Dust contamination cleaning system for thermal power plant boilers

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of dust cleaning technology and relates to a system for cleaning dust contamination in boilers at thermal power plants. The system includes a dust collection hood (sealed and installed at the dust leakage point of the boiler body), a vacuum pipe (one end connected to the dust collection hood and the other end connected to an ash box, with an inverter-type vacuum fan attached to the vacuum pipe), a filter plate (installed inside the dust collection hood to prevent large dust particles from entering the vacuum pipe), and a cleaning mechanism (installed inside the dust collection hood to periodically clean dust accumulated on the filter plate). The cleaning mechanism includes a monitoring and measurement unit and an execution unit for cleaning dust from the filter plate. The monitoring and measurement unit is movably installed inside the dust collection hood to monitor and measure dust concentrations on both sides of the filter plate in real time. The vacuum fan and execution unit are electrically connected to the monitoring and measurement unit for control. The monitoring and measurement unit can start and stop the execution unit and adjust the output of the vacuum fan based on the monitored and measured dust concentrations on both sides of the filter plate. According to the present invention, it is possible to clean dust around the boiler body with high efficiency and in an energy-saving manner.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of dust cleaning technology, and particularly relates to a system for cleaning dust contamination in a thermal power plant boiler. [Background technology]

[0002] When coal is burned in a boiler at a thermal power plant, a large amount of dust is generated. Most of this is processed by an electrostatic precipitator and sent to an ash box, but some dust remains without being sent to the ash box. Because the boiler itself is equipped with many moving devices, such as an electric door that opens and closes, some of the dust generated from the coal burned in the boiler and not sent to the ash box remains inside the boiler, while other parts leak from the operating devices and are scattered outside the boiler, leaving the area around the boiler covered in dust. When air flows around the boiler, the dust rises into the air, causing a certain impact on the surrounding environment.

[0003] Currently, cleaning dust from boilers in thermal power plants is mainly done manually, with three methods: blowing with an air source, vacuuming, and manual cleaning. Cleaning the dust from the outside of the boiler can improve the thermal efficiency of the boiler, reduce energy consumption, increase the output of the power generation unit, extend the life of the equipment, improve the stability of equipment operation, reduce pollutant emissions, and ensure the safe operation of the equipment.

[0004] However, in the above-mentioned technologies, the boiler body is large and complex in structure, and dust adheres to a wide area. Therefore, blowing with an air source or manual cleaning has low cleaning efficiency and insufficient dust removal effect. Furthermore, while vacuuming can improve dust removal efficiency to a certain extent, there is usually a large amount of dust around the boiler, and after using the vacuum cleaner for a while, large particles of dust clog the vacuum cleaner filter. Therefore, it is necessary to stop operation and clean the large particles of dust on the vacuum cleaner filter, which also causes the problem of reduced dust removal efficiency. Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0005] In order to solve the problem of low efficiency in cleaning dust adhering to the exterior of a boiler body, the present invention provides a system for cleaning dust contamination in a thermal power plant boiler. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] The system for cleaning dust pollution in a thermal power plant boiler according to the present invention adopts the following technical means:

[0007] The system for cleaning dust contamination from boilers in thermal power plants is A dust collection hood that is installed to cover the dust leakage point of the boiler body in a sealed state; a negative pressure pipe, one end of which is connected to the dust collecting hood and the other end of which is connected to the ash box, and an inverter-type negative pressure fan is installed on the negative pressure pipe; A filter plate that is fixedly installed inside the dust collection hood and can prevent large particles of dust from entering the negative pressure tube, A cleaning mechanism is installed in the dust collection hood and can periodically clean dust adhering to the filter plate. The cleaning mechanism includes a monitoring and measuring unit and an execution unit for cleaning the dust on the filter plate. The monitoring and measuring unit is movably installed within the dust collecting hood and can monitor and measure the dust concentration on both sides of the filter plate in real time. The monitoring and measuring unit includes a sliding plate that is slidably installed within the dust collecting hood, a monitoring and measuring instrument attached to the sliding plate, and a driving part that slides the sliding plate within the dust collecting hood. The driving part, negative pressure fan and execution unit are all electrically controlled and connected to the monitoring and measuring instrument. The sliding plate is located on the side of the filter plate away from the boiler body, and the filter plate has a through-hole through which the monitoring and measuring instrument can pass.

[0008] The execution unit further includes a vibrator attached to the filter plate, the vibrator being electrically controlled and connected to a monitoring instrument. The monitoring instrument passes through a through hole to monitor and measure the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate closer to the boiler body. When the dust concentration exceeds a set parameter, the monitoring instrument activates the driving component and the vibrator and increases the output of the negative pressure fan. In this case, the slide plate moves the monitoring instrument away from the boiler body, and the vibrator accelerates the falling of the dust on the filter plate. The monitoring instrument continues to operate until it detects that the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate away from the boiler body has decreased and stabilized. After detection, the monitoring instrument reduces the output of the negative pressure fan and stops the vibrator from cleaning the dust on the filter plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the execution unit further includes two sets of elastic pieces, both of which are located on the side of the filter plate away from the boiler body, and the two sets of elastic pieces are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the sliding plate, one end of each elastic piece is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust collecting hood, and a lever corresponding to the elastic piece is fixed to the sliding plate, and in the process of the sliding plate moving the monitoring instrument away from the boiler body, the lever pushes the elastic pieces apart away from the filter plate, and when the sliding plate moves the lever to a position where it does not contact the elastic pieces, the elastic pieces swing freely and strike the filter plate.

[0010] Furthermore, a fitting groove into which the slide plate and the lever are fitted is formed on the side wall of the filter plate near the elastic piece, and the depth of the fitting groove is greater than the thickness of the slide plate and the lever.

[0011] Furthermore, each set has a plurality of elastic pieces arranged at intervals from one another, all of which have the same length, and a corresponding plurality of levers are also provided, with the lengths of adjacent and opposing levers being different from one another.

[0012] Furthermore, the driving parts include a screw rod rotatably mounted within the dust collecting hood, a motor for driving the screw rod to rotate, and a guide rod arranged parallel to the screw rod, the guide rod being fixedly mounted within the dust collecting hood, one end of the screw rod being rotatably connected to the filter plate and the other end being arranged to pass through the dust collecting hood, the motor being disposed outside the dust collecting hood and connected to the end of the screw rod, and one end of a sliding plate being screwed onto the screw rod and the other end being slidably mounted on the guide rod.

[0013] Furthermore, flexible dustproof covers are attached to both sides of the slide plate on the screw rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the dust collecting hood is detachably attached to the boiler body. [Effects of the Invention]

[0015] From the above, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects.

[0016] (1) A dust collection hood is installed in a sealed state at the dust leakage point of the boiler body, and a cleaning mechanism is provided within the dust collection hood that can periodically clean the dust that has adhered to the filter plate. This makes it possible to efficiently and quickly absorb and clean the dust at the leakage point of the boiler body without stopping operation, while the negative pressure pipe and negative pressure fan are driven.

[0017] (2) The monitoring and measuring unit monitors and measures the dust concentration on both sides of the filter plate, and based on the results, it can start and stop the execution unit and adjust and control the output of the negative pressure fan, thereby ensuring dust cleaning efficiency while also achieving energy savings and low consumption. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0018] In order to more clearly explain the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. It is clear that the drawings described below show only some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can derive other drawings based on these drawings without any creative efforts. [Figure 1] 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention; [Figure 2] 3 is a cross-sectional view of a dust collecting hood, a filter plate, a slide plate, and an elastic piece according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 3] 3 is an exploded view showing the structure of a dust-collecting hood, a slide plate, and an elastic piece according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. [Figure 4] 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dust collecting hood, the filter plate, the vibrator and the through holes in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] In order to make the objectives, technical means and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following will describe in detail and completely the technical means of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the present invention and are not all inclusive. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can obtain all other embodiments without creative efforts, and they also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a system for cleaning dust contamination in a thermal power plant boiler. Referring to Figures 1, 2, and 3, the system for cleaning dust contamination in a thermal power plant boiler includes a dust collection hood 2 sealed and installed on the boiler body 1, and a vacuum pipe 3 connected to the dust collection hood 2. Because the boiler body 1 is equipped with numerous operating devices, such as electrically operated doors, dust leakage is likely to occur in the areas where the operating devices are installed on the boiler body 1. For this reason, the dust collection hood 2 is detachably attached to the operating device areas on the boiler body 1 with screws. The number of dust collection hoods 2 can be determined based on the number of operating devices on the boiler body 1. If the boiler body 1 has multiple operating devices, multiple dust collection hoods 2 and vacuum pipes 3 may be installed accordingly. The multiple vacuum pipes 3 are connected to each other, and the end of one of the vacuum pipes 3 away from the boiler body 1 is connected to an ash box. An inverter-type negative pressure fan 16 and separation filter tank 17 are installed on the negative pressure pipe 3, and the separation filter tank 17 is located between the negative pressure fan 16 and the dust collection hood 2. The separation filter tank 17 filters out large dust particles that enter the negative pressure pipe 3, while fine dust particles are sent to the ash box via the negative pressure pipe 3 and negative pressure fan 16. Normally, when the boiler main body 1 is operating, the negative pressure fan 16 operates at low power, creating negative pressure within the negative pressure pipe 3 and dust collection hood 2. As a result, dust leaking from the boiler main body 1 is collected within the dust collection hood 2 and, guided (directed) by the negative pressure pipe 3, passes through the separation filter tank 17 and reaches the ash box. When the boiler main body 1 is shut down, the dust collection hood 2 can be removed from the boiler main body 1 and the dust inside the dust collection hood 2 can be cleaned out.

[0021] Considering that dust particles of different particle sizes leak from the boiler body 1, a filter plate 4 that prevents large particles from entering the vacuum pipe 3 is fixedly installed inside the dust collection hood 2 to prevent damage to the separation filter tank 17 when large particles are guided by the vacuum pipe 3 and reach the separation filter tank 17, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3. The filter plate 4 can block large particles of dust, but over long periods of use, the filter holes on the filter plate 4 become clogged, reducing the dust absorption efficiency. For this reason, dust that has accumulated on the filter plate 4 must be cleaned regularly.

[0022] Considering dust absorption efficiency and dust dispersion prevention, referring to Figures 1, 2, 3, and 4, a cleaning mechanism is installed within the dust collecting hood 2 to periodically clean dust adhering to the filter plate 4. The cleaning mechanism includes a monitoring and measuring unit for monitoring and measuring dust concentration and an execution unit for cleaning the dust on the filter plate 4. The monitoring and measuring unit is movably installed within the dust collecting hood 2 and can monitor and measure the dust concentration on both sides of the filter plate 4 in real time. The negative pressure fan 16 and the execution unit are both electrically controlled and connected to the monitoring and measuring unit. If the monitoring and measuring unit detects that the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 closest to the boiler body 1 exceeds a set parameter, this indicates that the filter holes in the filter plate 4 may be clogged. Therefore, at this point, the monitoring and measuring unit instructs the execution unit to clean the dust adhering to the filter plate 4 and controls the negative pressure fan 16 to increase its output so that fine dust particles in the dust collecting hood 2 can quickly pass through the filter plate 4 and be discharged into the ash box.

[0023] When cleaning large particles of dust from the filter plate 4, the large particles always remain on the side of the filter plate 4 closest to the boiler body 1. If the monitoring and measuring unit continues to monitor and measure the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 closest to the boiler body 1 at this time, the dust concentration will always be high, causing the execution unit to operate continuously and the negative pressure fan 16 to continue operating at high power, wasting energy. Therefore, while the execution unit is cleaning the large particles of dust from the filter plate 4, the monitoring and measuring unit must be moved to the side of the filter plate 4 away from the boiler body 1 to monitor and measure the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 away from the boiler body 1. Only when the monitoring and measuring unit detects that the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 away from the boiler body 1 has decreased and stabilized, does this mean that fine particles are passing through the filter plate 4 without any problems and being quickly guided to the ash box by the negative pressure pipe 3. Therefore, the monitoring and measuring unit causes the execution unit to stop cleaning the filter plate 4 and controls the negative pressure fan 16 to reduce its output, thereby achieving the effects of energy saving and low consumption.

[0024] 2, 3, and 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, a monitoring and measuring unit is movably mounted within the dust collecting hood 2 to monitor and measure the dust concentration on both sides of the filter plate 4 in real time. The monitoring and measuring unit includes a sliding plate 6 slidably mounted within the dust collecting hood 2, a monitoring and measuring instrument 7 mounted on the sliding plate 6, and a driving component for sliding the sliding plate 6 within the dust collecting hood 2. The execution unit, driving component, and negative pressure fan 16 are all electrically connected to and controlled by the monitoring and measuring instrument 7. The sliding plate 6 is located on the side of the filter plate 4 away from the boiler body 1, and the monitoring and measuring instrument 7 is configured as a dust concentration measuring instrument. The filter plate 4 has a through-hole 8 through which a probe of the dust concentration measuring instrument passes. In the initial state, the negative pressure fan 16 operates at low power, and the probe of the monitoring and measuring instrument 7 passes through the through-hole 8 of the filter plate 4 to monitor and measure the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 closest to the boiler body 1. When the monitoring instrument 7 detects that the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 closest to the boiler body 1 exceeds the set value, the monitoring instrument 7 instructs the execution unit to start cleaning the filter plate 4, increases the output of the negative pressure fan 16 to quickly absorb the dust, and also activates the drive component. The drive component drives the slide plate 6 to slide the monitoring instrument 7 away from the filter plate 4, so that the probe of the monitoring instrument 7 exits the through hole 8 and is positioned on the side of the filter plate 4 farther from the boiler body 1. This allows the monitoring instrument 7 to monitor and measure the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 farther from the boiler body 1. When the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 farther from the boiler body 1 decreases and stabilizes, the monitoring instrument 7 reduces the output of the negative pressure fan 16, stops the operation of the execution unit, and also activates the drive component to drive the slide plate 6 and slide the monitoring instrument 7 closer to the filter plate 4. By moving the slide plate 6 until the probe of the monitoring instrument 7 passes through the through hole 8 of the filter plate 4 again, the monitoring instrument 7 can again monitor and measure the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 that is closer to the boiler body 1. By performing monitoring and measurement in this manner in a cyclical manner, the dust cleaning efficiency is improved and energy savings and low consumption effects are also achieved.

[0025] 2, 3 and 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, the design of the execution unit includes a plurality of vibrators 5 mounted on the filter plate 4, and these plurality of vibrators 5 are fixedly installed evenly on the side wall of the filter plate 4 closer to the boiler body 1. The vibrators 5 are electrically connected to a monitoring instrument 7 for control, and the vibration of the plurality of vibrators 5 accelerates the falling of dust on the filter plate 4 and reduces the adhesion of dust on the filter plate 4.

[0026] To further improve the efficiency of dust removal on the filter plate 4, as shown in Figures 2, 3, and 4, the execution unit includes two sets of elastic pieces 9. The elastic pieces 9 are made of spring steel, and both sets of elastic pieces 9 are located on the side of the filter plate 4 away from the boiler body 1. The two sets of elastic pieces 9 are symmetrically installed on the upper and lower sides of the sliding plate 6. Each set of elastic pieces 9 includes multiple elastic pieces 9 that are spaced apart along the length of the sliding plate 6, all of the same length, and one end of each elastic piece 9 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust collecting hood 2. A plurality of levers 10 corresponding to the multiple elastic pieces 9 are fixedly attached to the upper and lower sides of the sliding plate 6. In the initial state, the sliding plate 6 is located between the elastic pieces 9 and the filter plate 4. When the monitoring instrument 7 detects that the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 closer to the boiler body 1 exceeds a set value, the monitoring instrument 7 activates the vibrator 5 and the driving mechanism. As a result, the drive component drives the slide plate 6, causing the monitoring instrument 7 and levers 10 to slide together with the slide plate 6 in a direction away from the filter plate 4. During the sliding movement, each lever 10 pushes (bends) the elastic pieces 9 apart in the direction away from the filter plate 4. When the slide plate 6 moves and each lever 10 is no longer in contact with the elastic pieces 9, the elastic pieces 9 are free to rebound and strike the filter plate 4, thereby accelerating the fall of dust on the filter plate 4. Furthermore, in order to further accelerate the fall of dust on the filter plate 4, the two adjacent levers 10 on the same side of the slide plate 6 are of different lengths, and the levers 10 on the upper and lower sides of the slide plate 6 are also configured to be of different lengths. Therefore, when the slide plate 6 slides the lever 10 to push the elastic pieces 9 apart, the timing at which the multiple elastic pieces 9 and the corresponding multiple levers 10 separate is not synchronized, causing the multiple elastic pieces 9 to swing out of sync, which causes the multiple elastic pieces 9 to each strike the filter plate 4, increasing the vibration frequency of the filter plate 4 and accelerating the fall of dust on the filter plate 4.

[0027] As the sliding plate 6 moves the lever 10 toward the filter plate 4, the lever 10 continues to push against the elastic piece 9, biasing it. To prevent the biased elastic piece 9 from striking the lever 10 and damaging the sliding plate and lever 10, as shown in FIG. 2, a fitting groove 11 into which the sliding plate 6 and lever 10 are fitted is provided on the side wall of the filter plate 4 facing the elastic piece 9, and the depth of the fitting groove 11 is greater than the thickness of the sliding plate 6 and lever 10. When the sliding plate 6 moves the lever 10 toward the filter plate 4 and enters the fitting groove 11, the elastic piece 9 can swing freely but will not come into contact with the lever 10, preventing the lever 10 and sliding plate 6 from being struck and damaged by the elastic piece 9.

[0028] 2 and 3, the driving components enable the sliding plate 6 to stably slide back and forth within the dust collecting hood 2. The driving components include a screw rod 12 rotatably mounted within the dust collecting hood 2, a motor 13 that rotates the screw rod 12, and a guide rod 14 arranged parallel to the screw rod 12. The screw rod 12 and the guide rod 14 are located at opposite ends of the sliding plate 6, respectively. One end of the guide rod 14 is connected to the filter plate 4, and the other end is connected to the cover of the dust collecting hood 2. One end of the screw rod 12 is rotatably connected to the filter plate 4, and the other end passes through the cover of the dust collecting hood 2 and is connected to the output end of the motor 13. The motor 13 is fixedly mounted on the cover of the dust collecting hood 2 and is located outside the dust collecting hood 2. One end of the sliding plate 6 is threaded onto the screw rod 12, and the other end is slidably mounted (shrouded) on the guide rod 14. By rotating the motor 13 forward and backward, the screw rod 12 can stably slide the sliding plate 6 toward and away from the filter plate 4 within the dust collecting hood 2. Because the screw rod 12 and the sliding plate 6 are threadedly connected, two dustproof covers 15 are attached to the screw rod 12 to prevent dust from adhering to the screw rod 12 and affecting the driving of the sliding plate 6. The dustproof covers 15 are accordion-shaped covers, and one end of each dustproof cover 15 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 6, and the other end is fixedly connected to the cover of the dust collecting hood 2 or the filter plate 4.

[0029] The operating principle of the thermal power plant boiler dust pollution cleaning system according to the embodiment of the present invention is as follows. Initially, the negative pressure fan 16 operates at low power, creating a negative pressure within the negative pressure pipe 3 and the dust collection hood 2. Dust leaking from the boiler body 1 is collected in the dust collection hood 2 and guided by the negative pressure pipe 3 to the separation filter tank 17 and the ash box. At the same time, the slide plate 6 and lever 10 are positioned within the mounting groove 11, and the probe of the monitoring instrument 7 penetrates the through-hole 8 of the filter plate 4 to monitor and measure the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 closest to the boiler body 1. When the monitoring instrument 7 detects that the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 closest to the boiler body 1 exceeds a preset value, the monitoring instrument 7 activates the vibrators 5. The vibration of the vibrators 5 accelerates the falling of the dust on the filter plate 4. The monitoring instrument 7 also increases the power output of the negative pressure fan 16 to rapidly absorb the dust, and simultaneously activates the driving components. The drive component drives the slide plate 6 to slide the monitoring instrument 7 and lever 10 together with the slide plate 6 in a direction away from the filter plate 4, so that the probe of the monitoring instrument 7 comes out of the through hole 8 and is positioned on the side of the filter plate 4 away from the boiler body 1, allowing the monitoring instrument 7 to monitor and measure the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 away from the boiler body 1. During the sliding movement, the lever 10 pushes the elastic pieces 9 apart away from the filter plate 4, and when the slide plate 6 moves the lever 10 to a position where it is no longer in contact with the elastic pieces 9, the elastic pieces 9 swing freely and strike the filter plate 4, further accelerating the fall of the dust on the filter plate 4.

[0030] When the monitoring instrument 7 detects that the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 away from the boiler body 1 has decreased and stabilized, the monitoring instrument 7 reduces the output of the negative pressure fan 16 and stops the operation of the vibrator 5. The monitoring instrument 7 also activates the drive component, which drives the slide plate 6 to slide the monitoring instrument 7 and lever 10 together with the slide plate 6 toward the filter plate 4. The slide plate 6 is moved until the probe of the monitoring instrument 7 again passes through the through hole 8 of the filter plate 4, at which point the slide plate 6 and lever 10 are positioned within the fitting groove 11. In this way, the monitoring instrument 7 can again monitor and measure the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate 4 closer to the boiler body 1. By performing monitoring and measurement in this manner cyclically, dust cleaning efficiency is improved and energy savings and reduced consumption are achieved.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are intended to illustrate the technical means of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail based on the above embodiments, those skilled in the art may still make modifications to the technical means described in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features with equivalents. Even if these modifications or replacements are made, the essence of the corresponding technical means will not deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical means of each embodiment of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0032] 1. Boiler body 2. Dust collection hood 3. Negative pressure tube 4. Filter plate 5, vibrator 6. Slide plate 7. Monitoring instruments 8, through hole 9. Elastic piece 10. Lever 11. Insertion groove 12. Screw rod 13. Motor 14. Guide rod 15. Dustproof cover 16. Negative pressure fan 17. Separation filter tank.

Claims

1. A dust collection hood that is installed to cover the dust leakage point of the boiler body in a sealed state; a negative pressure pipe, one end of which is connected to the dust collecting hood and the other end of which is connected to the ash box, and an inverter-type negative pressure fan is installed on the negative pressure pipe; A filter plate that is fixedly installed inside the dust collection hood and can prevent large particles of dust from entering the negative pressure tube, A cleaning mechanism is installed in the dust collection hood and can periodically clean dust adhering to the filter plate. a cleaning mechanism for cleaning dust contamination in a thermal power plant boiler, the cleaning mechanism comprising: a monitoring and measuring unit and an action unit for cleaning the dust on the filter plate; the monitoring and measuring unit is movably installed within the dust collecting hood and can monitor and measure the dust concentration on both sides of the filter plate in real time; the monitoring and measuring unit comprises a sliding plate slidably installed within the dust collecting hood, a monitoring and measuring instrument attached to the sliding plate, and a driving component for sliding the sliding plate within the dust collecting hood; the driving component, negative pressure fan and action unit are all electrically controlled and connected to the monitoring and measuring instrument; the sliding plate is located on the side of the filter plate away from the boiler body, and the filter plate has a through-hole through which the monitoring and measuring instrument can pass.

2. 2. The system for cleaning dust pollution in a thermal power plant boiler according to claim 1, wherein the execution unit includes a vibrator attached to the filter plate, the vibrator being electrically controlled and connected to a monitoring instrument, the monitoring instrument passing through a through hole to monitor and measure the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate close to the boiler body, when the dust concentration exceeds a set parameter, the monitoring instrument activates the driving component and the vibrator and increases the output of the negative pressure fan, in this case the sliding plate moves the monitoring instrument away from the boiler body, the vibrator accelerates the falling of the dust on the filter plate, and continues to operate until the monitoring instrument detects that the dust concentration on the side of the filter plate away from the boiler body has decreased and stabilized, after which the monitoring instrument reduces the output of the negative pressure fan and stops the vibrator from cleaning the dust on the filter plate.

3. 3. The system for cleaning dust pollution in a thermal power plant boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that the execution unit further includes two sets of elastic pieces, both of which are located on the side of the filter plate away from the boiler body, and the two sets of elastic pieces are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the sliding plate, one end of each elastic piece is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the dust collecting hood, and a lever corresponding to the elastic piece is fixed to the sliding plate, so that when the sliding plate moves the monitoring instrument away from the boiler body, the lever pushes the elastic pieces apart away from the filter plate, and when the sliding plate moves the lever to a position where it does not contact the elastic pieces, the elastic pieces can swing freely to strike the filter plate.

4. 4. The system for cleaning dust pollution in a thermal power plant boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that a fitting groove into which the slide plate and the lever are fitted is formed on the side wall of the filter plate near the elastic piece, and the depth of the fitting groove is greater than the thickness of the slide plate and the lever.

5. 4. The system for cleaning dust pollution in a thermal power plant boiler according to claim 3, wherein each set has a plurality of elastic pieces, the plurality of elastic pieces are spaced apart from each other, the lengths of the plurality of elastic pieces are all the same, and a corresponding plurality of levers are provided, and the lengths of the adjacent and opposing two levers are different from each other.

6. 3. The system for cleaning dust pollution in a thermal power plant boiler according to claim 2, wherein the driving parts include a screw rod rotatably installed in the dust collecting hood, a motor for rotating the screw rod, and a guide rod installed parallel to the screw rod, the guide rod being fixedly installed in the dust collecting hood, one end of the screw rod being rotatably connected to the filter plate and the other end being installed through the dust collecting hood, the motor being arranged outside the dust collecting hood and connected to the end of the screw rod, one end of a slide plate being screwed onto the screw rod and the other end being slidably attached to the guide rod.

7. 7. The system for cleaning dust pollution in a thermal power plant boiler according to claim 6, wherein flexible dustproof covers are respectively attached to both sides of the slide plate on the screw rod.

8. 7. The system for cleaning dust contamination in a thermal power plant boiler according to claim 6, wherein the dust collecting hood is detachably attached to the boiler body.

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