Tsunami shelter

Abstract

To provide tsunami shelters that can reliably protect evacuees from tsunamis caused by earthquakes. [Solution] A tsunami shelter 1 is constructed by forming a polyurea resin coating layer 3 over the entire surface of a polystyrene foam resin shelter base 2, which is formed into a box-shaped form with an open top surface, a predetermined depth, and a polygonal shape of pentagons or more in plan view. With this configuration, the strength performance is improved by forming the polyurea resin coating layer 3 over the entire surface of the shelter base 2, and because the shelter base 2 is a polygonal shape of pentagons or more in plan view, the floating movement of the tsunami shelter 1 is prevented by collision with obstacles during its floating movement, thereby ensuring the safety of evacuees boarding the tsunami shelter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a tsunami shelter for evacuating people when a tsunami is generated due to an earthquake.

Background Art

[0002] Various types of tsunami shelters of this kind have been proposed conventionally. When classified from the functional aspect, For example, as shown in Patent Document 1, it is composed of a structure fixedly installed on the ground. When a tsunami occurs, evacuees are accommodated and evacuated inside this tsunami shelter, and the evacuees are protected against the flow of the tsunami. This is a ground-fixed type of tsunami shelter. For example, as shown in Patent Document 2, it is installed above the ground or on the sea separated from the ground. When a tsunami occurs, a large number of evacuees are accommodated and evacuated inside it, and the evacuees are protected by floating on the sea along with the flow of the tsunami. It is roughly classified into a floating type of tsunami shelter.

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Patent Document 2

[0004]

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0005] Here, consider the disaster prevention requirements for tsunamis caused by earthquakes and the characteristics that a tsunami shelter should have.

[0006] (1) Disaster prevention requirements (a) Earthquake occurrence time Earthquakes and the resulting tsunamis can occur at any time of day, during the day or night, and during working hours or non-working hours. In other words, it is uncertain whether evacuees are in a position to take immediate evacuation action from their current location.

[0007] (b) Time of arrival of the tsunami The time between an earthquake and a tsunami reaching the coast is faster than one might imagine. For example, in the case of the Nankai Trough earthquake, which is expected to occur in the near future, the time from the tsunami's occurrence to its arrival at the coast in areas close to the epicenter is estimated to be 2 minutes in Shizuoka Prefecture, 3 minutes in Wakayama Prefecture, 4 minutes in Mie Prefecture, 5 minutes in Kochi Prefecture, and 7 minutes in Tokushima Prefecture. Even in areas far from the epicenter, the tsunami is expected to arrive in approximately 10 to 15 minutes. This indicates that there is often very little time to take evacuation actions to save lives after a tsunami strikes.

[0008] (2) Requirements that earthquake shelters should have The requirements that an earthquake shelter should meet include the ability for evacuees to reach a tsunami shelter in the shortest possible time after an earthquake and take refuge there. For example, (i) The tsunami shelter must be located near evacuees at all times, and the geographical requirements must be met such that evacuation to the tsunami shelter can be completed in a very short time upon the occurrence of a tsunami. (b) The tsunami shelter is lightweight and easy to handle, such that it can be set up in the evacuation shelter by a small number of people (for example, one or two people) from its storage location when a tsunami occurs. (h) Evacuees can be safely and easily accommodated in tsunami shelters. (ii) After evacuating to a tsunami shelter, the safety of the victims must be fully ensured. And so on.

[0009] (3) The adaptability of tsunami shelters shown in the above-mentioned patent documents during an earthquake. The tsunami shelter described in Patent Document 1 is a land-fixed type tsunami shelter. While there is no problem if the location of the tsunami shelter is very close to where the evacuees are, in reality, the location of the tsunami shelter is usually far away from where the evacuees are. Therefore, in order for evacuees to use this tsunami shelter, they would need to move from their current location to the shelter's location, and as a result, it is possible that evacuees may not be able to reach the tsunami shelter before the tsunami arrives. This can also happen if the tsunami occurs during a non-active time, such as while sleeping, or during working hours when it is difficult to immediately interrupt work.

[0010] (2) The tsunami shelter described in Patent Document 2 is a floating tsunami shelter, a large shelter that can be used by many people. However, because of its large size, it is generally difficult to keep it moored near tsunami shelter evacuees during normal times, and therefore it ends up being moored to facilities such as ports. As a result, if the location of the evacuees and the mooring location are far apart, the same problems as in (1) above are a concern. In addition, because the tsunami shelter is large, it takes time for many victims to be accommodated in the tsunami shelter, and as a result, there is a concern that in the worst case, it may not be possible to accommodate all evacuees in the tsunami shelter before the tsunami arrives.

[0011] Based on the above, it cannot be said that either the land-fixed tsunami shelter described in Patent Document 1 or the floating tsunami shelter described in Patent Document 2 is capable of fully achieving the original function of a tsunami shelter, which is to reliably move evacuees to the tsunami shelter before the arrival of a tsunami caused by an earthquake, and to house them there to protect them from tsunami damage.

[0012] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a tsunami shelter that can reliably protect evacuees from tsunamis caused by earthquakes. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] The tsunami shelter according to the first invention of this application is characterized in that a polyurea resin coating layer is formed on the entire surface of a shelter base made of expanded polystyrene resin, which is formed into a box shape with a predetermined depth and an open top surface, and whose plan view shape is a polygon with regular pentagons or more.

[0014] The tsunami shelter according to the second invention of the present application is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, an attached body is integrally provided with the shelter base, which is a box-shaped structure with an open top formed across the bottom wall and side wall of the shelter base and has a storage compartment inside, and a seat plate is provided on the upper surface of the attached body.

[0015] In the tsunami shelter according to the third invention of the present application, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that a resin coating layer made of polyurea resin is formed on the entire surface of the attached body and the entire surface of the seat plate.

[0016] The tsunami shelter according to the fourth invention of this application is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, 2, or 3, a plurality of through holes are provided at a position near the upper surface of the side wall of the shelter base, penetrating the side wall in an inward-outward direction.

[0017] The tsunami shelter according to the fifth invention of this application is characterized in that, according to claim 1, 2, or 3, the inner and outer edges of the upper end and the lower edge of the shelter base are chamfered.

[0018] The tsunami shelter according to the sixth invention of this application is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, 2, or 3, the coating layer provided on the entire surface of the shelter base is colored orange.

[0019] The tsunami shelter according to the seventh invention of this application is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, 2, or 3, a position information transmitter constituting a GPS positioning system is embedded and arranged within the side wall of the shelter base. [Effects of the Invention]

[0020] (a) In the tsunami shelter according to the first invention of the present application, a coating layer of polyurethane resin is formed on the entire surface of a styrofoam resin shelter base body formed in a box-shaped body having a predetermined depth with an open upper surface and a polygonal shape with a regular pentagon or more in plan view. Therefore, the following effects can be obtained.

[0021] (a-i) The tsunami shelter is configured by forming a coating layer of polyurethane resin on the entire surface of the shelter base body. This coating layer of polyurethane resin has extremely high impact resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, corrosion resistance, and high waterproofness. Therefore, the tsunami shelter with a coating layer of polyurethane resin has high impact resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, and corrosion resistance. For example, even if the tsunami shelter is washed away by a tsunami and collides with floating objects such as driftwood, it is hardly damaged, broken, deformed, etc. The form of the tsunami shelter is maintained, and the safety of the evacuees boarding the tsunami shelter is ensured.

[0022] (a-ii) Since the above shelter base body is a polygon with a pentagon or more in plan view, the size of each side surface of the shelter base body is smaller than, for example, when the shelter base body is a rectangle in plan view. As a result, the rigidity of each side surface, and thus the rigidity of the entire shelter base body, is high, and the durability and reliability of the tsunami shelter are improved.

[0023] (a-c) Since the shelter base is formed in a box shape with an open top surface, a predetermined depth, and a polygonal shape of a regular pentagon or more in plan view, if the tsunami shelter is carried away by the tsunami and floats, and the side walls of the shelter base collide with driftwood that is caught on an obstacle and stopped, or with a fixed obstacle (for example, a building, standing tree, etc.), thereby hindering its floating movement, each side wall of the shelter base will collide with the obstacle at an inclination that is not parallel to the tsunami flow, causing a rotational force to act on the shelter base with the collision point with the obstacle as the center of rotation, causing the shelter base to rotate, thereby releasing the obstruction of the shelter base's floating movement by the obstacle and restoring its floating movement, thus ensuring the safety of evacuees by the tsunami shelter. (The state of restoration of floating movement due to collision of the tsunami shelter with an obstacle will be described in detail later.)

[0024] (a-d) Since the shelter base constituting the tsunami shelter is made of expanded polystyrene resin, the tsunami shelter is extremely lightweight, and as a result, the tsunami shelter has high buoyancy performance, and even if it is swept away and shaken by a tsunami, it maintains its floating state, and the safety of evacuees who board the tsunami shelter is ensured.

[0025] (a-e) The coating layer of the polyurea resin described above maintains the waterproofness of the shelter base, i.e., the waterproofness of the tsunami shelter, so that even if the tsunami shelter floats on the sea for a long time, its buoyancy performance will not be impaired, and the safety of evacuees who have taken refuge in the tsunami shelter will be guaranteed.

[0026] (a-f) The tsunami shelter described above is extremely lightweight, and for example, during normal times, it can be installed close to evacuees, while in the event of a tsunami, it can be moved from its installation location to a predetermined waiting area and installed there. For this reason, even if the location of an evacuation tower prepared in advance by an administrative agency is far from the evacuees' residence or daily living area, the time from the start of evacuation to the completion of evacuation is significantly reduced compared to a situation where evacuees have to spend time moving to the evacuation tower and then evacuating there. Even if the tsunami arrival time is as short as 10 minutes or less, evacuees can be sure to evacuate to the tsunami shelter.

[0027] (a-t) Furthermore, since the tsunami shelter is extremely lightweight, it is possible to install it in advance on the roof of an evacuation tower or on the roof of a high-rise evacuation building. In such cases, for example, if evacuees have evacuated to an evacuation tower or evacuation building, but the height of the tsunami is close to or higher than the height of the evacuation tower, they will not lose their escape route and be swept away by the tsunami, but will be able to transfer to the tsunami shelter installed on the roof of the evacuation tower and escape harm, thus improving the effectiveness of evacuation and rescue for evacuees. These are some of the extremely useful effects that can be achieved.

[0028] (b) According to the tsunami shelter of the second invention of the present application, in the invention of claim 1, an attachment is integrally provided with the shelter base, which is a box-shaped structure with an open top that spans the bottom wall and side wall of the shelter base and has a storage compartment inside, and a seat plate is provided on the top surface of the attachment, so that the following unique effects can be obtained.

[0029] (b-i) Evacuees who have taken refuge in the tsunami shelter can maintain a comfortable and stable posture for a long time by sitting on the seat of the attached structure, which helps maintain the evacuees' physical strength and increases their chances of being rescued, even if their evacuation life is prolonged.

[0030] (b) When evacuees sit on the seat plate of the attached structure, their posture is stabilized, and even if the tsunami shelter shakes or is subjected to an impact while it is floating, for example, it is prevented that evacuees will be thrown out of the tsunami shelter, thus ensuring safety in the evacuation state.

[0031] (b-c) Since the interior of the above-mentioned attached structure is a storage room, if supplies such as water and food are stored there, even if the floating state due to the tsunami continues for a long time, the health of evacuees can be maintained by using the above-mentioned supplies as needed, and the protective performance of evacuees will be enhanced. These and other extremely useful effects can be achieved.

[0032] (c) In the tsunami shelter according to the third invention of the present application, in the invention according to claim 2, a resin coating layer made of polyurea resin is formed on the entire surface of the attached body and the entire surface of the seat plate, thereby increasing the strength performance of the attached body and improving the reliability of the tsunami shelter in use as the stored material functions as a reinforcing material for the tsunami shelter.

[0033] (d) In addition to the effects described in (a), (b), or (c) above, the tsunami shelter according to the fourth invention of this application provides the following unique effects. That is, in this invention, since a plurality of through holes are provided near the upper surface of the side wall of the shelter base, penetrating the side wall in an inward and outward direction, the following effects are obtained.

[0034] (d-i) By using the above-mentioned through-hole as a hooking point for lifting equipment such as cranes, it becomes easier to change the orientation of the tsunami shelter and change its installation location.

[0035] (d-b) The above-mentioned through-holes are used as attachment points for gripping ropes. For example, if the gripping ropes are attached so as to go around the entire circumference of the tsunami shelter, evacuees who have taken refuge in the tsunami shelter can grasp the gripping ropes. This prevents, for example, the tsunami shelter from being thrown out of the shelter if it shakes or is struck by floating debris, thus ensuring the safety of the evacuees.

[0036] (e) In the tsunami shelter according to the fifth invention of the present application, chamfers are made to both the inner and outer edges of the upper end and the lower edge of the shelter base, so in addition to the effects described in (a), (b), or (c) above, the following unique effects can be obtained.

[0037] (e-i) Since the inner and outer edges of the upper end of the side wall of the shelter base are chamfered, when an evacuee steps over the side wall of the tsunami shelter to enter the evacuation waiting space inside during an evacuation in the event of a tsunami, the evacuee's movement becomes safer and smoother, improving the evacuee's protective performance.

[0038] (e-b) When moving the tsunami shelter along the road surface during evacuation, the lower edge of the shelter base will not collide with obstacles such as chamfered stones, thereby preventing its movement from being hindered. This will make the installation of the tsunami shelter during evacuation in the event of a tsunami easier.

[0039] (f) In addition to the effects described in (a), (b), or (c) above, the tsunami shelter according to the sixth invention of this application provides the following unique effects. Specifically, in this invention, the coating layer provided on the entire surface of the shelter base is colored orange, so for example, if the tsunami shelter is swept out to sea by a tsunami, it will be easier to find the tsunami shelter by those searching for it from the air or sea, enabling the early protection of evacuees.

[0040] (h) In addition to the effects described in (a), (b), or (c) above, the tsunami shelter according to the seventh invention of this application provides the following unique effects. Specifically, in this invention, a position information transmitter constituting a GPS positioning system is embedded within the side wall of the shelter base. In this case, since the polyurea resin coating layer has properties that allow electricity to easily pass through, when the tsunami shelter is floating on the ocean after being hit by a tsunami, position information is transmitted from the position information transmitter. This allows, for example, government agencies equipped with receivers or searchers from the air or sea to clearly determine the floating position of the tsunami shelter, enabling early detection of the tsunami shelter and early rescue of evacuees. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0041] [Figure 1] This is an overall perspective view of the shelter base that constitutes the tsunami shelter according to the first embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a plan view of the shelter base. [Figure 3] This is a cross-sectional view AA in Figure 2. [Figure 4] Figure 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part. [Figure 5] This is a plan view of a tsunami shelter in which a polyurea resin coating layer is formed over the entire outer surface of the shelter base described above. [Figure 6] This is an explanatory diagram of the obstacle avoidance mechanism of a tsunami shelter. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0042] The tsunami shelter 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 1 to 6.

[0043] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the tsunami shelter 1 according to the present invention consists of a shelter base 2 and a polyurea resin coating layer 3 provided on the entire surface of the shelter base 2.

[0044] The shelter base 2 described above is formed from expanded polystyrene resin into a box-like shape with a predetermined depth and an open top surface, and a polygonal shape in plan view that is a regular pentagon or more (in this embodiment, a regular hexagon).

[0045] Specifically, the structure is an integrated unit formed by bonding and fixing a base plate 21, which is made of expanded polystyrene resin in the shape of a regular hexagonal plate of a predetermined thickness, to six side walls 22 made of expanded polystyrene resin, which are erected on each side surrounding the base plate 21. Incidentally, in this embodiment, the thickness of the base plate 21 is 150 mm. The side walls 22 are set to a thickness of 100 mm, with a vertical dimension of 920 mm and a horizontal dimension of approximately 1300 mm. Therefore, the depth of the shelter base 2 is approximately 770 mm.

[0046] Furthermore, the hexagonal recess 23, enclosed by the base plate 21 and the six side walls 22, functions as an evacuation waiting space in the tsunami shelter 1 described later, with a volume of 4 m³. 3 It is estimated to be approximately 15 people in capacity.

[0047] Furthermore, the upper surface of the shelter base 2, that is, the upper end surface 22a of each side wall 22, has chamfered edges on both its inner and outer edges (see Figure 4). This chamfering eliminates the edges on the upper surface 22a of each wall portion 22 of the shelter base 2, allowing evacuees to safely and easily enter and exit the recess 23 (i.e., the evacuation waiting space) by climbing over the side wall 22 portion, as will be described later.

[0048] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the shelter base 2, that is, the peripheral edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate 21, is also chamfered around its entire circumference. This chamfering of the lower peripheral edge of the bottom plate 21 prevents obstacles such as stones from colliding with the lower edge of the tsunami shelter 1 (i.e., the shelter base 2) and hindering its movement when it is moved along the road surface during evacuation in the event of a tsunami, thereby making the installation of the tsunami shelter easier during evacuation in the event of a tsunami.

[0049] Furthermore, at the upper part of each side wall 22, multiple through holes 4 with an inner diameter of approximately 50-60 mm are formed at appropriate intervals (in this embodiment, three holes on each side wall 22), penetrating the side wall 22 in an inward-outward direction. These through holes 4 can be used, for example, as shown in Figure 4, as a hook for a crane lifting device 6, or as an attachment point for a gripping rope 5. In particular, by continuously passing the gripping rope 5 through each of these through holes 4, the gripping rope 5 can be wrapped around the rectangular recess 23. For example, by having evacuees who have taken refuge in the rectangular recess 23 grasp these gripping ropes 5, evacuees can be protected from the shaking of the tsunami shelter 1 or from the impact if the tsunami shelter 1 comes into contact with floating objects, thus ensuring safety during evacuation using the tsunami shelter 1.

[0050] On the other hand, at the corners between the inner surface 22c of each wall portion 22 of the shelter base 2 and the bottom plate 21, an attachment 8 is provided so as to straddle both. As will be described later, this attachment 8 functions as a chair or as a storage container for stockpiled goods 9 such as water. It comprises a front wall made of expanded polystyrene resin, erected in front of the wall portion 22 at a predetermined distance from each other, and side walls made of expanded polystyrene resin, erected to close both the left and right sides of the front wall. These three and the wall portion 22 are bonded together to form a main body 8a, and a lid 8b is attached to the upper surface of the main body 8a so as to be able to be opened and closed by a hinge.

[0051] As described above, each of the attached members 8 is provided in accordance with each of the wall portions 22, and the outer periphery of the recess 23 of the shelter base 2 is surrounded in an annular shape by these attached members 8, so that the outer periphery of the recess 23 of the shelter base 2 is provided with an annular chair body 12.

[0052] Therefore, as shown in Figure 4, the evacuee 10 who has taken refuge in the recess 23 of the tsunami shelter 1 can maintain a stable posture by sitting on the chair 12 and leaning their back against the inner surface 22c of the wall 22. For example, even if the tsunami shelter 1 shakes or is subjected to an impact while floating, the evacuee 10 will not be thrown out of the tsunami shelter, thus ensuring safety in the evacuation state. Of course, the evacuee 10 can also wait by sitting directly on the bottom wall 21 without sitting on the chair 12.

[0053] Furthermore, the interior of the attached structure 8 is a storage room 8c, and by opening the seat plate 8b, emergency supplies 9 such as water and food can be stored in the storage room 8c. By storing emergency supplies 9 in the storage room 8c in this way, even if the floating state due to a tsunami continues for a long time, the health of evacuees can be maintained by using the emergency supplies 9 as needed.

[0054] "Construction of Tsunami Shelter 1" As shown in Figure 5, the shelter base 2, configured as described above, has a polyurea resin coating layer 3 formed on its entire surface, including the attached body 8 and the through-hole 4. This polyurea resin coating surface layer 3 has extremely high impact resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, corrosion resistance, and high waterproofness. Therefore, the tsunami shelter 1 with this polyurea resin coating layer 3 has high impact resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, and corrosion resistance. For example, even if it is swept away by a tsunami and collides with floating objects such as driftwood, it will hardly be damaged, destroyed, or deformed, maintaining the shape of the tsunami shelter 1 and ensuring the safety of evacuees who board the tsunami shelter 1.

[0055] Furthermore, the aforementioned coating layer 3 is colored orange because it is the most visible color on the deep blue sea. In fact, the Japan Coast Guard's life buoys and life jackets are also colored orange. As a result, for example, if tsunami shelter 1 is swept away by a tsunami and floating offshore, it can be easily found by search aircraft, leading to an early rescue.

[0056] On the other hand, since the shelter base 2 that constitutes the tsunami shelter 1 is made of expanded polystyrene resin, the tsunami shelter 1 is extremely lightweight. As a result, the tsunami shelter 1 has high buoyancy performance and maintains its floating state even when swept away and shaken by a tsunami, ensuring the safety of evacuees who board the tsunami shelter 1.

[0057] Furthermore, the polyurea resin coating layer 3 maintains the waterproofness of the shelter base 2, i.e., the waterproofness of the tsunami shelter 1, so that even if the tsunami shelter 1 floats on the sea for a long time, its buoyancy performance will not be impaired, and the safety of evacuees who have taken refuge in the tsunami shelter 1 is guaranteed.

[0058] Because the tsunami shelter 1 is extremely lightweight, for example, during normal times, the tsunami shelter 1 can be temporarily placed near the evacuees 10, and in the event of a tsunami, it can be carried from its temporary location to a predetermined waiting area and set up. Therefore, compared to a case where the evacuees 10's residence or daily living location is far from the location of an evacuation tower prepared in advance by the government, and they have to spend time moving to the evacuation tower in the event of a tsunami, the time from the start of evacuation to completion of evacuation is significantly reduced, and even if the tsunami arrival time is as short as 10 minutes or less, the evacuees 10 can be sure to take refuge in the tsunami shelter 1.

[0059] Furthermore, because the tsunami shelter is extremely lightweight, it is possible to pre-install it on the rooftop of an evacuation tower or a high-rise evacuation building. In such cases, for example, if evacuees have evacuated to an evacuation tower or building, but the tsunami is close to or higher than the height of the tower, they can avoid being swept away by the tsunami and instead transfer to the tsunami shelter installed on the rooftop of the evacuation tower, thus improving the effectiveness of evacuation and rescue for evacuees.

[0060] "The effect of forming Tsunami Shelter 1 into a polygonal box shape in plan view." The primary reason for designing Tsunami Shelter 1 as a polygonal box shape in plan view is to prevent the worst-case scenario in which, while floating and moving on a tsunami, Tsunami Shelter 1 collides with obstacles such as buildings and trees, becoming immobilized, and in some cases, is overturned or severely damaged by the tsunami current, thus endangering the safety of evacuees taken inside.

[0061] In such cases, the most effective solution is to allow the tsunami shelter 1 to escape the state where its floating movement is hindered by obstacles. The most effective method for this is to use the tsunami flow to rotate and move the tsunami shelter 1 away from the obstacle. To achieve this, in this invention, the tsunami shelter 1 is formed in the shape of a polygonal box in plan view. This will be explained in detail below with reference to Figure 5.

[0062] Figure 6(a) shows a tsunami shelter 1 formed in the shape of a box with a rectangular (square) plan view. In this tsunami shelter 1, its side walls 2 and 3 float and move in an orientation that is approximately parallel to the tsunami flow. Here, for example, if an obstacle collides with position (a) or position (b) of side wall 1 on the forward side in the direction of movement and its floating movement is blocked, if the collision point is position (a), this collision point coincides with the center of gravity P of the tsunami shelter 1 on the tsunami flow. Therefore, the tsunami shelter 1 is not subjected to rotational action from the tsunami flow, and the state of blocked floating movement continues while maintaining the orientation at the time of collision.

[0063] Furthermore, if the collision point is at position (b), the tsunami shelter 1 will experience a rotational force in the rotational direction R due to the tsunami flow, as this collision point (b) is further laterally than the collision point (a). However, the restraining force from the tsunami flow acting on the left and right side walls 2 and 3 of the tsunami shelter 1 reduces the rotational force in the rotational direction R, and this does not result in a large enough rotation to move the tsunami shelter 1 away from the obstacle.

[0064] On the other hand, Figure 6(b) shows the case where the tsunami shelter 1 is formed in a polygonal box shape in plan view. Here, if an obstacle collides with the front side wall 1 of the tsunami shelter 1 at approximately the center in the width direction (a) and its floating movement is prevented, dynamic pressure from the tsunami flow (indicated by white arrows) is applied to the left and right rear side walls 4 and 5. Normally, the dynamic pressure on each side wall 4 and 5 would be balanced and no rotational action would occur in the tsunami shelter 1. However, since the dynamic pressure from the tsunami flow applied to each side wall 4 and 5 varies greatly depending on the changes in the flow state of the tsunami flow that change moment by moment, the tsunami shelter 1 rotates in the rotation direction R or rotation direction L, detaches from the obstacle and regains its floating movement.

[0065] As the point of collision with the obstacle changes from position (a) to position (b), position (c), and position (d), the rotational moment of the tsunami shelter 1 around the collision point gradually increases, further promoting the tsunami shelter 1's ability to detach from the obstacle.

[0066] In this way, by forming the tsunami shelter 1 into a box shape with polygons in plan view, the situation in which the tsunami shelter 1 is prevented from floating due to collisions with obstacles during its floating movement is more effectively eliminated, and the safety of evacuees housed inside the tsunami shelter 1 is ensured.

[0067] "others" (i) Claim 1 defines the form of the shelter base 2 as "a shelter base made of expanded polystyrene resin formed into a box shape with a predetermined depth and an open top surface, and a polygonal shape of a regular pentagon or more in plan view." In the above embodiment, "a shelter base with a regular hexagonal shape in plan view" is given as an example. However, other types of shelter bases can be appropriately selected within the scope described in Claim 1, such as "a shelter base with a regular pentagonal shape in plan view," "a shelter base with a regular heptagonal shape in plan view," or "a shelter base with a regular octagonal shape in plan view." However, from the viewpoint of releasing the obstruction of floating movement due to collision with an obstacle during the floating movement of the tsunami shelter 1 and restoring the floating movement state, it can be said that a "regular hexagonal shape in plan view" or a "regular octagonal shape in plan view" is preferable, as the plan view shape is perfectly symmetrical and has good left-right balance with respect to the dynamic pressure of the tsunami flow.

[0068] (b) Furthermore, although the invention is named "Tsunami Shelter" in this application, this does not mean that it can only be used to deal with tsunami disasters. Rather, it is a name that is tailored to a typical use, and for example, it can be applied without any problems to shelters used in river flood disasters. [Industrial applicability]

[0069] The tsunami shelter according to the present invention can be widely used in the disaster prevention industry. [Explanation of symbols]

[0070] 1. Tsunami shelter 2 ··Shelter base 3. Coating layer 4 ··Through hole 5 ··Grip rope 6 ··Lifting equipment 7 ··Evacuation waiting area 8 ··Attached body 9 ·Stock stock 10 · evacuee 11. Location Information Transmitter 12 ··Chair body 21 ··Bottom wall 22 · Side wall 23 ·· recessed

Claims

1. A tsunami shelter characterized by having a box-shaped structure made of expanded polystyrene resin, with an open top surface, a predetermined depth, and a polygonal shape of at least a regular pentagon in plan view, and a polyurea resin coating layer formed over the entire surface of this shelter base.

2. In claim 1, A tsunami shelter characterized in that an attached structure is integrally provided with the shelter base, the attached structure being a box-shaped structure with an open top that spans the bottom wall and side wall of the shelter base and has a storage compartment inside, and a seat plate is provided on the top surface of the attached structure.

3. In claim 2, A tsunami shelter characterized in that a resin coating layer made of polyurea resin is formed on the surface of the attached part and the entire surface of the seat plate.

4. In claim 1, 2, or 3, A tsunami shelter characterized in that multiple through-holes are provided near the upper surface of the side wall of the shelter base, penetrating the side wall in an inward and outward direction.

5. In claim 1, 2, or 3, A tsunami shelter characterized in that the inner and outer edges of the upper end and the lower edge of the shelter base described above are chamfered.

6. In claim 1, 2, or 3, A tsunami shelter characterized in that the coating layer provided on the entire surface of the shelter base is colored orange.

7. In claim 1, 2, or 3, A tsunami shelter characterized in that a GPS positioning system's location information transmitter is embedded within the side wall of the shelter base described above.

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