Slope stabilization methods and slope stabilization structures
The use of wire ropes as horizontal beams connected to anchor materials and wire meshes via bearing plates addresses the high labor and cost issues of conventional methods, enhancing slope stabilization efficiency and constructability while promoting natural vegetation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- JP · JP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- RONTAI
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-09
AI Technical Summary
Conventional slope stabilization methods require significant labor, material transport, and construction costs due to the use of reinforcing bars, soil cement spraying, and extensive material usage, particularly in mountainous areas, and existing structures lack integration of reinforcing materials and wire meshes.
A slope stabilization method using wire ropes as horizontal beams, connected to anchor materials and wire meshes via bearing plates, eliminating the need for reinforcing bars and soil cement spraying, and reducing material usage by limiting wire rope placement to the horizontal direction.
This approach reduces construction costs and improves constructability by integrating anchor materials and wire meshes, allowing efficient load distribution and easy integration with vegetation, while minimizing material usage and avoiding obstacles like trees.
Smart Images
Figure 2026115799000001_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a slope stabilization method and a slope stabilization structure for stabilizing slopes and inclined surfaces.
Background Art
[0002] As a conventional method, a slope stabilization vegetation method is known from Patent Document 1 and the like, which is characterized in that a lattice frame is formed using one or several reinforcing bars on a slope, and a low-flow value soil cement is sprayed onto the lattice frame portion to form a lattice-shaped bulging frame body of an appropriate size with the soil cement, and vegetation is carried out inside the frame.
[0003] A slope stabilization structure is also known from Patent Document 2, which is characterized in that a reinforcing material is inserted into an inclined surface and a net is laid on the inclined surface, the head of the reinforcing material passes through the mesh of the net and a nut is screwed onto the head, a coil spring is disposed between the nut and the net and the head of the reinforcing material passes through the inside of the coil spring, the coil spring is in a compressed state, and the lower end side of the wire of the coil spring is hooked on the net.
[0004] Further, a slope countermeasure structure in which anchor materials are installed at intervals on an inclined surface includes the anchor material installed on the inclined surface, a sheet covering the surface layer of the inclined surface, and a strip-shaped slope material laid from above the sheet. The strip-shaped slope material is laid with a plurality of vertical strip-shaped slope materials extending in the up-and-down direction of the inclined surface and a plurality of horizontal strip-shaped slope materials extending in a direction intersecting with the vertical strip-shaped slope materials, and the head of the anchor material exposed on the ground penetrates through the intersection of the vertical and horizontal strip-shaped slope materials. A slope protection structure is known from Patent Document 3, characterized in that the head of the anchor material that penetrates both strip-shaped slope protection materials has an upper fixing plate and a lower fixing plate that are positioned above the sheet so as to sandwich the overlapping surface at the intersection of the two strip-shaped slope protection materials from above and below, and the upper fixing plate and the lower fixing plate are pressed against the slope in a state in which the two strip-shaped slope protection materials are integrally sandwiched and fixed by a tightening member attached to the head of the anchor material and a tightening member attached to the lower side of the anchor material below the lower fixing plate. [Prior art documents] [Patent Documents]
[0005] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 53-118805 [Patent Document 2] Patent No. 6132416 [Patent Document 3] Patent No. 6688660 [Overview of the Initiative] [Problems that the invention aims to solve]
[0006] However, the slope protection method described in Patent Document 1 has many problems, such as the work of placing reinforcing bars on the slope and the work of spraying soil cement discharged from a mechanical plant from a distance. In particular, when working in mountainous areas, much more labor and ingenuity are required for material transport, machine installation, and spraying distance from the machine, and many processes and time are required before mortar spraying and vegetation within the frame can be completed, resulting in high construction costs. The slope stabilization structure described in Patent Document 2 is a structure in which the reinforcing material and wire mesh are connected at points via coil springs, and it cannot be said that the reinforcing material and wire mesh are connected as a single unit. The slope protection structure described in Patent Document 3 merely involves fixing strip-shaped slope protection materials and anchor materials at their intersections, and since it is necessary to arrange the strip-shaped slope protection materials vertically and horizontally, a large amount of materials are used, resulting in high construction costs. [Means for solving the problem]
[0007] This invention was made to solve the above-mentioned problems and provides a new slope stabilization method and structure that is advantageous in terms of construction and cost compared to conventional slope protection methods, and has excellent strength characteristics, by using wire ropes as a horizontal beam structure and transmitting tightening force to the wire mesh via the wire ropes by tightening the bearing plates.
[0008] Specifically, one embodiment of the slope stabilization method according to the present invention is: A reinforcing material installation step involves installing anchor materials on a slope at predetermined intervals in the direction of the slope and in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the direction of the slope, The process involves installing vegetation mats on the aforementioned slope, and installing vegetation mats. The process involves installing a wire mesh on top of the aforementioned vegetation mat, and the wire mesh installation process. A wire rope installation step involves installing wire ropes horizontally in front of the inclined direction at intervals in the aforementioned inclined direction, A bearing plate fixing step, in which the wire rope is fixed to the anchor material, A connecting step involves connecting the wire rope and the wire mesh using a connector that is positioned along the wire rope so as to enclose the wire material constituting the wire mesh and the wire rope, Includes.
[0009] Furthermore, one embodiment of the slope stabilization structure according to the present invention is: Multiple anchor members are installed at predetermined intervals in the direction of the slope and in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the direction of the slope, The vegetation mat installed on the slope, A wire mesh is installed on the aforementioned vegetation mat, A wire rope arranged along the horizontal direction and connected to a plurality of anchor members arranged in the horizontal direction, The device includes a connector that is arranged along the wire rope and connects the wire mesh and the wire rope so as to enclose the wire material constituting the wire mesh and the wire rope.
[0010] In the above-described slope stabilization method and slope stabilization structure, a spiral coil is preferably used as the connecting device. [Effects of the Invention]
[0011] These slope stabilization methods and structures eliminate the need to place reinforcing bars on the slope and to spray soil cement discharged from a machine plant at a distance, thus significantly reducing the cost required to construct the slope stabilization structure. Furthermore, by installing wire ropes only in the horizontal direction, the wire ropes become a beam structure, and the anchor material and wire mesh become integrated, allowing the collapsed portion to be suppressed across the entire slope. Limiting the placement of wire ropes to the horizontal direction rather than vertically and horizontally reduces the amount of material used, improves constructability, and allows for efficient distribution of load only in the horizontal direction by linearly connecting the anchor material and wire mesh to the wire ropes via bearing plates. At the same time, another feature is that the horizontal orientation of the wire ropes makes it easy to avoid remaining trees. [Brief explanation of the drawing]
[0012] [Figure 1] This is an explanatory diagram illustrating the process of the slope stabilization method according to the present invention. [Figure 2] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the bearing plate used in the slope stabilization method connected to the anchor material and wire rope. [Figure 3] This is a plan view showing a part of the slope stabilization structure according to the present invention. [Figure 4] This figure shows a part of the slope stabilization structure according to the present invention, with trees avoiding it. [Modes for carrying out the invention]
[0013] The slope stabilization method and slope stabilization structure according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described below. FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a plurality of steps executed in the slope stabilization method according to the embodiment in order from left to right. Specifically, the slope stabilization method according to the embodiment includes a centering step, a hole drilling step, a reinforcing material installation step, a vegetation mat installation step, a wire mesh installation step, a wire rope installation step, a pressure plate installation step (wire rope fixing step), a connecting step (coupling coil attachment step), and a fixed anchor installation step. Each step will be described in order below.
[0014] Centering step Referring to FIG. 1, on the leveled slope 10 or the slope, the hole drilling positions are determined at predetermined intervals in the inclination direction X and the horizontal direction Y perpendicular to the inclination direction X. If there are obstructive trees, the placement position of the anchor material is changed to deal with it.
[0015] (2) Hole drilling step As shown in FIG. 1, at the location determined in the centering step, an anchor material insertion hole 11 (see FIG. 2) with a predetermined depth is formed. Specifically, using a hole drilling drill or a hole drilling hammer, a hole is drilled to a depth of 1 to 3 meters in a direction substantially perpendicular to the slope 10, with an interval of about 1 to 2 meters between the inclination direction and the horizontal direction of the slope. The holes 11 are preferably arranged in a grid pattern or a diagonal grid pattern with respect to the slope 10.
[0016] (3) Reinforcing material installation step As shown in FIG. 2, the drilled hole 11 is filled with a fixing material 12 for fixing the anchor material. As the fixing material, a cement capsule type fixing material for rock bolts (trade name C-Tite) manufactured by Nitto Kogyo Co., Ltd. is preferably used. The C-Tite fixing material is impregnated in water and absorbed, and then inserted into the drilled hole 11. Then, an anchor material 13 is inserted into the hole 11 into which the C-Tite has been inserted. Other fixing materials, such as cement-based mortar or cement milk, resin-based silica resin, polyester, or urethane, may also be used.
[0017] It is preferable to use threaded reinforcing steel bars for the anchor material 13. Self-drilling bolts can also be used. The anchor material 13 is inserted until the base portion (upper portion) protrudes approximately 10 to 15 centimeters from the ground surface.
[0018] (4) Vegetation mat installation process Returning to Figure 1, once the anchor material installation process is complete, the vegetation mat 14 is laid on the slope 10. The vegetation mat 14 is made by laminating sheets, such as paper or nonwoven fabric, and holding vegetation material (at least one of seeds, fertilizer, or soil conditioner) on the surface, back, or between the sheets. Generally, vegetation mats are supplied to the market in roll form. Therefore, the vegetation mat 14 is laid by rolling the vegetation mat roll 15 along the slope 10 from top to bottom.
[0019] (5) Wire mesh installation process Once the vegetation mat 14 has been laid, a wire mesh 16 is stretched over the vegetation mat 14 as a net. The wire mesh 16 can preferably be made of a mesh size of 26 to 56 millimeters, a wire diameter of φ2.0 to 5.0 millimeters, and a weight of 0.95 to 6.3 kilograms per square meter. These wire meshes are available on the market in rolls 17 or bundles. Therefore, the wire mesh 16 is laid by rolling the wire mesh rolls 17 along the slope, from the top to the bottom of the slope 10.
[0020] (6) Wire rope installation process Once the wire mesh 16 has been laid, wire ropes 17 are positioned horizontally in the Y direction along multiple anchor members 13. To avoid making the drawings too complex, the description of the wire mesh has been omitted from a portion of Figure 1 (the section explaining the process after the wire rope installation process). It is preferable to use relatively lightweight wire ropes 17 with a diameter of approximately 6 to 20 millimeters.
[0021] (7) Bearing plate installation process (wire rope fixing process) Once the wire rope installation process is complete, the bearing plate 18 is attached to the wire rope 17. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the bearing plate 18 is made of a square steel plate, for example, 20 centimeters in length and width and 5 to 10 millimeters in thickness. Hot-dip galvanized aluminum-magnesium alloy plated steel plate is preferably used. The bearing plate 18 has an anchor material insertion hole 19 formed in the center of the bearing plate 18, and a pair of U-bolt insertion holes 20 formed on both sides of the anchor material insertion hole 19. With the bearing plate 18 thus configured, as shown in Figure 2, the bearing plate 18 is placed on the wire rope 17, and U-bolts 21 are inserted into the U-bolt insertion holes 19 from below the wire rope 17, straddling the wire rope 17, and nuts 22 are screwed onto the threaded portion of the U-bolts 21 that protrude above the bearing plate 18. At this point, the nuts 22 are not fully tightened so that the bearing plate 18 can move along the wire rope 17. Next, the ground-protruding portion of the anchor material 13 is inserted through the anchor material insertion hole 19 of the bearing plate 18, and the nut 24 is screwed onto the ground-protruding portion of the anchor material via the washer 23. Subsequently, with appropriate tension applied to the wire rope 17, the nut 22 of the U-bolt 21 is temporarily tightened.
[0022] (8) Connection process (connection coil installation process) Next, the wire mesh 16 and the wire rope 17 are connected between adjacent bearing plates 18 using a connector. For example, a coupling coil (spiral coil) 25 is used as the connector. The coupling coil 25 is positioned along the wire rope 17 so as to enclose the wires that make up the wire mesh 16 and the wire rope 17. To strengthen the connection between the wire mesh and the wire rope, it is preferable that the coupling coil 25 extends over almost the entire length between adjacent bearing plates 18.
[0023] (9) Installation process of fixed anchors Confirm that there is no slack in the wire rope 17. If there is any unnecessary slack, apply tension to the wire rope 17 to further tighten it. If there is no slack in the wire rope 17, tighten the U-bolt 21 completely. Next, drive fixing anchors 26 into the slope 10 at predetermined horizontal intervals between adjacent bearing plates 18, and press the wire rope 17 against the ground surface with the fixing anchors 26. The fixing anchor 26 is made by bending one end (base end) of a metal rod into an L-shape or U-shape, driving the other end (end) into the slope 10, and hooking the wire rope 17 onto the L-shaped or U-shaped portion of the base end to hold it in place. Finally, if necessary, further tighten the nuts on the anchor material 13.
[0024] By carrying out the slope stabilization method including the above steps, a slope stabilization structure is constructed on the slope 10.
[0025] With this slope stabilization structure, the load from the soil attempting to move along the slope 10 is distributed to the wire rope 17 and wire mesh 16, and the distributed load is transmitted to the ground through the anchor material 13 and fixed anchor 26. As a result, the slope 10 is held stably without collapsing.
[0026] As shown in Figure 4, if there are trees 30 (standing trees or stumps) on the slope 10, it is possible to attach the wire rope 17 to the trees 30, thereby allowing the trees 30 to bear part of the load on the wire rope 17. This helps to stabilize the slope 10.
[0027] In the above-described embodiment, the wire rope 17 connecting the support plates 18 horizontally is a thin wire and does not have a large width like the concrete frame described in the background technology. Therefore, it does not hinder the growth of plants growing on the slope 10, enabling uniform greening of the entire slope and resulting in a natural vegetation landscape.
[0028] Furthermore, in this specification, the term "wire mesh" should be understood to include not only metal mesh made of woven metal wires, but also resin mesh made of resin processed into a grid, and mesh made of non-metallic fibers such as glass fibers or basalt fibers. [Explanation of Symbols]
[0029] 10: Slope 13: Anchor material 14: Vegetation mat 16: Wire mesh 17: Wire rope 18: Bearing plate 25: Connector (connecting coil)
Claims
1. A method for stabilizing a slope, A reinforcing material installation step involves installing anchor members (13) on the slope (10) at predetermined intervals in the direction of inclination (X) of the slope (10) and in the horizontal direction (Y) perpendicular to the direction of inclination (X), The process includes laying a vegetation mat (14) on the aforementioned slope (10), and installing a vegetation mat. A wire mesh installation step involves laying a wire mesh (16) on top of the vegetation mat (14), A wire rope installation step involves installing wire ropes (17) in the horizontal direction (Y) with spacing in the inclined direction (X), A wire rope fixing step, in which the wire rope (17) is fixed to the anchor material (13), A connecting step is to connect the wire rope (17) and the wire mesh (16) by arranging a connector (25) along the wire rope (17) so as to enclose the wire material constituting the net (16) and the wire rope (17), Slope stabilization methods including those mentioned.
2. The slope stabilization method according to claim 1, wherein the connecting member (25) is a helical coil.
3. A slope stabilization structure, Multiple anchor members (13) are installed at predetermined intervals in the direction of inclination (X) of the slope (10) and in the horizontal direction (Y) perpendicular to the direction of inclination (X), The vegetation mat (14) installed on the slope (10), A wire mesh (16) is installed on the aforementioned vegetation mat (14), A wire rope (17) is arranged along the horizontal direction (Y) and connected to a plurality of anchor members (13) arranged in the horizontal direction, A slope stabilization structure comprising a connector (25) that is arranged along the wire rope (17) and connects the wire mesh (16) and the wire rope (17) so as to enclose the wire members constituting the wire mesh (16) and the wire rope (17).
4. The slope stabilization structure according to claim 3, wherein the connecting member (25) is a helical coil.
5. The slope stabilization structure according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the wire mesh (16) is one of the following: a net made of metal wires, a resin net made of resin processed into a grid, or a net made of non-metallic fibers such as glass fibers or basalt fibers made into a grid.