining wall panels 100, two or more retaining wall panels 100 have one or more vertical beams 14 to which multiple support parts 30 are attached.

[0045] As shown in Figures 3 and 7, among the multiple retaining wall panels 100, the retaining wall panel 100 having a vertical beam 14 is designated as retaining wall panel 100A. The retaining wall panel 100A having a vertical beam 14 will be described below using Figures 7 to 12.

[0046] Of the multiple earth retaining panels 100 that make up the earth retaining structure 200, some earth retaining panels 100A are provided with vertical beams 14 having a plane to which a support part 30, described later, is joined, inside a recess surrounded by a skin plate 10, a main girder 11, and a joint plate 12, as shown in Figures 7 to 12. The basic configuration of earth retaining panel 100A is the same as that of earth retaining panel 100 described above. That is, earth retaining panel 100A is composed of skin plates 10, main girders 11, and joint plates 12, etc., in the same way as earth retaining panel 100, except for the vertical beams 14 and the main girder reinforcement members 15, described later.

[0047] Of the multiple earth retaining panels 100, at least some of the earth retaining panels 100A are provided with vertical beams 14 that are located inside the earth retaining panel 100A surrounded by a skin plate 10, an upper main girder 111 and a lower main girder 112, and a pair of joint plates 12, and have a plane to which the support portion 30 can be joined. The vertical beams 14 are located inside the earth retaining panel 100A surrounded by the skin plate 10, the upper main girder 111 and the lower main girder 112, and a pair of joint plates 12, and extend vertically to support the upper main girder 111 and the lower main girder 112.

[0048] As shown in Figure 11, the vertical beam 14 is, for example, an H-shaped steel beam, and is formed in an H shape in plan view. The vertical beam 14 has a web 14c, which is a plate-like portion extending in the vertical direction, and a first flange 14a, which is a plate-like portion extending in the vertical direction, provided at one end of the web 14c in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction of the web 14c.

[0049] The vertical beam 14 has a second flange 14b provided at the other end of the web 14c in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction of the web 14c. The second flange 14b is a plate-like portion extending in the vertical direction. The second flange 14b is positioned opposite the skin plate 10.

[0050] In other words, the vertical beam 14 has a web 14c which is a plate-like portion, and a first flange 14a which is provided at one end of the web 14c in the third direction Y which is the thickness direction of the earth retaining panel 100A, and to which the support portion 30 is fixed. The vertical beam 14 also has a second flange 14b which is provided at the other end of the web 14c in the third direction Y which is the thickness direction of the earth retaining panel 100A, and is positioned opposite the skin plate 10.

[0051] As shown in Figures 11 and 12, the web 14c is made of steel and is a plate-shaped portion of the retaining wall panel 100A extending in the second direction Z and the third direction Y. The first flange 14a and the second flange 14b are made of steel and are plate-shaped portions of the retaining wall panel 100A extending in the second direction Z and the first direction X.

[0052] One first flange 14a is positioned on the inside of the shaft of the borehole 301 relative to the web 14c, and the other second flange 14b is positioned on the excavation face side of the borehole 301 relative to the web 14c. The second flange 14b is positioned inside the earth retaining panel 100A, facing the skin plate 10. The first flange 14a positioned on the inside of the shaft of the borehole 301 forms a plane for joining the support portion 30.

[0053] As shown in Figures 7, 9, and 12, the retaining wall panel 100A may have a plate-shaped main girder reinforcement 15 provided between the upper end surface of the vertical beam 14 and the upper main girder 11. Alternatively, the retaining wall panel 100A may have a plate-shaped main girder reinforcement 15 provided between the lower end surface of the vertical beam 14 and the lower main girder 11.

[0054] The main girder reinforcement member 15 is, for example, a plate-shaped member such as a steel plate, as shown in the figure. The main girder reinforcement member 15 is provided to suppress deformation of the main girder 11 due to the load of the support part 30. The upper and lower end surfaces of the vertical beam 14 are welded to the main girder reinforcement member 15, respectively. The main girder reinforcement member 15 is welded to the inner surface of the main girder 11.

[0055] As shown in Figures 9 and 12, the earth retaining panel 100A includes an upper main girder reinforcing member 15b provided between the upper main girder 111 and the longitudinal beam 14 to reinforce the upper main girder 111, and a lower main girder reinforcing member 15c provided between the lower main girder 112 and the longitudinal beam 14 to reinforce the lower main girder 112.

[0056] The vertical beam 14 is positioned to fit inside a recess formed by the skin plate 10, the main girder 11, and the joint plate 12. The vertical beam 14 is transported to the construction site already attached to the main girder 11 via the main girder reinforcement material 15, for example, at a factory. With this configuration, the retaining wall panel 100A can reduce the amount of work required at the construction site and be constructed in a short period of time.

[0057] Furthermore, the retaining wall panel 100A does not necessarily require the main girder reinforcement member 15, and may be configured without it. In this case, the upper and lower ends of the vertical beam 14 in the retaining wall panel 100A are welded to the main girder 11. In addition, the retaining wall panel 100A may have the main girder reinforcement member 15 provided only between the upper end of the vertical beam 14 and the upper main girder 11, or it may have the main girder reinforcement member 15 provided only between the lower end of the vertical beam 14 and the lower main girder 11.

[0058] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 7 and 11, the main girder 11 has densely packed connecting holes 11a in the area where the main girder reinforcing members 15 are placed. The retaining wall panel 100A can increase its joint strength by increasing the number of bolt connections with adjacent retaining wall panels 100 above and below, and can support the load of the support section 30 connected to the vertical beam 14.

[0059] As shown in Figure 7, the main girder reinforcement member 15 has through holes 15a formed in the locations where the connecting holes 11a are formed, communicating with the connecting holes 11a and allowing the shaft portion of a connecting member (not shown) such as a bolt to pass through. Furthermore, the number of connecting holes 11a in the section where the main girder reinforcement member 15 is placed is not limited to the eight shown in Figures 7 and 8, but may be appropriately changed depending on the size and shape of the earth retaining panel 100A, the size and shape of the support section 30, etc.

[0060] In Figure 7, one vertical beam 14 is provided in the retaining wall panel 100A, but the configuration of the retaining wall panel 100A is not limited to this configuration. Two vertical beams 14 may be provided within the retaining wall panel 100A, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. One or more vertical beams 14 are provided inside each retaining wall panel 100A.

[0061] Furthermore, the vertical beam 14 is not limited to H-shaped steel, and can be any configuration having a plane on the excavation hole 301 side for joining the support part 30, which will be described later. Specifically, the vertical beam 14 may be T-shaped steel, L-shaped steel, channel steel, or square steel, or it may be a configuration formed by combining flat plates into an H-shape, T-shape, L-shape, concave shape, or square shape. In short, the vertical beam 14 can be any shape as long as it has the function.

[0062] Figure 13 is a plan view showing various shapes of other retaining panels 100 used in the retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1. Using Figure 13, other shapes of retaining panels 100 used in the retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1 will be explained.

[0063] The retaining wall structure 200 may use retaining wall panels 100 of different shapes and lengths depending on the location where it is installed. The retaining wall panels 100 shown in Figures 13(A) to (D) are examples of configurations of retaining wall panels 100 formed according to the location where they are installed. The retaining wall panel 100 shown in Figure 13(C) is a retaining wall panel 100 that is linear in plan view as described above.

[0064] At the rectangular corners 250 (see Figure 5) of the retaining wall structure 200, retaining wall panels 100 formed in an L-shape in plan view are placed, for example, as shown in Figures 13(B) and 13(D). Alternatively, the retaining wall structure 200 may be constructed by sequentially placing the retaining wall panels 100 along the circumferential direction of the excavation hole 301, with the small retaining wall panel 100 shown in Figure 13(A) being placed last.

[0065] The small retaining wall panel 100 shown in Figure 13(A) has a joint plate 12, which forms one of its longitudinal end faces, inclined with respect to the radial direction of the excavation hole 301. The retaining wall structure 200, as shown for example in Figures 13(A) and (B), also has an end face of the retaining wall panel 100 that is opposite to one end face of the small retaining wall panel 100 inclined with respect to the radial direction. This configuration allows the last retaining wall panel 100 to be installed to be circumferentially slid and fitted into the space formed between the already installed circumferential retaining wall panels 100 from the inside to the outside of the structure 201. As a result, the retaining wall structure 200 can improve the workability of assembling the retaining wall panels 100.

[0066] [Support part 30] Figure 14 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a support section 30 used in the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1. The support section 30 is a so-called diagonal bracing beam. A diagonal bracing beam is a diagonal member installed to prevent deformation caused by horizontal forces generated by earth pressure, etc. The support section 30 is a diagonally assembled beam installed to increase the structural rigidity of the structure 201 and prevent it from deforming horizontally due to earth pressure, etc.

[0067] The support portion 30 is a steel member that is long in the direction of the material axis. The support portion 30 may be composed of a single member, or it may be composed of multiple members, including, for example, a bracket (see Figure 23). The support portion 30 has, for example, a main body portion 31 that is long in the direction of the material axis, and end face portions 32 provided at both ends of the main body portion 31 that abut against the vertical beams 14 of the earth retaining structure 200.

[0068] The main body 31 of the support portion 30 is made of, for example, an H-shaped steel. The end face portion 32 is formed in the shape of a flat plate, for example. The support portion 30 is not limited to an H-shaped steel, but may also be made of a T-shaped steel, an L-shaped steel, a channel steel, or a square steel, or it may be a configuration formed by combining flat plates to create an H-shape, T-shape, L-shape, concave shape, or square shape, etc. In short, the support portion 30 may be any shape as long as it has the function of doing so.

[0069] Figure 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating the state in which the earth retaining panel 100 according to Embodiment 1 is positioned in the hole axis direction (second direction Z) of the excavation hole 301. Figure 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating the state in which the support part 30 is installed on the earth retaining panel 100A of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1. Note that in Figure 15, the support part 30 is omitted from the illustration in order to explain the position of the vertical beam 14. Also, in Figure 16, some of the support parts 30 are omitted from the illustration in order to explain the earth retaining structure 200. The fixing of the support part 30 to the vertical beam 14 will be explained using Figures 15 and 16, etc.

[0070] As shown in Figure 15, the earth retaining structure 200 has a section where, for example, earth retaining panels 100 and earth retaining panels 100A are assembled in a staggered arrangement. The vertical beams 14 of vertically adjacent earth retaining panels 100A are positioned in alignment in the circumferential direction (first direction X) of the excavation hole 301 so that they are continuous along the hole axis direction (second direction Z) of the excavation hole 301, as shown in Figures 3 and 15. Therefore, the vertical beams 14 are positioned appropriately by adjusting their position to an appropriate location, such as shifting their position from the center, within the recess formed by the skin plate 10, the main girder 11, and the joint plate 12. Note that aligning in the circumferential direction (first direction X) of the excavation hole 301 does not require exact coincidence, but includes dimensional tolerances.

[0071] Each end of the multiple support parts 30 is fixed to the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14. The support parts 30 are formed in an elongated shape, and both ends in the longitudinal direction are welded to the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14. The earth retaining structure 200 is fixed to the vertical beam 14 by welding, for example, each end of the multiple support parts 30 to the first flange 14a. The earth retaining structure 200 is fixed to the vertical beam 14 by welding the support parts 30 to the vertical beam 14. Note that the fixing of each end of the multiple support parts 30 to the first flange 14a is not limited to welding, and may be fixed by other fixing means such as bolting.

[0072] Welding the support portion 30 to the vertical beam 14 is just one example; the support portion 30 and the vertical beam 14 may be fixed by other methods. Multiple support portions 30 are provided in the earth retaining structure 200 along the hole axis direction (second direction Z) of the excavated hole 301, as shown in Figures 4 and 16.

[0073] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a longitudinal beam 14 in the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1. Figure 18 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an end face portion 32 in the support portion 30 according to Embodiment 1. Figure 19 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a fixing member 40 used to fix the longitudinal beam 14 and the support portion 30 in the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1. An example of fixing the longitudinal beam 14 and the support portion 30 will be explained using Figures 17 to 19.

[0074] As shown in Figure 17, the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 may have multiple vertical beam holes 14d formed therein, which are used to bolt the support portion 30 to the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14. Alternatively, the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 may have vertical beam holes 14d formed therein for fitting and positioning the end face portion 32 of the support portion 30 onto the vertical beam 14.

[0075] When the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 and the support portion 30 are bolted together, the vertical beam hole portion 14d is a through hole provided in the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14. That is, the first flange 14a may have multiple vertical beam holes 14d, which are through holes. Bolts 41 of the fixing member 40, which will be described later, are inserted through the vertical beam holes 14d.

[0076] When the end face portion 32 of the support portion 30 is fitted and fixed to the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14, the vertical beam hole portion 14d may be a non-through hole formed in a recessed state on the plate surface. That is, the first flange 14a may have multiple vertical beam holes 14d, which are either through holes or non-through holes. The projections 32b of the support portion 30, which will be described later, are inserted into the multiple vertical beam holes 14d.

[0077] In Figure 17, ten vertical beam holes 14d are formed in the first flange 14a, but the number of vertical beam holes 14d is not limited to the illustrated example. Furthermore, if multiple vertical beam holes 14d are formed in the first flange 14a of the earth retaining structure 200, the fixing position of the support portion 30 can be adjusted by selecting the position of the vertical beam holes 14d through which the fixing member 40 is inserted.

[0078] As shown in Figure 18, the end face portion 32 of the support portion 30 may have a plurality of fixing holes 32a formed therein, which are used to bolt the support portion 30 to the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14. The fixing holes 32a are through holes provided in the end face portion 32 of the support portion 30. That is, multiple support portions 30 have an end face portion 32 facing the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14, and having a plurality of fixing holes 32a formed therein, which are through holes. Bolts 41 of the fixing member 40, which will be described later, are inserted through the fixing holes 32a.

[0079] In Figure 18, four fixing holes 32a are formed in the end face portion 32, but the number of fixing holes 32a is not limited to the example shown.

[0080] The earth retaining structure 200 includes, as an example, a vertical beam 14 and a plurality of fixing members 40 for fixing a plurality of support parts 30. As shown in Figure 19, the fixing members 40 for fixing the support parts 30 and the vertical beam 14 may be composed of bolts 41 and nuts 42. Note that the bolts 41 and nuts 42 shown in Figure 19 are just an example, and bolts 41 and nuts 42 of other shapes may be used.

[0081] The first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 and the end face 32 of the support portion 30 are fixed by a plurality of fixing members 40 inserted through a plurality of vertical beam holes 14d and a plurality of fixing holes 32a. For example, the end face 32 of the support portion 30 and the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 are fixed by bringing their plate surfaces into contact with each other and fastening the shafts of bolts 41 inserted through the vertical beam holes 14d and fixing holes 32a with nuts 42.

[0082] Figure 20 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the end face portion 32 of the support portion 30 according to Embodiment 1. As shown in Figure 20, the end face portion 32 may have a plurality of protrusions 32b. The protrusions 32b are used to position the support portion 30 with respect to the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14.

[0083] The projection 32b is a protruding portion provided on the end face portion 32, and is a portion that protrudes from the plate surface of the end face portion 32. The projection 32b protrudes outward from the support portion 30 and protrudes on the opposite side from the main body portion 31. That is, multiple support portions 30 may have end face portions 32 that face the first flange 14a and are provided with multiple projections 32b that are formed in a protruding shape.

[0084] In Figure 20, four protrusions 32b are formed on the end face portion 32, but the number of protrusions 32b is not limited to the illustrated example. Also, in Figure 20, the shape of the protrusions 32b is formed in a cylindrical shape, but the shape of the protrusions 32b is not limited to the illustrated example. In short, the protrusions 32b can be any shape as long as they have the function.

[0085] The projection 32b is inserted into the vertical beam hole 14d of the vertical beam 14. The support portion 30 is positioned relative to the vertical beam 14 by the insertion of multiple projections 32b into multiple vertical beam holes 14d. If the earth retaining structure 200 has multiple vertical beam holes 14d formed in the first flange 14a, the fixed position of the support portion 30 can be adjusted by selecting the position of the vertical beam hole 14d into which the projections 32b of the support portion 30 are inserted.

[0086] The positioned support portion 30 is fixed to the vertical beam 14 by, for example, welding the end face portion 32 to the first flange 14a. Depending on the protruding length and size of the projection portion 32b, the earth retaining structure 200 may also be fixed to the vertical beam 14 by inserting the projection portion 32b into the vertical beam hole portion 14d. In other words, the earth retaining structure 200 may be fixed to the vertical beam 14 by inserting the projection portion 32b of the end face portion 32 into the vertical beam hole portion 14d of the vertical beam 14 without using welding.

[0087] [Arrangement of support parts 30 in earth retaining structure 200] Returning to Figures 4 and 5, the arrangement of the support sections 30 in the retaining wall structure 200 will be explained. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the retaining wall structure 200 is rectangular in shape, forming a rectangle in plan view, with the retaining wall panels 100 arranged in a ring. The support sections 30 are diagonal members used near the corners 250 (see Figures 4 and 5), which are the joints between the vertical and horizontal sections, in order to prevent deformation of the horizontal structural plane.

[0088] The vertical beams 14 of the earth retaining panel 100A are provided in the same number on each side of the rectangle of the structure 201, for example. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the earth retaining structure 200 is provided with support sections 30 that connect the vertical beams 14 located on both sides of the corner 250 in the circumferential direction CD. The support sections 30 are provided so as to span across the vertical beams 14 located on both sides of the corner 250 in the circumferential direction CD. The support sections 30 are provided so as to face the corner 250. The support sections 30 are provided at the four corners of the rectangular structure 201.

[0089] Each of the multiple support parts 30 is provided at a corner 250 of the rectangular structure 201 and is attached to the vertical beams 14 of the multiple earth retaining panels 100 that form two adjacent sides of the structure 201 when viewed in the direction of the hole axis. Each of the multiple support parts 30 extends diagonally to two adjacent sides of the rectangular structure 201 when viewed in the direction of the hole axis.

[0090] The retaining wall structure 200 is formed such that a triangular section is created by retaining wall panels 100 located on both sides constituting the corner 250 and the support section 30. Note that the installation examples of the support section 30 shown in Figures 4 and 5 are examples only and are not limited to the illustrated examples. The arrangement of the retaining wall panels 100 and retaining wall panels 100A is not limited to the configuration shown in Figures 4 and 5, and may be appropriately changed depending on the size and shape of the retaining wall structure 200.

[0091] Figure 21 is a schematic plan view showing another example of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1. As shown in Figure 21, the earth retaining structure 200 may be provided with two or more support parts 30 parallel to each other at the corner 250 of the structure 201.

[0092] In Figure 21, two support parts 30 are provided parallel to each other in the structure 201, but three or more support parts 30 may be arranged parallel to each other. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 4, one support part 30 may be provided at each corner 250 of the structure 201.

[0093] [Construction of earth retaining structure 200] Figure 22 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a construction method for the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1. The earth retaining structure 200 is constructed by stacking multiple annular structures 201, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, in multiple layers along the axis direction of the excavation hole 301, in an excavation hole 301 formed by excavating the ground 300. Below, an example of an earth retaining structure 200 having multiple layers of structures 201 will be further explained using Figures 22(A) to (C).

[0094] As shown in Figure 22(A), in the construction method for the earth retaining structure 200, first, an excavation hole 301 for constructing the earth retaining structure 200 is formed in the ground 300. The excavation hole 301 is formed with an outer diameter that is, for example, about 20 cm larger than the outer diameter of the earth retaining structure 200. The excavation hole 301 is formed to extend in the vertical direction as an example, but is not limited to being formed to extend in that direction, and may be inclined with respect to the vertical direction as well. The depth of the excavation hole 301 is, for example, about 0.5 m to 1.5 m, but may be deeper than 1.5 m.

[0095] The retaining wall panels 100 are arranged in a ring along the wall surface 303 of the excavation hole 301 to assemble the structure 201. The retaining wall panels 100 are arranged so that the outer surface of the skin plate 10 faces the ground side and the inner surface of the skin plate 10 faces the excavation side. The ground side is the outer surface of the retaining wall panel 100, and the excavation side is the inner surface of the retaining wall panel 100.

[0096] The structure 201 is assembled by sequentially arranging retaining panels 100 along the circumferential direction of the wall surface 303 of the excavated hole 301, and connecting adjacent retaining panels 100 on the left and right with connecting members such as bolts and nuts (not shown in the illustration). The retaining panels 100 of the upper structure 201 and the retaining panels 100 of the lower structure 201 are connected by connecting members (not shown in the illustration). Note that the connecting members are not limited to bolts and nuts, but may also be clip-shaped members.

[0097] The retaining wall structure 200 is arranged such that the upper retaining wall panels 100 and the lower retaining wall panels 100 are staggered in the circumferential direction. This makes it possible to suppress variations in strength and rigidity at each position of the retaining wall structure 200 in the circumferential direction. However, if the joint plates 12 have sufficient thickness, the retaining wall panels 100 may be installed continuously in the axial direction without being staggered. In this way, the structure 201 is stacked in multiple layers, for example, three layers, along the axial direction to construct a part of the retaining wall structure 200.

[0098] Next, as shown in Figure 22(B), the uppermost structure 201 is fixed to the ground 300 with a grid 400, and then the excavated hole 301 outside the structure 201 is backfilled with excavated soil. The means for fixing the uppermost structure 201 to the ground 300 is not limited to the grid 400, and concrete may be used, for example.

[0099] Then, as shown in Figure 22(C), the structure 201 is assembled while the ground is excavated, and the excavation is continued to a predetermined depth. After the uppermost structure 201 is fixed with the crest 400, retaining wall panels 100 are placed at the lower end of the upper structure 201, along the circumferential direction of the wall surface 303 of the excavation hole 301. The placed retaining wall panels 100 are connected to the upper retaining wall panels 100 with bolts and nuts, and are also connected to the adjacent retaining wall panels 100 on the left and right with bolts and nuts.

[0100] The earth retaining structure 200 is constructed by building another structure 201 beneath the lower structure 201 in this manner. Subsequently, concrete or mortar is filled between the earth retaining panel 100 and the excavated hole 301 as backfill material.

[0101] As shown in Figures 22(A) to (C), the earth retaining structure 200 is constructed by stacking multiple annular structures 201, as shown in Figure 2, in a vertical excavation hole 301 formed by excavating the ground 300, along the axis direction of the excavation hole 301. The support parts 30 may be attached when each structure 201 is constructed, or they may be attached all at once after the multiple layers of structures 201 have been stacked.

[0102] [Effects of earth retaining structure 200] In order to increase the strength of earth retaining structures against earth pressure and their own weight, it is generally considered that the wall thickness of the structure should be increased. However, in this case, the internal space of the earth retaining structure becomes smaller, and there is a risk of interference between the structure and the internal structure built inside the earth retaining structure.

[0103] The structure 201 of the earth retaining structure 200 has a plurality of support parts 30 that support a plurality of earth retaining panels 100 from the inner circumference of the structure 201. Of the plurality of earth retaining panels 100, two or more earth retaining panels 100 have one or more vertical beams 14 to which the plurality of support parts 30 are attached. The one or more vertical beams 14 are provided inside the earth retaining panel 100 surrounded by the skin plate 10, the upper main girder 111 and the lower main girder 112, and a pair of joint plates 12, and extend vertically to support the upper main girder 111 and the lower main girder 112. Each of the plurality of support parts 30 is provided at the corner 250 of the rectangular structure 201 and is attached to the vertical beams 14 of the plurality of earth retaining panels 100 that constitute two adjacent sides of the structure 201. In addition, each of the plurality of support parts 30 extends diagonally to two adjacent sides of the structure 201 when viewed in the direction of the hole axis.

[0104] The earth retaining structure 200, with this configuration, has support sections 30 at the corners 250 of the rectangular structure 201, which are equivalent to so-called diagonal bracing beams. Because the earth retaining structure 200 has support sections 30 at the corners 250, the strength of the structure 201 can be ensured, and therefore the wall thickness of the structure 201 can be reduced compared to an earth retaining structure that does not have beam-like structures such as support sections 30.

[0105] Furthermore, the earth retaining structure 200 has support sections 30, which correspond to so-called diagonal bracing, at the corners 250 of the rectangular structure 201. With this configuration, the earth retaining structure 200 does not have beams, such as bracing, spanning between the opposing walls of the structure 201. Also, with this configuration, the earth retaining structure 200 does not have beams, such as bracing, located near the center of the excavation hole 301.

[0106] Therefore, the earth retaining structure 200 has the following advantages compared to the case where a beam such as a brace is installed between the opposing walls of the structure 201 and the case where a beam such as a brace is installed near the center of the excavation hole 301. In other words, compared to the case where a beam such as the brace described above is present, the earth retaining structure 200 does not reduce the internal space of the central part of the earth retaining structure 200 that can be effectively used, nor is the range of the internal space that can be effectively used limited. Therefore, by having the above configuration, the earth retaining structure 200 can increase its strength against earth pressure and its own weight, and compared to the case where a beam such as the brace described above is present, it is possible to secure an internal space that can be effectively used with the minimum excavation hole, and maintain workability.

[0107] Furthermore, in general, in a rectangular earth retaining structure viewed from above, stress concentrates at the corners, resulting in a larger bending moment at the corners compared to the straight sections. The earth retaining structure 200 has support sections 30 equivalent to diagonal bracing at the corners 250 where stress concentrates. Therefore, the earth retaining structure 200 can reduce the bending moment at the corners 250 where stress concentrates and improve the strength of the earth retaining structure 200.

[0108] Furthermore, in the earth retaining structure 200, at the corner 250 of the structure 201, two or more of the multiple support parts 30 are provided so as to be parallel to each other. With this configuration, the earth retaining structure 200 can further reduce the bending moment generated at the corner 250 where stress is concentrated, compared to the case where there is only one support part 30 at the corner 250, and improve the strength of the earth retaining structure 200.

[0109] Furthermore, each of the multiple earth retaining panels 100 has an upper main girder reinforcing member 15b provided between the upper main girder 111 and one or more vertical beams 14 to reinforce the upper main girder 111, and a lower main girder reinforcing member 15c provided between the lower main girder 112 and one or more vertical beams 14 to reinforce the lower main girder 112. With this configuration, the earth retaining structure 200 can improve the strength of the main girder 11.

[0110] Furthermore, the vertical beam 14 has a web 14c, which is a plate-like portion extending in the vertical direction, and a first flange 14a, which is a plate-like portion extending in the vertical direction and provided at one end of the web 14c in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction of the web 14c. With this configuration, the vertical beam 14 can have improved strength compared to when it is composed of only one of the web 14c and the first flange 14a.

[0111] Furthermore, in the earth retaining structure 200, both ends of each of the multiple support parts 30 are fixed to the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14. With this configuration, the earth retaining structure 200 becomes easier to fix the support parts 30 to the vertical beam 14, improving work efficiency.

[0112] Furthermore, the vertical beam 14 has a second flange 14b provided at the other end of the web 14c in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction of the web 14c. The second flange 14b is a plate-like portion extending in the vertical direction. The second flange 14b is positioned opposite the skin plate 10. By having the second flange 14b, the vertical beam 14 can be made even stronger compared to when it does not have this configuration.

[0113] Furthermore, the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 has multiple vertical beam holes 14d, which are through holes. The multiple support portions 30 have end faces 32 facing the first flange 14a, and each end face 32 has multiple fixing holes 32a, which are through holes. The first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 and the end faces 32 of the support portions 30 are fixed by multiple fixing members 40 inserted through the multiple vertical beam holes 14d and the multiple fixing holes 32a. With this configuration, the earth retaining structure 200 becomes easier to fix the vertical beam 14 and the support portions 30, improving workability.

[0114] Furthermore, the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 has a plurality of vertical beam holes 14d, which are either through holes or non-through holes. The plurality of support parts 30 have end faces 32 that face the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 and are provided with a plurality of projections 32b that are formed in a protruding shape. The support parts 30 are positioned by inserting the plurality of projections 32b into the plurality of vertical beam holes 14d. With this configuration, the earth retaining structure 200 makes it easy to position the support parts 30 relative to the vertical beam 14. Also, with this configuration, the earth retaining structure 200 makes it easy to temporarily fix the support parts 30 relative to the vertical beam 14, and the workability of welding and fixing the vertical beam 14 and the support parts 30 is improved compared to the case without this configuration. In addition, since the vertical beam 14 is built into the earth retaining panel 100, the earth retaining structure 200 can have a wider internal space by the length of the vertical beam 14 compared to the construction of a normal vertical beam 14. Furthermore, since the vertical beams 14 are built into the retaining wall panels 100, the retaining wall structure 200 can secure internal space and minimize the amount of excavation required.

[0115] Furthermore, the earth retaining structure 200 may be fixed to the first flange 14a by welding, for example, to both ends of each of the multiple support parts 30. With this configuration, the earth retaining structure 200 can ensure the strength of the structure 201 by having support parts 30, and therefore the wall thickness of the structure 201 can be reduced compared to an earth retaining structure that does not have beam-like structures such as support parts 30.

[0116] Embodiment 2. Figure 23 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a support portion 30 used in the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2. Figure 24 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a support body portion 31a of the support portion 30 shown in Figure 23. Figure 25 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a bracket portion 31b of the support portion 30 shown in Figure 23. Components having the same function and operation as those of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals and their descriptions are omitted. Hereinafter, the configuration of Embodiment 2 will be described using Figures 23 to 25, focusing on the differences from Embodiment 1. Components not described in Embodiment 2 are the same as those in Embodiment 1.

[0117] Of the multiple support parts 30, one or more support parts 30 have a long support body part 31a and bracket parts 31b attached to both ends of the support body part 31a in the longitudinal direction.

[0118] The support body 31a is a steel material that is long in the direction of the material axis. The support body 31a is made of, for example, an H-shaped steel. However, the support body 31a is not limited to an H-shaped steel, and may be a T-shaped steel, an L-shaped steel, a channel steel, or a square steel, or it may be a configuration formed by combining flat plates into an H-shape, T-shape, L-shape, concave shape, or square shape. In short, the support body 31a may be any shape as long as it has the function.

[0119] The support body 31a is formed in a rectangular shape when viewed from, for example, the vertical, horizontal, and front-to-back directions. Note that this structure of the support body 31a is an example and is not limited to this structure.

[0120] The support body portion 31a includes, for example, a first member 31a2 that constitutes the top surface portion and the bottom surface portion, and a second member 31a3 that is provided to connect the first member 31a2 that constitutes the top surface portion and the first member 31a2 that constitutes the bottom surface portion. The support body portion 31a also has body end face portions 31a1 provided at both ends of the elongated first member 31a2 and second member 31a3 that abut against the bracket end face portion 31b1 of the bracket portion 31b.

[0121] The main body end face portion 31a1 is formed, for example, in a plate shape. The support main body portion 31a faces the bracket portion 31b and has a main body end face portion 31a11 in which a plurality of through holes, which are main body holes 31a11, are formed.

[0122] The bracket portion 31b is positioned between one or more vertical beams 14 and the support body portion 31a so as to connect one or more vertical beams 14 and the support body portion 31a, and is fixed to one or more vertical beams 14 and the support body portion 31a. The bracket portion 31b fixes the vertical beams 14 and the support body portion 31a so as to connect the vertical beams 14 and the support body portion 31a. The bracket portion 31b is a member that connects the vertical beams 14 and the support body portion 31a, and is a member that joins and connects the vertical beams 14 and the support body portion 31a.

[0123] The bracket portion 31b is formed in a polygonal shape when viewed, for example, in the vertical direction. The bracket portion 31b has at least an end face portion 32 facing the vertical beam 14 and a bracket end face portion 31b1 facing the main body end face portion 31a1 of the support body portion 31a.

[0124] The end face 32 of the bracket portion 31b abuts against the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14. The end face 32 of the bracket portion 31b and the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 are fixed together by means of fastening, such as welding or bolting.

[0125] The bracket end face portion 31b1 is formed, for example, in a plate shape. The bracket portion 31b faces the main body end face portion 31a1 of the support body portion 31a and has a bracket end face portion 31b11 in which a plurality of through-holes, known as bracket holes 31b11, are formed.

[0126] The bracket portion 31b is formed with a predetermined angle between the bracket end face portion 31b1 and the end face portion 32, so as to define the angle between the retaining panel 100 and the support body portion 31a when viewed in the axial direction of the retaining structure 200. Multiple types of bracket portions 31b exist depending on the angle between the bracket end face portion 31b1 and the end face portion 32. In other words, a bracket portion 31b with a predetermined angle is selectively used depending on the required angle between the retaining panel 100 and the support body portion 31a.

[0127] The bracket portion 31b further has plate-shaped members 31b2 that constitute the top and bottom surfaces. The bracket portion 31b is formed such that, for example, the plate-shaped member 31b2 and the end surface portion 32 are at a right angle, and similarly, the plate-shaped member 31b2 and the bracket end surface portion 31b1 are at a right angle.

[0128] Figure 26 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a connecting member 50 used to fix the support body 31a and the bracket 31b in the support section 30 of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2. Of the multiple support sections 30, one or more support sections 30 are provided, for example, with multiple connecting members 50 that fix the support body 31a and the bracket 31b and connect the support body 31a and the bracket 31b.

[0129] The support body portion 31a and the bracket portion 31b are fixed by a plurality of connecting members 50 inserted through a plurality of body holes 31a11 formed in the body end face portion 31a1 and a plurality of bracket holes 31b11 formed in the bracket end face portion 31b1. The connecting members 50 fasten the body end face portion 31a1 of the support body portion 31a and the bracket end face portion 31b1 of the bracket portion 31b.

[0130] The connecting member 50 that fixes the support body 31a and the bracket 31b may consist of a bolt 51 and a nut 52, as shown in Figure 26. Note that the bolt 51 and nut 52 shown in Figure 26 are just an example, and other shapes of bolts 51 and nuts 52 may be used. Fixing the support body 31a and the bracket 31b is not limited to fixing with bolts 51 and nuts 52, and other fixing means may be used, or fixing may be done by welding, etc.

[0131] Figure 27 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the state in which the support part 30 is installed on the earth retaining panel 100A of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2. Figure 28 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a part of the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2. Figure 29 is a schematic plan view showing the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2. The earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2 will be further explained using Figures 27 to 29, etc.

[0132] As shown in Figure 27, one or more vertical beams 14 have a web 14c, which is a plate-shaped portion extending in the vertical direction, and a first flange 14a, which is a plate-shaped portion extending in the vertical direction and provided at one end of the web 14c in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction of the web 14c. As shown in Figures 27 to 29, in the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2, the bracket portion 31b of the support portion 30 is fixed to the first flange 14a.

[0133] The earth retaining structure 200 comprises one or more vertical beams 14 and a plurality of fixing members 40 for fixing a plurality of support parts 30 (see Figure 19). The first flange 14a has a plurality of vertical beam holes 14d which are through holes (see Figure 17). The bracket portion 31b of the support part 30 has an end face portion 32 facing the first flange 14a and having a plurality of fixing holes 32a which are through holes (see Figures 18 and 25). The first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 and the bracket portion 31b of the support part 30 are fixed by the plurality of fixing members 40 inserted through the plurality of vertical beam holes 14d and the plurality of fixing holes 32a.

[0134] The first flange 14a may have a plurality of vertical beam holes 14d, which may be through holes or non-through holes (see Figure 17). In addition, the bracket portion 31b of the plurality of support portions 30 has an end face portion 32 facing the first flange 14a and provided with a plurality of projections 32b that are formed in a protruding shape (see Figures 20 and 25). The plurality of support portions 30 are positioned by inserting the plurality of projections 32b of the bracket portion 31b into the plurality of vertical beam holes 14d.

[0135] In addition, in the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2, the bracket portion 31b of the support portion 30 and the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 may be fixed by welding instead of by the fixing member 40.

[0136] [Effects of earth retaining structure 200] Of the multiple support parts 30, one or more support parts 30 have a long support body part 31a and bracket parts 31b attached to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the support body part 31a. The bracket parts 31b are positioned between one or more vertical beams 14 and the support body part 31a so as to connect one or more vertical beams 14 and the support body part 31a, and are fixed to one or more vertical beams 14 and the support body part 31a.

[0137] The retaining wall structure 200 has a bracket portion 31b on the support portion 30, which allows the necessary angle between the retaining wall panel 100 and the support body portion 31a to be defined when viewed in the axial direction of the retaining wall structure 200. Furthermore, because the angle between the retaining wall panel 100 and the support body portion 31a can be defined by the bracket portion 31b, the retaining wall structure 200 can select a support body portion 31a of an appropriate length.

[0138] Furthermore, the support body portion 31a and the bracket portion 31b are fixed by a plurality of connecting members 50 inserted through a plurality of body holes 31a11 and a plurality of bracket holes 31b11. Since the support portion 30 is composed of a support body portion 31a and a bracket portion 31b, a bracket portion 31b with a different angle between the bracket end face portion 31b1 and the end face portion 32 can be selectively used depending on the size of the earth retaining structure 200, for example.

[0139] Furthermore, since the support portion 30 is composed of a support body portion 31a and a bracket portion 31b, support body portions 31a of different lengths can be selectively used depending on the size of the earth retaining structure 200, for example. In other words, the combination of the bracket portion 31b and the support body portion 31a can be changed depending on the size of the earth retaining structure 200 or its installation condition.

[0140] Furthermore, in the earth retaining structure 200, the bracket portions 31b of the multiple support portions 30 are fixed to the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14. With this configuration, the earth retaining structure 200 becomes easier to fix the support portions 30 to the vertical beam 14, improving work efficiency.

[0141] Furthermore, the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 has multiple vertical beam holes 14d, which are through holes. The bracket portions 31b of the multiple support portions 30 face the first flange 14a and have end faces 32 with multiple fixing holes 32a, which are through holes. The first flange 14a and the bracket portions 31b are fixed by multiple fixing members 40 inserted through the multiple vertical beam holes 14d and the multiple fixing holes 32a. With this configuration, the earth retaining structure 200 becomes easier to fix between the vertical beam 14 and the support portions 30, improving workability.

[0142] Furthermore, the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 has a plurality of vertical beam holes 14d, which are either through holes or non-through holes. The bracket portions 31b of the plurality of support portions 30 have end faces 32 that face the first flange 14a of the vertical beam 14 and are provided with a plurality of projections 32b that are formed in a protruding shape. The support portions 30 are positioned by inserting the plurality of projections 32b of the bracket portions 31b into the plurality of vertical beam holes 14d. With this configuration, the earth retaining structure 200 makes it easy to position the support portions 30 relative to the vertical beam 14. Also, with this configuration, the earth retaining structure 200 makes it easy to temporarily fix the support portions 30 relative to the vertical beam 14, and the workability of welding and fixing the vertical beam 14 and the support portions 30 is improved compared to the case without this configuration. In addition, since the vertical beam 14 is built into the earth retaining panel 100, the earth retaining structure 200 can have a wider internal space by the length of the vertical beam 14 compared to the construction of a normal vertical beam 14. Furthermore, since the vertical beams 14 are built into the retaining wall panels 100, the retaining wall structure 200 can secure internal space and minimize the amount of excavation required.

[0143] Furthermore, the retaining wall structure 200 may be fixed, for example, by welding the bracket portions 31b of the multiple support portions 30 to the first flange 14a. With this configuration, the retaining wall structure 200 can ensure the strength of the structure 201 by having the support portions 30, and therefore the wall thickness of the structure 201 can be reduced compared to a retaining wall structure that does not have beam-like structures such as support portions 30.

[0144] Furthermore, since the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 2 has a support portion 30, it can exhibit the same effects as the earth retaining structure 200 according to Embodiment 1.

[0145] The configurations shown in the above embodiments are examples only, and can be combined with other known technologies. Furthermore, parts of the configuration can be omitted or modified without departing from the spirit of the invention. Each of the above embodiments 1 and 2 can be implemented in combination with each other.

[0146] The earth retaining structure 200 described above may also include combinations of the features shown in the following appendices 1 to 14. These combinations are shown below. [Note 1] A retaining structure constructed by arranging one or more cylindrical structures along the axis of the hole in an excavation hole formed by excavating the ground, The aforementioned structure of one or more stages, The structure comprises multiple retaining panels that constitute the wall surface of the one or more layers, and the multiple retaining panels are arranged such that they form a hollow rectangular shape when viewed in the direction of the hole axis. Each of the aforementioned multiple earth retaining panels is A plate-shaped skin plate facing the wall surface of the aforementioned borehole, A flat plate-shaped upper main girder is provided at the upper end of the skin plate and forms the upper surface, A flat plate-shaped lower main girder is provided at the lower end of the skin plate and forms the lower surface, A pair of joint plates provided at both the left and right ends of the skin plate to form the left and right sides, It has, The aforementioned structure of one or more stages, The structure has multiple support parts that support the multiple earth retaining panels from the inner circumference side of the one or more layers, Of the aforementioned multiple retaining panels, two or more retaining panels are: The system has one or more vertical beams to which the aforementioned multiple support parts are attached, The one or more vertical beams mentioned above are It is provided inside the earth retaining panel surrounded by the skin plate, the upper main girder and the lower main girder, and the pair of joint plates, and extends vertically to support the upper main girder and the lower main girder, Each of the aforementioned plurality of support parts is A retaining structure provided at the corner of the rectangular structure of one or more layers, attached to one or more vertical beams of the plurality of retaining panels that constitute two adjacent sides of the structure of one or more layers, and extending diagonally with respect to the two adjacent sides of the structure of one or more layers when viewed in the direction of the hole axis. [Note 2] In the corner portion of the one or more-tiered structure, The earth retaining structure described in Appendix 1, wherein two or more of the aforementioned multiple support parts are arranged so as to be parallel to each other. [Note 3] The aforementioned multiple earth retaining panels are An upper main girder reinforcing member is provided between the upper main girder and one or more vertical beams to reinforce the upper main girder, A lower main girder reinforcing member is provided between the lower main girder and one or more vertical beams to reinforce the lower main girder, A retaining structure as described in Appendix 1 or 2, further comprising the above. [Note 4] The one or more vertical beams mentioned above are The web is a plate-like portion that extends in the vertical direction, A first flange is a plate-shaped portion that extends vertically and is provided at one end of the web in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction of the web, It has, Each of the multiple support parts has both ends, A retaining structure described in any one of the appendices 1 to 3, fixed to the first flange. [Note 5] The one or more vertical beams mentioned above are The earth retaining structure according to Appendix 4, further comprising a plate-like portion extending vertically at the other end of the web in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction of the web, the plate-like portion having a second flange positioned opposite the skin plate. [Note 6] The system further comprises one or more vertical beams and a plurality of fixing members for fixing the plurality of support parts, The first flange has a plurality of vertical beam holes, which are through holes. The aforementioned plurality of support parts are It has an end face portion facing the first flange, and having a plurality of fixing holes which are through holes formed therein, The first flange and the end face portion are The earth retaining structure according to Appendix 4 or 5, which is fixed by the plurality of fixing members inserted through the plurality of vertical beam holes and the plurality of fixing holes. [Note 7] The first flange has a plurality of vertical beam holes, which are through holes or non-through holes. The aforementioned plurality of support parts are It has an end face portion facing the first flange and provided with a plurality of projections formed in a protruding shape, The aforementioned plurality of support parts are The earth retaining structure according to Appendix 4 or 5, wherein the plurality of protrusions are positioned by being inserted into the plurality of vertical beam holes. [Note 8] The earth retaining structure according to any one of the appendices 1 to 7, wherein both ends of each of the plurality of support parts and the first flange are fixed by welding. [Note 9] Of the plurality of support parts, one or more support parts are A long support body, Bracket portions attached to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the support body, It has, The aforementioned bracket portion is A retaining structure according to any one of the appendices 1 to 3, which is positioned between the one or more vertical beams and the support body so as to connect the one or more vertical beams and the support body, and is fixed to the one or more vertical beams and the support body. [Note 10] The one or more support parts are, The support body and the bracket portion are further provided with a plurality of connecting members for fixing them together. The aforementioned support body is It has a main body end face portion facing the bracket portion, and having a plurality of main body holes which are through holes formed therein, The aforementioned bracket portion is The bracket end face portion has a bracket end face portion facing the main body end face portion and having a plurality of bracket holes, which are through holes, formed therein. The support body and the bracket are, The earth retaining structure according to Appendix 9, which is fixed by the plurality of connecting members inserted through the plurality of main body holes and the plurality of bracket holes. [Note 11] The one or more vertical beams mentioned above are The web is a plate-like portion that extends in the vertical direction, A first flange is a plate-shaped portion that extends vertically and is provided at one end of the web in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction of the web, It has, The aforementioned bracket portion, The earth retaining structure described in Appendix 9 or 10, which is fixed to the first flange. [Note 12] The system further comprises one or more vertical beams and a plurality of fixing members for fixing the plurality of support parts, The first flange has a plurality of vertical beam holes, which are through holes. The aforementioned bracket portion is It has an end face portion facing the first flange, and having a plurality of fixing holes which are through holes formed therein, The first flange and the bracket portion are The earth retaining structure described in Appendix 11, which is fixed by the plurality of fixing members inserted through the plurality of vertical beam holes and the plurality of fixing holes. [Note 13] The first flange has a plurality of vertical beam holes, which are through holes or non-through holes. The bracket portion of the plurality of support members is It has an end face portion facing the first flange and provided with a plurality of projections formed in a protruding shape, The aforementioned plurality of support parts are The earth retaining structure according to Appendix 11, wherein the plurality of protrusions of the bracket portion are positioned by being inserted into the plurality of vertical beam holes. [Note 14] The earth retaining structure described in Appendix 11, wherein the bracket portion and the first flange are fixed by welding. [Explanation of Symbols]

[0147] 10 Skin plate, 11 Main girder, 11a Connecting hole, 12 Joint plate, 12a Joint connecting hole, 13 Shape-retaining member, 14 Longitudinal beam, 14a First flange, 14b Second flange, 14c Web, 14d Longitudinal beam hole, 15 Main girder reinforcement, 15a Through hole, 15b Upper main girder reinforcement, 15c Lower main girder reinforcement, 30 Support part, 31 Main body part, 31a Support main body part, 31a1 Main body end face part, 31a11 Main body hole part, 31a2 First member, 31a3 Second member, 31b Bracket part, 31b1 Bracket end face part, 31b11 Bracket hole part, 31b2 Plate-shaped member, 32 End face part, 32a Fixing hole part, 32b Projection part, 40 Fixing member, 41 Bolt, 42 Nut, 50 Connecting member, 51 bolt, 52 nut, 100 earth retaining panel, 100A earth retaining panel, 111 upper main girder, 112 lower main girder, 200 earth retaining structure, 201 structural body, 250 corner, 300 ground, 301 excavation hole, 303 wall surface, 400 grid, CD circumferential direction, X first direction, Y third direction, Z second direction.

Claims

1. A retaining structure constructed by arranging one or more cylindrical structures along the axis of the hole in an excavation hole formed by excavating the ground, The aforementioned structure of one or more stages is The structure comprises multiple retaining panels that constitute the wall surface of the one or more layers, and the multiple retaining panels are arranged so that they form a hollow rectangular shape when viewed in the direction of the hole axis. Each of the aforementioned multiple earth retaining panels is A plate-shaped skin plate facing the wall surface of the aforementioned borehole, A flat plate-shaped upper main girder is provided at the upper end of the skin plate and forms the upper surface, A flat plate-shaped lower main girder is provided at the lower end of the skin plate and forms the lower surface, A pair of joint plates provided at both the left and right ends of the skin plate to form the left and right sides, It has, The aforementioned structure of one or more stages is The structure has multiple support parts that support the multiple earth retaining panels from the inner circumference side of the one or more layers, Of the aforementioned multiple retaining panels, two or more retaining panels are: Having one or more vertical beams to which the aforementioned multiple support parts are attached, The one or more of the aforementioned vertical beams are It is provided inside the earth retaining panel surrounded by the skin plate, the upper main girder and the lower main girder, and the pair of joint plates, and extends vertically to support the upper main girder and the lower main girder, Each of the aforementioned plurality of support parts is A retaining structure provided at the corner of the rectangular structure of one or more layers, attached to one or more vertical beams of the plurality of retaining panels that constitute two adjacent sides of the structure of one or more layers, and extending diagonally with respect to the two adjacent sides of the structure of one or more layers when viewed in the direction of the hole axis.

2. In the corner portion of the one or more-tiered structure, The earth retaining structure according to claim 1, wherein two or more of the aforementioned plurality of support parts are provided so as to be parallel to each other.

3. The aforementioned multiple earth retaining panels are An upper main girder reinforcing member is provided between the upper main girder and one or more vertical beams to reinforce the upper main girder, A lower main girder reinforcing member is provided between the lower main girder and one or more vertical beams to reinforce the lower main girder, The earth retaining structure according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising the above.

4. The one or more of the aforementioned vertical beams are The web is a plate-like portion that extends in the vertical direction, A first flange is a plate-shaped portion that extends vertically and is provided at one end of the web in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction of the web, It has, Each of the multiple support parts has both ends, The earth retaining structure according to claim 1 or 2, which is fixed to the first flange.

5. The one or more of the aforementioned vertical beams are The earth retaining structure according to claim 4, further comprising a plate-like portion extending vertically at the other end of the web in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction of the web, the second flange being positioned opposite the skin plate.

6. The system further comprises one or more vertical beams and a plurality of fixing members for fixing the plurality of support parts, The first flange has a plurality of vertical beam holes which are through holes. The aforementioned plurality of support parts are It has an end face portion facing the first flange, and having a plurality of fixing holes which are through holes formed therein, The first flange and the end face portion are The earth retaining structure according to claim 4, which is fixed by the plurality of fixing members inserted through the plurality of vertical beam holes and the plurality of fixing holes.

7. The first flange has a plurality of vertical beam holes, which are through holes or non-through holes. The aforementioned plurality of support parts are It has an end face portion facing the first flange and provided with a plurality of projections formed in a protruding shape, The aforementioned plurality of support parts are The earth retaining structure according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of protrusions are positioned by being inserted into the plurality of vertical beam holes.

8. The earth retaining structure according to claim 4, wherein both ends of each of the plurality of support parts and the first flange are fixed by welding.

9. Of the plurality of support parts, one or more support parts are A long support body, Bracket portions attached to both ends in the longitudinal direction of the support body, It has, The aforementioned bracket portion is The earth retaining structure according to claim 1 or 2, which is positioned between the one or more vertical beams and the support body so as to connect the one or more vertical beams and the support body, and is fixed to the one or more vertical beams and the support body.

10. The one or more support parts are, The support body and the bracket portion are further provided with a plurality of connecting members for fixing them together. The aforementioned support body is It has a main body end face portion that faces the bracket portion and has a plurality of main body holes that are through holes formed therein, The aforementioned bracket portion is The bracket end face portion has a plurality of bracket holes, which are through holes, facing the main body end face portion, The support body and the bracket are, The earth retaining structure according to claim 9, which is fixed by the plurality of connecting members inserted through the plurality of main body holes and the plurality of bracket holes.

11. The one or more of the aforementioned vertical beams are The web is a plate-like portion that extends in the vertical direction, A first flange is a plate-shaped portion that extends vertically and is provided at one end of the web in a cross section perpendicular to the vertical direction of the web, It has, The aforementioned bracket portion, The earth retaining structure according to claim 9, which is fixed to the first flange.

12. The system further comprises one or more vertical beams and a plurality of fixing members for fixing the plurality of support parts, The first flange has a plurality of vertical beam holes which are through holes. The aforementioned bracket portion is It has an end face portion facing the first flange, and having a plurality of fixing holes which are through holes formed therein, The first flange and the bracket portion are The earth retaining structure according to claim 11, which is fixed by the plurality of fixing members inserted through the plurality of vertical beam holes and the plurality of fixing holes.

13. The first flange has a plurality of vertical beam holes, which are through holes or non-through holes. The bracket portion of the plurality of support members is It has an end face portion facing the first flange and provided with a plurality of projections formed in a protruding shape, The aforementioned plurality of support parts are The earth retaining structure according to claim 11, wherein the plurality of protrusions of the bracket portion are positioned by being inserted into the plurality of vertical beam holes.

14. The earth retaining structure according to claim 11, wherein the bracket portion and the first flange are fixed by welding.

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