Manufacturing method for supercapacitor carbon materials

Abstract

This invention provides a method for manufacturing supercapacitor carbon materials that can improve safety during the preparation of supercapacitor carbon materials by inactivating highly flammable alkali metals into safe potassium carbonate. [Solution] The manufacturing method includes the steps of: (A) applying a first heat treatment to heavy oil to form a soft carbon precursor structure having a mesophase structure ratio exceeding 50%, a quinoline insoluble content of 95% to 98%, and a toluene insoluble content of 89% to 91%; (B) polishing and classifying the soft carbon precursor structure, then mixing it with an activator and an inactivator to form a mixture; (C) performing activation and carbonization treatments; (D) removing residual activator, neutralizing it by pickling and washing with water, and then drying it at 90°C for at least 16 hours to obtain an activated carbon material; and (E) applying a second heat treatment to the activated carbon material to form a supercapacitor carbon material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a supercapacitor carbon material.

Background Art

[0002] In recent years, each energy company has been aiming to increase the added value by reforming asphalt and tar into high-value carbon materials. For example, the applicant's prior application in the Republic of China (Taiwan Patent No. I656094B) discloses a method for manufacturing a porous carbon material, which involves subjecting isotropic asphalt to a first heat treatment, mixing treatment, activation and carbonization treatment, pickling treatment, a second heat treatment, etc. to form a porous carbon material.

[0003] By using an activator of an alkali metal hydroxide such as potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, the prior application can obtain a porous carbon material with a high specific surface area and a high capacitance value. It should be noted that the entire text of the prior application is incorporated herein by reference.

[0004] However, although an activator of an alkali metal compound can be used to endow the activated carbon material with a high specific surface area and a high capacitance value, it is necessary to process the alkali metal during the production process, and there is a risk of explosion if the processing is inappropriate.

[0005] For example, since potassium metal has very high reactivity, during the activation process, potassium hydroxide reacts with the carbon material, and precipitation of potassium metal is likely to occur. When the precipitated potassium metal comes into contact with moisture in the environment, situations such as ignition and explosion or burning are likely to occur. Therefore, there is still room for improvement in terms of safety when preparing the supercapacitor carbon material.

[0006] Supercapacitor carbon materials are suitable for the preparation of supercapacitors (also called electric double-layer capacitors) and possess high energy density. Generally, supercapacitors have a capacitance hundreds to thousands of times higher than conventional electrolytic capacitors, and those with an energy density of 10 Wh / kg or more are called supercapacitors.

[0007] Next, the inventors discovered that adding calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) or magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) as an inactivating agent and reacting it with an alkali metal deactivates the alkali metal into an alkali metal oxide. Taking potassium metal as an example, the deactivation reaction can be described as follows.

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[0008] First, reaction (1) shows that heating decomposes calcium hydroxide into calcium oxide and water. Next, reaction (2) shows that potassium metal reacts with calcium oxide to produce potassium oxide. Furthermore, reaction (3) shows that potassium oxide and carbon dioxide further form potassium carbonate. Finally, reaction (4) shows that calcium reacts with oxygen to form calcium oxide. This allows the highly flammable potassium metal to be deactivated into the safer potassium carbonate and calcium oxide.

[0009] Similarly, the same result can be obtained with magnesium hydroxide. The deactivation reaction is expressed as follows:

number

[0010] The main difference between the two is that the reactivity of magnesium oxide and potassium is greater than that of calcium oxide and potassium, so the deactivation effect can be achieved with the addition of a relatively small amount of magnesium hydroxide. Furthermore, the inventors have discovered that if too much deactivator is added, the specific surface area of ​​the carbon material decreases, so it is desirable to add magnesium hydroxide as the deactivator. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]

[0011] [Patent Document 1] Taiwan Patent No. I656094B Specification [Overview of the project] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]

[0012] One aspect of the present invention has been completed in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its objective is to provide a method for manufacturing supercapacitor carbon materials that improves safety when preparing supercapacitor carbon materials. [Means for solving the problem]

[0013] A method for producing a supercapacitor carbon material according to one aspect of the present invention includes the steps of: (A) forming a soft carbon precursor structure having a mesophase structure ratio of more than 50%, a quinoline insoluble content (QI value) of 95% to 98%, and a toluene insoluble content (TI value) of 89% to 91% by subjecting heavy oil to a first heat treatment; (B) polishing and classifying the soft carbon precursor structure, and then mixing it with an activator and a passivator to form a mixture; (C) performing activation and carbonization treatment on the mixture to form a carbonized component containing the remaining activator and deactivator; (D) performing a water wash treatment on the carbonized component to remove the remaining activator, removing the remaining activator with ethanol, neutralizing it by acid washing and water washing, and then drying it at 90°C for at least 16 hours to obtain an activated carbon material; and (E) performing a second heat treatment on the activated carbon material to form a supercapacitor carbon material.

[0014] In one embodiment, the temperature of the first heat treatment in step (A) is 460°C to 500°C, the treatment time is 4 hours or more, and the pressure is 2 atm to 3 atm.

[0015] In one embodiment, the polishing and classification in step (B) involves polishing and classifying the soft carbon precursor structure to a particle size of 2 mm to 3 mm, and using particles within this particle size range for mixing.

[0016] In one embodiment, the weight ratio of the activator to the deactivator in step (B) is 2 to 4:1.

[0017] In one embodiment, the weight ratio of the soft carbon precursor structure to the inactivator in step (B) is 1:0.5 to 2.

[0018] In one embodiment, the activator in step (B) is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, and the deactivator is calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide.

[0019] In one embodiment, the activation and carbonization treatment in the step (C) is carried out under nitrogen gas or argon gas, and the temperature is raised from 700 °C to 900 °C at a heating rate of 1 °C / min to 10 °C / min for activation and carbonization.

[0020] In one embodiment, the water washing time in the step (D) for removing the remaining activator is at least 1 hour. Further, in order to remove the remaining deactivator, ultrasonic vibration is carried out with ethanol having a concentration of 95% to 99% by volume for at least 1 hour. Subsequently, in order to further remove the remaining activator, pickling is carried out with sulfuric acid having a concentration of 1M and nitric acid having a concentration of 1M for at least 1 hour each, and finally the remaining acid is removed by water washing to make the pH value neutral.

[0021] In one embodiment, the second heat treatment in the step (E) is carried out under nitrogen gas or argon gas, and the temperature is raised to less than 1000 °C at a heating rate of 1 °C / min to 10 °C / min.

[0022] In one embodiment, the supercapacitor carbon material in the step (E) has a plurality of mesopores and a plurality of micropores, and the quantity of the mesopores: the quantity of the micropores is 1:3 to 8.

Advantages of the Invention

[0023] According to the present invention, by adding a deactivator, the easily ignitable potassium metal is inactivated into safe potassium carbonate, and the safety when preparing the supercapacitor carbon material can be improved.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] [Figure 1] It is a flowchart of the method for manufacturing the supercapacitor carbon material of the present invention. [Figure 2] It is a surface texture diagram of the mesophase structure of the soft carbon precursor structure of Preparation Example 1. [Figure 3]This is a surface microstructure diagram of the mesophase structure of the soft carbon precursor structure of Preparation Example 2. [Figure 4] This is a surface microstructure diagram of the mesophase structure of the soft carbon precursor structure of Preparation Example 3. [Figure 5] This is a surface microstructure diagram of the mesophase structure of the soft carbon precursor structure of Preparation Example 4. [Modes for carrying out the invention]

[0025] The methods for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to specific examples. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed herein. The present invention can be carried out based on other embodiments. Each detail herein can be modified and altered in various ways without departing from the spirit of the invention, taking into consideration different viewpoints and applications.

[0026] Unless otherwise stated in the text, the term "A to B" used in the specification and claims includes the meaning of "greater than or equal to A and less than or equal to B." For example, the term "10 to 40% by weight" includes the meaning of "10% by weight or more and 40% by weight or less."

[0027] First, refer to Figure 1. Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method for manufacturing the supercapacitor carbon material of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the method for manufacturing the supercapacitor carbon material of the present invention includes steps (A) to (E). Each step will be described in detail below.

[0028] [Process (A)] In step (A), heavy oil is subjected to a first heat treatment to form a soft carbon precursor structure (petroleum coke). This soft carbon precursor structure has a mesophase structure ratio greater than 50%, a quinoline insoluble content (QI value) between 95% and 98%, and a toluene insoluble content (TI value) between 89% and 91%. Specifically, in order to coke the heavy oil into a soft carbon precursor structure, the temperature of the first heat treatment is set to 460°C to 500°C, the treatment time to 4 hours or more, and the pressure to 2 atm to 3 atm. Alternatively, in step (A), the temperature may be raised to a predetermined temperature (e.g., 480°C) at a heating rate of 3°C / min to 10°C / min.

[0029] [Process (B)] In step (B), the soft carbon precursor structure obtained in step (A) is polished and classified, and then mixed with an activator and a deactivator to form a mixture. Polishing can be done using a high-pressure air polisher, impact plate polisher, blast polisher, etc., and classification can be done using a swirling airflow classifier, vibration classifier, etc., and there are no particular restrictions. Through the polishing and classification steps, the soft carbon precursor structure is reduced to particles with a particle size of 2 mm to 3 mm, and these particles are used in the subsequent mixing step. Mixing can be done using known dry or wet mixing methods. For example, the soft carbon precursor structure, activator and deactivator are placed in a 3-D mixer and mixed for at least 30 minutes.

[0030] (Activator) The activator can be one of those used in the preparation of conventional porous carbon materials. The activator may be used alone or in a mixture of multiple types. Examples of activators include, but are not limited to, alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, and alkali metal bicarbonates. Examples of alkali metal hydroxides include, but are not limited to, potassium hydroxide (KOH) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Examples of alkali metal carbonates include, but are not limited to, lithium carbonate (Li2CO3), sodium carbonate (NaCO3), and potassium carbonate (K2CO3). In this invention, it is desirable to use potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide as the activator. Furthermore, the amount of activator used can be in a weight ratio of 2 to 4:1 relative to the deactivator.

[0031] (deactivating agent) As described above, the present invention suppresses the oxidation-reduction (combustion) reaction of alkali metals in the activator by adding an inactivator. The inactivator can be any compound that can be decomposed into alkaline earth metals such as calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide, and is not particularly limited. Furthermore, by using an amount of inactivator in a weight ratio of 0.5 to 2:1 relative to the soft carbon precursor structure, the effect of inactivating alkali metals can be achieved, and a considerable specific surface area can be maintained in the resulting supercapacitor carbon material.

[0032] [Process (C)] In step (C), the mixture obtained in step (B) is subjected to activation and carbonization treatment to form carbonized components. These carbonized components contain residual activators and deactivators.

[0033] (Activation and carbonization treatment) In this activation and carbonization treatment, the mesophase structure is activated and carbonized, transforming it into a carbonized component. The treatment conditions for this activation and carbonization are preferably carried out under nitrogen gas conditions, with the temperature raised to 700°C to 900°C at a heating rate of 1°C / min to 10°C / min. Specifically, under a nitrogen gas environment, the temperature may be raised to 800°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min, and carbonization and activation may be performed for 1 hour.

[0034] [Process (D)] In step (D), the carbonized components obtained in step (C) are washed with water to remove any remaining activators, then with ethanol to remove any remaining deactivators. After that, the material is acid-washed and rinsed with water to neutralize it, and then dried at 90°C for at least 16 hours to obtain an activated carbon material. Specifically, in step (D), the water washing time is at least 1 hour to remove any remaining activators. Then, ultrasonic vibration is performed with ethanol at a concentration of 95% to 99% by volume for at least 1 hour to remove any remaining deactivators. Subsequently, the material is acid-washed with 1M sulfuric acid and 1M nitric acid for at least 1 hour each to remove any remaining activators. Finally, the material is rinsed with water to remove any remaining acid and to neutralize the pH value (pH=7.0).

[0035] [Process (E)] In step (E), the activated carbon material obtained in step (D) is subjected to a second heat treatment to form a supercapacitor carbon material. The second heat treatment corrects and restores the arrangement of the carbon layer structure in the activated carbon material, resulting in a more stable sp 2A structure can be formed. The second heat treatment is carried out under nitrogen or argon gas, with the temperature raised to less than 1000°C at a heating rate of 1°C / min to 10°C / min, and the treatment is carried out for more than one hour. Specifically, the second heat treatment removes functional groups (e.g., C=O, COOH, COH, COO, etc.) remaining on the surface of the activated carbon material by raising the temperature to 700°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min and treating for one hour. In addition, polishing and classification treatment may be carried out after drying in step (D) or before the second heat treatment in step (E). For example, polishing with a collision plate polishing machine and classification can be performed to obtain a supercapacitor carbon material of the desired size.

[0036] Furthermore, the obtained supercapacitor carbon material has a specific surface area of ​​approximately 1800 m². 2 Reaching over / g, preferably about 2000m 2 It reaches over / g. Furthermore, the supercapacitor carbon material has multiple mesopores and multiple micropores, and the ratio of mesopores to micropores is approximately 1:3 to 8.

[0037] [Examples] The present invention will be described in detail below through various examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples and comparative examples.

[0038] [Quinoline insoluble content (QI value, unit: wt%)] Measurements are performed according to the ASTM D7280-06 (2011) standard. For specific details, please refer to Taiwan Patent No. I656094B. Quinoline insoluble content = (weight of filter cake / weight of heavy oil) × 100%.

[0039] [Toluene-insoluble matter value (TI value, unit: wt%)] Measurements will be performed according to the ASTM D4312-95a (2010) standard. For specific details, please refer to Taiwan Patent No. I656094B.

[0040] [Measurement of mesophase structure] First, using a polarizing microscope (manufacturer: Nikon Polarizing Microscope; model number: Eclipse LV100POL), the soft carbon precursor structures of preparation examples 1 to 4 were observed and photographed, as shown in Figures 2 to 5. Next, the mesophase structure in the soft carbon precursor structures of preparation examples 1 to 4 was analyzed based on the standard test method of ASTM D4616-95 (2013), and the proportion of the mesophase structure was calculated. In Figures 2 to 5, the black areas represent in-phase structures, and the non-black areas represent mesophase structures.

[0041] [Specific surface area] We measured supercapacitor carbon materials using a nitrogen adsorption / desorption device (Manufacturer: Micromeritics Instrument Corp. USA; Model: ASAP 2020M). For specific details, please refer to Taiwan Patent No. I656094B.

[0042] [Total pore volume, number of micropores, number of mesopores] The parameters mentioned above can be measured using conventional methods; for specific details, please refer to Taiwan Patent No. I656094B. The ratio of micropores is (volume of micropores with a width of 2 nm or less / total pore volume) × 100%, and the ratio of mesopores is 100% - the ratio of micropores.

[0043] <Preparation of soft carbon precursor structures>

[0044] <Preparation Examples 1-4> As shown in Table 1 below, heavy oil was heated to 450°C, 550°C, 480°C, and 580°C respectively at a fixed pressure of 2-3 atm and a heating rate of 3-10°C / min, and maintained for 4 hours to form soft carbon precursor structures 1-4 of Preparation Examples 1-4. Furthermore, the ratio of mesophase structures (non-black areas) in soft carbon precursor structures 1-4 was calculated based on Figures 2 to 5. Figures 2 to 5 show the surface microstructure diagrams of the mesophase structures of soft carbon precursor structures 1-4 of Preparation Examples 1 to 4, respectively.

[0045] [Table 1]

[0046] As can be seen from Table 1 above, the heating ranges of Preparation Examples 1, 2, and 4 are not within the scope of this application. Therefore, a specific first heat treatment step was used to obtain soft carbon precursor structure 3, which has a mesophase structure ratio greater than 50%, a QI value between 95% and 98%, and a TI value between 89% and 91%. Next, the soft carbon precursor structure 3 was used to carry out subsequent examples and comparative examples.

[0047] [Example 1] Based on the above steps (B) to (E), the supercapacitor carbon material 1 of Example 1 is obtained. Specifically, 500g of soft carbon precursor structure with a particle size of 2mm to 3mm after polishing and classification, 2000g of activator (KOH) with an average particle size of 1mm to 10mm, and 750g of deactivator (Ca(OH)2) with an average particle size of 5μm to 8μm are placed in a 3-D mixer and mixed for at least 30 minutes. That is, the weight ratio of activator to deactivator is 2.67:1, and the weight ratio of soft carbon precursor structure to deactivator is 1:1.5. Subsequently, the temperature is raised to 800°C at a heating rate of 5°C / min, and carbonization and activation are carried out for 1 hour. After completion, the product is washed with water to remove most of the activating reagent. The washing time with water should be at least 1 hour. Furthermore, ultrasonic vibration is performed with ethanol at a concentration of 95% to 99% by volume for at least 1 hour to remove any remaining deactivator. Then, the material is acid-washed with 1M sulfuric acid and 1M nitric acid for at least 1 hour each to remove any remaining activator. After that, it is washed with water to remove any remaining acid, and after washing to pH=7.0, it is dried at 90°C for at least 16 hours to obtain the activated carbon material. Finally, the activated carbon material is subjected to a second heat treatment (heated to 700°C at a heating rate of 10°C / min in a nitrogen gas environment for 1 hour) to obtain the supercapacitor carbon material 1 of Example 1.

[0048] Next, the specific surface area, number of micropores, and number of mesopores were measured for supercapacitor carbon material 1 using the method described above, and the results are summarized in Table 2 below. Furthermore, no combustion reaction of the alkali metal activator occurred during the activation and carbonization process in Example 1.

[0049] [Example 2] Supercapacitor carbon material 2 of Example 2 was obtained by the same method as in Example 1, except that the amount of the deactivator (Ca(OH)2) was adjusted to 1000g, resulting in a weight ratio of activator to deactivator of 2:1 and a weight ratio of soft carbon precursor structure to deactivator of 1:2. Subsequently, the specific surface area, number of micropores, and number of mesopores were measured for supercapacitor carbon material 2 using the method described above, and the results are summarized in Table 2 below. Furthermore, no combustion reaction of the alkali metal of the activator occurred during the activation and carbonization process of Example 2.

[0050] [Comparative Example 1] Supercapacitor carbon material A of Comparative Example 1 was obtained by the same method as in Example 1, except that the amount of the deactivator (Ca(OH)2) was adjusted to 250g, resulting in a weight ratio of activator to deactivator of 8:1 and a weight ratio of soft carbon precursor structure to deactivator of 2:1. Subsequently, the specific surface area, number of micropores, and number of mesopores were measured for supercapacitor carbon material A using the method described above, and the results are summarized in Table 2 below. In addition, a combustion reaction of the alkali metal of the activator occurred during the activation and carbonization process of Comparative Example 1.

[0051] [Comparative Example 2] Supercapacitor carbon material B of Comparative Example 2 was obtained by the same method as in Example 1, except that the amount of the deactivator (Ca(OH)2) was adjusted to 500g, resulting in a weight ratio of activator to deactivator of 4:1 and a weight ratio of soft carbon precursor structure to deactivator of 1:1. Subsequently, the specific surface area, number of micropores, and number of mesopores were measured for supercapacitor carbon material B using the method described above, and the results are summarized in Table 2 below. In addition, a combustion reaction of the alkali metal of the activator occurred during the activation and carbonization process of Comparative Example 2.

[0052] [Example 3] Supercapacitor carbon material 3 of Example 3 was obtained by the same method as in Example 1, except that the deactivator was changed from Ca(OH)2 to Mg(OH)2. Subsequently, the specific surface area, number of micropores, and number of mesopores were measured for supercapacitor carbon material 3 using the method described above, and the results are summarized in Table 2 below. Furthermore, no combustion reaction of the alkali metal activator occurred during the activation and carbonization process of Example 3.

[0053] [Example 4] Except for adjusting the amount of the deactivator (Mg(OH)2) to 500g, which resulted in a weight ratio of activator to deactivator of 4:1 and a weight ratio of soft carbon precursor structure to deactivator of 1:1, the supercapacitor carbon material 4 of Example 4 was obtained by the same method as in Example 3. Subsequently, the specific surface area, number of micropores, and number of mesopores were measured for the supercapacitor carbon material 4 using the method described above, and the results are summarized in Table 2 below. Furthermore, no combustion reaction of the alkali metal of the activator occurred during the activation and carbonization process of Example 4.

[0054] [Example 5] Except for adjusting the amount of the deactivator (Mg(OH)2) to 1000g, which resulted in a weight ratio of activator to deactivator of 2:1 and a weight ratio of soft carbon precursor structure to deactivator of 1:2, the supercapacitor carbon material 5 of Example 5 was obtained by the same method as in Example 3. Subsequently, the specific surface area, number of micropores, and number of mesopores were measured for the supercapacitor carbon material 5 using the method described above, and the results are summarized in Table 2 below. Furthermore, no combustion reaction of the alkali metal of the activator occurred during the activation and carbonization process of Example 5.

[0055] [Comparative Example 3] A supercapacitor carbon material C of Comparative Example 3 was obtained by the same method as in Example 3, except that the amount of the deactivator (Mg(OH)2) was adjusted to 250g, resulting in a weight ratio of activator to deactivator of 8:1 and a weight ratio of soft carbon precursor structure to deactivator of 2:1. Subsequently, the specific surface area, number of micropores, and number of mesopores were measured for supercapacitor carbon material C using the method described above, and the results are summarized in Table 2 below. In addition, a combustion reaction of the alkali metal of the activator occurred during the activation and carbonization process of Comparative Example C.

[0056] [Table 2]

[0057] As can be seen from Table 2, in Examples 1 to 5, by adding a specific ratio of deactivator, the combustion reaction of the alkali metal of the activator during process (C) (activation and carbonization treatment) can be suppressed. Furthermore, the supercapacitor carbon materials obtained in Examples 3 to 5, which contain Mg(OH)2, can maintain a higher specific surface area than those obtained in Examples 1 to 2, which contain Ca(OH)2. This enhances the safety during the preparation of supercapacitor carbon materials and makes it easy to obtain supercapacitor carbon materials that combine high specific surface area and high capacity.

[0058] [Applications of supercapacitors] Based on the contents described in Taiwan Patent No. I656094B, the supercapacitor carbon materials of Examples 1 and 4 were manufactured into supercapacitor electrodes and supercapacitors, and their specific capacitance (unit: F / g) was measured. As a result of material property testing, it was confirmed that the supercapacitor carbon materials of Examples 1 and 4 of the present invention achieved specific capacitances of approximately 80 F / g and approximately 90 F / g, respectively, under high current (43.75 A / g) characteristics. Furthermore, it was confirmed that when both were operated under a power of 10,000 W / Kg, the energy density reached approximately 25 Wh / Kg, and when operated under a power of 50,000 W / Kg, the energy density reached approximately 15 Wh / Kg.

[0059] The preparation method of the present invention can inactivate flammable alkali metals into safe potassium carbonate, thereby improving safety during the preparation of supercapacitor carbon materials.

[0060] The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the claims. Embodiments obtained by appropriately combining the technical means disclosed in different embodiments are also included within the technical scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0061] A~E Process

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing supercapacitor carbon material, Step (A) involves subjecting heavy oil to a first heat treatment to form a soft carbon precursor structure having a mesophase structure ratio exceeding 50%, a quinoline insoluble content (QI value) of 95% to 98%, and a toluene insoluble content (TI value) of 89% to 91%. Step (B) involves polishing and classifying the soft carbon precursor structure, then mixing it with an activator and a deactivator to form a mixture. Step (C) involves performing activation and carbonization treatment on the mixture to form a carbonized component containing residual activators and deactivators, Step (D) involves performing a water wash on the carbonized component to remove any remaining activator, removing any remaining deactivator with ethanol, neutralizing the mixture with acid washing and water washing, and then drying it at 90°C for at least 16 hours to obtain an activated carbon material. Step (E) involves performing a second heat treatment on the activated carbon material to form a supercapacitor carbon material, A method for producing a supercapacitor carbon material, characterized by including the following:

2. A method for producing a supercapacitor carbon material according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (A), the temperature of the first heat treatment is 460°C to 500°C, the treatment time is 4 hours or more, and the pressure is 2 atm to 3 atm.

3. The method for producing a supercapacitor carbon material according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (B) above, the polishing and classification polishes and classifies the particle size of the soft carbon precursor structure to 2 mm to 3 mm, and uses particles within the particle size range for mixing.

4. A method for producing a supercapacitor carbon material according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (B), the weight ratio of the activator to the deactivator is 2 to 4:

1.

5. A method for producing a supercapacitor carbon material according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (B), the weight ratio of the soft carbon precursor structure to the inactivator is 1:0.5 to 2.

6. A method for producing a supercapacitor carbon material according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (B) above, the activator is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, and the deactivator is calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide.

7. The method for producing a supercapacitor carbon material according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (C) above, the activation and carbonization treatment is carried out under nitrogen gas or argon gas, and the temperature is raised to 700°C to 900°C at a heating rate of 1°C / min to 10°C / min to perform the activation and carbonization.

8. A method for producing a supercapacitor carbon material according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step (D) above, the water washing time for removing the remaining activator is at least 1 hour, ultrasonic vibration is performed for at least 1 hour with ethanol at a concentration of 95% to 99% by volume to remove the remaining deactivator, and then pickling is performed for at least 1 hour each with sulfuric acid at a concentration of 1 M and nitric acid at a concentration of 1 M to remove the remaining activator, and finally the remaining acid is removed by washing with water to neutralize the pH value.

9. The method for producing a supercapacitor carbon material according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (E), the second heat treatment is carried out under nitrogen gas or argon gas, and the temperature is raised to less than 1000°C at a heating rate of 1°C / min to 10°C / min.

10. The method for manufacturing a supercapacitor carbon material according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (E), the supercapacitor carbon material has a plurality of mesopores and a plurality of micropores, and the ratio of the number of mesopores to the number of micropores is 1:3 to 8.

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