Power generation equipment and strings

Abstract

The present invention provides a string and power generation device that can generate electricity through the vibration of the string, and that are both stretchable and durable. [Solution] A power generation device 1 according to one embodiment comprises a string 10 containing a viscoelastic permanent magnet elastomer, and a coil 2 that generates electricity by the vibration of the string 10.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a power generation device and a string.

Background Art

[0002] Non-Patent Document 1 describes an electric guitar that electrically detects the vibration of a string. The electric guitar includes a string made of a ferromagnetic material, a permanent magnet, and a coil having an iron core. The string is arranged such that the upper part of the iron core is located at a position several millimeters below the string, and the string is magnetized by the magnetic flux generated from the permanent magnet through the iron core. When the string vibrates and the distance between the string and the coil changes, electric power is generated due to the change in the magnitude of the magnetic flux passing through the coil.

Prior Art Documents

Non-Patent Documents

[0003]

Non-Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] The main object of the present disclosure is to provide a string and a power generation device that can generate electricity by the vibration of the string, are easy to stretch, and are difficult to break.

Means for Solving the Problems

[0005] (1) The power generation device according to the present disclosure includes a string containing a permanent magnet elastomer having viscoelasticity, and a coil that generates electric power by the vibration of the string. (( end ))(2) In the above (1), the permanent magnet elastomer may contain a urethane resin. (3) The string relating to this disclosure contains a viscoelastic permanent magnet elastomer and generates electricity in the coil by vibrating. [Effects of the Invention]

[0006] According to this disclosure, a string and power generation device are provided that can generate electricity through the vibration of the string, and that are stretchable and resistant to breakage. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0007] [Figure 1] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a power generation device and string according to an embodiment. [Figure 2] Figure 2 is a graph showing the voltage of the power generated by the power generator. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0008] Embodiments of this disclosure will be described below. However, this disclosure is not limited to embodiments. In this specification, numerical ranges indicated using "~" indicate a range that includes the numbers before and after "~" as the minimum and maximum values, respectively. In addition, in numerical ranges described in stages in this specification, the upper or lower limit of a numerical range in one stage may be replaced with the upper or lower limit of a numerical range in another stage. In addition, in numerical ranges described in this specification, the upper or lower limit of a numerical range may be replaced with the values ​​shown in the examples.

[0009] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a power generation device 1 as an example according to an embodiment. As shown in Figure 1, the power generation device 1 as an example comprises a ring-shaped coil 2, a string 10 aligned with the coil 2 along the axial direction D1, which is the direction in which the axis L of the coil 2 extends, a support and fixing device 11 for supporting and fixing the string 10, and power-using equipment 15. The string 10 extends, for example, above the coil 2 along the extending direction D2. For example, the shape of the cross-section when the string 10 is cut by a plane perpendicular to the direction in which the string 10 extends is circular. However, the shape of the cross-section may be elliptical or polygonal, and is not particularly limited. The string 10 is a permanent magnet having a north pole and a south pole. The arrangement of the north pole and south pole in the string 10 is not particularly limited.

[0010] The support and fixing device 11 has a fixing portion 12 to which the end of the string 10 is fixed, and a support portion 13 that supports the string 10 between the coil 2 and the fixing portion 12. For example, the support and fixing device 11 includes a plurality of fixing portions 12 and a plurality of support portions 13. The plurality of fixing portions 12 include a first fixing portion 12A and a second fixing portion 12B that sandwich the coil 2 and the support portion 13 along the extending direction D2. For example, the plurality of support portions 13 include a first support portion 13A and a second support portion 13B that sandwich the coil 2 along the extending direction D2.

[0011] The first fixed part 12A, the first support part 13A, the coil 2, the second support part 13B, and the second fixed part 12B are arranged in this order along the extending direction D2. For example, the chord 10 extends diagonally upward from the fixed part 12 toward the support part 13. The height of the position 13b where the support part 13 supports the chord 10 is higher than the height of the coil 2 (length in the axial direction D1). The distance between the chord 10 and the coil 2 extending along the extending direction D2 between the pair of support parts 13 (height of the chord 10 relative to the coil 2) is, for example, 0.01 (mm) or more and 300 (mm) or less. For example, the thickness of the chord 10 is 0.5 (mm) or more and 10 (mm) or less.

[0012] Coil 2 generates electricity when the string 10, which is a permanent magnet, vibrates at a position opposite to coil 2. The power generation device 1 is a vibration power generation device that generates electricity by the vibration of the string 10. As will be described later, since the string 10 has viscoelastic properties, when the string 10, which is a permanent magnet, vibrates at a position opposite to coil 2, electromagnetic induction occurs, causing an electric current to flow as the number of magnetic field lines passing through coil 2 increases. The vibration of the string 10 generates electromagnetic induction, which causes coil 2 to generate electricity. For example, the power generation device 1 may include a vibrating member that vibrates the string 10. In this case, the vibrating member may vibrate the string 10 automatically or periodically. However, the string 10 may also be vibrated by a finger, and the means of vibrating the string 10 are not particularly limited.

[0013] The power-consuming device 15 uses the power generated by the coil 2. For example, the power-consuming device 15 is a capacitor. In this case, power is stored in the power-consuming device 15. For example, the power-consuming device 15 may be a sensor that operates by receiving power. As an example, the power-consuming device 15 may be a temperature sensor or a humidity sensor. Thus, the type of power-consuming device 15 can be changed as appropriate.

[0014] Next, the string 10 according to this embodiment will be described. The string 10 includes a viscoelastic permanent magnet elastomer. The viscoelasticity of the string 10 will be described. The Young's modulus of the string 10 is, for example, 0.1 or more and 500 or less.

[0015] The permanent magnet elastomer of string 10 has magneto-viscoelastic properties. The permanent magnet elastomer includes, for example, a silicone gel and ferromagnetic fine particles. The silicone gel has viscoelastic properties, and the ferromagnetic fine particles have magnetism. However, in order to make string 10 stretchable and less prone to breakage, string 10 may contain a urethane resin instead of the silicone gel. String 10 may also contain a curable composition. As an example, the curable composition may contain a urethane prepolymer having isocyanate groups as terminal groups (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "component (A)") and magnetic powder (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "component (B)").

[0016] (A) Component: Urethane prepolymer Component (A) may be a reaction product of a polyol (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "component (A1)") and a polyisocyanate (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "component (A2)"). That is, component (A) may have a polymerization chain containing constituent units derived from component (A1) and constituent units derived from component (A2). Component (A) undergoes molecular weight increase or crosslinking through the reaction of component (A1) and component (A2). Furthermore, if component (A) has an isocyanate group at its terminus, it may undergo further molecular weight increase or crosslinking through reaction with moisture (moisture in the air or on the substrate in contact), potentially forming a cured product of a curable composition.

[0017] Component (A) is obtained by reacting component (A1) and component (A2). In component (A), the content of constituent units derived from component (A1) and the content of constituent units derived from component (A2) correspond to the amount of component (A1) and component (A2) that provide each constituent unit, and the content of constituent units can be adjusted by adjusting these amounts. Furthermore, since urethane bonds are formed by the reaction of component (A1) and component (A2), the polymerization chain in component (A) may have urethane bonds. In addition, isocyanate groups can be introduced to the ends of the polymerization chain by increasing the equivalent ratio of isocyanate groups of component (A2) to hydroxyl groups of component (A1). Component (A) may be used by isolating the reaction product of component (A1) and component (A2), or the reaction product in the reaction system may be used as is without isolation.

[0018] (A1) Examples of components include polyester polyols, polyether polyols, polyether ester polyols, polyurethane polyols, polycarbonate polyols, and polyolefin polyols.

[0019] (Component (A1) may contain, for example, a polyester polyol. The polyester polyol may be a polycondensation reaction product of a polyhydric alcohol and a polyvalent carboxylic acid, or may be a polycondensation reaction product of a dihydric alcohol and a dicarboxylic acid.)

[0020] Examples of the polyhydric alcohol include ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, isomers of butanediol, isomers of pentanediol, isomers of hexanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2-methylpropanediol, 2,4,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,6-hexanediol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, triethylene glycol (some of the carbon atoms such as -CH2- (methylene group) may be substituted with an oxygen atom -O-), aliphatic dihydric alcohols; alicyclic dihydric alcohols such as 1,4-cyclohexanediol and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol; dihydric alcohols (dihydric alcohols having an aromatic ring) such as 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylpropane, bisphenol A, bisphenol F, pyrocatechol, resorcinol, and hydroquinone, etc.)

[0021] Examples of the polyvalent carboxylic acid include aromatic polyvalent carboxylic acids (polyvalent carboxylic acids having an aromatic ring) such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, and 1,2,4-benzenetricarboxylic acid; aliphatic polyvalent carboxylic acids such as maleic acid, fumaric acid, aconitic acid, 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, azelaic acid, and sebacic acid; alicyclic polyvalent carboxylic acids such as cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid and 1,4-cyclohexadiene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, etc. Instead of the polyvalent carboxylic acid, polyvalent carboxylic acid derivatives such as carboxylic acid anhydrides and compounds in which a part of the carboxyl group is esterified can also be used.)

[0022] (Component (A1) may contain, for example, polyether polyol. Examples of polyether polyol include polyethylene glycol (PEG), polypropylene glycol (PPG), ethylene oxide / propylene oxide copolymer, polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG), sorbitol - based polyol, etc.)

[0023] (Examples of component (A2) include aromatic polyisocyanate in which an isocyanate group is bonded to an aromatic hydrocarbon, aliphatic polyisocyanate in which an isocyanate group is bonded to an aliphatic hydrocarbon, alicyclic polyisocyanate in which an isocyanate group is bonded to an alicyclic hydrocarbon, etc. Component (A2) may be a multimer of aromatic polyisocyanate, aliphatic polyisocyanate, alicyclic polyisocyanate, etc.)

[0024] Examples of aromatic polyisocyanate include 1,3 - or 1,4 - phenylene diisocyanate, 2,4 - or 2,6 - tolylene diisocyanate, 2,4’ - or 4,4’ - diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 4,4’ - diisocyanatobiphenyl, 3,3’ - dimethyl - 4,4’ - diisocyanatobiphenyl, 3,3’ - dimethyl - 4,4’ - diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 1,5 - naphthylene diisocyanate, 4,4’,4’’ - triphenylmethane triisocyanate, m - or p - isocyanatophenylsulfonyl isocyanate, m - or p - xylylene diisocyanate, α,α,α’,α’ - tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, etc.)

[0025] Examples of aliphatic polyisocyanates include ethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, dodecamethylene diisocyanate, 1,6,11-undecane diisocyanate, 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, lysine diisocyanate, 2,6-diisocyanatomethyl caproate, bis(2-isocyanatoethyl) fumarate, bis(2-isocyanatoethyl) carbonate, and 2-isocyanatoethyl-2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate.

[0026] Examples of alicyclic polyisocyanates include isophorone diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, cyclohexylene diisocyanate, methylcyclohexylene diisocyanate, bis(2-isocyanatoethyl)-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylate, and 2,5- or 2,6-norbornane diisocyanate.

[0027] When reacting component (A1) and component (A2) to obtain component (A), a catalyst for urethane prepolymer formation (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "component (A3)") may be used as necessary. Component (A3) can be any known catalyst that promotes the urethane formation reaction or the urea formation reaction.

[0028] The content of component (A3) is adjusted as appropriate according to the types of components (A1) and (A2). The content of component (A3) may be, for example, 0.001 to 5% by mass, 0.005 to 1% by mass, or 0.01 to 0.1% by mass relative to the total amount of components (A1) and (A2).

[0029] Component (A) can be obtained by reacting component (A1) with component (A2) in the presence or absence of component (A3). The temperature and time for reacting component (A1) with component (A2) are not particularly limited, but may be, for example, room temperature to 130°C and 30 minutes to 72 hours.

[0030] The content of component (A) (the sum of components (A1), (A2), and (A3)) may be 1% by mass or more, 5% by mass or more, 10% by mass or more, 15% by mass or more, or 20% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the curable composition, and may also be 90% by mass or less, 80% by mass or less, 70% by mass or less, 60% by mass or less, 50% by mass or less, or 40% by mass or less.

[0031] (B) Component: Magnetic powder Component (B) is not particularly limited as long as it is a magnetic powder, and may be a soft magnetic powder or a hard magnetic powder. The metal of component (B) may be, for example, at least one metal selected from the group consisting of pure iron, Fe-Si alloys, Fe-Si-Al alloys (Sendust), Fe-Ni alloys (Permalloy), Fe-Cu-Ni alloys (Permalloy), Fe-Co alloys (Permendur), Fe-Cr alloys (stainless steel), Fe-Ni-Cr alloys (stainless steel), Fe-Cr-Si alloys (electromagnetic stainless steel), Fe-Ni-Mn-C alloys (Invar), Sm-Co alloys (rare earth magnets), Nd-Fe-B alloys (rare earth magnets), Sm-Fe-N alloys (rare earth magnets), Al-Ni-Co alloys (Alnico magnets), Ni-Zn alloys (ferrite), Ni-Zn-Cu alloys (ferrite), Mn-Zn alloys (ferrite), and salts containing iron oxide. The metal powder that is a soft magnetic powder may be amorphous. The metal powder that is a soft magnetic powder may be an Fe amorphous alloy. The metal powder that is a soft magnetic material may be at least one of amorphous iron powder and carbonyl iron powder. In addition, component (B) may contain multiple metal elements. For example, in addition to the above elements, the metal powder may further contain at least one element selected from the group consisting of base metal elements, noble metal elements, transition metal elements, and rare earth elements. The metal powder may contain, for example, at least one element selected from the group consisting of copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), aluminum (Al), tin (Sn), chromium (Cr), barium (Ba), strontium (Sr), lead (Pb), silver (Ag), oxygen (O), beryllium (Be), phosphorus (P), boron (B), and silicon (Si).

[0032] The average particle size of component (B) may be 1 μm or more, 3 μm or more, and may be 200 μm or less, 100 μm or less, 50 μm or less, or 30 μm or less. The average particle size refers to the median diameter (D50) in the volume-based particle size distribution. The average particle size of component (B) can be measured, for example, by laser diffraction scattering.

[0033] The content of component (B) may be 10% by mass or more, 20% by mass or more, 30% by mass or more, 40% by mass or more, 50% by mass or more, or 60% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the curable composition, and may also be 99% by mass or less, 95% by mass or less, 90% by mass or less, 85% by mass or less, or 80% by mass or less.

[0034] The curable composition may further contain other components as needed. Examples of other components include curing catalysts (catalysts to promote the reaction between component (A) and moisture), coupling agents, defoaming agents, nucleating agents, plasticizers, surfactants, flame retardants, fillers, photochromicants, thermal color inhibitors, imaging agents, thermal crosslinking agents, ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, dehydrating agents, anti-aging agents, antioxidants, antistatic agents, adhesion promoters, dispersants, solvents, pigments, dyes, fragrances, carbon black, etc. The content of other components may be 0.001% by mass or more, 0.01% by mass or more, 0.1% by mass or more, or 1% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the curable composition, or it may be 50% by mass or less, 30% by mass or less, 10% by mass or less, or 5% by mass or less.

[0035] The method for preparing the curable composition is not particularly limited as long as the desired curable composition can be obtained. For example, the curable composition can be obtained by a manufacturing method that includes the steps of: reacting component (A1) and component (A2) to synthesize component (A); and mixing the synthesized component (A) and component (B) to obtain a curable composition. The curable composition can also be obtained by a manufacturing method that includes, for example, mixing component (A1) and component (B) to obtain a mixture; and adding component (A2) to the obtained mixture and reacting it with component (A1) to synthesize component (A). Component (A3) and other components may be added at any stage as needed.

[0036] When synthesizing component (A), the temperature and time for reacting component (A1) and component (A2) are not particularly limited, but for example, they may be at room temperature to 140°C for 30 minutes to 72 hours.

[0037] [Cured product of a curable composition] The cured product of one embodiment is a cured product of a curable composition. The curable composition may be a cured product obtained by pre-mixing (B) with (A1) or (A2), or a cured product obtained by the reaction of unreacted isocyanate groups of component (A) with moisture (moisture in the air or on the surface of the adherend). For example, the conditions for curing the curable composition (curing conditions) may be, for example, 5 to 35°C and 30 to 60% RH (relative humidity) for 1 to 10 days. In this way, a cured product of the curable composition can be obtained. The curable composition has the advantage that a cured product can be obtained at low temperature and in a short period of time, and furthermore, does not require a heating device or a light irradiation device during curing.

[0038] The cured product of the curable composition may contain a urethane polymer having urea bonds formed by the reaction of component (A) with moisture in the air to increase its molecular weight. The urethane polymer may further have biuret bonds, allophanate bonds, etc., formed by the further reaction of urea bonds, urethane bonds and isicyanate groups. The cured product of such a curable composition containing a urethane polymer has excellent properties such as flexibility, stretchability, and bending characteristics, making it possible to mold it into any shape.

[0039] The string 10 may be made by curing the above-mentioned curable composition. For example, the method for manufacturing the string 10 may involve mixing (B) with (A1) or (A2) beforehand to obtain a cured product (A) component, which may then be molded into a tubular mold. If there is an isocyanate group at the end of component (A), the method includes the steps of melting the curable composition, applying the melted curable composition, and curing the curable composition to obtain the string 10. The temperature when melting the curable composition may be, for example, 60 to 130°C. The application method in the step of applying the magnetizable composition is not particularly limited, but examples include using an application device such as a bar coater, die coater, roll coater, spray, or dispenser. In summary, the string 10 has magnetism and tends to have excellent flexibility, stretchability, and bending properties. Therefore, it is possible to provide a string 10 and power generation device 1 that can generate electricity by the vibration of the string 10, and that is stretchable and resistant to breakage.

[0040] Embodiments of the power generation device and string according to this disclosure have been described above. However, the power generation device and string according to this disclosure are not limited to the embodiments described above, and may be modified within the scope of the gist described in the claims. That is, the configuration, shape, size, material, number, and arrangement of each part of the power generation device and string according to this disclosure can be appropriately changed within the scope of the gist described above.

[0041] (Examples) Next, an embodiment of the power generation device 1 will be described, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment. In the embodiment, an LED lighting test and a wireless transmission experiment were performed.

[0042] (LED lighting test) When an LED light source was connected in parallel to the coil 2 of the power generation device 1, and the string 10 of the power generation device 1 was vibrated, the electromotive force shown in the graph of Figure 2 was obtained. In the graph of Figure 2, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents voltage (in units of V). As shown in Figure 2, an electromotive force of 12V was obtained by vibrating the string 10. It was found that when the string 10 was pulled in the extension direction D2 and released, the light from the LED light source was weak (or did not light up), but when the string 10 was twisted while being plucked, the light from the LED light source could be strongly illuminated.

[0043] (Wireless transmission experiment) In the wireless transmission experiment, we confirmed whether it was possible to wirelessly transmit temperature and humidity data measured by a temperature and humidity sensor by storing the power generated by coil 2 in a capacitor. The string 10 of power generator 1 was plucked multiple times by hand, and the AC voltage was converted to DC voltage using a triple rectifier circuit, storing power in the capacitor. When the voltage reached 2.9V, temperature and humidity were sensed, and wireless transmission was performed at 30-second intervals. After plucking string 10 for about 60 seconds, the capacitor was filled and wireless transmission was performed. It was found that in the case of compression power generation, high-efficiency filling is possible due to 10Hz × 90 seconds. [Explanation of symbols]

[0044] 1...Power generation device, 2...Coil, 10...String, 11...Supporting and fixing device, 12...Fixing part, 12A...First fixing part, 12B...Second fixing part, 13...Support part, 13A...First support part, 13B...Second support part, 13b...Position, 15...Power using equipment, D1...Axis direction, D2...Extending direction, L...Axis line.

Claims

1. A string containing a viscoelastic permanent magnet elastomer, A coil that generates electricity through the vibration of the aforementioned string, Equipped with, A power generator.

2. The aforementioned permanent magnet elastomer contains urethane resin. The power generation apparatus according to claim 1.

3. A string containing a viscoelastic permanent magnet elastomer that generates electricity in a coil through vibration.

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